S/PV.10055 Security Council

I should like to take this opportunity to pay tribute, on behalf of the Council, to His Excellency Mr. Michael Imran Kanu, Permanent Representative of Sierra Leone, for his service as President of the Council for the month of November. I am sure I speak for all members of the Council in expressing deep appreciation to Ambassador Kanu and his team for the great diplomatic skill with which they conducted the Council’s business last month. Adoption of the agenda The situation concerning Iraq Forty-third report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of paragraph 4 of Security Council resolution 2107 (2013) (S/2025/756) Report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of resolution 2732 (2024) (S/2025/757)

In accordance with rule 37 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure, I invite the representatives of Iraq and Kuwait to participate in this meeting. In accordance with rule 39 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure, I invite Mr. Mohamed Al Hassan, Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq, to participate in this meeting. The Security Council will now begin its consideration of the item on its agenda. I wish to draw the attention of Council members to document S/2025/756, which contains the forty-third report of the Secretary-General pursuant to paragraph 4 of Security Council resolution 2107 (2013), and document S/2025/757, which contains the report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of resolution 2732 (2024). I now give the floor to Mr. Al Hassan. Mr. Al Hassan: Allow me to begin this briefing ahead of the conclusion of the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) on 31 December by thanking the members of the Security Council for their invaluable support and guidance over the years. I would like to express my profound gratitude to the Government of Iraq for hosting and being a partner to UNAMI since the Mission first began 22 years ago. I also wish to take this opportunity to thank both Iraq and Kuwait, present here today, for their cooperation and support in the implementation of UNAMI’s long-running mandate. Today, indeed, is a great day for the international community and the United Nations to witness an honourable and dignified closure of a United Nations mission. On the occasion of this final briefing, let us cast our minds back to 2003, when the Council established UNAMI in a country grappling with the effects of decades of dictatorship, regional wars, internal conflicts, foreign occupation and the terror of Da’esh. The road to peace, security and stability was long and difficult. However, with the support of the international community, Iraq came out victorious but with untold sacrifices. It is fitting that today we honour the memory of all those who have lost their lives since UNAMI first began operating in Iraq. This includes the 22 United Nations personnel who paid the ultimate price in the Canal Hotel bombing of 2003. I wish to take this opportunity to pay tribute to them, including our late colleague Sérgio Vieira de Mello, and to those who survived this terrorist act but with lasting My predecessors and I have been struck by the resilience and steadfastness of Iraq and its people as they worked resolutely to build a more secure and prosperous future. From the adoption of a new Constitution to the strengthening and consolidation of democracy through 13 successful electoral processes, Iraq was able to incrementally consolidate hard-won gains against the odds. Indeed, to the credit of Iraq’s people and leaders, the country has just held its sixth parliamentary elections on 11 November, marked by a notable increase in the turnout of registered voters — 56 per cent — and by being one of the freest, most orderly and most credible elections to be conducted in Iraq so far. I take this opportunity to congratulate the Iraqi people, including the Independent High Electoral Commission, and UNAMI, through its Electoral Assistance Office, for the service provided to Iraq during these elections. I can hardly think of a more fitting final chapter to UNAMI’s activities than the scenes witnessed by myself and my team at polling stations across the country, as Iraqis from diverse backgrounds lined up in orderly queues, eager to cast their ballots. While I express confidence that Iraq will continue to build upon this solid electoral foundation, I fervently hope that a new Government will be formed without delay. I would be remiss not to note that the formation of a new Kurdistan regional Government remains pending after more than a year of protracted negotiations. The formation of the federal and the regional Governments in Iraq presents opportunities to strengthen the Baghdad-Erbil relationship and to address and resolve the relevant outstanding issues, including concerning the disputed territories. The Baghdad-Erbil relationship is a crucial partnership that requires cooperation and a more open dialogue on the basis of the Iraqi Constitution. Iraq certainly has overcome successive conflicts on a hard-won path to stability. Nevertheless, the lasting effects of conflict have given rise to dire and persistent humanitarian needs. With approximately 1 million Iraqis remaining internally displaced — and that is a big number — their full, voluntary return and reintegration is still beset by economic, social, security and administrative challenges. Among them are the more than 100,000 predominantly Yazidi survivors from Sinjar, who, after 11 years, still live in displacement camps in precarious conditions and have endured untold suffering at the hands of Da’esh. I note, with concern, that departures from displacement camps have slowed significantly in 2025. These communities require targeted interventions that bridge humanitarian support with long-term development programming, namely, housing, livelihoods, social protection and community reconciliation. I therefore renew my call for the adoption of a comprehensive national plan to ensure the implementation of durable solutions. I am also deeply concerned about the attacks on Iraqi facilities and infrastructure, including the most recent one that took place against oil and gas facilities in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. This has to stop, and those responsible must be brought to justice. Iraq showed commendable leadership in launching a concerted effort earlier this year to accelerate the repatriation of its nationals from north-east Syria. To date, approximately 20,800 people have returned to Iraq — no small feat by any measure. As returns continue, the most recent one having taken place just yesterday, it remains essential for adequate resources to be directed towards ensuring dignified and sustainable reintegration, including reliable access to basic services, livelihoods and community-level support. Having met with displaced Iraqis and heard of their plight first-hand, I am heartened by the Government’s continued commitment, reiterated during the High-level International Conference on the Repatriation of Persons from Al- Hol, Surrounding Camps and Places of Detention, held in New York in September, to completing the return of all Iraqi nationals from north-eastern Syria by the end of this year. Turning to matters concerning Iraq and Kuwait, we look forward to transferring the mandate on missing Kuwaiti and third-country nationals and missing property, including the national archives, from UNAMI to a senior representative, as decided by the Council. While some progress was made a few years back, more than 300 persons — most of them Kuwaitis — remain missing, as do the national archives. I hope that with this new senior representative mechanism in place, both Iraq and Kuwait will renew efforts to advance the closure of these files. I encourage both Iraq and Kuwait to maintain strong relations based on the principles of good neighbourliness, respect for the Charter of the United Nations, international law and the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of States. The meetings held in July, September and just a few days ago in November by the Iraq-Kuwait joint technical and legal committees concerned with delimiting the maritime boundary beyond point 162 are welcome indicators in this regard. However, they must lead to practical and concrete results that are in the interests of both countries. Let me say, once again, that I do not see any reason whatsoever why Iraq and Kuwait should not enjoy the best of relations. Regaining eroded trust requires taking concrete steps not to repeat the mistakes of the past. The start of next year opens a new chapter in Iraq’s long-standing and deep- rooted partnership with the United Nations. UNAMI’s departure does not mark an end to the Iraq-United Nations partnership. Rather, it represents the start of a new chapter, rooted in Iraq’s leadership of its own future. The United Nations will continue standing by Iraq to build on its hard-won gains through the provision of technical expertise, advice and programmatic support by the United Nations country team on matters such as inclusive economic growth, climate resilience, human rights, displacement and the full and meaningful participation of women, youth and minorities. In closing, let me say that it has been a distinct pleasure to serve the people of Iraq and lead UNAMI. I wish to reaffirm my full confidence in the resilience of the Iraqi people and the determination of their leaders to tackle whatever challenges may lie ahead, as they have so commendably done over the past 20 years. I call on them to strive to build bridges of trust and friendship, promote common interests with all the neighbouring countries and to regain the glory of Iraq as the cradle of civilization. I wish to thank all the staff of UNAMI, who served with commitment and dedication throughout the Mission’s mandate and made possible its implementation. I also extend my heartfelt gratitude to the Fijian and Nepalese United Nations guard units for their unwavering commitment and exemplary service, which have been invaluable to our Mission. Lastly, I would like to thank Member States and the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mr. António Guterres, for the confidence they have placed in me to carry out this task in my aspiration to serve the noble principles of this Organization.

