A/1/PV.55 General Assembly

Le PRESIDENT: Je n'ai plus d'orateurs inscrits Mr. HOFFHERR (France) (translated from French): The French delegation gives its full support to the resolution on foodstuffs. It considers that the principles set out in this text contain the essentials of a policy of international co-operation in the field of nutrition. My country is resolved to implement all the provisions of this text, and I feel I must emphasize that France is only temporarily dependent upon ~ssistance from abroad. M. HOFFHERR (France): La delegation franr;aise donne son entier appui a. la resolution sur les produits alimentaires. Elle estime que les principes enonces dans ce texte contiennent l'essentiel d'une politique de cooperation intemationale dans le domaine de l'alimentation. Mon pays est resolu a mettre en pratique toutes les prescriptions contenues dans ce texte, et je crois devoir souligner que la France n'est que temporairement tributaire d'une aide exterieure. ' Avant la guerre, cUe Se suffisait a elle-meme. La production agricole metropolitaine couvrait quatre-vingt-sept pour cent de la consommation franr;aise, et elle se· completait par des apports coloniaux dans la mesure de treize pour cent. Notre sol pourvoyait aux besoins de la population en bIe, en sucre, en pommes de terre, en legumes, en viande et en lait, alors que nos colonies nous approvisionnaient en matieres grasses. Les ressources nationales permettaient une aBmentation satisfaisante, qui variait entre 3.100 et 3.200 calories, mais une alimentation d'une diversite insuffisante, notamment en lait et en fruits. Or, chacun sait que le signe de l'Clcvation veritable du niveau de vie d'une population, ce n'est pas le volume de ses produits de consommation, mais beaucoup plus leur variete et leur diversification croissantes. Pendant la guerre, l'interruption des relations avec l'etranger, le manque d'agriculture, l'usure du materiel agricole et les prelevements faits par l'ennemi ont restreint dangereusement cette consommation qui, comme je l'ai dit, etait deja insuffisamment variee. En 1944, les disponibilites ne representaient plus que soixante-cinq pour cent de la consommation de la population avant la guerre. Nos rations ne depassaient pas une demi-livre de pain par jour, cinq grammes de matieres grasses par jour, et a peu prcs deux cents grammes de viande par mois. Meme apres la liberation, les attributions officielles ne depassaient pas, dans les villes, 1.200 calories, et le niveau reel de consommation demeurait in£erieur a2.000 calories. ees privations alimentaires ont eu des repercussions, et en auront encore longtemps, sous une forme apparente ou non, sur la physiologic de la France; et pour retrollver notre condition normale, nous avons besoin d'un regime alimentaire elargi. Mon pays prend donc acte, avec reconnaissance, des mesures prevues dans la resolution pour venir en aide aux peuples sous-alimentes. De son cote, il entend observer les prescriptions qui figurent dans ce texte afin de rcglemcnter la consommation et de brider la hausse des prix. 11 poursuit une politique qui limite severement, qualitativement et qU3ntitativement, l'usage des denrees. Deux .ailS apres .la guerre, le rationnement se poursUlt, un ratlOnnement qui s'efforce de prendre en c.onsidcration !es besoins. des categories econoIDlgues les rooms fortunees. Before the war France was self-supporting. Our agricultural products supplied eighty-seven per cent of the national consumption, and the remaining thirteen per cent was provided by imports from our colonies. Our own soil met the requirements of the population in wheat, sugar, potatoes, vegetables, meat and milk, while our colonies provided us with fats. Our national resources provided a satisfactory nutritional level which varied between 3,100 and 3,200 calories, but it was always an insufficiently varied diet, particularly with regard to milk and fruit. We all know, however, that the sign of a true rise in the standard of living of the population is not the volume of its consumer products, but much more their increasing variety and diversification. During the war, suspension of foreign trade, abandonment of cultivation, outworn agricultural equipment and the levies of the enemy, reduced to a dangerous level this consumption which, as I have said, was already insufficiently varied. In 1944, available food represented only sixty-five per cent of the total pre-war consumption of the population. Our rations did not exceed half a pound of bread a day, five grammes of fats a day, and about two hundred grammes of meat a month. Even after the liberation, official allocations in the towns did not exceed 1,200 calories, and the actual level of consumption remained under 2,000 calories. These food privations have affected, and will continue to affect for some time, the physical condition of the French people, whether this is apparent or not, and in order to re-establish our normal condition, we need an increased diet. My country notes with gratitude the measures envisaged in the resolution for assistance to under-nourished peoples. For our own part, we intend to observe the rules set out in this document in order to regulate consumption and to check a rise in prices. We are pursuing a policy which imposes severe limits on the use of foodstuffs, both in quality and quantity. Two years after the war, rationing is still in force, a rationing which aims to take into account the needs of the least well-to- . do economic categories. In order that my country may be able to meet its obligations, it must therefore be helped to pursue its policy of immigration. It must also be helped to replace outworn agricultural equipment, if its production effort is to be encouraged. Moreover-and I shall return to tIllS later-only increased allocations of coal will enable FTench factories to meet the needs of the agricultural population in fertilizers and equipment. I must repeat that the supply of coal to Europe governs and conditions not only the industrial effort of the continent, but even the implementation of the resolution on agriculture subniltted to the Assembly today. It must be recognized that this resolution is as yet incomplete. It mentions only incidentally the increase of purchasing power of needy peoples as being one of the essential conditions of a just distribution of available commodities. But this purchasing power depends, especially in my country, on new openings for exports, on markets which must become available, particularly for luxury agricultural products. Lastly, I would add that this resolution deals only with immediate help; with direct aid to meet requirements in the very near' future. But we think that this Assembly will soon be faced with greater and wider tasks. Soon we shall have to establish a long-term food policy which will seek to remedy certain long-standing deficiencies and which will enable us in the future to avoid these appeals for charity, these calls for help from one people to another, which too often take the form of paternalism. All this will necessitate a careful study of thc modifications which should be introduced in each country in order to direct the production of various commodities in accordance with a humane policy of international nutrition. We still do not know, and in spite of the efforts made, this resolution does not specify, which bodies will be entrusted with executing this policy. These bodies will be numerous. Their representatives have spoken in our Committees, and we should like their powers and functions to be defined at an early date. For the present we are called upon to vote on a resolution which will be supplemented by other recommendations, dealing with the transfer of the activities of UNRRA and with the reconstruction of devastated areas. Some people will be tempted to belittle the importance of these texts. We are not disposed to do likewise. A recommendation means both a little and a great deal. It is not a matter of indifference that for several weeks, in drafting committee, in committee, in meetings which were Le PRESIDENT: Si personne ne s'oppose a la resolution, et s'il n'y a pas d'amendement, je puis la considerer comme a:doptee al'unanimitk.

If no one opposes the resolution, and if there is no amendment, I can consider it as adopted unanimously. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a Punanimite. Decision: The resolution was adopted .unanimously. 144. Autorisation accordee au Consell economique et social de demander des avis consultatifs Cl la eour internationale de Justice. Rapport de la Sixieme Commission. Resolution (document A/201) 144. Authorizotion of the Economic and Social Council to request advisory opinions 'of the International Court of Justice: reporr of the Sixth Committee: resolution (doc!Jment A/201) Le PRESIDENT: Le Rapporteur n'est pas present, mais vous avez tous le document sous les yeux (annexe 50). Je vous· rappelle que le dernier paragraphe de la resolution est le suivant: «L'Assembtee genhale, en consequence., auto1'ise le Conseil economique et social a pemander a la Cour internationale de Justice des avis consultatifs sur des questions juridiques qui se poseraient dans le cadre de l'activite du Conseil."

The Rapporteur is not present, but you have the document before you (annex 59). I would remind you that the last paragraph of the resolution reads as follows: (Therefore the General Assembly authorizes the Economic and Social Council to request advisory opinions of the International Court of Justice on legal questions arising within the scope of the activities of the Council." Decision: T he resolution unanimously. was adopted Decision: La l'esolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. 145. Privileges and immunities of members of the International Court of Justice, the Registrar, officials of the Registry, assessors, the agents and couns'el of the Parties and of witnesses and experts: report of the Sixth Committee: resolution (document A/202) 145. Privileges et immunih~s des membres de la Cour internationale de Justice, du Greffier, des fonctionnaires du Greffe, des assesseurs, des agents et conseils des parties ainsi que des t>emoins et des experts. Rapport de la Sixieme Commission. Resolution (document A/202)

You have the document before you (annex 51). The resolution is quite a long one. I can read it, Le PRESIDENT: Vous avez tous le document sous les yeux (annexe 51 ). 11 s'agit d'une resolution assez longue. Je pUIs en donner lecture, si 146. Pensions of the members of the International Court of Justice: report of the Joint Fifth and Sixth Committee: resolution (document A/217l

The resolution is to the effect that the General Assembly adopts the proposals regarding the pensions of the members of the International Court of Justice, as they appear in Annex 1 to the report (annex 52) . Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 147. Agreement between the United Nations and the Carnegie Foundation conc:erning the use of the premises of the Peace Palace at The Hague, and concerning the repayment of loans: report of the Joint Fifth and· Sixth Committee: resolution (document A/219l

The resolution before the General Assembly approves the agreement betwen the United Nations and the Carnegie Foundation concerning the use of the Peace Palace at The Hague, and concerning the repayment of loans as set forth in annexes A and B of the report (annex 53). I call upon Mr. Winiewicz, representative of Poland. Mr. WINIEWICZ (Poland): In our view the agreement concerning the loan contracted by the League of Nations should be settled separately .within the Common Plan of Assets and Liabili. ties of the League, and not as suggested in the report. We could approve of the agreement which does not relate to the loan. But, as we do not intend to prolong this debate and introduce amendments, we shall abstain from votin~.

