S/PV.692 Security Council

I believe that it would not be proper to discuss fully at this time the shocking incident at Gaza. We do not have before us the results ofthe deliberations ofthe Mixed Armistice Commission or the final report which is expected from the C}\jef of Staff of the Truce Supervision Organi- zation. It would be premature to form judgments or, in our opinion, to begin a full debate before the findings of the United Nations organs charged with responsi- bility in these matters have been received. Nevertheless, we feel that we m.ust state that, if the preliminary reports which we have received are shown to be true, the incident which has occurred. in the Gaza district is indefensible from any standpoint. 8. My Government has repeatedly made its position clear in this Council. We oppose any policy of reprisal or retaliation. 9. We had felt that, since the last meeting of the Security Council on the Palestine border situation-in fact, for almost a year now, despite a number of incidents-a general improvement in the maintenance of stability and quiet on the borders between Israel and the Arab States was prevailing. This, in turn, led us to hope that all the parties concerned had recognized that this was the fruit of restraint and of a sincere effort at understanding. If the border situation had improved to the extent that I have indicated-and the official report should make this clear-then resort to force is all the more to be deplored. 10. In all of our experience in this Council with the Palestine question, one thing has remained clear; it is that the use of armed force will ..ot produce peace n~gotiations. On the other hand, a display of restraint in the face of extreme provocation is to be highly commended. We feel that this has been the case thus far in connexion with the incident at Gaza. We would strongly counsel a continuance of this behaviour. That would include full co-operation by both parties with the Truce Supervision Organization, which has-and deserves-this Council's support.. 11. The United States believes that a consideration of the facts will be greatly expedited if General Bums, the Chief of Staff of the Truce Supervision Organization, can appear in person before the Security Council to assist it in its deliberations. We hope that at this meeting we can decide to call General Bums to New York for the Council's next meeting. When he has made his report and we have heard the parties, we should promptly consider what further action is necessary. 7. M. WADSWORTH (Etats-Unis d'Am6rique) (traduit de l'anglais): 11 me semble qu'il serait inopportun d'exa- miner des maintenant en detail 1'incident revoltant qui s'est produit a Gaza. Nous ne connaissons pas encore les resultats des deliberations de la Commission mixte d'armistice; nous n'avons pas reCti non plus le rapport definitif que doit nous faireparvenir le Chef d'etat-major de l'Organisme charge de la surveillance de la tteve. nserait donc premature de porter des jugements ou m!me, me semble-t-il, d'entamer la discussion avant d'avoir reeu les resultats de l'enquete a laquelle doivent proceder les organes compcStents des Nations Unies. Toutefois, nous croyons devoir declarer que, si les rapports preli- minaires que nous avons reeus se revelent exacts, l'incident survenu dans le district de Gaza est inexcusable, a quelque point de vue que l'on se place. 8. Le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis a expose, a maintes reprises, sa positi~n au Conseil de securite. n est oppose a toute politique de represailles ou de vengeance. 9. Nous avions l'impression que, depuis la demiere seance oil le Conseil s'est occupcS de la situation qui regne sur les frontieres de la Palestine -- c'est-a-dire depuis pres d'un an, encore qu'il y ait eu plusieurs incidents depuis - il y avait eu un progres general dans le maintien; de la paix et de la stabilite sur les frontim-es qui separent Israel des Etats arabes. Nous avions done coneu l'espoir que toutes les parties interessees avaient reconnu que cette amelioration etait le resultat de leur moderation et d'un sincere effort d'entente. Si la situation le long des frontieres s'etait amelioree dans la mesure que je viens d'indiquer - et le rapport officiel devrait nous 6clairer sur ce point - un recours a la violence n'en est que plus deplorable. 10. Apres tous les debats que le Conseil a consacres a la Palestine, une chose est certaine, c'est que l'emploi de la force armee ne conduira pas a des pourparlers de paix. D'autre part, il faut rendre hommage a ceux qui f()nt preuve de moderation devant une provocation inadmissible. C'est ce que nous avons vu jusqu'a present dans le cas de l'incident de Gaza. Nous conseillons vivement aux parties interessees de s'en tenir a cette attitude. Cela signifie, notamment, que les deux parties doivent accorder leur collaboration pleine et entiere a 1'Organisme charge du controle de la tr!ve, auquel le Conseil donne tout l'appui qu'il merite. 11. La delegation des Etats-Unis est convaincue que le Conseil examinerait plus facilement les faits si le general Burns, chef d'etat-major de 1'0rganisme charge de la surveillance de la treve, pouvait etre entendu en personne. Nous espcSrons qu'a la presl...lte seance le Conseil d6cidera d'inviter le general Burns a se rendre a New-York pour assister a sa prochaine reunion. Lorsque le general Bums aura presente son rapport et que nous aurons entendu les parties en cause, nous pourrons passer immediatement a l'examen des mesures a prendre. l..