I thank Mr. Al Hassan for his briefing. I shall now give the floor to those members of the Council who wish to make statements.

I thank Special Representative Al Throughout its 22-year existence, UNAMI has provided invaluable assistance to address Iraq’s challenges, and the United States was proud to serve as the penholder during this time. Today marks the Council’s final briefing on UNAMI before it concludes its Mission at the end of this month. Closing UNAMI is a step forward and makes clear that no United Nations political mission is meant to be permanent. As the Secretary-General prepares to appoint a new Senior Representative to continue the United Nations’ focus on addressing the fate of Kuwaiti missing persons and property under resolution 2792 (2025), we urge the Council and the United Nations leadership to use our collective influence to remain focused on streamlining operations and optimizing resource allocation. President Trump’s America first policy will continue to strengthen the United States-Iraq relationship, built on mutual respect and common interests. This partnership prioritizes American interests while supporting Iraq’s sovereignty, economic independence and efforts to end the malign influence of armed militias.

Allow me also congratulate Slovenia for assuming the presidency of the Council and to use this opportunity to congratulate Sierra Leone for a well conducted presidency in the month of November. I would also like to thank Special Representative of the Secretary-General Al Hassan for his final briefing to the Council, in this capacity at least, and to congratulate him for his achievements in this role. I welcome the participation of the Permanent Representatives of Iraq and Kuwait in this meeting. As the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) approaches the conclusion of its mandate, it is timely to reflect on its achievements. UNAMI has contributed to peace and stability in Iraq for more than two decades, from advising on reconciliation and constitutional support to promoting the rule of law and human rights and supporting judicial and legal reform. The positive results of this support are evident. We commend the Iraqi Government’s focus on diversifying its economy, including the launch of its 2050 version. We also welcome the successful completion of the parliamentary elections of 11 November. The 25 per cent of seats reserved for women is a positive step, and we encourage the swift formation of an inclusive Government that truly reflects the diversity of the Iraqi people. Denmark conveys its appreciation to all those who have served in UNAMI. We honour the sacrifices made by the United Nations family and pay tribute to the 22 colleagues who lost their lives, as well as the hundreds who were wounded in the tragic attack on UNAMI’s headquarters in Baghdad on 19 August 2003. Their memory is a stark reminder of the terrorist threat that still remains high in the region, and of the need to maintain pressure on groups such as the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant and Al-Qaida. Through contributions to the global coalition against Da’esh, the NATO mission in Iraq and the European Union Advisory Mission in Iraq, Denmark has provided substantial support to Iraq’s critical efforts to counter Da’esh and to reduce the global terrorist threat. We have complemented these efforts with substantial financing for civilian stabilization and peacebuilding initiatives, in both Iraq and Syria, amounting to almost $100 million in the past four years. We strongly support Iraq’s increasing ownership in managing its security threats, firmly founded on our shared commitment to international law, including international human rights law. To conclude, the closing of UNAMI marks a new chapter, one in which Iraq assumes ownership of its own future. This does not mean that the United Nations or the international community will end its support for Iraq. On the contrary, the United Nations country team remains ready to assist, and we urge Iraq to actively engage with it. For our part, Denmark will continue our cooperation with Iraq as it enters this next phase.

