A/37/PV.118 General Assembly
THIRTY-SEVENTH SESSION
37. Question of Cyprus: report of the Secretary-General 1. Mr. M'TESA (Zambia): Mr. President, my dele- gation is gratified to see you continuing to preside over this resumed session of the General Assembly with renewed dedication and commitment to the search for solutions to the issues before us. We extend our heartiest congratulations to you on your illustrious leadership and renew our pledge to co-operate with you as you so expeditiously discharge your onerous responsibilities. 2. My delegation further wishes to congratulate the Secr:etary-General, whose call of duty has taken him to many corners of the globe during the first quarter of this year in his relentless pursuit of international peace and security. We commend his sterling leader- ship and determination to carry out his mandate to the fullest extent. 2. My delegation further wishes to congratulate the Secr:etary-General, whose call of duty has taken him to many corners of the globe during the first quarter of this year in his relentless pursuit of international peace and security. We commend his sterling leader- ship and determination to carry out his mandate to the fullest extent. 3. The question of Cyprus has persistently been on the world agenda ever since the unfortunate events of 1974. However, this persistence of the issue does not in any way reflect any lack of solutions to the problem. On the contrary, the Movement of Non- Aligned Countries and the United Nations have defined and constantly reiterated the various ways and means of resolving th~ Cyprus issue. 3. The question of Cyprus has persistently been on the world agenda ever since the unfortunate events of 1974. However, this persistence of the issue does not in any way reflect any lack of solutions to the problem. On the contrary, the Movement of Non- Aligned Countries and the United Nations have defined and constantly reiterated the various ways and means of resolving th~ Cyprus issue. 4. Essentially, Cyprus is under foreign occupation, and all the problems that it faces today emanate from that foreign occupation. In order to arrest the problems, Cyprus must be assisted in restoring its full sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, unity and non-alignment, which are currently being seriously compromised by foreign occupation. There should be complete demilitarization of the island through an un- conditional withdrawal of the foreign troops of occu- pation. There should be voluntary return of the i efu- gees to their homes in safety. 4. Essentially, Cyprus is under foreign occupation, and all the problems that it faces today emanate from that foreign occupation. In order to arrest the problems, Cyprus must be assisted in restoring its full sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, unity and non-alignment, which are currently being seriously compromised by foreign occupation. There should be complete demilitarization of the island through an un- conditional withdrawal of the foreign troops of occu- pation. There should be voluntary return of the .efu- gees to their homes in safety. 5. Furthermore., the fate of the 2,000 or so missing ·persons following the events of 1974 is as sensitive a matter as it is emotive. It has created unceasing anguish in many Cypriot families, an anguish that will not diminish until the problem is resolved. The issue of tracing and accounting for the fate of missing persons, therefore, needs to be addressed with minimum delay. Its speedy solution would constitute a measure of far-reaching import in terms of con- fidence-building and cannot, therefore, be over-em- phasized. 5. Furthermore., the fate of the 2,000 or so missing -persons following the events of 1974 is as sensitive a matter as it is emotive. It has created unceasing anguish in many Cypriot families, an anguish that will not diminish until the problem is resolved. The issue of tracing and accounting for the fate of missing persons, therefore, needs to be addressed with minimum delay. Its speedy solution would constitute a measure of far-reaching import in terms of con- fidence-building and cannot, therefore, be over-em- phasized. NEW YORK ~97~, as.did m~ny others assembled in an mtenm penod should be accorded locutors in which to negotiate the peac of the Cyprus question. During that i consideration of the question of Cypru at the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth se General Assembly. But, unfortunately associated with the belief in a success during that interim period did not progress. This lack of progress has cr to seek once again the avenue of th sembly in which to debate the issue. 7: The fact that the question of Cy discussed at this session is indicative o the people of Cyprus have in what the U can do in terms 9f bringing an end t that country. In this regard, we comm keeping role that has been performed in Cyprus. We are also encouraged by that discussions have already taken pla Secretary-General and President Kypria regarding the personal involvement of General in the settlement of this prob that all parties concerned will find ~t pru the Secretary-General's good offices We also hope that ~uch involvement w with success in terms of re-creating momentum for the negotiation process 8. One important medium in the searc able, just and durable solutiot: to the C is none other than the intercommuna ~97~, as.did m~ny other.s assembled in this body, that an IDtenm penod should be accorded to the inter- locutors in which to negotiate the peaceful resolution of the Cyprus question. During that interim period, consideration of the question of Cyprus was deferred at the thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth sessions of the General Assembly. But, unfortunately, the optimism associated with the belief in a successful negotiation during that interim period did not generate any progress. This lack of progre~s has created the need to seek once again the avenue of the General As- sembly in which to debate the issue. 7: The fact that the question of Cyprus is being dIscussed at this session is indicative of the trust that the people of Cyprus have in what the United Nations can do in terms 9J bringing an end to the crisis in that country. In this regard, we commend the peace- keeping role that has been performed by UNFICYP in Cyprus. We are also encouraged by the revelation that discussions have already taken place between the Secretary-General and President Kyprianou ofCyprus regarding the personal involvement of the Secretary- General in the settlement of this problem. We hope that all parties concerned will find ~t prudent to accept the Secretary-General's good offices in the matter. We also hope that ~uch involvement will be crowned with success in terms of re-creating and sustaining momentum for the negotiation process. 8. One important medium in the search for an equit- able, just and durable solutio.: to the Cyprus debacle is none other than the intercommunal talks. In tbis r~gard, Zambia has been encouraged b tion of those talks under the auspice retary-General. We still have great c much can be achieved through those talks ~i~ce they are one of the areas negotiatIOns could be effected. The alt talks~ if ind~ed it may be termed such conflict, which has led to the polarizati and the resultant stalemate. 9. We therefore appeal to the two C nities to reconcile their differences w liYing as one heterogeneous nation of They cannot afford to tamper with th has decreed two Cypriot communities reason that we support those constitut concerning the restoration of Cypru harmonious and non-aligned State. r~gard, Zambia has been encouraged by the resump- tion of those talks under the auspices of the Sec- retary-General. We still have great confidence that much can be achieved through those intercommunal talks ~i~ce they are one of the areas through which negotiatIOns could be effected. The alternative to the talks~ if ind~ed it may be termed such, is continuing conflIct, whIch has led to the polarization of positions and the resultant stalemate. 9. We therefore appeal to the two Cypriot commu- nities to reconcile their differences with a view to- IiYing as one heterogeneous nation of Cypriots again. They cannot afford to tamper with their fate, .which has decreed two Cypriot communities. It is for this reason that we support those constitutional proposals concerning the restoration of Cyprus as a unified harmonious and non-aligned State. ' 10. Finally, I wish to reiterate Za~b darity and support for the peop!e an of the Republic of Cyprus in their no 10. Finally, I wish to reiterate Za~bia's full soli- darity and support for the people and Government of the Republic of Cyprus in their noble struggle to 16. Despite years of alarmingly diminishing expec- tations at the United Nations, Malta remains staunch in the belief that strict adherence to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations is ihe only medicine for the many maladies afflicting the world, not least among them the problem of Cyprus, victim of an armed invasion which no true believer in the Charter can condone, whatever the circumstances that may have been advanced as a pretext at the time. . 16. Despite years of alarmingly diminishing expec- tations at (he United Nations, Malta remains staunch in the belief that strict adherence to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations is ihe only medicine for the many maladies afflicting the world, not least among them the problem of Cyprus, victim of an armed invasion which no true believer in the Charter can condone, whatever the circumstances that may have been advanced as a pretext at the time. 17. It remains our collective respc;;sibility to respond adequately to the need for progress, with enduring faith in the United Nations, so that the present stalemate may be overcome. It is, therefore, a positive element.of fundame~tal importance that the Govern- ment of Cyprus continues to seek a peaceful solu- tion through the Organization, as the Minister for Foreign Affairs reminded us again only yesterday [I J6th meeting). 