~eans (lpen to them hy recourse to the' procedures of Pur Organi7.ation. 13. The incident seems the morc regrettable to us because it occurred at a time whcn r,lmparativc pLace seemed to reign in thllt scnsitive part of the world. In our opinion, ncts of violence are nevcr justifiable, even when they are committed IlS reprisals; they seem to us to be even more regrettahlc when they delihcratdy intro- duce a new element of tcnsion into a situation which WllS certainly unstable, hut in which the frontier incidents that occurred could not be compured in seriousness with the events which have been hrought hefore liS today. 14, Having made these preliminary remarks, my delega- tion wishes to !lay that it considers that the Council is not yet in a position to deal effectively with the: substance of the matter. The only official document before us is the Press release issut.d on I March by ~he Truce Supervision Organization. Only when we l1cwe received and examined the report requested from the Chief of Staff of that organization and the results of the deliberations of the Mixed Armistice Commission will the Council be able to give a considered decision on the Egyptian delegation's request. The first document will provide us with the facts, and the decision of the Mixed Armistice Commission will show where the responsibility ties. If General Burns' duties allow him to leave his post, any supplementary information which he could give us personally on the situation prevailing on the Egyptian- Israel frontier would obviously help to clarify our views. 15. I consider that, after we have studied these docu- ments, the Council should be convened again to hear the statements of the two parties and to compare them with the results of impartial inquiries carried out on the spot. I feel that cur work today should be confined to including the item ill o'.!! agenda and to making clear the importance we attach to it and the serious anxiety with which it fills us. 16. The Council should not adjourn, however, without addressing an urgent appeal to the two parties to refrain from any act of violence, provocation or reprisal and to spare no effort which might help to ease the tension in the area. IlU fnit qu'une soixnntnine de militnires et de civils, en grande mlljorit6 egyptiens, onl trouve III mort nu cours de I'nttnque dirigee pnr des forces i~!'?~!ienncs conlrc les positions te'me'! pllr des troupes e!!Yfltiennes. Un sacrifice si cruel et si ·in'.Itile de vies humaines emellt profondCment notre conscienre 11 tous. Nous cornpntissons nu dcuil de leurs tilmille!l, qui est llllssi celui de Icur patrie. NOlls ne pouvons qlle nOlls feticiter du sang-froid et de In mnhrise que le gouvernement et le peuple egyptiens ont conserves en presence de ccs dClulollreux incidenls et de III determination qu'ils ont montree de n'en pour- sllivre le reglcment que pllr les voies pncifiques que Icur offre le recours nux procedures de no!re Oi'p;anisntion. 13. ('cl evenement nous pami! d'autant plus regreUabk qu'il s'cst produit dans une periode ou un certain apai- sement tendait it s'clablir dnns celle region nC1fralgiquc dll monde. Meme c(.mmis SOilS forme de represailles. les actes de violence ne sont jllmais, a nos yeux, jusli- fiables. lis nous paraissent plus regrettables encore lorso .'ils introduisent deliberemcnt un nouvel element de tension dans line situation certes instable, mais oil les incidents de fronti~re dont elle ctait le tMatre nous pllraissent sllns aucune mesure avec les evenements dont nous sommes aujourd'hui saisi!l. 14. Ces remarques preliminaires une fois faites, ma delegation estime que le Conseil n'est pas encore en mesure d'etudier efficacement le fond de cette affaire. Le seul element officieux d'informat;..men notre possession est le communique de presse publie le IP!' mars par l'Org8- ilisme charge de la surveillance de la treve. Ce n'est que lorsque nous aurons rtX:u et auroos pu examiner le rapport demande au Chef d 'etat-major de cet organisme, ainsi que le resultat des deliberations de la Commission mixte d'armistice, que le Conseil pourra utilement se prononcer sur la requete de la delegation egyptienne. Le premier de ces documents nous fournira le tableau des faits; la decision de la Commission d'armistice en degagera les responsabilites. Si les devoirs de sa charge permettent au general Bums de s'absenter de son poste, les indications complementaires qu'il pourrait person- nel1ement nous apporter concemant la situativn regnant sur les confins egypto-israetiens seraient evidemment de nature a eclairer notre religion. 15. Ce n'est, a mon avis, qu'apres avoir pris connais- sance de cette documentation que le Conseil devra etre appele a se reunir a nouveau pour entendre les exposes des deux parties et ies confronter avec les resultats des enquetes impartiales menees sur place. Notre rOle, a mon sentiment, se borne aujourd'hui, apres avoir inscrit I'aft"aire a. notre ordre du jour, a. exprimer l'importance qu'elle revet cl nos yeux et la gravite des preoccupations qu'elle nous inspire. 