If no one else wishes to speak, I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimously, with the abstention of Poland. Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 148. Report of the Committee on UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration>: report of the Second Committee: resolution (document A/223l

The next item is the discussion of the Second 146. Pensions des membres de la Cour internationale de Justice. Rapport de la Commission mixte des Cinquieme et Sixieme Commissions. Resolution (document A/207l Le PRESIDENT: La resolution tend a ce que l'Assemblee generale adopte les propositions relatives au regime de pensions des membres de la Cour internationale de Justice tellcs qu'elles figurent a l'annexe 1 du rapport (annexe 52). Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. 147. Accord entre l'Organisation des Nations Unies et la Fondation Carnegie concernant I'usage des locaux du Palais de la Paix Ca La Haye, et le remboursement d'emprunts. Rapport de la C 0 m m i s s ion mixte des Cinquieme et Sixieme Commissions. Resolution (document A/219l Le PRESIDENT: La resolution soumise a 1'As· semblee generale approuve l'accord intervenu entre les Nations Unies et la Fondation Carnegie au sujet de l'usage des Mtiments du Palais de la Paix a La Haye, et du remboursement des emprunts qui figurent aux annexes A et B du rapport (annexe 53). Je donne la parole aM. Winiewicz, representant de la Pologne. M. WINIEWICZ (Pologne) (traduit de l'an· glais): La delegation polonaise estime que l'accord relatif al'emprunt contracte par la Societe des Nations devrait etre traite, a part, dans le cadre du projet commun de transfert des avoirs de la Societe des Nations et non comme le propose le rapport. Nous ne pourrions donner notre approbation a l'accord que si la partie relative al'emprunt etait supprimee. Toutefois, comme nous ne voulons pas prolonger cc debat en presentant des amendements, nous nous abstiendrons de voter. Le PRESIDENT: Si personne ne demande la parole, je considere la resolution comme adoptee a l'unanimite, avec abstention de la Pologne. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. 148. Rapport du Comite de I'UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabm.; tation Administration). Rapport de la Deuxieme Commission. Resolution (document A/223) . Le PRESIDENT: L'ordre du jour appelle l'exame.n du rapport de la Deuxieme Commis- Mr. SANJINES (Bolovia), Rapporteur (translated from French); The resolution contained in this report is as follows: "The General Assembly, at its twenty~first plenary meeting, on 1 February 1946, established a Committee to encourage support of UNRRA during the final stages of its work. "The General Assembly has now received a report on the work of the Committee and has noted with satisfaction the extent to which Member Governments have supported the activities of UNRRA and have thus contributed so substantially to the relief and rehabilitation of those countries which had been devastated by the war. "The General Assembly has learned from the report of the Committee that, although expected contributions have been realized in very large measure, a small proportion has not yet been made available, and that the Chairman of the Committee has been requested to draw the attention of the governments concerned to the desirability of completing their contributions in order that UNRRA nUKht receive the full amount required for the completion of its activities. "The General Assembly, therefore, "Warmly thanks the Chairman and members of the Committee on UNRRA for their efforts in fulfillment' of the task entrusted, to them; "Urges Member Governments concerned to consider sympathetically the communication from the Chairman of the Committee on UNRRA and to make available the balance of their expected contributions in order that UNRRA may have at its disposal for the completion of its task the full amount recommended by the UNRRA Council." Le PRESIDENT: Je donne la parole a M. Winiewicz, representant de la Pologne.

I call upon Mr. Winiewicz, representative of Poland. M. WINIEWICZ (Pologne) (traduit de IJanglais): A la Commission, les representants de nombreux pays ont adresse les plus grands eloges a l'UNRRA pour l'reuvre qu'elle a accomplie, et la Pologne n'a pas manque d'y joihdre les siens. Toutefois, la delegation polonaise estime qu'il est de son devoir de prendre la parole une fois de plus devant cette AssembIee, pour remercier de nouveau tous les pays qui ont aide l'UNRRA a s'acquitter si magnifiquement de sa mission. Il est impossible a ce1ui qui n'a pas ete ell Europe orientale de se faire une idee de l'etendue et de l'ordre de grandeur des destructions que la guerre y a causees. Personne ne peut imaginer le~ consequences desastreuses que la guerre a eues sur les fondements memes de l'economie nationale de tous ces pays. Essayezj Mr. WINffiWICZ (Poland): The representatives of many countries spoke in the Committee, with the greatest praise for the work of UNRRA. The voice of Poland was not missing. ' The Polish delegation, however, feel'5 that it is its duty to take the floor once more in this meeting to thank again all the countries which helped UNRRA to become such a great success. No one who has not been in eastern Europe can realize the extent and dimensions of the devastation left there as a heritage of the war. No one can imagine the disastrous consequences of the war on the very roots of the national economies of all those countries. Can you, for instance, imagine the fate of my own country, M. SANJINES (Bolivie) (Rapporteur): La partie resolutive du rapport est la suivante: "L'AssembIee generale, au cours de sa vingt et unieme seance pIeniere, le 1er fevrier 1946, a constitue une Commission chargee de faciliter l'c.euvre de l'UNRRA au cours des derniers mois de son existence. "L'Assemblce generale est maintenant en possession d'un rapport sur les travaux du Comite et constate avec satisfacti.on l'importance de l'aide que les Gouvemements des Etats Membres ant apportee a l'UNRRA, contribuant ainsi de maniere considerable 11 foumir des secours aux pays devastes par la guerre et afaciliter leur reconstruction. "L'Assemblee generale, par le rapport du Comite, a pu voir que, si une tres grande partie des contributions attendues ant ete versees, i1 reste encore urie petite partie qui n'a pas ete versee, et que le President du Comite a ete 'invite a attirer l'attention des Gouvemements interesses SUI le fait qu'il serait a desirer qu'ils completent le versement de leurs contributions en vue de permettre a l'UNRRA de rcunir le total des fonds indispensables al'achevement de ses travaux. uL'AssembUe generale, en consequence, rrRemercie vivement le President et les membres du Comite de I'UNRRA pour les efforts qu'ils ant fourms en s'acquittant' de la tache qui leur avait ete confiee. rrDemande instamment aux Gouvernements des Etats Membres interesses d'accuei1- lir favorablement la communication du President du Comite de l'UNRRA, et de verser le soIde de leurs contributions attendues en vue de pennettre al'UNRRA de disposer, pour achever ses travaux, du total des fonds prevus par le Conseil de l'UNRRA." The help of UNRRA came as a great blessing to all of us in Eastern Europe. The whole organization was, at the same time, an outstanding; and magnificent manifestation of world solidarity and a demonstration of the feelu1gs of those who' suffered less towards those whose suffering was so great. On behalf of the Polish Govermnent, I wish to take this opportunity to thank all those countries whose contributions to UNRRA enabled Poland to survive and to get on her feet again. We shall not forget that. Our gratitude is deep for friendly feelings and deeds. And allow me to say here, that we understood that that help was, to a certain degree, a reward for the contribution of Poland to the common victory, a contribution which was definitely out of proportion to its capacity. I want to have your permission to single out in our gratitude one of the nations which contributed most, the United States of America. On behalf of my people, I thank the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and other 'contributing countries. Finally, our deep gratitude goes out to those men and women of goodwill who brought to war-shattered Europe the material help, to those who have shown understanding of the needs of all the distressed nations, including all the refugees and displaced persons. The material help of UNRRA gave them food, the understanding of UNRRA personnel gave them, once more, the conviction that humanity had not become an empty word. Poland regretfully received notice of the end of the work of UNRRA. There are very important reasons and arguments which would still favour the continuation of the existence of this important organization. The die is cast, however, and we do not propose to reverse the situation. The resolution which is before WJ and which the Polish delegation supports, urges, however, that outstanding payments be made so that UNRRA may complete the programme which is not yet completed. In general, the Polish delegation expresses the hope that the spirit of mternational economy and welfare; solidarity, co-operation and assistance may survive and that all concerned may realize that although UNRRA is gomg to be dissolved, the needs which this organization was de-