17. It remains our collective respc;;sibility to respond adequately to the need for progress, with enduring faith in the United Nations, so that the present stalemate may be overcome. It is, therefore, a positive element.of fundamel.1tal importance that the Govern- ment of Cyprus continues to seek a peaceful solu- tion through the Organization, as the Minister for Foreign Affairs reminded us again only yesterday [I 16th meeting]. 18. The events of 1974 may have receded into the background in the mind of many of us here, overtaken perhaps by our concentration on more recent events, but this is certainly not the case for the people directly involved; nor is it ·the case for those who come from the area and feel the unwelcome repercus- 18. The events of 1974 may have receded into the background in the mind of many of us here, overtaken perhaps by our concentration on more recent events, but this is certainly not the case for the people directly involved; nor is it .the case for those who come from the area and feel the unwelcome reperClJS- 20. It should be evident to too long a time for the disposse to wait in any part of the w formerly undivided land of Cyp still fester cannot be healed sim in itself will not perform a mi collectively if we are to produ ticular, we have to build further hope laid by the imaginative of dent of Cyprus at the tenth s General Assembly [2nd meetin demilitarization of his island high-level agreements reached and 19 May 1979.2 21. All polktical problems are prus problem is certainly no plexity is, however, our challen us. A solution, though difficu means. The principles for a been defined in the unanimous of the Security Council, which outcome of protracted negotiat 21. All poHtical problems are complex, and the Cy- prus problem is certainly no exception. That com- plexity is, however, our challenge: it should not daunt us. A solution, though difficult, is not beyond our means. The principles for a solution have already been defined in the unanimously adopted resolutions' of the Security CouncH, which themselves were the outcome of protracted negotiations, with the partici- p~.tion of all the parties concern stood the test of time. They ha many occasions, not only at th also in the Conference on Secu in Europe, in the Commonw ranks of the Movement of Non most recently at the Seventh C State or Government of Non-A at New Delhi from 7 to 12 Mar 22. The enduring roots of the its past history. While that histo a point of refer~nce for future wrong for the protagonists to a unhappy experience of ~he pas and that the future cannot but mi ties of the past. p~,tion of all the parties concerned. Their validity has stood the test of time. They have been reaffirmed on many occasions, not only at the United Nations but also in the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe, in the Commonwealth and within the ranks of the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries- most recently at the Seventh Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at New Delhi from 7 to 12 March 1983. 22. The enduring roots of the Cyprus problem lie in its past history. While that history will continue to be a point of refer~nce for future action, it would be wrong for the protagonists to assume today that the unhappy experience of the past cannot be co,rrected and that the future cannot but mirror the lost opportuni- ties of the past. 23. Even the ·past pronounce cluding those of the wisest amon given circumstanceg, and,at a gi therefore be interpreted not a political doctrine but rather as r and the moods when they we should they be quoted, frequ when recalled in efforts apparen tuate fear and prevent progre the time h~s come to cut the c have hampered freedom and hope, fortified by deeper wisd 23. Even the 'past pronouncements of leaders, in- cluding those of the wisest among them, were made in given circumstancef.\ and,at a given time. They should therefore be interpreted not as timeless tenets of a political doctrine but rather as reflections of the times and the moods when they were uttered. Even less should they be quoted, frequently out of context, when recalled in efforts apparently designed to perpe- tuate fear and prevent progress. On the contrary, the time h~s come to cut the chains that in the past have hampered freedom and to look forward with hope, fortified by deeper wisdom acquired from the ars is 'ooted in the Is that ; time work 1 par- ons of Presi- Jf the or the ~n the 19771 valuab!~ assistance. 26. \'le have to face the fact that the Cyprus prob- lem can now no longer be brought to our attention merely through occasional exchanges of the negative notes periodically circulated by the two communities, mostly originating at the request of an illegal and un- recognized entity, while in the meantime the effects of armzd invasion become more deeply entrenched. 1n the promotion of international peace and security, the countries ofthe Mediterranean, an area already unduly burdened with problems of an international character, have a particular stake and an interest in encouraging effective progress towards a peaceful solution of the Cyprus problem in the shortest possible time. We all stand to benefit, none more so than the entire popu- lation of Cypn!'l and its immediate neighbours. 27. It is therefore all the more gratifying for my dele- gation to learn that, after consultations, the Sec- retary-General informed the President of the Republic ofCyprus that he intended to give fresh impetus to the negotiating process and to strengthen his personal in- volvement within the framework of his good offices mi§sion. My delegation endorses this suggestion and wishes to encourage the Secretary-General in his inspiring dedication to the search for a peaceful and lasting settlement. le Cy- com- daunt Id our lready utions' :re the lartici- ity has led on ns but valuab!~ assistance. 26. \'le have to face the fact that the Cyprus prob- lem can now no longer be brought to our attention merely through occasional exchanges of the negative notes periodically circulated by the two communities, mostly originating at the request of an illegal and un- recognized entity, while in the meantime the effects of armzd invasion become more deeply entrencheo. 1n the promotion of international peace and security, the countries ofthe Mediterranean, an area already unduly burdened with problems of an international character, have a particular stake and an interest in encouraging effective progress towards a peaceful solution of the Cyprus problem in the shortest possible time. We all stand to benefit, none more so than the entire popu- lation of Cypn!'l and its immediate neighbours. 27. It is therefore all the more gratifying for my dele- gation to learn that, after consultations, the Sec- retary-General informed the President of the Republic ofCyprus that he intended to give fresh impetus to the negotiating process and to strengthen his personal in- volvement within the framework of his good offices mi§sion. My delegation endorses this suggestion and wishes to encourage the Secretary-General in his inspiring dedication to the search for a peaceful and lasting settlement. 28. We invite the Assembly on this occasion to take unanimous action to endorse t~e Secretary-General's initiative. It is high time we avail ourselves of the tide of potential progress at its highest. Because of his previous experience and in the light of his present role, the Secretary-General knows the issues at first hand and is eminently qualified for a mediating role. ~ration in the tries- :ads of s, held 1 lie in e to be uld be lat the -rected ortuni- 28. We invite the Assembly on this occasion to take unanimous action to endorse t~e Secretary-General's initiative. It is high time we avail ourselves of the tide of potential progress at its highest. Because of his previous experience and in the light of his present role, the Secretary-General knows the issues at first hand and is eminently qualified for a mediating role. :rs, in- ilade in should ts of a e times en less ontext, perpe- Intrary, 29. Wa believe that a wise course has now been embarked on. An important point gf departure is that all parties concerned should hav~ confidence in the person and in this appro::-~ch; the Sf;cretary-Gen- ~e past d with om the ~ral needs our collective bacidng and support. Malta stands firmly behind this effort and will contribute in 29. Wa believe that a wise course has now been embarked on. An important point gf departure is that all parties concerned should hav~ confidence in the person and in this appro::-~ch; the Se;cretary-Gen- ~ral needs our collective baciCing and support. Malta stands firmly behind this effort and will contribute in 32. We therefore appeal once more, respe firmly, to all concerned that this humanitar be given generous priority and swift positi An element of progress will go far toward the bitterness and suspicion felt by so ma long and will pave the way for the removal one serious obstacl~:tto progress in the nat being of the entire people of Cyprus. 32. We therefore appeal once more, respectfully but firmly, to all concerned that this humanitarian aspect be given generous priority and swift positive action. An element of progress will go far towards reducing the bitterness and suspicion felt by so many for so long and will pave the way for the removal of at least one serious obstacl~_.to progress in the national well- being of the entire people of Cyprus. 33. On this basis, my delegation will sup resolution A/37/L.63 and trusts that it w virtually unanimous support.