16. Le Conseil ne saurait s'ajoumer cependant sans adresser auparavant un appel pressant aux deux parties pour qu'elles s'abstiennent de tout acte de violence, de provocation ou de repdsailIes, et pour qu'elles ne negligent rien de cc qui pourra contribuer aI'apaisement des esprits dans cette region, 20. Her Majesty's Government regards this incident as all the more deplorable in that, according to our information, th" situation on this demarcation line, though never so quiet as all of us would wish, had not deteriorated in the past few months. We were hopeful that the situation there would improve, as it has recently illlpl'oveJ in uther border areas. 21. I shall wish to express my Government's views at greater length when the time comes for the Council to go into the substance of the question. Twould, however, draw the Council's attention to the communique which I understand was issued by the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization in Jerusalem on I March, a few hours after the incident occurred. The communique reported that " Israeli armed forces violently attacked the Egyptian military position near the Gaza railway station ". That was the. report of the United Nations body, 22. Without, therefore, wishing to anticipate the findings of the Mixed Armistice Commission or the report which we shall ao doubt receive from the Chief of Staff of the Truce Supervision Organization, I feel bound to say that the prima facie evidence points to the fact that a premeditated attack by Israel armed forces on Egyptian-controlled territory took place on that date and resulted in a very serious loss of life. Moreover, it took place in an area where very large numbers of refugees are concentrated, in camps under the supervision ofthe United Nations. It is not surprising that the attack should have caused a wave of emotion among the refugees, and that in its turn adds to the tension along the border. The Egyptian Government has acted with commendable restraint and I am sure will continue to do so. 23. We shall need to study carefully the report of the Chief of Staff and the findings of the Mixed Armistice 1 See Djfichll Records of the Security Council, Fourth Year, Spechll Supplement No. 3. 19. A la prcsente seance, qui est la premiere que nous eonsacrions acette afTaire, nous ne possedons pas encore tous Ics renseignernents qui nous permettraient de traiter Ic fond du probleme. Neanrnoins, it est etabli des it present que I'incidcnt a fait de nombreux morts et blesses. C'est meme, sans aucun doute, l'hcident le plus grave qui se soit produit sur la lignc de demar- cation israelo-egyptienne depuis la signature en 1949 de la Convention d'arrnistice generaP. Je ne puis manquer, a ce propos, de presenter au Gouvernement de l'Egypte mes sinceres condoleances en raison des pcrtes que I'armee egyptienne a subics en s'acquittant de son devoir. 20. Le Gouvernement de Sa Majeste trouve l'incident d'autant plus deplorable que, d'apres les renseignements qui nous sont parvenus, la situation n'avait pas empire ces derniers mois le long de cette Iigne de demarcation meme si elle n'ajamais ete aussi calme que nous I'aurions souhaite tous. Nous esperions que la situation allait s'ameliorer, tout comme eIle s'est recemment amelioree dans d'autres regions frontieres. 21. J'exposerai plus en detail les vues de mon gouver- nement lorsque le Conseil abordera le fond de la question. Je liens cependant a attirer I'attention du Conseil sur le communique qui a ete publie, je erois, a Jerusalem. le ler mars, par I'Organisme des Nations Unies charge de la surveillance de la treve, quelques heures apres l'incident. Ce communique porte: « Des forces armees israeliennes ont violemment attaque les positions militaires egyp- ticnnes pres de la gare de Gaza.» Voila ce que disait le rapport de cet organe des Nations Unies. 22. En consequence, sans vouloir anticiper sur les conclusions de la Commission mixte d'armistice ni sur le rapport que nous fera tres certainement parvenir le Chef d'etat-major de l'Organisme charge de la surveil- lance de la treve, je crois devoir dire qu'a premiere vue ~es faits semblent demontrer qu'a cette date, des forces israeliennes ont commis une attaque premeditee contre le territoire sous controle egyptien, et qu'il en est resulte de tres graves pertes en vies humaines. En outre, l'attaque a eu lieu dans une region ou sont masses un tres grand nombre de refugies, dans des camps places sous la surveillance des Nations Unies. n n'est done pas sur- prenant que cette attaque ait souleve une vive emotion parmi les refugies, ce qui ajoute encore ala tension dans cette region frontiere. Le Gouvemement egyptien a agi avec une moderation louable, et je suis certain qu'it continuera. a le faire. 23. Nous devrons etudier avec soin le rapport du Chef d'etat-major, ainsi que les conclusions de la Commission 1 Voir Proces-l'erbaux offici~ls au ColfSril ~ securitl. quatriime Qnni~, Supplement splcial no 3. 24. In the meantime, it is our hope that there will be no furta"r acts of provocation or any reprisal, and we look to the parties concerned to co-operate fully in assisting the Council in its consideration of this very serious incident. 25. Finally, pending the report of the Chief of Staff and the findings of the Mixed Armistice Commission, I do not think that the Council can usefully take any further step at this moment. I feei that it would be of greater benefit to our deliberations if, before hearing the two parties, Egypt and Israel, we waited until the Council was in a posi":on to embark on a discussion of the substance of tbF ion, after receipt of the further information which we await.