I call upon Mr. Dendramis, representative of Greece. Mr. DENDRAMIB (Greece) (translated from French): As the representative of a country which has suffered so much from the war, I wish to pay my grateful tribute to the humanitarian organization of UNRRA, which has given so much help to my country. I also wish to asso~ date myself with the remarks of the representative of Poland, and to thank all the countries which, by their contributions, have facilitated and made possible the success of UNRRA's task. The PRESIDENT (translated from French): I take it that the Assembly will adopt unanimously the resolution before us? Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 149. Political Rights of Women: report of the Third Committee: resolution (document A/220) The PRESIDENT (translated from French): In the absence of the Rapporteur, Mrs. Lionaes, representative of Norway, I shall read the draft resolution included in the report (annex 55). "The General Assembly, "Whereas "In the Preamble of the Charter the peoples of the United Nations have reaffirmed faith in the equal rights of men and women, and in Article 1 it is stated that purposes of the United Nations are, among others. to achieve international co-operation in prom0ting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to sex, and to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends, «Whereas "Certain Member States have not yet gl'anted to women political rights equal to those granted to men, "Therefore: " (a) Recommends that all Member States, which have not already done so, adopt measures necessary to fulfil the purposes and aims of the Charter in this respect by granting to women the same political rights as to men; "( b) Invites the Secretary-General to communicate this recommendation to the governments of all Member States." Doe.~ any representative wish to speak? Then I consider the resolution to be adopted unanimously. Decision: T he resolution was adopted unanimously. M. DENDRi\MIS (Grece): En ma qualite de representant d'un pays qui a tant souffert de la guerre, je desire payer man tribut de gratitude a l'organisation humanitaire qu'est l'UNRRA; elle a rendu tant de services a mon pays. Je desire egalement m'associer aux paroles du representant de la Pologne et remercier tous les pays qui, par leur contribution, ont rendu facile et possible l'accomplissement de la mission de l'UNRRA. Le PRESIDENT : Je suppose que l'Assemblee adoptera a l'unanimite la resolution qui nous est proposee? Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimitl. 149. Droits politiques de la femme. Rapport de la Troisieme Commission. Resolution <document A/220} Le PRESIDENT: En l'absence de Mme Lionaes, representante de la Norvege, Rapporteur, je donne lecture du projet de resolution inclus dans le rapport (annexe 55). «L'AssembUe genhale, «Gonsiderant que "Dans le Preambule de la Charte, les peuples des Nations Unies ont' proclame a nouveau leur foi dans l'egalite des droits de l'homme et de la femme et que, dans l'Arti. cle 1, ils declarent qu'un des buts des Nations Unies est de realiser la cooperation intemationale en developpant et en encourageant le respect des droits de l'homme et des libertes {on,damentales pour tOllS, sans distinction de sexe, et d'etre un centre DU s'hannonisent les efforts dt'_~ nations vers ceR fins communes; «Gonsiderant que "Certains Etats Membres n'ont pas encore accorde aux femmes les menres droits politiques qu'aux hommes; "En consequence "a) Recommande que tous les Etats Membres qui ne l'ont pas encore fait prennent les mesures necessaires pour realiser les buts et les fins de la Charte it ce sujet en accordant a la femme les memes droits politiques qu'a l'homme; b) Inoite le Secretaire general a transmettre ceUe recommandation a.ux Gouvemements de tous les Etats Membres." Si personne ne demande la parole, je c.onsidererai la resolution comme adoptee a l'unanimite. Decision: .' La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. ~~Recommends that Members, pending their accession to the Convention, should follow, so far as possible, the provisions of the Convention in their relations with the United Nations, its officials, the representatives of its Members and experts on missions for the Organization." If no one wishes to speak I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimously. Decision: The resolution was adopted tmanimously. 151 . Progressive development of international law and its codification: report of the Sixth Committee: resolution (document A/222) The PRESIDENT (translated from French): The next item is the discussion of the Sixth Committee's report on the progressive development of international law and its codification (annex 57). The Sixth Committee recommends the General Assembly to adopt the following resolution: "The General Assembly, «Resolves to establish a Committee of sixteen Members of the United Nations to be appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the President, each of these Members to have one representative on the Committee; rrDirects the Committee to study: "(a) The methods by which the General Assembly should encourage the progressive development of international law and its eventual codification; le ( b) Methods of securing the co-operation of the several organs of the United Nations to this end; " (c) Methods of enlisting the assistance of such national or international bodies as might aid in the attainment of this objective; "and to report to the General Assembly at its next regular session. ~<Req~ests the Secretary-General to provide such aBSlstance as the Committee may require for its work." "Recommande que les Membres, en attendant leur adhesion a la Convention, observent, dans toute la mesure du possible, les dispositions de la Convention dans leurs rapports avec l'Organisation des Nations Unies, ses fonctionnaires, les representants de ses Membres et les specialistes que l'Organisation envoie en mission." Si personne ne demande la parole, je considererai la resolution comme adoptee a I'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. 151. Developpement progressif du droit international, et sa codification. Rapport de la Sixieme Commission. Resolution (document A/222) Le PRESIDENT: L'ordre du jour appelle la discussion du rapport de la Sixieme Commission sur le developpement progressif du droit international et sa codification (annexe 57). La Sixieme Commission recommande al'AssembIee generale d'adopter la resolution suivante: "L'Assemblee generale, "DeCide de creer une commission composee de seize Etats Membres des Nations Vnieos, qui seront nommes par l'Assemblee generale, sur recommandation de son President, chacun de ces Etats Membres devant avoir un representant acette commission. "Charge la commission d'etudier: "a) Les methodes par lesquelles l'Assemblee generale devrait favoriser le developpement progressif du droit international et sa codification ulterieure; "b) Des methodes permettant de s'assurer acette fin la cooperation des divers organes des Nations Unies; "c) Des methodes permettant d~ s'assurer le concours de te1s organismes nationaux ou internationaux susceptibles d'aider a atteindre ce but; "Et de faire rapport al'Assemblee generale lors de sa prochaine session ordinaire. "Invite le Secniitaire general a fournir a la commission toute l'aide dont elle pourrait avoir besoin pour l'accomplissement de Sell travaux." I call upon Mr. Yepes, representative of Colombia. Mr. YEPES (Colombia) (translated from French) : Since the Colombian delegation, which I have the honour and privilege of representing at the Sixth Committee of the General Assembly, secured the amendment of the proposal relating to the nature of the legal committee we are to establish, it feels bound to ask the General Assembly for its unanimous approval of the conclusions of the report on the development of international law and its codification. The codification of international law is a problem which we consider extremely important for the progressive improvement of international relations in the spirit of good neighbourliness and mutual respect between all States. If we wish to replace the regime of violence under which the world has lived hitherto by a regime of peace and justice, we must establish legal rules which are binding for all States, great and small. No time could be more opportune than the present to undertake the work of the legal reconstruction of the world, when we have just passed through an unprecedented cataclysm which has overthrown all our traditional conceptions of social and international life, which has completely transformed the historical balance of the forces directing world policy, which has swept away many ideas belonging to a past that has disappeared for ever, such as the old theory of the absolute sovereignty of States, and which has undermined the very foundations of our civilization. I repeat, this is the most opportune moment to establish the legal rules from which international relations must henceforward draw their inspiration. International law cannot be the same now as it was before the lessons of the last war and the discovery of the atomic bomb: If there is one lesson which emerges clearly from the events of the last few years, it is that a new era has begun in the history of the world, and that we should adopt new rules of conduct to deal with new political and legal situations. Otherwise, we should have anarchy and chaos, and the world would no longer know what were the principles governing this new international life. That is why the Colombian delegation has supported and will support all plans to. introduce codification into the sphere of the new internationallaw. M. YEPES (Colombie): La delegation de la Colombie, que j'ai l'honneur et le privilege de representer a la Sixieme Commission de FAssemblCe generale, ayant pris l'initiative de modifier la proposition relativement au caractere de la commission de juristes qui nous est proposee, se croit particulierement obligee de faite unappel a l'AssembIee generale pour demander l'approbation unanime des conclusions du rapport qui nous a ete soumis sur le deve10ppement du droit international et sa codification. La codification du droit international, voila un probleme que nous considerons comme de la plus haute importance pour l'amelioration progressive des relations internationalcs, dans un esprit de bon voisinage et de respect reciproque de tous les Etats. , Si nous aspirons a remplacer le regime de violence sous lequel le monde a vecu jusqu'ici par un autre qui soit un regime de paix et de justice, il falit etablir les regles de droit auxqueUes tous les Etats, grands et petits, seront obHgatoirement soumis. Nul moment n'est plus propice que le moment actuel pour entreprendre le travail de reconstruction juridique du monde, au lendemain d'un cataclysme sans pareil qui a bouleverse toutes nos conceptions traditionnell~ de la vie sociale et intemationale, qui a completement transforme la distribution historique des forces dirigeant la politique mondiale, qui a balaye certaines notions appartenant a un pass~ a jamais revolu, comme par exemple la vieille these de la souverainetc absolue des Etats, et qui a sape les fondements meme de notre civilisation. Ce moment, dis-je, est le plus opportun pour fixer les regles de droit dont les relations internationales devront desormais s'inspirer. Le droit international ne peut pas etre aujourd'hui le mcme que celui d'hier, anterieur aux ler;ons de la demiere guerre et a la decouverte de la bombe atomique. Si une le<;on se degage clairement des evenements de ces dernieres annees, c'est qtt'une nouvelle ere de l'histoire du monde a commence, et que nous devons adopter de nouvelles regles de conduite pour gouverner les nouvelles situations politiques et juridiques. Autrement, cc serait l'anarchie et le chaos, et le monde ne saurait plus queUes seraient dorenavant les normes des principes regissant cette nouvelle vie internationale. C'est pourquoi la delegation colombienne a appuye et appuie tous les projets tendant a rendre possible la codification dans le domaine du droit international nouveau. Similarly, when we come to codify international law, we must have in our mind,S, for our inspiration, a sense of justi~ and the innate idea of good and evil which is present in the consciences of all honest men. In my opinion, it is thus that we shall be able to bring about the development and evolution of the law of nations, on the basis of a truly human solidarity amongst the peoples of the earth and amongst all III;en, without distinction of race, language, religious belief or political party. Such will be the true international law of the future. In taking this attitude in favour of the codification of international law, we are acting in accordance with the legal tradition of Colombia and of Latin America as a whole. Indeed, the States of Latin America were pioneers of the codification of international law. We are particularly qualified to co-operate in thi~ work by more than a century of experience. Bolivar the Liberator, was the first statesman in the history of the world who officially proposed the codification of international law, at the memorable Panama Congress of 1826. At that time, Bolivar said that "Peace could not be effectively ensured without the successful adoption of a code of laws binding upon all the States of the world." The republics of Latin America tried, at the numerous Spanish-American Congresses of the nineteenth century, to establish this obligatory code of international laws envisaged by Bolivar. At the :end of that century, in 1890, to be exact, the Pan-American Union resumed this task with the; assistance of the United States of America. Since then, we have succeeded in securing the adoption of a series of conventions and resolutions which establish the principles of American international law. We have thus succeeded in setting up a complete code of private international law. Today, in the majority of the Latin American republics, a large number of questions relating to public international law are settled by legal means, including questions such as the always difficult regime of international treaties, the legal position of diplomatic and consular officials, the really thorny question of rights and duties of States, the problem of intervention and the condemnation of the fait accompli) the rights and duties of aliens, the question of right of asylum and many others, which demonstrate our constant wish to submit all international life to precise and clearly defined legal rules. It would perhaps not be irrelevant to mention here, in order to pay them a well-deserved tribute, some of the Latin American jurists who have devoted their lives to the cause of international law. I need only mention the illustrious names of Alejandro Alvarez, Sanchez de Bustamante, Jose Gustavo Guerrero, Luis Maria Drago, Epitacio Pessoa, Raill Hernandes, Marc Fidel Swirez and Manue1 Gondra, whose professional and moral authority is universally known and respected. On the strength of this experience and these great legal traditions of Latin America, the Colombian delegation asks for a unanimous vote of the Assembly on the report on the progressive codification of international law which we are discussing at present.

