S/PV.2791 Security Council

Since this is my first time in the Chair since he left the presidency, I should like at the outset of the meeting to compliment the Outgoing President, Sir Crispin Tickell, on the outstanding and exceedingly competent and fair way in which he presided over the debates of the Security Council. I should like also to extend a warm welcome to the new Permanent Representative of Japan to the United Nations, His Excellency Mr. Kideo Kagami. We look forward to working in very close co-peration with him. EXPRESSION OF CONDOLENCES

On behalf of the Council and on my own behalf I should like to express deep sympathy to the Government and the people of Nicaragua, and to the bereaved family, at the untimely passing of Her Excellency Mrs. Nora Astorga Gadea, Permanent Representative of Nicaragua to the united Nations. She fought against a dread illness to the end, with dignity and courage. I am sure I speak for all members of the Council in saying that we shall miss her greatly. I( ~E*IIION OFTHE AGENDA The PRFSIDENT: The provisional agenda for this meeting is before the Council in document S/Agenda/2791. unless I hear any objection, I shall consider the agenda adopted. 'I Call on the representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Mr. BEIGNOGIOV (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (interpretation from Russian): The Soviet delegation wishes to state that it does not consider it useful to include on the agenda of the Security Council the question of the destruction of the.South porean aircraft. Because of its tendentiousness and the groundless nature of-its assertions, we share the widespread view that the document ' submitted by South Korea cannot serve as a point of reference for the Council's debate. It is our view that for the Security Council to include this item on its agenda could well have negative 'consequences for the situation in the Korean peninsula, a situation that is already quite tense. We should like our position to be reflected in the records of the Security Council. : (Mr. Belonogov, USSR) . ” sj .,,. ._‘.‘.

The statement by the representative of the Soviet Union will be included in the official records of the Council. Does ,my ,other member wish to speak? ._. The agenda was adopted. . I IaE= DATED 10 FEBRUARY 1988 FROM THE PERMANENT OBSERVER OF THE REPCJRLIC OF KOREA 'I0 THE UNITED NATIONS ADDRESSED 'I0 THE PRESIDENT OF THE SECURITY OUNCIL (s/19488) LETTRR DATED -10 ‘FEBRUARY 1988 FROM THK PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF- jAPN ‘I0 THE '-' UNITED NATIONS ADDRESSED TD TDE PRESIDENT OF THE SECURITY CXJNCIL,(S/l9489) _ _ *_ ,:..: .' ! ; j, The PRESIDENT: I should like to inform the Council that I have received ,- 1 ., “ a letter dated 12 February 1988 from the Permanent Observer of the Democratic .j People's Republic of Korea to the United Nations, in which he requests that his delegation be invited to participate without the right to vote, in accordance wjth . ,.' . Article 32 of the Charter, in the Council's discussion. I propose, with the : consent of the Council, to invite the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to ~. '_ .' __1 participate in the discussion , without the right to vote, in accordance with the ,__ , . . i ., ,* ,. 1" provisions of Article 32 of the Charter. , : r :;,,. There being no objection, it is so decided. 1 ,.. . . . : ’ .:.. :’ :,,:._ At the invitation of the President, Mr. Pak (Democratic People's Republic of ; ,_ i _ Korea) took a place at the Council table. * ,. : .,' The PRESIDENT: I should like to draw the attention of members of the .. .'. . Council to the penultimate paragraph of the letter dated 10 February 1988 from the . Permanent Observer of the Republic of Korea to the United Nations addressed to the. ,. I .. President of the Security Council (S/19488), in which he requests that the representative of the Government of the Republic of Korea be invited by the 1 'P :., ', Security Council to participate in the discussion in accordance with Article 32 of -. .-, ~ the Charter. I propose, with the consent of the Council, to invite the Republic of 8 Korea to participate in the discussion , without the right to vote,,in accordance with the provisions of Article 32 of the Charter. There being'no objection, it is so decided. At the invitation of the President, Mr. Choi (Republic'of Korea) took a place at the Council table.

The Security Council will now begin its consideration of the item on its agenda. ,The Security Council is meeting,today in response to the -.I requests contained in -letters dated 10 February 1988 addressed,to the -President-of : ,,‘ ._/'. : '. I the Security Council by the Permanent Observer of the Republic of Korea to the ,:I/_ . . . . United Nations" (S/19488) and by the Permanent Representative of Japan 'to the United Nations (S/19489). I.should like to draw the attention oi members of the Council to the follcrwing . . . ' documents% Sj19458, letter dated 26 January 1988 from the Permanent Representative .., . . . -_ Of the Federal Rep&lic of Germany to the United Nations addressed to the I. .* Secretary-General; S/19492, letter dated 10 February 1988 from the Permanent 1, Observer of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council ; and s/19493, letter dated _* ,,. _; .'. 9 February 1988 from the Permanent Representative of Paragudy to the United Nations addressed'to 'the Secretary-General. _ . The first speaker on my list is the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea, upon whom I now call. . ‘ Mr; CH01 (Republic of Korea): I wish to thank you and the other members of the Security Council for having kindly invited my delegation to participate in the discussions of the Council. Allow me to extend to you, Sir, our b. , congratulations on your assumption of the presidency of the Security Council for / the month of February. We are confident that your outstanding leadership will> " ensure fruitful deliberations. We wish you every succes in the fulfilment of your important responsibiliti&. ~. (The President) When'1 was the Permanent Observer of the Republic.of Korea to the'tinited Nations before assuming my current post , my earnest desire was to have the opportunity to speak before this body concerning the possible contributions the . . Republic of Korea oould make towards strengthening international peace and security. .'. But today it is with heavy heart that I speak here'about a tragic incident which suddenly engulfed "the Korean people ;ith shock, grief 'and outidge on' the .L ;t. ,. peaceful Sunday afternoon of 29 November last year; "“ ,, “ : i . . ) ,, :: As the'world is well aware by ncxv , a' Korean Air passenger -airiiner',-on its"' flight 'from'Bdghdad:to Seoul via Abu Dhabi, was blown up in mid-air over the " .' Andaman Sea off the'cost of Burma at around 2.05 p.m. Korean Standard Time on Y' 29 November 1987. All 115 passengers and crew, including one Indian and one Lebasese national, were killed. It is especially sad and painful that .the victims were mostly young Korean workers who,were returning home after having'worked- for years in construction and development projects in the Middle East: Al&on that plane Were !one 'fellow diplomat, the Korean Consul General in Baghdad, &nd.his Wife".' I only hope that our discussions will serve to help‘ease'the sorrdw'and '~'.. ':- outrage of the bereaved families and show them that their'loved ones did not die in 'vain. ' : :_ _' The attention of the international community .: ." , and especially of my country, is focused on the Council-as it begins to discuss this heinous act of terrorism. MY Government decided to bring this incident to the attention of the Security Council . for-'the. following reasons. Pirst, the destruction .of a civil airliner by an act of State-directed ' '." terrorism poses a grave threat not only to the safety of international civil "";I aviation but also to international peace and security. Workers and businessmen alike, Government officials and diplomats, all stake 'their lives on the wings of civil airliners. Once inside the cabin, kings and presidents are as vulnerable as common tourists. Therefore, any State-directed terrorist threat to the lives of such passengers is naturally fraught with dangers for world stability and peace. Secondly, this is not the first time North Korea has perpetrated a terrorist attack against the Republic of Korea. By now, North Korea has clearly established its pattern of destructive behaviour. Still vivid in our memory is the 1983 bosbing incident in Rangoon, aimed at killing the President of the F&public of Korea during his State visit to Burma. It claimed the lives of 16 high-ranking officials of Korea, including the Deputy-Prime Minister, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, the Minister of Commerce and Industry, the Minister of Energy and Eesoures and the Secretary-General to the President. The official finding of the Burmese Government's investigation that "the perpetrators were North Koreans acting under instruction of the GOVerment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea" led to the Burmese withdrawal of recognition of North Korea and the shut-down of the North Korean mbassy in Burma. Among the three North Korean army officers who carried out the bombing, two were captured alive. After trials by the Burmese courts, one was executed and the other, who confessed, is still serving his life sentence in Burma. Thirdly, North Korea has not shown any sign of change in its consistent use of international terrorism as an instrument of national policy, Not only does it allege that its involvement in the bonS>ing in Burma and in the sabotage against the KAL airliner was concocted, but it also argues that it was the Republic of Korea that committed those crimes. (Mt. Choi, Republic of Korea) Such preposterous lies by North Korea do not in themselves disturb us, because the facts speak for themselves and no one will believe their allegations. such perversion of the truth is dangerous because it shows a complete absence of regret. or moral scruples. Those charges have the dangerous implication that North Korea may repeat its terrorist acts in the future. By bringing this matter before the Council the Republic of Korea hopes to help deter North Korea from committing further acts of international terrorism. Fourthly, this sabotage of a civilian airliner was designed by North Korea as part of an attempt to disrupt the forthcoming Olympic Games in Seoul, which will be' a genuine festival of peace and harmony for mankind. Members of the Council now have before them document S/19488 containing "Findings of the investiga.tion conducted by the Government of the Republic of Korea concerning the destruction of Korean Air Flight 858". I wish to express, on behalf Of my Government, our deepest appreciation to the Governments of Japan, Bahrain, Austria and others for their valuable co-operation in this investigation. Since the document gives a detailed picture of the incident, I should like to limit myself to providing some important background and the key findings of the investigation. When flight 858 disappeared after its last communication with the Rangoon control tower at around 2.05 p.m. on 29 November, the Government and Korean Air analysed the overall situation and immediately began to search for the plane with many possibilities in mind, including an act of sabotage by terrorists. We received full co-operation in our search efforts from the Governments of Burma, Thailand, India and other countries near the possible crash point- : . . (Mr. Choi, Republic of Korea) On the other hand, the investigation authorities began to examine the identities of the passengers on board the airliner, in particular those who had disembarked from the plane in Abu Dhabi, the flight's first stop-over point. In the process, our suspicions focused on two Japanese named Shinichi Hachiya and Mayumi Hachiya. They were under suspicion for the following reasons: on the entry report forms they had simply written their given names, "Schinichi" and "Mayumi", contrary to the usual custom of Japanese tourists of writing only their family names; they used Korean Air Flight 858 from Baghdad to Abu Dhabi, even putting up with three-to-six-hour waits at airports as transit passengers despite the fact that Bahrain, their planned destination , could be mre conveniently reached by a direct route from Belgrade via Amman; they also checked out of their hotel in Bahrain ahead of schedule after they were approached concerning the plane's disappearance. Acting on these suspicions the Korean Embassy in Bahrain promptly checked on their passports with the Japanese E&assy and discovered that they were falsified. The Bahraini authorities were notified of this and apprehended the two suspects at the airport as they were going through exit procedures. While being held at the airport for questioning they attempted to commit suicide by taking cyanide poison, thus increasing suspicions about their involvement with the bombing of the aircraft. "Shinichi Hachiya" died within hours, but the young woman,Wayumi Hachiya", survived and was hospitalized. Immediately following the suicide attempt , the Government of the Republic of Korea began to