I should have preferred the Council not to begin discussing this unfortunate incident until it had received the reports from the Chief of Staff of the Truce Supervision Organi- zation and the Mixed Armistice Commission, for the responsibilities involved are so great that we cannot rely on the information given us in the Press. I shall do my very best, for the same reason, not to allow myself to be carried away by the horror and indignation which I felt on hearing this news. I shall therefore wait until the report of the Chief of Staff has been received before stating my Government's attitude. 27. Nevertheless, I should. like to associate myself here and now with the feeliJ1gs of indignation expressed by previous speakers. It is the Security Council's duty to condemn all acts of aggression. Indeed, mere condem- nation is not enough when aggression has caused so many deaths. The Security Council must shoulder its responsibilities and act accordingly. 28. In addition to this feeling of indignation, which is shared by all, my Government is particularly disturbed by the way these incidents, which upset the peace in that area ofthe world to which Iran belongs, are recurring. 29. I shall say no more for the moment, but simply express our deepest sympathy to the Egyptian Govern- ment and the families of the victims. . 30. In conclusion, I support the United States repre- sentative's suggestion that General Bums should be invited to appear before the Council· to comment on his report, provided that he himself feels that he can leave Palestine. If he feels that it would be more useful for him to remain there, I think that we should not insist. Otherwise I am sure that his presence in New York would throw more light on tUs incident and help the Council in its work. 24. D'ici la, nous esperons qu'il ne se produira pas d'autres actes de provocation ou de represailles, et nOllS faisons appel aux parties interessees pour qu'elles accordent sans reserve leu~ . t1cours au Conseil dans l'examen de ce tres grave h:.llk It. 25. En attendant que nous ayons re~u le rapport du Chef d'etat-major et les conclusions de la Commission mixte d'armistice, je pense, d'ailleurs, que le Conseil ne peut pas utilement continuer l'examen de cette affaire. A mon avis, il serait preferable, pour la bonne conduite de nos debats, que nous n'entendions les deux parties, l'Egypte et Israel, que lorsque le Conseil sera en mesure d'etudier la question au fond, c'est-a-dire lorsqu'il disposera des renseignements complementaires que nous attendons. 26. M. ENTEZAM (Iran): J'aurais prefere que le Conseil n'aborde ce ;:egrettable incident qu'apres avoir re~u les rapports du Chef d'etat-major de l'Organisme charge de la surveillance de la treve et de la Commission mixte d'armistice, car les respoll8abmh~S 80l1t trop graves pour que nous puissions nous fier aux rensei- gnements qui nous sont parvenus par la presse. Aussi ferai-je un grand effort pour ne pas me laisser entrainer par les sentiments d'horreur et d'indignation que la reception de cette nouvelIe a provoques en moi. J'atten- drai donc la reception du rapport du Chef d'etat-majoi pour preciser l'attitude de mon gouv;;rnement. 27. Des maintenant, je veux cependant m'associer a l'indignation qui a ete exprimee par les orateurs qui m'ont preced::. -':::;'est le devoir du Conseil de securite de con- damner tout acte d'agression. Lorsqu;.me agression a provoque autant de morts, une simple condamnation ne peut suffire. 11 faut que le Conseil de securite prenne ses responsabilites et agisse en consequence. 28. Outre ce sentiment d'indignation, qui est unanime, mon gouvemement eprouve une inquietude plus pressante en raison de la repetition de ces incidents, qui troublent la tranquillite de cette region du monde alaquelle l'Iran appartient. 29. Pour le moment, je n'en dirai pas davantage. Je me borne a exprimer notre profonde sympathie au Gouvemement egyptien et aux familIes des victimes. 30. En terminant, j'appuie la suggestion du repre- sentant des Etats-Unis d'Amerique tendant a ce que nous invitions le general Burns a venir devant le Conseil pour expliquer son rapport, a condition toutefois que le general Bums lui-meme juge qu'il lui est possible de quitter la Palestine. S'il estimait que sa presence la-bas y est plus utile, je crois que nous ne devrions pas insister. Sinon, je suis certain que la presence du general Burns a New-York permettra de jeter une plus grande lumiere sur cet incident et facilitera le travail du Conseil. 32. Events such as those which took pIace in the region 32. Les evenements qui se sont deroules le 28 fevrier of Gaza on 28 February 1955 are certainly very serious: 1955 dans la region de Gaza sont d'une indeniable they are the direct concern ofthe Security Council and caU gravite; ils mettent directement en cause la responsabilite for its interventiC'l.'l. du Conseil de securite; i!.5 necessitent son intervention. 33. Accordifig to the first reports which have been 33. Suivant les premieres informations re~ues, its received, those events would appear to constitute a apparaissent comme une violation flagrante de la Con- flagrant violation of the General Armistice Agreement vention d'armistice general coneIue entre l'Egypte et between Egypt and Israel, for it was not a matter of iso- Israel. 11 ne s'agit pas, en effet, d'incidents de caractere lated incidents but of operations on a larger scale which individuel, mais d'operations d'envergure ayant entrail1.e resulted in the loss of many lives. One of the first tasks la perte de nombreuses vies humaines. L'une des pre- of the Council should be to determine who was respon- mieres taches du Conseil doit etre d'etablir les responD sible for those events. It cannot confidently do so at sabilites. Le Conseil n'est pas en mesure de le faire, en present, and will in fact be able to do SO only when it has ce moment, en pleine connaissance de cause. Il ne pourra received precise and verified information. It is for the y proceder que sur la base d'informations pr~ise~ et Chief of Staff of the Truce Supervision Organization to controlees. C'est au Chef d'etat-major de l'Organisme assemble this information and to report it with an possible charge de la surveillance de la treve qu'il appartient de speed. It has been suggested that he should be invited to les recueillir et d'en faire rapport avec toute la diligence come to New York to submit the results of his investi~ possible. La suggestion a ete formulee de l'inviter a gations and to provide members of the Council with any venir a New~York pour lui permettre de presenter les further explanations they may desire. My delegation resultats de ses investigations et de fournir am. membres thinks that that would be a useful step. Such a procedure du Conseilles eclaircissements qu'ils pourraient souhaiter. would, ofcourse, involve some delay, but that is inevitable Nous considerons que ce serait la, en effet, une mesure if the Council is to act on the basis of full and reliable utile. Certes, cette procedure est de nature a entrainer information, and with the complete impartiality which un delai, mais celui-ci est inevitable si le Conseil veut it is its duty to observe. agir sur la base d'une information sure et complete et avec toutei: les garanties d'impartialite dont it a le devoir de s'entourer. 34. Nevertheless, the Belgian delegation wishes. to condemn here and now tht; violation of the Gen.eral Armistice Agreement, while making the necessar:. reser- vations as regards responsibility for the incident. Alto- gether, it is strongly opposed to the use of force and to the policy ofgaining ends by violent means. Nothing could be more contrary to the rules and principles which guide us.

