A/1/PV.21 General Assembly

The next item on our agenda is ti report of the Second Committee conCern@ qJ$&l& * + ~. ~_. ~~ “l’he General Asembly, at ita eleventh picnary meeting held on 17 Jamxuy 1946, referred to the Second Committee for consideration and report to the plenary meeting, the following draft résolution of the United Kingdom delegation conceming the United Nations Relief and RehAil&ioo2’a2~tration (UN-) (docu- . : 1. Thc second world war reduced a numberofcountriestoaconditionofsucheconomic and social disks that they are unablc by their own unaided efforts to undextak. thc immense labour of xatoration required 10 place thek peoplcs on the road to recovery. Without some measure of recovery these countrk arc unable to contribute to tbe achievement of ~wpb~&~~zh the United Nations has . 2. Foresseing this situation, no les than forty-four nation signed, in Washington on 9 November 1943, an agrcement cstablishing UNRRA and binding themselvea to extensive efforts and sacrift~ dcsigncd to bring relief and rehabilitation to thw regions where they were most needed, as soon as the progrcs of thewarperm&d.Furthcrnatim~~havcsince hsigntd. 3. In the past eighteen months UNRRA bas succeeded in a xmarkable degree in ,s*‘achieving this abject, having fumikd the fïrst example of constructive co-operatio~ under a lormal treaty engageme& of SO many of the United Nations. At an imprtzsively growing pace suppliea and firat-aid services have reached those areas most in need, many thou- “dg have ban saved from starvatio~ ami . ~ti~m~~~a&~~~~ 4. The cuhnimting stage, now beginning, in UNRRA’8 great work, i9 clearly the most &icaLTheta5koftheliberatingannieais dom, and ail those populations which necd UNRRA% heJp cari now be reached. In g~titcr volume than ever beforé supplies and suvkxsmustbeprovidedifthecsenthdaim \--~ is to be aured and if in turn the United Nations i9 to receivc the cffrxtive collaboration of countrie~ which, ravaged by the wat, ardaJtly desire tr, bWld P_-. YO&& ,, : i ~~_ 1. i; ,-.; -:<“-i_ The General kembly accordingly : (0) Urgea States signatory to the UNRRA Apanent with the least possible delay to caltribllte the fulther one per cent ~-~oftharnaklal~touNBBA>s”ulds __/. c 4sl -e their c~~&~tion~ to tbi~ great hu- ‘tarian task; (c) ir~~tructs the Secretary-General to =Le arrangements with tbz Director-Gen- & of UNRRA whcreby the General Assembly may be fumished with full periodic reports op thc work of UNRRA and OII the progrcss xnadt towuds CCOIUXI& RZOY~IY ~thecountriezsbeingas~istedby UNSLA. The Soviet delegation presented an alternative red& (document A/C.2/4). In chia redraft, the second sentence of the 6mt paragraph of tbe lJ&ed Kingdom resolution was omitted, as it waa considored by the Soviet delegation chat devated countries would iu ziny case do their bat to support the United Nations. Furthermore, thc Soviet delegation proposed a modifica~on to paragraph (a) of the United Kingdom rcsoludon, replacing the wor* %rgB States tignatory to the UNRRA Agreemen t’ by the words ‘urga States which were not occupied by the enemy auj &ned the UNRRA Agreement . . .’ The Soviet delegation pointed out that thés modificatien merely underliued an already a~wpted principle, &ce contibutions were in fact received only from countries which had not been occupied by the enemy. Finally, the Soviet delegation proptsed to substitute for the words peace-loving Statcs’ iu paragraph (b) of the United Ringdom r*hstion the words ‘United Nations. _ The delegate for the United States of America proposed that the last paragraph of the draft rcsolution of the United Kingdom be amended to read as follows (document A/C.2/5) : ‘The General Assembly, in view of the decision of the Council of UNRRA that the work of that organization shali be ended ir Eure by 31 December 1946 and in the Far East gc y March 1947, and hence impressed with the imperative UrgenCy of all action t0 fac&i& dite wprlr of UNRRA, . . _ : “_ (1) urgea . . .’ in addition, the delegate for the United Statca of Americii suggeated that ix3 paragraph 3 of the United Kingdom draft resolution the words ‘undef a formal treaty engagement’ be replaced 3y the words ‘un& a formal agrezmenh’ aincc -~IX organtatioa had been se! up by an agrt+ - +ent sud net a taity. Aft& coadting the delegatts for the- Uni& xingdom, the Unicm of Soviet SociaKst Repub lk.3 aûd Canada, the delegate for the Utited Statts of America propcsed the foliowing alternative draft resolution which was designed to Tm’cplisr the maximum support for UNRRA (doculRmtMC2/10): -=- - ‘Thc *n$it~ on. Ecymic aad Reconwret~ds: 1. That the General Assembly estab&h a committee: (a) to consult with States signatory to the UNRRA Agreement which have not made or arranged to make the fuxther contributions to UNRRA recommended in Council Resolution No. 80 of August 1945, and to urge upon them that they make such contributions with the least possible delay; and (b) to urge upon Members of the United Nations which are not signatories to the UNRRA Agreement to join that Organisation and thereby to make their contributions to this great humanitarian ta&. 2. That the SecretayGeneral se& to make arrangements with the Director-General of UNRRA whereby the General Aasembly .may be fumished with full reports on the work of UNRRA and on the progress made towards economic rehabilitation in the countries being ai&t@.&~ UNRRA.” After the introduction of the United States substitute resolution, the draft resolution of the United Kingdom (document uC.2/2) was withdrawn. Some delegations favoured the retention of the words ‘peace-loving States’ which figured in the original proposal of the United Ringdom, in order to enable such countries as Sweden, Switzerland and Portugal to contribute to the work of UNRRA. It was polnted out, however, that the United Statea resolution proposed to set up a committee of the General Assembly, and that it would be inappropriate for that committee to approach Govemments not Members of the United Nations. Moreover, it was emphasized that the UNRRA Agreement made it possible for other peace-loving Statcs te apply for menabership if they wished to do SO, Several delegations stresued the-heavy obliga- Isons and the present economic diflïculties of %heir c&mtries, which prevented them from guaranteeing that their Govemments would be able to make an additional contribution in line with the UNRRA Coud Resolution No. 80 (document A/C.2/12). However, it was empha- ~ ~ sized that the United States resoIution dld net fonnally obligate Govemments to make the con- L tribution requested; it merely a&ed that each c~~ib~te what it could. In this commxion, reference was made to section 4 of the UNRRA Cou&l Resolution No. 14 (document A/c.~/ 12), Stating ht the Council re.co&zcs ht there are ca~err in which the recommen&tion for a contribution approximately equiv&,m t0 fond hommage ZI l’œuvre admirable accomplie par I’UNRRA qui a tant contribut a all&r la misère dans les pays dévas&. résolution proposée par le Etats-Unis d’Arnéti- ’ que (documat A/CWlO) . visagée se composerait des six membres du Comité central de I’UNRRA, à savoir le Canada, la Chine, la France, l’Union des Républiques socialistes soviétiques, le Royaume-Uni et lea Etats-Unis d’Am&ique, ainsi que de la République Dominicaine et de ia Nouvelle-Zélande, pays fournissant une contribution, et de la Grèce, de la Pologne et de la Norv&ge, repr&entant les pays béné6ciaires. qu’il y aurait k faciliter l’ach&ement de l’œuvre de PUNRRA, on a propos& que la commission envisag& se mette au travail au& rapidement que possible. au nom de la De-e sembI& gém?rale adopte la résolution suivante: * trême urgence qu’il y a à prendre, aussi& que ]n the course of the disc*-.ssion, high tribute wa paid to the splendid work of UNRRA which hd clone so much to alleviate distr~ in the devastated countries. ‘I’he Committee adopted by acclamation the re&tion proposed by the United States of America (document A/C.2/10). It was then agreed that the proposed commime should cons& of the six members of the Centrai Committee of UNRRA, Canada, China, France, Union of Soviet Social& Republics, Uuited Kiugdom and the United States of America, together witb the Dominican Republic and New Zcaland as contributiug countries and Greece, Poland and Norway as representativea of beneficiary countries. It was suggated that in view of the urgent nec&ty of facilit&ing,the final stages of the work of UNRRA, the proposed committee begin its work as speedJy as possible. 