I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the African members of the Council plus one (A3+), namely Algeria, Guyana, Sierra Leone and my own country, Somalia. We welcome the participation of the representatives of Iraq and Kuwait in today’s meeting. We also want to thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, Ambassador Mohamed Al Hassan, for his comprehensive briefings, and commend his leadership during this pivotal moment. We further acknowledge the dedicated efforts of the staff of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) as they work to fulfil the Mission’s mandate during this critical transition period. We commend the Government of Iraq and the Independent High Electoral Commission for the successful conduct of the Council of Representatives election on 11 November 2025. We note with satisfaction the orderly and peaceful nature of the voting process and the significant voter turnout of more than 56 per cent, which signals the continued commitment of the Iraqi people to their democratic institutions. In this regard, we encourage all political actors to build on this momentum by engaging in a constructive Government formation process that reflects the aspirations of all components of Iraqi society. We applaud the significant efforts of the UNAMI team in support of this electoral process. Pursuant to its mandate, UNAMI’s provision of advice and technical assistance to the Government of Iraq, the Commission and other Iraqi institutions was an important element in ensuring that these elections were convened as scheduled. On the humanitarian front, we welcome the Government’s leadership in facilitating the repatriation of Iraqi nationalists from the Hawl camp in Syria, as well as the technical support provided by the United Nations in this regard. We note the progress made under the “One United Nations” plan and encourage continued international support for the reintegration of returnees. We also welcome further cooperation between the Federal Government and the Kurdistan Regional Government to address the situation of the remaining internally displaced persons and to ensure a sustainable solution for their return and reintegration. We also take note of and commend Iraq’s constructive regional engagement, as outlined in the Secretary-General’s report (S/2025/757). A Middle East that is marked by strong, friendly bilateral partnerships among neighbouring States will be one of lasting peace and prosperity for the people of Iraq and the entire region. On the security front, Iraq has shown remarkable progress in restoring peace after decades of war and terrorism-related violence. We take note of the dedicated counter-terrorism operations of the Iraqi security forces and urge Iraq’s partners to continue to support them in these efforts. The A3+ notes the continued engagement between Iraq and Kuwait to resolve the outstanding issues and commends the constructive efforts undertaken by both parties in this regard. We welcome the meetings of the joint technical and legal committees As UNAMI approaches the conclusion of its mandate on 31 December 2025, a well- managed transition remains a priority. We welcome the progress reported in the drawdown, including the handover of the compounds in Mosul and Kirkuk, and the coordination between the Government of Iraq and the United Nations to ensure the seamless transfer of residual tasks to the United Nations country team. As this is the final meeting on UNAMI’s mandate, the A3+ wishes to express our sincere gratitude to the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, Ambassador Mohamed Al Hassan, his predecessors and the dedicated staff of the Mission for their tireless work and dedication to the stability and future of Iraq. UNAMI’s legacy of over two decades of support to the Government and the people of Iraq must be applauded. We look forward to a new chapter of partnership between the United Nations and Iraq — one that continues to promote respect for Iraq’s sovereignty and focuses on sustainable development. The A3+ remains committed to supporting Iraq’s pursuit of peace, stability and prosperity.

At the outset, allow me to commend Sierra Leone for its able leadership of the Council throughout November and to congratulate Slovenia on assuming the presidency for the month of December. I also thank Special Representative of the Secretary-General Al Hassan for his comprehensive briefing and his heartfelt dedication during this critical moment and welcome the representatives of Iraq and Kuwait to today’s meeting. As we convene in the Chamber for the final briefing on Iraq under the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), today’s meeting marks an important chapter in Iraq’s path toward a brighter future built on the Mission’s legacy. It also offers a timely opportunity for the international community to reaffirm its steadfast support for Iraq’s stability, sovereignty and long-term prosperity beyond UNAMI’s successful conclusion. In this context, I would like to make the following points. First, the Republic of Korea welcomes the peaceful and orderly conduct of Iraq’s 11 November parliamentary elections. We commend the Government of Iraq and the Independent High Electoral Commission for ensuring a well-organized and credible process. We also acknowledge UNAMI’s support throughout the electoral cycle, which helped promote inclusive participation, contributing to the election of 83 women and nine minority representatives. These developments highlight Iraq’s growing political maturity and commitment to an orderly democratic transition. Secondly, as Iraq continues to confront critical structural and institutional gaps, the expedient and peaceful formation of a new government remains indispensable. This must be one that reflects the choices of the diverse and disparate Iraqi people and responds to their aspirations for stability and sustainable development. In this connection, we also echo the Secretary-General’s expressed urgency with regard to the formation of a new regional government within the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Thirdly, the Republic of Korea commends UNAMI for its broader contributions to Iraq’s political recovery and state-building over the past two decades. Throughout its mandate, UNAMI has facilitated greater political dialogue, supported constitutional processes and helped Iraq navigate acute periods of crisis and transition. We note UNAMI’s sacrifices and bravery. Its contributions have laid a robust foundation for Iraq to further advance reconciliation and inclusive governance. We hope that Iraq will Fourthly, the approaching conclusion of UNAMI’s mandate should not diminish Iraq’s commitment to upholding human rights and humanitarian principles. We note the Secretary-General’s observations on the lack of legislation criminalizing domestic violence and on the continued use of criminal defamation provisions that constrain freedom of expression. We also emphasize the vital role of Iraqi civil society in monitoring governance and protecting vulnerable groups of people. Looking forward, a sustained humanitarian and development footprint will be essential to ensure Iraq’s long-term peace and prosperity. As such, we support the Secretary-General’s vision for continued United Nations engagement on justice, the rule of law, human rights and the representation and empowerment of women and youth. Fifthly, we underscore the humanitarian importance of resolving the issue of missing Kuwaiti and third-country nationals, as well as the return of Kuwaiti property, including the national archives. Building on the post-UNAMI mechanism established by resolution 2752 (2024), we hope for closer cooperation among the parties and tangible progress in addressing these long-standing issues. As a committed partner to Iraq and all its people, the Republic of Korea remains steadfast in its dedication to Iraq’s stability, prosperity and security, including through the deployment of a 3,000-strong contingent from 2004 to 2008 and more than $600 million in peacebuilding and development assistance to date. We will continue to work closely with the United Nations and Iraq well beyond UNAMI’s mandate to help further advance durable peace and prosperity.

