A/40/PV.108 General Assembly

Mr. Nikolai Ronstantinovich Tarasov has accardingly t6ceiV6d the required absolute majority in the General Assembly, I have conveyed the results to the Prasident af the Sezurfty Council and I have received from him the follavfng letter: *I have the hanour tc? inform you that at the 2632nd meeting of the Security Ccwncil, held on 3 December I.985 far the purpose of electing a member of the international Court af Justics to fill the vacancy resulting from the cesignatfon of Judge Platon Dimitrievich Morozov on 23 August 1985, an akx3slute majority of votes was obtaFned by the fallowing candidate: Mr. Nikolai Konstantinovich Taras~v.~ (The President) As a result csE the wt;ing which has taken place independently in the General Asselably and in me Seaurity CtPuncilt Mr. Nikolai Konstantimvich Tarasav QE the Union af Soviet Socialist: Republias, having obtained an absc~lute majority off votes in both Organs, has been elected a member aE the International Court oE Justice for a term oE office axpining on 5 February 1988. x take this oppcrrtunity to extend to him the congratulations of the Assembly. 1 should also like TV thank the tellers for their assistance. We h&e thus wnaluded QUO wnsideration of sub-item (c) of agenda item 15. ArnDA ITEal 31 CMWERATION BEFWEEN Tm3 UNITY NATXONS AND THE ASXAN-AFRICAN LINAL C~NSULTATSVE COMMITTEE (a) REPC)RT OF TEE SECREI'ARY-GENERAL (A/'40/?43) (b) DRAFT RESQWTXON (A/40/L.37) The PRESIDENT (interpretation from Spanish) t Ln accordance with General Assembly resolution 35/2 of 13 October 1980, I now call on the Secretary General of the Asian-Af r ican Legal Consultative Ccmmi ttee, Mr. SEN (Secretary General, Asiai~African I&gal Consultative Committee (AALa?.) ) : Please allaw me at the matset to convey to you, Mr. President, OR behalf of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee I *UK sincere felicitations on your unanimous election a6 tPe President of the General Assembly in this forfA.eizh anniversary year of the United Nations. We have witnessed with admiration your guiding hand steering the debates at this morwntoue session in a dynamic fashion; yau have even spared the time to receive the numerous dignitaries and other vi6 itors in your inimitable, gracious way c which has contributed so much to the 5ucces5 of the session. Resolution 36/38 of the General ?ksembLy, adopted in 1981, calling for closer co-operation in wider areas between the United Nations and the AALCC has had a (Mr. F&n, Secretary-General, AAxtcC) a sfgilificant impace on ths oankinuing reLatfcrns bet~ween @WI f3a3 0rgdzatfsnh which has already hot ne fituitful results, au ifi evident from the report of the Secretary-Gfmxal of the mited Natiotre. We have bmked up the General AM@~~Y resolution af3 a two-way atzeet in promoting a new pattern of co-operation that would involvs the wider interest of the U&ted Nat$,ons in ow: activities on the on@ hand and our role supper tive of United Nations efforts in va.r ious fields on the other e I believe WB have been able to make significant grogreaa in both directions. Tha premm? of the &gal Counsel representing the Secretary+eneral at our last session, held in Katmandu in February thiu year, together with th@ representatives of the United Nations organs and agencies directly concerned with the agenda items under discussion at that session, was of considerab1.e impottanc@ in enhancing the co-ogxxation between the United Natiens nnd the AALCC. We8 for our part, have taken steps to orient our work programme in a manner to complement the ongoing efforts of the United Nations in several important areas, including those in the field of law, the environment, the protection of refugees and eaonmic developnen t . The decrision cf our Katmandu session on the preparation of a study on the functional mdalities of the United Nations as a part of our.contribution to the fortieth anniversary year has indeed brought out the keenness of our member Governments to promote a wider interest in the improved functioning of the United Nations bbtelf, a matter on which attention has been focussed in the successive annual reports of the Secretary-General himsel.f. 1n this study we have attempted a broad assessment of the activities of the United Nations over the past: 39 years in such major areas as the nuintenance of international paace and security, economic co-operation, humanixar ian and social issues P deculanization and the progressive development of international law, and this has Led us to the conclusian that an (Mr. Sen, Searetary-Genaral, AALCC) over-all review of the working of the United Nations reveals qreaker area8 of prc?gress and effective action through the work of tke Grgenization than the popular impression would eeem to bear out. We have tried to pinpofnt the areae where an improveaent in the functioning of the Organisation could be foreseen within the frafnewurk of the existing provisions of the Charter, inaluding suizh mattera as the pattern of negotiation on eaonomic issues p the implementat+on of the General Assembly resolutions and also the procedural modalities. . . It fs a matter of gratfffcatian that 52, States representing the various regional groups, inuluding four permanent members of the Security Council, have deemed it fit ts sponsor the request for a eerious consideration of the study by the General Assembly made in a letter addressed to the Secretary-General by Ambassador Ismat T. Kittani, the Permanent Representative of Iraq and a former President of the General Assembly. We sincerely hope that, In the climate created by the fortieth anniversary commemoration for a recommitment to the principles and purposes of the Charter d same objective thinking would emerge in revitalizing the machinery af the Wnited Nations through an improvement of its functional modalities as an important initial step. WC are considering the question of establishing an informal open-ended warking group for in-depth consultations on the ideas and suggestions put forward in our study (A/40/726) in conjunction with the very useful report found in dcxument A/40/377. It will be aur endeavour to present to the General Assembl:? the results of these consultatfgns at the forty-first session under the item on co-operation between the United Nations and the AALCC ana other relevant items. Without repeating what has already been stated in the report of the Secretary-General, I would like to make a few observations on the background and our thinking in regard to some of the specific areas where effective co-operation has been achievea between the United Nations and the AALCC. (Mr. Sens Swrekary4eneralr AwltcC) I wwld like ta begi% if I may, with the law of the aear sinau this is an area where not mly hm the etate of co-operatios~ between Oh6 United NatfQne rind Productive a& well. We have been aatiwly engaged Sn thfa field since the year 1970 under a pmgramw which W&B memt to asrsfst &s&an &WI iafriam Coverrtxents to play a meaningful role in the negotiatians at the Third United Nations Conferenae. But in the caurse of time cxw Comtttee, whether at its regular annual sessions, at interees&tonal se&tags or in vorking groupsI has emerged as an bupartant forum for interregional coneultatisns fn working out coaprmise sQilutims on rJ%eeraL intbate issues1 suah as the r&ginre of straita, the exolusbwe auoncmi~ tme, the rights and interests of land-lucked Statea and the international sea-bed area. It waaa therefore, with a great deal of satierfactian that we welcmmd the conclusian of the Canvention in 1982, (Mr. Ben, secretary-General, AArJcC) * SIncs then aur work programme in this field has been oriented towards aesfoting Gavernxects ta reap the pra&Acal benefits under the new order of the Weans and in suggesting ~oPuficsns and working cut mda2ities where the text Qf the Convention does nat appear to be mmpPetely olear. In this prolcess we have initiated studies in kx2me c2f the crucial areas, such ac; delimitation of marftime ZO~QB between States, apposite and adjacent, the right of access of land-locked States to and from the sea and the determination of the allowable catch of litring rescmxes fsr Xand-locked States in the exclusive ecanamic mnes, In addition to the preparation of We1 legislation on fisheries and umdal agreements far farefgn fishing within the exclusive economic mnes, inoluding the framework far jaint-venture atrangements. We have also tried to make sQme concrete inputs to the wcxk af the