A/38/PV.22 General Assembly

The General Assembly will now hear a statement by the Honourable TofJ1au Eti Alesana, Prime Minister and Minister of Finance ofthe Independent State of Western Samoa. I have great pleasure in welcoming him and inviting him to address the Assembly. 2. Mr. ALES&~A(Samoa): Mr. President, my dele- gation extends its congratulations to you on your election to your high office. We feel sure that under your guidance the burdens of this session will seem lighter. 3. We would like to pay a tribute to Mr. Imre Hollai for the patience and skill with which he conducted the thirty-seventh session of the General Assembly. 4. We are also grateful to the Secretary-General for his untiring devotion to his duties and his dedicatiolll to the aims and principles ofthe United Nations. His vision and his unflagging determination to set the Organization on the right course are an inspiration to us. Indeed, we feel that his warnings, which are pertinent and entirely appro- priate, must be heeded. 5. We are very pleased to welcome our newest United Nations neighbour, Saint Christopher and Nevis, into this forum. We are always delighted to have other Smt,~,1 island developing countries like ourselves join us here, and we look forward to working with its delegation both here and in other'forums, including those of ~h€; Commonwealth. 6. We hope that it may not be too much longer before we are also able to welcome a new regional neighbour, should this be its wish; I speak of New Caledonia. We are encouraged by the French Government's intention to move the Territory to an act of self-determination and we, along with the other members of the South Pacific Forum, are anxious to see progress achieved in accord- ance with the wishes of the people of New Caledonia. We feel that the peaceful movement of New Caledonia towards the achievement of her people's aspirations will help maintain the peace and stability we enjoy in our region. 7. Not that far from our shores, however, in the South and South-East Asian regions, two serious threats to the stability ofthe entire region continue to endanger peace. In Kampuchea the Vietnamese occupaltion is in its fifth year, and armed conflict within that country and along its borders continues. We are deeply concerned for the people ofKampuchea, both those within the borders, who have suffered so long from various forms of persecution and domination, and those who have fled the horrors and are now refugees. We support the efforts of the Associ- ation of South-East Asian Nations [ASEAN) to achieve an international solution to this problem with the removal NEW YORK ofall foreign forces and the coming together ofall parties at the negotiating table 50 that the wishes of the people themselves may finally be taken into account. 8. In Afghanistan, the withdrawal of foreign forces is also an essential lust step on the road to a solution. Here too our chief concern is for the people of Afghanistan, many of whom have been uprooted or made homeless, adding to the world's refugee population and placing a great burden on the countries to which these poor souls have fled. We applaud the Secretary-General's continuing efforts towards a negotiated settlement and are pleased that he feels encouraged in his efforts and hopeful that progress is possible. 9. We are pleased that there are some glimmers ofhope on the world's horizons at a time when there is a tendency to pessimism regarding international relations and the role of the United Nations in them. We must not give in or let our efforts waver, but embrace hope and determine to make greater efforts. This Organization, in its unique- ness, has a great responsibility to the peoples ofthe world. It is entrusted by them to deal with problems, however difficult they may be, in the most calm and rational manner possible. We must not therefore engage in empty rhetoric, sidestep vital issues, playgames ofstrategy and carry out other unproductive activities which only waste our time, or perhaps that of the world itself. We have so manyurgentproblems facing us that practicalproblem- solving is the only course left to us. 10. The Secretary-General's recent trip to southern Africa has encouraged us to hope that the long-sought independence of Namibia may not be too far off. Sub- stutial practiccl progress has been made regarding the independence process, and virtually all outstanding issues reg..~ding the macbltnery to implement the United Nations plan have been resolved. What is now required is the politica' will on the part of South Africa, and this entails dropping the linkage of Cuban troop withdrawal from Angola with Namibian in,1ependence. We are anxious to see the pec.\ple of Namibia have their day at the United Nations, h~ve supervised ~lections and fmally achieve their aspiratioi:So '.Ve feel that efforts cannot be relaxed but must in fact be doubled until a date is set for this. 11. South Africa continues to defy the world with its apartheid policies. These gross injustices and this denial of human rights and dignity cannot be allowed. South Africa must be made to see that it cannot continue to deny the basic principles of human decency. 