S/PV.872 Security Council

On 1 July letters were received from the permanent representative of Belgium indicating that his country would welcome an opportunity to be hea.rd during the meeting at which the Security Council examined the application of the Republic of the Congo for admission to membership in the United Nations. These letters were distributed as documents S/4367 and S/4370. 1. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'espagnol): Le 1er juillet, nous avons re<;u des communications du representant permanent de la Belgique indiquant que son pays serait heureux de pouvoir ~tre entendu au cours de la seance que le Conseil de securite consacrerait l\ l'examen de la demande d'adinission l\ l'Organisation des Nations Unies de la Republique du Congo. Ces communications ont ete distribuees sous les cotes S/4367 et S/4370. 2. S'il nly a pas dlobjection, je considererai que le Conseil accepte dlinviter le representant de la Belgique l\ prendre la par""Cl. 2. If there is no objection, I shall consider that the Council agrees to invite the representative ofBelgium to participate in the meeting. At the invitation of the President, Mr. WaIter Loridan, representative of Belgium, took a place at the Council table. Sur l'invitation du Pr~sident, M. WaIter Loridan, repr~sentant de la Belgique, prend place a la table du Conseil.

The application of the Republic of the Congo for admission to membership in the United Nations was submittedto the Secretary-General on 1 July 1960 by the Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo and has been distributed to members as document S/4361. 3. Le PRESIDENT (traduitde l'espagnol): Lademande d'admission de la Republique du Congo l\ l'Organisa- tion des Nations Unies a ete adressee au Secretaire general le 1er juillet 1960 par le Premier Ministre de la Republique du Congo et distribuee aux membres du Conseil sous la cote S/4361. 4. La presente seance a ete convoquee pour exa- miner cette requ~te comme suite l\ une demande du representant de la Tunisie, reproduite dans le docu- ment S/4368. 4. This meeting has been convened to consider the application upon a request by the representative of Tunisia, which appears in document S/4368. President: M. Jose A. CORR]~A (Equateur). Ordre du jour provisoire (SIAgenda/872) Admission de nouveaux Melnbres Cl l'Organisation des Nations Unies 6. If there is no objection, I shall take it that the Council so decides. It was so decided. 7. The PRESIDENT (translatedfrom Spanish):Before calling on the first speaker on my list I should like to draw the Council's attention to the draft resolution submitted by the Tunisian ~('legation [S/4369].

r I should like first to thank you, Mr. President, and the other members of the Council for allowing me the privilege of addressing the Security Council during its consideration of the application of the Republic of the Congo for admission to the UnitedNations. Ihave been instructed by my Government to make the following statement in this connexion. 9. The Belgian Government is happy and proud to support the application of the Government ofthe Congo for admission to membership in the United Nations. 10. On 30 June 1960 a joint declaration was solemnly signed stating that the Congo is attaining independence and international sovereignty in full agreement and friendship with Belgium. Belgium has thus fulfilled the undertakings which it had unilaterally assumed under Article 73 of the Charter, and which merely confirmed its traditional policy. 11. On 30 June 1960 the Prime Minister of the Con- golese Government, Mr. patrice Lumumba, stated: ItBelgium has been able to recognize our independ- ence without delay and without limitations, thanks to the realistic policy of its leaders, who are an honour to Belgium. We hope that this policy will lead to a lasting and fruitful co-operation between our two peoples, which are now equal and bound by friendship. " 12. During a very brief but fully utilized transition period, the Belgian Government, in collaboration with the best qualified representatives of the Congolese people, worked to establishthe institutions ofa modern State. Communal and later national elections on the basis of universal suffrage and afree and secret ballot were organized throughout the country. On that demo- cratic basis and in accordance with a provisional in- stitutional law, all the organs of government were established. On 30 June 1960 the Congo had a Chief of State, 9. properly constituted central government, two national legislative chambers and executive and de- liberative provincial organs. These are the institutions which will draw up and adopt the permanent constitu- tional law of the new State. 13. This democratic Congo, led by men animated by love of their country and aleoby an awareness of their 11 en est ainsi decide. 7. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'espagnol): Avant de donner la parole au premier orateur inscrit, je voudrais appeler l'attention du Conseil sur le projet de resolution presente par la delegation tunisienne [S/4369]. 8. M. LORlDAN (Belgique): Monsieur le President, je voudrais avant tout vous exprimer, ainsi qu'aux autres membres du Conseil, mes vifs remercie- ments pour avoir bien voulu m'accorder le privi- l~ge d'@tre entendu par le Conseil de securite au moment oft celui-ci aborde l'examen de la demande d'admission ~ l'Organisation des Nations Unies de la Republique du Congo. J'ai ete charge par mon gouvernement de faire ~ ce sujet la declaration suivante. 9. Le Gouvernement beIge est heureux et fier d'ap- puyer le Gouvernement congolais qui sol1icite l'ad- mission de la Republique du Congo ~ l'Organisation des Nations Unies. 10. Le 30 juin 1960 a ete solennellement signee une declaration commune constatant que le Congo acc~de, en plein accord et amitie avec la Belgique, ~ l'inde- pendance et ~ la souverainete internationale. Ainsi la Belgique a-t-elle rempli les engagements qu'elle avait unilateralement pris par l'Article 73 de la Charte, et qui ne faisaient que confirmer sa poli- tique traditionnelle. 11. Le 30 juin 1960, le Premier Ministre du Gou- vernem'ant congolais, M. Patrice Lumumba, a declare: "La Belgique a su reconnartre notre independance sans~ retard et sans restriction gr§.ce ~ la poli- tique realiste de ses chefs, qui font honneur ~ la Belgique. Nous souhaitons que cette politique abou- tisse ~ une collaboration durable et feconde entre nos deux peuples desormais egaux et lies par l'amitie." 12. En collaboration avec les representants les plus qualifies de la population congolaise, le Gou- vernement beIge a veille, pendant une periode de transition - fort courte et fort activement utilisee - ~ mettre en place les institutions d'un Etat moderne. Des elections communales, puis nationales, au suf- frage universel libre et secret, ont ete organisees dans tout le pays. C'est sur cette base democratique qu'ont pu ~tre etablis, conformement ~ une 101 Instltutionnelle provisolre, tous les organes du pou- voir. Au 30 juin 1960, le Congo etait dote d'un chef d'Etat, d'un gouvernement central reguli~rement constitue~ de deux chambres legislatives nationales, ainsi que d'organes provinciaux aussl bien executifs que deliberants. Ce sont ces institutions qui elabo- reront et adopteront la 101 constltutlonnelle defi- nitive du nouvel Etat. 13. Ce Congo democratique, dirige par des hommes CDl'anime l'amour de leur patrie, mais aussi le 16. By their active participation in allthese achieve- ments, the people ofthe Congo have demonstratedtheir great innate abilities. Belgium can bear witIiess to those abilities and has no doubt thattheywill be stimu- lated by the country's attainment of independence. 17. To enable the political authorities to work effec- tively from the outset Belgium is preparedto maintain and develop both technical and financial assistance to the Congo. For instance, it is placingunderthe super- vision and control of the Congolese authorities the of- ficials, judges, officers and educators whose services the Gongolese Government wishes to retain. The broad principles of this collaboration have been set out in a treaty of friendship and co-operation which will bring into associatiol) two free, sovereign, independent and equal states bound by ties offriendship andwill enable them to benefit mutually from their co-operation. 18. The United Nations and its specialized agencies can· effectively assist the Congo to develop in inde- pendence, ensuring its security as well as its pros- perity. 19. It is in the light of these considerations that Belgium warmly recommends the admission of the new state to membership in the United Nations.

