A/40/PV.45 General Assembly

The next speaker is His Excellency the Right Honourable Abraham Wal.igo, Prime Minister of the Republic of Uganda. l4f. Abrahem waligo, Prime Hinirter of the Republio of l.?ganda, was escorted to A. the rostrum. farw15EIGO (Ugmdef: Please allow me, Sir, to eapreas my delegstion’e happine at cleeing you 68 President of the General Aceeubly during this memorable fortieth bittMay. Your pereonsl experience end diglometic okill have alreedy 6hown themselves and have proved to be of special velue during the course of this 6e66f0~. We are theaefore conf9dent that uibden your psesIdJtncy the debibetatione of d6lagatiOnS will be very fruitful. Hay I also take this opportunity to pay tribute to our Secretary-General, Mr. Perez de CuePlar, for his untiring effort6 in the 6erViCe of the Wnited Nations ati of the ideal6 for which it stands. I am pleased to recall hi6 Shott visit to my own c%xUWy two and a half years ago, despite hi6 tight and on6rou6 sch6dule. Me ha6 dasonstrrted Zhat he is Secretary-General for the entire Organization and its Members, be they big or ~11, rich or poor. The aim6 and objectives for which the United Nations was set up are well known to all of 06 a66embled here. Preceding Speaker6 have dealt 6XhaUStiVely with this subject. I pWpOSe, therefore, *.o K66triCt IIIY remark6 to the aspects in vhfc’ my country has special interest, and these are, first, the observance of human riyhts; SeCOtily, the elimination of all form of discrimination; ',il'.tdly, the decolGrlizatlon processt and, foutthly, the raising of the standard of living in the least developed countries. It can h said right at the outset that, all things considered, the successes of the united Nations over the lest 40 years outweigh ita failures. The founder Members of this Organization therefore deserve our thanks and conqratulations. Howeve c , I am sorry to say that a gr+et deal ntill remains to be done in refipect of tfie four items I have just enumerated, in order to ensure that tt:e world is a .!yM=.ktPr p!.-cre 4-n l.fvp in for 711 nf 1TC r!jrinn syt-p "Dqrn +n l-r):"-. (Hr. Waliqo, Uganda) Starting with ths subject of humsn tight& we muat sdrit that a great deal rf3mains to he dcme all over the wrld. iiowver, the exsqle of south Africa stands out wst vividly in that the spsrtheid r&gicw has lsgalized the denial of human rights and self-determination to the overwhelming majority of its oitizene, who are referred to as “rife blankas” - that is, non-whites - rather than se what they truly ace - that is, Blacks, Asians and so on. In fast, it would be pY)re lugfoal to refer to the white minority a8 nm-blsske rsther then the other way around, but 18 two wrongs do not Bat&e 8 right, this should not be encouraged either. We must uphold the United Nations * stand on the observance of humen rights. I assure ths Asssmbly that the Ugsndsn Governsent reaffirms its commitmar& to the observance! of human tights and unconditionally invites any interested He&r of the United lations to examine th 6overment*s human rights record over the very short period of less than three months since it came into power. lot only have political detainees been released, but an open invitation has been sent out to sli UgsMsnS who wish to return hme to do 80, and a very large nuskr of these, including a former President, have already returned from exile. Discrimination fil any form constitutes another violation of human rights. The worst form of dfscrfminatlon in the world to&y 1s clearly tbt practised by the apartheid rbgime of South Africa. It 1s based on colour, and colour alone. 1 Shout like t0 COlIBUend the United Natfone for boldly havfng condemned south Africa in that respect. The International Convention on the Elimination of All Form8 of Racial Discrimination stands out 88 a latinark in the struggle against that injustice and the Slnited Hatione afl a body should continue to :Jrge its Members to do everything possible to deal a death blow to apartheid _* Uganda supports all the measures that the i;nited Nations has 60 far taken in that colmectfon ar+d feels that such effcirts should be intensified, Rt this stage, I Wi6n tc paj, a sljeclal i:CiCjiJte to those gailant sorts of Srjith Africa wb Bre ~5~4 f+f.w V+f+ y* p+p~rtp 4.q ).M$* +i$t wy4ipu* w+rHw~dd and to thnse nations . . L ..* -- and orgadaatioaa all over tha world wbicb bave g&van them mraP and material SugBOrt. APartheid will be deaUoyed. That ie aettain. At tba time that tbie Organioation wafa founded 40 years ago, its total mnberebip wan 51. Many of the nationa wbicb have since joined were still ud~ s0ee form of colonial rule at the end of tbe last war. Suffice it to eey that the fact that mabarabip has rince risen to 159 ia in itself evidence that the decolonkation proceee has sucoeeded. It i5 immaterial at this stage to recount or to tabulate States into those that achieved independence aa a reeul^. of intenaive struggle anb tboee that had an easier path. I believe that whatever wunba were inflicted during the road to independensze have by now been largely or totally healed. 