12. The Middle East tragically still demands our atten- tion; indeed, its problems consume a good deal of the Organization's time and have done so since its inception. Here it is imperative that rationality should prevail and that all parties to this dispute should eschew bitterness and retaliation and take positive and practical steps to a comprehensive solution. United Nations guidelines are clear: Israel has a right to exist, but so do the Palestinians have rights, and a homeland must be considered one of them. The Jewish people suffered hard and Jong in their quest for a homeland. So who should understand better than they the longing and desperation of another people for theirs and not begrudge it to them? Eq!lally, however, n~iglhbours whol qhu8!redi~ must realize that th~ir resortnlto reality is clear. The well-being of both developed and VIO ence to sett e t err sputes causes suffenng not 0 y developing countries is inextricably linked. It is interesting to their own peoples but often to others in the vicinity. to note that the developing coun.tries receive 40 per cent None of us are alone-even the most isolated of us~ of all United States exports~ "Nbile the industrialized and we must a.ccept the fact that the we!fare ofthe entire countries, in the communique issued after their summit world, in all its ecological fragility and with the vul·· meeting at Williamsburg in May 1983, acknowledged that nerability of its peoples, is the responsibility of every the weight of the recession had fallen heavily on devel- Government. oping countries, they suggested no new solutions to the 15. In the light of that, our concern continues over the third world's problems. There were commitments to stop effects of nuclear testing in the Pacific. The South Pacific protectionism and to work toward a greater convergence Forum, at its recent regional meeting, reiterated its strong ofeconomic performance and affirmation ofthe obliga- opposition to nuclear testing and proposals for storing tion of the industrialized countries to fund the Interna- and dumping nuclear waste materials in the Pacific. tional Development Association. While these goals are Though we welcome the French Government's deeision all admirable in themselves, they are nevertheless piece- to invite scientists from the region to visit and assess the meal measures. The global economic crisis requires, as situation. at the testing sites at Mururoa Atoll, we are called for by the sixth session of the United Nations afraid that much irreversible damage may hcwe already Conference on Trade and Development, a programme been done to the environment to which we turn for most of concerted measures for reactivating the global econ- of our needs and that future generations may suffer omy and for accelerated and substantial growth in the effects of which we are not as yet even aware. The com- developing countries. There was a consensus of all coun- prehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty therefore seems to us tries present-with the exception of one-that this was an essential tool for the survival of our species. We note essential. that there have been over 1300test detonations since 1945, 20. It is therefore almost universally recognized that the and we ask the question: why should we and others with development process must not be allowed to grind to a no in!ere.st inf nili~cle?ar-weapon superiority suffer for this complete halt, a prospect too real in recent times, and exercise In ut ty. while it is apparent, too, that a higher level of !'"owth 16. This points up again our inescapable interdepen- is required in the industrialized countries, it is also clear dence and the ~oncern one must have for the welfare of that these two aims are complementary. It is once agmn all on this Earth if we are ultimately to survive. We may essential that the world work together. Unilateral action, once have felt safe and secure in isolation but this is no as the Secretary-General points out in his report on the longer the case, and disarmament, even for countries with work of the Organization [A/38/1], without regard for ~;.de;::::::':::~:"':':::. ==;~he ~..1= ~~ ::'~rIt:c:::.~::~~~tfo~~ afurther nuclear arms race, is quite pointless. Werealize. ;. "\wever, 21. It is a source ofsome sadness to us that though the t~at for any practical progress to be made in diso:"l ..ament developing countries h~ve shown flexibility and a will- ~will~~must be~~hi1~t~ sm~U stePhs which the major Powers ingness to compromise in the interests of a constructive accept. w e tne cumate. as not been promising for and practical approach to the global negotiations to try progress, we are pleased to see that some small headway to meet the COllcerns of the developed countries, a cor- gratulate you on your election to the high post of Presi- dent ofthe thirty-eighth session of the General Assembly and wish you every success in this responsible work. 26. The Mongolian delegation expresses its deep grati- tude to Mr. Imre Hollai for the skilful and successful manner in which he guided the work of the last session. 