Mr. Presid eminent qualities and vision. prompt-my de renew the expression of its full confidenc ability to guide the deliberations of this session ofthe General Assembly with the sam tion that has characterized your presid the work of the first part of the session.
33. On this basis, my delegation will support draft resolution A/37/L.63 and trusts that it will receive virtually unanimous support.
Mr. President, your eminent qualities and vision. prompt·my delegation to renew the expression of its full confidence in your ability to guide the deliberations of this resumed session ofthe General Assembly with the same distinc- tion that has characterized your presidency over the work of the first part of the session.
35. The resumed session meets to pursue ations on the question of Cyprus, a questio rightly held the attention of the internati munity for many years but unfortunately yet seen a solution that could ensure for it peaceful political settlement, bringing to an satisfactory status quo.
35. The resumed session meets to pursue its deliber- ations on the question of Cyprus, a question that bas rightly held the attention of the international com- munity for many years but unfortunately has not as yet seen a solution tbat could ensure for its people a peaceful political settlement, bringing to an end an un- satisfactory status quo.
36. I s~ould like to stress at the outset th lar importance the Government of Egypt co attach to the achievement of a just and las cal settlement of the question of Cyprus consistently felt that the basis for such settlement is to be found in full respect fo pendence of Cyprus, its sovereignty, its integrity and inviolability, lts unity and it 'ned status. This is in keeping with the pr the Charter of the United Nations amI in a with the relevant resolutions of the General and 'the Security Council, which, throug efforts, have found expression in the agree served asapra~tical basis for intercommu
36. I s~ould like to stress at the outset the particu- lar importance the Government of Egypt continues to attach to the achievement of a just and lasting politi- cal settlement of the question of Cyprus. We have consistently felt that the basis for such a durable. settlement is to be found in full respect for the inde- pendence of Cyprus, its sovereignty, its territorial .integrity and inviolability, lts unity and its non-alig- ned status. This is in keeping with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations ami in accordance with .the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council, which, through dmgent efforts, have found expression in the agreements that served as a pra~tical basis for intercommunal negoti-
atio~s. The collective wisdom of the in cOITlinunity, we. believe, still counsels tha possible course is to encourage and urg
atio~s. The collective wisdom of the international cOITlinunity, we. believe, still counsels that the best possible course is to encourage and urge the two
37. The concern which Egypt continues to have regarding the ques'.:)n of Cyprus stems from many factors. Among them we would cite: first, Egypt's obvious interest, as a non-aligned and a Mediter- ranean country, that peace, security and stability reign in that region; secondly, Egypt's conviction of the necessity ofachieving peace, real peace, for all peoples and its consistent upholding of the Charter principles, including those which call for the peaceful settlement ofdisputes; and thirdly, Egypt's concern for the unity, human rights and welfare of all Cypriots, Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots alike, and their right to pursue their lives and progress in peace and prosperity.
38. We therefore unhesitatingly join other dele- gations in expressing deep concern that, although principles and frameworks for the settlement of the question of Cyprus had been agreed upon between the highest representatives of the two communities, the progress made so far does not meet the hopes which the resumption of talks between the two com- munities had raised: We are now encouraged by the intention of the Secretary-General, as stated in his latest report [A/37/805 and Corr./], to strengthen his personal involvement within the framework ofhis mis- sion of good offices and, in particular, to make every effort to give fresh impetus to the negotiating process and to seek to encourage the parties to develop an overall synthesb covering the remaining unresolved issues.
38. We therefore unhesitatingly join other dele- gations in expressing deep concern that, although principles and frameworks for the settlement of the question of Cyprus had been agreed upon between the highest representatives of the two communities, the progress made so far does not meet the hopes which the resumption of talks between the two com- munities had raised: We are now encouraged by the intention of the Secretary-General, as stated in his latest report [A/37/805 and Corr.!], to strengthen his personal involvement within the framework ofhis mis- sion of good offices and, in particular, to make every effort to give fresh impetus to the negotiating process and to seek to encourage the parties to develop an overall synthesb covering the remaining unresolved issues.
39. Egypt" will continue to seek promotion of all steps and efforts that pave the way for a meaningful dialogue and negotiation between the Greek Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots aimed at the achievement of a just and, hence, durable settlement. Such a settle- ment can be achieved only through peaceful means and through the implementation of the relevant United Nations resolutions, which set the course for agree- ment between the two communities. We do not minimize the profound divergencies that exist; neither are we unmindful of the fact that a durable, satis- factory solution can be achieved only if it is based on the legitimate interests ;)f the two communit.ies. But we are sincerely hopeful that the will to peace will prevail and continue to sustain all concerned in genuine efforts to bring this long-drawn-out dispute to a satisfactory conclusion that will ensure unity, indepenu dence. territorial integrity and non-aligned status for Cyprus.
39. Egypt" will continue to seek promotion of all steps and efforts that pave the way for a meaningful dialogue and negotiation between the Greek Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots aimed at the achievement of a just and, hence, durable settlement. Such a settle- ment can be achieved only through peaceful means and through the implementation of the relevant United Nations resolutions, which set the course for agree- ment between the two communities. We do not minimize the profound divergencies that exist; neither are we unmindful of the fact that a durable, satis- factory solution can be achieved only if it is based on the legitimate interests ;)f the two communities. But we are sincerely hopeful that the wiJI to peace will prevail and continue to sustain all concerned in genuine efforts to bring this long-drawn-out dispute to a satisfactory conclusion that will ensure unity, indepen~ dence. territorial integrity and non-aligned status for Cyprus.
Mr. President, we are pleased to con- tinue working under your skilful guidance.
41. We would like, first of all, to express once agair. the gratitude of the delegation of Mexico to the Secretary-General for his tireless efforts aimed at ensuring a cons~ructive outcome of the 'intercommunal talks' which have been held in the framework of the mission of good offices entrusted to him by the Security Council. We would also like to express our appreciation of the work accomplished by the Spedal
Mr. President, we are pleased to con- tinue working under your skilful guidance.
41. We would like, first of all, to express once agaip. the gratitude of the delegation of Mexico to the Secretary-General for his tireless efforts aimed at ensuring a cons~ructive outcome of the 'intercommunal talks' which have been held in the framework of the mission of good offices entrusted to him by the Security Council. We would also like to express our appreciation of the work accomplished by the Spedal
42. After a lapse of almost three years, the General Assembly is once again considering the question of Cyprus in its entirety, an issue, as we have already affirmed, in which many fundamental principles of
43. One of the mGi;,( regrettab that began almost a decade ago sive isolation ofeach ofthe com In fact, there has been a proc of both the Greek Cypriot com Cypriot community. "'hat is se the communities gradually lo other, the sense of nationality
int~rnationallifeare at stake. The United Nations has, ofcourse, the obligation to maintain peace and security in the region. Essentially, however, what we must endeavour to guarantee is the very survival of a State, its territorial integrity and respect for the self- determination of all its citizens.
43. One of the mGi;,( regrettable aspects of the events that began almost a decade ago has been the progres- sive isolation ofeach ofthe communities on the island. In fact, there has been a process of steady isolation of both the Greek Cypriot community and the Turkish Cypriot community. \\'hat is serious is the fact that, as the communities gradually lose contact with each other, the sense of nationality wanes.
44. Another deplorable cons gation of the conflict is the num We wish to reiterate our c the Working Group on Enfo Disappearances of the Commi to redouble its efforts in or procedural obstacles that have the humanitarian work of the Persons in Cyprus.
44. Another deplorable consequence of the prolon- gation of the conflict is the number of missing persons. We wish to reiterate our concem and we urge the Working Group on Enforced and Involuntary Disappearances of the Commission on Human Rights to redouble its efforts in order to overcome the procedural obstacles that have created a deadlock in the humanitarian work of the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus.