We have two points to settle; first of all, the question of the Committee of sixteen members, and, secondly, the vote on the resolution as a whole. As regards the nomination of the Committee of sixteen members, this was a very difficult problem, as you will realize. I showed my impartiality by not nominating Belgium; this waS in order that I might not be accused, in all cases, of choosing my favourite countries! I also had great difficulty in choosing·among the States of South America; they all have legal traditions, and are all interested in the question. I realize that there may be a weakness in my proposals, [or, being limited by the number of sixteen, I was unable to include Brazil. This State certainly has a most distinguished legal tradition; it could be of great assistance, and moreover it is the only Portuguese-speaking State of Latin America. If I were quite sure that this would not lead to the re-opening of the discussion, I would suggest that the number be increased to seventeen, and that Brazil be included. But I cannot do so unless the Assembly assures me that the discussion will not be re.-opened, and that no one will ask me to increase the number to eighteen, nineteen or twenty. Is there any opposition to increasing the number of members to seventeen? As there is no opposition, I shall add Brazil to the list. If ho one wishes to speak, I shall consider that the list of members of the Committee, as I read it to you, together with Brazil, is approved Le PRESIDENT: Nous avons deux points a regler: tout d'abord la nomination de la Commission de seize membres, puis l'acceptation de la resolution dans son ensemble. En ce qui conceme la commission de seize membres, il s'est agi, comme vous vous en rendez compte, d'un travail extremement difficile. J'ai assure mon impartialite en ne d6ligriant pas la Belgique; c'est vous dire qu'on ne peut m'accuser d'avoir choisi, dans tous les cas, les pays que j'aime le plus! Dne grosse difIiculte residait aussi dans le choix. des pays de l'Amerique du Sud; tous 0111. des traditions juridiques, taus s'interessent a 1... question. Je reconnais qu'il y a pent-etre, dam mes propositions, une faiblesse, etant donne que je n'ai pas pu, limite que j'etais par le nombre de seize, inscrire le Bresil; ce pays represente certainement une tradition juridique tres honora~ ble, il serait susceptible de rendre de grands services et, de plus, c'est le pays de langue portugaise de l'Amerique latine. Si j'etais absolument sur de ne pas provoquer la reouverture d'une discussion, je suggererais de porter le nombre a. dix-sept et d'inc1ure egalement le Bresil. Mais je ne puis le faire que si l'AssembIee me donne l'assurance de -ne pas rouvrir une discussion et si personne ne dernande de porter le nombre des membres a dix-huit, dix-neuf, vingt. Y a-t-il une opposition ace que le nombre des rnernbres soit eleve a dix-sept? Etant donne qu'il n'y a pas d'opposition, j'ajouterai le Bresil a la liste. Si personne ne demande la parole, je consi~ dererai que la liste des membres de la Commission, y compris le Bresil, est approuvee par 152. Provisional Financial Regulations of the United Nations: report of ,the Fifth Committee: resolution (document A/218) The, PRESIDENT (translated from French): The report of the Fifth Committee (annex 58) is a long document, and the resolution proposed is the following: "The General Assembly resolves) "That the following provisional financial regulations be adopted and that the Secretary- General shall be instructed to submit draft financial regulations to the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions for consideration and final adoption by the General Assembly at its regular session in 1947." Does anyone wish to speak? As there is no opposition, the resolution is adopted unanimously. Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 153. Administration of the International Court of Justice: report of the Joint Fifth and Sixth Committee: resolution (document A/226) The' PRESIDENT (translated from French): The resolution contained in the report of the Joint Committee (annex 59) reads as follows: "The General Assembly, "Resolves that the decision taken at the first part of the first session (document A/29) fixing the emoluments of the judges in N etherlands florins remain unchanged; "Directs that the annual salary of the Registrar of the International Court of Justice shall be similar to that of a top-ranking director of the Secretariat of the United Nations and shall accordingly be fixed at 29,150 Netherlands florins; and that the difference between the salary reconunended by the Oourt (35,000 florins) and the salary approved by the General Assembly shall be paid to the Registrar as a non-pensionable allow~ ance; a Adopts the Travel and Subsistence Regulations of the Intemational Court of JustiCe, as amended and reproduced in annex 1." If no one wishes to speak, I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimously. Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 152. Reglement financier provisoire de I'Organisation des Nations Unies. Rapport de la Cinquieme Commission. Resolution (document A/218) Le PRESIDENT: Le rapport dela Cinquieme Commission (annexe 58) consiste en un assez long document, proposant la resolution suivante : <CL)AssembUe generale decide "D'adopter le reglement financier provisoire ci-apres et d'inviter le Secretaire general a presenter a la Commission consultative des questions administratives et budgetaires un projet de reglement financier aux fins d'examen et d'adoption definitive par l'Assemblee generale au cours de sa session annuelle ordinaire de 1947." Personne ne demande la parole? PUisqu'il n'r a pas d'objection, la resolution est adoptee a. l'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. 153. Administration de la Cour internationale de Justice. Rapport de la Commission mixte des Cinquieme et Sixieme Commissions. Resolution l.document A/226) . Le PRESIDENT: La resolution figurant au rapport de la Commission mixte (annexe 59) est ainsi libellee: "L'Assembtee genhale "Decide que la decision prise au cours de la premiere ~artie de la premiere session (document AI 29) et qui fixe les emoluments des juges en florins neerlandais, ne sera pas modifiee. "Decide d'assimiler le traitement annuel du Greffier de la Cour internationale de Justice a ce1ui d'un Directeur principal du Secn~­ tariat des Nations Unies et de le fixer en consequence a 29.150 florins hollandais; et de payer au Greffier la difference entre le traite~ ment recommande par la Cour (35.000 florins) et le traitement approuve par l'A<;~ sembIee generale, sous forme d'indemnite n'entrant pas en ligne de compte pour le calcul de la pension de; retraite. <CAdopte le reglement concernant les frais de voyage et de mission des membres de la Cour internationale de Justice, sous la forme amendee reproduite a l'annexe 1." Si personne ne demande la parole, je considererai la resolution comme adoptee it. l'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite.