The date 30 June 1960 will be remembered as an aus- picious one in the annals of Mrican history. On that day the independence of the former Belgian Congo was proclaimed in full agreement with Belgium, and the Republic of the Congo thus came into being. 21. The following day, 1 July 1960, Mr. Patrice Lumumba, Prime Minister of the Government of the Republic of the Congo, sent a telegram [S/4361] to the Secretary-General requesting that his country be admitted to membership in the United Nations. In that document, Prime Minister Lumumba solemnly declared that, in conformity with Article 4, the Repub- lic of the Congo accepts all the obligations stipulated in the Charter and undertakes to abide by them in absolute loyalty and good faith. 22. The members of the Security Council must cer- tainly have regarded it as natural that my delegation, representing an Mrican country, shouldhavetakenthe initiative in requesting you, Mr. President, to call a meeting of the Council to eonsider this application and 15. L'Etat congolais possMe aussi les elements necessaires pour assurer ~ sa population la seeu- rite interieure et l'amelioration constante de son niveau de vie. La force publique est, dans l'ensemble, bien entrarhee. Les richesses naturelles sont impor- tantes et leur mise en valeur est poussee. Le reseau d'enseignement est couronne par deux universites dans lesquelles toutes les facultes sont representees. Les centres de recherches scientifiques ont une reputation internationale• 16. La population congolaise a montre, par sa participation essentielle a toutes ces realisations, ses grandes qualites fonci~r~s. La Belgique peut en temoigner et ne doute pas que ces qualites seront stimulees par l'aecession du pays ~ l'independance. 17. Pour que les autorites politiques puissent, d~s le debut, exercer une action efficace, la Belgique est disposee ~ maintenir et il. developper une assis- tance technique aussi bien qu'une aide financi~re. Elle place, notamment, sous la direction et le con- trOle des autorites, les fonctionnaires, les magistrats, les officiers, les enseignants que le Gouvernement congolais est desireux de conserver ~ son service. Un traite d'amitie et de cooperation prevoit les grands principes de cette collaboration, qui doit associer deux Etats libres souverains, independants et egaux, mais lies par l'amitie, et les faire bene- ficier mutuellement de leur entraide. 18. L'Organisation des Nations Unies et ses insti- tutions specialisees peuvent aider puissamment le Congo il. se developper dans l'independance, en assu- rant sa securite aussi bien que sa prosperite. 19. Telles sont les considerations pour lesquelles la Belgique recommande chaleureusement 1'admis- sion du nouvel Etat il. l'Organisation des Nations Unies. 20. M. SLIM (Tunisie): Le 30 juin 1960 sera consi- dere comme un jour heureux dans les annales afri- caines. En effet, ce jour-la fut proclamee, en plein accord avec la Belgique, 1'independance de ce qui fut le Congo beIge, devenant ainsi la Republique du Congo. 21. Le lendemain, le ler juillet 1960, M. Patrice Lumumba, premier ministre du Gouvernement de la Republique du Congo, adressa un telegramme [8/4361] au 8ecretaire general, demandant l'admis- sion de son pays comme membre de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies. Dans le m~me document, le premier ministre Lumumba declare solennellement que, conformement a l'Article 4, la R6publique du Congo accepte toutes les obligations de la Charte et s'engage a les executer en toute loyaute et bonne foi. 22. Les membres du Conseil de securite ant cer- tainement trouve normal que ma deH}gation, repre- sentant un pays de I'Mrique, ait pris l'initiative de demander au President de reunir le Conseil en vue d'examiner cette demande et de fsire il. l'Assemblee 23. My delegation is gratified that the Council has given the representative of Belgium, the former ad- ministering Power of the Congo, an opportunity to furnish further information concerning the application before it. The admirable, though brief, statement by the Belgian representative which we have just heard has, we believe, provided the Council with the neces- sary information concerning the developments which led to the Congolese people's recovery of their inde- pendence in full agreement with Belgium. The Belgium representative gave us a general picture ofthe present situation in the young Republic which, we feel, dispels all doubt regarding its status as a fully independent and sovereign state since 30 June 1960. 24. The recognition of the independence of the Congo on 30 June 1960 by His Majesty King Baudouin I of Belgium and by his Government formally marked the appearance on the international scene of this new Mrican state which enjoys all the attributes of sovereignty and is in a position to assume all its responsibilities, both internal and external. 25. On 30 June 1960 my Government warmly con- gratuiated the Congolese people upon their attainment of independence and officially recognized the new sovereign state. 26. The executive, legislative and judicial powers of the new State, as defined by the fundamental law of 31 March 1960, which was drawn up and discussed in full co-operation and agreement with the qualified nationalist representatives of the Congolese people, are L1.disputably those of a democratically organized State possessing normal governmental machinery for the maintenance of internal order and stability and for the discharge of its international obligations. 27. The Tunisian delegation is therefore certain that the Republic of the Congo will be able, when admitted to the United Nations, to fulfil the obligations placed by the Charter on Member States. What is more, I am convinced that this future Member State will strive to make a genuine and conscientious contribution to the Organization with a view to sound and fruitful co- operation with all other Member States in the main- tenance of international peace and security and in promoting better understanding between the various groups which make up the human race. 28. Prior to the Belgian occupation, the Congolese, a naturally tolerant people, had periods ofglory which still live in the memories of Africans. The former Kingdom of the Congo, which reached its peak in the sixteenth century, maintained normal diplomatic rela- tions with Brazil, Portugal, the Netherlands and the Holy See. The Luba and Lundaempires andthe Bakuka Confederation bequeathed to the whole Congolese peo·· pIe sound traditions of wisdom and tolerance. The 4 23. C'est avec satisfaction que ma delegation a enregistre 1'heureusa decision qu'a prise le Conseil en permettant au representant de la Belgique, ancien pays administrant le Congo, de lui fournir des eclaircissements au sujet de la demande dont il est saisi. L'expose admirable - quoique bref - que vient de nous faire le representant de la Belgique a edifie suffisamment le Conseil, A notre avis, sur 1'evolution qui a amene lepeuple congolais Arecouvrer son independance en plein accord avec la Belgique. n nous a donne un aperQu general de 1'etat actuel de la jeune Republique qui ne laisse subsister, selon nous, aucun doute sur la situation actuelle de la Repu- blique du Congo comme Etat pleinement independant et souverain depuis le 30 juin 1960. 24. La reconnaissance, en effet, ce m~me jour du 30 juin 1960, de l'independance du Congo par Sa Majeste le roi Baudouin ler de Belgique et par son gouverne- ment est certes la consecration de la naissance, dans le domaine international, de ce nouvel Etat africain, jouissant de tous les attributs de la souverainete et en mesure d'en assumer toutes les responsabilites, aussi bien internes qu'externes. 25. En exprimarit ses chaleureuses felicitations au peuple congolais pour son accession A1'independance, mon gouvernement s'est empresse, d~s le 30 juin 1960, de reconnai'tre officiellement le nOUTel Etat souverain. 26. L'organisation des pouvoirs executif, legislatif et judiciaire du nouve! Etat, tels qu'ils ont ete definis par la loi fondamentale du 31 mars 1960,10i preparee et discutee en pleine collaboration et en plein accord avec les representants nationalistes qualifies du peuple congolais, est sans conteste celle d'un Etat democratiquement organise, ayant enmainun appareil de gouvernement normal lui permettant d'assurer l'ordre et la stabilite Al'interieur et de faire face A ses obligations dans le domaine exterieur. 27. La delegation tunisienne a donc la conviction qu'une fois admise au sein des Nations Unies, la Repubr,.que du Congo sera en mesure de remplir les devoirs que la Charte prescrit aux Etats Membres de notre organisation. Bien plus, je suis convaincu que C6 futur Etat Membre aura Acoour d'apporter A1'Orga- nisation toute sa contribution sinc~re et loyale en vue d'une saine et utile cooperation avec tous les autres Etats Membres, pour le maintien de la paix· et de la securite internationales et pour une plus large com- prehension entre les differentes collectivites qui composent l'humanite enti~re. 28. Tolerant par nature, le peuple congolais a eu, avant 1'occupation beIge, des periodes de gloire encore presentes dans la memoire des Africains. L'ancien royaume du Congo, qui a connu son apogee au XVI~me si~cle, avalt entretenu des relations diplomatiques normales avec le Bresil, le Portugal, les Pays-Bas et le Saint-Si~ge. Les empires de Luba et de Lunda, ainsi que la Confederation des Bakuka, avaient transmis A 1'ensemble des Congolais de J 29. The wisdom of today's Congolese "~lite", the great traditions of tolerance inherited from its ances- tors, its intelligence, patriotism and theusefulknowl- edge acquired through its contact with the Belgian people are all guarantees that the people as a whole will live together in an increasingly united society and will shape their institutions in a manner befitting the national character and in accordance with modern democratic principles. 30. Like all African peoples, the Congolese are es- sentially peace-loving. Their awareness of their new international responsibilities will undoubtedlyencour- age them to enter into good neighbourly relations with all other countries and to seek to settle all disputes by amicable arrangements designed to sustainfriend- ship betweenpeoples and genuine peaceful co-existence based on justice, dignity and mutual respect. 31. Independence will of course mean that the people of the Congo will have to cope with difficulties, es- pecially in the economic field. Notwithstanding the aid received from Belgium in the past, the Congo is still, like all the African countries, an under-developed country. It will have topromote economic development in accordance with its own interests in order to raise its level of living and accele1'ate its social advance- ment. Assistance from all friendly countries, and particularly Belgium, will probably not be lacking, but it is the clear duty of the United Nations and its specialized agencies to make their fullest contribution to that aid, as provided in the Charter and the various General Assembly resolutions on the question. 32. In this connexion, I should like to refer to the wise initiative taken by the Secretary-General in dele- gating Mr. Ralph Bunche to be present at the procla- mation of independence and to study the situation with a view to enabling th~ United Nations to provide all possible assistance to this young African state. 33. I do not wish to conclude my remarks without paying a tribute to the Belgian Government for the way in which it finally helped the people of the Congo to recover their full sovereignty. It is true that the history of the former Belgian Congo since 1876 has not invariably been happy; there were periods when the Congo was subjectedto the fullforce of the colonial system with its disregard of the natural rights of men. 34. But we African peoples, however vigorous and vigilant we may be in the defence of our rights and our dignity, are no less ready to respond to recon- ciliation and sincere and loyal friendship once those rights have been effectivelyrecognized andthat dignity has been respected. 35. That is a measure of the satisfaction I feel in freely recognizing the realism and good faith shown by the Belgian Government in these last two years J 30. Comme tous les peuples· ~ricains, le peuple congolais est essentiellement pacifique. Conscient de ses nouvelles responsabilites internationales, il aura, sans doute, tendance a observer avec toutes les autres nations les relations de bon voisinage et a voir regler tous les conflits qui pourraient surgirpar les voies amiables, si utiles a l'amitie entre les peuples et a une sinc~re coexistence pacifique fondee sur la justice, la dignite et le respect mutuel. 31. En recouvrant son independance, le valeureux peuple congolais aura, certes, aaffronter des difficul- tes, notamment dans le domaine economique. Malgre l'apport beIge du passe, le Congo demeure, comme tous les pays africains, un pays insuffisamment developpe. n aura a promouvoir une evolution eco- nomique conforme a son propre inter~t, en vue de relever son niveau de vie et d'activer son progr~s social. L'assistance de tous les pays amis, et notam- ment de la Belgique, ne lui fera probablement pas defaut, mais il est certes du devoir de notre organi- sation et de ses institutions specialisees de lui apporter toute leur contribution dans le cadre a la fois de la Charte et des differentes resolutions de l'Assemblee generale en la mati~re. 32. Je me permets de souligner a cesujetl'heureuse initiative prise par le Secretaire general d'avoir delegue M. Ralph Bunche 'pour assister a la procla- mation de l'independance du Congo et pour proceder a toutes les etudes necessaires afin que 1'Organisation puisse apporter toute l'assistance possible ace jeune Etat africain. 33. J e ne saurais terminer mon intervention sans rendre hommage au Gouyernement beIge pour la mani~re avec laquelle il a finalement aide la peuple congolais a recouvrer la plenitude de sa souverainete. Certes, il n'y a pas eu que des jours heureux dans I'histoire de l'ancien Congo beIge depuis 1876. 11 y a bien eu des periodes ou le syst~me colonial s 'y est exerce avec toute sa rigueur et son mepris des droits naturels de l'~tre humain. 34. Mais nous, peuples africains, autant nous sommes vifs et vigilants dans la defense de nos droits et de notre dignite, autant naus sommes prompts et ouverts a la reconcilitation et a l'amitie sinc~reetloyale, une fois ces droits effectivement r€lconnus et cette dignite respectee. 35. C'est dire avec quelle satisfaction je me dois de reconna1'tre honn~tement le realisme et la loyaute que le Gouvernement beIge a montres au cours de 36. Before closing, I should like once againto convey my delegation's warmest congratulations to the Con- golese people and to express our best wishes for the happiness, prosperity and tranquillity of the young Republic of the Congo. 37. My delegation has submitted to the Council a draft resolution [S/4369] recommendingtotheGeneral Assembly tbe admission of the Republic of the Congo to membership in the United Nations. I trust that the Council will adopt it unanimously.