suspect strongly that the case had been an act of terrorism committed by North Korea and quickly dispatched an expert investigation team to Bahrain. My Government subsequently sent a special envoy to request the Government of Bahrain to hand over the suspects to the Republic of Korea, explaining that they (Mt. Choi, Republic of Korea) were strongly suspected of being North Korean agents because their method of suicide by taking poison was identical with that usually'used by North Korean agents and the type of poison they had taken was the same as that carried by North Korean agents who had been captured in the past. A further basis for our request was that both Bahrain and the Republic of Korea are contracting parties to the Convention for the suppression of Dnlawful‘ Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation. The investigation began in earnest after the Bahraini authorities agreed to hand over "Mayumi Hachiya', the body of "Shinichi Hachiya", and all the evidence to the Republic of Korea. For a few days after arriving in Seoul on 15 December the female suspect was mostly .in bed owing to the after-effects of the poison and elrhaustion. Nhen she overcame the after-effects, she did not respond to any questions posed in Korean. She pretended to be a Chinese, for example by writing Chinese poems= As time passed, however, she became increasingly agitated because, as she said later, what she saw of life in South Korea on television and on the.streets of Seoul was entirely different from what she had been led to believe. She began to realise that what she had been told while living in the North was totally untrue. It finally dawned on her that she had been exploited as a tool for North Korean terrorist activities. Around 5 p.m. on 23 December , eight days after her arrival in Seoul, she suddenly threw herself into the arms of a female investigator and said, speaking Korean for the first time, "Forgive me. I am sorryl. After that she voluntarily made a detailed confession in Korean. I should now like to provide the Council with a brief, chronological outline of the events, the reconstruction of which had been helped by Kim Hyon-hui's confession. at about 8.30 a.m. on a North Korean airliner, travelling together with two North Koreanofficials. They arrived at Moscow airport at about 6 p.m. in the evening of that day. .-. Next, they left ~scow for Budapest by Aeroflot at midnight of the same day /' and arrived in Budapest early next morning. In Budapest they stayed'at the house . . of a North Korean guidance officer for five nights and six days. : ., )' Cln 18 November the two agents left Hudapest for Vienna by car.. After crossing the Austrian border the North Korean guidance officer travelling along with them from Budapest gave them two forged Japanese passports with falsified exit stamps= So the two agents originating from Pyongyang in North Korea were transformed into Japanese nationals, a father and daughter, named Shinichi Hachiya and 0. .Mayumi Hachiya. i. . Arriving in Vienna the pair checked into the Amparkring Hotel, room 603. ; ‘. Posing as tourists they bought tickets at the Austrian Airlines office for the route Vienna-Belgrade-Baghdad-Abu Dhabi-Bahrain. Thr. Baghdad-Abu Dhabi & ip was booked on Korean Air Flight 858. , ‘, (‘: The following day they also bought tickets for the trip from Abu Dhabi to Rome via Amman on Alitalia , as their escape route after completing their task. On 23 November they left Vienna by Austrian Airlines. After ar i<iviiXb ‘in Belgrade, they checked into the Metropolitan Hotel, room 611i While touring the’ city, they again bought air tickets, this time extending their escape route from. Rome to Vienna on Austrian Airlines. In the evening of 27 November at their hotel they received a time bomb disguised’ as a Japanese-made Panasonic ‘radio’ and liquid explosive in’ ‘a. liquor ‘. bottle from the ‘two guidance officers , who had c&me to Belgrade &m-Vienna by . train. 1 .’ .,: On 28 November they left Belgrade on Iraqi-Airways , a’rriving at the Baghdad airport about 8.30 p.m.. They waited in the transit lounge ,for nearly three hours, and 20 minutes before the scheduled departure of their .flight the elderly agent s-et the timer to de tona te the bomb nine hours later . Then they boarded Rorean Air flight ,‘858 - the ‘target of their operation - which took off about 11.30 p.m. They put the explosives in the compartment over their seats’, 7B and 7C, and,.after a ‘~“-’ three-hour flight, disembarked at the Abu Dhabi airport.' .a , .; Flight 858.continued toward Bangkok ,and is presumed to have’blown up’ in mid- air at around 2.05 p.m., Korean standard time, on 29 November, nine hours after the’- time bomb had been set-and right after the pilot had radioed a message t0 the Rangoon control tower while flying over the Andaman Sea. The message” read,’ *Fj,- ” ‘-’ expect to arrive ‘at Bangkok right on time. Time and location normal”. ~ : : ,-. j Meanwhile, in Abu Dhabi, the two terrorists failed to use their originally planned .escape route - Abu Dhabi+nman-Rome - owing to unexpected visa complications with the Abu Dhabi airport authorities, and they had to fly to .\a Bahrain;“using the tickets bought at Vienna. while in Bahrain, they bought tickees’ for Bahrain-Amman-Rome in exchange -for their unused tickets -routed Abu Dhabi-Amman- Em?. only a few minutes before their scheduled departure for Amman; they were arrested by the authorities at the Bahrain airport. Those are the facts established by the investigation conducted by the Government of the Republic of Korea. The facts are supported by the free confession of the woman identified as Kim Hyon-hui and also by the substantial evidence already presented to the Security Council. ' It has been revealed that the culprits of the KAL-858 boding were two North Korean undercover >' agents disguised as Japanese nationals and using the Japanese ,,,_,,, names Shinichi Hachiya and Mayumi Hachiya. The real name of the team leader, _, Shinichi Hachiya, who killed himself at the Bahrain airport, was confirmed to be, Kim Sung-il, a special agent belonging to the Intelligence Department of the . Central Committee of the North Korean Workers' Party. Mayumi Hachiya, still under investigation, was found to be Kim Hyon-hui , also a special agent belonging to that . . Intelligence Department. . . If there are any member countries represented.around this table which have any doubts about the truthfulness of the confession of this North Korean agent,,, Kim Hyon-hui, my Government is willing to provide them with access to .all,the , evidence available, including interviews with,,this woman,. I which I.am sure will: confirm-that her,confession was given freely and willingly. 1 ,. 1 On 15 January 1988 ,the Government of the Republic of Korea.strongly demanded that North Korea apologize for the bombing, punish those who were directly responsible, and guarantee that there would be no repetition of such a terrorist attack. The North Korean ,reply to our demand has been , as I pointed out earlier, a complete perversion of the truth. They allege that the whole incident was Our Own "fabrication" and that it was the Republic of Korea that carried out-the bombing.,of the air,liner. The statement of the North Korean Foreign Ministry spokesmanon . 25 January 1988 says that "it is a drama staged by the SO+ Korean puppets y .:i. . 1 .’ I ” . / : . <.:.-.; . . . ; . , . , : ” , , . , , . . (Hr. Choi, Republic of Korea) themselves”. Recently they even came'up with another insaneailega'tion'that the Republic of Korea "staged the drama in order to influence the presidential election . campaigntiich was going on at that time'. If that is presented as a serious argument - 'and it does seem to be so intended - it amounts to an insult to the intelligence of the'human species. It is so absurd that it does not even merit‘s reply. NevGrth&less, those‘are sinister allkgations with ominous implications. As noted earlier, we should like to 'point 'to the clear danger of North Korea*'s \., ,?. , repeating its terrorist acts in the future. 'Thus'far, more than 60 Member States of the United 'Kations' and a &tier Of' (1 -. international organisations, including the International Federation of Airline \ Pilots Associations, have registered their outrage and deepest concern by condemning th'e North Korean act of terrorism in strong terms. North Korea should . . not be under any illusion that those who are silent condone their terrorist act. More countries will be joining the ranks of those who, in one way or another, have brought North‘ Korea to adcount 'for this despicable'act of terrorism. Many ' countries have already imposed sanctions against North Korea, including severance! of diplomatic relations. Indeed, it is by virtue of its own deed that North Korea has been made an outcast, an international pariah in the civilized world. The attention given by the Security Council to this incident is both timely and useful. My delegation hopes that consideration of the KAL bombing incident by the Council will contribute to deterring North Korea from carrying out further acts of terrorism. As Kim Ryon-hui, the confessed North Korean agent, said, "I hope there won't be any more such senseless incidents that victimize many innocent people". For the last two decades the Republic of Korea has devoted many efforts to reducing tension and consolidating peace on the Korean peninsula, with a View to paving the way for the eventual reunification of the divided nation. It should be understood in this context that the F&public of Korea@s prop&al for a summit meeting between the two parts of Korea and other initiatives for dialogue have been put forward since 1981. North Korea's policy of rejection notwithstanding, we have consistently pursued a policy of direct talks between the South and the North on the basis of the principle of national self-determination. My own proposal, made in August last year, for Foreign Ministers' meetings between the South and the North with an open-ended agenda is but a reflection of our consistent policy. Unfortunately . , , North Korea not only has rebuffed each and every offer we have made, but has responded to it with the inhuman terrorist bombing of our civilian aircraft. Our open-door policy, which was enunciated in 1973, has gained wide international support. Certainly our improved relations with the socialist countries and their participation in the Seoul Olympics will further contribute to reducing tension on the Korean peninsula and accelerating the emerging trend Of rapprochement between the East and the West. I should like to use this occasion once again to make it clear before this august body, the United Nations Security Council, that the Republic of Korea will continue to pursue the firm policy of dialogue and peace so that we may contribute positively towards strengthening peace and security in that part of the world. As members well know, the 24th Summer Olympiad will be held in Seoul this coming September. At present a record number of 161 States have submitted to the International Olympic Committee their applications for participation in the Games. We firmly believe that the Seoul Olympics will be a great festival for the peace and unity of the whole of humanity. The Government of the Republic of Korea has already accepted the International Olympic Committee proposal to allow North Korea to hold five sports events in Pyongyang, in the earnest hope of ending the confrontation between the South and the North and thus creating a better atmosphere for national reconciliation. The Government and people of the Republic of Korea are resolved to meet the high expectation of the international community by ensuring the success of the 1999 Olympics; Let.me reassure members here and now that the gates of our cities and our hearts are still open to North Korea's participation in the upcoming Olympic Games and that they will stay open as long as is practicable. Before closing I wish to address a few remarks to the North Korean delegation. We, the people of both South and North Korea, have the same culture, use the same language and share an ancient history and national heritage. We both cherish the old Korean saying "Blood is thicker than water". The cause of peace and prosperity and the need for national reconciliation are more compelling than the sorrow and anger we'South Koreans are now undergoing. The feeling of centuries-old brotherhood should override any impulse for .hatred. Although fate has divided us, and divided us deeply, let us not allow Our national division to justify continued breeding of hatred. Let us not turn our national tragedy into a national curse. Let us transform the tragedy into a renewal and reaffirmation of our common nationhood. It is in this context that I strongly urge the North Korean re'gime to pay heed to the strong condemnation of its terrorist acts by the international community, to respond positively to the legitimate demands made by my Government on 15 January 1988 and to renounce terrorism once and for all as an instrument of State policy. Only by taking such steps can North Korea contribute positively to peace and stability on the Korean peninsula and to the ultimate reunification of our divided nation.