45. The role which at the beg UNFICYP has been changed. serve as a stimulus so that th at a solution of the problem, between the two communities facilitating contacts between t has as its main task that of fire lines between the Cyprus one hand. and the Turkish and on the other; but the Force, w been exemplary, is also pr~') civilians in the demilitarized zo the two lines, as well as d humanitarian functions, as can report of the Secretary-Genera
45. The role which at the beginning was assigqed to UNFICYP has been changed. Its original task was to serve as a stimulus so that the parties would arrive at a solution of the problem, by preventing clashes . between the two communities and, at the same time, facilitating contacts between them. Today, the Force has as its main task that of supervising the cease- fire lines between the Cyprus National Guard, on the one hand. and the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot forces, on the other; but the Force, whose work has always been exemplary, is also pr~')viding security for the civilians in the demilitarized zone established between the two lines, as well as discharging a series of humanitarian functions, as can be seen from the latest report of the Secretary-General.
46. The growing physical s communities and the slow pa tween them is a source. of conc community. The delegation of M are positive elements indicativ in the intercommunal negoti we welcome the intention an retary-General to increase his ment in order to give fresh im process and especially to en prepare an overall synthesis major unresolved issues.
46. The growing physical separation of the two communities and the slow pace of negotiations be- tween them is a source. of concern to the international community. The delegation of Mexico hopes that there are positive elements indicative of possible progress in the intercommunal negotiations, but, above all, we welcome the intention announced by the Secu retary-General to increase his own persona~ involve- ment in order to give fresh impetus to the negotiating process and especially to encourage the parties to prepare an overall synthesis covering the remaining major unresolved issues.
47. Negotiations, on an equa two communities offer the best ajust and lasting solution to th nection, it is highly emporta of the General Assembly and t this issue be heeded, in part displaced persons and the wi troops from the island.
47. Negotiations, on an equal footing, between the two communities offer the best course of action to find ajust and lasting solution to this question. In this con- nection, it is highly !mportant that the resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council on this issue be heeded, in particular those relating to displaced persons and the withdrawal of aH foreign troops from the island.
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51. The two communities in Cyprus do have common interests. They all desire an early solution through negotiations free from super-Power interference, so that they can devote themselves to the rebuilding of their country. It is, of course, fully understandable that th~ people of Cyprus will still face difficulties ahead, and it will take time and efforts to cope with the complex problems left over by prolonged colonial rule. Nevertheless, we are convinced that, if only the two communities in Cypms can set store by their overall interests and get united, and if they continue without let-up the process of earnest and .patient negotiations and display a spirit of mutual accommodation, then they will surely overcome the obstacles in their way, narrow their differences and eventually arrive at a fair and mutually satisfactory solution. 52. China has always maintained that the indepen- dence, sovereignty, territorial integrity and non-aligned status of Cyprus should be respected. We sincerely hope that the Greek and Turkish communities of Cyprus will build on the progress already achieved and make renewed efforts to reach an early solution of their dispute, which will permit them to live in harmony and together build a prosperous Cyprus and contribute to stability in the eastern Mediterranean and peace in the world.
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The com- plexity and acute situation of the current international scene dictat~ the need for increased efforts to preserve - the peace and strengthen international security in order to eliminate the existing focal points of tension and prevent the emergence of new ones and to seek a peaceful settlement of situations of conflict. As stated in the political declaration of the States Parties to the War3aw Treatj.-, issued in Prague in January 1983: "There are no problems, global or regional, which could not be solved justly by peaceful means. It is most important for all to recognize the legiti- mate right of the people of every country to decide its own internal affairs, without external interfer-
The com- plexity and acute situation of the current international scene dictat~ the need for increased efforts to preserve the peace and strengthen international security in order to eliminate the existing focal points of tension and prevent the emergence of new ones and to seek a peaceful settlement of situations of conflict. As stated in the political declaration of the States Parties to the Wan,aw Treat)-, issued in Prague in January 1983:
Neen the mto find this con- solutions )uncil on :Iating to II foreign
"There are no problems, global or regional, which could not be solvedjustIy by peaceful means. It is most important for all to recognize the legiti- mate right of the people of every country to decide its own internal affairs, without external interfer-
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54. These generally recognized fundamental pr1n- ciples fully apply to the problem of Cyprus, the question which is once again before the Assembly. We must note with concern and regret that, dC3pite the long time which has elapsed since the adoption by the General Assembly and the Security Council of decisions laying down the basis for the political settle- ment on the is:and, no progress has yet been achieved towards their implementation.
55. As is well known, the General Assemb Security Council have constantly worked to tions to the Cyprus problem. As far back the United Nations set forth its position o with respect to this conflict. In its resolu (XXIX), unanimously adopted and subseq dorsed by the Security Council in reEo (1974), the Assembly, in an authoritativ called upon all States to respect the so independence, territorial integrity and poli alignment of the Republic of Cyprus. It speedy withdrawal of all foreign forces fro the cessation of foreign interference in its the guarantee of the return of refugees to th in safety.
55. As is well known, the General Assembly and the Security Council have constantly worked to find solu- tions to the Cyprus problem. As far back as 1974, the United Nations set forth its position of principle with respect to this conflict. In its resolution 3212 (XXIX), unanimously adopted and subsequently en- dorsed by the Security Council in reEolution 365 (1974), thp, Assembly, in an authoritative manner, called upon all States to respect the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and policy of non- alignment of the Republic of Cyprus. It urged the speedy withdrawal of all foreign forces from Cyprus, the cessation of foreign interference in its affairs and the guarantee of the return of refugees to their h~mes in safety.
56. At a number of subsequent session sembly not only ccmfirmed this decision an ciples contained therein, but also suppleme with new, constructive provisions. In parti~ lution 34/30, adopted on 20 November 1 overwhelming. majority of votes, expresse for the to-point agreement of 19 May 19792 for the urgent resumption of intercomrnu ations in a meaningful, result-oriented and tive manner. Throughout that time, the Secu cil also kept the probl::m of Cyprus withan i and adopted a number of important decisi question.
56. At a number of subsequent sessions, the As- sembly not only ccmfirmed this decision and the prin- ciples contained therein, but also supplemented them with new, constructive provisions. In parti~ular, reso- lution 34/30, adopted on 20 November 1979 by an overwhelming. majority of votes, expressed support for the lO-point agreement of 19 May 19792 and called for the urgent resumption of intercommunal negoti- ations in a meaningful, result-oriented and construc- tive manner. Throughout that time, the Security Coun- cil also kept the probl::m of Cyprus withan its purview and adopted a number of important decisions on the question.
57. Resolutions of the United Nations interest of the Cypriot people and are securing the most speedy solution of this a lem. In these conditions, one cannot fail ously concel ned at the fact that these decisi unfulfilled.. The complex situation which co the island and in its vicinity is rightly a concern to those who cherish peace and in security. This concern with the fate of th of Cyprus and its people was expressed in t declaration of the Seventh Conference of StateorGovernment oLSon-Aligned Countr New Delhi from 7 to 12 March 1983.4 ference noted the absence of progress in communal negotiations, and c~ned for mutually acceptable solution to the problem ance with the resolutions of the Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX), which was endor Security Council. The participants in the C reaffirmed their respect for the independen eignty, territor;al integrity, unity and poli alignment of Cyprus and welcomed the p
57. Resolutions of the United Nations are in the interest of the Cypriot people and are aimed at securing the most speedy solution of this acute prob- lem. In these conditions, one cannot fail to be seri- ously concel ned at the fact that these decisions remain unfulfilled.. The complex situation which continues on the island and in its vicinity is rightly a source of concern to those who cherish peace and international security. This concern with the fate of the Republic of Cyprus and its people was expressed in the political declaration of the Seventh Conference of Heads of State orGovernment oL~on-A1ignedCountries, held at New Delhi from 7 to 12 March 1983.4 The Con- ference noted the absence of progress in the inter- communal negotiations, and c~ned for a prompt, mutually acceptable solution to the problem in accord- ance with the resolutions of the Assembly, inter ediel, resolution 3212 (XXIX), which was endorsed by the Security Council. The participants in the Conference reaffirmed their respect for the independence, sover- eignty, territorial integrity, unity and policy of non- alignment of Cyprus and welcomed the proposal of
62. Guided by the interests of peace and inter- national security, the Soviet Union, as is well known, has put forward a proposal, supported by the Govern- ment of Cyprus and the Governments of many other countries, for the consideration of the pro~lem of Cyprus in a broad international forum and the con- vening for that purpose, within the framework of the United Nations, of a representative conference.s The convening of such an international conference on Cyprus under United Nations auspices would be an important contribution te:" reducing the tension on the island and in the vicinity of the island and to estab- lishing a climate of trust and co-operation. It would be a weighty factor for international detente.