1 have the honour therefore, on behalf of the Second Committee, to propose that the Gential Assembly adopt the following resolution : ‘The General Assembly, imprcssed with the imperative urgency that action to facilitate the final stages of the work of-UNRRA be taken at the ea&zst possible date in view of the understanding of the Council of UNRRA that the work of that organization wîU bc completed iu Europe by 31 December 1946, sud in the Far East by March 1947 : 1. Establishes a Committee, (a) to corJmlt with statw &natoly to the UNRRA Agreement whlch bave not made or arrauged to make the further contributions to UNRRA recommended in Coud Resolution No. 80 of August 1945,. and to urge upon them that thcy make such (mqriha+ns with +e least possible deJay; ~~ _._~ . . . .--Pologne, R&publique Dominicaine, Royaume- (b) to urge u~dn Membera of the zrr- United Nations which are not signator& to .I _ -?.he UNRRA Agreement to join tbat organ- +tion and thereby to mate their conttibu- ZKUIS to this great humanita&. 2. Appoints as mernbers of this committec . the representatives of the following countrics: ‘-hada, China, Dominican Republic, France, Grwx, New ZeaIand, Nonvay, Poland, Union -Of Soviet So&&t .Rtpublica, Znited IC.ing- (iom, United States 0f AmenCa, dinstr~cts 3. Instructs the Secretary-General to seek to make arrangemem with the Director-Genaal of UNRRA whereby thc General Assembly may be furnished wlth full reports on thc work of UNI&4 and on the progm There is always a time in life when we should t&e stock of what we have done and what we should do. At this time, if we t&e stock of what promises we have made to those people who are MW stak.tq or in dbtKS¶, who LUC SUffering the pangs of hunger and who have disease staring theminthefaceineveryhome,ifwetakestock of what is happening throughout the world, we must ask ourselves whether we have kept faith, whether we bave kept our Word to theae people. You must remember that UNRRA ‘started in the ,midst of this war, when forty-four nations in Washington assembled and signed the UNRRA Agreement under which they wexe supposed to docertainthings. “Thkn, during the war, you sent your planes ovu these war-stricken territoriea and y03 dropped pamphlets, you radioed and broadcast tothem,andyousaidtothem,“H~pustowin thc ,war.” You said, ‘Bum your factories, burn iour plants, burn yow railroads and everything -that you bave and help us to win the war.” And theydiditforyou.Nowitisuptoustokeepfaith ami do for thesepeople chat which we promieed them. J introduced the m-1 hate to use that “1, 1, 1,” but I did it4 introduced the &t resolutien in the Congress of the United States for UNRRA, and we appropriated our one per cent of $1,350,000,000, and when the next appropriation and authorization came through Congres the resolution that 1 introduced au* another appropriation for $1,350,000,000. * ;;: ‘%ut that is only money. WC want your moral support as well as &ancial support. We want every countly, evely Memher of the united -----IVations, ~to get behind thés thing. We mnst remember that we mut keep faith. Why, if you could only close your eyes ami look forward, you would sec the arms of millions of mothers outstretch4 outstretched and pleading with you to corne and help them You would sec the mothm holding babies in thûr arms; you would see~~cryingandcryiu formisery.They want you to keep fa&. +J=Y want you to St substitute tut came to our Committee, ht Second Committee, and WC have subsnitted a dous report. Of course, there is nothing bh&ng about it; there is nothing in it in regard @ v&kh you commit yod, except that you S;ve yonr sfippoti. And to those nations which bve not yet joined UNRRA, we say, “Corne in ad join us.” And those nations which have not paid up for one reason or another, we ask you to do8Q,ifyou- T%e last part of the re93lution suggests the appointment of a Committee of eleven. That Com- &ee is to try to put a lit& impetus, a little push, into this proposition, to stimulate U-4 for one of the noble& purposes in the world, and to have the Secretary-General kept informed Of the actions and doings of UNRRA. _. .