I thank the representative of the Republic of Korea for his kind words addressed to me. Mr. KAGAMI (Japan): Mr. President, first X should like to express my sincere thanks for the very kind words of welcome you addressed to me on my assuming the post of Permanent Representative of Japan in the United Nations. I: wish to perform my duties as a member of the Council with the valuable co-operation of representatives around the table. I should also like to express my pleasure at seeing you, Sir, presiding over the meetings of the Security Council during the month of February. In the informal consultations you guided last week, I was genuinely impressed with the effective manner in which you conducted our work, and I am gratified to know that the ‘COUnCil'S formal deliberations will richly benefit from the same wisdom, experience and skill you demonstrated earlier. At the same time, on behalf of my delegation I wish to express my appreciation (Mr. Choi, Republic of Korea) to your predecessor, Sir Crispin Tickell, for the superb manner'in which he led the work of the Council throughout the month of January.' Although I did not have the privilege of being here during his tenure; I look forward to working with'him in the Security Council and in other United Nations forums. The destruction of Korean Airlines Flight 858 on 29.November last year claimed the innocent lives of 115 passengers and crew members. Incidents such as this must never be repeated.' It is Japan's hope that in the course of these deliberations the members of the Security Council will closely examine the facts concerning this incident and, sharing Japan's views and concerns, will co-operate in denouncing and rejecting this act, as well as in preventing the recurrence of similar acts in the future. Japan has requested the convening of the Security Council in particular for the following two reasons. ., First, I should like to call.attention to the fact that Japan was also a victim of .this incident in that the North Korean agents pretended to be .Japanese nationals. Thus, had Kim Hyon-hui, who was one of them, been successful 'in her suicide attempt and her false identity had not been revealed, the world tiould have' had the impression that the destruction,of the Korean air liner, which claimed 115 lives, was caused by Japanese nationals. The incident would then have harmed the. relations which Japan enjoys with the Republic of Korea. The incident must be condemned as an attempt to heighten tension in international realtions in East Asia and to jeopardize the peace and security of the region. Secondly, 4t must be pointed out that the incident was carried out as a terrorist~action organized by North Korea. Having conducted wide-ranging I,' investigations, including the deposition taken from Kim Hyon-hui, the Government Of the Republic of Korea, which was the major target of the incident, reached the (Mr. Kagami, Japan) (Mr. Kagami, Japan) ‘ conclusion that,Kore+ Airlines Flight 858 was.blown up .by North,Korean .agents, '. acting on orders from North Korean authorities. : The Government:of Japan also 'has-: . : , gathered evidence substantiating those findings and is convinced .that the,explosion ‘was caused by North Korean agents. .,. .,. . . '. ..Such terrorist.acts are a grave,violation,of international law and threaten international peace-and security. Clearly, they are.inexcusable. 1.1 9 '.: -. C' Of the facts that.it has cbtained.directly, the.Governsmnt of.Japan would like' to stress the following two points. I : ~; ., ',. ".' First,.jyst after Korean Airlines Flight 858 disappeared, localJapanese + ::- .-.: '- : embassies checked the flight's passenger.list-and ascertained that a man and woman. thought to be Japanese had boarded the aircraft in Baghdad and disembarked in Abu Dhabi. Upon inspecting passport applications and related.documents on file. in Japan, the woman's passport was found to be a forgery. ()n the basis of that. : -.-J finding, and,with the-co-operation of the authorities in,Bahrain; :Japanese ' Government personnel followed the coupled In compliance vith Japan's request, the' local authorities detained the couple at the Bahrain airport as.they.were about to leave the country. While being questioned in the presence of Japanese embassy . ..'. personnel, the couple attempted to commit suicide by biting into,.poison.capsules. The.man died but the woman survived. . : '; Through an investigation of the couple's passports that was undertaken in Japan, it became known that Mr. Shinichi Hachiya, in whose name the man's .passport was issued, was in fact in Japan. According to Hachiya's-testimony, it~was' ,:' ascertained that he had obtained his passport at-the suggestion of someone the Japanese police authorities had identified as a North Korean agent, and had-lent it to,.that agent for approximately 10 days. L ,: Moreover, according to her own testimony, in July of 1984 Kim Hyon-hui Was * _ : .-., ! j. -. : ,; ', ( 5.j : , * ) '- ,. .' ,i. ., '* instructed 'to'bave her passport phot&aphtaken -at a guest house in Pyongyang, '&d .I -, ; .I' . : i ,. : . . ; ,, .,.,'. ,, , in August she signed a forged passport. Japanese experts who have examined the -, i ..,. passports have reported that they were very skilfully made and could only be the 11 I, , ," 7. . . , . . . work of an organized forgery group. / : _.I. Secondly, the Japanese Government had its own officials question Kim Hyon-hui, ,, (8 (' .. and be&me convinced thather testimony that, among other things, she blew UP Flight 858'on the instructions of North Korea , was given voluntarily and was highly- ,.. .1 ',. : s . _* ,...,_ 1 ,I in addition, the.&edihility of her 'testfmony is.reinforced by the fact l.... .., .,I credible. that the countries concerned have confirmed the 'details she supplied with'regard to her travels with her companion in preparation for the bombing of the air&aft. _. . . )_ _ ‘.., In order to show its unequivocal opposition to-internattonal‘terrorism, and as , , . a stern warning not to repeat such acts, 'the Japanese Government has recently taken certain measures restricting contacts andvisits between Jal&n and North Korea. ._ ..' . Japan'tt&ts'that these measures will gain- the broad understanding of the ‘ international 'community. " : " ,,. '_ , “ '.' : , .: '. Let us pause for a moment to recall the efforts of the international community ._. '. I ,-; ,; for the prevention of terrorism. Japan-has long'taken the *position that aCtS Of -,. I .fU. terrorism against aircraft , or other terrorist acts, regardless of motive or .,.~. ; . . pu+o=, are a&s 'against world peace and order, and cannot be tolerated. Acts of ' terrorism must be condemned'and rejected by the international community'in the' r ,: * ( '~ :; strongest possible terms. In recent ye&s the General A!isembly has'abopted ' _ ., resolutions 40/61 and 42/159, condemning all forms of terrorism as criminal. r : -. .I Moreover, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAG) has taken active stepk to prevent terrorist acts against civil aviation. It is extremely regrettable that such terrorist acts , which claim many innocent lives, nevertheless continue. (Mr. Kagami, Japan) . A State that or&nizes, assists or acquiesces in such terrorist acts clearly ,. % violates its obligations under international law and poses a grave challenge to : ;,,: , ,I :- .-; : 8 I. ,- :, ;:- . ,.' r. -.'I L‘.' 1' international peace and security. Indeed, the framework of co-operation for the . ._ 1.* :; 1 : : prevention of terrorism, which, after much effort, is just now being established by . . 1 the international community , could be seriously undermined when these basic -' obligations are not honoured. 1 _/I1‘ Unless we confront terrorist acts such as this , we will be faced with the I * ~ _. destruction of the safety and order of international civil aviation, which.,has been : _..: I ". ; ,' ,. , I achieved chiefly through the efforts of ICXO, and international peace and securiity . . / :,,') * ,h" :.. * will be gravely threatened. The recurrence of such incidents must be prevented. , 1 I' j The Security Council, whose primary responsibility is the maintenance of , ', ; .i i international peace and security, should seize the initiative and conduct serious t I : , : 5' . . . deliberations on this incident to ensure that such acts of international terror,fsm :- 1 ', .I? ;'.. , are prevented in every corner of the earth. I i ,. I' *.. : At the same time, Japan sincerely hopes that all members of the international /:' ~ ' , : :. ,' community, building on the work that has been pursued over many years in various I international forums, and particularly in the United Nations, will. unite to promote :" _'I -. international co-operation in the prevention of terrorism. AS is made clear, in I, : "* " .. particular, in the General Assembly Declaration on enhancing the effectiveness of the principle of the non-use of force : , which was adopted last year, and in General ." Assembly resolution 42/159, the international community as a whole recognises that -, _' ~ terrorism je,opardizes relations between States and poses a threat to international : peace and security. Now that this view is held by every State, the prevention of _. terrorism must be the urgent task of the international community. ” : The desire that the Seoul Olympics , scheduled for September this year, shall, il ',! : '. _ ; :-A .;. ; . . , )' ? . '. . . . . .,' :' ', take place without incident is shared by 5 billion people. !t is e*temgfy .: "' . regrettable that this terrorist incident occurred at the very moment.when the . . . '_ ;- Governments and peoples of every country are co-operating to ensure the success of '. the Games. ,. Japan hopes that the Olympics will be a success, and it will extend,all possible assistance to ensure the safety of the athletes and spectators .from many. ..' . . _ countries who will be passing through Japan, for the Games. We trust that all other . > - . . . 2 countries will co-operate as well. !. 1,: ‘- L . '. " *::‘ ,:,, ,_'.* :.,:. :: .__. .;;I . ..i : liCI _ i ",,-;'cai ....., I- ;,"I: * ,i c . . 'The Government of Japan sincerely hopes that the internation.al,.cofirmu.ni~y,-:,.,., ,.I .' .which is- represented.here today , will fully appreciate the facts,surrounding this incident and,will strongly appeal to Worth Korea to refrain from repeating such ._ * . criminal acts. '. _. Finally, on this occasion I wish on behalf of the Government and the people yf :; . . 5:. Japan to express my condolences to the bereaved families of the victims of.this ..,.. , . _.. incident. '_ I _- , ,