I am in full agreement with my colleagues who have expressed grave .concern at the unhappy events which have today been brought to the attention of the Council. At this stage, we are of course considering only the first of the two items on our agenda. It is true that the Egyptian complaint has yet to be adjudicated by the machinery established under the General Armistice Agreement. 36. Apart from the accounts given by the two Govern- ments, which are conflicting, the only information avail- able to the Council at the moment is contained in a brief Press release issued by the United Nations Truce Super- vision Organization on 1 March 1955. I agree that we cannot proceed today with a full consideration of this disturbing matter, interrupting as it does a sensible lessening of tension in the area in question. There are, Devertheless, a number of serious features which stand ~. on even a preliminary examination ofthe available ~...:ts. 34. Des a present, cependant, et reserve etant faite des responsabilites, la delegation beIge condamne la violation de la Convention d'armistice general. D'une maniere generale, elle reprouve hautement le recours a la force et la politique des voies de faits. 11 n'est rien qui soit plus contraire au;'!: regles et aux principes qui nous regissent.

Je suis entierement d'accord avec ceux de mes collegues qui ont manifeste leur profonde inquie- tude devant les regrettables incidents dont le Conseil est saisi aujourd'hui. Bien entendu, notre examen se limite. pour le moment, ala premiere des deux questions inscrites a l'ordre du jour. D'autre part, la plainte egyp- tienne n'a pas encore ete soumise a la procedure prevue par la Convention d'armistice general. 36. En dehors des versions qu'ont donnees les deux gouvernements, et qui sont contradictoires, les seuls renseignements dont dispose le Conseil a1'heure actuelle sont ceux qui figurent dans un bref communique de presse pub1i6 le 1er mars 1955 par l'Organisme des Nations Unies charge de la surveillance de la treve. J'admets qu'il ne nous ~ra pas possible de proc6der aujourd'hui a un examen complet c!e cet incident inquietant, qui est venu mettre fin a la detente sensible qui se manifestait dans cette region. Neanmoins, quelques conclusions graves peuvent se degager de l'examen provisoire des faits connus. 38. In the second place, the attack apparently was a sustained and determined one. According to the Truce Supervision Organization, a wide variety of weapons was used. Casualties were heavy. According to the Egyptian account, there was a second attack, in which a body of Egyptian reinforcements was allegedly ambushed so effectively that not one escaped death or injury. 39. Finally, the incident took place in an area where the United Nations has a special responsibility in regard to Arab refugee camps. The unfortunate riots which occurred in these camps are directly attributable to pas- sions inflamed by this incident. In itself, this would be enough to make the incident a matter of special concern to the United Nations. 40. My delegation therefore trusts that every effort will be made to expedite the consideration of this matter by the Mixed Armistice Commission and, if need be, by the Special Committee. I reserve the right to explain the position of my delegation more fully when a report is received from the Chiefof Staff of the Truce Supervision Organization. In the meantime, however, it is obviously incumbent on the parties to observe strictly the terms of the armistice agreement. Incidents such as these are the sparks which,ca!1' cause conflagrations. It is equally in the interest o'f each party, whether or not it is the aggrieved party, to take what precautions it can to reduce tension and to avoid further incidents which might lead to a more widespread conflict. Her Majesty's Govern- ment in New Zealand therefore urges on both sides the need for the utmost restraint. 41. In conclusion, I agree with the suggestion that General Burns should attend our deliberations, providing that after consultation with the Secretary-General it is dear that he can be spared from his important and indeed paramount duties in the area.