We thank Special Representative Mohamed Al Hassan for his comprehensive briefing and for his sterling work throughout his tenure at the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), particularly during this critical period of the Mission’s drawdown. We also welcome the participation of the representatives of Iraq and Kuwait in today’s meeting. Pakistan and Iraq share a deep bond of brotherhood rooted in history, mutual respect and an unwavering commitment to regional peace and stability. We laud the resilience of the Iraqi people and their steadfast pursuit of a peaceful and prosperous future. Today, as we consider the Secretary-General’s final report on UNAMI (S/2025/757), we do so with great admiration for Iraq’s progress and in full solidarity with its continued success. Pakistan welcomes the holding of parliamentary elections in Iraq on 11 November, conducted in an orderly and inclusive manner with a strong voter turnout, reflecting public confidence in democratic institutions and the will of the Iraqi people in pursuit of stability, good governance and sustainable development. Iraq’s regional environment continues to be complex and challenging. Yet Iraq has demonstrated remarkable resilience and progress to advance dialogue amid heightened geopolitical tensions. This approach has contributed significantly to regional de-escalation efforts and has positioned Iraq as an important bridge in the pursuit of stability and cooperation in the Middle East. On the security front, the situation has markedly improved. However, it still warrants vigilance. As the Secretary-General’s report (S/2025/757) points out, Da’esh continues to conduct asymmetric attacks across several governorates. The continued threat posed by terrorist elements is a matter of concern. These actors must not be allowed to regroup or regain operational space. We appreciate the Iraqi security forces continued counter-terrorism operations to neutralize that menace. Consolidating security gains and strengthening counter-terrorism capabilities remain UNAMI’s contribution to Iraq’s political evolution has been profound. The Mission played a pivotal role in achieving stability, strengthening electoral processes, facilitating political dialogue and advancing national reconciliation efforts. Over more than two decades, UNAMI provided crucial support across governance, humanitarian response and institution-building. The drawdown and imminent completion of UNAMI’s mandate mark a historic milestone. This transition is not merely an administrative conclusion; it is a testament to Iraq’s progress, its strengthened institutions and its restored capacity to steer its own future. In a region facing profound turmoil, Iraq’s trajectory stands as a beacon of hope, demonstrating what national resolve, adequate international support and inclusive political processes can achieve together. I conclude by reaffirming Pakistan’s full support for the people and the Government of Iraq. We remain committed to working with Iraq and the United Nations to consolidate peace, promote development and ensure that the achievements of the past two decades continue to flourish.

I thank Special Representative of the Secretary- General Al Hassan for his briefing and welcome the presence of the Permanent Representatives of Iraq and Kuwait at our meeting today. As the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) closes this month and Iraq continues to make progress, the United Kingdom encourages a continued focus on priorities that will underpin Iraq’s long-term stability and prosperity. These include upholding Iraq’s sovereignty and constructive engagement with international partners, strengthening the rule of law and the effectiveness of State institutions and delivering urgent economic reforms to create opportunities for all Iraqis. We also urge greater efforts to tackle corruption and diversify Iraq’s economy. The United Kingdom stands ready to support Iraq in making progress on these objectives. The recent parliamentary elections were a significant milestone, and we commend the determination of the Iraqi people to shape their future through the ballot box. We hope to see a swift conclusion to the process of government formation. We also commend the efforts of all those involved in delivering the electoral process, including the support offered by UNAMI. As this chapter of the Security Council closes, we hope that Iraq will continue to partner with the United Nations, in particular on human rights. The United Kingdom welcomes steps to improve women’s political participation in Iraq. We encourage the Iraqi authorities to enact robust child protection and women’s rights legislation and to ensure that all survivors of sexual and gender-based violence receive the accountability and support they deserve. On the missing persons file, we welcome the recent handover of 400 boxes of Kuwaiti national archive materials by Iraq. We commend the cooperation on this important issue among all the relevant stakeholders, including the International Committee of the Red Cross, and we echo the Secretary-General’s call for continued efforts in this regard. We look forward to the upcoming appointment of a senior representative to support meaningful cooperation on this file, in particular around identifying new witnesses, harnessing modern technology and sustaining momentum on outstanding cases of missing Kuwaiti and third-country nationals. Allow me to conclude by expressing our deep appreciation to Special Representative of the Secretary-General Al Hassan and to all those who have served in UNAMI over the years for their invaluable contribution to Iraq’s stability.

I would like to begin by thanking Sierra Leone for its successful conduct of the presidency of the Council in November and Ambassador Michael Imran Kanu and his dedicated team for their leadership. We also congratulate the Republic of Slovenia on assuming the presidency of the Council for this month and reiterate our full support. We thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Iraq, Mr. Mohamed Al Hassan, for his valuable briefing and congratulate him on his commitment over the years at the head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI). Furthermore, we extend a cordial welcome to the representatives of the Republic of Iraq and the State of Kuwait who are with us today. We extend our congratulations to the people and the Republic of Iraq on having successfully concluded an orderly and transparent electoral process that steers the country towards the strengthening of its democratic governance and institutions. We highlight the political participation and inclusion of Iraqi women and ethnic minorities, whose participation is essential for the strengthening of democracy and fundamental to building a truly representative political and social landscape. We value the institutional efforts made, with the support of UNAMI, to ensure the 25 per cent quota for women candidates established by law, thereby strengthening the capacity of women to vote, run for office and participate fully in the electoral process. However, women in public life continue to face violations of their electoral rights, including disinformation campaigns and hate speech. We recognize the efforts to combat violence and online attacks against candidates and to strengthen digital governance — challenges that must be addressed firmly to guarantee their full and safe political participation. The United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq, established more than two decades ago with the purpose of offering support and engaging the Iraqi people, contributing to the restoration of their sovereignty and accompanying national reconciliation efforts, is today moving forward with great optimism towards its successful conclusion. This achievement reflects not only the sustained commitment of the United Nations to the country but also the capacity of the international community to mobilize coordinated efforts in favour of peace and stability. The work of this and other missions focused on providing support, technical assistance and advice to Governments demonstrates the importance of reinforcing mandates that remain in force. In a context in which some are questioning the effectiveness of the United Nations, the concrete progress achieved in Iraq attests to the leadership relevance and capacity of missions to fulfil their objectives, as well as the political will of Governments to work jointly with the Organization to generate lasting change for the benefit of the peoples they support. In that regard, we underscore the firm commitment, active diplomatic participation and willingness of the Government of Iraq in the joint efforts aimed at the transition to the liquidation plan — elements that have been fundamental to ensuring an orderly and responsible process that is fully aligned with national priorities. It is appropriate to highlight the coordinated efforts between the Governments of Iraq and Kuwait to move forward in resolving this issue, thereby contributing to the full restoration of Kuwait’s national memory and identity. This progress represents a significant step towards building trust and bilateral cooperation. We also particularly recognize the efforts and dedication of the Special Representative and his team, who, through their constant engagement with the various actors in Iraqi society, While the final report (S/2025/756) presents an encouraging picture, we wish to underscore our concern about the stagnation in the recovery and reintegration processes for internally displaced persons and for refugees and returnees. We consider it essential to redouble efforts to ensure sustainable solutions that enable these people to rebuild their lives. We also call for progress on pending reforms, including legislative measures to address gender-based violence and eliminate provisions that allow for impunity in cases of sexual violence. We also respectfully call on the Kurdistan Regional Government to work together in forming a new regional Government, as its full integration is vital to advancing political stability, inclusive governance and sustainable development. Lastly, I want to wish Mr. Al Hassan every success in drawing down the Mission and reiterate our strong support for the Government and people of Iraq. We deeply appreciate the efforts made throughout this process and are confident that the progress achieved will serve as a basis for more inclusive governance.