I thank the representative of Japan for his kind words _, ./ / addressed to me. The next speaker is the.representative of the Democratic,People@s Republic of .,,F. I- i Korea, on whom I now call. I Mr, PAK (Democratic People's Republic of Korea): Peace in the, Korean ' ,, . peninsula, is directly linked with the peace and security of the world - in ,, particular, security in Asia and the Pacific region,. Artificial division of the ',+. ,( a Korean peninsula for about half a century, prolonging the state of armistice for ,,,. nearly four decades, constitutes a constant source of war and military tension. The presence of more than a thousand nuclear weapons of various types and 43,400 American troops in this small peninsula and the conduct of extremely adventurous (Mr. Kagami, Japan) . . and offensive military exercises every year - with more than 200,000 regular troops and strategic command and nuclear command aircraft and nuclear attack control planes - are further evidence of the extremely tense situation in Korea. This arouses much concern, on the part not only of the Korean people, but also of the peace-loving people in the region and in the rest of the world. In this Situation war could break out as a result of any accidental happening in Korea and could easily become a thermonuclear world war, extending beyond the boundaries.of Korea. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea, out of a sense of responsibility for the destiny of the nation and its noble mission for global peace, has put forward many proposals -for a durable peace in the Korean peninsula and has made every sincere effort for their realisation. The proposal to conclude a peace agreement between the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the United States and to adopt a non-aggression declaration between the two sides in Korea) the Proposal to convert the Korean peninsula into a nuclear-free zone of peace; the proposal for high-level political and military talks between the north and the south: all these'proposals are tntended to bring about a durable peace in the peninsula. fn order to ease tension and remove the danger of war in the Korean peninsula, sharp military confrontation must be dissolved and complete disarmament realized. To that end the Democratic People*s Republic of Korea made an important proposal last July on a massive military reduction in the Korean peninsula and on the s' holding of multinational disarmament negotiations on the Korean question between the parties concerned. (Mr. Pak, Democratic People's Republic of Korea) Should the proposal for military reductions be implemented, the armed forces in the north and in the south of Korea would be reduced to 100,000 or less in 1992; the Korean peninsula would be free of foreign forces and foreign military bases, and the demilitarized zone along the military demarcation line would be converted to a full-fledged peace corridor. That would eradicate the root causes that could lead to another war on the Koreanpeninsula, bring lasting peace and open bright prospects for the independent and peaceful reunification of the country. Our sincere efforts, however, have thus far received no positive response from the United States and South Korea. The situation on the Korean peninsula has shown no signs of relaxation, but only of further aggravation. This year too,-the United States has decided to conduct large-scale joint military exercises, code-named "Team Spirit 88", against the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The United States plans to mobilize armed forces more. than 200,000 strong in the "Team Spirit 88" joint military exercises to be staged from February to May. Of this huge armed force, United States forces nuder more than 60,000 men and South Korean army forces more than 140,000. At the same time, the United States is trying to hold war games simulating an all-out nuclear attack from the ground, the air and the sea, with the mobilization of various kinds of warplanes , and aircraft carriers and many other warships. The United States plans to deploy one or two aircraft carriers with six to 10 escort ships around the coastal waters of South Korea, to brjng Okinawa-based warplanes to air bases in South Korea, and to mobilize amphibious marine battalions in South South Korea, and to mobilize amphibious marine battalions in South occasion of the Olympics. occasion of the Olympics. s Korea on the At present, the world's peoples are expressing deep concern, saying that 1988 will be a most strained and complex year on the Korean peninsula in view of the internal situation in South Korea. Today's aggravated tension will eventually turn- the peninsula into a blasting fuse that could ignite another global war. We do not want to see such a situation. The United Nations, given its purpose of maintaining international peace and security, should give due attention to the issue of easing tension on the Korean peninsula and ensuring. peace and security there. The Security Council in particular should have placed this matter on the agenda of its current meetings. To our regret, however, the Security Council is now discussing the so-called KAL incident, a matter which does not serve the mission and purposes of the Security Council, and which has no credibility. Since the so-called representative of South Korea has-attempted to mislead world public opinion, linking the KAL incident with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea without any grounds, the delegation of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea considers it its legitimate right to state before the Council its position regarding the KAL incident. The Government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea has consistently pursued a policy centred,on human beings , a policy which places the highest value On the Sovereignty and dignity of man. Proceeding from that stance, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea has enforced a law strictly prohibiting all kinds Of human rights violations and oppression. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is opposed to all kinds of terrorist acts and holds that the safety of international civilian aircraft should be fully ensured. We have no reason or purpose in destroying a South Korean civilian . airliner. We have nothing to gain from the destruction of a South Korean civilian airliner. We are brothers and sisters, and we always side with the South Korean people. How can it be imagined that we would harm the South Korean workers who were on board the passenger plane? I take this opportunity solemnly to state the position of my Government that the Democratic People's Republic of Korea had nothing to do with the incident Of the missing South'Korean Air Flight 858; we categorically reject the so-called findings of the investigation the South Korean authorities have produced to shift the responsibility for the KAL incident onto the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. As far as the KAL incident advertised so loudly by the SouthKorean authorities is concerned, this is nothing -more than a drama written and acted by the highest South Korean authorities themselves. I should like to take this opportunity to bring to the attention of the SeCUrity Council the true facts of the KAL incidents , on the basis of reliable information. Here is the background of the KAL incident. The KAL incident occurred on 29 November 1987,.but its background goes further back, to August 1987. Like all .. other abnormal incidents, the KAL incident too was the outcome of the insecure political situation within South Korea. The movement for constitutional reform, which had continued from the previous year, expanded further into a more powerful anti- "Government" struggle because of the case of the torture killing of Pak Jong Chol that was revealed early in January last year.. Driven Ant0 a corner, the ruling CirdeS hoped for such from.the "important x decision",.of 13 April, but this turned out to be.only the.catalyst that caused-the 1, eruption of:resistance by all social-strata, and the situation finally developed I fast into the explosion of the June popular uprising. .;; Aware pf the difficulty of saving the.situation by resorting. to physical strength, the ruling circles put.out the so-called Roh Tae Woo.declaration,of ‘ 29 June,,which,was carefully calculated under Washington's manipulation.~ But this to0 agitated among the majority people the,climate for.democratization, and. a-: :. _' . ..I accelerated ,the spirit of reunification. . , <-:,.. 4 Amidst the unprecedented democratic labour movement,‘ which continued for three yi months - the very.first in .the.history of the South Korean labour movement-- there was a sharp confrontation between the "theory of combination ofthe movement for '_.- ,> democratization with the movement for reunification" and the "theory of unity Of I? popular masses", w,hich as time passed greatly aroused among .the peop&+,qe (. pro-communist spirit-in favour of national reunification. ,. I .._ By this time, within the ruling circles of South Korea they were very eager to __ find a way,to save the situation, but they failed to find any admirable ingenious designs. -3 one day in August last year Roh Tae woo called his cronies to the place i "X Poo" and told them that some kind of emergency measures must,be taken SO as to , carry out the forthcoming December "presidential elections" without fail-and to guarantee-the two grand celebrations -. the Olympics and the "government transfer" .-. '-. the.follcwing year. The scenario of the KAL incident was devised against that background. . . (dr. Pak, Democratic People's Republic of Korea) With regard to "Plan Me&l", during the confab on that day'fn August'one of Rob's cronies who had understood 'Rob Tae woo*$'intent~on~ -promptl'y &&$nded'by '." : giving strict orders to the headquarters of the . . '. 'Democratic Justice Party" to take ' emergency measures. After several days of confabs and discussions, the plans I worked out by the headquarters of the "Democratic Justice Party"'were as iollows: first, 'the number one plan was to reverse the cur'rent .situation by issuing a " s&called second declaration of Roh Tae Woo , 'as had been done ear'lier when' the June '*,;", 5-i. uprising Was cooled down by the so-called ~2$L&e d~clar~tidn'.o;;'be'mbdracir;"~i;e; .' *. first declaration of Roh Tie Woo; and, secondly, ,, . ; 31, - the second plan was to have reCOkSe to a new "shocking remedy" that'could suddenly turn public opinion. In a.word, the 'declaration of Roh Tae Woo" was 'designed toattract popuiar support'by giving up the peaceful reunification plan'and abusing the nation's _ aspirations for reunifica'tfon.‘ The new "shocking remedy" consisted in devising an attempted shooting incident of Rbh Tae woo or'to blaw up the main stadiu'ms for the -' 1988 Olympics in'order.to blame ‘them on "acts of the Nor.th". ‘ : That plan was immediately presented to Roh Tae woo. After‘ consulting on the '..L y I. two plans with his cronies,' Roh Tae woo got permission to go ahead from Chon Doo Hwani' Plan Aumber one was reserved. Plan number two was modified and new 5. ', details'were added. .'The plan arose out of the calculation that measures to shock '. the nation($- mentality with an affair touching upon security would be much more effective than som6~polic; statement on'the reunification question in reversing the atmosphere of "election". The reasons for modification of plan number two resided in the fact 'that the opportunity to furnish proof‘to link it with.the Democratic People's Republic of Korea would be difficult because of the explosion at the Kim PO Airport in 1986 and that its influende at home anc abroad would not be great. : - . : : ; , : , . . . I Because of this, Roh Tae ,Woo's cronies decided to move thescene of action to ,' I‘ : .,... . , I. _ I. another country where public opinion could be more effectively won over and where,, ', : . conditions would be favourable to fabricating an incident, further modifying the plan. The model for the new modification was the American "scenario of warfare :. against North Korea" that had been enacted during the course of .the map,exercise of ,: July of the previous year. 