1 therefore viah to pay a tribute to the united Nations for the role it has played in bringing shout and furthering the becolonization process. Here ve ere in this forum where the aaae opportunity anB dignity are afforded to the smallest as well aa to the largest nation , to the least populated as well as to the most PPUlWS State, to the least developed as well as to the most developed and, finally, to the poorest as well as to the richest. It is gratifying to note : -t in ttw General Assembly, at any rate, voting is on the basis of one nation, one vote. That is a tribute to national sovereignty, and I hope no change will come about in that respect, It would, however, be wrong for me not to give thanks to those Members whose financial and material contributions are making it possible for the United Nations to operate. My plea to those very nations is that they adopt a more aggressive attitude to decolonize Namibia and to bring about a truly democratic and repreeentative government in South Africa. There is no doubt t_i at recent events In southern AEric? Oouegs, pattiau~ely the unitti Btatea of America, Britain, West Germany and France, the P~etoris r6giw will continue to flout the resolutiona of tho General Aesenbly with irgunity. It ie now cOPDOn knovledge that the current Cmmonwealth Heads of Government meeting in the Behams baa corn out with an accord on South Aftiaa, but for that accord to have mawimum irsgaat, a great deal of support will bs raguived from non-memhets of the Comon-malth. MY final uOntri@tiOn is in respect Of the raising of the standard of living in the leastdoveloped countries, of which Uganda is one. The United NetiOnS Snd its agencies, as Wolf as uultilateral affiliates such as the World Bank ati the Internstiorial HonetaEy Pund (IMP), have dono a great deal in this connection, Yet a great deal retmains to be done. The classif icstion of development goes right dcmn to the least-developed countries which have been moat seriously affected by the ucrld recession and on behalf of tiicb I Should like to plead for more financial and technical assistance. Statistics show that approximately 40,000 lives are lost each day se a result of curable diseases. It is a fact that these people have little or no acces8 to medic81 treatment. In addition, the menace of hunger and drought fe Well known. Yet, at the other extreme, sane $2 billlon a day are spent on armaments war ldwfde. Refa-e--- L .IGP to tbc %fld economic crisis arx? it,f:lca's c*??. debt bJr:',e?. ?za already been made by previous speakers and will be echoed by others to come. But no matter how brilliant our contribution5 on this subject at this forum may be, when people like myself go back home, the one matter of major interest t0 most Ugandan8 will b* whether, a6 a result of my overseas travel, participation in the Commonwealth HeSad Of Government meeting, my addrese to the united Nation5 able to cwcure uaiae matarial aeeietatuze for Uganda, Comequently, it is imrtant that et the end of the day, the united Natione Should be able to bring about an iqroveaent in the steadsrd of living, partiaulatly of the disadvantaged pecplee of the world. The strength of the United Mtione chain is at this, its weakest link, the yardstick by which the majority of disadvantaged people aeaeuoe the Otganization, I am convince0 that a firm rededication by Menbets to the cbjectives set cut in tne united Nations Charter ten ensure that within the next decade it will not only be possible for the entire world to be free but that, with the sssistanae of those that have, it will be possible for th;r standard of living of the =have riots” to ba sub8tantially raised. Mr. Abraham Waligo, Prime Minister of the Republic of Uganda, was escorted frcm the rostrum. &&.nister of Strtxt and Speoial Envoy of the Gioverraornt of the Kingda of l3eX&m His Bwellency Mx. Pierre Etamel. I taoy ml1 wi him. Ht. EuRElBL (Belgiru) (intetpretatiau frar Prencb) t I should like to begin my etatemant with a quotation froa 40 years ago: @We are the repreaentativee of the interests ot: eaab of our countrfee but beyond that, we also represent tba smllecth? inntareet of menkind. l MOth@? good can cow out of the l~drre adding-up of fifty-one different notional intereetm.. . This AeaeWly will represent collectively the interests of tbt uorld but only in so Car as ue oaa put ourselves on a note geaeral level and practise two cardinal virtuesr 9ood faith and 9oodvill.