>w MS et de tenir le Secrétaire général au courant de toute l’activid de I’UNKRA. monde sera ravagé par des épidkdes, des maladies et tout ce qu’elle3 entraînent. Si vous con- &rtz et cléMes voua apercevoir que ces sommes ne reprkentent _ que les frais de quelques jours de guerre C’est à peine croyable, Et pourtant, nous sommes oblig6a de supplier: “r‘iidez-nous, aida-nous) aidez-nous cela avant de temher, car je voudrais que vous nous aidiez une fois rent& chez vom. Je vimn demande de vous rappeler toujours l’image que je viens d’évoquer dc+yant vous, celle de ces pauvres malheureux hommes, femmes et enfants, qui ont tant fait pour nous aider à gagner cette guerre. Je vous demande de vous rappeler que Now you cannot have a world of peace and security when ~OU have epidesnics, when you bave disease ad everything that follows such things in this world. When you stop to think of all the mone-y that bas been appropriated to and spent on UNRRA up to &e prexnt thne, you realize that it amounta to only the cost of the prosecutien of the war for a few days. Just imagine that ; snd yet WC bave to corne, cap in hand, and say, “He& us, help us, he.lp ua” For whom? 1 want to Ieave you this parting Word, because, when you go back home, 1 want you please to help us. 1 want you to keep that pieure btfon you, alway~ in YOLU hearts, of the poor unfotiunate ‘kxn, women and childrtn who bave clone so much to help us wln this w,~, and to remember that we owe it to them and must hep faith; WC dl mt stop until we have done everything withh ourpower to sec that t.hese poor unfortu- Mte people get every aid that it is passible for men~givetheqItha+you. ,. I c’est leur do, qu’il faut que noua &O~S nos pronz3scs et que noua ne nous arr&ions pas avant d’avoir fait tout ce qui est en notre pouvoir pour assurer a ces inf&tun& toute ,Y+&+ humakme& possible. Merci repr6sen~~.&+la &p+que Freah) : 1 call upon ML ~astoriza, repreaenta. tive Of the Dominican Republic. ~‘Mr. ~~TCUUZA (DM&&% Republic) : Tk 0the.r day whm the proposai which is k#me IU ~8 being discuared in the Second Ckn.tite ML Sol Bloom said, in a mov.%g speech worthy Of fhe great and nobke nation.for which he was eg and tvorthy of the mari who wa~ ddh- WL!? $ thiit the qucstloo of ma&g efkctive the wnal cmtribüiion to UNRRA wti. ao=- w to ,$ pondered with the heart. = (Traduction la proposition qui est aujourd’hui devant vous a Lté discuti% au sein de la Deuxième M. SOI Bloom, dam un &nouvant discours, di@e de la grande et noble nation .iI prenait la parole, digue aussi de l’homme qui le prononçait, a dit que la proposition d’apporter B PUNRRA tme contribution additknekdcv@t &re étutie avez le cœur. puifxa de nouveau la proposition qui est maintenant soumk à l’dtude de l’Assemblée plénik. It if in this spirit that our delegation will again ador% the proposai under co&deration by thh @narY mCCting of the Asxmbly. Thk attitude u but téc &%&xy of. the action ta.ken by thr The dl of suffezing humanity cannot be met but with a p&onate will of self-denial and witb no other considcration than the fact that there 5 still much hunger and dixase and utter misery and destruction among our comrades of the United Nations who were sacrihced in our common cause qpinst Jte enemies of mankind. r. . . . . ,.. I_ . . . A--. The British Minister of State, Mr. Noel-Baker, has said time and again that UNRRA is no char- L ,ity and that we should approach it at least in a spirit of enhghtened self-interest. These words gather a great significanrx in our memories when we go back to the period immediately following the Iast world war when our population was seriously dçcimated by a mo,&epidemic reuuhmg from cor~3ions created by war in the Europeari theat”x In this fashion, every contrib:ltion to UNRRA is a contribution to the aafeguarding of the life and ytrength of any particular people. It is also in thiu sense of solidarity before a common danger and a common ri& that our Govemment bas lent its generous aid to UNRRA. But if we wexe to give any sig.xificance to the action taken by our Govemment in making thu~ available its additional contribution ta UNRR+, that which vie would wish to emphasize above all is that, by our heIp to UNRRA, we express an act of faith in the succtx~ of the United Nations and its forward march towards the achievement of ,pe$F CC _ w The PRESIDENT (Trkkztion l from the Fren ;h ) : 1 @upon I&. S&~repre&ntative of ..-.