Preparatory Comxfasfon, especially in regard ta its work in preparing for the enterprise. The Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-Ganeral for the Law of the Sea at the United Nations Secretariat has kept in close touch with our work and it has cantributed a great deal to the study of specific issues through its participation in our Tokp and Katmandu sessions, held in 1983 and 198s reapeceively. It might perhaps be mentioned that an tmportant area in which active colla'-loration between the Office of the Law of the Sea and the AALCC could be meaningful and productive for the future is that af assisting Gavernments to adopt for themselves regional plans and praqrammes and puuling their resources for optimum utilizatian of khe wealth af the Oceans, bath living and non-living, in ccetfcxmity with the provisiuns of the Convention. we have already made a beginning In relation ta the resources of the Endian Ocean thraugh the preparatian of studies and the crrnvening of an informal meeting last year with the various agencies actively engaged in the technical aspects of exploration and preservation of marine Pesml rces * The programmes initiated by those agenciesr if duly co-ordinated, could (Mr. Seno Secretary-General* AAWC) he&p provide in a systematic fashion a woal.th of inforknaticrn and mterial, as well as te&nical assistance, On whiah regional co-aperation could be built to ensure an orderly devefopent of the necessary fnfraatruature and the optimum utilizatiOn of the resources of the sea. Xt is necessary to emphasize* howeverc that in order ts! aahieve fruitful results adequate canaultations in an in-depth fashion between the COUntPies of a region or subregion have ta he promted ae a first step and appropriate initiatives by the law-crf-the-aea office itself at this stage might perhaps prove to be a stap in the right direction. We for cpur part wouPd be prepared to @cr-operate fully Pn any such effort. Another area in whioh we have tried to play a supportive role in the efforts of the United Nations is that of international ecx?nomfc co-operation for development. We had been doing work in this field in a modesti way since the declaration of the first Pevelopment Decade c through the preparation of standard contracts on ca&ities, and this was gradually extended to other areas with our pnrtiaipation in the work of the United Nations Canferance on Trade and Revelapment (mm) and the United Nations Industrial Development Organtzatian (UNIN] and the establishment of close working links with the United Nations Commisaian On Xntarnattonal Trade Law (UNC?TRAt) l Qur present work programme includes dissemination of information an the wcxk af those bcxIie6 with a view ta generating d.der support for their recommendations on such matters as commaditios, indu6tri3Pization, shipping, model faw on arbitration and several other items. Since tha eleventh special session of the General Assembly, held in 1980, our attention has primarily foCusedf, following the rfXommendation5 0P kw2 ministerial JWetingS held under our auspices, on assisting Governments on certain technical aspects of the proposed global negotiations and, more recently, nn promating a CliJnat@ for the wider flow of trade and investmerlis to the developing ~~?untries of uuf rsgfon in d praatilaal fashion. To th&t end we have drawn up @cd&i for bilateral investment groteotion. agreements for coneSderatfon by interested Governments. We have also fmplmented a sahsme for: the eettleraent of disputes in eaonmia rind comerccfal transactianQ wh.iah has included the establishraestt of two regiional aentres far arbitratdon, locrated in Kuala Lunipur and Cairo. We have undlertivken a pragrame for exahange af infmmatton fn regard ta the induNria1 sec&ar cm such matters as the type of projsats where foreign fnvestmnt would be . w0laome, a8 al80 on the laws I regulatfcns and incmntfves offered to pccmmte investment. WB sponsored a neetfng in December last year fn New York, and we propose to do l the sam again during the preeent week , to bring faao to face a group of prospective investors with the representatives of fntarented Governments in a dfalcque to dfsauas suuh matters as climate of investment, madalities for collaboration, including joint venture arrangementsc investment incentives, and some aspects of fnvestient protection through insurance aowr or bilateral treaties. The meeting held Last year was attended by two of the Vice-Presidents of the World Bank and the representatives of scan of the United Nations agencies engaged in the field. It is our expeotatfon that the same support wiPl be forthcoming from the Bank and the United Hations agencies for our meetfng this year also. Considering the grave implication of the debt cri~is~ es*aially far tihe developing cmmt~iesr we are nuw in the process of preparing detailed studies in this regard to find ways and means to arrive at a reasonabile sobutiun of the problems involved. The report of k3-w Gecrefxry-General has already drawn atfentfon to the measures that we have takan tc Eurther the work of the Sixth Commff;t;ee and to promote the wlider use of the International Caurt of Justice. I should like to say a wsd or two on our initiative desitjned to focus attentim on the facilities (MP c San, Swretary-GenaraX AALCC) offered by the Csurt for erettling legal disputes of whfch State8 parties could avail themselves fn preferrtnae to res;orti.ng TV arbitration tribunals. Although the International Court of SuatPce WB designated in the Charter a grfnaipal organ ef the United Natfetns, the experience of the past 40 years has ahown that Statasr hava generally been reluatant ta acoept ttf3 earopulGbrY jurbsdiation without extensive resaruatfans. Furtherlaore# the faot that in same insrtanaes the Caurtra jurisdiction was invoked for purpusaa other than settlement of lsqaf dStq&ttes added tt the climate of relugtanae to have rt%xzurse ts acrmpulsory pr64odures. It was in this context that the legal a.dviaers of our Member State& 8t d m&M.ng held in New Pork in lcrvember 1983, same to the aoncluoian that the future of the Court lay in resolving disputes referred to it under a aompramt#a and th&t the new rules af the Court which contemplate simpler prorJedures and the aonatftution of chambers would enhance the utility of the Court. Thi& i8 alsQ in conformity with the freedom of choice of the means for the peaceful settlement of intarnatiional disputes, In our paper (A/40 6821 we have tried to bring out the akGkagse that crcruld be sbttained by ~esmt tx% the Court in term8 of cQst:Br expertise and finality of the judgment as campared to the other mdnXities that aould be used of for settlement of legal disputes between States. It hasi however, been CXN experience k:hat many states have not yet been made fully aware af the Procedures and Lmprovementa made by the new rules and that it might prove useful if sOme kind of a colloquium could be arranged at a auftabl,e ti 5 and opport:unity for the purpxm of dfsseminating infsrmation, as well as to promote an excchange of views. Mriaa* a in relatfon to Mriaa tn f%ch fieldo as 6?e env%rownt, eewmdc fievelqpuent aid Waining of persannel, whfeh wuld bs wxp&.cive of the UniOed Nationa effcwte in Chow repreeentatfve of Nepal, :&o will intmdwe the &aft resolution. (Wr, Smu, Semetary-Genersl k&IN) Mr. RANA (N,epal) : As current Chairman af the A&m-African Legal Cansultattve Com&ttee (AAXC)c my delegation has the honour to convey the Coumittee’s apprmziatfon eu the Secretary-GenePal for his report on so-operation between the United Nations and the Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee (A/40/743). Similarly, we arc grateful to Mr. Senp the Seuretary-General of tha AALCC# for his introductory statement, which further elaborated upon the nature and purpose of co-aperative relatims between this world OrganizaWm and what is today one of the most representative regional bodice dealing with international law. The Asian-African Legal Consultative Committeer which consists of 40 member States of Asia and Africa as well as several obaervers representing countries from other continents, was accorded permanent observer statue by the General Assembly in 1980. Dusing its five-year association with the United Nation&, the AALCC has been performing a valuable role of support for the United Nations, through seminars and studies on a number of crucial areas of concern to the United Nations. At this juncture I do not wish to go