The next item is the First Committee's report (annex 60) on the report of the Security Council 1. This is a remarkable document. The resolution reads as follows: "The General Assembly, having received and discussed the report of the Security Council, "Resolves to pass to the next item of the agenda." The Rapporteur is present, but I do not think that he has any comments to mal<e on this subject. If there is no opposition, I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimously. Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 155. Draft Declaration on the Rights and Duties of States: report of the First Committee: resolution (document A/228J The PRESIDENT (translated from French): The next item is the First Committee's report (annex 61) concerning the draft DecIaration on the Rights and Duties of States. I call on Mr. Viteri Lafronte, representative of Ecuador, Rapporteur. Mr. VITERl LAFRONTE (Ecuador), Rapporteur: With your permission, I would like to say a word about the previous report, the report presented by the Security Council. It is really a. very important document, but, because the. various parts of the report would be examined by the First Committee under the various items of the agenda with which it would be dealing, it was decided to pass to the next item. This was the reason why it was not possible to pass a special resolution on the Security Council report. The present report refers to the project that was presented by the delegation of Panama, and really represents a very important approach for the Latin American States to the work of the United Nations. The resolution proposed is as follows: "The General Assembly resolves, "1. To request the Secretary-General to transmit immediately to all Member States of the United Nations and to national and international bodies concerned with international law, the text of the draft Declaration of the Rights and Duties of States presented by Panama, with the request that they submit their comments and observations to the Secretary-General before 1 June 1947; 1 See Special Supplement No.... Le PRESIDENT: Le point suivant est le rapport de la Premiere Commission (annexe 60) sur le rapport du Conseil de securite. 1 Ce document est remarquable. La resolution, en dfet, est la suivante: <CL'AssembLBe generale, apres avoir rec;u et discute le rapport du Cons~il de securite, "Decide de passeI' au point suivant de l'ordre du jour." Le Rapporteur est dans cette salle, mais je ne crois pas qu'il ait de commentaires a farre a ce sujet. Si aucune objection n'est formulee, je considererai la resolution comme adopt~e a I'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. 155. Projet de Declaration sur les droits et devoirs des Etats. Rapport de la Premiere Commission.' Resolution (document A/228) Le PRESIDENT: Le point suivant est le rapport de la Premiere Commission (annexe·61) sur le projet de Declaration sur les droits et les devoirs des Etats. La parole est a M. Viteri Lafronte, representant de l'Equateur, Rapporteur. M. VITERI LAFRoNTE (Equateur), Rapporteur (traduit de ranglais): Je voudrais dire quelques mots tout d'abord sur le rapport prece-' dent, celui qui a ete presente par le Conseil de securite. 11 s'agit d'un document extremement important; mais, comme les differentes parties de ce rapport seront etudiees par la Premiere Commission selon les differents points de l'ordre du jour de l'AssembIee lorsque la Commission les traitera, il fut decide de passer au point suivant de l'ordre du jour. C'est pour cette raison qu'il n'a pas ete possible d'adopter une resolution speciale sur le rapport du ConseiI de recurite. Quant au rapport que nous abordons maintenant, il a .trait au projet que la delt~gation de Panama a presente et qui constitue certainement une prise de position extremement importante des Etats de l'Amerique latine a l'egard de l'reuvre des Nations Unies. La resolution proposee est la suivante: "L'AssembLee generale decide: "1. De demander au Secretaire general de transmettre immediatement a tous les Etats Membres des Nations Unies et aux organismes nationaux ~t internationaux qui s'interessent au droit international, le texte du projet de Declaration des droits et des devoirs des Etats presente par le Panama, en les priant de cornmuniquer au Secretaire general leurs commentaires et leurs observations avant le 1er juin 1947; 1 Voir le supplement special No .... I "4. To include this matter in the agenda of the second regular session of the General Assembly." The PRE,SIDENT (translated from French): If no one has any remarks to make, I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimously. Decision: The resolution was adopted unaitimously. 156. Establishment of an 1I1IternationClI Children's t::mcrg;m'1cy ~:lIJlncl (pl)!'tponement of the discussion)

The next item is the Third Committee's report on the establishment of an International Children's Emergency Fund. This is an important document, containing a long resolution. I do not think the Rapporteur is present, but Mr. Vandenberg has asked to speak on this subject. Mr. VANDENBERG (United States of America): I thank you, but I would suggest that the item be adjourned until Mrs. Rooseve1t, arrives. She can speak for the Third Committee on this subject.

Are there any objections? The discussion of this report will therefore be postponed until a later meeting. 157. The Crime of Genocide: report of the Sixth Committee: resolution (document A/231J

The next item is the Sixth Committee's report on the crime of genocide (annex 62). The resolution reads as follows: "Genocide is a denial of the right of. existence of entire human groups, as homicide is the denial of the right to live of individual human beings; such denial of the right of existence shocks the conscience of mankind, results in great losses to humanity in the form of cultural and other contributions represented by these human groups, and is contrary to moral law and to the spirit and aims of, the United Nations. "Many instances of such crimes of genocide have occurred when racial, religious, political Le PRESIDENT:" Si aucune observation n'est presentee, je considererai la resolution corrune adoptee al'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a[Junanimite. 156. Creation d'un Fonds international de secours a l'enfcmce (adjournemen'} de la discussion) Le PRESIDENT: Le point suivant est le rapport de la Troisieme Commission sur la creation d'un Fonds international de secours a I'enfance. C'est un document important et il cantient une longue resolution. Je crais que le Rapporteur n'est pas ici, mais M. Vandenberg a demande la parole a ce sujet. M. VANDENBERG (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) (traduit de l'anglais): Je vous remercie, mais je propose de remettre la discussion de ce point jusqu'a l'arrivee de Mme Roosevelt, qui pourra parler de la question dont il s'agit au nom de la Troisieme Commission. Le PRESIDENT: Aucune objection n'est presentee? En consequence, la discussion de cc rapport est remise a une seance ulterieure. 157. Le crime de genocide. Rapport de la Sixieme Commission. Resolution (document A/231) Le PRESIDENT: Le point suivant est le rapport de la Sixieme Commission sur le crime de genocide (annexe 62). La resolution est la suivante: "Le genocide est le refus du droit a I'existence a des groupes humains entiers de meme que l'homicide est le refus du droit a l'existence a un individu; un te1 rcfus boule· verse la conscience humaine, inflige de grandes pertes a l'humanite qui se trouve ainsi privee des apports culturels ou autres de ces groupes, et est contraire a la loi morale ainsi qu'a l'esprit et aux fins des' Nations Unies. "On a vu perpetrer des crimes de genocide qui ont entierement ou partiellement detruit

If no one wishes to speak, I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimously. Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 158. Economic reconstruction of devastated a reas: report of\ the Second Committee: resolution (documents A/233 and A/233/Add.U

The next item is the report of the Second Committee on economic reconstruction of devastated areas (annex 63). I call upon Mr. Sanjines, Rapporteur. Mr. SANJINES (Bolivia), Rapporteur (translated from French): I shall confine myself to reading the recommendations formulated by the Second Committee: «The General Assembly, «Taking note of the preliminary report of the Temporary Sub-Commission on economic reconstruction of devastated areas (document AI147), and of the relevant resolution of the Economic and Social Council of 3 October 1946 (document A/126); «Recognizing the urgent need for international co-operation in the reconstruction of devastated areas; "1. Approves the general resolution of the Economic and Social Council, the resolution on the Survey of the Economic Reconstruction of Devastated Areas in Asia and the Far East, and the resolution for continuing the work of the Sub-Commission on Devastated Areas in Europe (document E/245); "2. Urges the Members of the United Na- . Le PRESIDENT: Si petsonne ne demande la parole, je considererai la resolution comme adoptee a l'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee al'unanimite. 158. Reconstruction economique des regions devastees. Rapport de la Deuxieme Commission. Resolution (documents A/233 et A/233/Add.l) Le PRESIDENT: Le point suivant Et 1'ordre du jour est le Rapport de la Deuxieme Commission sur la reconstruction economique des regions devastees (annexe 63). La parole est a M. Sanjines, Rapporteur. M. SANJINES (Bolivie), Rapporteur: Je me bornerai a donner lecture des recommandations formuIees par la Deuxieme Commission: « L'Assembtee generale, « Prenant acte du rapport preliminaire de la Sous-Commission temporaire pour la reconstruction economique des regions devastees (document AI147) et de la resolution correspondante adoptee par le Conseil economique le 3 octobre 1946 (document AJ126); «Constatant l'urgente necessite d'une cooperation internationale pour la reconstruction des regions devastees; "1. Approuve la resolution generale du Conseil economique et social, la resolution relative a l'enquete sur la reconstruction economique des regions devastees en Asie et en Extreme-Orient et la resolution concernant la continuation des travaux de la Sous-Commission pour les regions devastees en Europe (document EJ245) ; "2. Invite les Membres des Nations Unies, "4:. Recommends that the Economic and Social Council and its Commissions consider undertaking as soon as possible, in co-operation with the specialized agencies concerned, a general survey of raw material resources needed for the economic reconstruction of devastated areas, with a view to recommending the adoption of the necessary measures to , increase and promote production and to facilitate transportation of those materials from the producing areas to the devastated areas; "5. Further recommends that, in order to give effective aid to the countries devastated by war, the Economic and Social Council at its next session give prompt and favourable consideration to the establishment of an economic Commission for Europe and an economic Commission for Asia and the Far East."