* Thus spoke, almost 40 year8 ago, in Januray 1946, the just elected President of the firat SaSsion of the General Assembly of the United Hations, the fllustriars statesman Paul Xenri Spaak, the then ninister of Foreign Affair8 of Bel9im. The same idea uas expressed here only a few woks ago by the present Belgian Minister of Rxternel Relationa, Mr. Leo Tindemns. Ha thus joined the appeal of our Secretary-General for increased solidarity and the establishment of a system of international relatione, takingfully into account the obligations and responsibilities of each Member of the United Nations. Today, on the occaeion of these ccnumemorative meetings, we want to reaffirm on behalf of the Belgian people our belief in an order based cm justice and peace and entrusted to the United Nations. This, after 40 years, rermina one of our credos. we do not intend to express ourselves on this subject with lyricfern but as a witness to an frmnense work - with its successes and its failures - in which we have loyally participated. In order to practise solidarity, peoples had to ?xxome aware of t.heir in~Pr~e~qnhnCe. Now, for the first time since the beginning of mankind on Earth, liuaanity, as veil as the States sharing pcwet a* this planet, have grown accustmd here b a permanent and tmfversal dialogue. In the course of time, nearly all peoples have joined the 51 founding states. For the asjocity of the 159 present IW$eere, they did eo immediately upon their acceesi4n to independemce asd sovereignty. Thanks to the United Natione, we have tried together to acquire progressively a cmmn consciousnees of the vorld’s wet vital needs end to establish rules of just behaviour vhioh apply in an equitable mimer to all kinds of human beingo while trying to eradicate all forms of discrimination amongst the% It is not by chance that the first Charter adopted here after the San Francfsoo Conference yas related to huean rights. It not only defines the individual and political liberties but also the new social liberties8 the right to work and to salary, the right to a satisfactory standard of living, the right to security in ease of unemployment, the right of children to free basic education. A bold Charter, no doubt, but one whioh often would have remained in vain if, on the one hand, the developing countries had not faced us with the subject of economic rights and if, on the other, the specialised agencies had not contributed substantially to the solution of acute problems of food in the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAD), of education in the United Nations Educatfonal, Sclentiffc and Cultural Organizatfon (UNESCO) , of help to children in the United Nations Children’s Pund (UNICEF) and, more generally , of development aid in all the sgencfes active in this area. With regard to tht completely new theme of tne economic rights of States, it was a slow movement which, from 1948 to 1966, lead to the proclamation, on the Same day, of two CovenTrts, one on economic, social and culttiral rights, and the other ofi civil and political rights. In accordance vii3 this scheme, the As3etily of raw rstetfelr and of develoment. Xn 1974, the Wrembly ertablished the prinicbp1es on wbibn e new eoonomio international order should be based as well aa a program of auwa. Sacb of ufc knows the sllouness of its implementation due in large mea8ure due to the irpaat of the world eoondo aKi3iS. We wanted to call, to mind, the better to appreciate it, this active social and economio role of @a United IWione, but we all know very well that the San Pranaieco Chutes and our Organisation have a8 their primary goal the maintenance of international peace. licefever, ue must not forget that, in the Qoutae of these last 40 year*, aypre than 150 international or domoatia armed confliats have continually plunged paoplea into murning. gaab of us can think of me OK aote of thoee setbeak *D peace. I&J (IOdd, hoWever, be unfair if ue entered a8 a liability on the balance sheet of the United Nation8 every confliot which has not been settled forthwith. One mst also take into consideration the preventive rtepe taken and the peace efforts made in the course of arbitration am wall as the discreet endeavours made in the &CUKity Councfl OK outride it as well a8 by our Secretaries-*netal. #evar will we be ab?e to gauge the fncaaparable value of KappKOCheRHtnt between stabtQ~n, who, because of their meetings here , cafae to know each other, often to appreciate each other, and established at the United Nation5 a relationship Of trust. Thanks to all this they have come to the aid of other