Since the beginning of the year, the Security Council has made favourable recommendations to the next session of the General Assembly concerning the ad- mission to the United Nations of five African States. 39. Today it is the turn of the former State of the Congo. Because of its size, its population, the diversi- ty of its natural resources and the position it occupies in the centre of the continent, it is destined to play an important part in Africa and in international life. In the course of a series of swiftly moving developments, the new Republic has drawn up a constitution and es- tablished the institutions necessary for the conduct of its affairs. 40. We sincerely hope that the young State will de- velop successfully in peace and order and thus make its contribution to the work of the United Nations. 41. To our best wishes, I should like to add our con- gratulations to Belgium. The work that Belgium has accomplished in the Congo during the past seventy- five years in the economic, cultural and political fields is universally recognized. Belgium is also to be congratulated on the liberalism it showed when the question of the emancipation of the Congo arose. 42. France will most warmly recommend the admis- sion of the new Republic to the United Nations. The new State is one to which France is bound by a com- mon language and France values that bond. It is also a neighbour of territories for whose development France has been responsible. We hope for that reason to enjoy especially friendly relations with it. c~res. 36. Je 'Joudrais, avant de conclure, renouveler au peuple congolais les felicitations les plus chaleureuses de ma delegation et adresser nos vooux les plus sinc-~rel3 de bonheur, de prosperite et de quietude a la jeune Republique du Congo. 37. Ma delegation a soumis au Conseil un projet de resolution [S/4369] recommandant a I 'Assembll~e generale l'admission de laRepublique du Congo comme Membre de l'Organisation des Nations Unies. Je me permets d'esperer que le Conseil l'adoptera a 1'unanimite. 38. M. MILLET (France): Depuie le debutdel'annee, le Conseil de securite a deja. emis des recommanda- tions favorables a l'admission, par la prochaine Assemblee generale, de cinq Etats africains au sein de notre organisation. 39. Aujourd'hui vient le tour de l'ancien Etat du Congo. Par son etendue, par le nombre de ses habi- tants, par la variete de ses ressources naturelIes, par la position qu'il occupe au centre du continent, ce pays est appele a tenir en Afrique et dans la vie internationale une place importante. La nouvelle Republique, au cours d'une evolutionrapide, areussia se doter d'une constitution et a mettre en place les institutions necessaires a. la marche du pays. 40. Nous souhaitons de tout creur que ce jeune Etat puisse se developper heureusement dans l'ordre et la. tranquillite et apporter ainsi sa contribution aux Nations Unies. 41. Aux vreux que nous lui exprimons, jeveuxjoindre les felicitations que nous adressons a la Belgique. Pendant trois quarts de si~cle, elIe a accompli dans ce pays une reuvre economique, culturelle et politique a laquelIe chacun s'accorde a rendre hommage. Felicitons-Ia egalement du liberalisme dont elIe a fait preuve lorsque s'est posee la question de l'eman- cipation du Congo. 42. C'est avec une chaleur particuli~reque la France recommandera l'admission a l'Organisation des Na- tions Unies de la nouvelIe Republique. n s'agit, en effet, d'un Etat auquel l'unit une communaute de langue qui lui est precieuse. n s'agit, d'autre part, d'un Etat voisin de territoires dont la France a eu mission de guider l'eyolution. Nous souhaltons pour cette raison entretenir avec lui des relations parti- culi~rementamicales. 44. In the common interest of the Governments of Leopoldville and Brazzaville, my delegation considers it essential that an amicable and satisfactory solu- tion should be reached between the parties as soon as possible and before the next session of the General Assembly, taking into account the prior claim of the Repub!ic with its capital at Brazzaville. 45. It would indeed be regrettable-and the Council will no doubt agree with me on this-if such a dif- ference should cast a shadow over the admission to the United Nations of the State whose application is now before us. I would ask the other members of the Council whether they do not agree that the matter should be settled before the General Assembly meets. 46. My delegation will be happy to 'Vote in favour of the draft resolution submitted by the Tunisian dele- gation. 47. Mr. WILCOX (United States of America): 'l'he purpose of our meeting today is to extend the hand of friendship to the people and the Government of the Republic of the Congo. The United States warmlywel- comes its application for membership of the United Nations. We are happy to see the Congo join the grow- ing family of independent nations and we wish the new State every possible success. 48. I had occasiou recently to visit this great new central African Republic, and I returned to the United States concerned with its pressing problems and im- pressed with its unparalleled opportunities. 49. The Congo is large and diverse. The UnitedStates is likewise large and diverse and our experience, therefore, has some relevance. Diversity, far from posing a problem for the United States, has been one of its major sources of strength. If there are some seventy major ethnic groups in the Congo, there may be nearly as many in the UnitedStates, including some 20 million Americans of African origin. If the issue of the rights of the local governmental units versus the central Government is a vital one in the Congo, it is of continuing importance in the United States. The new Republic of the Congo w111 have a long and difficult road to travel, but the difficulties w111 make the achievements of its leaders all the greater. 44. Ma delegation estime que, dans 1'inter~t commun des Gouvernements de Leopoldville et deBrazzaville, il est necessaire, qu'intervienneaussitOtquepossible, et avant la prochainesessiondel'Assembleegemerale, une solution amiable et satisfaisante entre les parties, solution qui devrait tenir compte de l'anteriorite de la republique dont la capitale est Brazzaville. 45. n serait en effet regrettable - etle Conseill'es- timera sans aucun doute avec moi - qu'une telle divergence jette una ombre sur l'entree parmi les Nations Unies de l'Etat dont nous examinons au- iourd'hui la candidature. Je demande aux autres membres du Conseil stils ne pensentpas, commemoi, qutil serait necessaire dtaboutir ~ un r~glementavant la reunion prochaine de notre assemblee generale. 46. Ma delegation sera heureuse de voter en faveur du projet de resolution presente par la delegation de la Tunisie. 47. M. WILCOX (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) [traduit de l'anglais]: Nous sommes reunis aUjourdthui po-Sil' tendre la main de l'amitHi au peuple et au gouverne- ment de la Republique du Congo. Les Etats-Unis se rejouissent de la demande d'admissionduCongo.Nous sommes heureux de voir ce pays se joindre au cercle de plus en plus large des natioIll\ independantes et nous souhaitons au nouvel Etat tous les succ~s possibles. 48. Ayant eu recemment 1'occ.asion de visiter cette grande republique, en plein creur de l'Afrique. je Buis revenu aux Etats-Unis preoccupe des probl~mes pressants qui l'assailIent et frappe des perspectives incomparables quisJouvrent ~ elIe. 49. Comme les Etats-Unis, le Congo est un pays immense et divers; aussi notre experience peut-elIe lui ~e de quelque utilite. La diversite, loin d'~re un probl~inepour notre pays, a ete 1'undes principaux facteurs de sa puissance. S'H y a au Congo quelque 70 groupes ethniques principaux, il y en a presque autant aux Etats-Unis, notammentquelque 20 millions d'Ame- ricains d'origine africaine. Si la question des droits des autorites locales en face de ceux de l'autorite centrale est T.itale au Congo, elIe continue 1\ etre importante aux Etats-Unis aussi. La nouvelle Repu.. blique du Congo aura deTant elle une route longue et difficile, mais les realisations de ses dirigeants nten fleront que plus dignes d'admiration. 51. The Congo has inherited a primary education rat(~ which is one of the highest in Africa. It has a large cadre of highly trained and skilled technicians who have run the port of Leopoldville, for example, and the country's mines for many years. It has two very good universities where administrators, doctors and others who are so desperately needed can be trained. There is an excellent system of vocational education. Moreover, the Congo has a relatively large capital base and reasonably well developed natural resources which should facilitate further progress. Its hydro- electric potential, for example, is tremendous. 52. In reviewing the assets of the Congo I have re- ferred to only a few examples. Our attention has been drawn inevitably to the extensive work of economic and social development carried out by Belgium. Let me congratulate the Government andpeople ofBelgium on the many constructive contributions whichthey have made to the well-being of the Congolese people. 53. If I may once again draw a parallel with my own country, by comparison with the thirteen States that banded together to form the United states in the be- ginning, the Congo is considerably richer in natural resources and has several times the population. We are confident, therefore, that the Congo can prosper in freedom. 54. The United states has abiding faith inthe capacity of the people of the Congo to builda great new modern state. The United States stands ready to demonstrate in concrete terms its interest in and support for the welfare and progress of the Congo. Our assistance will include, if the people and Go-vernment of the Congo desire, haining grants and scholarships andtechnical aid in other forms. Whatever the precise form of pro- gramme finally established, it will be solely for the welfare of the people of that country. 55. The United States is particularly pleased that independence has been achieved with full Belgian support. We are happy to note that both Belgian and Congolese officials, now that independence has been attained, agree on the principle of continuing Belgian assistance to the new state and continuation of close ties between the two. By putting these relations on a new basis which safeguards the rights and the dignity of both sides, the Congolese and Belgian Governments have contributed positively to the cause of human liberty and world peace. 56. We hope that other Members ofthe United Nations will review the possibility of assistance to the Congo, either on a bilateral basis or through multilateral channels. We believe also that the Congo will look for strong moral and material supportfrom the United Nations. We can assure the Congo today that, so far as we are concerned, it can expect to find sympathy 51. Le Congo herite d'un enseignementprimairedont le niveau est un des plus hauts d'Afrique. n possMe aussi de mlmbreux cadres de teclmiciens experimen- tes et de haute qualite, qui assurent notammentdepuis bien des annees le fonctionnement du port de Leopold- ville et l'exploitation des mines du pays. U a deux excellentes universites, capables de former les admi- nistrateurs, merlecins et autres specialistes dont il a tant besoin. Son reseau d'ecoles professionnelles est excellent. Le Congo est en outre nanti de capitaux relativement importants et dote de richesses natu- relles suffisamment exploitees, ce qui devrait faci- !iter ses progr~s. Son potentiel hydro-electrique, par exemple, est enorme. 52. Les quelques exemples que je viens de citer dans mon inventaire des avantages dont jouit le Cong(J attirent invinciblementnotre attention sur l'oou- vre immense accomplie par laBelgique dans le domai- ne economique et social. Qu'il me soitpermisde feli- citer le gouvernement et le peuple beIges des efforts innombrables et constructifs qu'ils ont deployes pour la prosperite de la population congolaise. 53. 8i je puis tracer un autre parall~le avec mon propre pays, je dirai que, par comparaison avec les 13 Etats dont la reunion est 1\ l'origine des Etats-Unis, le Congo est infiniment plus riche en ressources naturelles et que sa population est plu- sieurs fois plus nombreuse. C'est pourquoi nous sommes persuades que le Congo peut prosperer dans la liberte. 54. Les Etats-Unis ont foi dans l'aptitude du peuple congolais ~ edifier un grand Etat moderne. Us sont pr@ts 1\ manifester de fayon concr~te l'inter@t qu'ils portent ~ la prosperite et au developpement du Congo ainsi que leur desir d'y aider. Cette aide comprendra, si le peuple et le gouvernement congolais le desirent, des bourses d'etudes et de formation ainsi que d'autres formes d'aide technique. Quelle que soit la forme donnee finalement ~ ce programme, il s'inspirera uniquement de 1'inter~t du peuple congolais. 55. Les Etats-Unis se rejOllissent tout particuli~re­ ment de constater que le Congo est arrive 1\ 1'inde- pendance avec l'appui complet de la Belgique. NOlls sommes heureux de noter que, maintenant que le pays est independant, les fonctionnaires beIges et les fonctionnaires congolais s'accordent 1\ penser que la Belgique doit continuer 1\ aider le 1I0uvel Etat et que des liens etroits doivent continuer El. unir lea deux pays. En plac;ant leurs relations sur une base nouvelle, qui sauvegarde les droits et la dignite des deux parties, le Gouvernement congolais et le Gou- vernement beIge ont contribue d'une faQon positive A la cause de la liberte humaine etde la paix mondiale. 56. Nous esperons que d'autres Membres de l'Orga- nisation des Nations Unies etudieront la possibilite d'aider le Congo,bilateralement ou multilateralement. Nous pensons aussi que le Congo repherchera l'appui moral et materiel des Nations Unies. NOlle pouvons assurer le Congo aUjourd'hui qu'en ce qui nous con- cerne il peut compter sur notre sympathie et nos