63. The General Assembly can and must make its contribution to a just and durable solution of the Cy- prus problem and promote the rapid implementation of the United Nations decisions on the matter. It must make its own weighty pronouncement in sup-
63. The General Assembly can and must make its contribution to ajust and durable solution of the Cy- prus problem and promote the rapid implementation of the United Nations decisions on the matter. It must make its own weighty pronouncement in sup-
66. The search for suc and painful, but my G that the intercommun auspices of the Secr offices, offer the mos lution of the di5pute.
65. I am pleased to take this opportunity to empha- size again Australia's goodwill towards Cyprus and all its people and our strong support for a solution of the Cyprus dispute that takes into account the legiti- mate interests and concerns of both the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities.
67. The Australian de Secretary-General for furthering the talks be preciate his strong pe lution of the problem now that he has decid
66. The search for such a solution has been protracted and painful, but my Government remains convinced that the intercommunal talks, conducted under the auspices of the Secretary-General, using his good offices, offer the most promising avenue for a reso- lution of the di5pute.
68. Continuing effor be needed to assist in necessary on both sid difficult decisions tha ifprogress is to be mad taken to establish between the two comm
67. The Australian delegation wishes to commend the Secretary-General for the efforts he has made in furthering the talks begun by his predecessor. We ap- preciate his strong personal commitment to a reso- lution of the problem and offer him our full support now that he has decided to extend his efforts.
68. Continuing efforts by the United Nations will be needed to assist in building up the political will necessary on both sides to facilitate the sometimes difficult decisions that have to be tak~n. Equally, ifprogress is to be made, efforts will have to be under- taken to establish confidence-building measures between the two communities.
69. The Australian G mentation of the relev on Cyprus, including
33/15~ -of 9 Novembe for the immediate wit the Republic of Cypru
70. Australia makes men to UNFICYP, an ment to its role and matter of some conce tributors to UNFICY ul'l!'easonable financial of some countries to c Force, and we call on their responsibilities in
69. The Australian Government calls for the imple- mentation of the relevant United Nations resolutions on Cyprus, including General Assembly resolution
33/15~ ()f 9 November 1978, and, more particularly, for the immediate withdrawal of foreign forces from the Republic of Cyprus.
70. Australia makes a modest contribution of police- men to UNFICYP, and we have a continuing commit- ment to its role and objectives. It is, however, a matter of some concern to my delegation that con- tributors to UNFICYP are being asked to bear an ul't'easonable financial burden because of the refusal of some countries to contribute to the upkeep of the Force, and we call on all Member States to assume their responsibilities in this regard.
71. 'Nhen the Comm Cyprus was establishe tations of it. Those realized. We urge tha be made to establish either through that Com mechanism.
71. 'Nhen the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus was established in 1981, we had high expec- tations of it. Those expectations have not heen realized. We urge that concerted and serious efforts be made to establish the fate of the missing people either through that Committee or by some other agreed mechanism.
72. We believe that, on all sides, progres complex issue, and w Australia will extend programme that would Republic of Cyprus.
72. We believe that, with goodwill and perseverance on all sides, progress should be possible on this complex issue, and we can assure the Assembly that Australia will extend its full support to any such programme that would bring peace and stability to the Republic of Cyprus.
83. We urge the parties involved to show courage and flexibility in the negotiations to find a political solution. None of them can expect any political or economic benefits from a continued unsolved situation on Cyprus. All of them stand to gain if a compromise is found and the two communities can start planning for their joint future.
76. Th2 United Nations also has a direct interest in a solution to the Cyprus problem. Since 1964 a United Nations peace-keeping force, originally established for a period of three months, has been deployed on the island. The continued need for keeping UN?ICYP in place is a strain on the peace-keeping capacity of the United Nations, on the troop-contributing coun- tries and'On othercountries which are making voluntary financial contributions to UNFICYP.
84. In conclusion, {he Norwegian Government feels encouraged by the declared intention of the Sec- retary-General to renew his efforts to revitalize the intercommunal talks. My Government urges all parties concerned to lend their unqualified support to the Secretary-General in these efforts.
76. Th2 United Nations also has a direct interest in a solution to the Cyprus problem. Since 1964 a United Nations peace-keeping force, originally established for a period of three months, has been deployed on the island. The continued need for keeping UN?ICYP in place is a strain on the peace-keeping capacity of the United Nations, on the troop-contributing coun- tries and"On othercountries which are making voluntary financial contributions to UNFICYP.
Mr. President, I would like ~o congratulate you most sincerely Oil the fact that you are once again presiding over our deliberations. I would also like to express my sincere hope that this resumed session of the General Assembly will achieve genuine progress in the task of implementing the objectives and principles for which the United Nations was created.
77. The United Nations has also been directly in- volved in the efforts to find a peaceful and negotiated solution to the Cyprus problem. Both the present Secretary-General and previous Secretaries-General have made strong and personal efforts to bring the parties to the negotiating table. Constructive pro- posals for compromise solutions have been presented, and the Special Representatives of the Secretary- General have made numerous and continuous attempts to break the deadlock. 78. The basic elements of a peaceful solution have been identified. Such a solution will necessarily have to be based on a carefully balanced package deal, where none of the parties can expect to get a solution solely on their own terms. This package deal would have to include a withdrawal of foreign troops and a more just distribution of the territories occupied by the two communities than at present, coupled with safeguards and guarantees for the minority group which can ensure that past injustices will not be repeated.
77. The United Nations has also been directly in- volved in the efforts to find a peaceful and negotiated solution to the Cyprus problem. Both the present Secretary-General and previous Secretaries-General have made strong and personal efforts to bring the parties to the negotiating table. Constructive pro- posals for compromise solutions have been presented, and the Special Representatives of the Secretary- General have made numerous and continuous attempts to break the deadlock. 78. The basic elements of a peaceful solution have been identified. Such a solution will necessarily have to be based on a carefully balanced package deal, where none of the parties can expect to get a solution solely on their own terms. This package deal would have to include a withdrawal of foreign troops and a more just distribution of the territories occupied by the two communities than at present, coupled with safeguards and guarantees for the minority group which can ensure that past injustices will not be repeated.
86. Since 1963, the United Nations~ in particular the General Assembly and th~ Security Council, has beel} dealing with the question of Cyprus, a critical situation resulting from the dispute between t~e Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities, in which the Governments of Greece and Turkey are also in- volved.
87. The Cyprus conflict is not new. It goes further back in time than the very existence of the United Nations. It is one of those cases characteristic of ·human nature and the survival of religious creeds.
88. The Republic of Cyprus, as a full State Member ofthe United Nations and a member of the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries, has a right to full sover- eignty without any foreigb interference. None the less, and more than any other consideration, the fact that foreign troops remain, in violation of the territorial hltegrity, sovereignty and independence of Cyprus, constitutes, in our view, a disrupting factor, under the pressure of which it is difficult for negotiations to take place on an equal footing and in a free manner.