27. The Mongolian People's Republic welcomes Saint Christopher and Nevis to membership of the United Nations and wishes that country every success in. its independent development. 28. At the present session the General Assembly is once again facing the acute cardinal issues of the present day which require positive solutions. Among them the prob- lem of preserving and strengthening world peace and. security takes top priority. The threat of nuclear holo- caust is not only not receding, but the reverse trend is in fact being maintained. The arms race is escalating still further and is about to reach the point of no return. The peoples of the world are deeply alarmed at these devel- opments. Much is expected from this world forum in easing international political tension and adopting effec- tive measures to facilitate, above all, military detente. 29. It is imperative that a reliable barrier be erected against the slide towards the nuclear abyss. The Mongo- lian delegation, like many others, trusts that the work of this session will be permeated precisely with this spirit of the main requirement of this critical juncture. In this connection I should like to emphasize the urgent need for combining the efforts of all forces advocating peace, democracy and social progress in the interests ofpreaerv- ing life on Earth. 30. The causes of the continued aggravation of the internatIonal atmosphere lie in the aggressive policy of imperialism, which runs counter to the interests and aspirations of all peoples. At present, progressive man- kind is facing a most dangerous recurrence of such a l.~ocialist world. It is our hope that common sense and realism will ultimately prevail and that the Soviet-Amer- ican talks will yield the desired results. 45. The Government of the Mongolian People's Repub- lic welcomes and supports the new Soviet initiatives submitted to the current session aimed at halting the arms race, in particular the nuclear arms race, achieving dis- armament and strengthening trust between States. 46. The adoption by the General Assembly of the draft declaration on the condemnation of nuclear war proposed by the Soviet Union Jsee A/38/243] would be an act of paramount political SIgnificance, mobilizing world public opinion against those that are hatching plots to use nuclear weapons first. 47. A quantitative and qualitative freeze of nuclear weapons, as proposed by the Soviet Union, would create the most favourable conditions for taking practical meas- ures in the field of nuclear disarmament. 48. The militarization of outer space would be the most dangerous stage of the arms race, fraught as it would be with the most unpredictable consequences for mankind. The Soviet Union's new proposal for the conclusion of I its militaristic policy. The doctrine of so-called limited nuclear war is t.~~ing given a real Asian dimension by actions to deploy American nuclear missiles in certain parts of the continent. The situation has been further aggravated by the fact that, as a result of the continuing interference by the imperialists and their accomplices in the affairs of Asian peoples, no positive solution has been found for the existing explosive situations and acute problems. SS. This applies first and foremost to the situation in the Middle East where the United States, by encouraging Israeli aggression in every possible way, is striving to impose its imperial order. It is embarking upon a direct military adventure and involving its NATO allies. These activities are in fact leading to the partition of Lebanon, turning parts of its territory into a springboard for inter- vention against Syria and the progressive forces of the region. The current developments in Lebanon once again confirm the complete bankruptcy of half-way policies and separate deals in solving the existing problems and testify to the imperative need for the immediate withdrawal of the troops of the aggressors from the country. 56. Mongolia has consistently supported a comprehen- sive settlement for the Middle East problem. We consider that this can be facilitated by convening an intema" tional conference with the participation of all interested parties, including the Palestine Liberation Organization [PLO], the sole legitimate representative of the Arab pe0ple of Palestine. The Mongolian People's Republic fully supports the Geneva Declaration on Palestine 1 and W tween the Leb,mese Government and Israel with a view to achieving the withdrawal of Israeli forces. 109. The critical situation in Lebanol\, which is a con- sequence of the Israeli invasion, has compelled that 11~. The Gulf region is thr~atened by an unprecedent- edly large oil slick, which continues to grow. It is created by the daily flow of thousands of barrels of oil from the Nayruz oil field in Iran, and it poses unimaginable envi- ronmental risks and jeopardizes marine life in the Gulf region. Furthermore, the safety of navigation is threat- ened by the mines floating in the Gulf. 113. All political efforts to remedy the situation have been frustrated because ofthe fierce war raging between these two Moslem neighbours, Iran and Iraq. The dire consequences of this destructive war, which we feel is absolutely senseless, are felt by the entire region. The repeated threats to close the Strait of Hormuz and to interrupt maritime traffic in the Gulf will lead to our region becoming an arena for direct confrontation be- tween the super-Powers. 