Another day of the calendar became designated as a national day when, on 30 June, the independent state which is today applying for membership in the United Nations as the Republic of the Congo came intobeing. We have heard this afternoon-especially from the representa- tive of Belgium-an informative account of the past and of the outlook for the future of this new state. 61. I am happy to have an occasion in this forum, on behalf of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, to wish the Congo well on its accession to independence. President Kasavubu and the Prime Minister, Mr. Lumumba, of course are already aware of the warm sympathies of the British people for the Congolese people. The United Kingdom Government recognized the new State immediately it became in- dependent, and is appointing an ambassador charged with working for the friendly evolution of its relations with the new state. Her Majesty sent a member of the House of Lords, and Minister without Portfolio, Lord Dundee, as her special ambassador to the independence celebrations. 62. The Congo is endowed by nature with an excep- tional abundance of economic resources. This latent wealth has been progressively realized, with the able and skilled assistance of Belgium. Financial invest- ment and technical knowledge have revealedthe riches of the soil and helped to bring themto world markets, to the benefit of all. It will no doubt be a prime con- cern of the Government of the new state to assure the continuing development of these resources. In a world whose general well-being is so closely bound up with the economic and social well-being of each Member, there will be international interest in assur- .lng their success. The Congo can, I am sure, rely on the support of this Organization and of its individual Members. In this connexion, I was particularly.happy 61. Je suis heureux de l'occasion qui m'est donnee it cette tribune d'adresser, au nom du Gouvernement de Sa Majeste, mes vceux au Congo au moment m) i1 vient d'acct;der il. l'indt;pendance. Le prt;sident Kasa- vubu et M. Lumumba connaissent dejil. la sympathie chaleureuse du peuple britannique it l'egard des Con- golais. Le Gouvernement du Royaume-Uni a reconnu le nouvel Etat d~s son accession il.l'independance, et nomme un ambassadeur qui veillera a. l'~volution amicale de ses relations avec le nouvel Etat. Sa Majeste a envoye lord Dundee, membre de laChambre des lords et ministre sans portefeuille., pour la representer en quaJite d'ambassadeur extraordinaire lors des ceremonies de l'independance. 62. La nature a dote le Congo de ressources econo- miques exceptionnellement abondantes. Ce riche po- tentiel a ete progressivement exploite avec l'aide competente' et experimentee de la Belgique. Investis- sements financiers et connaissances techniques ont permis de mettre il. jour les richesses du sol et leur ont ouvert les marches mondiaux, pour le benefice de tous. n n'est pas douteux que le premier souci du gouvp.rnement du nouvel Etat sera de faire que la mise en valeur de ces ressources ne s'arretepas. La communaute internationale aura, elle aussi, inter8t il. assurer le succ~sde cette entreprise, dans un monde dont le bien-@tre general depend si etroitement de la prosperite economique et sociale de chacun des pays qui le composent. Le Congopeut,j'ensuis sth-, compter 60. Sir Pierson DIXON (Royaume-Uni) [traduit de l'anglais]: Le calendrier compte maintenant une autre f@te nationale, le 30 juin, jour on. le pays qui nous soumet aujourd'hui sadeIll8nde d'admission estdevenu independant sous le nom de Republique du Congo. Nous avons entendu cet apr~s-midi des expost;s instructifs - notamment celui du representant de la Belgique - sur le passe et les perspectives d'avenir de ce nouvel Etat. 63. The political evolution of Africa is among the most significant developments of the contemporary world and one which will have profound consequences for us all in the future. 64. The United Kingdom Government recognizes the wisdom which the Belgian authorities and the leaders of the Congo have shown in adjusting their policies and relationships to the pace of change in Africa. The difficulties and complications inevitably involved in this rapid adjustment need not make us pessimistic about the future of the new republic. I am sure that its leaders will devote all their wisdom and energy to the creation of a stable basis for the development of the country's great natural wealth in the best interests of all its people and as an important asset for its independent life as a member of the community of nations. 65. The independence whichthe new state has achieved and the membership in this Organization to which it can confidently look forward will, I am sure, be an added encouragement. The warmth of the welcome accorded by this Council to each new applicant is not determined in any way by the size, either in area or in population, or by the wealth of the candidate. The principle on which the United Nations is founded is that each sovereign state ranks equallywith all others. The important question for us is whether an applicant will undertake the responsibilities and adhere to the principles of the Organization. 66. On behalf of over 12 millionpersons, the Govern- ment of the Congo has stated its readiness to subs'cribe to these principles and to assume these responsibili- ties. We all, I know, welcome this statement whole- heartedly. The Congo will, I am confident, make a significant contribution here as a Member,ofthe United Nations. 67. The representative of France has drawn attention to a problem concerning the name of the proposed new Member. I hope that this problem willbe resolved before the fifteenth session of the General Assembly by agreement between the parties immediately con- cerned, Meanwhile, I quite agree that the Security Council should, in communicating its resolution to the Assembly, make clear that we members are aware of this problem and that we intend that our recom- mendation for the admission of the Republic of the Congo to memberShip shall remainvalidnotwithstand- ing any change of name which the authorities of this state may eventually decide to adopt. 68. In supporting the draft resolution placed before us by the representative of Tunisia, I can, therefore, assure the Government of the Republic of the Congo of the sincere congratulations of my Government and, I am sure, of this Organization as a whole. We look forward to a most fruitful co-operationwiththe repre- sentatives of the Republic of the Congo when they arrive here. 63. L'evolution politique de l'Afrique est un des plus import3l1ts evenements du monde contemporain, et ses consequences sur notre avenir a tous seront profondes. 64. Le Gouvernement du Royaume-Uni reconnait la sagesse avec laquelle les autorites beIges et les dirigeants congolais ont su adapter leur politique et leurs rapPorts au rythme de 1'evolution africaine. Les difficultes et les complications - inevitables au cours d'une adaption aussi rapide - ne devraient pas nous faire mal augurer de I'avenir de la nouvelle republique. Je suis stir que ses dirigeants consacre- ront toute leur sagesse et leur energie 11 assurer, dans 1'interet de toute la population, des bases stables a la mise en valeur des grandes richesses naturelles du pays, qui doivent puissamment aider le Congo dans sa vie independante de membre de la communaute des nations. 65. I:.'independance a laquelle le nouvel Etat est parvenu et son entree dans notre organisation, qu'il peut esperer avec confiance, seront, j'en suis stir, un encouragement de plus. La chaleur de I'accueil que notre conseil fait a chaque nouvelle demande ne depend aucunement des dimensions du nouvel Etat, du nombre de ses habitants, ou de sa richesse. Le principe fondamental des Nations Unies est que tous les Etats souverains sont egaux entre eux. Et ce qui nous interesse est de savoir si le candidat assumera les responsabilites que nous assigne la Charte et souscrira aux principes de 1'Organisation. 66. Au nom de ses 12 millions d'habitants, le Gouvernement de la Republique du Congo s'est de- clare pret a souscrire aces principes et a assumer ces responsabilites. Crest de grand creur que nous saluons tous cette declaration. Le Congo, j'en suis stir, nous sera d'une aide precieuse comme Membre de 1'Organisation des Nations Unies. 67. Le representant de la France a attire notre attention sur un probl~me relatif au nom du nouvel Etat. J'esp~re que ce probl~me sera resolu avant la quinzi~me session de l'Assemblee generale, par accord entre les parties directement interessees. Je conviens volontiers .qu'en attendant le Conseil de securite devrait, en communiquant sa resolution a l'Assemblee generale, indiquer que nous sommes au courant de ce probl~me et que nous entendons que notre recommandation d'admettre la Republique du Congo a 1'0rganisation des Nations Unies reste valable quel que soit le nom que les autorites de cet Etat pourraient ulterieurement decider d'adopter. 68. En appuyant le projet de resolution que nous a soumis le representant de la Tunisie, je tiens a assurer le Gouvernement de la Republique du Congo des sinc~res felicitations de mon gouvernement et, j'en suis gfu', de celles de notre organisation tout enti~re. Nous nous rejouissons a l'avance d'une collaboration aussi feconde que possible avec les representants de la Republique du Congo, d~s leur arrivee a New York. 70. The Congo's attainment of independent statehood is an important milest'one in the political evolution of Africa and at the same time a major victory for the national liberation movement. As the Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo, Mr. Lumumba, has quite rightly stated, this victory was made possible largely as a result of the Congolese people's determination to end the humiliating oppression of human beings solely because they are negroes. In their fight for independence, the Congolese people succeededinover- coming the fierce resistance of the colonial authori- ties, who had takenharsh repressive measures against them in an attempt to stem the irresistible tide of the peopl~'s movement. The Congolese struggle for na- tional liberation demanded many sacrifices, but these were not made in vai'll. Liberty was won, and we are now witnessing the heginning of a new chapter in the history of the Congol,ese people. 71. The birth of an independent Congo represents another powerful blow to the rapidly crumbling system of colonialism and the end of the colonialist myth of the Congo as a "model colony". The whirlwind of the movement for national liberation has demolished this myth like a house of cards and revealed the so-called model C\1'der to be the usual system of colonial ex- ploitation, inequality and racial discrimination. 72. In acquiring independent statehood, the Congolese people are taking the fate of their land into their own hands and thereby creating the necessary conditions for the economic, social, political and cultural devel- opment of the new state, which is one of the largest and most richly endowed of Africa. The bountiful gifts of nature which lie beneath the Congolese soil c"n now be used, not to enrich a handful of foreign monopo- lists, but for the direct benefit ofthe country's 13 mil- lion people as they themselves think best. 73. The victory of the Congolese people has found a sympathetic response in the hearts of the peoples of the Soviet Union, who support the African peoples in their just struggle against colonialism for liberty and independence. 74. The Soviet Government, applying the lofty prin- ciples of equality and self-determination of peoples On which the policies of the Soviet State are based, and imbued with a sense of profound respect for the legitimate national aspirations of the Congolese peo- ple, formally announced on 29 June 1960, on the eve of the proclamation of the Congo's independence, its recognition of the Republic of the Congo as an in- dependent State and its readiness to establish diplo- matic relations with it. We are gratified that a Soviet Government delegation, headed by Mr. N. Rakhmatov, Vice-President of the Presidiumofthe Supreme Soviet of the USSR, participated in the celebrations which took place at Leopoldville in connexionwiththe procla- mation of the Congo's independence. 70. La conquete par le Congo de 1'independance na- tionale fait date dans l'eTolution politique de l'Afrique et marque Ul! grand succ~s du mouvement de libera- tion nationale. Comme l'a fait remarquer A juste titre M. Lumumba, premier ministre de laRepublique du Congo, ce succ~s est dil avant tout a. la volonte hien arretee du peuple congolais de mettre fin a. l'oppression honteuse dont certains etres humains souffrent uniquement du fait qu'ils sont noirs. Dans sa marche vers l'independance, le peuple congolais a su surmonter la resistance acharnee des autorites coloniales qui le soumettaient a. de crueHes mesures de repression et cherchaient a. arreter un mouvement populaire irresistible. La lutte des Congolais pour la liberation nationale a exige un grand nombre de sacri- fices, mais ces sacrifices n'ont pas ete vains: la liberte a ete conquise et nous sommes temoins, aUjourd'hui, de l'inauguration d'une nouveHe ~re dans 1'histoire du peuple congolais. 71. La naissance d'un Congo independant porte un nouveau grand coup au systeme colonialiste qui se trouve a la veille d'un ecroulement total et 11 detruit le mythe de la "colonie mod~le" qu'ont crea les colonisateurs du Congo. L'ouragan de la lutte de liberation nationale a dissipe ce mythe comme un cha- teau de cartes et on a pu constater que les pretendues pratiques modeles n'etaient en fait rien d'autre que le regime habituel d'exploitation coloniale caracterise par 1'inegalite et la discrimination raciale. 72. En obtenant 1'independance nationale, le peuple congolais prend en main la destinee de sa patrie. Ainsi se creent les conditions necessaires au deve- loppement economique, social, politique et culturel du nouvel Etat, l'un des Etats d'Afrique les plus vastes et les plus riches en .ressources naturelles. Maintenant les dons genereux de la nature que rec~le la terre congolaise pourront ~tre utilises directement au profit des 13 millions d'habitants de ce pays de la mani~re dont 11 l'entendra lui-meme, et ils ne ser- viront plus A enrichir une poignee de monopolisateurs etrangers. '-,. La victoire du peuple congolais suscite la sym- pathie chaleureuse des peuples de 1'Union sovietique, qui soutiennent les peuples africains dans leur lutte legitime contre le colonialisme, pour la liberte et 1'independance. 74. Toujours fidMe aux grands principes de l'egalite et de la libre determination des peuples, qui sont A la base de la politique de l'Etat sovietique, et anime d'~ profond respect a l'egard des aspirations natio- nales legitimes du peuple congolais, le Gouvernement soYietique a annonce solennellement le 29 juin 1960, A la veille de la proclamation de 1'independance du Congo, qu'il reconnaissait la Republique du Congo comme Etat independant et qu'u etait pret a etablir avec ce pays des relations diplomatiques. Nous notons avec satisfaction qu'une delegation officielle soYietique dirigee par M. N. Rakhmatov, Yice- president du Soviet supreme de 1'URSS, a pris part aux ceremonies qui ont marque a. LeopoldYiHe la proclamation de l'independance du Congo. 76. We have no doubt that the Republic of the Congo will make a worthy contribution to the work of the United Nations in the promotion ofco-operation among states and in the maintenance of international peace and security. 77. I should like to take this opportunity againto wish the Government and the freedom-loving people of the Congo every success in the political, economic and cultural development of their country.