79. Norway's policy on the Cyprus conflict is based on the following principles.
80. We support the. sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus. We recognize and fully respect its wish to stay non- aligned. 81. We support the efforts of the Secre~ary-General . and his Special Representative to find a political and negotiated solution to the conflict: In our view, such a solution can best be found through the framework of the intercommunal talks. We have supported the high- level agreements of 12 February 19771 and 19 May - 19792 as a premising basis for a political solution.
79. Norway's policy on the Cyprus conflict is based on the following principles.
80. We support the. sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus. We recognize and fully respect its wish to stay non- aligned. 81. We support the efforts of the Secre~ary-General . and his Special Representative to find a political and negotiated solution to the conflict: In our view, such a solution can best be found through the framework of the intercommunal talks. We have supported the high- level agreements of 12 February 19771 and 19 May - 19792 as a premising basis for a political solution.
89. At its twenty-ninth session, following the events of 1974, the General Assembly, in resolution. 3212 (XXIX), affirmed the basic principles of respect of States for the sovereignty, imlependence and ter- ritorial integrity of Cyprus, and the obligation to refrain from any interference in its affairs. That reso- lution represents a valid frame of reference for the solution of the problem of Cyprus. It is precisely that framework that must be preserved, because any change may give rise to new factors that can render the implementation of those principles more difficult.
84. In conclusion, ihe Norwegian Government feel encouraged by the declared intention of the Sec retary-General to renew his efforts to revitalize th intercommunal talks. My Government urges all partie concerned to lend their unqualified support to th Secretary-General in these efforts.
Mr. President, I would like to congratulate you most sincerely Oil the fact that you are once again presiding over our deliberations I would also like to express my sincere hope that thi resumed session of the General Assembly will achiev genuine progress in the task of implementing th objectives and principles for which the United Nation was created.
86. Since 1963, the United Nations~ in particula the General Assembly and th~ Security Council, ha beel} dealing with the question of Cyprus, a critica situation resulting from the dispute between t~e Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities, in whic the Governments of Greece and Turkey are also in volved.
87. The Cyprus conflict is not new. It goes furthe back in time than the very existence of the Unite Nations. It is one of those cases characteristic o .human nature and the survival of religious creeds.
88. The Republic of Cyprus, as a full State Membe of the United Nations and a member of the Movemen of Non-Aligned Countries, has a right to full sover eignty without any foreigb interference. None the less and more than any other consideration, the fact tha foreign troops remain, in violation of the territoria hltegrity, sovereignty and independence of Cyprus constitutes, in our view, a disrupting factor, unde the pressure of which it is difficult for negotiation to take place on an equal footing and in a free manner.
89. At its twenty-ninth session, following th events of 1974, the General Assembly, in resolutio 3212 (XXIX), affirmed the basic principles of respec of States for the sovereignty, imlependence and ter ritorial integrity of Cyprus, and the obligation t refrain from any interference in its affairs. That reso lution represents a valid frame of reference for th solution of the problem of Cyprus. It is precisel that framework that must be preserved, because an change may give rise to new factors that can rende the implementation of those principles more difficult
102. Lastly, the delegation of the lic considers that the solution of be found within the framework o lutions of the United Nations.
The delegation of its best wishes to you Mr. Pres again assume the presidency of th of the G(;neral Assembly. Your ex prestige guarantee that the work o successful.
102. Lastly, the delegation of the Dominican Repub- lic considers that the solution of ,he problem should be found within the framework of th~ relevant reso- lutions of the United Nations.
The delegation of Ecuador expresses its best wishes to you Mr. President, as you once again assume the presidency of this resumed session of the Gt-neral Assembly. Your experience, skills and prestige guarantee that the work of this session will be successful.
104. The pmblem being consid Assembly is of serious concern t it nnvolves principles which are at of Ecuador's international policy and consistently maintained, for observance Ecuador has spoken in regional and world bodies. 105. Those principles are, in par sovereign equality of States, rejec use of force in international relatio of territorial conquest achieved force, and the peaceful settlem corollary of those positions is ou for any action by the internationa at achieving the withdrawal of f territories that do not belong to listing the cases in which such a wi during debates in the United Natio the case of Cyptus among the othe and Lebanon, that exist in other p
104. The pmblem being considered today in the Assembly is of serious concern to Ecuador because it nnvolves principles which are at the very foundation of Ecuador's international policy-principles strictly and consistently maintained, for whose respect and observance Ecuador has spoken in different forums of regional and world bodies.
105. Those principles are, in particular, those of the sovereign equality of States, reject~Qn of the threat or use of force in international relations, non-recognition of territorial conquest achieved through the use of force, and the peaceful settlement of disputes. A corollary of those positions is our continued support for any action by the international community aimed at achieving the withdrawal of foreign forces from territories that do not belong to them. Ecuador, in listing the cases in which such a withdrawal is required during debates in the United Nations, has always cited the case of Cyptus among the others, such as Namibia and Lebanon, that exist in other parts of the world.
106. The General Assembly and t have adopted a large number of question aimed at achieving a just not only for the benefit of the a;so to eliminate the conflict which danger for the peace and secur Mediterranean. But, unfortunatel have not been implemented, an why the violation of the sovereig Member of the United Nations country believes that until certai met, this crisis, which so seriously population, will go on. These p respect for the independence, s ritorial integrity of Cyprus, the im ofany foreign military presence on interference in the internal affairs
106. The General Assembly and the Security Council have adopted a large number of resolutions on this question aimed at achieving a just and lasting solution not only for the benefit of the Cypriot people but a;so to eliminate the conflict which involves imminent danger for the peace and security of the eastern Mediterranean. But, unfortunately, those resolutions have not been implemented, and this is precisely why the violation of the sovereign rights of a State Member of the United Nations has continued. My country believes that until certain prerequisites are met, this crisis, which so seriously affects the Cypriot population, will go on. These prerequisites include respect for the independence, sovereignty and ter- ritorial integrity of Cyprus, the immediate withdrawal ofany foreign military presence on the island and non- interference in the internal affairs of that State, as this
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tries~ held at New Delhi from 7 to 12 March 1983, reiterated its full solidarity with the people and Govern- ment of Cyprus and reaffirmed its respect for the independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, unity and non-alignment of that State. 109. Since 1960, when the Republic of Cyprus was created, Ecuador, also a democratic country, has expressed its solidarity with it. The report ofthe United Nations Mediator on Cyprus, of 26 March 1965,6 pointed out the criteria, fully shared by Ecuador, that a solution should be found to the Cypriot problem based on justice and on the interests of the in- habitants of that friendly country as a result of talks between the two communities that constitute the popu- lation of the island, .without the pressure of foreign intervention and under the auspices of the United Nations. There can be no free discussions on the destiny of a people, even where different communi- ties are concerned, while foreign troops are present on the territory. 110. Ecuador will resolutely support any draft reso- lution based on the above-mentioned principles, as i! has done in keeping with the clear and well-defined position that it has' maintained and continues to maintain on the problem of Cyprus. Ill. On behalf of my delegation, I would like to commend the intelligent and tireless work of the Secretary-General and his Special Representative, Mr. Hugo Gobbi, in the search for a solution to this problem.