114. The continued war between Iraq and Iran has proved a serious drain on the human and material re- , sources of those two countries. Already, thousands of their people have been killed in this war and immense sums of money have been wasted. Moreover, the war has not merely had serious consequences for the economies of these two States but has actually set back their devel- opment severely. 115. For their own benefit the two countries should exercise wisdom and restraint in order to overcome all the obstacles preventing them from putting an end to this destructive, futile war and should use their resources for the good of their peoples instead of wasting them so recklessly. 11'6. Therefore. the Sultanate of Oman urges the Iranian Government to follow the example of Iraq by responding to the appealf, and peaceful initiatives ofthe Organization of the Islamic Conference, the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries, the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Gulf Co-operation Council designed to bring peace and security to the whole region. 117. Almost four years have passed since the Soviet Union militarily occupied Afghanistan in violation of all international norms and laws and of its legal commit- ments under the Charter of the United Nations. The loss of life, destruction and displacement caused by that occupation have affected the majority of the Afghan people and many of them have been made homeless, quite apart from having been deprived of all their internation- ally recognized rights. 118. At the time of the invasion, the international community was quick to denounce this flagrant Soviet eXPhresCses itsdsuPPG0rt for istan and the exercise by the Afghan people oftheir basic tee lortS now emg ma e y t e onta ora roup, right to freedom, independence and the free choice of which calls for common dialogue among those States of their own path towards the building of an independent, the region which are in conflict in order to arrive at a peaceful settlement of their disputes. non-aligned State. At the same time, peace in Afghanistan will ensure security, stability and co-operation among 130. The Sultanate ofOman views with mounting con- neighbouring States. cern the escalating tension in the Indian Ocean area as 121. Oman shares common aspirations and hopes with a result of the rivalry between the two super-Powers. The results of such strife are particularly clear in the case of the African continent, which is seeking a solution to the the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan, which poses a explosive situation in South Africa. Oman condemns apartheid, the universally deplored policy being carried direct threat to the sovereignty and independence of the out by the Government ofSouth Africa. We look forward littoral and hinterland States of the Indian Ocean, in to the day when the people of Namibia will be able to Pg:~~~~ar, and to international peace and security in exercise fully its right to self-determination and inde- pendence. We hope that the efforts of the group of 131. The deterioration of the security situation in our Western States which is engaged in talks on this question area is a result of non-compliance with General Assembly will, against all the odds, be brought to a successful resolution 2832 (XXVI), entitled "Declaration of the conclusion. Indian Ocean as a zone of peace" , and all other relevant 122. Oman calls on the international community to resolutions. make further efforts to ensure the; fulfilment of the 132. Our delegation has placed great hopes in the work aspirations of the African peoples to independence and of the AdHoc Committee on the Indian Ocean; however, liberty, and to oppose all attempts by foreign Powers to our hopes have diminished with each successive session intervene in their interncl affairs or to drag them into their because the Committee is paralysed by differences existing spheres of influence. between two of its members. This situation has prevented 123. 111 this regard, we view with grave concern the the implementation of several General Assembly resolu- critical situation in the Horn of Africa, which has come tions on the convening of the Conference on the Indian about as a result of military adventurism on the part of Ocean, which was originally to be held at Colombo f, • in 1981. various orclgn Powers, both large and small. We demand that these acts ofintervention in the affairs of the region 133. In spite of the obstacles facing the work oftheAd be stopped immediately, to prevent its falling victim to Hoc Committee, we hope that all delegations will disp~ay expansionist attempts by foreign Powers to dominate the political resolve necessary to overcome present dif- African States and exploit them politically, economically ferences and to work together closely to implement Gen- and militarily. eral Assembly resolution 37/96, which calls for the con- 124. Kampul:hea, like Afghanistan, remains