There could be no better or more representative example of the radical political change that is taking place on the Mrican continent, which we have the good fortune to be witnessing and to some extent participat- ing in, than the recent independence of the Republic of the Congo whose application for admissionto mem- bership in the United Nations is before the Council today. 79. Barely a year ago the Congo seemed to be facing a long period of political development to whichit would have been foolhardy to set a final date. However, as a consequence of the constructive and generous policy of the Belgian Government and the Congolese people's determination and desire for immediate self-deter- mination, independence has now been achieved and the Republic of the Congo is already in a position to assume all the rights and responsibilities of a Member of the United Nations. 80. We welcome the early appearance of the new state before the United Nations, because of our firm belief, which is part of our national heritage, that the exercise of independence is an innate abilityforwhich instruction and practice are unnecessary. 81. The United Nations, in admitting a State to mem- bership, expresses its faith in that country's ability to satisfy the conditions laid down inthe Charter. This is an honour and a grave responsibility which we all share and prize. The Argentine delegation is certain that the Republic of the Congo meets all these condi- tions, and it has complete confidence inthe ability and idealism of the leaders whom the Congolese people have elected to work for its national objectives and to carry out its international obligations. 82. For these reasons we shall vote in favour of the draft resolution recommending to the General As- sembly that the Republic of the Congo be admitted to membership in the United Nations, submitted by the Tunisian delegation as the championinthis Council of the welcome process ofevolutionthat is taking place in Mrica. ' 83. On this occasion we wish to congratulatethe Bel- gian Government on its positive accomplishments in the vast territory of the Congo and on its important 76. Nous ne doutons pas que la Republique du Congo ne contribue efficacement aux travaux de 1'Organi- sation, qui ont pour but de developper la cooperation entre les Etats et de maintenir la paix et la securite internationales. 77. Je saisis cette occasion pour souhaiter une fois de plus au Gouvernement du Congo et au peuple con- golais epris de liberte de grands succ~s dans l'Mifi- cation politique, economique et culturelle de leur pays. 78. M. QUIJANO (Argentine) [traduit de l'espagnol]: Nous ne saurions trouver d'exemple qui illustre mieux le changement politique radical qui se produit sur le continent africain - dont nous avons la chance d'~tre les temoins et, en un certain sens,' les acteurs - que la recente independance de la Republique du Congo dont nous examinons actuellement la demande d'ad- mission a l'Organisation des Nations Unies. 79. En fait, voici un an a peine, l'avenir politique du Congo semblait dependre d'un long processus dont il aurait ete risque de fixer le terme. Mais, grllce a la politique constructive et genereuse du Gouverne- ment beIge ainsi qu'~ la ferme determination et a l'aspiration de peuple congolais al'autodetermination, cette independance est aUjourd'hui un fait acquis et la Republique du Congo est deja a meme d'exercer tous les droits et d'assumertoutesles responsabilites qui s'attachent a la qualite de Membre de 1'0rgani- sation internationale. 80. Nous noUB rejouissons que le nouvel Etat pre- sente si t~t sa d~mande d'admission a 1'0rganisation des Nations Unies parce que nous sommes convaincus, et cela fait partie de notre heritage national, que les peuples ont le sens inne de 1'exercice de 1'indepen~ dance et n'ont besoin pour cela ni d'enseignement ni d'experience pratique. 81. Lorsqu'elle admet un nouvel Etat, l'Organisation des Nations Unies a foi en 1'aptitude de ce pays a remplir les conditions prescrites par laCharte. C'est un honneur et une grande responsabilite' que nous partageons et apprecions tous. La delegation de l'Ar- gentine est convaincue que la Republique du Congo remplit toutes les conditions requises et elIe a pleinement confiance dans la competence et le devoue- ment des dirigeants que le peuple congolais a elus pour atteindre ses objectifs nationaux et s'acquitter de ses responsabilites internationales. 82. Telles sont les raisons pour lesquelIes nous vote- rons en faveur du projet de resolution presente par la delegation tunisienne, qui s'est faite au Conseille paladin de 1'heureuse evolution qui se produit en Afrique, projet qUi tend ~ recommander ~l'Assemblee generale l'admission de la Republique du Congo ~ l'Organisation des Nations Unies. 83. Nous tenons, en cette occasion, a feliciter le Gouvernement beIge de l'action positive qu'il amenee dans le vaste territoire du Congo et de l'impor-

Once more this Ccuncil is called together to discuss the applicationfor admission to the United Nations of a new state from the African continent. This affords my delegation a happy oppor- tunity to state that we support the admission of the Republic of the Congo into our family of nations. 85. The reasons for such support are self-evident. The Republic of the Congo emerges as an important African State, free and independent, and now starh its march forward. The transition from the status of a dependent territory to that ofan independent Republic implies problems which cannot be solved overnight. The Congolese people have taken their destiny into their own hands and are now ready to cope with the growing demands of our time. The admission of the Republic of the Congo to the United Nations can be of great assistance in accelerating and widening such a long-range plan. Toframe its ownlife withinthe United Nations will undoubtedly mean for the Republic of the Congo a constructive and fruitful intensification of its relationship with the rest of the world. This fact can also have a good effect on ~he solution of so many questions-political, educational, economic and tech- nical-that the Congolese people andtheir Government are now facing. 86. The admission of the Republic of the Congo to the United Nations will therefore prove useful forthat country as well as for our Organization. We support the draft resolution introduced today by the repre- sentative of Tunisia not only with a great spirit of friendship for the Congo and offirm hope for the whole African continent, but also in the belief that the ad- mission of the Congo among us as a free and peace- loving state will help the Republic to cope with its problems. The Republic of the Congo, by joining the United Nations, accepts so to speak not only the legal obligations laid down in the Charter but the moral principles, the practical guidance, preva1l1ng in our community of nations. The United Nations for its part, by welcoming a sister country into its midst, under- takes in the present circumstances a step which is not and should not be purely formal but is, on the contrary, substantiated by an awareness of all the elements reqUired in a time of change, in a time of rebirth, in a time of social and economic evolution. It is a time of great hopes and also of momentous events, to which we have seen the United Nations and the Secretariat already directing their attention with a sense of concrete co-operation. Our delegation sees the admission of the Congo into the United Nations not only as a propitious fact in itself, but as one more step in the consolidation of the awakening ofthe whole 84. M. ORTONA (Italie) [traduit de l'anglais]: Une fois de plus, le Conseil de securite est reuni pour examiner la demande d'admission d'un nouvel Etat du continent africain. Cela donne a. ma delegation 1'heureuse occasion de declarer que nous appuyons 1'entree de la Republique du Congo dans notre famille des nations. 85. Les raisons de cet appui sont manifestes. La Republique du Congo apparail: comme un grand Etat africain, libre et independant, et fait maintenant ses premiers pas. Le passage du statut de territoire dependant it celui de republique independante soulllve des problllmes qui ne peuvent pas se resoudre du jour au lendemain. Le peuple congolais a assume lui-meme la direction de ses destinees, et il est pr@t maintenant h faire face aux exigences croissantes de notre epoque. L'admission de la Republique du Congo h l'Organisation des Nations Unies peutfaire beaucOllp pour accelerer et elargir ce programme de longue haleine. En inscrivant sa vie dans le cadre de l'Organisation, le Congo intensifiera sans aucundoute ses relations constructives etfructueuses avec le reste du monde. Cet evenement peut aussi influer heureuse- ment sur la solution de multiples questions politiques, culturelles, economiques et techniques qui se pre- sentent maintenant au peuple et au gouvernement con- golais, 86. L'admission de la Republique du Congo U'Orga- nisation des Nations Unies se revelera donc utile aussi bien pour ce pays que pour notre organisation. NOlls appuyons done le projet de resolution depose par le representant de la Tunisie, non seulementdans un esprit d'amitie pour le Congo et de ferme espoir pour le continent africain tout entier, mais aussi dans la conviction que l'entree du Congoparmi nous, comme Etat libre et pacifique,aideralaRepubliquehresoudre ses problllmes. En se joignant aux Nations Unies, la Republique du Congo accepte non seulement les obli- gations juridiques definies dans laCharte, mais aussi, pour ainsi dire, les principes moraux et les normes de conduite qui ont cours dans notre collectivite de nations. Pour sa part, 1'Organisation, en accueillant dans son sein une nation s03ur, prend dans les cir- cons. ,aces presentee une mesure qui n'est pas et ne devrait pas Otre purement formelle, mats que juatifie au contraire la conscience qu'elle a de tous les ele- ments qui sont necessaires pendant une periode de changement, de renaissance, d'eTolution sociale et economique. Nous· vivons une epoque de grands espoirs et aussi d'evenements importants, auxquels nous aTons dej~ TU les Nations Unies et le Secretariat prMer una attention directe, dans un esprit de cooperation con- crete. Notre delegation consid~re l'admission du Congo h l'Organisation des Nations Unies non saule- 88. Under Belgium's stewardship, the Congo has taken important steps in the economic field. Belgium has helped to change the whole economic, social and political picture of the Congo. I am sure that the Congolese people, in their rightful exultation at having achieved independence, cannot forget the invaluable contribution Belgium has made in fostering their de- velopment along the lines of a modern national com- munity. 89. Both parties must be commended. Both parties have done and can do a lot by continuing fruitful co-operation between themselves for the future im- provement of conditions in that part of Africa. 90. I have heard from the representative of France about the problem arising in connexion with the de- nomination of the new associated member ofthe French Community called the Republic of the Congo, while the new-born state which has now appliedfor member- ship in the United Nations is also called the Republic of the Congo. My delegation feels that the best way to resolve this question would be for the two countries concerned to get together and negotiate a settlement of the matter in a friendly way. We earnestly hope that in an atmosphere of co-operation this problem will find a solution and future difficulties will thereby be avoided. 91. In conclusion I would like to renew my delega- tion's support of the draft resolution recommending to the General Assembly the admissionofthe Republic of the Congo to the United Nations. I should also like to extend Italy's warm wishes for a peaceful and prosperous future to the new RepublIc.