States when t1;-3se were faced uith international problems. Thus, my country, Belgium, ha5 benefited from such assistance, stemming from closer international tie8 and, for it6 part, has tried to provide similar help whenever poeeible. Wr. Rarmel, Belgium) It vas only 10 yeaw later that the Genefal Secretary of ths Central Committee Of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unim, Nikita Krushchev, stated, *War is no longer unavoidable. ” Neverthele0s, fn 1949, in the grave uncertainty caused by a 6oXwnt of extreme tension, we built together this forum of peoples for peace. mday, in a very different wprla , tensions subsiet not only in the East-West dialogue but equally betveen the North and the South. Jn a world searching for greater harmcny, one undoubtedly has to add to those tvo destabilieing factors the diverging pattern of the present demographic evoluticnr almost a decline in the industrialised world and an explosion af life in the developing countries. To avoid those grounds for tension and achieve greater hiwaony, the United Uations yave the large countries special responsibilities and powers. JUong those large Countries, two, the United States and the Union of &oviet Socialist Republics, have taken upon themeeloee a larger ebare of mer. We must recall today that the world-wide reeponsibiPlty of the two super-Povars vas strengthened further when over 100 aountrb3 signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. In 1968 the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics together asked us to renounce the production and acquisition of nuclear weapons. By signing that Treaty we Implicitly entrusted to those two States, or to one of them, our defence against a nuclear attack by a State that had not signed the Treaty or by a signatory State that disregarded its commitment. In return for the nuclear mnopdy given to them and to the United Kingdom, however, those three countries committed themeelves to sparing no effort to reduce their own nuclear armaments through negotiations undertaken with the desire to reach agreement. 1t ~8.8 by virtue of thie i.mr.eaeed authority of the two euper-Po~re that the Belgten Minietw of Uternal Relationa, Hr. Tfnderiwm, stated iaete 081 26 Geptembr 1985 that my country attached the greatest f~rtenae to the fog-rig meeting in Geneva between the Prersident of the United Ststes and the CenezalS~atet&; of the Centre1 Comittee of the Comunigt Party of the SoUiet union. Ho added; 4Be4fWii liim e&l other natione, especte this eummit meeting to contribute to breaking the barrier of diotruat .,.“, (A/4O/PV.11, pp* 76, -77) the ill-effeots of wi~kch he had juet denounced. I opanad ny remarka by quoting the address of the first President of the General AesembPy, Paul Henri Opeak, in 1946. I will conclude with mother short quotation frorra that address. Ln the present circumstances dt appears prophetic. He said! “At San Francisco a system hao triumphti which, in thie Assembly, confers conafdeeable iwrtence upon the great Powers. That syotem r&W& now be accepted, and ; am cure I am speaking for the great majority of the representatives when I say ta the great Powers, . . . that we attach the utmet importance to a good underetending among them and that it is from their agreement end colleboration that we expect success in our work, security and a lasting peace.* Onderetam3ing, harmony, co-operation: that a3vice by one of the founder6 of our OrganizatiOn 88-d thorn words of hope are still those which Belgium wishes to Adress to the United Nations on this fortieth anniversary.

The next speaker is the Wini&ter for External Relations and Special Envoy of the President of the Republic of Colombia, His Excellency Mr. August0 Remirez Ocsmp. *SF $ort:stk .~“ynf~y~.yq- G, ga t&&&thg; 2s rrrrirrrrr -nr &I.%L~ “u) Q !+T ~fyrf%$gy n9 *)?s fm+b?d Nations. Tboae have been decisive years. They have seen a shmge in the political approaob to eu& important ieeuea 88 those of wet, peace and developlaent and, of coue&te, in the approach to countless right6 whiah earlier were not recognized and wbiob are now beginning to be e%eicised , uaueing at timee immense upheavals, because any crieie that moves from an earlier stage towards imprcvement involves a great deal of euffering. Yt bas been our fortune to be the main protagoniate in theee difficult but promising times in which States have finally agreed on the need fsr dial-ue as the appropriate way to settle their disputes. Aud although wars continue to be fought and the threat of a holocaust still hangs over u5# it seem that in the final analysis it has been accepted that it is better to sacrifice something than to lose everything in a nuclear confrontation. But