- :TwhY. ,< ‘- + c-sa Mr. SrG”‘(Turkey j (î’rakation jrom the !!!rewh) : It is with very great interezt that the Tu&& d+ation bas heard the report which bas just beeti presented to the General Assembkf by the Rapporteur of the Economie and Financial Committee with regard to UNRRA. We have hlso heard with deep emotion the appeal by the ddegate for the United St. les of America. The Turkish delegation fully recogniees the ~~~~$igh humanitarian value of tl& great work of _~~~Wematiotul Aidarity. Pber;ise iepoti and elo- “~~~$quent statements havc aIr.?&dy demonstrated the ~great effrderxy of UNRJAA and the importanrx. d,the ta& w.hich 3 ti bas to perform, That is wh’j thc Turkish delegatior!. wisha ta auociate * 5tself mo-: particularly with the resolution condained iz~ the report, urging t.le Mernhers of &e Uzited Nations which Bave net yet signed the. --+igreement setting up UNRRA to becomemern- ,gm of this ozganization. :Y As you kn~w, Turkc,; wnich up to now haa mm giVCn dl the ightanee in iifj power to some i>i ~th~ COU.&& ~hich needed euch z&tte ur- -* gently isnot yet a munher of UNRRA. Deair- _ Ag tu ihare in the worhf intcmahd uxp, _. : Thç PRESLDUNT (Tmddo~~ f~om the french) : 1 call upon Mr. Masaryk, representa- &e of CZeChaslOVakia. Mr. MASARYK ((hxhxdovakia) : 1 just want to say a word in support of the cloquent speeches which we have heard;espxially the ftne speech of my friend, Sol Bloom. Whenever 1 bave a chance to speak for UNRRA, 1 do 80. 1 bave ~II UNRRA in action. I bave seen cbildren of & witb tire expression of people of &y on their facea, chiidren who had forgotten how to smile, and whose mothem hardly ever stopped crying, and 1 bave seen UNRRA at the right mciment, at the last moment, hdp them and save them. In my co,untry, UNRRA bas saved ysrntigo ipidemic3 which were very rmmment - fore, 1 plead tbe cause of UNBILA. aux et plus partic&?rement prononc4 tout à l’heure devant vous mon ami Sol Bloom. Chaque fois que j’ai l’occasion de prendre la parole en faveur de .l’UNRRA, manque pas de le faire, car j’ai .vu I’UNRRA à l’œuvre. avaient des figures de vieillards de soixante arts, des enfants qui avaient oubli6 comment sourire et leurs méres qui ne cessaient prexpre pas de pleurer. L’UNles a sauvés au dernier moment. L’USRRA sauvé la TchCcoslovaquie du danger de deux épidémies gravir, @.ninentes. C’est pourquoi je plaide sa cause. enfants de six ans, qui avaient des figures de vieillards de soixante, auront grandi,, ils prendront que s’il8 ont éte sauv&i, c’est grâce A cette organisation et ?i la coopér#ion tionale. Croyez-moi, ce seront de bona soldats pour la cause que nous défendons. Quintana, repr&entant de l’Argentine. There if this one patting thought. T&e little children, these little boys and girls witb tbeir exprgsion of peoplc of sixty years, when they grow up into healthy citizens~ will be told that it was our international co-operation wbicb saved them, and they will be very kindly inclined towards and vesy fsithful to the cause of tbe United Nations. The PRESIDENT (Tra&~i~n front the Fretuh): 1 call lpon Mr. Moreno Quintana, reprezentative of Argentina. Mr. Moaeno QUWTANA (Argentina) (Trcrnslation from tire French) : ‘Il& is indeed an inspiring moment in the deliberations of this ASsunbly, when ail the delegationa present are about to caat their votes in favour of a proposai which is based on a deep fe&ng of hurnan &Aidany. Of ail the questions ‘with whicb the ASmbly of tbe United Nations bas 80 far de&, tyo have ver-y rightly claimed tire attention of the whole world: tire control of atomic eriergy 9 tbe proposai to mske UNRRA tire organnation which will go to the relief of the peoplci of the world who are starving sa a rcsult of the krrihlr: war.which-l.las bid w+Gmgy count.rit%. .,d_ a eu un moment Cmouvant dam les d&b&ationp de cette ~Asx.mbl&, c’est bien maintenant où tou%zs les déiégatiom ici présentes vont donner leur voix pour approuver une proposition ba& sur un profond sentiment de solidarit6 humaine. De toutes les questions qui ont CtC abordées jundp’k maintmant Unie3,ilyenadebuquiontAjustet.itreretenu l’attention 1’6nergie atomique et la propo5ition qui t,end à faire de PUNRRA des populations afIaméep du monde apr& cette terribl$ guerre qui a ravagC tant de pays. -2wd: grande attention les &lib&atiom