:he or on of A ort led om in red ted bia I.
tries~ held at New Delhi from 7 to i2 March 1983, reiterated its full solidarity with the people and Govern- ment of Cyprus and reaffirmed its respect for the independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, unity and non-alignment of that State. 109. Since 1960, when the Republic of Cyprus was created, Ecuador, also a democratic country, has expressed its solidarity with it. The report ofthe United Nations Mediator on Cyprus, of 26 March 1965,6 pointed out the criteria, fully shared by Ecuador, that a solution should be found to the Cypriot problem based on justice and on the interests of the in- habitants of that friendly country as a result of talks between the two communities that constitute the popu- lation of the island, .without the pressure of foreign intervention and under the auspices of the United Nations. There can be no free discussions on the destiny of a people, even where different communi- ties are concerned, while foreign troops are present on the territory. 110. Ecuador will resolutely support any draft reso- lution based on the above-mentioned principles, as i! has done in keeping with the clear and well-defined position that it has' maintained and continues to maintain on the problem of Cyprus.
lcil :his ion but ent ern ons lely tate My are riot ude ter- wal lon- this
112. I also wish to underscore the significant role which has been played by UNFICYP for almost - 20 years, not only in maintaining tranquillity in the
111. On behalf of my delegation, I would like to commend the intelligent and tireless work of the Secretary-General and his Special Representative, Mr. Hugo Gobbi, in the search for a solution to this problem.
112. I also wish to underscore the significant role which has been played by UNFICYP for almost - 20 years, not only in maintaining tranquillity in the
117. The Assembly must condemn the actions attitude of Turkey and its insensitivity to the suffe of the people of Cyprus, as displayed during the i communal negotiations. Zimbabwe cannot accept attempt to legalize what is illegitimate.
118. The Government of Zimbabwe believes in inviolability and sacredness of internationally re nized national borders and firmly supports s observance of, and respect for, the principles o territorial integrity and sovereign independenc Member States as enshrined in the Charter of United Nations. We are, therefore, deeply conce at the thr:eat to Cyprus's sovereign independe
117. The Assembly must condemn the actions and attitude of Turkey and its insensitivity to the suffering of the people of Cyprus, as displayed during the inter- communal negotiations. Zimbabwe cannot accept any attempt to legalize what is illegitimate.
118. The Government of Zimbabwe believes in the inviolability and sacredness of internationally recog- nized national borders and firmly supports strict observance of, and respect for, the principles of the territorial integrity and sovereign independence of Member States as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations. We are, therefore, deeply concerned at the thr:eat to Cyprus's sovereign independence,
plian~e by Turkey with United Nations resolutions and the declarations of the Movement of Non-~.\ligned Countries as the best means of restoring peace, har- mony and co-operation among all Cypriots, whatever their origin.
119. Finally, the Government of Zimbabwe fully supports the call for the total demilitarization of Cyprus, as proposed by that country's President at the Assembly's· tenth special session [ibid.], since we are confident that, left to themselves, the people of Cyprus will be able to find solutions to their own problems. We wish, however, to caU upon the United Nations to take all the necessary measures to ensure Cyprus's non-aligned status, sovereign independence and territorial integrity against external threats and aggression.
The Syrian Arab Republic has the greatest hopes for a comprehensive and just solution of the problem of Cyprus. At the Seventh Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at New Delhi in March 1983, the President of the Syrian Arab Republic, 1n reviewing questions of international importance, stated:
H A neighbour country of ours, Cyprus, is still suffering from the fact that it is the victim of a partition, which has caused severe hardship to thousands of its citizens. We favour a peaceful solution which would restore the unity of Cyprus and enable its people to regain their national unity and complete independence and to live in peace in their island, in co-operation with their neighbours, while maintaining the non-aligned status of their country. We favour negotj~tions between rep- resentatives of the two Cypriot communities under the auspices of the Secretary-General, in accord- ance with United Nations resolutions."
H A neighbour country of ours, Cyprus, is still suffering from the fact that it is the victim of a partition, which has caused severe hardship to thousands of its citizens. We favour a peaceful solution which would restore the unity of Cyprus and enable its people to regain their national unity and complete independence and to live in peace in their island, in co-operation with their neighbours, while maintaining the non-aligned status of their country. We favour negotiqtions between rep- resentatives of the two Cypriot communities under the auspices of the Secretary-General, in accord- ance with United Nations resolutions."
121. The interest consistently shown by the Syrian Arab Republic in the question of Cyprus, whether within the framework of the United Nations or outside the Organization, derives from its commitment to the Charter of the United Nations and to the objectives of the principle of non-alignment. That interest is also explained by the fears of the Syrian Arab Republic that prolongation of the conflict might give rise to heightened tension in the region of the eastern Mediterranean. 122. The strategic geographic location of the island of Cyprus and its proximity to the shores of the Syrian Arab Republic underline the anxiety that we feel particularly in Syria and in the region generally.
121. The interest consistently shown by the Syrian Arab Republic in the question of Cyprus, whether within the framework of the United Nations or outside the Organization, derives from its commitment to the Charter of the United Nations and to the objectives of the principle of non-alignment. That interest is also explained by the fears of the Syrian Arab Republic that prolongation of the conflict might give rise to heightened tension in the region of the eastern Mediterranean.
123. It snould be remembered that, more than once in the past, military bases on Cyprus have been used for the dispatch of aircraft and ships for invasion and aggresssion against the Arab homeland~ as was the case in 1956 and 1967. The Arab people have the highest esteem for the people of Cyprus and will never forget the opposition of both communities to the continued use of the territory of Cyprus as a
122. The strategic geographic location of the island of Cyprus and its proximity to the shores of the Syrian Arab Republic underline the anxiety that we feel particularly in Syria and in the region generally.
123. It should be remembered that, more than once in the past, military bases on Cyprus have been used for the dispatch of aircraft and ships for invasion and aggresssion against the Arab homeland~ as was the case in 1956 and 1967. The Arab people have the highest esteem for the people of Cyprus and will never forget the opposition of both communities to the continued use of the territory of Cyprus as a
Isid- :yof and lship :gion :t on rises I\rab It the f the reso- fthe May ,·r. J] , times d. In mged lntive , out-
d the mim- 'ame- . By :mbly mity, ot of n this :s the nities ignty, md of
~ntion prus. of the 3212 Feb- tween )gress been
138. Today, almost a decade after the beginning of that grave situation, the effectiveness and prestige of the United Nations in its efforts to induce States to contribute to improving the world in which we must live are once again put to the test.
egoti- ion of )f the Id the
process~ as he states in his report [ibid.]. We trust that he will be able to encourage the two parties to devise a global formula covering the remaining issues. However, it is a matter of great regret for us that the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus has been unable to carry out its work despite its untiring efforts, ,as noted by the Secretary-General in his report.
139. M:y delegation has supported the quest for a peaceful solution to the question of Cyprus. It sup- ported General Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX), which called upon all States to respect the sover- eignty, independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus and to refrain from all acts and intervention directed against it. As a member of the Security Council in that year, we also resolutely supported Security Council resolution 365 (1974), in which the Council endorsed Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX).
lopted lorsed ), and a just
134. Let me conclude by saying that there is a nf. d for an atmosphere of mutual· trust to dis~' 1 any distrust that may exist between the two communities, an atmosphere free from foreign interference what- - ever its purpose may be, so that the genuine trust,
inter- and
140. Costa Rica, in human solidarity, has supported the different initiatives taken in connection with the tragedy of missing persons in Cyprus, including co- sponsoring the draft resolution which became reso- lution 37/181. In this connection, my delegation is concerned by the statement in the Secretary-General's
138. Today, almost a decade after the beginn that grave situation, the effectiveness and prest the United Nations in its efforts to induce Sta contribute to improving the world in which we live are once again put to the test.
139. ~4fy delegation has supported the quest peaceful solution to the question of Cyprus. I ported General Assembly resolution 3212 (X which called upon all States to respect the eignty, independence and territorial integrity Republic of Cyprus and to refrain from all ac intervention directed against it. As a member Security Council in that year, we also reso supported Security Council resolution 365 (197 which the Council endorsed Assembly resolutio (XXIX).