this dilemam is not mankind’s sole and main concern. Man and his wieties are questioning today mere than they ever did in the past, the role they Should play, and the imbalances which allow development in many regions of the planet while others are still submerged in beckwardnea8 and mieerY* Polarised though the world may lx, there is a consensus on the fact that discuesions on nuclear arsenals ,*misailes and space military power should remain in the hands of the two super-Powers, while mankind awaits the results of the forthccming summit between the major Powers. We trust that a new ray of hope will emerge to dispel the shadows that now envelop us. gut the problem is not as simple as that. It 18 necessary to penetrate mankind's armour and travel the world'6 many paths to appreciate the pain, the thirst for justice, the hunger that causes agony - .rl death and the misery that accuti~ulates like a wound that will not hea? in the cities and villages of the right cotiitions fog new joba, supply th6 hwm family with acceptable 6kelterr or form. 01~8 all those preaeing problem .~re on their way to u solution, in a world which at the begfnnfny of hfstocy had o population of 0932~ 250 million end at the beginning of the third milleniun will have about 'I billion we can come to tersas with tie question of peace in a quiet, practical and positive way ard date to nUPtUre 3%~ hope that it may one day be atable and everlasting - something we have never known in the pact. developwrnt cuws about, a right belonqfnq to all men and all nations. F~~OQI now on, in order to guarantee this right, it mud betimme the fundamental concern of our Otqanization, &cause this Am the requireaent fou an authentio peaceg and because we have foustrated the hopes of @e sm’jority of human twinge with the failure of the three Development Decades , and with the non-iwlementation of the Ckarter of &conomic Riqhte and DUties of States. The Qroblea of development ie not an exclusively ecowmic problem, but also involves social and political elements that cannot be ignored. And for that reason, it requires, as in the cam of the treatment of the e%teonal debt, a global BQprOach, and a determined desire on the part of our Governments. It also implies, of course, an iraprovement in the quality of life of the Colombian people, through the promotion of sound health conditions for the population. ConaequentPy the Government of Colozubia has put into effect a successful children's vaccination cafuQaign, covering the vhole child population, with the ca-aperation of the United Nations Children's Fund (UWCEP), the world neaith srganizarion (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organizseion. Paiilions of children have benefited from thin campaign to the point that it has been imitated and, with out co-operit$on, introduced into various other countries. We cannot wei t to be taken by sur~riae by the landslide of events. It wan Aegei who pointed out that man understanda the meaning of hiertorfcal events only after they Law oc:-urrtx3; in other words, once they belong to the past. We must underst3rd in time the significance of everything theit surrounds US and threatens us with its inescapable presence. Colombia believes that from now on it is vital that all the energies of cur Orqar#ization be directed to the effective implemen+.ation of the principles that ~olatnbfe believes that wherever the-e age tuman beinge whose fundamental right to develogtoent and wqrerro is denied or ewen inPKinged, there can be no peece. And if thie peace ie imposed, and juetiae is overlooked, it will only give rise to further violence. Colonbia believeu in the need to plaoe all united Netions imtitutione at the service of all courrtriee and not juet at the service of certain nations with aelfieh vievpointe. Colombia fervently believee that the United Nstiono is the appropriate inetrummt to eliminate the insulte which weaken universal cmexietenee and solidarity. COlOAiIbie believe8 that fro&D tile United Nations muet come the appropriate machinery to abdieh terrorism from wherever it may come, because it is the moat criminal form of 804~ uieturbance. Colombia believeo that the united Nationa must combat all racial di.wrimination practices such as that which unfortunately still eubsists under the repUlBiVe name of apartheid. Colombia believas that the United Nations must prevent the exploitation of the weak and awiwe them equal acceee to the riches of neturer ColoI'Ubja prCMZlaim8 its determination to take pert in this great undertaking, which has begun within its borders and, in assooiation with other countries, we Will try to extet‘d it through close fraternal ties to the peoples of the region, as can