into the details of the work programme of the Committee, which includes its commitment and contributions to the progressive development and aodffication of international law. That sector@ a~ all of us realize very well, is technical yet vital and is finked inextricably to the ongoing endeavours of the united Nations truly to ensure an international order based on the lofty purposes and principles of the Charter. L believe, however, that h back understanding of the work of the AAIXC can be obtained from the pragrame of work adopted by the Committee at its twenty-fourth sessionl held at Katmandu in February thf.s year. To recall briefly, the Com.mittee, besides deliberating on issues of regional significance, decided to prepare a study on strengthening the role of the United Nations through rationalization of functional modalities with seference tc~ the General Assembly. That endeavour undertaken as an expreseion of our abiding faith in the: ~nitad Nations system, is aertsinly tiruely in the context sf the commamoration of the fortieth anniversary of the United Nations, Xt pravidcs an ana2ytioa~ overview of the funotioning of the United Nations, and the General Assembly in particular, over the past 40 years. The study has beer issued a9 document A/40/326 for the consideration elf the General AsmRbly . Simflarly, the Asian-African Legal Csnsultative Committee has also carried out a study oti measures designed to pram&e more extensive use of the Xnternatianal Court of Justice and ways and means to enhance the effectiveness of the Sixth Committee of the General Assembly. Likewise, the Committee has served as an important forum for inter-regional consuUzatfon an the law of the sea, in working out eampromfse sslutions for several intricate issuas such ae the rbgims of straits, the exclusive economic zone, the rights and interests of land-locked States, and international sea-bed areas. The Committee has also played a role in support of the efforts of the United Nations ragardfng international ecclnamic co-operation for development f through preparation of standard contracts on carramodities. Another important achievement of the work of the Committee in the past year relates to the study on ZCXI~S of peace in international lawc in the cantext sf my country’s prap?saL that Nepal be declared a zone of peace. The first part of the study, presented ak the Katmandu session# is to be further elaborated for consideration by the Ccmittee’s twenty-fifth session, early next year. Although the issue is not directly related ta agenda items of the fortieth session of the GeneraP Assembly 4 it has clear relevance to the broad question af international peace and security, which is crf compelling concern to t,he world body. In any (Mr. Rana, NeWl) caaer an authhoritative etudy an the concept of a tringla narticm a8 a mm3 of WaWrdeVelopvrd within Me ftcamwork of international, law - such a. study as the Coprpittee is undertaking at preslent - should not only be of acade~lia interest I but ahdd alao wnratiht~ a modest new addition to existing concepte of ways and means of Ilemming tension and improving the alimte of international peace and se@utitY. Thus, NeW attaches gr@at isQDrtanc@ to the work of the AA&CC, which will be obseKVing its silver anniversary next year. At this time I deem ft fit to pay a tribute to the Cmmittee’s capable and dedicated Secretary-General, NE. Sen, who, much to our regret, plans to retire, next year after 15 years of distinguished service as Secretary43eneral. I know I am not guilty of exaggeration in saying that Mr. Sen has been greatly responsible not only for steering the work of the Cslnrnittee thrwgh its difficult foratative years but indeed for the high status that the Cwxuittes enjoy8 today in internatimal law circles. Moreover, that is not limited only to Asia and Africa. We art thus fully amfident that the ever-deepening relations of m-operation betwsen the Unitad Nationa and the A&CC - cdridr the draft resolution before us in docxugant A/40,4%,37 Ieeko ta propQte - will yield positive results for all. I therefoge have the great pleamare of presenting to the General Assecnbly that draft resolution on oo-o~ration beW@en the United Nations and the Asian-African Legal Conaulkative Cmmittee, on behalf of Australia, Bmgladesh, China, Cyprus, EgYPt, India, Indonesia, the ltsS.~mPc Republic af Iran, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, the Libyan Arab Jamah iriya, HaPaye fa , New Zealand, Oman, Pakistan, the Philippines, Qatar, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Thailand and my own country, Nepal. In view of the many excellent, and non-cc43 trovers ial , elements ccntained in the draft resolutionr 1 request that it be aciupted by the General Assembly by consensus. Mr. LEE (Canada)r I w$eh at the outset to congratulate PSrr Sen, the Seuretary-General of the Asim-African Legal Qxwultativa Committee (AAUW, on hie statement. We have noted with interest the idea he put forward for informal open-ended study of the paper contained in document A/46/726. P4y delegation has taken note with interest a&u of the statement made by the representative of Nepal in introducing draft resolution A/4O/L.37. My delegation does indeed look forward . - to its adoption by consensus. I have the honour to address the Assembly today under agenda item 318 YCo-operation between the United . :Wzions and the Asian-African Legal Consultativs Commd ttee” , on behalf of the delegations of Australia, Austria, Denmark, Finland, ftaly, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway‘ Spain, Sweden and Canada. My statement will relate also to agenda item 10, “Report of the Secretary-General on the work of the Organization” . (Mr n Leer Canati) We have been greatly stm3c by douuwent A/40/726, olroufaked ka the General &Sf%blgr ei~titled *Str~gtheninq the 8~I.e of the United Natfeno th;hrwgh Ratfomli~aticm of Punctiuml Mmklftfea with epeuial reference to the General Assembly”. This PS an ewlnple of the beat ty)?e of co-operation between the United Na ticm and another body. Indeed, we believe that the report, both in ite intent and i@ substance8 makee, a significant and valuable cmtibbutiaa TV our continuing efforts to improve the stzueturo and fumtianing of the United Naticms in order u enable the Organfzation to deal mm@ effectively with the aubetantive fsouerr which are before it. fn reviewing the reports we were gratified to realize that in SriCt it garallelo the direation of a number of other reform suggestions which have WRH fmmzd in the United Natians cxmmunity, partly in the context of the EQrtbth setlsicm of the C&nersl &mmblys and in whicfi our delegations as well a8 a number: of other countries have a particular interest, The need to rational-Am the prceessr and procedurea of the United Wtione,+ inaluding the General ArrselPbly, has of aoume been eqhastaed on many Q@amione OvBt the past 40 yeaE8, and from time to the measures hawa been adopted to pronmte this cbjeutive. Esspxts on the implementation of these measures have shown that quite a number h.we in fact been successfully u&r ried thrwgh to quad effect, while many other measures remain inoperative in tiole or in part. Di&CUQB ions conkfnue in several forums at the present time on additional steps which might be taken, and there have indeed been spilrcffic recent initiatives. In addikion ts tie I+ALCC *pen: D there is the very intereeting and useful report produced last spring by several farmer Presidents of the Caneral As8ar>ly, to be found in do.Cumenk A/40/377. We noQt? that khe Charter Commfttzee has the item on its agenda. Also we note f&e positive remarks 0~1 &is subject m3de at the autset of the session bY YOU, Mr. Presfdentr alunq wiul useful suggestions that the matter be dfseussed in the General Cammiftee. Earlierr t of CoLUzBe, there were the proposals made by tie fit-s (Mr. &ear Canada) Wrdfa countriao arxd crirau.Xated TV the United Natbms in dacumant Af38/271 of Sune 1983, In his annual ~eprrt on the wc% k of the Orqanizatton for X984 e the Seamtary-General of the mited C&~etms drew aetenrticn to the relatlmship h@t:wsen rrrocodure and eubstancein the united Nations, In partiaular he asked whether t&Sting ~raat~aes coulmd be imgravad tco enhanm the search EOE solutions ad CQntC it;uts to the credibiPity of tho Clrqanfzatisn at a time, when it is under attaak, The Searetary-GeneEar said 3 “What needs to be studied in the Piqht of axperienca is wlretber present ptzaatiaes in the United Nations me in,all instances best suited to prQQ@ts conctate and just solutions and strengthen confideme in an Brganization the essence of which is its universality ..a For the gesc8d ofi all, as well as of ths United Nations Itself, we shwld assess very carefuLly the Rtost effective and cotract method af using the Qrqanizatim . . . The non-i.mplementation of remlutions, a8 well as their proliferation, has tended to downgrade the seriousness with &ich Qovernmants and the public take the deaisi~s Of the United Nationa. Very often the only outccm of auah a grmerps irr to ask the Secretary-General. to make yet another report e0 the next semian, thus perpetuating a stalemate which) to be resolved, requires governmental and intergovernmental action. This pcocess, and the almost automatic repetition of some agenda items and debates, is expnsive and time-consuming both in terms aE meetings and doeumentationr as well as often being ineffectiV@ fn terms of practir=al results. I believe that such tendencies have been debil.iCatPny to the effcxts of tbhc Organfzatfon fn tie cause of peace and eesnomic co-aperation. 