under the vening of the Conference not later than the first balf of yoke of a foreign Power, namely, the Vietnamese army 1984, which will be the flfst phase of the implementation supported by the Soviet Union, in spite ofvarious General of the Declaration of the Indian Ocean as a Zone of Assemh!v resolutions on this subject and other interna- Peace. tional c~peals. Since Viet Nam chose to ignore all those i34. Our world faces the very real danger of a nuclear appeals, as well as international laws and norms and the war which would result in complete annihilation. Accord- principles of the Charter when it decided to resort to the ing to available statistics, the nuclear arsenals of the use of force to invade and occupy Kampuchea, the seeu- super-Powers contain enough nuclear weaponsto destroy rity and political situation in South-East Asia has con- the world 10 times over. This makes it even more im- :s:e~:::,i0:Jr=::c:te::""~~ls.:,.,.=a=~=eszu=:=t=~s::c=t::::~:::'~~''2~~~:f::.~~,m~:~a~b~:'§:~;'li;~;);'~~1§.' iB_~£'~~~~~~!!,lt~~h~~~:!!li~§l.~l!ij0Sfijntfli::iiM:!!!Jje~iiIll~lI!h!jl~!lti!lall!!kI@SiI:!ftIi~Il!l~W!l!ll~1i!331l:.:Iil:.e.:I!.:I!!I~.0!l!WIII:I!S!ltI . exacerbation of several world political, economic and social crises and strenuous efforts by colonial and impe- rialist Powers to return to the o!d spheres of influence and to gain hegemony over new ones. Morecver, there has been an increasing sense of insecurity among nations ofthe world because of the policies adopted by the colo- nial Powers. These are based on gunboat diplomacy and the resulting creation of hotbeds of tension and interna- tional disputes. There is also the intensification ofcolonial military buildups with a view to using them in the service of colonialist States, thus destabilizing many regions in the world, and in acts of aggression perpetrated against independent countries in order to intimidate their peoples and prevent them from utilizing their resources in devel- opment and progress. 148. An assessment of events since the thirty-seventh session will undoubtedly explain why all international efforts and attempts to reach solutions for many of the current international issues have resulted in nothing but frustration. We have witnessed the persistence of old hotbeds of conflict and a steady rise in the level of ten- sion, th~ proliferation ofarmed conflicts and the ascend- ing influence of power concepts cherished by colonial forces. We have also witnessed a colonialist imperialist assault, led by th~ United States, against the sovereignty and independence of nations. The policy of muscle- flexing, fostered by American imperialism, particularly under the present Administration, has hecome more firmly established and its scope has been broadened to include the various regions of the globe. It is aimed at the security and sovereignty of States and peoples that 149. The Governments and peoples of Grenada and Cuba also face a similarly hostile policy from the United States. In addition, the United States Administration has set itself up as a guardian of the rights and the political, economic and social options of this region and, through armed force and immoral conspiracies, seeks to prevent the people of El Salvad'lr from eradicating despotic and fascist rule and establishing a free democratic regime. It is also by means of terrorism and force that the United States Administration enables client regimes to seize power, irrespective of opposition from their peoples. The ruling regimes of Chile, El Salvador and Guatemala are clear instances of this. 150. My country, the Socialist People'!} Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, has for its part suffered from American threats and intimidation in the form of direct aggression, economic pressure, acts of provocation and threats by the Sixth Fleet off the Libyan coast and near the Gulf of Sidra, repeated infringement of Libyan air space by military aircraft, spying by AWACS aircraft and military manoeuvres near our frontiers. Such acts are regarded not only as a violation of the territorial sovereignty of Libya and a threat to the security of the Libyan people, but also as a threat to the security of the States of the Mediterranean and Africa and a violation of the inter- national principles and laws which prohibit the use of force in international relations. My country has declared it will prevent any foreign Power from violating its terri- torial air space and waters in the Gulf of Sidra, and explicit orders have been given to our naval and air forces to shoot down any target breaching the sanctity of our territorial waters and skies. 151. This adventurist policy of the United States Ad- ministration against the Libyan people and other nations has been condemned by all countries in many interna- tional forums and has led to complications in the inter- national situation and the exacerbation of tensions endangering international peace and security. 152. The tactics of confrontation~the threats of aggres- sion and the economic pressure applied by American imperialism and its,colonialist and racist allies will not succeed in intimidating the peoples and will not stifle their legitimate aspirations to freedom, independence, the right to self-determination and a secure, peaceful existence. 