I call upon Mr. Wells, representative of the United Kingdom. Mr. WELLS (United Kingdom) : The United Kingdom delegation feels impelled to indicate to this Assembly its enthusiastic endorsement of the report of the Second Committee. It contains proposals for the establishment of economic Commissions for Europe and the Far East. The subject of devastation and the reconstruction of these devastated areas is a very vast one, and several reports and resolutions have been submitted to the recent Assembly in connexion with this matter. These reports have brought to light, in the first place, the importance of the financial side of this great problem. We very much hope that the financial means will be found through the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and in other ways. One paragraph of Our resolution deals with this very important and fundamental point. Le PRESIDENT: Je donne la parole a M. Wells, representant du Royaume-Uni. M. WELLS (Royaume-Uni) (traduit de l'anglais): La delegation du Royaume-Uni tient a manifester devant l'AssembJee son approbation enthousiaste du rapport de la Deuxieme Commission. Ce rapport contient des propositions pour la creation de Oommissions econpmiques pour l'Europe et l'Extreme-Orient. . La question des regions devastecs et de la reconstruction de ces regions souleve de tres vastes problemes. Plusieurs rapports et plusieurs resolutions ont deja ete soumis a ce sujet a l'Assemblee generale, ees rapports ant fait ressortir, en premier lieu, l'importance que revet 1'aspect financier du probleme de la reconstruction. Nous avons le fenne espoir que l'on pourra se procurer les moyens financiers necessaires aupres de la Banque internationale pour la reconstruction et la mise en valeur, et par d'autres moyens. Un paragraphe de la resolution soumise a l'Assemblee traite ce point tres important et fondamental. Une autre question d'importance primordiale To some extent this work is being dealt with by temporary badie!! in Europe at the present time. But some of these temporary bodies are not part of the United Nations Organization. They by no means cover the whole field of the problem presented by the devastated areas, nor does their membership include all European Member Nations of the United Nations. Thus, to strengthen the authority of the organization dealing with these bottle-necks and other problems, and Economic Commission for Europe was proposed. At the meeting of the Economic and Social Council last September, the representatives had not sufficient time to study the constitution of the proposed Commission; but at this meeting of the Assembly, the matter has received further attention and a good deal of study has been given to the general lines of the Commission's functions and objectives. It has come to light that the demand for such a Commission is very widespread. The idea is in no way to regionalize the consideration of problems which can properly be studied by the United Nations as a whole, but there is general agreement that there are a large number of problems which can be dealt with by a regional body coming under the general supervision of the Economic and Social Council. This is the basi~ of the principle of . the proposed Economic Commission for Europe. It has. from the first, been our earnest hope that an Economic Commission for Europe could be established, including in its membership all European Members of the UnitM Nations. That is still very much our desire. We eamel'tlv hope that the Soviet Union will add the great strength of its moral support to this Commission and participate actively in the important t~s~s that ~ie ahead of it. We hope that the UkraU:~lUn Sov~et Social~st Republic and the Byelorussmn SOVIet 'Socialist Republic will become members of the 11 ne s'agit en aucune maniere de faire ctudieT sur le plan purement regional des problemes qui peuvent parfaitement etre etudies dans leur ensemble par l'Organisation des Nations Unies elle-memej mais chacun reconnalt qu'il existe un grand nombre de problemes qui peuvent etre traites par un organisme regional place, d'une maniere generale, sous le controle du Conseil economique et social. Telles sont les bases sur lesquelles on propose d'etablir la Commission economique pour I'Europe. Depuis le debut, nous n'avons cesse d'esperer que 1'0n creerai~ une Commission economique pour l'Europe et que tous les Membres eufOpeens des Nations Unies en feraient partie. Nous le souhaitons toujours vivement. Nous esperons sincerement que ~n~on sovietique viendra renforcer cette Commission de tolJl: le poids de son appui moral et qu'elle par:ticipera activement aux taches importantes qUI aUendent la Commission. Nous esperons aussi que les Republiques socialistes sovietiques d'Ukraine The temporary bodies now acting in Europe have already received support from a large number of· countries, including Czechoslovakia and Poland. And the strong support given to the proposed Commission by these countrits at the present Assembly has been a source of considerable encouragement to us all. We trust that the Commission for Europe, which has been so eloquently sponsored in the course of the present Assembly, may :find its work crowned with success in the important and critical years to come. It is by no means suggested that Europe alone should be provided with an organization of this kind. A similar Commission for Asia and the Far East has also been endorsed in general terms by the Second Committee of this Assembly, in order that the problems of reconstruction of devastated areas in the Far East may receive similar consideration. No doubt this proposal will be further considered by the working party for Asia and the Far East, under the Sub-Commission for Devastated Areas, which is now commencing its work. We believe that, in this way, a satisfactory solution will be found for some of the great problems left by the war devastation in Asia and the Far East. We hope that this report will receive the unanimous support of the Assembly.

I call upon Mr. Lange, representative of Poland. Mr. LANGE (Poland): The resolution before us was unanimously adopted, without any abstentions, by the Second Committee of the General Assembly. The Polish delegation attributes great im- .portance to this resolution, because it considers that the reconstruction of devastated areas i<; very essential, not only to the inhabitants of these areas, but· also to the reconstruction of a sound world economy. We are perfectly aware of the fact that reconstruction of devastated areas does not cover all the important economic problems in which our Organization is interested. We know that besides this problem, there is another very im~ portant problem, that of undeveloped countries and of financial assistance toward their development. We ourselves are interested in this problem. Therefore, we consider the resolution on the reconstruction of devastated areas not to be in competition with these other economic problems, but rather as being complimentary to them, in a plan to promote the establishment of a sound world economy. We attach particular importance to two points in this resolution. It is well-known that the Le PRESIDENT: Je donne la parole a M. Lange, representant de la Pologne. M. LANCE (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais) : La resolution qui nous est soumise a ete adoptee a l'unanimite par la Deuxieme Commission. I1 n'ya pas eu d'abstention. La delegation polonaise considere ce projet de resolution comme tres important parce qu'elle estime que la reconstruction des regions devastees est une tache essentielle, non seulement en ce qui coneerne les habitants de ces regions, mais aussi en VUe du retablissement d'une economie mondiale saine. Nous avons parfaitement conscience du fait que la reconstruction des regions dCvastees n'est que l'un des importants problemes economiques qui interessent notre Organisation. Nous savons qu'outre cette question, il existe un probleme, egalement tres important, celui des pays insuffisamment developpes, et de l'aide financiere a leur donner pour leur developpement. Ce probleme-la nous interesse nous aussi. C'est pourquoi nous estimons qu'ils ne peut y avoir concurrence entre la resolution relative aux regions devastees et ccs autres problemes economiques; cette resolution a, au contraire, un caractere compIementaire et s'inscrit dans un plan tendant aetablir une economie mondiale saine. Deux points de cette resolution nous semblent particulierement importants. Il est notoire que We therefore welcome particularly the passage on the International Bank contained in the resolution. I refer to the passage which calls for the International Bank to come into full effective operation at the earliest possible date so that, in accordance with special functions laid down for the Bank in its Articles of Agreement. it may begin; early in 1947, to make the fullest possible contribution toward the needs of economic reconstruction. Another point in which we are particularly interested and to which I wanted to draw the attention of this Assembly is the reconunendation that the Economic and Social Council give prompt arid favourable consideration to the establishment of an Economic Commission for Europe, and an Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East. The idea of an Economic Commission for Europe was raised by the Polish representatives at the London Conference on devastated areas, which took place this summer. I want to thank all the delegations who supported this idea and voted unanimously for our resolution. Needless to say, although not directly interested, we pay great attention and attach great importance to the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, because we know that the reconstruction of Asia and the Far East is just as important for world economy as the reconstruction of Europe. In the name of our delegation, I would like to urge this Assembly to approve this resolution with the same unanimity with which it was passed in the Second Committee.

I have no more speakers on my list, nor have I received any proposal for an amendment to the resolution. 'If no one wishes to speak, I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimollsly. Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. 159. Draft Declaration on fundamental human rights and freedoms: report of the Joint First and Third Committee: resolution (document A/234) Le PRESIDENT: L'ordre du jour appelle la discussion sur le rapport de la Commission mixte des Premiere et Troisicme Commissions relatif au projet de Declaration Sur la liberte et les droits fondamentaux de l'homme (annexe . 64..).

The next item is the report of the Joint First and Third Committee concerning a draft Declaration on fundamental human rights and freedoms (annex 64). Le PRESIDENT: 11 n'y a plus d'orateurs inscrits. D'autre part, je n'ai re~u aucune proposition d'amendement a la resolution. .si personne ne demande plus la parole, je considererai que la resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a unanimite. 159. Projet de Declaration sur la libert·6 et les droits fondamentaux de I'homme. Rapport de la Commission mixte des Premiere et Troisieme Commissions. Resolution (document A/234) At the present second part of the first session, the General Assembly referred simultaneously to the Joint First and Third Committee, the draft Declaration submitted by the delegation of Panama on Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms. It was decided that the question should be discussed by the two Committees separately. After several discussions, and an interchange of agreements, the First and Third Committees recommend to the General Assembly the adoption of the following resolution: «The General Assembly, «Whereas the Economic and Social Council has established a Commission on Human Rights and has resolved that the work of the Commission shall be directed toward submitting proposals, recommendations and reports to the Council concerning an international bill of rights, "Resolves therefore to refer the draft Dec~ laration on Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms to the Economic and Social Council for reference to the Commission on Human Rights for consideration by the Commission in its preparation of an international bill of rights; and ((Expresses the hope that the question will be referred back to it in order that it may be included in the agenda of the second regular session of the General Assembly."

If no one wishes to speak, I shall consider the resolution as adopted unanimously. Decision: The resolution was adopted unanimously. J60. Application of Article 27 of the Charter (postponement of the discussion], Question of procedure concerning the debates

We have done our work so quickly this afternoon that many heads of delegations did not expect that the report on Article 27 of the Charter would be discussed now, and they are not present, although they intended to speak on this matter. I think that it would be advisable to postpone this question until the next meeting. Mr. VYSHlNSKY (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): The Soviet delegation attaches considerable impor- Le PRESIDENT: Si personne ne demande plus la parole, je considererai la proposition comme adoptee a l'unanimite. Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimitl. 160. Application de l'Article 27 de la Charte (renvoi de la discussion). Question relative Cl la procedure des debats. Le PRESIDENT: Nous avons mene nos travaux tellement rapidement eet apres-midi que plusieurs chefs de delegations ne s'attendaient pas a ce que le rapport sur I'Article 27 de la Charte ft1t discute maintenant, ,et ils ne sont pas presen~, bien qu'ils aient le desir de parler sur cette question. Je pense qu'il serait preferable de renvoyer cette question a la prochaine seance. M. VYCHINSKY (Union des RepubIiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): La delegation de I'Union sovietique attache une The Soviet delegation would therefore ask, particularly as its numbers are not complete today, that this matter be postponed until tomorrow morning's meeting, so that we may approach the study of this question seriously and responsibly, as befits its importance.