In the not so dis- tant past we heard from certain quarters the opinion that it would take many years, if not decades, before the peoples of Africa would be ready for independent status. The flow of history, however, moves at a much more rapid pace than some people might wish; it is accelerated by new scientific discoveries and by the rapid development of the means of production. It seems, therefore, that there must be a much qUicker progress in the field of relations among States and nations which cannot be kept for long on the level of the nineteenth century. 93. One of the best examples of this progress, which brings inevitable changes in the political structure of the present world, is the colonial system's final dis- integration which we are witnessing today. No doubt there are forces which try to stop this progress, but sooner or later they will havetoyieldto the pressures which are mounting in Africa and elsewhere. 88. Sous la gestion de la Belgique, le Congo a fait de grands progr~s dans le domaine economique. La Belgique a aide a changer tout le tableau economique, social et politique du pays. Je suis sQr que le peuple congolais, dans son exultation legitime d'avoir accede a l'independance, ne peut pas oublier la contribution inappreciable que la Belgiql,le a apportee a son deve- loppement selon les normes d'une communaute natio- nale moderne. 89. Les deux parties sont a feliciter. Toutes deux ont fait et peuvent faire beaucoup, en continuant leur fructueuse cooperation, pour ameliorer la situation de cette region de l'.A..frique. 90. Le representant de la France nous a parle du probl~me que pose le nom du nouvel Etat qui demande maintenant a faire partie des Nations Unies, et qui porte le m~me nom que le nouveau membre associe de la Communaute franQaise: Republique du Congo. Ma delegation estime que le meilleur moyen de resoudre cette question serait que les dirigeants des deux pays interesses se reunissent et negocient un r~glement a l'amiable. Nous souhaitons de tout creur que ce probl~me trouve une solution dans une .atm06ph~re de cooperation et que les difficultes futures soient ainsi evitees. 91. En conclusion, je voudrais repeter que ma dele- gation appuie le projet de resolution auxtermes duquel le Conseil recommanderait a l'Assemblee generale d'admettre la Republique du Congo a l'Organisation des Nations Unies. Je voudrais aussi adresser Ala nouvelIe republique, de la part de 1'ltalie, le vreu chaleureux d'un avenir pacifique et prosp~re. 92. M. LEWANDOWSKI (Pologne) [traduit de l'an- glais): Iln'y a pas tr~s longtemps, certains milieux exprimaient l'opinion qu'il faudrait bien des annees, sinon des dizaines d'annees, avant que les peuples dJAfrique ne soient pr~s a l'independance. Mais 1'histoire se deroule a un rythme beaucoup plus rapide que certains ne le souhaiteraient: les nouvelIes decouvertes scientifiques et le developpement rapide des moyens de prod'.lction l'accel~rent encore. 11 semble donc que les relations entre Etate et nations doivent progresser beaucoup plus rapidement. et qu'elIes ne peuvent plus rester longtemps sur le m~me plan qu'au XIX~me !Ji~cle. 9S. L'un des exemples les plus marquants de ces progr~s, qui apportent inevitablementdes changements a la structure politique du monde actuel, est l'ecrou- lement d6finitif, auquel nous assistons aujourd'hui, du regime colonial. Sans doute certaines forces essaient d'arreter ce progr~s; mais elIes devront ceder tOt ou tard aux pressions qui s'exercent Qe plus en plus, en Afrique et ailIeurs. 95. The Republic of the Congo and its ambitious and able people now have at their disposal the vast riches and resources of their land, which they will be able to use for their own benefit. 96. We know from our own experience that the road leading to prosperity is a strenous one and demands many sacrifices. The new Republic, moreover, must contend with the efforts of those who would like to maintain their colonial influence, to divide its people and to add to the difficulties of the new State. But the freedom from colonial rule itself and the wisdom and perseverance of the people of the Congo in defending their newly gained liberty will undoubtedly strengthen their will to build a prosperous, free andpeace-loving State. 97. The Polish people have always supported the struggle of colonially dependent people for their in- dependence. Since the creation of the United Nations our Government has taken a firm stand against the colonialists and has supported all efforts for the lib- eration of the peoples living in a state of dependence. Today it gives us particular pleasure, therefore, to cast our vote for the admission of the Republic of the Congo to the United Nations and to welcome another new African State among us at the next session of the General Assembly. 98. On the occasion of the proclamationofthe Repub- lic of the Congo, the Chairman of the State Council and the Prime Minister of Poland senttheir congratu- lations to the Government and the people ofthe Congo. Permit me to take this opportunity to repeat these congratulations and to express our warm wishes to the Republic of the Congo for the unity and prosperity of its people, for the success of its Government, and for rapid progress in all fields of its independent life. 99. Mr. C. M. CHANG (China): My delegation is pleased to give its support to the applicationfor mem- bership in the UnitedNations submittedbythe Republic of the Congo, whose independence was proclaimed on 30 June 1960. On that joyous and historic occasion my Government sent a special envoy, His Excellency Ambassador Ching-ting Shen, to Leopoldville to par- ticipate in the celebrations. He had the happy mission of conveying the friendship and good wishes of the Chinese people and Government to the new Republic of the Congo. My Government looks forwards to es- tablishing regular diplomatic relations with that new Republic. 100. We are fortunate to live in an age in which one 100. NOlls avons la bonne fortune de vivre A une Mrican people after another has emerged from the epoque oft les peuples africains passent 1'un apr~s status of dependence to full sovereign statehood. I 1Iautre de la dependance Ala pleine sOUTerainete. J e apr~s eux une amertume comprehensible envers les mai'tres du pays. Au cours des evenements des derniers mois, le peuple congolais a remporte une victoire decisive, qui marque un tournant de l'histoire du pays. 95. La Republique du Congo et son peuple ambitieux et capable ont maintenant a leur disposition les vastes richesses et ressources de leur pays, dont 11s vont pouvoir se servir Aleur propre profit. 96... Notre experience nous apprend que le chemin de la prosperite est ardu et exige de nombreux sacri- fices. En outre, la nouvelle republique doit compter avec les ·efforts de ceux qui voudraient maintenir leur influence coloniale, diviser son peuple et ajouter aux difficultes du nouvel Etat. Mais le fait que le peuple congolais s'est libere du regime colonial, ainsi que la sagesse et la perseverance qu'il met a defendre sa liberte nouvellement obtenue, renforceront sans aucun doute sa volonte de construireunEtatprospere, libre et epris de paix. 97. Le peuple polonais a toujours encourage la lutte des peuples coloniaux pour leur independance. Depuis la creation de l'Orgmp.sation des Nations Unies,notre gouvernement s'est fermement oppose aux colonia- listes et a appuye tOllS les efforts qui nsaient a liberer les peuples dependants. n nous est done particuli~rement agreable aujourd'hui de voter pour l'admission de la RepubliqueduCongoal'Organisation des Nations Unies, comme il nOlls sera agreable, lors de la prochaine session del'AssembIeegenerale, d'accueillir parmi nOllS un nouvel Etatafricain. 98. A l'occasion de la proclamation de la R6publique du Congo, le President duConseild'Etatetle Premier Ministre de Pologne ont adresse leurs felicitations au gouvernement et au peuple du Congo. Qu'il me soit permis de reiterer ces felicitations et d'exprimer a la R6publique du Congo nos vceux chaleureux d'unite et de prosperite pour sa population, de succ~s pour son gouvernement, et de progres rapides clans tous les domaines de sa vie independante. 99. M. C. M. CHANG (Chine) [traduit de l'anglais]: Ma delegation est heureuse d'appuyer la demande d'admission de la Republique duCongo,quiaproclame son independance le 30 juin 1960. A l'occasion de cet evenement, aussi .heureux qu'historique, mon gouver- nement a delegue A Leopoldville un envoye special, S. E. Ching-ting Shen. ambassadeur de Chine, pour participer aux ceremonies. n avaitl'agreable mission de transmettre a la nOllvelle Republique du Congo les vceux d'amitie du peuple et du gouvernement chinois. Mon gouvet'nement s'apprMe a nOller avec le nOllvel Etat des relations diplomatiques regulieres. 102. Like all newly independent countries, the Congo 102. Comme tous les pays qui viennent d'obtenir leur is, of course, faced with many perplexing problems. independance, le Congo est evidemment aux prises It is fortunate that the Congo has leaders of outstand- avec beaucoup de probl~mes epineux. Heureusement, ing ability and experience. Under their guidance the 11 a des dirigeants tr~s competents et tr~s experi- problems now confronting the new nation will, I am mentes. Je suis persuade que, guidee par eux, la confident, be resolvedwithwisdom, vision and realism. nouveIle nation resoudra avec sagesse, ioaginationet realisme les probl~mes auxquels eIle fait face. 103. Situated at the heart of Africa, the Republic of 103. Situee au coour de l'Afrique, la Republique du the Congo has before it a bright and enviable future. Congo a devant eIle un avenirbrillantetdigne d'envie. It has a great role to play on that continent. Its mem- Elle est appelee ~ jouer un grand rale sur ce conti- bel'ship in the United Nations will give it the opportu- nent. Son appartenance ! l'Orgamsation des Nations nity to make constructive and significant contributions Unies lui offrira la possibilite de contribuer de fac;on to the wo~ld Organization. We offer, therefore, our constructive et notable! l'action de l'Organisation felicitations to the people and Government of the Re- mondiale. Nous adressons done nos felicitations au public of the Congo and we trust that they will enjoy peuple et au gouvernement de la RepublilIue du Congo prosperity and happiness in their new life offreedom. et nous sommes stlrs qu'ils connaftront prosperite et bonheur dans leur nouveIle vie independante. 104. In supporting the draft resolution submitted by 104. En appuyant le projet de resolution depose par the representative of Tunisia, my delegation wishes le representant de la Tunisie, ma delegation tient also to extend its congratulations to the Government r:assi ~ feliciter le gouvernement et le peuple beIges, and people of Belgium, who have made it possible for qui ont rendu possible l'accession du Congo! l'inde- the Congo to achieve freedom and independence. pendance. 105. Mr. WLJEGOONAWARDENA (Ceylon): The ap- 105. M. WIJEGOONAWARDENA (Ceylan) [traduit de plication of the Republic of the Congo for admission l'anglais): Le Conseil de s~curite est appele ~ exa- to the United Nations is before this Council for its miner la demande d'admission de la Republlque du consideration. The Ceylon delegation feels privileged Congo. La delegation ceylanaise est fi~re de partager once again to share the honour of recommending to une fois de plus 1'honneur de recommander ~ l'As- the General Assembly the admission of yet another semblee generale d'admettre ! l'Organisation des State from the continent of Africa for membership in Nations Unies un autre Etat du continentafricain.EIle the United Nations. It has great pleasure in supporting appuie avec grandplaisir le projetde resolutionsoumis the draft resolution submitted to this Council by the au Conseil par le representant de laTunisie. La dele- representative of Tunisia. The Ceylon delegation also gation ceylanaise saisit aussi cette occasionpour dire takes this opportunity to say how happy it is at the combien· eIle se felicite de 1'entree de la Republique entry ofthe Republic ofthe Congoto the United Nations du Congo dans l'Organisation, et eIle adresse au gou- and extends to the Government and the people of the vernement et au peuple congolais ses felicitations les Republic its warmest congratulations andbest wishes. plus chaleureuses et ses meiIleurs vreux. 106. While our attention is engaged inthis interesting 106. Puisque nOlls nous attachons actueIlement a. and important aspect of the entry of the Republic of cet important et interessant evenement: l'entree de the Congo to the United Nations, it also appears to be la Republique du Congo dans l'Organisation, il me timely to dwell a little-however briefly it may be- semble opportun d'insister un moment sur un des on an aspect of the significance of this event, to which traits qui rendent cet evenement important, un trait Belgium has made such a vital and generous contribu- auquel la Belgique a contribue d'une fac;on aussi tion. The Ceylon delegation acknowledges this con- genereuse qu'essentieIle. La delegation ceylanaise tribution with the warmest appreciation. The event in reconnaft; et apprecie au plus haut point cette contri- which we are participating today brings home to us bution. L'evenement auquel nous participons aUjour- -as Indeed _s!he presence slready In this Organl- 16 d'huI. de mOme que la prl\sence psrmI nous de tsnt . 107. There will indeed be years of persistent en- deavour ahead and years of solemn dedication to the cause of human progress before we enjoy the fruits of our labour. But these years, I have no hesitation in saying, will be worthy of our toil.