'L The scenario for that mock map exercise was drawn up.by, high-ranking *South Korean officials and high-ranking American generals, includ+g .,_ ,. i, ., .,T.L the United States Commander in South Korea, along with Chon Doo Bwan and 1 ,. .: Roh Tae Woo. According to that scenario, the situation would be.saved by igniting . .' a partial war along the truce line, thereby simulating a crisis in South Korea, with the 1988 Olympics ahead. In other words, the plan was now to blow up the I ' I , plane carrying the South Korean Foreign Minister on his visit to Japan in -the sky '. ', _. above the East Sea of Korea in May of this year and to inflict a so-called instant . retaliation upon the North by denouncing it as *an act by the North". This notion became the basis,of the scenario for the KAL incident. ._ ,-. ,. In order to concretize that scenario agreed upon between Chon Uoo Uwan and : .' I. ', Roh Tae Woo, a special planning and operation team was formed made up of ~ . . Rob Tae WOO'S confidants belonging to the Agency for National Security,Planning and _' 1 '. Public Security Command of South Korea. This was a confidential team under the . . direct control of Fbh Tae Woo. The team was created to be a special team and was not included in either the Agency for National Security Planning.or the Public Security Command. That is because the team had to be kept secret, and Roh Tae Woo .' had limited administrative power because he was still President of the "Democratic '_ Justice Party". That is how, following this "idea", the planning team made it "Plan Memo-l". I "Plan Memo-l" records that an international passenger plane would be blown Up by the.so-called,spy 'from the- North' and .it‘gives *the following detailed operational guideline; its keynote' is': Date: mid-November;'Air Route: .Singapore-Seoul; Object: KAL. In addition, "Plan Memo-l" conta‘ins operational guidelines and action tactics, .among'them the composition of 'the operations team for the explosion of the passenger plane;-with "R-08".as operations officer , 'and a covering team to ensure' conditions and means of evacuation. It also details the principles'for information' and following counter-measures, such as dissemination of the alleged crime committed by the North via the mass media following the blowing up of the passenger plane. There is an added note that if the operation succeeds it will change at a stroke the unfavourable phase of "election" and have the effect of killing two birds with one stone with regard to the political situation. With regard to "Plan Memo-2 ", selection of the culprit to blow UP the passenger plane was the most difficult problem in translating "Plan Memo-l" into practice. That was because the real criminals would be the agents of the Agency for National Security Planning, but the false culprits would have to be persons who could be connected with the North. In its search for a false culprit the operations team issued an immediate order to its overseas agents of the Agency for National Security Planning to select and secure immediately some objects that could possibly be "connected with the North", among them foreigners on the South Korean intelligence agency's black list on a visit to foreign countries. The following message, dated 19 November 1987, from Vienna, Austria, is one of the replies received from the overseas agents. It reads: "We grasped father and daughter who are possessed of Japanese passports. Hachiya Shinichi, male, 69, is identified as a 'P' who has been to South Korea on five occasions since 1984. Hachiya Mayumi, female, 27, is not identified. November the to depart on 23 from Vienna for They booked on 19 Manama airliner the destination, Manama via Deograd-Baghdad-Abu Dhabi (29th)." The operations team examined and analysed the message and noted that the selection of the aforementioned persons as the "explosion criminals" of the passenger plane "is most advisable." As for "Hachiya Shinichi", he is a person under the surveillance of the South Korean authorities for his acts of smuggling while visiting South Korea. The selection of these two persons as the "criminals" was attributable to the COnClUSiOn that they possessed Japanese passports and travelled routes along which 'there are North Korean errbassies and comparatively many North Korean travellers take, and'therefore it was not unreasonable that public opinion could be led to believe that they were enemy forces and terrorists who had penetrated onto the KAL on 'orders from the North". In pursuance of this conclusion the operation team modified, supplemented and perfected the original plan to use the Singapore-Seoul international a.ir route and immediately worked out "Plan Memo 2" to decisive effect by making use of the travel courses and dates and times of "Shinichi" and %¶ayumi". "Date and time: 29 November "Router Baghdad-Abu Dhabi-Bangkok-Seoul "Object: 'Plan Memo 2' , which was renamed as the South Korean Air Flight 858, explains that the agent who will explode the passenger plane is called 'H 207', dispatched as a crew of the plane, and the reason why the airliner was renamed as the KAL 858 is that the KAL 858 operated since 1971 was a worn-out plane that had twice belly-&ded in accidents and was already ensured for up to $US 50 million. This 'Plan Memo 2' was secretly chosen as the final operation memo of the KAL incident this time and this operation was named 'K-87 Operation'". With regard to the "K-87 Operation", the curtain of the KAL incident has been raised at last. Sy.'wireless message from Seoul the order was given to an agent in Vienna tOeaCCOmpany and follow the subjects to Baghdad and hand them over. Meanwhile, the agent in Bahrain was ordered to follow them immediately upon their arrival in Bahrain and to contact them in the hotel, and the agent in Abu Dhabi was ordered to remove from the plane 11 persons connected with the Foreign Ministry (Mt. Pak, Democratic People's Republic of Korea) This emergency instruction was executed as ordered. Deplaned at Abu Dhabi airport were those two subjects, father and daughter, nine shift .crewmen, and 11 officials of the Foreign Ministry, including Bak Gee Hyong, purser of the airplane. Those remaining aboard the plane were mainly South Korean construction employees who had been dispatched to the Middle East. ' Among those who had deplaned at the airport there was also 'H 107", a secret agent from the Agency for National Security Planning, who had installed the explosive materials in the plane. Thus the KAL, loaded with some 100 workers, exploded as scheduled in Burmese air space, around 2 p.m. on 29 November, by explosives installed by the agent from the Agency for National Security Planning of South Korea. "Shinichi" and "Mayumi" ' , who had nothing to do with the incident and were unaware-of it, changed to the "Karuhu* aeroplane in Abu Dhabi Airport and arriving at Manama, Capital of Bahrain, unpacked their luggage in the Regency Hotel. Kim Jong Gee, Second Secretary of the South Korean Erdbassy in Bahrain and the agent dispatched by the Agency for National Security Planning who had followed "Shinichi" and %ayumia , sent a telegram to the Seoul head office on their arrival. Meanwhile in Seoul the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of South Korea officially requested its counterpart of Japan for the identification of those two persons as a formality. Even before receiving confirmation of their identification from the Japanese authorities, Kim Jong Gee , on order from the head office, went on the evening of the 30th t0 the Regency Eotel to confirm their identification without notifying the _1 Bahrain authorities. This was done in order to shock the subjects and make them move SO as to bring them under suspicion as being involved in the KAL incident. As expected by the South Korean plotters, %hinichi" and %¶ayumi", startled by Kim Jong Gee's'unexpected visit to the hotel and identification, hurried out to the airport to fly to Pome the next day, 1 Decenber, changing their three-day itinerary. The south Korean secret agents who had hurriedly been dispatched to Manama and kept an eye on "Shinichi' and his party stealthily changed, just before their departure from the hotel, the cigarette case belonging to "Shfnichi', replacing it with one containing a poisonous drug they had brought from Seoul. Upon their arrival at the airport the Japanese Embassy, at the request of the South Korean Embassy, asked the Manama police to hold the bearers of the passport of its country. As was previously learned by the Japanese authority concerned, the passports of those two persons, father and daughter, were shams. "Shinichi", while being held, before dying smoked the cigarettes stealthily planted by the South Korean secret agents, anxious as he was about his crimes Of forging passports and smuggling. "Shinichi" did not commit suicide, as was reported by the South Korean mass media, but was poisoned by the South Korean secret agents. They poisoned only "Shinichf* and allowed "Mayumi" to live, because keeping one person alive of the two was favourable to branding them as the "criminals" responsible for the KAL incident. Shocked at the sudden death of "Shinichi", "Mayumi' fainted and fell to the ground. The fainting by "Mayumi" was irnnediately distortedly reported as an attempt at suicide. As 'Mayumi" had not gotten the poison cigarettes she could not have attempted suicide. f come nm to the seamy side of the "extradition". The operation was successfully carried out as planned, The remaining task Was to make both "Shinichi" and "Mayumi" the criminals who had blown up the plane, but the problem was that "Mayumi", who had been detained and under investigation by the the problem was that "Mayumi", who had been detained and under investigation by the Bahrain authorities, exercised the right to keep silent, being afraid of disclosure of.'her previous smuggiing.' The operation'team of the Agency for National Security Planning originally arranged even the pl& to effect the'forced extradition in anticipation Of a situation where the Bahrain authorities could not brand "Mayumi" as the criminal of the airplane explosion as she had no connection with that incident. But, I , unexpectedly, the'matter of "extradition" encountered difficulties under international law. According to international law and customs, the priority right to investigate a criminal of another country is given to the country arresting the criminal, and then to the criminal's country and the damaged country. If south Korea, the damaged party concerned, wanted to extradite "Mayumi", it should at least have had the wreck of the airplane to prove the mid-air explosion and 'Mayumi" herself should have admitted the criminal act of the explosion, with the material evidence confirming it. HoweGei, ' "Mayaumi" consistently used the right to keep silent,'and her I nationality and social position were not clarified nor the wreck‘of the airplane found at all. Therefore the operations team gave instructions to hold diplomatic negotiations with the. Bahrain side,while fabricating material evidence COnCerniqg this incident.' Following this instruction, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Choe Gwang Soo, sent a note to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bahrain, Mubarak Ala-Khalifa, requesting co-operation , and the First Vice-Minister of Foreign Minister, Park Soo Gil, was dismtched in a hurry to the spot, taking with him on the plane a lot of money and valuables for the negotiations with the Bahrain authorities concerned with the extradition of Wayumi". Park Soo Gil himself ', ,, ._' been spent for'"Mayumi"'s confessed that several million United States dollars had * , .' extradition. And, for the extradition, the operation team tried from the outset of this incident to spread the rumour that it had been comnitted by the north; at the same time, they constantly reported the concocted news that she had *south-Korean nationality' and spoke Korean well, that dead "Shinichi" was "Miyornato* or *Gozumi* or the formar Second Secretary of the north Korean Embassy in Malaysia and a Japanese red army man, a spy of north Korea. However, no material evidence has been found to confirm that "Mayumi" and.her : :._ . . . .,. .;-. companion were the criminals of the aircraft explosion in the air, nor have any traces been found that they carried the explosive to the plane in their belongings, or the wreck of the aircraft. Thus the extradition was not smoothly effected. So they fabricated the false "material proof" that they had found a trace that the explosive had been kept in the buckle of the dead *Shinichi*s* belt and they conducted an operation secretly - ~ to drop fabricated wreckage of a plane in the waters where Burmese fisherman could < * collect it. This operation had to be done in top secret. If they had carried the . fabricated wreckage in a charter plane from Seoul, it would have been discovered at ‘ the Burmese airport. Therefore, they devised another way - which they regarded as the best plan - to withdraw the on-the-spot-fnvestigatian team under the pretext of the impossibility of doing the spot-investigation work, and later to send the team . : . . .(,. , again, under an appropriate pretext, to scatter the fabricated wreckage of the KAz aircraft, loaded on the investigation plane , allegedly to investigate the sea waters. According to them, on 9 December last they suddenly withdrew ehe *on-the-spot-investigation team* and then dispatched it again at dawn on 13 December, after -having aired on 10 December the unofficial false report that a * . . , , !3 , . - 1 i . United States reconnaissance'plane had'discovered the remains of the KAL aircraft in the sea over Andaman Bay in Burma. At that time they carried the sham remains in the investigation‘plane in order to scatter them over the seas of Andaman Say, and a Burmese cargo vessel immediately found them. Meanwhile, according to information leaked by the south Korean authorities concerned, the south Korean authorities reportedly asked the Japanese public ‘ !