1 hope that Member Statzs, even during tha for~%@onainq session of the General Assembly, will give serious timught to the best way of &incjj business.” (n/39/1, p* 2) .Tn the light of the !3ecretary-General% commt~, and in the context of the fortieth anniversary of the United Nations, the deregations for whom X have the tnonour to speak began a proaess of oeflection arrd consultation u&m practical steps wlBich tight be taken to imprwe the way the United Nations qxxetesr with a view ta nraking it more effective a53 an infstrucnent ta carry out the purpe%es and pEincfpleS of the Charter l The intention wae to detsermine whether general agireement could be reached CM Qperating measures which, cxvze implemented, would make it easier tQ traMlate into aoncrete action that degree of polftfeal will which at a given point of time may exist on any ma jar issue of the day. Over many mnthe Eram the beginning of this year, 1985, our delegations consulted informally, both in the context of the footieth anniverSary and, more broadly, with a large majority of the Members af the United Nations, as well as with the Secretariat, on a liet of possible ste:eps of this kind. We were, and teamin, open ti the views of all delegations , and indeed nwdified cm appr Qach, in general and in specific terms, to take accxxu~t of views coming from the whole spectrum of opinions represented in the General Aeeembly. In repotting to this Aeeembly today cn our deiibsrationer we should underline cut recognition that, just as there has over the years been no monopoly on Pracedural wisdom, eu there are by ncm few new possibilities among our euggestione and conclueione. Scxne of the Proposals have already been agreed to but not fully car c Fed cut ; others have been cansidered but mt yet tried. Yet others m3y appear here for the ffrbt time in this precise form. Implementation of each may represent fan: all OUT delegations the acceptance c-f a restraint cn QW unfettered freedom tc manoeuvre. Our group of countries is prepared to accept this restraint in the cOmmOn interest and would hope that other delegations miqht in their own larger interest also be prepared to do so, Turning I then, to specific measures which we believe could be taken quickly in order to improve tAe functi.cxIing of the United Nations with particular reference to the General Aese~Ay, wo would EiPePt recall cueolutisn 2837 (XXVII of lg7Ar deoiakm 34/4OA of A979 and rarsolution 37167 of 1902, all of which cefleut the need to stcenqthen the capacity of the United rations to fulfil the effeative and deaifsive coAe envisaged by the Chactec. We would urge that ‘all &die@ and organs within the United Nations system take carracete step!8 to improve their functioning and etceamline their operatians 80 a8 to facilitate IY)PB detailed and effective consideration of the slubsltantive iesluebt which coa& before them in the couc6e of their: work. We would call upon the President of the general Agsembly and Chairmen of all the BBin Caromitteaa and aubaidiacy ocganEp to take conocete acticm to improve the functioning of the United Nations, inter alia, through the implexnentation of measures outlined pactloulacly in deoieion 34/401 on the Raticmalization of the Procedrrc(tlO and Bcganiratioa of the anera Aasersbty, and” ntOre specifically, in view of tie heavy schedule the United Nation8 now fauesr to ensure the punctual coarasncement of sahe&Aod meetings. We would c eat firm the role of the General Cammi ttee in advancing the war k of the Osneral kseably in aacordmae with the rules of proaedure and the annexes thereto. In this ragacd we call upon the Genarst Committee to group items in order to facilitate their consideration in the General Assembly, aa outlined in annexes V and VIS to the rubee of proceduee. We would reaffirm that substantive items before the General Assembly should, as a general practice be discussed in the %ain Committees rather than in plenary I and we would invite the C*nsral Committee to take this general practice fully into account when recommending measurea regarding the organization of the future work of the Assembly. We would request that the General. Committee take dixect respansfbility for the co-ordinaticn and implementation of measures it forward to improve tP~e functlonfng of the %zneral Assembly, both nok, and in future yeara. We wuld propose that: there be an appropriate amendment to the rules of procedure limiting the length uf speeches on agsnda items other than in the general debate to 20 minutes in plenary meetings and 15 minutes in the Main Commfttees. In addition, statements in exercise of the right of rep1.y should be limited to two interventions of five minutes each per agenda item at a given meeting. We would also request Me&r States to co-operate with a view to reducing repetitive resolutions and the reports they engender on routine suatters of relativsly low priority in the General Assembly, both in plenary meetings and in the Main Committees. We would urge the implementation of consecutive schedules of work for the Fourth Committee and the Special Political Committee, in accordance with the suggestions contained in the yeport of the Special Committee on the Charter of the United Nations and on the Strengthening cf the Role of the Organisation presented to the General Assembly at its thirty-eighth session* We would call upon the Main Committaes actively to es&mine their working methods with a view to levelling work-loads among these committees and, following on the initiative of the Second Committee, establishing a biennial programme of work for the appropriate agenda items and, where appropriate, for subsidiary organs. We would encaurage the de facto selection of officer8 for the General Assembly, its Main Committees and subsidiary organs in advance of all meetings in order to facilitate the farmulation of work programmes and increase time fQr consideration of substantive issues, Me would encourage the establishment of temporary task forces or ad hoc -- groups, rather than the creation or extension of permanent bcdies, for dealing with short-term substantive issues in plenary meetings, the Hain C.ommittece and subsidiary organs. Finally @ WE! wotild request the Secretary-General to give an account, in his report on the work of the Organisation, QE the progress m&de in regard tcp these and other improvements which we believe aould be of signifiaant benefit in enabling the Organization more effectively to address the pressing aubstanttve Pssuea before it. All these proposals, dnaluding those put forward by out group of countries, are in one way OE itnether aimed at finding and implementPng means ta make the United Nations more QfQctive in the searoh for peace and development, for seaurity and equality, far freedom and the rule of law. They all reflect that it is timely to give impetus to specfifier steps which will help to improve the funationing of the Crganiaation. Et is to that end that our delegations intend to pursue efforts to improve the funotioning of the United Nations, in co-operation with all other delegations, and in this regard we would ask that the General Committee take up these matters at an early date. The PRESXUENT (interpretation from §panLsh)r May I take it that the General Assembly adopts draft resolution A/4O/L.377 The draft resolution was adopted (resolution 40/601.