tx observed from the difficult task being performed by the Contadora Group. Colombia reaffirms its historical vocation in the daLewe and promotion of human rights and proclaim5 its faith in the Ui*lte& Nstions as the best instrument co achieve it. Our creed is a creed of optimism, but at the same time it is an invocatior? to reflect on the dangers that hate, indifference, fanaticism or the 1acK ofsolidarity can hold for UL. humanifmian eense. Bog as long as the majority of the paoplee of the wurld live subjugated to the ditiicultiee inherent in hunger,. injuotice and poverty, that docment, whiah eIU3hrinee the bigheot ideals of mankind, will continue to be a utogfs. Our took, one which we cannot renounm, ie to make it a reality. Today a8 yeoterday, we oan etand by the Preeident of the Cdmbian delegation, Eduardo Zuleta Angel, to whom by unanimous election, it fell to inaugurate the first Assembly of ous Otgenization 40 years ago, when he said -It will be an arduous and difficult task to preserve future generations from the scourge of war. But this task oan and must be asrried out witbout delay, without weakness. We cannot fruetrate the hope of those who are awaiting the fulfilment of our duties to aankiti.a It is true. Let us act promptly before it ie too late. Today we are all responsible to the future, to see that what we6 predicted by the poet Benjamin Moloise, kcuelly sscriPictd in South Africa, doe6 not take place: .And tomorrow, when the hardship comes, , where shall we flee to? Where vi11 the future GpriOg from?' Mr. KRAVETS (Ukrainian Soviet Swialist Republic) (interpretation from Russian) : ft is a great honour for me to present to this commemorative meeting of the General Assembly a message from the President of the Presidium of t& supreme Soviet of tfie Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Valentina E. Shevchenko, on the occeeion of the fortieth anniversary of the cnited Nations. The message redis: “The eI%nfverorry of the WnitWJ Neeionr fe inue~rablc frolr anot!mr biotorfc event &dab will rtay Wxiver engrevsd in the IpQy)~y 00 mankind, the Gust viatory of tin pq3leo ever the forces of LWiuitm aDffl PilLtarifm, the .L viatory v&bob tiaepireu3 thu unit&i Nstiono to lpr~Ba&a a8 the ouyptem obgective of the neu cscrrld Organiaetion the goal of saving ouoaeediag grnerrrt~o~ frw ‘Xn the four &ea4a4leo OS ita existence the United Nations him beeeme an intqtol part of t&e uyotem of relations asong Otates and an inportent mu@hanism Por solving premhg internetionel problem. .Tbe goeitbve impact that t&e United Hat5ona has ha& on the cOuPBB Of PO8t-WW developuanfs in the uould is due to its Charter, whdoh is rightly considered one of the fundtim?ntal international legal insttmente of modern tiPLea, a progranme for peaceful coexistence, The founding Merabers of the united Phtiona, the Ukrainian Soviet Socia2iet Republic ammg them, inscribed ia the Chatter in uleat terms the stern mandate of history, forged ia sufferings and hatdships, to live in peace with one another ao good neighbours, to qultiply efforts aimed at maintaining international peace and security and to struggle against war before it begins. ‘SiOtory hae shown that when States have followed the principles and purpos@5 of the Charter, making use of the possibilities contiined therein* the United Waticnm has succeeded in making its contribution to strengthening international security and has helped to create a climate ccnducive to fruitful co-operaticn araong States, -The United Nations has to its credit a nlvPber of important political decisions in the field of curbing the arms race , eliminating focal points of military conflict and of colonial and racist oppression ana restructuring international economic relations. The world Organization has also made an important contribution to the development of the process of relaxation of international tensions in the 19708. “MoWever, there still remnine a great deal to be done by the Organization in order to overcOme the present dangerous evolution of the situation in th@ war ld, to end the arm8 race on earth and prevent it in space and to bring about a change for the better in world affairs. “Concrete ways to attain those goals are spelled out in the numerous &cicions that the United Nations has adopted following the initiatives of the suvb~ unPcm and othee aouatriao of the UoaialPot c-Aty aupportad ty prugweoKliva and peace-lovirpg fooceo. Tit& UpltMtentatiocr would aumke it possible to eltasinate the danger of nuoleae aonfliat, to proceed to dboaraanmnt and the iaprovement of international reletiwi and to eteengthen confidence mung Statech For this puqbom the effort0 of all $tatem ace required. ‘lbA!iy, like forty year8 