‘) ‘T’ f i / .,.. I security‘authorities .fo'r so&&d &vance consent, while planning and executing .-. the KAL explosion incident, and requested that a tacit agreement be made that "Mayumi" and 'Shinichi" were not Japanese citizens and that their "extradition" would not be demanded. .That is the reason why the Japanese public security authorities officially ' waived the "extradition" of %ayumi", while waving around the forged information in _'. an attempt to'prove the allegation of Rob Tae Woo that the "crime was committed by the north" i as soon as the incident had occurred. Therefore, the South Korean rulers could not effect the "extradition" of "Mayumi' immediately; only by bribing and threatening the investigation authorities of the Bahrain Home Affairs Ministry could they carry it out dramatically, on the eve of the day of the "presidential elections". The aim was to win victory in the "election" by giving the people a psychological shock. ' The assertion of the alleged "crime by the north" , announced by the Agency for National Security Planning; through the n results of the investigation' of '"Mayumi", is the masquerade produced in accordance with the scenario which was written by the "Roh Tae WOO groups" and which has no credibility. That is the seamy side of the incident. . In connection with the investigation findings on the KAL incident announced by , . . . II ‘ the south Korean authorities and attached to document S/1948,!, ,the delegation of ,‘,'. .i(. the Democratic People's Republic of Korea considers it necessary to declare ,that _ these so-called results of investigation are a fabrication, full of, lies, deceptions and contradictions. I turn first to the fabrication of names, addresses and careers of the two .I. . Japanese-passport holders. . :.. The South Korean plotters changed the names,of ,!$e.,two Japanese-passport b 1‘: : ,_ ., . (> . , * , .,,..A.. % .? i.: 1 I . carriers into Korean names and fabricated the addresses and careers of -those I perSOnS in order .to refer to them as "operatives" from the north. But in Our northern half there are no persons who have such names and career,s as announced by the south Koreans. The south Korean author ities clanour about a school career in order to connect 1 the woman named "Mayumi" with us, at any cost. But she was not in the register of any Primary school, middle school or university in Pyongyang that they claimed she had attended, and there.are no university and training centres at which she could have received the "criminal training” that they insisted she had received., "' Furthermore, the assertion has been made that she is 26 years old and had been chosen in February 1980, when she was a second-year student, after having gone . . through one year of a preparatory course in a university, and had received "special training“ for seven years and eight months. If that is true, her. age must be 28, in view of the normal school age in our Pepublic. But the south Koreans have . announced that her age is 26. announced that her age is 26. Their assertion is full of Their assertion is full of incomprehensible incomprehensible . contradictions: contradictions: how her age is counted and when she went how her age is counted and when she went to university and to university and received "special training". received "special training". In an attempt to make the so-called investigation results sound plausible, the south Koreans are even talking about the name of her father, his age, his career and his occupation. But there is no diplomat with such a name and age, and there is no one with a similar career in the Mission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in Angola. Now world public opinion believes that Wayumi" , who appeared at the press conference on 15 January, is an "intelligence agent of south Korea used by the south KOtean Government to concoct the KAL incident"; "south-Korean-born Mayumi" "false Mayumi " , and that another woman was substituted for "IQyumi l in Bahrain or Seoul. Foreign news amzdia said: "The 'Mayumi' who appeared at the press conference is different from the 'Mayumi ' when she was escorted. Her hair was short a month ago but now is shoulder-length. It should not have been so long". (Japanese Asahi Shimbun, 16 January 1988) *A Japanese journalist who saw %ayumi@ at Seoul Kim PO airport said that she looked quite different'. (Japanese Yomiuri Shimbun, 16 January 1988) 'The rumour is going around that 'Mayumi' is a sham, and that it is a drama staged by authorities on the eve of presidential elections". (Japanese Sankei Shimbun, 15 January 1988) There is no material evidence to confirm the KAL incident. While the south Koreans linked the woman called "MayumiW with us and made her public as the Criminal in the destruction of the KAL aircraft, they produced no material evidence. This proves chat the 'results of investigation" are a fabrication. (Mr. Pak, Democratic People's Pepublic of Korea) ~!.~qJm .*e point of vieyof a criminal investigation, it is a.matter of common SenSe that no incident can be recognized when there is only the statement of a suspect, without raaterial evidence. without material evidence which confirms the statement of a suspect, if a sham criminal makes a false statement the authenticity of that statement cannot be confirmed. Therefor.e, if the aerial explosion of the south Korean passenger aircraft is to be clarified, first of all there should be the remains of the aircraft as materiB.1 evidence, and those remains should be verified. But the south Koreans could not produce a single piece of material evidence in what they call their ‘results of investigation*. The remains of the aircraft and the lifesaving boat, the emergency food and emergency medicines, and so forth, advertised by them as floating matter, have no plausibility. ‘/ (Mr. Pak, Democratic People's Republic 6f Korea) . . (Mr. Pak, Democratic People's Republic of Korea) If the KAL plane was exploded in the sky above the Andaman Sea and,its remains fell into the sea, where is the *black box", which is said to withstand a * temperature of 1,000 degrees centigrade and shock a thousand times that of normal gravitation and to operate in, the sea , and how could only the above mentioned matter float? The Karen tribe, in the border area of Burma, seized the body of pl&e and dead bodies and the belongings of passengers ;and it proposed negotiation on them.. This fact more clearly proves that the "remains" put forward by the south Koreans as the only evidence are not real things but sham "remains" they themselves scattered. The south Koreans claim that criminals deplaned, leaving a transistor radio planted with a time bomb and a bottle of liquid explosive as a means of derial explosion of the plane in the luggage compartment. This is nonsense which does not hold water. In December of last year, the south Korean authorities reported that the couple with Japanese passports were shadowed and watched all the time, from Vienna to Abu Dhabi via Baghdad. The watchers therefore could never fail to see the two c alighting from the plane after shelving a transistor radio and a wine bottle, which are not small things. It is quite unimaginable and impossible - even if they left their luggage on the plane before disembarking - that more than 20 agents of the Agency for National Security Planning aboard the plane and its crew could not discover them in the nine hours before its explosion.. Now observers cast deep doubts on how the Japanese couple could carry the explosives onto the KAL air liner. According to the “written statement. of ~ayumi , only batteries posed a problem at both Belgrade and Baghdad airports , when they were searched along with their personal belongings, but the radio containing “350 grams of Composition C4” and liquid explosive in a whisky bottle were not detected by security checks at the two airports. The Yugoslav airport authorities, however, asserted in a nation-wide telecast that nobody could carry explosives into an aeroplane cabin as one of the latest types of explosive detectors had been installed. It is known that a the Baghdad airport is placed under strict supervision as tensions continue there due to the Iran-Iraq war. It is said that the security check is extremely strict there to prevent aircraft bombing or hijack.Sng. Moreover, ‘Mayumi’ and her companion were transit passengers. It is an anti-terrorist measure taken by air-liner companies to keep a strict watch on the luggage of transit passengers. ” Even if they had passed through the two airport check-points, where there is a strict checking system, it would have been virtually impossible to leave the explosives in the cabin of the KAL jet liner. A KAL air liner usually has two security officers aboard to prevent terrorism. It was also more difficult to plant a bomb in the plane cabin as they had been shadowed by South Korean agents from Vienna. I come new to the unconvincing confession. The South Koreans stood Mayumi before the reporters on 15 January to give plausibility to the announcement of the so-called results of investigation, lacking any mater ial evidence , only to show how basely they had fabricated the incident. ,. (Mr. Pak, Democratic People's Republic of Korea) / , :. L -. hi ".,> *,'. :. . . . ~ The.woman who the's~~th'F?orean;a;l~o~itids &i&d hailed f&n the north was made : ~. , ‘, written.'by the-&investigation officer; uttering 'tibia for TV, to read the'sper "sokjoe" for atonement and “yak jubyong * for rice wine bottle - words used by south Koreans only, not by the peopie in the northern half of the country. Although she was escorted to Seoul with a gag in her mouth , she was given the chance to go. about -' ."> /. . freely.in a car, sightseeing like a tourist, and was asked to give impressions of 3, the so-called presidential elections, which she did not see either. _ ..: i\ "1'" .,,&,'. ~, 'l.' \. The confession, as well as the ;&vestigation reports" .," :,. . : I~:'," ., with a 'written statement", are, however, far from convincing the world public of the "truth" of the KAL incident and are making it have deeper doubts on the drama. Suzuki Matsumi, President of theJapan Sound Institute, who'checked the tape : s voice at the request of‘the South Korean authorities last recording of 'Mayumi"' year, said: . : "Frankly speaking, her way of.speaking [at the'press conference] is something unnatural. In answering questions, people tend to stammer, but she reponded to questions, focusing only on important points. She seems to have '. rehearsed many times how to speak. I don't know if she was forced to do soI but her pronunciation came only from her throat at the beginning, but she said whatshehadtodo." ' He recorded the scene at the 15 January press concerence on video tape to analyse it. "People usually tend to change pitch out of tension or frustration when they begin to speak, but the pitch of her voice was constant at around 200 hertz. This is probably the result of rehearsing. There was hardly any change even when she sobbed. I think that her weeping was theatrical," : : : said the former scientific investigator of the Japanese police agency, who had ,‘1 ;-. . /“. ‘. i’ .,,. -;:< ,’ ‘r .r , !,.’ ‘:....‘.’ j . . r .:a. r investigated many famous crimes. ; ,, _ _. ,.’ .I “First of all, people’s voices frequently tend to rise when they speak in ” . _ an abnormal situation such as speaking before the masses or at a press . . . conference. Even professional speakers who get accustomed to press i I % ,; ‘ , conferences or making speeches - their voice frequency tends to rise during 1 ‘, the first 30 seconds or so,” t : .’ Mr. Susuki said. More strange is the last part of “Mayumi’s confession” at the ,- : ‘: i , . . . . , I ‘.a- i,,,.; ,,,- ,“,, ^,’ ; press conference, when ‘she <epta with a handkerchief put on her mouth, he said. ,. ‘- Mr. Suzuki cast doubt on this “dramatic situation”. He said, “Even at the moment [of weeping] Mayumi’s voice frequency reached only a 210 or 220 hertz level. One sobs or weeps in a state of extreme mental agitation so that the voice frequency usually doubles.” He further said, “The fact that her voice frequency was maintained at a constant level makes me think that she spoke what she had learned by heart beforehand in accordance with a prepared scenario. It is clear that she rehearsed her pieces hundreds of times. She might have practiced sobbing, too.” That is from the Japanese weekly magazine Shukan Sankei of 4 February. A repor tar of the Japanese Nippon Television Network who had attended the 15 January press conference in Seoul also cast doubts, saying “1 got the impression that she was forced to say what she had been forced to memorize’. All the facts show that the “results of investigation“ of the south Korean rulers are a fabrication for the smear campaign against the Democratic People’s &public of Korea and that the KAL in&de&is no more than a drama written and ,- .-- enacted by the south Korean authorities themselves. i I come now to 'the criminai purpose of the smear campaign. Clear is the aim of .1, . . the south Korean rulers in launching the smear campaign against the Democratic i L~I. People's Republic of Korea, a campaign linking the KAL in&dent with us from the beginning of the n& year without any scientific ground. It proceeds frbm their intention to ward off the influence of our Republic*s new proposal for Peace negotiations, % elsewhere. which has rmch upset them, and to divert the people's attention 1 (Mr. Pak, Democratic People's Republic of Korea) As is already known, the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic Of . .j .._ : 2 *’ ,. *.j ‘) -; : :: .L ,;_ {“-~’ ‘, ; C‘ Korea , desiring to make this a year providing an opportunity for a new turning- .i .) .,.I,/ point for national reconciliation and unity, has put forward a proposal for the . : .’ ’ convocation of a historic North-South Conference. It has also proposed to the . . 1s ‘, south Korean authorities, political parties, public organizations and personages of _.j, ‘_ .,) every social standing a joint search for a way to remove antagonism and . . ., ,:. confrontation between the North and the South and to ease tension. ‘._ . The proposal is now evoking great sympathy, not only among the people in the ., ,., 1. ,, /‘. ,_ northern half of the Republic, but also among broad sections of their fellow countrymen in south Korea and abroad , and it enjoys a warm welcome from the world’s peace-loving people. In particular, the South Korean students and people of all walks of life, / : ,. apprehensive about the future of peace and peaceful reunification, after the , elections in south Korea last year resulted in the extension of the military ,:: . , dictatorship, contrary to the people’s will , show a new trend to launch more ‘I ,’ ’ dynamically a grand nation-wide march for independence, democracy and “J 1 . reunification, pinning hopes and expectations on our proposal for the convocation . , ., ,.t > of a North-South Conference. 7.. Such a trend.poses a great threat to the south Korean rulers with regard to : * :/ the immediate transfer of power and elections to the National Assexrbly, and, furthermore, the single-handed hosting of the Olympic Games. a. ,, 3 .’ The south Korean rulers made public the so-called results of the investigation into the KAL incident at the same time as the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea . Sent a letter to the south Korean authorities, political parties, public :‘. organisations and personages belonging to various sections of society proposing the ‘,, .I convocation of the North-South Conference . This shows that their intrigue *_I. (Mr. Pak, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) ,’ _’ against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea is premeditated and dellberate. They’re trying to use the KAL incident to prevent our proposal for the North-South Conference influencing South Korea, just as they used it in the fabricated victory in the presidential elections last year. By timing the publication of the “results of the investigation” to coincide with our proposal for the North-South Conferende, the south Korean authorities ; I speak for themselves, showing that they have no intention to have dialogue with us and to prom&e reconciliation and unity, but seek only confrontation and the aggravation of tensions. The south Korean rulers are raising a hue and cry over such a campaign against our country as “statement” and “urgent emergency military affairs meeting @, along with the publication of the “results of the investigation”. Taking this seriously, we cannot-.but consider it to be a declaration of confrdntation, negating dialogue, reconciliation and peace. The south Korean rulers must be clearly aware that they can gain nothing from such a futile smear campaign against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. The KAL incident will not become a way out for them to avoid’destruction. We strongly hold that the south Korean provokers must, though belatedly, frankly admit that the KAL incident was a drama stage-managed by themselves; they must immediately stop hurling abuse and slander at our country and apologize without delay for their reckless acts to impair the international prestige of our Republic. MY dehgatton wishes to take this opportunity to express -the expectation that the world ‘s progress ive justice- and peace-loving peoples and international organizations will pay attention to the criminal parpose of the south Korean authorities’ intrigue against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in the KAL incident and raise louder vdices fn denouncing it. (Mr. Pak, Democratic PeopLeas Republic of Korea) .We will watch with vigilance the rash and thoughtless acts of the south Korean military rulers and answer the enemy's provocation with decisive retaliation. If the south Korean rulers continue the smear campaign against the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, in spite of our warnings, they will be held fully responsible for all the consequences. All the facts prove that Japan was already involved in the drama called the KAL incident when the south Korean rulers were faking it under the manipulation of the United States. This is fully proved by the fact that, although the woman detained as the so-called criminal involved in the KAL incident had a Japanese passport, the Japanese authorities gave up their right to investigate her and transferred h&r to the south Korean authorities, contrary to international usage, SO that she was changed into an "operative of the Worth". The deliberate involvement of the Japanese authorities in the KAL incident is also proved by the fact that they kicked off a wholesale campaign against the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the General Association of Korean Residents in Japan (Chongryon) in different parts of Japan, groundlessly charging them with involvement in the incident from the very day it occurred, with its truth yet to be clarified. The campaign against the General Association of Korean Residents in Japan is still going on in Japan. Public organs and schools under Chongryon are ceaSel$sslY raided and the national rights of Korean nationals and students in Japan are violated and their safety is threatened. This reminds us of the massacre of Koreans which was caused by intrigues of the Japanese reactionaries at the time of the great earthquake in Kanto in 1923. Historically, the Japanese.authorities have concocted many plots against the Uemocratic People's Republic of Korea, in collusion with the south KOrean rUhrSt at the instigation of the'Uni.ted States. It was the Japanese authorities that worked with the south Korean rulers under a prearranged dastardly plan to carry Out the Kim Dae Jung kidnap operation in downtown Tokyo in broad daylight in 1973, and tried to shift the blame onto the Demxratic People's republic of Korea= The Japanese authorities have countless times patronized and encouraged the criminal intrigues of the south Korean military dictators in every way8 while pursuing a hostile policy against our Republic by taking advantage of the United States strategy against Korea over the past four decades. Today the Japanese authorities are working zealously and craftily to drive a wedge between the socialist countries, realize the "two-Koreas" plot and perpetuate the division of Korea, making a clamour about cross-recognition and simultaneous entry into the United Nations. The Japanese authorities cannot conceal the fact that they actively joined the United States and the south Korean rulers in faking the false drama of the KAL incident with a view to vilifying the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, propping up the tottering military Fascist dictatorship in south Korea and seeking a pretext for the provocation of another war in Korea. P In the past the Japanese militarists occupied Korea, enforced a brutal Colonial rule, imposed immeasurable misfortunes and disasters on the Korean people and plundered a great amount of wealth. They have yet to pay for that Crime. The responsible authorities of Japan now do not hesitate to engage in sophistry aimed at justifying Japan's past aggression against Korea and colonial rule. It is outrageous indeed .that the Japanese reactionaries, instead of apologizing for their sanguinary crime of aggression, are talking about "retaliation" and "sanctions" against usI the victim. The Japanese authorities should immediately stop their hostility towards our &public and their persecution of Chongryon and Koreans in Japan, discontinue their crafty trick of using the missing KAL incident to fish in troubled waters, and refrain from egging.the south Korean rulers on to aggravate the situation in the Korean peninSUla. The increasingly undisguised policy of the Japanese authorities against the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is not a problem confined to Korea, but a problem directly linked to peace and security in Asia. The peoples of all the Asian countries that suffered from the aggression of the Japanese militarists in the past must heighten their vigilance against the Japanese authorities, who are intensifying their .moves towards re-invasion , pretending to be a 'friend and wearing the mask of a helper; they must thoroughly disclose their crafty, deceptive tricks. Mr. VEBGAU (Federal Republic of Germany): Allow me, Sir, to welcome you to the presidency of the Council. Let me assure you that, in the spirit of our solid friendship, we consider working under your masterly chairmanship to be a real pleasure. Let me also ask my British colleague to convey our thanks to our friend the Ambassador of the United 'Kingdom for his fine performance in January. Finally, we extend a hearty welcome to the Permanent Representative of Japan and his team. (spoke in French) On many occasions in the past , my country has been the victim of terrorist acts. The 29 November 1987 attack on a South Korean passenger aircraft is a new reminder of my Government's firm and unswerving determination to persist in the fight against terrorism and for civil aviation security. The deliberatecalculated destruction of & civilian aircraft carrying innocent passengers evoked indignation and concern among-all peace-loving peoples. My delegation wishes therefore publicly to underscore the anger and indignation of all the citizens of my country at the loss of l15 defenceless individuals. We wish also to convey our condolences to &e'f&milies of the deceased in their. mourning and sadness, which we 'share with " them. This .atta&k involves-the security of the entire international community. This savage act, this murder of'defenceless people has shocked millions of individuals. In their 26 January 1988 declaration, the i2 States members'of the European Community expressed'thefr deep regret at the tragic loss of human life, and condemned most categorically this especially detestable attack. More than .ll years ago , on 12 July 1976; the Federal Republic of Germany &de its first.statement before the security Council. That first statement was devoted to the fight against terrorism: it concerned the hijacking of an aircraft and the taking'of'hostages at Entebbe. ~- On that occasion the Federal Government . .