Once again we arp faced by a grave and bloody incident in the succession of regrettable events provoked by the disa!U'eements between the State of Israel and the Arab States. Throughout this long and difficult crisis, the position of Brazil in the Security Council, in the General Assembly and at alt international conferences has 42. M. DE BARROS (Bresit): Dans la succession d'eve- nements regrettables provoques par les divergences entre l'Etat d'Israel et les Etats arabes, nous sommes, une fois de plus, en presence d'un grave et sanglant incident. Au cours de cette crise longue et penible, l'attitude du Bresil au Conseil de securite, dans les assemblees des Nations Unies comme dans toutes les conferences internationales, 44. Since the-initial success achieved ,"'ith the signature of the armistice, we have witnessed with regret the repeated failure of the conciliatory efforts of the United Nations as a result of the intransigence of the Govern- ment of Israel and the Arab Powers. According to the case at issue, the Security Council's decisions have laid the responsibility either on Israel or on the Arab States for the incidents which have taken place since 1949. Although these decisions retlect the calmness, spirit of justice and firmness of our action, they have not, unfortu- nately, hitherto succeeded in solving t!\e Palestine problem. Nevertheless, we are secure in the knowledge that we have never failed in the duties imposed on us by our functions, that we have always considered the questions submitted to us in an objective manner and taken our decisions on the basis of the information, documentation and evidence which we have received. 44. Nous avons ete temoins, avec regret, apres le succes initial de la signature de 1'armistice, de 1'echec repete des efforts de conciliation des Nations Unies, en consequence de l'intransigeance demontree par le Gouvernement d'Israel et les puissances arabes. Les decisions du Conseil de securite soulignent, selon le cas, soit la responsabilite d'!srael, soit la responsabilite des Etats arabes dans les incidents qui se sont succede depuis 1949. Si ces decisions retletent la serenite, l'esprit de justice, la fennete de notre action, eUes n'ont pas, malheureusement, jusqu'a main- tenant contribue a la solution du probleme de Palestine. 11 nous reste, cependant, la certitude de n'avoir jamais failli aux devoirs que nos fonctions nous imposent, d'avoir toujours examine objectivement les questions qui nous .:Staient soumises et d'avoir pris nos decisions sur la base I d~s informations, de la documentation et des elements de I preuve r~us. 45. The States parties to the dispute have therefore ne'..er been able to allege that the iesolutions adopted in this Council have been partial or unjust. They merely endeavour to justify their own conduct in their own fashion. 45. Les Etats en contlit n'ont jamais pu, de ce fait, taxer de partialite et d'injustice les resolutions adoptees dans cette enceinte. lis ne cherchent qu'a justifier, aleur fa~on, leur propre conduite. 46. In the case of the most recent incident between Israel and Egypt, the information on which a final decision must be based is not yet available to the Council. There can be no doubt, however, that a new violation of the General Armistice Agreement has taken place. Article n, paragraph 2, of that agreement stipulates that no military forces of either party " shall advance beyond or pass over for any purpose whatsoever the armistice demarcation line set forth in article VI ofthis agreement ". 46. Pour ce qui est de ce dernier incident entre Israel et l'Egypte, les elements indispensables au jugement d6fi- nitif ne sont pas encore a la disposition du Conseil. 11 est certain, cependant, qu'une nouvelle violation de la Convention d'armistice general a eu lieu. L'article n de cette convention stipule en effet, ason paragraphe 2, qu'il est defendu aux forces militaires de 1'une ou 1'autre partie d'avancer « pour quelque motif que ce soit, au-dela de la ligne de demarcation de l'armistke, dCfinie a 47. In addition to placing the responsibility where it belongs and naming the guilty party, the Council must now more than ever insist on strict compliance with the General Armistice Agreement which it and the United Nations have guaranteed. In the fa~ of these events which disturb international life, the Brazilian delegation is convinced that, except at the risk of serious consequences, our Organization can no longer be exposed to irre- sponsible attacks by its own Members. The loyal co- operation of the Member States of the United Nations, and particularly ofthe majority of States which are bound together by common principles and ideals, is an essential requirement deriving from the commitments assumed by all the signatories when they agreed to and ratified the Charter. 48. Hence we cannot on any pretext agree to the vio- lation of our statutes or to a failure to respect the Council's decisions. 49. What will be left of our prestige, our authority, our moral force and our legal stl'ucture if Member States themselves continue to undermine the very foundations of this Organization? The United Nations is a world parliament to which the world looks with hope. Our words, our deeds and our decisions are judged by world public opinion, and we cannot therefore fail to qualify the Gaza incident as a violation of the General Armistice Agreement; it is our duty to insist that the Council should demand the loyal co-operation of all the Member States of the United Nations. SO. At the same time, however, we have not yet received the final report of the Mixed Armistice Commission on this unfortunate incident. It has been suggested that the Council should invite General Burns to come to New York and give it further information on the events which have recently occurred in Egypt. The Brazilian delegation feels that this constructive suggestion should be adopted. 51. I reserve my delegation's position on the problem as a whole until we have received more complete infor- mation.