153. The international community and the United Na- tions in particular bear a direct responsibility for curbing the United States Administration and denouncing the power-hungry policies it follows in terrorizing nations. My country, the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jama- hiriya, calls upon all countries, particularly those under the yoke of the terrorism of the United States policies, such as Nicaragua and Iran, to take every possible prac- tical step to expose the record ofAmerican terrorism and to suggest the appropriate means to counter it. To this end, we propose the following. 154. First, public symposiums and trials should be held to shed light on the terrorism ofAmerican policies, which contradict its frequently proclaimed desire to protect the free world. Thus it is pursuing a similar course to that which led to its involvement in the Viet Nam war. 162. Thirdly, the military and fmancial asSistal1~ being extended to the Zionist entity, particularly by the United States, and which is being used in the invasion of other countries, in murdering the innocent and in carrying out massacres such as occurred in Lebanon must be stopped. 163. Last year we cautioned the world that the so-called peace initiatives-which are in fact aimed at capitulation -would not succeed if they did not ensure recognition of the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people. Today, we reiterate that these rights are clear; they are acknowl- edged by the intemationai community in every forum. They are unequivocally defined as the restoration to the Palestinian people of its hom~land and the exercise of the right to self--determina~ionand to establish an inde- pendent State on the soil of Palestine, where Moslems q183.t. On tfh~ tbasist?f ialts profo~nd c<?ndv!C!i?bnl thaht tlhe this matter as long as the veto power continues to be used ues Ion 0 ID erna Ion peace IS an ID IVlSI e woe, against the struggle of the peoples and as an instrument the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya supports the just demands for consecrating despotism and monopoly and for over- of the countries of the Indian Ocean region that their riding the opinion of the majority. Abrogating the veto region be made a zone of peace, free of foreign bases and power or amending it so as to enable all the States mem- fleets. ' bers oftheSecurityCouncilto exerciseit would strengthen 184. My country also supports the legitimate aspirations the United Nations and restore the developing nations' of the Korean people to the peaceful reunification oftheir confidence in it. 189. The LibyanArab Jamahiriya will continue to press 199. Finally, my delegation would like to reiterate its congratulations again to the Secretary-General for the efforts he consistently makes on the five continents, continually devoting himself to the cause of peace and to the defence of the universal values of solidarity and friendship among the nations. These thanks are also extended to our colleagues and to all the staff of the Secretariat, including the interpretation service, with whose dynamism and dedication we are all familiar and which we very much appreciate. 200. In a world where only too often self-interest takes precedence over generosity, violence over dialogue, the effectiveness of an organization such as the United Na- tions must not be assessed or measured in mathematical terms. Today the international community faces many serious conflicts throughout the world. To ~ut an end to them we lack neither a proper legal basis, as constituted by the procedures for settling international disputes and the resolutions and appeals of the Organization for peace and understanding, nor the reiterated sincere and un- equivocal expressions of willingness to rally peoples to t"e ideals which unite them. ,,01. However, we must note that national, regional and ideological self-interest, cultural complexes, short-term concerns linked to incomplete or fragmentary events unfortunately continue to divide the world. 202. Given such a situation, which must in no way discourage us, the United Nations is still and must remain the indispensable framework for privileged meetings, of which the annual session of the General Assembly is a living symbol. The United Nations, with its universal character, must continue to offer small countries the only adequate forum for making the world aware oftheir often ignored legitimate concerns. The establishment within the United Nations system of many specialized agencies must enable large and small countries, in a great upsurge of solidarity and mutual confidence, to open every area of international co-operation to the attainment of the impor- tant objectives embodied in the Charter of the United Nations since 1946. 203. The action of the United Nations has already enabled mankind to build, on the ashes of the Second World War, the basic tenets of a new society, a society which is still imperfect but of which we must never despair 0 Industrial and developing nations alike, we must build, despite the many obstacles on the path, a future of, progress, a future of justice. 