At the outset, allow me to congratulate Slovenia for assuming the presidency of the Security Council for the month of December and to commend Sierra Leone for its successful stewardship of the Council in the month of November. I would also like to thank the Special Representative of the Secretary- General for Iraq and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), Mohamed Al Hassan, for his detailed briefing and to commend him for his work and leadership particularly at this critical moment. I also welcome the presence of the representatives of Iraq and Kuwait in today’s briefing. I would like to stress the following points today. First, we commend the Government of Iraq and the Independent High Electoral Commission for their efforts to ensure the effective participation in and conduct of the parliamentary elections on 11 November. The invaluable assistance of the United Nations was proven critical in this regard, whereas domestic and international observer organizations diligently contributed towards the promotion of the transparency and integrity of the process. We are now looking forward to a swift formation of the Government. Equally important is the swift formation of an effective regional Government in the Iraqi region of Kurdistan following the elections of October 2024. We encourage the political leadership to work together and overcome domestic challenges with the aim of delivering for the common good. Secondly, keeping the country on the track of peace and security is a sine qua non for domestic and regional stability. We commend the diplomatic outreach in the region by the Government of Iraq and its concerted efforts to accelerate the return of all its nationals from north-eastern Syria, including from the Hawl and Rawj camps. The reintegration of internally displaced persons into Iraqi society on the basis of voluntary, safe and sustainable returns remains equally important. Furthermore, we encourage the continuation of counter-terrorism operations, as extremist elements are still present in the country. Thirdly, we would also stress the commitment to human rights — an element that lies at the heart of Iraq’s stability and social cohesion. We welcome the continuous engagement of Iraq with the Human Rights Council’s universal periodic review and its support for various recommendations, including those regarding the protection of religious and ethnic minorities. At the same time, we encourage the Government to adopt measures targeting gender-based violence and repression of the freedom of expression, while ensuring the compatibility of the Personal Status Law with the country’s international human rights obligations. Last but not least, we welcome the ongoing search for missing Kuwaiti and third In conclusion, as UNAMI approaches the conclusion of its mandate, following more than 20 years of fruitful cooperation with the Government and the people of Iraq, the Mission’s drawdown serves as a turning point — that of an orderly transition to a new chapter rooted in Iraq’s determination to navigate confidently through its own future. The Mission’s legacy already reflects upon several aspects of the situation on the ground, from supporting electoral processes and advancing reconciliation to strengthening national institutions and coordinating humanitarian efforts. Both the Special Representative and Head of UNAMI, Mohamed Al Hassan, and the United Nations staff in Iraq, through their remarkable service and dedication, have proven that United Nations missions can have a significant impact on global stability. Eighty years since its establishment, the United Nations still remains our one great hope for a peaceful and free world. Greece fully supports Iraq’s sovereignty, stability and territorial integrity and wholeheartedly wishes to see the country succeed. We remain confident that its continuous partnership with the United Nations will help to realize the aspirations of all Iraqis for a peaceful and prosperous future.

I congratulate Slovenia on assuming the presidency of the Security Council for this month. The Chinese delegation will provide full cooperation to you and your colleagues, Madam President. I also congratulate Sierra Leone on successfully completing its presidency last month. I thank Special Representative Mohamed Al Hassan for his briefing and his work, and I welcome the presence of the representatives of Iraq and Kuwait at today’s meeting. I shall make three points. First, China welcomes the successful holding of the Iraqi parliamentary elections last month. We commend the efforts made by the Iraqi Government and people in this regard and fully acknowledge the support provided by the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI). Strengthening unity and achieving reconciliation among all Iraqi factions is in the fundamental interests of the Iraqi people. Secondly, the security situation in Iraq remains grave, with terrorist organizations such as Da’esh continuing to be active. The international community should steadfastly support Iraq in strengthening counter-terrorism capabilities, taking robust measures to eliminate residual terrorist forces, consolidating hard-won counter- terrorism achievements and safeguarding national security and stability. Thirdly, Iraq’s prosperity and development cannot be achieved without a favourable regional environment. China supports Iraq in developing good-neighbourly and friendly partnerships with the countries of the region and in continuing to play an important role in promoting regional unity and safeguarding regional stability. Iraq’s sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity should be respected and upheld. The mandate of UNAMI is about to end. Since its establishment in 2003, UNAMI has made significant contributions to supporting Iraq’s reconstruction and development. China commends their efforts and offers our condolences for and pays tribute to all UNAMI personnel who have lost their lives in the line of duty. We hope that UNAMI will continue to strengthen cooperation with the Government of Iraq Resolving the issue of Kuwaiti missing persons and property is of great importance to both Iraq and Kuwait. Resolution 2792 (2025) established a follow-on mechanism to advance the resolution of these matters, after UNAMI’s withdrawal. We support cooperation between both parties, on the basis of mutual respect and friendly consultations, to promote a swift and satisfactory resolution of the issues.