I shall now call on those representatives who wish to explain their position on the resolutfon just adopted. Such atatements should not exceed 10 minutes and should be made by representatives from their seats. Mr, RISKER (United States of America) : We were particularly pleased to join in the consensus on this resolution. Our pleasure derives in general from the can~tructive rol.e of the Asian-African Legal Cansultative Ccrmmittee over the years and in particular from the study referred to in paragraph 3 of the resolution. There is, of coursep material in the study with which we do not entirely agree; nevertheless we regard it as one of the most thoughtful documents placed before this fortieth anniversary session. The portions of the study dealing with the functioning of the General Assembly are a model of the constructive approach. (Hr. Rianer, United States) ALP who halfewe in the rule of the General Assembly ehould be guided by theee roc~ndations. We how all members of the Assembly will study the recommendations concerning the function$ng of the Aesembly. We are prepared to uo-Qperate in the General Ccmmittee, the Charter committee and elsewhere in an effurt to have these recommendations become the quidelinss for the wutk of the Assembly. Mr. QERZHUNXKIDZE (Union of Soviet Sccial.fst Republics) (interpretation Era M&an) : The Soviet deleigation did not abject tc the adoption without 4 vote of the draft resolution on co-aperation between the United Nations and the Asian-Afriann Legal Cunaultative Gcmmfttee, because we take a generally FaftiVe view of the work of that Committee, in which cur country is an ~hservsr. However, we cannot but voice our disagreement with paragraph 3 of the resolution, expressing appreciaticn to the Committee for its at&y. The study contain8 a number of useful conclusiona and reacmmendations. SoweverP it also contains 4 number of points that are unacceptable to UB, including those that seek to review the United Natione Charter and those which are an attempt to entrust to the General Aeoembly tasks relating tc the maintenance of international peaae and security which, in amordance with the Charter, fall. within the powers of the Security Council, We alFo have doubts about a number of the proposals relating to the work on the rationfalizatian sf pracedurcs. The study also contains other ptaposals with c which we cannot fully concur.

The Assembly haa concluded fts consideration of agenda item 31. MEASURES TO PREVEWP SNTERNATSONAL TERRORTSM WRPCB ENDANGER6 OR TAKES INNOCENT HUW LIVES OR JEO&ARDIZES FUNDAMENTAL FH ANT) STUDY OF THE UMX%&YING CAU8ES OF THOSE FORM6 OF 9?23tzRoRXSM #MD At-%3 OF VIOLENCE WHICH LIE IN MISERYp FWSTRAI’I~, GRPRVANCE AND DESPAIR AND WHICH CAUSE SOME PEOPLE TO SACRIFICE HUMAN LIVESI INCLWDING THSER OWN, IN AN AT%%HPT TO EFFECT RADICAL CHANGES: RI&XT OF ‘PHE Sli%Tfi COMMITTEE (A/40/1003) Mr. Pholo (Lesotho), Rapporteur of the Sixth Committee, presented the report of that Committee (A/40/1003) and then apoke as fallows: I Mr, BHOLO (Lesotho), Rapporteur of the Sixth Comitteet I have the great honour and pleamre as Rapporteur of the Sixth Committee to present to the general Assembly the report of the 6ixth Committee under item 129 entitled: *Measures to prevent international terroriem whioh endangers at takes Pnnacent human lives or jeopardizee fundamental freedoms and study of the underlying oausee of those forms of terrorism and aote of violenae which lie in misery, frustration, grievance and despair and which cause some people to sacrifice human lives, including their own, in an attempt to effect radical changes*. The Sixth Committee devoted considerable attention to this item during the present session , thus showing the importance attached to the matter by the international community as a whole. Originally there were three draft resolutions before the Committee, but as a result of an intensive consultations between the spcwsors of those draft resaPutions and with other interested delegations the Chairman, Ambassador Riyadh Al-Qaysi, submitted ta the Committee a draft resolutfon which repreeerl 1eti d a collective effort, under his yuidance, by the sponsors and others to reach ccwnon agreement. wtta adopted by the W&h Cot#ptittaa by 1llS votes to L, with 2 abetentfcm. $t tharefme represents the positfm of the overuhel&ng majority of Me&er Gtatas 05! the Waited Nakicm with regard W the ghanamrcn af internatiQna1 tarroriara. Since the draft resclrlution before se&me fs somewhat lengthy, I will quote only the first threg olperatfve paragraphsr by whtah the General Assembly *1* Wnequilvoaaily cmdems, ae artrninali, all acts, methtis and praakicW Qf tem’O~iom WhCi~~or and by whcmever cmmitted, inaluding ttmim whioh jeapardfac? friendly ralatiane araclng States and their security) “2r Deeply deplores the loss of inraooent huasan Uvss whioh results from oucrh acts of terrotfsmt *3. Further deplores ths perniaioua impact of aats of international I tetroriam on tePations of cm-c8pi2ration emng States8 inoluding m-aperation for develepmnt”, JZ therefore now present to the A6mmhly for omsideration and adaption the ndntfon of the Sixth CWmtttee on the queatian of intammtionul terroriDml in paragrs>h 19 of it6 report ~A,J4Q/lQQ3). The FRESIDEt?F (interpretation ftoa Spaniahjt If there is! no pmpusa3. under rule 66 of the ruleo of pmcadure, E shall take it that the General. AseembPy decidea not ta dSscusa the rey.rt of the Sixth Cmmittee. re was so decided. The drmf% reoolution waa adopted (rssolutian 40,/iiEj F The PRESTDEW (fnterpretatfon from Spnfsh) 0 X shall how call 6x3 thase rep~esentatfves whawish to expllafn theto: po.eitton on the reselut%on just adopted. X rem&nd them that such statexuents shsuld be mnde frm~ their seats ak;-I sheuld be 1i&ted ta 10 iuinutes* Mr. NETaABU (Iorael) : Terroriets continue to murder beaause for yeare they have got away with nrurder. For all pmctical purposes they have been given 23 licence to kill bi Gavernments and internatimal forurns, X am not speakPng of tha material support that several States have been g%ving terrariats - the weapm% the money, the tr&xfhg, the e&m&es, the paasmrts I the diplamtla imunity mdc above all, the indispensable sanctuary - without which temxfem could not have grown ts its present fearful, international prqxxtfans. I am talkLng about the moral and political euppoft given to terrorists by the States that stand behind them, Those States have proraoted the idea that terrorism, if waged for purportedly legftfmkte endsc is also legitimate. But no cmme jurttffie5 terrorism. Nothing justifies the bashing in of 8 child”e brains in Nahariya, the savage murder ef fnncrcent passengers Ln MsI.,ta, Or the bombing of shoppers in dountawn PaEia CI few days ago. Innccent civilians arc nat supposed to be the objects of delfberats attack, Indeed, ccmbatants me obliged to protect them, to take special measures c even at the cast of lives, to qtasrantx3e thefr safety. Terrorism etand~ this principle on its head. Sit Fe the deliberate and ayetematic murder, maiming ana mencrcing of civilians. Drawing their grisly inspiration from the PLUS the CQP~ of intornntional terrcxism, terrorists the wrfd owe asmult civilians nat by accident hut by design, not oporadicalPy bUt eyetematically. Their chsfce of tatgets sbZfterakes the distinetim between combatant iat6 nan-comkatant, ketween soak and eiviliian. worse f they make trsrgsts of the fnnocene preefse!y bfxauae they are innwent, in order to inspire fear and practise poLiticaL intimidatiatt. (Mr. Netanyahu, Xsrael) Thisi is the real threat that terrorkm poses to our aivilizatfon. Xt brings UCI bifak to the Eavage era when the farpulse~t of the jungle prevailed, when anything and ~AYCAQ could be a target, When AO rules appliei!, The causes which terrorists profess are thus utterly irrelevant. Their activities are criminal in themselves. IA