The events which have led to this meeting of the Security Council came to the Peruvian delegation as an unpleasant surprise, particularly as only recently, in my capacity as President of the Security Council, it fell to me to take steps which seemed likely to result in the successful conclusion of the Suez Canal incident, with which the Council was then dealing. 53. These events are apparently of the utmost gravity. The communique from the Mixed Armistice Commission, which the representatives of the great Powers have advisedly quoted here, indicates that events have occurred which, as the Belgian representative said, constitute a violation of the armistice. 49. Que restera-t-il de notre prestige, de notre autorite, de notre force morale, de notre structure juridique, si les Etats Membres eux-memes continuent a saper les fon- dements de notre Organisation? L'Organisation des Nations Unies est un parlement universel vers lequel se tournent avec espoir les yeux du monde. Nos paroles, nos actes, nos decisions sont juges par I'opinion publique mondiale; nous ne pouvons, partant, manquer de signaler la violation a la Convention d'armistice general que constitue l'incident de Gaza et nous devons insister pour que le Conseil exige la collaboration loyale de tous les Etats Membres des Nations Unies. 50. Cependant, nous n'avons pas encore re~u le rapport definitif de la Commission mixte d'armistice au sujet de ce malheureux incident. Il a ete suggere ici que le Conseil invite le general Burns a se rendre a New-York afin de nous eclairer sur les evenements qui se sont deroules reeemment en Egypte. La delegation du Bresil considere que cette suggestion constructive devrait etre adoptee. 51. Je reserve la position de ma delegation sur l'en- semble du probleme jusqu'au moment ou nous aurons re~u des informations plus completes. 52. M. BELAUNDE (Perou) (traduit de l'espagnol): Les evenements qui ont amene le Conseil de securite a se reunir ont douloureusement surpris la delegation du P,Srou. Et ce d'autant plu~ que, tout reeemment, j'ai eu le privilege, en qualite de President du Conseil de securite, d'agir, avec quelque chance de succes, pour mettre fin a l'incident relatif au canal de Suez dont le Conseil s'occupait alors. 53. Les faits semblent extremement graves. Le commu- nique publie par la Commission mixte d'arrnistice, que les representants des grandes puissances ont cite ici en connaissance de cause, montre bien qu'il s'est produit des faits qui, comme l'a dit fort justement le representant de la Belgique, constituent une violation de l'armistice. 55. Hence the item with which we are dealing is of the utmost importance not only from the legal point of view -that is to say because there has been a violation of the armistice-but also, as the New Zealand representative said, because responsibility cannot be laid at the door of any individual, but must be placed on a State or a govern- ment. There is, moreover, another regrettable aspect of the question to which the Peruvian delegation cannot remain indifferent: 37 people were killed and 30 wounded. I should like, therefore, to begin by expressing my sym- pathy to the bereaved families and associating myself in their country's mourning. 56. The important thing at the present time is to restore calmness of mind. For this purpose it would be valuable if the Security Council, in fulfilment of its legal functions and in response to universal public opinion, were to make an appeal to the parties to avoid any action which might cause an increase in international tension and a dete- rioration of the situation. 57. In this connexion, I should like to associate myself with the words ofpraise which have been spoken regarding the attitude of the Egyptian Government at the preselit time. 58. Our first duty is to make exhaustive efforts to deter- mine the facts because, as the representative of Iran has wisely suggested, we must have a full knowledge of the facts in order to take action. Full knowledge of the facts implies not only the receipt of the official reports and a detailed examination of the situation-perhaps through a sub-committee-but also, I believe, as the represen- tative of the United States has so aptly suggested, the presence of General Bums to give us firsthand information. 59. In conclusion, I should like to repeat the hope expressed by all representatives here, that the parties concerned will avoid all action 'ikely to increase inter- national tension. I should also like to support the United States proposal that, if it is possible, and if his duties permit, General Bums should come here to give us a firsthand report. 60. Mr. Shuhsi HSU (China): My delegation supports the proposal that General Bums should be invited to participate in the Council's deliberations on this item. We do- so not only because it is always advisable to have reports on a case by a neutral, but also, and particularly, because the issue raised in the nresent c~"e is a serious one. Violent and premeditated aggression by one party, if substantiated, cannot be justified merely by continuous violations by the other party. That is particularly so since the Security Council is not paralysed in the Palestine SS. On voit done toute I'importance de la question dont nous sommes saisis. Elle est importante, non seulement du point de vue juridique - it y a eu, ne l'oublions pas, une violation de l'armistice - mais aussi, comme l'a fait observer le representant de la Nouvelle-Ulande, parce que la responsabilite des evenements qui se sont produits incombe, non pas a des particuliers, mais a un Etat ou gouvernement. 11 est un autre aspect douloureux de la question dont la delegation peruvienne ne peut se desinteresser : les incidents ont fait 37 morts et 30 blesses. Aussi mon premier devoir est-it d'exprimer toute. ma sympathie aux familles des victimes et de dire la part que je prends au deuit de leur patrie. 56. A l'heure actuelle, l'important est de retablir le calme dans les esprits. I1 faut que le Conseil de securite, conformement a ses attributions juridiques et en se faisanl I'interprete de tous les peuples, adresse un appel aux parties pour qu'elles evitent a tout prix d'augmenter la tension international~ et'd'aggraver la situation. '" 57. A cet egard, je m'associe' aux eloges que I;on a decernes au Gouvernement egyptien pour l'attitude qu'it observe en cette circonstance. 58. Notre tache est avant tout d'examiner les faits,aussi completement que possible, ear, comme l'a sibien,dit le representant de l'Iran; pour pouvoir prendre des mesilres, nous devons connaitre tous les elements de I'affaire. Or, pour avoir one connaissance complete des faits, il nous faut non seulement recevoir les rapports officiels et etudier la situation a fond - en creant au besoin on sous- comite - mais encore, a mon avis, entendre le general Burns en personne, comme l'a propose si judicieusement le representant des Etats-Unis. ' 59. En terminant, je voudrais repeter le va:u exprime id par tous les representants: it faut que les parties evitent toute mesure qui pourrait augmenter la tension inter- nationale. le voudrais aussi appuyer la motion des Etats- Unis tendant ace que le general Burns, sieela lui est pos- sible et si ses fonctions lui permettent de s'absenter, se presente devant le Conseil pour lui exposer dirC':tement les faits. 60. M. Shuhsi HSU (Chine) (traduit de l'anglais): Ma delegation appuie la proposition tendant a inviter le general Burns aprendre part aux deliberations du Conseil relatives a cette question. Nous le faisons non seulement parce que, dans toute affaire, il est souhaitable d'avoir un rapport etabli par un tiers, mais aussi et surtout parce qu'il s'agit la d'une affaire tres grave. S'il est prouve que 1'une des parties interessees a ~mrnis une agression violente et premeditee, it ne lui suffira pas, pour se jus- tifier, d'invoquer les violations continues que l'autre