Commission PUNI@& tannique qui fut par:la suite modi& proposition du d&gu15 des Etats-Unis, Blo0m, avec une Sollicitude toute particuIi&re, i= elle a d&larf?j au cours des &lib@&n~ Commission, que sauf des obaerrations de d&ail qui ne ~touchent p*+ au forul ~m&xf~~mrou-4+* ‘he ‘kgen&e delegation fol!r&i with keeu .aUemion the diacusaiom3 of t,he Setiti Comniittee on the question of UI%I&The British pro’ l)on& a~ ‘subsequently modificd by Mr. Sol -B* delegate for t& United St: % of Aurer- ’ k. WaS studkd with; u$e&l intenxt, and the Afgcntine delegation Mated, during the .Com- -‘a -ns, that, apart from eertsin Points of dctail which did not affect tbe eub- @~CC of the question, ft approved tbe ~proporlirl W@-~y. ~... _ ‘Tha coastal region of &gentina is well known; it is a prarperous district where grain crops of ah kinds grow and where life seems easy; but the iuterior of Argentina ia very Little known, and it8 popùtion bas suffercd through thc economic dislocation which, at the end of the la& cemury, changed the whole material structure of the -untry* A well-known French economist, M. Levandowski, said a few years ago: “Argentina, a real &rnational cotmtry, worka much more for foreign countrics tban for itself.” There is great trutbiRthat. Had we not been short of certain important raw guterials when we were contributiug towards the relief of coutries in need of mone- .lary aid, 1 ean asiurc you tbat ~gentinz help would have been on a much larger scale than it has been hitbto. At one time, after experiencing dl the eeonomic misfortunes of war, we - lacked the threc raw mater&& we needed, coal, dl and rubber; coal wa~ needcd for the railways, r>il and rubber for our motor tramport. Had ^ these materiah becn forthcoming at the right moment (they have not arrived even yet), Ar- .wb’5 CQntribution wdd ~i_.~&&_aa;@ JIlndLlargu sdc. : I;.--.-y..- -- -.ezlz~y~ I. .- -~ ~~ =-:- ,.1.- - ~. . / 3viy coumy is now eonsidering with great eare the queaion of jois:ng UNRRA. 1 bave aheady a --told thc Second tZ&ninittee, and I info& the Gcaeral Awimbly at the ‘txginning of its aex&n, ïhat ~geIItina would pk$ her part in tbe work which GIC Un&ed N&om ip&&rg. Thatpr&e willbck@. _II : ;-- ‘;,-;&jgj&$~~~ -~.‘~i~.~~~~~~~ -dz-< -+:.--z -=z _ ~~ ----- 1 hope that on 15 March next, when the : Couneil of UNRIU ho& ita four& meeting in -_ ~th United Statea of America, the deleg&ion of ~~~entinawillbethereto~partandtocarry out the tasfr which fab to it in thls r&ing work, in which emything po&le ie being &ne to al- Icviatc the wff=iqp of thc pplq +CJ BC th vich of tk war. ‘lb world bas to be Loked upon 88 a unit. Thc idea for which WC fought, for which WC made ~~~%ccs, for which our blood was shed, was the ides of tbc Unit& NaGMu. Today, the rehabilitatien of thc world, the figbt agai& social and physical dizase, is the conunon duty of the w$& wd&‘& B!?& Qf UNmx +&-t .- In the namc of Yugœila* 1 must express my gratitude for tht great work UNRRA bas dtane during the war, during the uiemy occupation, during thc fight, whcn we all kncw that all we werc dcstroying, all WC werc doing, would be a &&&+)l&@+m.&, ,f= ‘5. 1 know, 1 am ca&ced, and you fellow delemgak8 fmm happiez conn* you know tbat ti i8 net charity. Thc dc8txuction WC fdkred, thebloodweshcdwaspartofacouragcous hcmic fîght. :- j y~-+%& ~ c -; The PpasmtcNT (Translahn from tlw Freah) : 1 dl U~OII MS-. ??m, qwacntati~~ afNew Zcaland .~ ,...- * . àdr.Frusrnt (New7&): Itfsnotnecs- :sarY for me ~CI aay anything to cmphasize the rtrOag appd jl that wa8 ma& by Mr. Bloom and bY thc othcr apeakem. No dckgatc Could have -~~ -r.bed nnmovcd when ll&ning to thcm. Aa 1 frstencd to tk ddcgate for CMvakia, thc -fP~WC of tho8e children came up before my cy63 ~Iam~bcforcthccyaofauo~dJc .P”* 1 rire Ilot merely to rupport tht rcsolutio~ As ~~Yannounced,myowncountryh888aid ’ ,~~~ieprcparcdtodobut,aince~&lez&uculable (its delegatea have shown a little of what cari be given in this Asanbly and at other international conferences) that country is faced with a nation-wide famine, not the locahzed . Bengal faztk, but a nation-wide famine. Viewing the corditions in Europe and in other parts, in Asia, 1 thought 1 would rise just to say that, good as the resolution is, creditable as it wiB be to this Asseoubly and to the United Nation, 1 am afraid that it is net enough and will net be nearly enough. Our second contributions will not meet the situation; the need is urgent, pr&ly, t.mgicauy urgent. 