digcussing terrorism, therefore, there wust be no attempt to justify it by referring to either grievances or goals. NO grievances, no goals, no root causes, can justify it. Terrorism is not only criminal arid UAjuotifiable, it io - if I may use that old-fashioned but still rather useful word - evil, pure and oiq&. Xf we are serious about fighting terrorism, we must also reef& the attempte to legitimize it. The classic attempt to logitimize terrorism is by linking it to a struggle for “self-detecminationR . We are told by the terrorists and their apologists that somewhow, if one is fighting Sor that goal, the systematic murder of civilian5 is not terrorism. That, of course, is nonsense, and it alao does a grave injustice to legitimate movements of national liberation, those which fight for genuine freedom and do not engage in terrorism. We have no cib)ection fn principle to such struggles; indeed , we ourselves engag& in such a battle for independence, But those who truly fight for national freedom respect all human f r eedoms . Those who tcampk into dust the most elementary rights and freedoms, those who murder, torture, bomb and maim defenceless civilians, cannot claim to be freedom fighters. Freedom fighters do not butcher babies; terrorists do. Freedom fighters do not attack school buses with rockets; terrorists do, Freedom fighters do not execute defenceless tourtsta; terrorists do. It is no accident that whenever terrorists come to power they immediately suppress the freedams of those that they were supposed to liberate. In the case of terrorists, their methods are inseparable from and indeed indicative of their true goals. (Hr. Nemlyahll, Israel) x repeat: acts of terrorhsw BCB un$.wtffiabla in themselves, regardless of their professed aims. Thus, the reference to self-determination in the draft resalutfan can be interpreted only as an attempt to blur this important truth. We abstained in the votfng in the Sixth CoRlnrittee to register our opposition to this reference, which at bear in the most kindly interpretation, is Irrelevant. Nevertheless, Ssracl wel~omes~ indeed applauds, operative paragraph 1, whiah Yunequivocally condemns as criminal all acts of terrorism whenever and by whomever they are eommittedw . That: fa something we have fought for@ ealled for and insieted upon throughout the debate on this issue. It is a’eonetant theme in our letters to the Seoretary-Ganeral. It is the essence of Israel’s policy against terrorism. We ~PSQ welcome the operative paragraphs that call on States to prosecute or extradite terrorists and to implement existing international conventions against tetrorbm. It is our understanding that the resolution confirms the obligation irapased on all States to prosecute or extradite terrorists. These are important advaness c but it will be possible to assass their real meaning only by how far the international aommunity is prepared to go to put pressure on offending States to CW?ply. Let us be frank. Sam of the States that voted for this resolution in the Sixth Committee are the worst offenders. They do not prosecute terrorists; they defend then:. They do nat prevent hijackings; they encourage them. They do not extradite terrorists; they give them villas and cash bonuses, Will Libya live up to these resolutions? Nil1 Syria, Iraq, SOL&~ Yemen ar Iran do so? I have na Croubt that they will not. T-he PRESIDENT_ t interpretation from Spanish) : I call. on the ~~3~3e~~ta~i~~~ of Libya on a paint of order. E&a @MR (Xtibyan Arab Jamhiriya) (interpretatim frarn Arabic) ; The syesker sskad fcu; tie flcror to explain his vote. Me did not a5k fc+z the floor to aht8ak okher States for suppcoaed acts whirh are indeed being pracPtised by the ZPadt entity represented by that very speaker. &e shows no shams for the arts of tecr@Xc with which f&e hi8ticy of that r&@me is replete. S appeal to you, Hr. President, to request that speakar merely t;o explain his vate in his eutement and nat ta attack any other State. We did not make any mentian of hia c&&ne because we all. knw that Sk is indeed a terrorist EdgifW basad an tecror . I appeal tc3 you again f Mr:. President, to request that epeaker to keep to ail explanation of vote in his statement. The PRESfPElSJT (interpretation from Spanish): X request the representative of Xsraal to avoid, in so far as possible, al.]. of these references and value judgemta that sne can indulge in a5 ta whether those who have voted in cm sense m another did sa for some particular reascm. We have a&pted a QerY im~Mt;rnt resolutisn in the Osneral Assambly and it would be better not to begin opening up a discussion as ta &ether one party or another is going W comply with it. I hope that evetyDne will. I cdl awe again on the representative of TsrneLa Mr, NBTAWAEIU (Psraeljr The names are not important, the principle is, dcrfng without the suppxt of Stattx. Everybody here knows that. Everybody here knaws who these States are. If we are going to fight international terrorism 5~x3 not deal with the States which support these terrorists, then we have dane half the job indeed e prc-&ably Less than that. I have hopes that all. States, as what just mentioned here by you, Mr. President, will indeed comply with this resolutian. The adoption of the resolutionr we believe, even with if3 shortcomings, gives the respnsible embers of this body additional backinq to wage a renewed campaign against LnternatianaL terror fsm. (Mr. Netanyahu, Xsrael) That is why, having registered our reservations, Ssrael has joined the consensw for the resolution. Mr. ZEitJSATI (A?Aania) t As to the resolution included in the report in document A/4O/lOO31 the Albanian delegation wi5hes to point out that bt has its * reservations as to its content and on different paragraphs. The Albanian delegation wishes to reiterate that it ha5 alearly expressed its stand in the s&atelPent made in the Sixth Camollittee concerning this matter, pointing out, among the other thinge, that the Gwernment of the People’s Socialist RepubliC of Albania strongly condemns all manifestations of terrorism, in the first place State terrorism organized by the two super+owers, the united States of America and the Soviet Union, and other Lmper ialist Powers which constitute the main force of aggression and war and international. terrorism. Mr. LEE (Canada) (interpretation from Fran&): The General Assembly has, in very clear terms, just crondemned unequivocally , as criminal, all aats, methods and practices of terror iam wherever and by whomever committed. My delegation welcomes the fact that the General Assembly has today unanimously expressed it5 resolve to combat a phenomenon that so cruelly afflicts the international wmmu.nity . Canada, which was itself the target of international terrorist act5 this past yeas, associates itself with al& States which today have added their voice to condemn that scourge. Canada believes that it is essential to increase co-operation among States in order to combat international &error ism. Canada also believes that we should redouble our efforts to encourage all States, which have not yet done so, to ratify the instruments of the international community to combat international terrorism. It is a new point of depirture taday. Canada will give full assistance to our collective efforts. Mr. HORAGA (ChiPe) (interp,retaUon from S@anish) : The delegation of Chile hae joined in the ~macmaus beoause WB believe t&k the item dealt witi in the re~W.ution is of the greatest faportance. Terrarim is an ill which must be the facue of the greateet attsnkian and aamxrn of the international cxmtWnitY- Terrorism is blind and arbitrary, because it does not has&tats in saarificinq fundamental values of society 6 such as ths life and phy5ical integrity of perSona. And in so doing it destroys the work of man and also involves innocent people. The United Nations is doing