At the outset, I wish to congratulate you, Madam President, on Slovenia’s presidency of the Council for December and thank Sierra Leone for its stewardship of our proceedings over the past month. I would also like to thank the Special Representative of the Secretary- General, Mr. Mohamed Al Hassan, and all United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) personnel for their unswerving dedication in support of Iraq. In this connection, I would like to pay particular tribute to Mr. SérgioVieira de Mello and the United Nations staff who perished in 2003 for the sake of that Mission. Lastly, I welcome the representatives of Iraq and Kuwait to today’s meeting. I have three points to make. First, France commends the smooth conduct of the parliamentary elections in Iraq on 11 November. In recent months, Iraq has proven itself genuinely capable of promoting institution-building. The successful holding of nationwide elections on 11 November, as scheduled, is in keeping with Iraq’s political and security gains. The elections reflect the resilience of the Iraqi people and its determination to strengthen its democratic institutions. France encourages Iraq to pursue its efforts in the key areas of diversifying the economy, combating corruption and promoting youth employment and equality between women and men. We likewise support the effective enforcement of human rights in Iraq. Secondly, Iraq’s stability must be shielded from regional tensions. In a regional climate marked by various sources of instability, Iraq serves as a crucial counterweight. France commends the efforts of the Iraqi Government to prevent the country from becoming embroiled in the crises that are rocking the region. We encourage all regional players to fully respect Iraq’s sovereignty and to refrain from any interference. The campaign against Da’esh must continue. France remains committed to combating terrorism alongside Iraq, while fully respecting its sovereignty. The Council bears responsibility for ensuring that the end of UNAMI’s mandate does not entail the destabilization of Iraq. France wishes, in the first place, to commend UNAMI’s achievements since its inception. The Mission provided decisive support for electoral processes and the consolidation of Iraqi institutions, while facilitating an inclusive political dialogue and reconciliation at the national and community levels. France supports further normalization and reconciliation efforts between Iraq and Kuwait. A lasting settlement of their historical disputes is a pivotal factor in regional stability. We will be keeping a close eye on the effective implementation of resolution 2792 (2025) in particular, and we commend the determination of both countries to deepen their bilateral cooperation.

We congratulate you, Madam President, on assuming the presidency of the Security Council in December, and we thank the delegation of Sierra Leone for its able stewardship of the Council over the past month. We are grateful to Special Representative of the Secretary-General Mohamed Al Hassan for his briefing on the situation in the Republic of Iraq. As this is his final briefing in that capacity, we would like to express our appreciation for his wise and responsible leadership of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), A key milestone was recently marked with the holding of the parliamentary elections on 11 November, thanks to the assistance of UNAMI, an impressive number of international observers and a high turnout. The vote took place in a calm and peaceful atmosphere, without any serious incidents whatsoever, attesting to the maturity of Iraqi democracy and its State institutions. We note the tireless efforts of Mohammed Al Sudani’s Government in both the socioeconomic and security domains. The Iraqi authorities have managed to attract nearly $1 billion from the World Bank for the modernization of the railway infrastructure over the course of seven years. An agreement has been reached between the Federal Government and Erbil to resume deliveries through the Iraq- Türkiye oil pipeline. The efforts of the Iraqi security services have contained the Da’esh threat and kept the number of civilian casualties of terrorist attacks to a minimum. The removal of the situation in Iraq from the children and armed conflict agenda owing to Baghdad’s implementation of a whole of array of child protection measures speaks for itself. Iraq’s balanced foreign policy, geared towards establishing mutually respectful and constructive relations with key international players and neighbours, merits particular attention. Despite the ethnic and religious diversity of Iraqi society and its central geographical location in the region, Baghdad has managed to steer clear of conflicts, including the recent confrontation between Iran and Israel. It is safe to say that Iraq is now a pillar of stability in the Middle East. In this connection, we would like to reaffirm our unconditional support for Iraq’s sovereignty and to object to any interference in the country’s internal affairs. Attempts by external players to exploit the Republic as an arena for proxy conflict are unacceptable. We believe that the conclusion of a truce in Gaza is beneficial to the situation in Iraq and the region as a whole. At the same time, only a just solution to the Palestinian question on a universally recognized international legal basis and entailing the implementation of a two-State solution will be capable of bringing long-awaited healing to the entire Middle East. We greatly value the recent progress in the Iraqi-Kuwaiti humanitarian dossier in the form of Iraq’s return of 400 boxes of material and microfilm to the Kuwaiti Ministry of Information. We support Baghdad’s and Kuwait’s inclination to continue cooperating on issues related to missing persons and the return of archival materials in a spirit of friendship and cooperation. We are confident that the senior representative of the United Nations who will be appointed in accordance with resolution 2792 (2025) will play a positive role in enhancing such cooperation and trust. In exactly one month, UNAMI, whose presence is inextricably bound to the modern history of Iraq, will have concluded its task. The Mission was there during the tribulations of recovery in the aftermath of the 2003 war, the political and economic crises and the confrontation with Da’esh. Throughout, UNAMI duly discharged its task, helping the Iraqi people and State to restore sovereignty and achieve national reconciliation. We pay tribute to the 22 staff of the Mission who perished on 19 August 2003 in an attack on the headquarters in Baghdad. We welcome the seamless phase-out and withdrawal of the Mission, in close cooperation with Baghdad, and we trust that the drawdown phase will be concluded on time — by September 2026. Iraq is now one of the foremost countries of the Middle East. We wish it and its people every success in this new chapter of their history and stand ready to provide full assistance to that end.