A request such as Mr. Vyshinsky's should, I think, always be taken into consideration, and I would say "yes" at once if a certain number of delegations had not already made preparations for their departure, which is fixed for Saturday. We therefore have only two more days in which to finish our work. If, in expressing its opinion on Mr. Vyshinsky's request, the Assembly could also decide that only three speakers should be allowed to speak in favour of the reports before us and three against, we could leave the discussion on the veto until tomorrow. If we cannot take a decision on this point, it will be very difficult to avoid holding a meeting this evening, if there is an important item on the agenda. I put forward this proposal because all the remaining items on the agenda have already been discussed at length and in public in the Committees, and every speaker has had the opportunity of expressing his views on the' points under discussion once or even several times. I think that my proposal at this stage in our work does not depart from the principles of freedom which we must respect. My proposal is a precise one: I suggest that, on all the reports to be approved by the General Assembly, a maximum number of three representatives should speak for and three against the resolutions. Mr. MAKIN (Australia) : I offer no objection" Mr. President, to the suggestion you have made" provided that the Nation that made the original. suggestion regarding this matter is included in the list of speakers on the question. The mover of the resolution has certainly some right to be heard upon such a matter; providing that that is understood, I would offer no objections to your suggestion. Mr. VYSHINSKY (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): The Le PRESIDENT: Je pense qu'il faut toujours prendre en consideration une demande comme celle de M. Vychinsky, et je dirais oui tout de suite si un certain nombre de delegations n'avaient deja. fait des preparatifs de depart, ce depart devant avoir lieu samedi. Nous n'avons donc plus que deux joumees pour achever nos travaux. Si l'AssembIee pouvait, en meme temps qu'elle se prononce sur la demande de M. Vychinsky, decider que trois orateurs seulement parleront pour et trois orateurs parleront contre les rapports qui lui sont presentes, nous pourrions alors remettre a demain la discussion sur le veto. Si nous ne pouvons pas prendre de resolution sur ce point, il nous est tres difficile de ne pas tenir de seance ce soir, s'il y a une importante question a l'ordre du jour. Je fais cette proposition parce que toutes les questions restant a l'ordre du jour ont deja et6 longuement et publiquement debattues au sein des Commissions, et chaque orateur a eu l'occasion de dire une fois et meme plusieurs fois tout ce qu'il pensait sur les points en discussion. Je pense que ce n'est pas manquer aux regles de la liberte que nous devons respecter que de faire, a cette phase de nos travaux, la proposition que je formule. Ma proposition est precise: je suggere qu'au maximum, sur tous les rapports que l'Assemb16e generale doit approuver, trois orateurs parlent pour, et trois orateurs parlent contre les resolutions. M. MAKIN (Australie) (traduit de l'anglais) : Je ne vois pas d'objection a la suggestion que vow; venez de faite, Monsieur le President, a la condition que la delegation qui a fait la proposition initiale a ce sujet soit comprise dans les trois orateurs prevus. L'auteur de cette resolution a certainement quelque droit a etre entendu sur un tel sujet; ceci etant admis, je n'aurai aucune objection a faire a votre suggestion. M. VVCHINSKY (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe) : La deIe~ The Soviet delegation thus agrees to the limition of speakers, but as we are determiJled to speak on this question, we are somewhat embarrassed to include ourselves among the three speakers.

There is no difficulty. I shall regard the representative of Australia as the first to speak for the motion, and the representative of the Soviet Union as the first to speak against it. Mr. VANDENBERG (United States of America): May I ask the President for a clarification? Assuming that the rule is adopted, what would happen if an amendment were submitted to a proposition?

A speaker who submits an amendment always has the right to defend it. If an amendment is proposed, three representatives can speak for it and three against it, but, of course, it is not essential that this maximum should be reached. Mr. CASTRO (El Salvador): My objection to the President's proposition is that there are some important matters that naturally lend themselves to a more lengthy discussion, and there are some matters about which there is a practically unanimous opinion. At this session. we have adopted unanimously and without discussion a number of resolutions, but there are some that are not likely to be adopted in such a speedy manner. Therefore, I reserve the right, as the representative of El Salvador, to make statements concerning questions that may be presented, even though in some cases my delegation may not take part in the debate. If this exception i.\, accepted, if inste~d of engaging in a lengthy debate, we recogmze the right of any delegation to make a specific statement expressing in detail the attitude of the delegation, I would have nu objection. Otherwise, I understand that there are two kinds of questions: the questions that are regarded as important, about which there have been great divergencies of opinion, and those questions in regard to which nobody has any specific objection. I think, therefore, that the two categories of questions should be treated in a different manner. For those upon which opinion is practically unanimous, it would be aJmost unnece~­ sary to have three speakers in favour, and three against. But in regard to those that arc important and that lend themselves to great differences of opinion, I think that there should be more Le PRESIDENT: n n'y a pas de ditnculte. Je considere le representant de l'Australie comme etant le premier orateur devant parler pour, et le representant de l'Union Sovietique comme etant le premier orateur devant parler contre. M. VANDENBERG, (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) (traduit de l'anglais): Puis-je vous demander un cclaircissement, Monsieur le President? A supposer que cette regIe soit adoptee, que se passerait-il si quelqu'un presentait un amendement a une proposition? Le PRESIDENT: L'orateur qui presente un arnendement a toujours la parole pour le defendre. Si un amendement est propose, trois orateurs pourraient parler pour et trois orateurs contre, ce qui, bien entendu, est un maximum qui ne doit pas necessairement ctre atteint. M. CASTRO (Salvador) (traduit de l'anglais): L'objection que je fais a la proposition du President est qu'il y a des questions importantes qui, par leur nature meme, peuvent donner lieu a des debats prolonges, et d'autres questions sur lesquelles l'unanimite est virtueUement faite parmi les Membres de l'Assemblee. Au cours de la pl~sente seance, nous avons adopte a l'unanimite et sans discussion un certain nombre de resolutions, mais il yen a d'alltres qui ne pourrant probablement pas ctre adoptees allssi rapidement. Par consequent, je me reserve le droit, en qualite de representant du Salvador, de faire des declarations sur les questions qui pourraient ctre presentees mcme si, dans certains cas, ma delegation ne peut pas prendre part au debat. Si cette exception est acceptee et si, au lieu de nous engager dans des debats pr,olonges, nous rcconnaissons a tOllte delegation le droit de faire line declaration precise exprimant son attitude de fa<;:on detainee, je ne ferai plus d'objection. Sinon, je comprends qu'il y a deux sortes de questions: celles qui sont considerees comme importantes et sur lesquelles il y a eu de grandes divergences d'opinions, et celles apropos desqueUes personne ne fait d'objection precise. Aussi je pense que les deux categories de questions devraient etre traitees chacune d'une maniere diff.erente. Lorsqu'il s'agit de questions SU~ le.squel1~s l'unanimite s'est pratiquement [mte, il seralt presque superflu de faire entendre trois orateurs pour et trois orateurs contre. En revanche, pour les questions importantes et qui. donnent lieu a de grandes divergences de M. NmTO DEL RIo (Chill): Je voudrais savoir, Monsieur le President, si la regIe que Mr. NIETO DEL RIO (Chile) (translated from French): Mr. President, I should like to know if the rule you have proposed will apply only to the veto question, or if it is general. I ask this because the delegation of Chile wishes to speak on the Spanish question. VOltS avez proposee s'applique seulement a la question du veto ou si eUe est generale. Je demande cela parce que la delegation chilienne desire intervenir sur la question espagnole.

I would not say that the proposal of the representative of El Salvador is of no value; but, in any case, it does not shorten our debate. It is when debates give rise to long discussion that it is advisable to limit the latter; the question does not arise when there is unanimous agreement in the Assembly. But when we do not agree, when the discussion threatens to become too long, it seems advisable to shorten it. It is when we are discussing proposals on which there is not agreement, that it would be desirable to limit the number of speakers to three for and three against. I was present at all the discussions in the First Committee on the Spanish question, which will come before the General Assembly tomorrow. I know that there are two different groups, one for and one against. VI/e must, I think, admit that the ideas of one representative may sometimes be expressed by someone else in a perfectly acceptable manner. Le PRESIDENT: Je ne dirai pas que la proposition faite par le representant du Salvador ne sert a rien; en tout cas, eUe n'abrege pas les debats. C'est lorsque les debats donnent lieu a une longue discussion, qU'il convient de limiter ceile-ci; la question ne se pose pas lorsque l'accord au sein de l'Assemblee est unanime. Mais, quand nous ne sommes pas d'accord, quand le debat risque d'etre trop long, il paralt utile d'abreger les discussions. C'est a propos des discussions de propositions, sur lesqueUes l'accord ne se fait pas, qu'il convient de limiter le nombre des orateurs it trois parlant pour et a trois parlant contre. l'ai assiste, au sein de la Premiere Commission, a tous les debats qui ont eu lieu sur la question espagnole, qui viendra demain devant l'Assemblee genera1e. Je sais que deux groupes differents existent, l'un pour, l'autre contre. Et il faut admettre, me semble-t-il, que parfois la pensee d'un representant puisse ~tre traduite par un autre que lui, et cela d'une maniere parfaitement acceptable. Je peux retirer la proposition que j'ai faite, si vous ne jugez pas pouvoir l'adopter, mais je crains que, si chacun veut donner son avis sur les trois questions importalltes d'ordre politique qui restent a discute - veto, Espagne, desarmement -les travaux de l'Assemblee ne durent au dela de samedi. Ma proposition est claire: sur chaque rapport, que! qu'il soit, trois orateurs pourraient parler pour, et trois orateurs contre. Si un amendement est presente, il pourrait etre soutenu par trois orateurs et combattu par trois autres. I can withdraw my proposal, if you feel that you cannot adopt it. But I am afraid that, if everyone wishes to express his opinion on the three important political questions which remain to be discussed-the veto, Spain and disarmament-the work of the Assembly will continue beyond Saturday. My proposal is clear: on every report, whatever it may be, three representatives may speak for the motion and three against. If an amendment is submitted, it may be supported by three speakers and opposed by three others. Mr. MAKIN (Australia): Mr. President, I request clarification of what you have just submitted. ~ do not know how the report dealing with the question of trusteeship will be presented. I would like to ask that, in regard to this matter, those mandatory Powers that are concerned in the report should not be excluded by reason of your ruling, from being able t~ take part in the debate and express their views upon those matters which are of such vital concern to them. Might I ask whether, in such a situation, a mandatory Power will retaiJ;l its rig-ht to speak upon that item which deals with the treaty relating to its trusteeship. M. MAKIN (Australie) (traduit de l'anglazs, . Monsieur le President, je voudrais des eclaircissements au sujet de ce que YOllS venez de suggerer. ]'ignore sous queUe forme sera presente le rapport relatif aux territoires sous tutelle. Je voudrais demander que, pour cette question, cdles des Puissances mandataires qu'interesse le rapport ne soient pas, du fait de votre decision, privees de la possibilite de prendre part aux debats et d'exprimer leurs vues Sur un sujet qui a, pour elles, une importance capitale. Pourraisje demander si, en pareil cas, une Puissance mandataire conservera son droit de parler sur le point precis de l'ordre du jour concernant l'accord relatif Et sa mission de tutelle?