right in taking an interest in this scourge that is t~dlay affecting mankind and in condemning it. Far that sams reasons the delegeticm elf Chile has joined in the consensus and expresses ita satisfaction at thhe fact that the item has been considered and adopted by the entire international community. The PRE3LDENT (irrterprstatiun from Spanish) I X shall nuw Call an thase representatives who wish TV speak in exerafsa of the right of reply. May f remind merabers that, in accordance with General Aaaen332y daciSion M/401, statements in exeroise of the r iqht of reply are limited ta 10 minutes for the first intervention and ta five minutss for the seocxrd and should be rasde by representatives from their seats l Mr, KAHALEH (Syrian Arab Rspublioj (interpretation from Arahfcl Y Terrorism is the reason for Israel’s presence. wikhcut terrorism by the Israeli Zionist ganga during the British weupation , as a point of principle that entity would not have been born. Mosbe Dayan, in his memoirsp considered terrorism and ZiCtS af terror as the vital backbone of Israel. The Syrian Arab Republic condemns all typE?E of terrorism. Suffice it to recall. ttle official statement of the Syrian Arab Republic in #hi& Ft strongly condenirted the hijacking of the Italian ship. The Syrian Arab Republic has effectively shown its co-operation with other States in cor&atinq terrorism. (Mr. Kahaleh, Gyrian Wah tleJt&&) mlreve r , tt is still vwy fntoreated in dimximfnaking bat~een termrism antd national reeietance - national reeistance by people fighking to liberate this land, fighting for self-determination and ta appase foreign cxmupation. These are legitimate rights which are recoqnfaed by the Charter crf the United NatiPrns and inCernakiona1 law. These are right8 which have been fought for and Qnjoyed by many peoples, with tha European peoples at the focefrmt in their resistance to nazism during the Second wxld War l A few days ago, an 27 November 1985& The New York Times pubLished a report on national resistance activities in southern Lebanon, It mentioned that a yaung girl of no more than 17 year&? of age had blown herself up in a dynamite-laden car directed against an Israeli and allied forces past in aouthern Lebanon. She killed herself and a number of workere at that past, This heroic act was pxrueded by dozens of aimilat acta by young Lebanese, Syrians and even Egyptiansr who sacrificed their own lives resisting the Israeli occupation forcea in the security cordon that Israel claims fn southern Lebanon. MU country strongly supports theee acts which clearly show a spirit of courage and self-sacrifice on the part of tharre struggling to liberate their land. The Syrian Arab Republic condemns acts of terrorism directed against innocent civilians, such as the hijacking of aircraft or ships and the taking of innment haatages. For this reason, a distinction must be made between honourable natfannl resistance and terrorism in its true meaning. MP, RAJWIE-RWORASSANI (Islamic Republic! of Iran): My delegation went along with the conscnsu6 rqardinq draft resolution AJC.6/40,&.31 with great pleasure simply because it contains very important elementsI such as recognition of and emphasis on the right to self-determfnatfon and the right to struggle. Rowe ve r I we believe that the resolution overlcaks a very signiffcant aspect 5f terrorism, nameLyp State terrorism. We apprreciate that certain countries were bacrrrroe they had aartiin dnt;rtrests In that kind of terrcx fmI but we beLiewe thatr &a arder ta have made We draft rasolmtion ccrmprehensive, the acma3pt of Stats terrariur shoo&d have been inmxpxated fn It, But for that ahartooming, the rest af the draft ressluttcm wae quite aacagtable ta us1 and that ia why we dsctded t0 r8frain erola raquasting a vats an it. Ths PW!3X3%3NT (interpretation from Spanish): The O&server of the Palestine Ubarattcm Qrganfzaticm (PUI) has requested to amIce a statemnt in reply l f aall on hia, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 3237 (XXSX) c of 22 NQva&aa: 1334. Mr, TERZX (PaLestine Liberation Organisation (ELQ)): X muld say that the resolution just a&g&&d is o historia 1andrPark in the endeavours of the Wnited Nations to put an end to criminal aats against peoples. The resolution very Consequently, any dickion, any fornr of struggle, even if it is arated etrugglle, against alian emcrupatianr against the tX%zupying Fawer is legftkmte - and fsraelr to xy r#ind and in my opfnfon is the only State oonsidered by the United Nation8 and the SWurity Counatl to&e an aaault)ying P~wst. The px~ition of the Palestine Liberation OrganizatPon gPLQ) on terrorism was reaffirmed a few days ago before thLe &mmbly. Et hasr been reaffirmed by OUP national crounail &me 1974, and on 7 Ncmmber 1965 the Chairman of aur Brganization, Hr. Passer Arafatr u&de a statement in which he said the EolBowing: ‘The Palestine Libaration Organization aondemns all aats of tercorism, whether perpetrated by States6 individuals 01: groups against innwent defenceless peopBe anywhersc but beuause sucrh a comitmsnt cannat be unilateral, tha fnternational community must persuade IsrasP to cainsnit itself to put an end to all terrorist activities inside and outside Esrael.” Acmrding to my understanding, this is exaotly along the lines of the resolution just adopted, Until suah time as terrorim - which is alien uccupatfon - is eliminated frm our oountry and no langer dire&ad against our peapler our armed struggle against Zsrael will remain a legitimate act. I shall. spare the Assembly Albert Einatoin*s description of the present rulere in Tel Aviv. Be referred to them as terroristti, gangsters, Fascists; this wan not only the mudma operandi of Judas-Nazi grcupsr but aim the poEi.cy of the State, as has just bean mentioned by the representative of Syria, Mr. AENa /Iraq) (interpretation from Arsbk) : My delegation did not wish to exercise its right of reply because it ia fully aware of the manr3euvreEs usually U6ed by the IsraePf representative in attacking other delegations. Hc2weverr we believe that there are crfteeia and traditions which must be reapecked i.1 this facts, (Mr. Aenac Iraq) The Xsraeli repreaentative@s pracrtfoe ulaarly ahow UK&. wo should like to reply to his referenae to the law ef the jungle and terrorist policies by saying that Xmael slhould be the larrt to speak of terrmiem. Instead of turning facts upside dmm, we should like to say that Xsraal’e record is well known in the region and in the world: it fa crystal cleat. The arbitrary practices direuted against the Arab inhabitants and even againslt Jews inside the occupied Arab territories, the 1991 raid against the Iraqi nuolear reaotor built far peaaeful purpcmee, the invasian of Lebanon, the raid un aivilian areas in Tunisia without any justification are all cleat tndisattane of who is the perpetrator 43f terrorism c the law of the jungle R and expansionist poEiciee2 We shcxzld just like to reW!d the Israeli representative that nry delegation, Ahiah aatively participated in the negotiations that led to the &option of the ourrent resolution withaut a vote6 reaffirm onae again my country’s policy which rejecta and denounaee all form of international terrorism. ft has clearly shown its position towards that resolution in the Sixth Committee to the effect that, despite the fact that the draft resolution F’,fd not Cover EPCXM of our needa, guided by the spirit of compromise we acaepted it although it was our wish to see in it a clear condamation of State terrorfm, Mr. t-lEX%WA%ltr (Israel) : TJorCif are supposed ta have meanings, and this debate is supposed to have a meanfng and Emxw - the focus is on the problem of terrcxismr specifically international terrorism. Terrorism is a means, a way, of conducting violence - QiOhMX! directed against non-combatants, inncrcents. That is all it fc. Xt: may be terrorism in the