I shall now make a statement in my capacity as the representative of Slovenia. I wish to thank Special Representative of the Secretary-General Al Hassan, for I wish to begin by congratulating Iraq on the successful conduct of the elections to the Council of Representatives. The calm and orderly voting process, accompanied by a significant increase in voter turnout, is a strong indicator of the importance that these elections hold for Iraqi society as well as for democracy in Iraq more broadly. They represent an excellent opportunity to foster greater inclusion, and we are encouraged by the fact that more than a quarter of registered candidates were women. Slovenia thanks UNAMI for its engagement and technical assistance throughout the process. We now underline the importance of a timely and peaceful formation of the new Government. We encourage the future Iraqi Government to maintain a commitment to reforms that include the protection and promotion of human rights and help to build resilient, democratic and accountable institutions. Displacement should not become a protracted feature of Iraq’s social and political landscape; it is too heavy a burden for individuals, families and the State. Slovenia welcomes the efforts of the Iraqi Government to find durable solutions for internally displaced persons, and we call for the continuation and strengthening of these efforts. Iraq should continue on its path to protect and promote human rights, in particular the rights of women and girls. In this regard, we urge Iraq to criminalize gender- based violence and enact the Anti-Domestic Violence Law. In the context of the future membership of both countries in the United Nations Human Rights Council, we are looking forward to cooperating with Iraq in this important endeavor. We also encourage Iraq to address other human rights challenges, including restrictions on civic space and attacks on journalists and human rights defenders. More broadly, perpetrators of human rights violations must be held accountable. This includes responsibility for the crimes committed by Da’esh. The survivors and victims of these crimes deserve justice. Slovenia also reiterates that uncovering the fate of missing persons must be resolved. It is vital for the healing of entire societies, both at home and abroad. In this regard, we underline the importance of resolution 2792 (2025) and call for continued cooperation between Iraq and Kuwait. We welcome the progress achieved and encourage maximum efforts to solve the outstanding issues. Democratic dialogue, good-neighbourly relations and respect for international law remain vital for fostering regional stability. We commend Iraq for its constructive role in the region and encourage it to continue on that path with its immediate neighbours and regional partners. Iraq’s sovereignty and territorial integrity must be respected by everyone. To conclude, as UNAMI’s mandate draws to a close, it is encouraging to see the results of more than two decades of its work. UNAMI is a success story also owing to the fact that it followed the tested path of phasing out. Other United Nations missions can draw important lessons from UNAMI’s example. UNAMI helped extensively in laying the foundations for a lasting peace in Iraq. As it closes down, the international community will continue to look at developments in Iraq and support it on its path towards a stable, prosperous and resilient future. I resume my functions as President of the Council. I now give the floor to the representative of Iraq. (spoke in Arabic) At the outset, allow me to congratulate the representative of Slovenia on the presidency of the Council this month. I also express my appreciation to Ambassador Michael Imran Kanu of Sierra Leone for his able leadership during November. I would also like to thank Mr. Mohamed Al Hassan, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and Head of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI), for his briefing on the latest report concerning the Mission (S/2025/757). Today’s meeting of the Security Council marks the conclusion of UNAMI’s mandate in Iraq. UNAMI has worked in and assisted Iraq for more than two decades, standing by the Iraqi people during times of immense difficulty and challenge. Established in 2003, at a sensitive transitional period for our country, the Mission has, from its very beginning, been a reliable partner and a symbol of the international community’s solidarity with Iraq. The Mission supported the drafting of the new Constitution, which was prepared to serve as the foundation for the democratic, federal and pluralistic system that we have worked to entrench to represent all components of the Iraqi people. In addition, UNAMI provided crucial support to the Independent High Electoral Commission, which has become a pioneer in organizing successive elections that guarantee a free and fair voice for every Iraqi. The Mission extended assistance wherever needed across the geography of Iraq, including in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Iraq demonstrated consistent diplomatic commitment and continuous cooperation with the Mission in all its tasks and fulfilled its international obligations, in particular the settlement of all outstanding issues with the sisterly State of Kuwait, as stipulated in the relevant Security Council resolutions. By fulfilling all its international commitments and building trust with the international community, Iraq was able to bring an end to all measures imposed under the provisions of Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations. In this regard, despite Iraq’s previously expressed position concerning resolution 2792 (2025), it will proceed with its commitment to cooperate with the Special Representative of the Secretary-General regarding the file of missing persons and the Kuwaiti archives, as it is a purely humanitarian file. Confirming this humanitarian orientation, and within the framework of mutual understanding and cooperation between Iraq and Kuwait, Iraq, during last November, initiated the handover of a new batch of Kuwaiti archives to the sisterly State of Kuwait, containing academic and cultural materials and documents. This was delivered by a high-level delegation sent by the Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, Multilateral Affairs and Legal Affairs, in the presence of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, Mr. Mohamed Al Hassan. In the context of regional and international security, Iraq continues to play an exceptional role in combating terrorism, as it continues to address responsibly and humanely the file of the residents of Al-Hol camp, which constitutes one of the most serious cross-border security challenges. Iraq has managed to repatriate thousands of its citizens and is gradually reintegrating them in accordance with social and psychological rehabilitation programmes and under community oversight. Iraq reaffirms the recommendations of the international conference on ending Hawl camp in Syria, held in cooperation between the Iraqi Government and the United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism in New York on 26 September 2025, calling on all concerned States to assume their legal and humanitarian responsibilities and repatriate their nationals, in view of the serious threat posed by the continuation of this situation to international security and the risks of exploitation of children and women by terrorist organizations. UNAMI was not merely a special political mission. It was a dynamic, influential and effective mission, able to adapt and redirect its course to meet Iraq’s changing needs In recent years, the activity of the Mission has transformed significantly to focus more on assisting our ministries in aligning Iraqi national development goals with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Through this cooperation, UNAMI supported Iraq in transitioning from crisis management efforts to long-term development planning and self-reliance. Today, with the end of the Mission’s mandate, Iraq looks with gratitude to that honourable history of cooperation and success and is proud of the successful partnership with the United Nations. Indeed, Iraq today is a State of strong institutions, expressing the unity of the Iraqi people and managing political, security and economic files with efficiency, driven by self-reliance as a constant approach reflecting its commitment to protecting the interests of the Iraqi people and consolidating its regional and international role. The conclusion of the UNAMI mission in Iraq marks the beginning of a new stage in the relationship between Iraq and the United Nations. This will be achieved through joint programmes towards a permanent partnership focusing on sustainable development, consistent with Iraq’s efforts to expand the scope of balanced international engagement aligned with national priorities in administrative and economic reform and capacity-building. Iraq looks forward to a new relationship of sectoral cooperation with the United Nations based on balanced partnership and mutual respect. Allow me, on behalf of the Government and people of Iraq, to express profound thanks to the Secretary-General for his continuous commitment to Iraq and his firm belief in our country’s potential. We commend the Special Representatives of the Secretary-General who have successively led the Mission, as well as all international and Iraqi staff of the Mission who sacrificed their lives, exerted dedicated and sincere efforts and fulfilled their trust with courage and professionalism in difficult and dangerous conditions, particularly the first Head of Mission, the late Sergio Vieira de Mello. In this regard, Iraq wishes to indicate that, in coordination with UNAMI, it is organizing a ceremony this month to celebrate the conclusion of the Mission’s mandate in Iraq, under the patronage of the Prime Minister of Iraq and in the presence of the Secretary-General. We also turn with sincere thanks and appreciation to our partners in the international community for their honourable stand with us. We assure them that Iraq stands ready to fulfil its obligations as a proud and active member of the United Nations family, in addition to confirming its firm commitment to the Organization’s principles and continuing to work closely with the United Nations system to maintain international peace and security and enhance development and regional cooperation.