sgor the peoples of the wrld are looking to the Orgeniretton with faith in the future and in the belief that the noble purposea pruaPeiaed in it8 Charter can be attained. The duty of the United make every effort a0 that the dPeaaa of Nationa and of all Member States ie to the peoples may become a reality. The effeativeneoe anb preotige of the Organisation can and oust be enhanced thraogh strict camgliance by all GtaterP Mitb the chapter. slkrbilization of the efforts of the peoples and govermnts of all countriee aimed at uolving the key problerJ of our tisae, that of paventing a new world holocauet and preeerving life on Earth, should b-m a fitting tribute to the fortieth anniversary of the United NmYt,sns. Not only the Bolution of many other urgent problems but also the survival of hw civilization will depend on whether the world is able to avoid a nuclear cataetroghe. ‘As far aa the Ukrainian Soviet Socialise Republic is concerned, at will contime to work towards, enhancing the role of the United Natfone as an effective instrument for strengthening international Secultity, peace and co-operation amng the peoples. l The RWJIMZNT (interpretation feolr Spar&b) t ohs, next e&waker ie the ’ sgacial Wwoy of the President of the lIepublic of Pmaguay, Senator Esequiel GunsaurPes Alsine. MC- ALMNA WUaguay) (interpretation from Spanish! o The Constitutional President of the Republic of Paraguay, Genera]. AIfredo stmessnei, has aonferred upon ms the honour of reading out his personal message to the General Assembly of the United Nations during the celebration of the fortieth anniversary of the founding of thiu Organizatim. The msasoage from President Stroeaener is as follousr ‘The forti&th anniversary of the founding of the United Nationsp which we are OOlsupewKating( today, ~PCS#XI us inevitably to think about the nrajot divSslons that have taken place within out Crganiaetion and which are largely the 8-e as those which ukotivated its establishment. “The United Nations Charter gave effect to a code of international conduct in the form of purposes and principles to which all Melabet States were dedicated - purposes and principles defining the mechanism to ensure peace. As the Becretary-General of the Organizution, Mr. Perez de Cuellar, has stated, peace implies a continuous threat participation in the bettement of the human conditicw. “The United Nations is a mchanism to be used for this joint undertaking. The system created by the Organization established the necessary structure within which the nations of the world work together for ptogrees - a progress that none of them could achieve separately. @We should like to recall with particular gratitude the important role played by the United Zdotfone in my country, both in the economic an6 in the axial and cultural fields, through its various programee and epecfalized agencies. aEu ue survey the precrent eituation, Pt i(l easy to 868 the b accoqlialments of the United Natione. The Charter establishes a wt of prinoiplae which in it&elf represent6 a WY atage in kterntatforPa1 Law, with oignificant roeultu in the regulation of the Pwrcrt iagortant amae of humn activity. .The Organizstion hae fostered large scale decolunizetion and diearmament efforts, and within Fto jurisdiction it hae formulated moat mdern concept8 regarding econaaics social and politictal developroent. *It haa become a forum fog dialogue and encounter unprecedented by its univereality. Within its jurisdiction, all States take part in seeking solutions and pulicics and, in incrmsing numbers, they demand the begiming of an irrevereible procees of peace within the international amaunity. “I wish to take this opportunity to e%preas, on behalf of the Government and people of Paraguay, our best wishes to the Organization and our hope that it will effectively oazry out it6 primary responsfbilitiee for the maintenance of international peace ima security and that it will become stronger a8 an instrument for economic and social w-operation, bearing in mind the SociaP and political structures of all nation6 ana with due respect for human dignity. ‘At this fortieth anniversary of the United Nations, I wish to reiterate the commitment of the Govemncmnt and people of the Republic of Paraguay to defence of freedcm, justice ana deMCrecy, the values that give peace its true meaning . I al50 wish to reiterate my muntry's unswerving support for the I true to the profound conviction of the Paraguayan people that it Organizatdon is necessary to contribute to pace with justice if we are to live in harmony ioiie throuqhout the wozld, in a spirit of cooperation, with all nilt developme K, understanding and friendship.' The meeti coee at 6.40 p.m. --_. -"-_I_--