1 think that an inquiry should be made into the situation, perhaps by the Britisb Minktry of Food-they probably will know the situation-ad, pehaps, before this Asiembly padjuurm, we may get the fac& or at ley;t a partial survey of the fate that threatens millions of people. This resolution will be psd immediately. Everybody is agreed aa to the great benefits already given to the desolated areas and to the starving people by UN.RI& But more iy required. 1 hope that ah delegations here will go back to their countries, and not wait until they arc back, but will send tables to their countries, to a& for .the second contribution forlhwith, subject, of course, to the consent of the respective Governments; but 1 am certain that no Government in the world will hcsitate, once the mal positiorr i8 imderstood, to respond to,tbe call. _ We, the free nations, combiid in the war. We were threatened with a terrible soul-dcstroylng tyranny, and we, the big ami little nations, the freedonl-loving natioIx3, got together and overthrew the tyranta Here is. another war, a war to ’ ‘save men, women and children We should have thc same organization, the same enthusiaam, and contributc in the same way to these new munitions of war, which means counteractig the tk@enedfamhleiamanypartsoftheworld. _~. ~‘.~- -. -~--I--~ 1 believe 1 am speaking for every delegate and for every nation represented bere, when 1 say that we shall be defeated unleau we defeat thfs threat of ~~ starvation, that our United Nations will not be truly united, unless we distribute thfs food to the world, salve the problems, estimate what food -there is, and endeavour to go asfar in the distribution of food as possible, org&&ig the transrt, r and doing ail the other m things. or would it not be a tragedy if there were food piledupinmanypartsoftheworldanditcculd me pRESII)XNT (Tratlddion from the Freah) : I call upon Mr. Stanczyk, representa- Gve of I’&.d Mr. STANCZYK (Poland) : I cannot fbrd words to express how deep is our gratitude for the splendid work which is going on in our unhappy ~0untt-y. 1 do not think it is an exaggeration to ay that my country bas suffered during thia war a tremendous and cruel occupation by the Germars The Germans have net only destroyed our citics and our towns, burned down thousands and thousands of villages, killed six million of our citizens, but we inherited thrce million people aiek and unable to work, people who survived tke concentration camps and focced labour camps. We iuherited one million of them whose friends were killed, and how could we fend and clothc thcse unhappy children if we were net getting help fromUNRR43 May 1 fmally express our gratitude to all the nations which have created UNRRA and are giving the meam to UNRRA for the splendid work which it is ioing in ah those devastated countries; 1 mention eapecially the United States of America, on whose behalf their representative, Sol Bloom, spoke such heartily encouraging words. We hope that we shall corne out of the rdns of this destruction; that we shah bring up our children and make of them good citizens, and if we do, it will be UNRRA we ahall have to thank for helping us to do this cha&able work. The hUMDENT (Translation from the French) : 1 call upon Mr. Noel-Bakcr, representative of the United Ringdom, Mr. NOEL-Btixn (United Kingdom) : 1 Count it a privilege to speak in this debate and 1 want to thank MI. Sol Bloom for saying that the United Ringdom deiegation had a good &a; he had a much better one, His substitute resolutien Setting up the Committee of the Assemt;iy- -33 which in a moment we are going to agree-to - =eure further contributions to the work of UNRRAw~~Imaysaysotohim,astrokecrf &F~~. -AI {’ _, ~- ;-.;zm-;t;~- ~._L y,.*-y ~_~_‘. -G-~ Y”-- _ --ai- 1 want to repeat some of the things 1 said in the Second Committee. 1 said there that, without the United Stat@ WC ahould hahad na UNRRA; -that is quite -~certain. Without UNRRA we should bave had in Europe a disaster this winter which no one cari imagine; and 1 want to say, toc,, that although United %.a.