I now give the floor to the representative of Kuwait.

I am honoured to speak today at a meeting in which the Security Council is briefed on the most recent report of the Secretary- General (S/2025/756) on the implementation of paragraph 4 of Security Council resolution 2107 (2013), discussing the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) before the conclusion of its work on 31 December. At the outset, I would like to wish friendly Slovenia every success in its presidency of the Security Council for this month, which serves as a culmination of its membership in the Council. I also extend abundant thanks to Sierra Leone for its distinguished presidency last month and for its wise leadership and constructive efforts amid extremely complex international circumstances. What was stated in the most recent report concerning the outstanding Kuwaiti files reaffirms the purely humanitarian nature of these files. It represents an important reference for evaluating progress, especially in light of the achievements during the past period through the meetings of the Tripartite Commission and its Technical Sub- Committee, the use of modern technologies and cooperation with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). The State of Kuwait also welcomes Iraq’s recent handover of 400 boxes of books and archival materials. This is a positive development achieved through the cooperation of all relevant parties and reflects the important role of United Nations monitoring. We hope that this constitutes an additional step towards the complete retrieval of the remaining Kuwaiti property, foremost among which are the national archives. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the challenges remains clear. The report indicates that progress on the file of missing persons remains limited and that key sites have not yet yielded decisive progress, despite the passage of decades since the disappearance of the missing Kuwaitis and third-country nationals. Accordingly, the State of Kuwait emphasizes the necessity of intensifying efforts and developing the existing methodology to gain direct access to key witnesses and use all available technological tools through United Nations monitoring, which will undoubtedly facilitate those efforts. The unanimous adoption of resolution 2792 (2025) by the Council constituted a substantial turning point in the trajectory of these files. It established a clear framework for United Nations monitoring following the end of the UNAMI mandate through the appointment of a high-level representative to follow up exclusively on the file of prisoners, missing persons and Kuwaiti property, including the national archives, report to the Security Council, and use his good offices to build trust regarding the missing persons. The State of Kuwait emphasizes that this resolution is not merely a procedural formality but represents a clear international commitment not to leave these humanitarian files outstanding without follow-up, and to guarantee a just humanitarian conclusion for the families of the missing and the retrieval of all remaining State property, foremost among which are the national archives. Kuwait stresses the importance of the incoming high-level representative being an expert personality possessing technical knowledge of the nature of these files, ensuring the preservation of the momentum generated by UNAMI over the past years. We affirm from this rostrum that the State of Kuwait has been, is and will always remain a supporter of brotherly Iraq. We will strive to support the high-level representative and everything that contributes to the stability, development and prosperity of the region, consistent with all international norms, obligations and laws. My country wishes to confirm with all clarity that respect for the sovereignty of the State of Kuwait, its territorial integrity, and the non-infringement of any part of its national territory, territorial waters, islands or elevations constitutes a firm basis for the stability of relations between the two countries and an indispensable pillar of the regional security system. The State of Kuwait recalls that all bilateral and international agreements and the relevant Security Council resolutions, foremost among them resolution 833 (1993) regarding the demarcation of the land and maritime boundaries between Kuwait and Iraq, represent binding legal instruments that must be respected Kuwait further reiterates that the 2012 agreement on navigation in Khor Abdullah, which entered into force in 2013 and was jointly deposited with the United Nations, together with the 2008 security exchange protocol and its related plan, adopted as part of the 2014 Joint Agreement to Ensure the Safety of Navigation in Khor Abhullah, are binding international agreements that cannot be undermined or subjected to unilateral measures. They constitute essential pillars for safeguarding the safety of shipping lanes and ensuring freedom and safety of maritime navigation. In this context, Kuwait rejects the historical and legal fallacies contained in the reasoning of the recent ruling by Iraq’s Federal Supreme Court, and we stress that any unilateral decisions or practices affecting these agreements are null and void and produce no legal effect. Upholding these international instruments and compliance with their provisions is the best way to consolidate the principles of good neighbourliness and sustaining cooperation, based on mutual respect and full commitment to international law. The cooperation of the sisterly Republic of Iraq remains a cornerstone for the success of this process. For its part, Kuwait reiterates its ongoing commitment to working in a constructive spirit to achieve tangible results. Closing these files in a just manner will directly contribute to strengthening regional stability, entrenching the principles of good neighbourliness and opening a new chapter of greater openness between Iraq and its Gulf neighbours. Kuwait reiterates its gratitude to the Secretary-General and the UNAMI team for their efforts during the past years, and we reiterate our support for the role of the United Nations as the most important guarantor for resolving these humanitarian files, delivering justice to the families of the missing and restoring the national archives, thereby establishing a new and successful model of international cooperation under the auspices of the Security Council. Observing the collegiality that distinguishes the work of the Security Council, allow me, Madam President, to convey Kuwait’s sincere gratitude and appreciation to Ambassador Carolyn Rodrigues-Birkett of Guyana, Ambassador Amar Bendjama of Algeria, Ambassador Jihoon Cha of the Republic of Korea and his predecessors, Ambassador Michael Imran Kanu of Sierra Leone and, last but not least, Ambassador Samuel Žbogar of Slovenia. This may be the last meeting at which I work with them during their membership of the Security Council. They have all contributed, through their responsible and effective role, to the promotion of international peace and security, and they have left an impression both of their diplomacy, of which their countries have every right to be proud, and of the unwavering commitment and constructive spirit they have demonstrated in serving international causes. Their States have also provided valuable support to Kuwait’s efforts in the context of its unresolved humanitarian files and, in particular, the issues of prisoners, missing persons and the recovery of Kuwaiti property, most notably its national archives. My country highly appreciates this support.