- . categorically condemned any violation of the basic rules 'protecting the civilised conduct of air traffic. Two years later, the seven Heads of State or Government taking part in the world economic summit adopted a declaration on airline-security, in which they pledged to co-operate more closely in the fight against terrorism in international civil aviation. fn December 1979, on the initiative of the Federal Republic of Germany and '. with its active co-operation, the General Assembly at its thirty-fourth session I adopted the Internationai Convention against the Taking of Hostages, which entered into force on 3 June 1983 and which 42 States have ratified. It .would be highly L desirable for all States to become contracting parties. to that Convention. The Federal Government notes with satisfaction that at its forty-second .: / - session the General Assembly once again unequivocally condemned .terrorism in all its manifestations. There can be neither sympathy nor excuses for ter.rorism. The international community of States must w-operate even more closely to prevent terrorist acts or facilitate the arrest and prosecution of the guilty parties. We have just heard statements from the two Korean sides. The Federal Government is familiar with the various documents before the Council concerning the destruction of Korean Air Flight 858 on 29 November 1987. We have noted the results of the investigation carried out by the South Korean authorities. According to that investigation, many clues lead to the suspicion that the crash, which cost 115 lives, was caused by a bomb attack by two North Korean nationals. Mar eover , the report concludes that the two suspects , one of whom wmmitted suicide upon arrest, did not act on their own initiative, but upon the orders of Others- It is not enough to express our indignation and grief. My delegation demands an in-depth inquiry and,. at the same time, an intensified effort to find arrangements to prevent the recurrence of such tragic incidents. To that end, the Federal Government proposes that the International Civil Aviation Organization or another independent organization be given the opportunity to examine .and assess the evidence. All interested parties should do their best to contribute to the total elucidation of this incident. The Federal Government trusts that the guilty parties will be punished and that the families of the dead passengers and crew will be compensated. L Germany for the kind words he addressed to me. In view of the lateness of the’ hour , I intend to adjourn the meeting. Before doing 80~ I call upon the representative of the Republic of Korea, who wishes to make a .further Staten&t. . . Mr: .-PARK (Republic of Korea): I am reluctant to comment on the statement by the representative of North Korea this morn~hg. For one -thing;"I 'believe the ' North Korean remarks, which,have also been circulated in a documknt, to be so completely false that I-was initially convinced that they did not deserve's reply. For another, I do not'wish further to disturb.the atmosphere of the Council. All the evidence -photographs taken in Vienna and Belgrade, false ,passports; airline tickets,'code books,the poison ampoules, the wreck&of the bl&n&p " airliner, the dead body of the man called Kim SungAil- ail%f,it su~ports"and *' substantiates the freely given confession of Kim Wyon-huii the North Korean female agent. We also have photographs taken in Bahrain proving that-the Kim Hyon-hui in Bahrain is the same Kim Hyon-hui in Seoul; I have some.raore photographs here. They are self explanatory and speak for themseives. I also have here some other evidence. Here is a poison' anipule; this one was used by the female agent. Here is a poison'ampoule broken into pieces of glass; it was used by the male agent. I have here the replica of the radio, which was used as a time bomb; I do not have the bombs; the members know why. It is unnecessary to recount this evidence or.-the points put forward by the North Korean representative here, individually, one by one. I will therefore try to be brief. We have heard some weird stories from the North Korean delegation this morning. For us, they represent nothing but clumsy fictions and fantasies which appear so bizarre that I could not help feeling that sometimes they were funny, sometimes they were pitiful. It seems that all the.sordid words in Webster's unabridged dictionary would not be sufficient to describe our feeling of -utter disgust at the North Korean statement. I only hope that it doesnot represent the shriek of a devil's desperation. I am certain that no one in this Council Chamber will believe what.has been said by the North Korean delegation. Its representative's statement also included an unacceptable and groundless insult to Japan and Bahrain, for which we feel deep outrage. Faced with North Kotea's unmitigated and protracted hostility, the Republic Of Korea has never lost sight of the wisdom contained in the admonition attributed to a German philosopher: Whoever fights monsters should.see .to it that in the process he does not himself become a monster." Thus in the Republic of Korea we are building a democracy, an open society with an expanding modern economy. In cOntrast, there has been erected in North Korea a monstrous State machine for control and oppression that cannot be maintained without deception, indoctrination and aggressive external adventures. The State-directed North Korean terrorism is a natural symptom of such a monster rbgime. It is the stark contrast between these two realities, that in the South and that in the North, that most profoundly moved the North Korean female agent after she was taken to my country last December. Her mind - long indoctrinated and . rigorously trained in terrorist techniques and so thoroughly disciplined - when exposed to the realities of life in the South was freed and poured forth a confession in anger. Here I should like to quote the remarks of Kim Hyon-hui, the confessed North Korean agent, at her first press conference in January 1988. *Question: You reportedly remained silent at first about Your involvement in the tragic incident. What made you change.your mind? "Answer: At first I was firmly determined to keep quiet at the cost Of my life to protect the reputation of my beloved leader, Kim Jong-il. But1 saw many things while riding through the streets and I also learned much by watching television. 'Also, the South Korean authorities' kind treatment moved me. As a result I have learned what I was told and taught about South Korea iS entirely different from what I experienced here. I gradually came to see the light. I realized I had been deceived all along in the North. I felt I had been betrayed and resented #at very strongly. All these things led me to change my mind and decide to reveal all about the bonS>ing. (Mr. Park, Republ& of Korea) "Questkn: "Question: Since you arrived in Korea, what have you seen and felt? Since you arrived in Korea, what have you seen and felt? what is your state of mind naw? what is your state of mind naw? "Answer: "Answer: Actually, at first I couldn't muster the courage to appear Actually, at first I couldn't muster the courage to appear before the public because I committed such a crime and because of my thoughts before the public because I committed such a crime and because of my thoughts about those who died in the' incident and their families and the people of the about those who died in the' incident and their families and the people of the South, who were greatly shocked. So I refused to have a press conference and South, who were greatly shocked. So I refused to have a press conference and pleaded, 'Let me die,quietly.* However, I changed my mind because I was pleaded, 'Let me die,quietly.* However, I changed my mind because I was impressed by many new things. I saw many things while riding through the impressed by many new things. I saw many things while riding through the streets, I saw haw developed Seoul actually is and also how free a life the streets, I saw haw developed Seoul actually is and also how free a life the people are living. people are living. ., '_ -_ , -, *. : . . _ -- -- .I- ", 1.., "I also learned many things by watching television. Although I did not participate, I saw on television that the South Koreans were able to make a free choice in the presidential elections. I learned what freedom is. "I also watched educational television programmes proudly showing the long national history. The national identity is stronger here than in the ., North. The South is developing our national heritage. Having noted the great differences between the real South and what I was told and made to think in the North I could not help but change my mind. "I deserve to die a hundred times for my crime, but I felt that I should disclose the truth of the incident to atone for the deaths and to repent for the families in my own small way. So I agreed to the press conference. I hope there will not be any more such senseless incidents that victimize many innocent people." I believe these words of hers should constitute the most cogent reply to what the North Korean representative alleged this morning. They represent a triumph of truth over falsehood and demonstrate the reassertion of the integrity and independence of the human spirit over thought control and individual subjugation. Her words point to the ultimate strength of the Republic of Korea and the fundamental weakness of North Korea. They therefore should serve as a last Warning to the North Korean authorities. We would like to urge North Korea to wake up before it is too late, to wake up now from its long nightmare.

The representative of Japan has asked to speak and I call on him. Mr. KAGAMI (Japan): In view of the lateness of the hour this morning, the Japanese delegation reserves the right to reply to the statement made by the North Korean speaker. (Mr. Park, Republic of'korea) The-PRESIDENT: The representative of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea has asked to speak and I call on him. Mr. PAK &?mocratic People's Republic of Korea): In view of the late hour, I shall be very brief , reserving my right to speak again at a later Stage. The representative of South Korea has just spoken about what he called evidence in hand, and so on. But I should like to declare that the more they show what they ' call evidence in their hands the more they will show that their investigation findings are fabrications one after another. As for the confession of whom they call Wayumig, I can show members of the Council how the lady who appeared at the press conference is a sham, a lady who was escorted from Bahrain. The whole confession, whatever they liked, was concocted by the South Korean Agency for National Security Planning. So all the remarks just made by the south Korean here are false and groundless. , There is one more thing I should like to tell this Council. south Korea's historical records all point up a very cold-blooded fact about its rulers: they did not kill and slaughter their own people at random. Everybody in this Council may recall the incidents of massacres of south Korean rulers against their own people in Kwangu in May 1980. More than 2,000 people were barbarously massacred haphazardly by order of the South Korean rulers in order to maintain their rule. Also many records show how the south Korean rulers did not hesitate to sacrifice their own people to maintain their rule. The airliner incident of 1983 is also an example. I will not elaborate on that incident. I have many things to present before this Council to shaw how groundless are the south Korean allegations and assertions and how barbaric their rulers. Butt as I said, in view of the lateness of the hour I reserve my right to speak at a later stage. . ,The'PRESIDENTt' The next meeting of the Security Council to continue consideration of the item on its agenda will take place tomorrow, Wednesday; 17 February 1988, at 10.30 a.m. I The meeting rose at 1.15 p.m. : I ..~.’ -1,. . , : : .- ”