service of a hundred different ends8 thst makes no difference. (Mr. Netanyahu, Xsrael) what: this General. iasserab3.y has just adopted ia a resolution cclgdemrrdng terrorism, withuuf any relatfon to what professed or real aims the terrorfst;e are olaiming 4x1 be fighting for. Therefore, all that was aaid here by the various repreeentatfves ia an ae&erngt 4x1~ hit: aC, blur and dissipate what wa8 aahieved in t c thf8 hall a infnute ago. I could not suppress a chuukle when X heard those solemn condemattons of tzerrorfsm by some of the repreeentatives of States and organlzalions that: hove;’ mrfected terroriss~~ I would say they were the pioneers of terrorism befare they perfected ft. I heard from the representa&ive of Iraq, a country which has juot issusd a dipPomatic passport to Abul Abbas arid had prevfoubly sheltered and launohed Pbu Mkdal, perhaps the ntast famous international terrorist - or maybe not faxmu enough because people do not know hsw much he is responsible for, L heard about Syria, Syria was among the first countries to reusive and shelter terrorists. fn fact it hijacked an El Al aeroplane tn 19d9c and its record in terrorism since has gone from height to height. Lran has moved to a new stages because terrorism is not an LnaLdental instrument of §tate yolieyo it has become the principal export throughout the Middle East: bombing embassPesb killing diplomats, and placing car LMmbs - that they do with Syria in a jsint partnership and sometimes aI.sne. There are a few others that we shall not dignify with a response. If we are going to be serious a!xxt this problem, let us focus on the praeQfee af killing civilians, wantonly, deliberately and systematically. That is what Y@ should be concerned with. That iu what: we have jusk condemned. That is the standard tx~ which we shouJ.d rfgocousRy hold all apeakecs, including those who spoke here ju8t nawp and apply the provisions Fn the resolution cagainst those who fail 50 amply with the%. The PRESIDERS! (interpretation franr Spanish): UeEore X Cdl on the repreeantntfve oE Syria, X ~ahould like TV appeal to representatfves to let La8 COaClUde the debate, end mutual recrimination far the good of all and of the Genara31 Assembly, and thank these in advance for their Co-qperation. MC. KARALEH (Syriara Arab Reaubric)(interpretatian fr:om Arabia): Israel’s record of international terroriis known ta all. The Haganah, the Stern Gang, and the frgun gaags ape well known to all. Their leaders - Begin, Shamir and Sharon aall of them Later becanae leaders in Israel. The whole world know8 the The repreaentatfves present hers also know full well that Begin, the former Prime Minister, was responsible for the 1948 Deir Yassin massacre which made victim8 of hundreds of childrena women and innocent old geaple; a massacre in which pregnant. wosnen were killed - all the inhabitants of that little village, down to the last little chld, were killed. Shamir, the current Foreign Minister8 leader of the Stern Gang, was respunsfble for the death of Count Bernadette p the well-known United Nations Mediator l He was also responsible for many massacres perpetrated by his gang against innwent Palestinian civilians. Even after tha establfshmsnt crf Israel the authorities in that: country perpe’trated many acts af terrorism c most important among them the I.955 Qibya MSsacie and the 1956 Kafr Kassem maxacre for which Dayan, the then Ninister fot Defertee I was K@S~rlElFbl@. Last, but not least, the massacres of ~abra and Shatila which made hundreds af victims of cold people, women and children for which Sharon, the current Minister for Trade and Industry, was responsible. Those must be added to the at.her acts of terrorism perpetrated by Zion is t ganqs and which have been takinq place from the creation of Israel. ta data. waupied territwies so%hat: Lhey in their Cum may becme refugees. If we wan&d to make a comphte Itat: of Xsrael’s terroeist reclord we would need voluntes. SuEEiae it: kca mantion dwumen8: A/C.6/40/5 adapted under: Che present: agenda it&u in whiclh there are examples oE ISrdel’S acts of tQmx* For more examplea we can refer to dwuruenls by Western writers. element:BI such aa tha rfqht to serf-determinatio4r and the right: of natiaim~ libaratian tmwaents tx fight for their Ereedcm and the libberation oE their hameland. The draft resolution s&x&d hwe inaluded ti alear taxt aandeminq! StikQ ter liar ism as being the most dangeraue form of inter national terror iaw. l?emocr atLc Yemen has aonsistently ccndentied all form of terrorism, including State terrorism, We wuld have preferred not: to invdce out right oE reply. Uwever ( we hwe just heard what has been uttered by the representative 02 Israe% about my country. We do not find such words so very strange; after all, Israel is a terrorist State, a State Duflt on terrorism, built on the uprooting of a peaple from its homeland, fsrael in its day-to-day practices proves that it is indeed still a state of terrorist gangs and that, from the time of its creation up to the present timer its hiswry continues ta be stained by the blood of thousands of innocent people, The PRESlDENT (interpretation fram Bpanfsh)t I now call on th0 representative of Israel to exercise his right of reply for the secxM time, Mr. NETAWAERJ (Israel) I I am irrdebted to the representatLva of tha Syrian Arab Republic for raising the one uase that the attaakers of Xsrael always raise - that is the cam frf De ir Yassin - to prove what Israel wantonIy attacked defencePeEs wotnet~ and childron. That is not t,he version given by the survivors of and the colour which it has assured over the years. Listen to what Yunis Ahmed Asmd F one of the residents GE Defr Vavsin has to say in the Jard&l fan da ily &l-Or dun on 9 Apr il. 1953, still, close to the incid&.nt. Yle said this: “The mews never intended to hurt the p~pulatisn of the vfllaqes but were forced to do so after they met hostile fire from the population, which killed the Irgun (Mr‘. rwmyahu, Sara&) caused by the actual baf;tlles eit;her , but by the exaggerated descrPptians +vread &I W&a leaders, to incite them to Eight the JeweeW Smebodly here said - X think it was the reptesentative of. Syria - that all *As rasidctnts of the village were kill&d. In fmtp most of them were not. There were . planty of eyewitness reports which, for laak of time - as the representatiVf3 Of PsIcaelI S am entitled TV reply on&y twice - X aannot give, but I will be happy to supply them. The important thing is that 40 sut of 120 af the esldiers who w&t intro the village ware either ktbbed or wounded - not quite this *defenceless massacrem that is descr:fSaed. Now I intend to make available the records: of ask incident, unveiled fom: the first time in 1969 by my Government, and the dimm3nkationr in a future de&ate or at same 0tisC appropriate opportunity for the members of this delegation. I would like just to refer to the other example that is given, and that is, of COUBB~ &bra and Bhatila - three and one half decades apart. About Sabra and Shatila, the Assembly will remember that people were saying that Israel lit the &ies with flares while Israeli bulldozers helped the Phalange go in8 and 60 on= This is why the Israeli-established Kahn Comfnsion was set up to investigate this, because it f~ very dangerous ii this happened; it is aomethfnq that we could not sh3mach or countenance. And what did the Commission find? It found that there was nothing of the kind. On the conCaryI it found that We obligation, the reaponsibilfty, of Israel's leadetship was that they had been able to conceive, and . had not conceived in time, that such barbarism wou3.d be inflicted by Arabs upan Arabs. So much for these two "classic cases' cited here.

we have thus concluded our consideration of ayecda item 129. The meeting rose at I.15 p*m. - .*,-m.ar. ..z-xr% . . -- c"pc--4.+~..uII~ I-. +.-s-L L,.,. -cs...