& Congrcsnmen rnay think tlmt foreignem do not berve what thés do, we Go know what Mr. Sol Bloom did to help the UNRRA appropriatiom :: throlr&h. Congra and to 5elp the world. Gw We &ave begun to leam since the war what calories mean; that you need 3,400 a day to keep you in full healtb and strength; that if you get down to 800 you are condemned to death; you may last on for afew months, but nothingbut a diet which is impossible in Europe now cari savc you from lingering torture and final de&. From 3,400 calories down to 800 is the posîble =w * Thwe are millions of peoplc in Europe today with a diet of 1,000 calories; there are 30 millions with a diet between 1,000 and 1,500; there are 34 millions more with a diet of 1,500 and just over; there are 75 millions more with a diet between 1,500 and 2,000; and 2,000 is the bare minimum to save you from d&ase and to enable you to do even a little light work. One hundred and thirty million people are faced with famine, 3ndwit.htheworstmontbsstilltoco++ . . .-.~ -.~ a. c-;m.~J;,-=- -=.~~~~~~-~ _ _-- -Y: - L ’ Why did the Govemmenta pledge tbemselvca to help when the war was over? The delegate for the Dominican Republic said that it waa not out of pity for the cruel miscty whicb the world knows today, and never was there auch cruel -misery as the women and clddren are su&ring -now; it waa not to reward the recipient nations for services rende& Only those who know the secrets of the war know how near we wexe to defeat, and how much tht re&mce of the martyred nations meant in saving the Allied cause. Itwa5nottoequalkthesacnficeaoftbewar. Onlythosewhoknowthefactafromi&lecun understand dat LU&&S are lnvolved in the sort of war ti;at Yugoslavia euffered for four years on her sd. Only those who werc on thc spot know what the campaign in t.he mountaim of Albania meant to Greece, in t& har& winter for fïfty yeam when the General St@ ? Wed&kwehadabadwarinticountry, ad four yeary ago around this place the bombs w* f&g. We havc thouSa+S of milboUS Of Pun~ to spend in reconstruction; but OU~ sacrifice W~S very light compared to those of the counhep wG& resisted the aggresors’ attack. It was net out of pity, it waa not to reward SeMw, it wm net to eJIpalh YaCnfices ht UNRRA waS set UP. It was to enable resisting countries to reb&l tieir shattied social and ecnnomic systcn& net for tbeir own sake only, but for tbe world. It was, as our Dominican collcague said: ‘%Alightened self-iutere&” to get them back into the mket,s of the world and to get th& goo& on to tbe.market SO that we could buy them. 1 { ;;‘ZIS .* UNRRA bas already brought to Europe four million tons of goo& Witb this second one ac~ ’ The I~U.SIDENT (Translation front the Beach) : 1 dl upbn Mr. Varvamsxrs, ,representative of Gree5e. Mr. VAmxnnssos (Greece) : As a representative of a counuy which was mcst cruelly hit by war and enemy occupation, 1 considered it my duty and my pr%lege to pay a warm tribute to UN % and its work in my country. I did so at th0 mrethg of the Second Committee. 1 gave the memberx of the Committee, and 1 give you, the amrame that the work of UNRRA iu my country 53 a complete success. 1 paid a just uibute to the UNRRA mission. 1 cari assure you that ail thcxe men and women who abandoned their jobs with the sole aim of helpi~g our children have discharged their duty with a WSID feeling and great sympathy for the .people, and in confonnity with the spirit of the UNRRA agmement. They bave mixed in tbe life of the. people, but they never interfered with thgahirsofthecountry. 1 am sure tbat, should the assistance to be given to our rxnunry be inadequate, tl.& would not be due to any lack of good will or generosity, but to thc immeluity of t.he d@tlUCtiOIl .aIld 9 thwa$nee.ds of ourpeople. 1 end this short statement with a renewed expr&on of gratitude for UNRRA. The PnzsmW (Trunrlation from the i;rench) : The general debate ii3 closed. If there are no further observations, 1 shah consider the resolution proposed by thc Second .Gommitte. as adopted. D&on: The resolution E~S adopted. 42. I,@dalWnn of tue Seuetary-General of the United Nations.. . . . . . . . . . 323 43. Eequtifg aubmitted by the World Fed- _.- --eration of Trade Unions: Report of the .General Committee . . . . . * . . . . 326 e. Rcconrit-çty-..Qf 42Q&mtkw