140. Costa Rica, in human solidarity, has sup the different initiatives taken in connection wi tragedy of missing persons in Cyprus, includin sponsoring the draft resolution which became lution 37/181. In this connection, my delegat concerned by the statement in the Secretary-Gen
147. I would also like to convey our deep appreci- ation to the distinguished members of the Contact Group Qf the non-aligned countries for their untiring efforts and ceaseless endeavour. 148. Bangladesh's position on the Cyprus question has been firm and unequivocal. We have consistently supported the independence, territorial integrity, sovereignty and non-aligned status of Cyprus. We are acutely conscious of the genesis of the present prob- lem and hence have always advocated an early,
147. I would also like to convey our deep appreci- ation to the distinguished members of the Contact Group Qf the non-aligned countries for their untiring efforts and ceaseless endeavour.
148. Bangladesh's position on the Cyprus question has been firm and unequivocal. We have consistently supported the independence, territorial integrity, sovereignty and non-aligned status of Cyprus. We are acutely conscious of the genesis of the present prob- lem and hence have always advocated an early,
muna~ talks between the Tu communities have made We would urge both the co meaningful discussions and ously to the aim of reachin agreement which would e honour and dignity within federated Cyprus where t communities are fully prote 151. Our position on this is the views expressed by most recently in his report of Security Council', in which communal talks still represent of pursuing a concrete an process with the object of ac and lasting settlement of the C 152. Taking into considerat of the negotiations between t would have been more prude question of Cyprus disoussed session of the General Asse matter is before us for consid lution on this issue has been express our views on it. We f A/37/L.63 is not a balanced o take into consideration the situ \tself in before 1974. It was th its independence and its non- would most seriously have pla community in perpetual subju 153. We are convinced tha ensures the determination of t of the two communities on a found for ensuring the indepe territorial integrity of Cyprus the importance of the commu efforts that the Secretary-Ge
tal talks :atement
~tate or at New ~mment,
Itercom- :Cypriot so far. ngage i!1 ves sen- :ceptable live in Irk of a ooth the
rms with ·General, 182 to the the inter- )le means
i~ation): On behalf of the Palestine Liberation Organ- ization [PLO], I would like to express to you~ Sir, our deep appreciation and gratitude for your out- standing personal role as President of the General Assembly in msponding to the suffering ofour people. You, your Government and your people have taken a courageous and noble position, based on principle, and have truly worked for peace based on justice and freedom for the oppressed Palestinian people. You have taken a leading role as President of the General Assembly, and so it has been written with admiration and respect in the annals of Palestinian history. 158. On behalf of the PLO and the Palestinian people, I extend to the Government and people of Cyprus our appreciation for their unswerving support of the Palestinian cause. In our greatest hour of need, as we were besieged in West Beirut, the Palestinian people received aid and assistance from the people of Cyprus. Medical supplies came through Cyprus. The wounded were evacuated through Cyprus. Our free- dom fighters were warmly received in Cyprus. When others turned their backs on t!le' suffering and war- battered Palestinian people, this small island, Cyprus, in spite of its grave problems, shared and carried the burdens and suffering of our Palestinian cause. Today, the Palestine cultural and information officers work out of Cyprus. Our Palestinian culture and heritage live today in Cyprus. 159. The peoples of Palestine and Cyprus share a . similar colonial legacy. Both were subjected to British military occupation and colonialism. Both have strug- gled and sacrificed for theirfreedom and independence. Both have experienced the bitter fruits of war, par- tition and foreign domination. Yet our peoples have - never ceased to yearn for and aspire to a future based
~gotiating ·eed, just
11.
te nature unities, it
~ had the resumed :r, as the Iraft reso-
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on which Ispirations g must be
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~mphasize upport the ng in this
161. On 7 October 1975, addressing th session of the General Assembly, Presiden said:
"The position of my country on this is any sound settlement should be based on drawal of the Israeli troops from all the occupied since 1967 and the respect of th rights of the Palestinian people. Under n stances can the acquisition of territorie be condoned or military occupation be creating any rights... The situation rem and, if no comprehensive and just solutio in the near future, there is a serious conflagration with incalculable reperc [2378th meeting, para. 13.]
161. On 7 October 1975, addressing the thirtieth session of the General Assembly, President Makarios said:
"The position of my country on this issue is that any sound settlement should be based on the with-. drawal of the Israeli troops from all the territor:es occupied since 1967 and the respect of the national rights of the Palestinian people. Under no circum- stances can the acquisition of territories by force be condoned or military occupation be taken as creating any rights... The situation remains grave and, if no comprehensive and just solution is fouad in the near future, there is a serious danger of conflagration with incalculable repercussions." [2378th meeting, para. 13.]
162. While yearning for the attainment of freedom and independence, the Palestinian p support th~ inalienable right of Cyprus to independence, and also to the peaceful coex peoples of different religions. The Palestini too, yearn for a sec·ular society in Palesti Jews, Christians and Muslims can live tog equal rights and in dignity. Hence our s the right of Cyprus and Cypriots of all rel ethnic groups to coexist with full and equal in dignity. The artificial seeds of sectarian conflict, sown and nurtured by our forme masters, must and will be eradicated. Peace rity for all peoples on the basis of our tolerance as regards traditions and culture instituted and will flourish once again.
162. While yearning for the attainment of their own freedom and independence, the Palestinian people fully support th~ inalienable right of Cyprus to unity and independence, and also to the peaceful coexistence of peoples of different religions. The Palestinian people, too, yearn for a sec·ular society in Palestine, where Jews, Christians and Muslims can live together with equal rights and in dignity. Hence our support for the right of Cyprus and Cypriots of all religions arid ethnic groups to coexist with full and equal rights and in dignity. The artificial seeds of sectarian and tribal conflict, sown and nurtured by our former colonial masters, must and will be eradicated. Peace and secu- rity for all peoples on the basis of our historical tolerance as regards traditions and culture will be re- instituted and will flourish once again.
163. Western imperialist Powers, in part United States, seek to dominate the M through the establishment of military ba region. We reject this military domination the United States to get out ofour region, to military forces, to remove its weapons of struction and suffering. The region must be the threat of United States intervention an domination. Our region must be free of tho so that we may rebuild our war-tom soc work towards and enjoy peace.
163. Western imperialist Powers, in particular the United States, seek to dominate the Middle East through the establishment of military bases in the region. We reject this military domination. We want the United States to get out ofour region, to remove its military forces, to remove its weapons of mass de- struction and suffering. The region must be free from the threat of United States intervention and military domination. Our region must be free of those threats so that we may rebuild our war-tom societies and work towards and enjoy peace.
164. Cyprus should be an oasis ofpeace an It should be an island of stability. It shou used by imperialist and colonial Powers f domination and occupation and intervent Middle East. This was precisely the mess spiritual and national leader, Archbishop and in these troubled times of conflict and member his words:
164. Cyprus should be an oasis ofpeace and freedom. It should be an island of stability. It should not be used by imperialist and colonial Powers for military domination and occupation and intervention in the Middle East. This was precisely the message of its spiritual and national leader, Archbishop Makarios, and in these troubled times of conflict and war we re- member his words: NOTES 2 Ibid., Thirty..,/lJurth Year, Supplement for April, MtlY ,md June 1979, document S/I;,369 and Add.l, para. SI. 3 Ibid., Thirty-eighth Year, Supplement for January, Fehmar)' cmd March 1983, document S/1SSS6, annex, sect. IV. 4 A/38/132, annex. ~/1I46S. o Ibid.. Twentieth Year, Suppiem"rf jor January, Febrtlllry tmd March 1965, document S/6253. 7 Ibid.• Thirty-uventh Yetlr, Supplement for October, NOl'ember cmd December 1982, document S/15502 and Add.1.
The meeting rose at 5.40 p.m.