Be- fore calling on the next speaker onmy list, who wishes to make a further brief statement to the Council, I should like, as representative of ECUADOR, to say that I hav.e great pleasureinsupportingthe draft reso- lution recommending admission of the Republic of the Congo to membersIiip in the United Nations submitted by the Tunisian delegation. 109. As an independent state and a Member of the United Nations, the Republic of the Congo is destined to make an important contributiontothe cause of inter- national peace and co-operation. 110. The independence of the new Republic is a majoT landmark in the cause of African independence. As the representative of a nation situated in a continent which also rose from colonial status to independence, I can but say that my country is watching the African movement with deep sympathy; we have a sincerefeel- ing of solidarity with the African peoples in their struggle for better levels of living, and a real under- standing of the unavoidable periods of political and otb:lr difficulty which are a normal accompaniment of the advance towards independence in the initial stages before independence begins to operate normal- ly. I should like to express my sincere good wishes for the future of the Republic of the Congo and its people and the hope that a sense of mutual respect in domestic and international affairs will guide them along the paths of peace, under the fruitful r~gime of independence. 111. I also wish on this occasion to pay a tribute to the Belgian Government for the contribution it has made to the improvement of living conditions in the Congo and for the manner in which, with a sense of history and a vision of the future, it has facilitated the attainment of independence by the new state.

I have asked to speak for a second time in order to comment on a question raised by three previous speakers, the representatives of France, the United Kingdom and Italy, namely, the problem allegedly created as a result of the adop- tion by the newI; independent state of the name "The Republic of the Congo". I should like to explain the position of the Soviet delegation on this matter. 113. In our view, there is no problem before the Security Council. We believe that it is not for the Security Council or for any other United Nations body to foreordain or to recommend to a sovereign State 107. 11 faudra vraiment des annees d'efforts perse- verants et de devouement entier ~ la cause du progr~s de 1'humanite pour que nous jouissions des fruits de notre labeur. Mais je n'hesite pas ~ dire que ce labeur n'aura pas ete vain. 108. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'espagnol): Avant de donner la parole ll'orateur suiYant, qui souhaite intervenir bri~vementune seconde fois, je tiens ade- clarer, en maqualitede representant de l'EQUATEUR, que j'appuie avec une vive satisfaction le projet de resolution presente par la delegation tunisienne et qui tend a recommander l'admission de la Republique du Congo ~ l'Organisation des Nations Unies. 109. En tant qu'Etat independant et comme Membre de I'Organisation des Nations Unies, la Republique du Congo est appelee a apporter une contribution importante a la Cause de la paix et de la cooperation internationales. 110. L'independance de lanouvelle republique marque un progr~s majeur de la cause de l'independance africaine. Comme representant d'un peuple viyant sur un continent qui lui aussi est passe duregime colonial a l'independance, je dois declarer que mon pays observe ayec emotion l'eyolution de l'Afrique; l'Equa- teur se sent pleinementsolidairedes peuples africains qui luttent pour relever leur niyeau de 'Tie et il com- prend les crises politiques et autres qui accompagnent les debuts de 1'independance,avant ce que I'onpourrait appeler son fonctionnement normal. J e forme des vooux sinc~res pour l'ayenir de la Republique du Congo et de son peuple, et pour que le sens du res- pect mutuel, ~ l'interieur comme ~ l'exterieur, les fasse cheminer dans le sentier de la paix, sous le fecond regime de 1'independance. 111. Je tiens egalement, a cette occasion, a feliciter le Gouvernement beIge de la mani~re dont il a con- tribue a ameliorer les conditions humaines au Congo et d'ayoir facilite Paccession a l'independance du nouyel Etat par son sens de 1'histoire et sa vision de l'ayenir. 112.· M. SOBOLEV (Union des Republiques socia- llistes soYietiques) [traduit du russe]: J'interviensune seconde fois dans le debat parce que trois represen- tants qui ont pris la parole avant moi - ceux de la France, du Royaume-Uni et de l'Italie - voient un probl~me dans le fait que le nouyel Etat independant prend le nom de wRepublique du Congo". J e Youdrais preciser la position de la delegation sovietique sur ce point. 113. A notre avis, le Conseil desecuritenese trouve en presence d'aucun probl~me. NOllS estimons qu'il n'appartient ni au Conseil de securite nilaucun autre organe de PONU de prevoir quel sera le nom d'un 114. If the people of this country, if this State itself should consider that a change of name is necessary, the action we take today will in no way be affected.

My delegation has neverthought ofthe Security Council as a church in which new States are baptized. The remarks I made a few moments ago on behalf of my Government were intended merely to draw the Coun- cil's attention to the fact that there is a problem in regard to names, and to express the hope that the two parties concerned will settle the ma4:ter amicably and as soon as possible. 116. The vote to be takenthis afternoon inthe Council has nothing whatever to do with the question of pames and my delegation will t.herefore supportwithout reser- vation the draft resolution submitted by the Tunisian representative. 117. The PRESIDENT (translated from Spanish):Be- fore this draft resolution is put to the vote, I should like to refer to the remarks made by various Council members concerning a potential conflict between the name of the State whose admission is under considera- tion and the possible name of one of the neighbouring States whose application for admission may come before the Council before the fifteenth session of the General Assembly. 118. It is to be hoped that this potential problem will be settled before the opening of the fifteenth session of the General Assembly, which will have to vote on the Council's recommendations for admissionto mem- bership in the United Nations. 119. If the Council votea affirmatively on the ap- plication under consideration,it would merely be recommending the admission of the country to mem- bership. This should not be interpreted as precluding the settlement of the name problem freely through joint consultations between the two neighbouringcoun- tries, since any change in name resulting from such consultations would not invalidate the Council's de- cision. 120. My statement will appear In the record and will therefore be brought to the attention of the General Assembly. 121. I now put to the vote the draft resolution sub- mitted by the Tunisian delegation [S/4369]. Tribute to Sir Pierson Dixon, representative of the United Kingdom

Be- 122. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'espagnol): Avant fore adjourning this meeting, Ishouldlike to express to de leyer la seance, je tiens lI. exprimer au repre- the representative of the United Kingdom, Sir Pierson sentan~ du Royaume-Uni, sir Pierson Dixon, les Illxon. the regret of bls collesguss on the Couhcll at 18 sentiments qu'eprouvent ses coll~gues du Consell l ~j zi~me session de I'Assemblee generale. 118. n faut esperer que cettedifficulte eventuellesera reglee avant I'ouverture de la quinzi~mesession, car r Assemblee devra' se prononcersur les recommanda- tions que nous lui aurons presentees touchant l'ad- mission de nouveaux Membres. 119. 8'il vote aUjourd'hui de fac;on affirmative, c'est l'admission du pays qui la sollicite que recomman- dera le Conseil. Son vote ne devra done pas @tre interprete comme faisant obstacle lI. ce que la ques- tion de nom soit resolue librement par Yoie de con- sultations entre les deux pays voisins; en effet, si lI. la suite de ces consultations un changement de noms intervient, la decision du Conseil ne s'en trouvera pas infirmee. 120. Ma declaration figurera au compte rendu et sera par consequent portee lI. l'attention de l'Assem- bIee generale. 121. J'invite maintenant le Conseil lI. Yoter sur le projet de resolution presente par la Tunisie [S/4369]. Hommage Cl sir Pierson Dixon, representant du Royaume-Uni

Mr. President, I am mindful of the fact that you have spoken for the membership of the Security Council in commenting upon the service of Sir Pierson Dixon. I am mindful too of your desireto conclude this meet- ing of the Council before very long. I cannot, however, allow this occasion to pass without payingbrieftribute to the splendid contribution which Sir Pierson Dixon has made over the years to the work of the Security Council and the United Nations. He has been an ex- ceptionally competent and effective spokesman for his country's policies. His scholarly approach, his co-operative spirit, his calm clarity of thought and words, have helped immeasurably in the deliberations of this body. 124. I am sure that I speak for my colleague Ambas- sador Lodge and for all of us from the United states who have known and worked with him, when I thank Sir PiersQn Dixon for the many contributions he has made to the United Nations and the cause of world peace, and extend to him our warm wishes for every success in his new post. 124. Je suis certain de parler au nom de mon coll~­ gue, M. Lodge, et de tous mes coll~gues des Etats- Unis qui ont connu sir Pierson Dbwn et qui ont travaille avec lui, quandje le remercie des nombreuses contributions qu'il a apportees Al'reuvre del'Organi- sation des Nations Unies et A la cause de la paix mondiale, et, quand je lui adressenosvceuxchaleureux de succ~s complet dans ses nouvelles fonctions.

I should like to associate myself, Mr. President, with your remarks and those of the United states repre- sentative concerning Sir Pierson Dixon. 126. My delegation is in a rather special positionbe- cause while we regret Sir Pierson's departure, we are also happy to know that Sir Pierson will shortly be representing Her Majesty's GOveI"nm.ent in Paris. May I therefore convey to him bob (11./,1' "egret and our best wishes.