As I have no other speakers on my list, I should like to make a brief statement, in my ..:apacity as the representative of TURKEY, setting torth the views of my Government on this matter at this preliminary stage. 62. The special interest which the Turkish Government has always had in the establishment and maintenance of pe~lce and stability in the Middle East has caused us to view the preliminary reports of this unfortunate incident with very grave concern. We are convinced that the report of the Mixed Armistice Commission will clarify the details of this incident and show the degree (}f respon- sibility which rests on those who have resorted to the use of force. However, in the meantime, we are obliged to express our deep regret that an incident of this nature should have taken place and that the tranquillity of the Middle East should thus be gravely disturbed at a time when the area is more than ever in need of stability and peace. 63. As I said at the beginning of my statement, the tranquillity and security of the Middle East is a matter of particular interest to my Government. This concern for the establishment of a just peace and for the strengthening of security in the Middle East has recently found ~.xpressionin the signing by Turkey and Iraq ofa defensive treaty which thrusts upon my Government a responsibility requiring an even more direct and active interest than before. It is in the light of these considerations that we feel obliged to stress our deep concern over the grave incident which has taken place in Gaza. 64. In considering this question at this stage, we also feel that we must express our satisfaction at the restraint which has been shown so far by the Egyptian authorities. 65. In conclusion, I should like to extend our deepest sympathy to the people and the Government of Egypt for the lives which have been lost in this regrettable incident. 66. Speaking now as PRESIDENT, I think it is in accordance with the opinion of the majority, as expressed here in the Council, to request the Secretary-General kindly to inform General Burns that a personal and oral repon by him to the Security Council will be appreciated, provided, of course, that he can be spared from his duties in Palestine.

I will as a matter of course inform General Bums at once about the views expressed around this table. We will have the written report sbon!y, I hope, and I will discuss urgently with the general the possibility of his attending the next meeting of the Security Council. But I have noted that, according to the views expressed here, it is fully recognized that his presence in Palestine might be necessary. 61. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Puisqu'i1 n'y a plus d'orateurs inscrits, je voudrais faire une breve declaration en ma qualite de representant de la TU RQUIE, et exposer les vues de mon gouvernement sur cctte affaire, teUe qu'cHe se presente aetueUement. 62. Le Gouvernement ture a toujours porte un tres viI' inh~ret a I'etablissement et au maintien de la paix et de la stabilite dans le Moyen-Orient; aussi les rapports preliminaires sur eet incident regrettable lui inspirent-ils une profonde inquietude. Nous sommes eonvaincus que le rapport de la Commission mixtc d 'armistice eclairera les details de cet incident et permettra de determiner la responsabilite qui incombe aeeux qui ont eu recours ala force. En attendant, nous nous sentons obliges de declarer que nous regrettons profondement qu'un incident de eette nature ait pu se produire et que la tranquillite du Moyen- Orient ait ete si gravement troublee aun moment 011 cette region avait plus que jamais besoin de paix et de stabilite. 63. Comme je viens de le dire, mon gauvernement se preoceupe tout particulierement de la tranquillite et de la securite du Moyen-Orient. L'inter!t que la Turquie porte a l'ctablissement d'unc paix equitable et au renforce- ment de la securite du Moyen-Orient I'a amenee tout reeemment a signer avec l'Irak un traite de defense; ee traite impose a mon gouvernement une responsabilite accrue qui I'oblige as'interesser plus directement et plus activement que jamais aeette region. C'est ala lumiere de ces considerations que nous nous sentons obliges de souligner notre inquietude sur eet incident grave qui a eu lieu a Gaza. 64. A ce stade de nos debats, nous tenons aussi a dire combien nous apprecions la moderation dont les autorites egyptiennes ont fait preuve jusqu'ici. 65. En terminant, je voudrais exprimer notre profonde sympathie au pe~ple et au Gouvernement de l'Egypte pour les pertes humaines qu'i1s viennent de subir a la suite de ce regrettable incident. 66. Parlant en tant que PRESIDENT, je crois inter- preter le vreu de la majorite en-priant le Secretaire general de bien vouloir informer le general Burns que le Conseil de securite souhaiterait I'entendre en ~rsonne, si toute- fois ses fonctions ne le retiennent pas en Palestine. 67. Le SECRETAIRE GENERAL (traduit de l'anglais): 11 va de soi que je communiquerai immediatement au general Burns les opinions qui ont ete exprimees ici. Nous recevrons bientot, je l'espere, son rapport <Serit. le vais examiner d'urgence avec lui s'il sera en mesure d'assister a la prochaine seance du Conseil de s<Seurite. le vois, d'ailleurs, que Ies membres du Conseil admettent parI'ai- tement que sa presence pourrait etre neeessairc en Palestine. 69. As President of the Security Council, I strongly urge both of the parties concerned to do their utmost to maintain calm and tranquillity by abstaining from any use of force or otherwise aggravating the situation over which the members of the Security Council have already expressed their deep concern. The meeting rose at 4.45 p.m. 69. En ma qualite de President du Conseil de securite, j'adjure les parties de faire tous leurs efforts pour pre- server la tranquillite dans cette region, en evitant de recourir a la force ou it toute autre mesure propre a aggraver une situation qui inquiete deja si profondement les membres du Conseil de securite. La seance est levee d /6 h. 45. 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