I note that it is better not to try to suggest methods for shortening debates. It is better to allow matters to take their own COurse, and to Le PRESIDENT: Je constate qu'il est preferable de ne jamais proposer de moyens tendant a reduire les debats. Mieux vaut laisser aller les chases et prendre une decision au moment op- 161. Affirmation of the principles of interR national law recognized by the CharR ter of the Nurnberg Tribunal: report of the Sixth Committee: resolution (document A/236l The PRESIDENT (translated from French): The next item on the agenda is the discussion of the report submitted by the Sixth Committee, on the affirmation of the principles of international law recognized by the Charter of the Niirnberg Tribunal (annex 66). In the absence of Mr. Viteri Lafronte, the Rapporteur, I shall read the draft resolution: "The General Assembly, "Recognizes the obligation laid upon it by Article 13, paragraph 1, sub-paragraph a of the Charter, to initiate studies and make recommendations for the purpose of encouraging the progressive development of international law and its codification; 'Takes note of the Agreement for the establishment of an International Military Tribunal for the prosecution and punishment of the major war criminals of the European Axis, signed in London on 8 August 1945, and of the Charter annexed thereto, and of the fact that similar principles have been adopted in the Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the trial of the major war criminals in the Far East, proclaimed at Tokyo on 19 January 1946; "Therefore, "Affirms the principles of international law recognized by the Charter of the Niirnberg Tribunal and the judgment of the Tribunal; "Directs the Committee on the codification of international law established by the resolution of the General Assembly of 11 December 1946, to treat as a matter of primary importance plans for the formulation, in the context of a general codification of offences against the peace and security of mankind, or of an International Criminal Code, of the principles recognized in the Charter of the Niirnberg Tribunal and in the judgment of the Tribunal." If no one wishes to speak on this resolution, I shall consider it as adopted unanimously. was adojJted Decision: La resolution est adoptee a l'unanimite. Decision: The resolution unanimously.

I think it would be better to postpone the rest Le PRE:SIDENT: Je pense qu'il serait preferable de remettre la fin de l'ordre du jour a la seanc~ Nous pourrions, je pense, donner satisfaction a M. Vychinski, en traitant des mainten.ant les points 5, 6, et 7 de l'ordre du jour, et Je vous propose d'en terminer a la presente sean:e, ce qui nous eviterait de tenir seance cc SOlr. 11 n'y a pas d'opposition? 11 en est ainsi decide. Il est bien entendu que la discussion sur l'Article 27 est remise ademain. 161. Confirmation des principes de droit international reconnus par le statut de la Cour de Nuremberg. Rapport de la Sixieme Commission. Resolution (document A/236l Le PRESIDENT: L'ordre du jour appene l'examen du rapport presente par la Sixieme Commission, en vue de la confirmation des principes de droit international reconnus par le statut de la Cour de Nuremberg (annexe 6&). En l'absence de .M. Viteri Lafronte, Rapporteur, je donne lecture du projet de resolution: «L'AssembLee generale «ReconnaU l'obligation qui lui incombe aux termes de l'Article 13, paragraphe 1, alinea a de la Charte, de provoquer des etudes et de faire des recommandations en vue d'encourager le developpement progressif et la codification du droit international; «Prend acte de l'Accord relatif ala creation d'une Cour militaire internationale chargee de poursuivre et de chatier les grands criminels de guerre de l'Axe europeen, Accord signe ~l Londres le 8 aoo.t 1945, ainsi que du statut joint en annexe; prend acte egalement du fait que des principes analogues ont ete adoptes dans le statllt de la Cour militaire internadonale chargee de juger les grands criminels de guerre en Extreme-Orient, statut promulgUt a Tokyo, le 19 janvier 1946; «En consequence) «Confirme les principes de droit international reconnus par le statut de la Cour de Nuremberg et par l'arret de cette Cour; «Invite la Commission chargee de la codification du droit international, creee par la resolution de l'Assemblee generale en date du 11 decembre 1946, a considerer cornme une question d'importance capitale les projets visant a formuler, dans le cadre d'une codification generale des crimes commis contre la paix et la securite de l'humanite ou dans le cadre d'un code de droit criminel international les . . , pnnClpes reconnus dans le statut de la Cour de Nuremberg et dans l'arret de cette Cour." Si personne ne demande la parole sur cette resolution, je la considererai comme adoptee a l'unanimite. . The meeting rose at 7 f).m. FIFTY-SIXTH PLENARY MEE'r1NG Held on Wednesday, 11 December 1946, at 8.15 p.m. CONTENTS Page 162. Relief needs after the termination of UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration): report of the Second Committee: resolution .... 1145 163. Conditions on which Switzerland may become a party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice: report of the Sixth Committee: resolution '" ... 1156 164. Establishment of an International Children's Emergency Fund: report of the Third Committee: resolution 1157 Acting President: Mr. V. K. Wellington Koo (China) .

At the request of our Presi. dent, Mr. Spaak, who was called away by an unavoidable engagement, I have the honour to preside at this meeting, and I count on your cooperation, as you have always co-operated with Mr. Spaak. 162. Relief needs after the termination of UNRRA {United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration>: report of the Second Committee: resolution (document A/237)

We shall now discuss the report of the Second Committee concerning relief needs after the termination of UNRRA (annex 67) . I call upon Mr. Sanjines, representative of Bolivia, Rapporteur. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Nous allons discuter le rapport de la Deuxieme Commission sur les besoins d'assistance apres la cessation de l'activitCde l'UNRRA (annexe 67). Je donne la parole a M. Salljines, representant de la Bolivie, Rapporteur. M. SANJINES (Boli.vie), Rapporteur: le vais donner lecture de la resolution contenue dans le rapport de la Deuxieme Commission concernant les besoins d'assistance apres la cessation de l'UNRRA, rapport qui a ete adopte par la Commission a l'unanimite. Cette resolution est la suivante: «LJAssemblee genirale., rrprenant acte de la resolution No 100 du Conseil de l'UNRRA en date du 16 aout 1946, et de la resolution connexe adoptee par le Conseil economique et social le 30ctobre 1946; Mr. SANJINES (Bolivia), Rapporteur (translated from French): I shall now read the resolution embodied in the Second Committee's report conceming relief needs after the termination of UNRRA, this report having been unanimously adopted by the Committee. The resolution reads as follows; "The General AssemblYJ "Taking note of the UNRRA Council resolution (No. 100) of 16 August 1946, and of the .related resolution adopted by the Economic and Social Council of 3 October 1946; "Recognizing that certain countries will need financial assistance in 1947 to provide for imports of food and other basic essentials of life; « Reconnaissant que certains pays auront besoin, en 1947, d'une assistance financiere pour couvrir leurs importations de denrees alimentaires .e~ autres prlncipaux produits de premiere necesslte; La seance est levee a19 heures, CINQUANTE-SIXIEME SEANCE PLENIERE T enue le mercredi 11 dJcemb"e 1946, a20 h. 15. TABLE DES MATIERES Pagu 162. Besoins d'assistance apres la cessation de l'UNRRA (United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration): Rapport de la Deuxieme Commission. Resolution. 1145 163. Conditions al.lxquel1es la Suisse peut devenir partie au Statut de la Cour internationale de Justice: Rapport de la Sixieme Commission. Resolution 1156 164. Creation d'un Fonds international de secours a l'enfance: Rapport de la Troisieme Commission. Resolution ..... 1157 President par interim: M. V. K. Wellington Koo (Chine) . Le PRESIDENT (traduit de lJanglais): A la demande de M. Spaak, notre President, retenu ailleurs par un cas de force majeure, j'ai I'honneur d'assumer la presidence de cette seance. Je compte sur votre collaboration qui n'a jamais fait defaut aM. Spaak. 162. Besoins d'assistance apres la cessation de I'UNRRA {United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration}. Rapport de la Deuxieme Commission. Resolution (document A/237)