I am privi- leged, both on behalf of Sir Claude Corea and the Cey- Ion delegation, to say a few words on this occasion. Sir Pierson Dixon is well known to our delegation, both for his personal qualities and his leadership of the United Kingdom delegation, with which the Ceylon delegation has always had very close andfriendlyties, as such ties prevail among the members of the Com- monwealth. We shall certainly miss Sir Pierson's genial personality and his scholarly and able partici- pation is our deliberations. 127. M. WIJEGOONAWARDENA (Ceylan) [traduit de 1'anglais]: C'est pour moi un honneur de dire quelques mots en la presente occasion, au nom de sir Claude Corea et de la delegation ceylanaise. Sir Pierson Dixon est bien connu de notre delEigation, tant pour ses qualites personne.L1es que pour sa competence a la t~te de la delegation du Royaume-Uni, avec laquelle la delegation de Ceylan a toujours entretenu des relations tr~s etroites et tr~s amicales, celles qui unissent normalement les membres du Commonwealth. La sympathique personnalite de sir Pierson Dixon, ainsi que sa participation erudite et competente A nos discussions, nous manqueront certainement. 128. I should like to take this opportunity, on behalf of Sir Claude and the Ceylon delegation, to wish Sir Pierson all the very best in the many years of service he has ahead for his country. 128. Au nom de sir Clauu<v Corea et de la delegation ceylanaise, je saisis cette occasion pour exprimer A sir Pierson Dixon nos meilleurs vrel1X pour les nom- breuses annees qu'il continuera 1 consacrer an ser- vice de son pays. l'interpr~te de mes coil~gues en adressant tant en leur nom qu'au mien propre A sir Pierson Dixon nos meilleurs vreux de bonheur et de succ~s pour la mission tr~s importante que lui a confiee le Gouver- nement de Sa Majeste. 123. M. WILCOX (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) [traduit de l'anglais]: Monsieur le President, je n'oublie pas que vous parliez au nom des membres du Conseil en faisant l'eloge des services de sir Pierson Dixon. Je n'oublie pas non plus votre desir de ne pas prolonger cette seance. Mais je ne puis laisser passer cette occasion sans rendre un bref hommage Ala contri- bution magnifique que sir Pierson Dixon a apportee, au long des annees, aux travaux du Conseil de secu- rite et de I 'Organisation des Nations Unies. n a ete un porte-parole exceptionnellement competent et effi- cace de la politique de son pays. Son erudition, son esprit de cooperation, la caIme lucidite de sa pensee et de s.es paroles ont ete une aide inappreciable pour les deliberations du Conseil. 125. M. MILLET (France): Je voudrais m'associer, Monsieur le PreSident, A vos paroles ainsi qu'aux paroles qu'a prononcees le representant des Etats- Unis au sUjet de sir Pierson Dixon. 126. Ma delegation est dans une position un peu speciale, car a nos regrets de voir partir sir Pierson Dixon s 'ajoute le plaisir que nous avons de savoir que, dans quelque temps, sir Pierson Dixonvarepresenter le Gouvernement de Sa Majeste A Paris. Parmettez- moi par consequent de lui dire en m~me temps et nos regrets et tous nos vreux. 130. Sir Pierson, of course, is more than a diplomat; he is a talented novelist as well. I am sorry that Mr. Tsiang is not present today to payhis personal tribute to a distinguished colleague whom he admires so much. On behalf of my delegation, as well as on behalf of Mr. Tsiang, we wish Sir Pierson God-speed.

I wish, Mr. President, to associate my delegationwith the tribute you have just paid to our distinguished colleague and friend, Sir Pierson Dixon, who has been appointed to another post and whose co-operation we shall therefore no longer enjoy. I should like on this occasion to say how much my delegation has appre- ciated Sir Pierson Dixon's friendliness, tact andfore- sight during the four years Tunisiahasbeen a Member of the United Nations. 132. It is with pleasure that Iwishhimevery success in his new appointment. Much as we regret his de- parture, we are consoled by the thought that in the new post in which he will represent his country, he will continue to make an effective contribution to the cause of peace with justice and friendship for which we have watched him labour here inthe United Nations.

Mr. President, I thinkthat the ruling which was implicit in your words when you said that you were speaking on behalf of all of us has been challenged by so many speakers because of the great esteem, appreciation and affection which we all have for Sir Pierson Dixon. That is why I wish to add my voice to those of the other speakers in order to indicate our regret at seeing Sir Pierson leave us and to state how profoundly we enjoyed the association between my delegation and his delegation, andbetween himself and myself, in the course of the last months in which we have worked together. 134. Mr. QUIJANO (Argentina) (translatedfrom Span- ish): My delegation wishes to associate itself warmly with the expressions of esteem and good wishes on the occasion of the departure of our colleague from the United Kingdom, Sir Pierson Dixon~ On behalf of the Argentine delegation, may I express our regret at his departure and our best wishes to him in his new post. 135. Mr. SOBOLEV (Union of Soviet Socialist Re- 135. M. SOBOLEV (Union des Republiques socia- publics) (translated from Russian): It is difficult for listes sovietiques) [traduit du russe]: Monsieur le me to add anything to what the President has said in President, il est difficile d'ajouter quoi que ce soit expressing regret, on behalf of all members of the l ce que vous avez dit lorsque vous avez exprime, Security Council, at Sir Pierson Dixon's departure au nom de tOllS les membres du Conseil, le regret de from the Council. yoir partir sir Pierson Dixon. 136. I should nevertheless like to say on my own 136. Je voudrais dire personnellement que nous re- behalf that I sincerely regret that Sir Pierson is leav- grettons vivement que sir PiersonDixonquitte le Con- ing the Council, where he so brilliantly represented seil oil il a representesonpaysavectant d'eclat. Nous 20 coll~gue distingue qu'H admire tanto Au nom de ma delegation et de M. Tsiang je souhaite bonne chance ! sir Pierson Dixon. 131. M. SLIM (Tunisie): Je voudrais associer ma delegation! l'eloge que vous venez defaire,Monsieur le President, de notre distingue coll~gue et ami sir Pierson Dixon, de la collaboration duquel nous allons ~tre desormais prives, d'autres fonctions lui etant confiees par ailleurs. Vous me permettrez ! cette occasion de dire combien ma delegation a apprecie l'amabilite, le tact, la clairvoyance de sir Pierson Dixon pendant les quatre annees de notre presence a I'Organisation des Nations Unies. 132. Je me fals un plaisir de lui souhaiter bonne chance dans sa nouvelle mission. Quoique regrettant son depart, nous nous consolons tous pourtant ! l'idee que, I! oil il va ~tre designe pour representer son pays,' il apportera comme par le passe une con- tribution efficace ! la cause de la paix dans la justice et dans l'amitie, au service de laquelle nous l'avons vu reuvrer lcL 133. M. ORTONA (Italie) [traduit de l'anglais]: Mon- sieur le President, en declarant que vous parliez au nom de nous tous, vous nous dictiez implicitement notre obligation: mais beaucoup de mes coll~gues sont passes outre, tant sont grandes notre estime et notre affection pour sir Pierson Dixon. C'estpourquoi je tiens ! me joindre a eux pour exprimer notre regret de voir sir Pierson Dixon nous quitter, et pour dire combien ma delegation a ete heureuse d'~tre associee 1l la sienne et combien j'ai ete moi-m~me heureux d'Gtre associe a lui au cours des derniers mois de nos travaux communs. 134. M. QUIJANO (Argentine) [traduit de l'espagnol]: La delegation de l'Argentine tient a s'associer sans reserve! l'eloge quiYient d'~tre fait de notre coll~gue, sir Pierson Dixon, et aux souhaits qui lui ont ete exprimes. La delegation de I'Argentine regrette son depart et lui adresse ses meilleurs vreux pour sa nouvelle mission.

I have asked for the floor as the last speaker mainly because it seems to me that I am the YO\}I1gest member around this ta- ble, at least as far as time in office is concerned. I have not had the privilege of being onthe Council with Sir Pierson Dixon for very long, at least not as long as some of my colleagues, and it would really be very difficult for me to add anything to what was so bril- liantly and so eloquently said bythe President when he expressed the regret we all feel because Sir Pierson Dixon is leaving for a new post in Europe. However I would like to say thatIand, I am sure; my predeces- sor Mr. Michalowski, wish to be associated -with the words of regret addressed to Sir Pierson Dixon and express our warmest wishes for his success in his new post. 138. Sir Pierson DrxON (UnitedKingdom): I am really touched by the friendly and undeservedly generous references which you, Mr. President, and our other colleagues around this table, have made in connexion with my impending departure. I am happy to think that my performance here as the mouthpiece of my Govern- ment has met with general approval. The goodopinions of colleagues are valuable in any profession; they are especially precious in this Organization, where so much depends on mutual regard and common under- standing. I can assure my colleagues that the feeling is indeed mutual. After several years of work at the United Nations I leave it not only with a conviction- which reflects the conviction of my Government-of the vital service which the Organization is rendering to the cause ofpeace andharmonious relations between peoples, but also with the warmest feeling of respect and friendship towards the manycolleagues with whom I have been priviledged to work and towards the Secretary-General and his associates in the Secre- tariat. I shall be giving up this appointment with sen- timents of the most sincere regret and, inconclusion, I would like to express my good wishes to all my colleagues and my confidence in the future success of the United Nations. The meeting rose at 6.5 p.m. 137. M.LEWANDOWSKI (Pologne) [traduit de l'an- glais]: Si j'ai demande i\ prendre la parole le dernier, c'est surtout que je crois ~tre le plus jeune ici, du moins pour ce qui est de la du.,,:ee de mes services. Jen'ai pas eu l'avantage de collaborer pendant tr~s longtemps au Conseil avec sir Pierson Dixon, moins longtemps en tout cas que certains de mes coll~gues, et il me serait vraiment tr~s difficile d'ajouter quoi que ce soit i\ ce qu'a dit si brillamment et si elo- quemment le President quand il a exprime le regret que noue ressentons tous du depart de sir Pierson Dixon, qui va assumer de nouvelles fonctions en Europe. Je tiens pourtant i\ dire que moi-m@me, et, j'en suis stlr, mon prooecesseur M. Michalowski, souscrivons aux paroles de regret adressees i\ sir Pierson Dixon et lui adressons nos plus chaleureux vreux de succ~s dans sa nouvelle mission. 138. Sir Pierson DOWN (Royaume-Uni) [traduit de l'anglais]: Je suis touche en verite des paroles, ami- cales et genereuses i\ l'eJw~s, que le President et mes coll~gues ont prononcees au sujet de mon depart prochain. Je suis heureux de constater que la faQon dont je me suis acquitte de mon rOle de porte-parole de mon gouvernement a eu l'approbation generale. La bonne opinion des coll~gues est utile dans toute pro- fession; elle l'est tout particuli~rement dans notre organisation, oil. tant de choses dependent du respect mutuel et de la comprehension reciproque. J e puis assurer i\ mes coll~gues que leurs sentimentssont aussi les miens. Apr~splusieurs annees de service ici, je quitte l'Organisation non seulement avec la con- viction - qui refi~te celle -:le mon gouvernement - qu'elle sert de faQon vitale la cause de la paix et des relations harmonieuses entre les peuples, mais aussi avec les sentiments les plus sinc~res de respect et d'amitie envers les nombreux coll~gues avec lesquels j'ai eu l'avantage de travailler, et envers le Secretaire general et sea collaborateurs. Je quitte mon poste avec le plus sinc~re regret; je voudrais, pour conclure, exprimer mes bons TOOUX i\ tous mes coll~gues, et exprimer aussi ma con- fiance dans le succ~s futul" de l'Organisation des Nations Unies. La seance est levee a18 h 5. Orders and inquiries from countries where sales agents have not yet been appointed may be sent 10: Sale. and Circulation Section, United Nations, New Yorle, U.S.A.; or Sales Sed;on, United Nations Office, Polais des Nations, Geneva, Swit.cl'land. Litho in V.N. Price: $U.S. 0.35; 2/6 stg.; Sw. fr. 1.50 (or equivalent in other currencies) YUGOSLAVIA-YOUGOSLAVIE Cankarjeva Zalozba, Ljubliana, Slovenia. DrtQvnQ Preduzec'e, Jugoslovenska Kniiga, Terazlie 27/11, Beograd. Prosvjeta, 5, Trg Bratstva I Jedlnstva, Zagreb. 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