204. For all these reasons, the United Nations deserves our support, and the ideal it symbolizes today calls for our clear and consistent commitment. 205. My country, Senegal, and its leader, President Abdou Diouf, sincerely reaffirm here and now, through me, their faith in the Organization and their steadfast adherence to its objectives. 206. Within this framework, the Movement of Non- Aligned Countries, that great gathering of the nations of the third world, in order to stress their support for the many efforts of the United Nations, proposed, at s~minars, symposiums, round table talks, discussions 234. With regard to the question of Chad, Senegal and, above all, very long negotiations. would reaffirm its commitment to the sacrosanct prin- 226. Recently in Paris the international community ciples of respect for the territorial integrity of sovereign devoted an in-depth debate to the question during the and indepenGent States. Chad is a Member of the United International ConfereD\,;': in Support of the Struggle of Nations; Chad is a member of the Movement of Non- the Namibian People for Independence, held in Paris Aligned Countries; it is a founding member of the GAU; from 25 to 29 April 1983. After that the Security Coun- it is a member of the Organization of the Islamic Con- t:::iladopted resolution 532 (1983), which called for the ference. Consequently its unity and its integrity, respect immediate, unconditional implementation ofthe United for its independence, and its development in peace, in Nations settlement plan approved in Security Council African unity and security are and must remain matters resolution 435 (1978). of basic concern to the international community. The 227. Since then the Secretary-General and his colleagues people of Chad has suffered too long from the divisions have continued to put forward initiatives and hold con- imposed on it from outside and from repeated attacks sultations in an attempt to break the deadlock. In recent on its sovereignty. weeks the Secretary-General has even visited the region 235. In this respect, the legitimate Government in to try to make the contacts with the various parties con- N'Djamena should be free to exercise all its powers and cemed necessary to settle the conflict. to lead the country to national reconciliation and peace, 228'. < We believe that our effort must be continued and in the exercise of the rights of the people of Chad. That increased. We must organize it. My country takes this includes all the sons of Chad, whatever groups they opportunity to reaffIrm its unswerving and unreserved belong to, so that Chad can belong once again to its support for the brother people of Namibia, for SWAPO, people. its sole legitimate representative, and for th~ people of 236. Beside the problem of peace, which is the condition South Africa, who are fighting for respect for human for any useful development of humanity, there is first and dignity against apartheid and racial discrimination. My foremost the important problem of the world eco!1omic country also reaffIrms its abiding brotherly solidarity with situation. It is hardly necessary to emphasize that the two the African National Congress and the Pan Africanist questions are closely linked. Congress, whose daily heroic actions we salute. 237. The world is in the grip of a full-scale economic 229. Senegal cannot fail to stress, in order to be honest, crisis. An international effort is necessary if we are to the efforts to resolve the question of Namibia that have escape from this crisis. The continuing disorganization been made by the countries of the contact group, but of the international monetary system, which is the con- these efforts are not suffIcient. Insufficient pressure has sequence ofthe crisis as well as the cause of its prolonga- been put on the Preto.i.ia Government to make it listen tion, is bound to sharpen the disagreements, misunder- to reason and above all to make it respect international standings and causes of conflict which pit nations against law and the relevant decisions ofthe United Nations. But each other through the progressive impoverishment ofthe these efforts have been made. They must be continued peoples ofthe third world and the demonstrable inability and strengthened. ofthe industrialized countries to fmd a speedy and appro- 230. That is Senegal's position on the question, and we priate soluticm to this deplorable situation. ha,:,e reaffumed here many times our support for the 238. In this respect, the recent World Development brother people of Namibia and for SWAPO. This was Rep()rl of the World Bank is important for more than reafiumed also during the international' conference in one reason. It is stated that the 10-year-old world eco- " The meeting r.:JSe at 6.45 p.m. NOTES IReport ofthe International Coriference on the Q&:estion ofPales- tine, Geneva, 29August-7September 1983 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.83.I.21), chap. I. 3Ibid., Thirty-sixth Year, Supplementfor July, Augustand septem- ber 1981, document S/I4649, annex.