S/PV.10052 Security Council

In accordance with rule 37 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure, I invite the representative of Libya to participate in this meeting. In accordance with rule 39 of the Council’s provisional rules of procedure, I invite Ms. Nazhat Shameem Khan, Deputy Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, to participate in this meeting. The Security Council will now begin its consideration of the item on its agenda. I now give the floor to Ms. Khan. Ms. Khan: I thank you, Madam President, for the opportunity to brief the Security Council today. Please also allow me to begin by recognizing and expressing my thanks to His Excellency the Permanent Representative of Libya to the United Nations for his attendance today. I address the Council today following the realization, over the past six months, of a series of unprecedented landmarks in response to the mandate set by the Council through resolution 1970 (2011). As reflected in my report, through our collective work, there is a new momentum towards justice in Libya. We now look to the first trial in this situation to be held at the Court. On the basis of the progress we now see, I firmly believe there is an opportunity for us to show collective success based on the partnership among Libya, the Council and the International Criminal Court (ICC). This progress has been delivered despite what are also unprecedented headwinds faced by the Court. I must be clear that coercive measures and acts of intimidation against the ICC, civil society and other partners of justice do not serve anyone other than those who wish to benefit from impunity in Libya and in all the situations that we address. It is the victims of murder, sexual violence, torture and the other most serious crimes addressed by our Court who stand to lose the most from these coercive actions. I firmly believe that is not a position that is welcomed by any member of the Council. And it is my sincere hope that we can rebuild common ground among us for collective, effective action against atrocity crimes. I do wish to underline to all members today that, despite this context, the Office and I, personally, remain fully committed to delivering on the promise that was made to victims through resolution 1970 (2011) and to all those affected by international crimes through the Rome Statute. This sense of solidarity and common action has delivered significant progress in the period covered by the report that I present to the Council today. And through the arrest of Khaled Mohamed Ali El Hishri by the German authorities on 16 July on the basis of a warrant issued by Pre-Trial Chamber I of the ICC, we see a clear example of the momentum that we are building. The Office of the Prosecutor alleges that Mr. El Hishri is responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Mitiga prison from February 2015 to at least early 2020, including murder, torture, rape and sexual violence against Libyan nationals and migrants. For too long, crimes committed in detention facilities in the west and the east of Libya have represented a no-go area for accountability, and it is that sense of impunity that has acted as a driver — an accelerant for the infliction of even more cruelty. Through the imminent transfer of Mr. El Hishri to the ICC on the basis of the mandate provided by the Council, and through the first pre-trial and subsequent trial proceedings before the Court in the situation in Libya, we send a clear message: those responsible for Reflecting this momentum, our Office also remains clearly focused on securing the arrest and transfer of Mr. Osama Elmasry Njeem for trial at the ICC for the war crimes and crimes against humanity that we allege he committed in Mitiga prison. These alleged crimes also include murder, torture, rape and sexual violence. We have received reports, in recent weeks, of his possible arrest in Libya, and we are seeking confirmation of this from the Office of the Attorney-General. And we are also continuing steps, together with our Registry colleagues, to ensure the effective tracking and arrest of Mr. Saif Suleiman Sneidel, in relation to whom Pre-Trial Chamber I unsealed an ICC arrest warrant on 8 August. We allege Mr. Sneidel to be responsible for war crimes when serving as an officer of Group 50 in the Al Sai’qa Brigade and participating in an operation launched by the so-called Libyan National Army in Benghazi, known as Operation Dignity, in May 2014. In issuing the arrest warrant in November 2020, the Chamber found reasonable grounds to believe that Mr. Sneidel had participated in three mass executions in which a total of 23 people had been murdered. I call on all relevant authorities, in particular those in eastern Libya, to secure the arrest and transfer of this individual to the ICC. It is also essential that we ensure those subject to existing arrest warrants for the horrors committed in Tarhunah, whether they are located in Libya or in third States, are arrested and brought to justice. The scale of the atrocities committed demands our collective action. Collectively, these actions, the additional warrants, the arrests and the anticipated trials before the ICC are proof that, through our common work, we can end an era of impunity in Libya. This will remain our absolute central focus in the coming period. And these new possibilities for accountability are not just reflected in the concrete steps that I have outlined; they are seen in the clear, further commitments made by the Government of Libya to partner with the ICC in these efforts. The submission of a declaration by the Government of Libya pursuant to article 12, paragraph 3, of the Rome Statute accepting the exercise of jurisdiction by the Court was a significant moment. It sends a clear message that Libya sees ongoing, real value and trust in the work of the ICC. And this is not just a commitment that we have seen on paper; it has been reflected in real, enhanced cooperation received from Libyan authorities in this reporting period. I wish to express thanks in particular to Their Excellences Prime Minister Al Dabiba and President Menfi for the support of their offices, and I would like to welcome the Attorney General of Libya to deepen his engagement in this common cause. In that regard, I note that, last week, the Attorney General was in contact with my Office to request an in-person meeting. I welcome that approach, and I look forward to engaging with him further in the near future. Reflecting this renewed dynamic, the Libyan authorities have also made clear to the Office that they see significant value in ensuring a comprehensive conclusion to the existing lines of inquiry, as outlined in the 2022 situation strategy. Through this renewed posture, we see an alignment of messages from Libyan national partners and civil society organizations (CSOs) as to their hopes for a full realization of the strategy outlined originally by the Office in its twenty-third report. In this new landscape and taking into account the significant work stemming from the impending first trial in the Libya situation, the Office has conducted a further assessment of the opportunities and consequent time frame for the effective implementation of its 2022 strategy, in fulfilment of the mandate set by the Council. I can therefore confirm to the Council today that, on the basis of that review and while reaffirming its commitment to move promptly to the conclusion of the investigation phase in this situation, the Office has renewed the core landmarks that it will seek to achieve in reaching this completion stage. As a result, the Office will continue its investigations Amid this renewed sense of dynamism and common action, it is important to recall from where the Court derives its strength and focus: that is, our work with victims, with those affected by Rome Statute crimes. In this period, this spirit of partnership has also been seen in our work with civil society actors. On 8 October, I was grateful for the opportunity to hold a further periodic meeting with more than 30 civil society organizations and human rights activists in relation to the situation in Libya. The Libya Unified Team has also held more than 150 interactions and engagements with more than 54 CSOs, human rights defenders and victims’ organizations over the past six months. The messages we received from them were consistent: they are encouraged by the recent arrest, they see other tangible progress, and they believe that these actions can have a deterrent effect on perpetrators in Libya as we speak. I can feel a genuine increased trust and confidence in our work from victims and civil society. But in our meetings, they are also clear: to have a lasting impact, we must retain our focus and ensure that these positive steps result in real justice, in a way that properly addresses key areas of impunity in Libya. I underlined to them that we are united in this view, and we will continue to rely on their partnership as we take this work forward. Let me take this opportunity to express my personal gratitude to both Libyan and international civil society organizations for their strong voice for victims and for their essential support to the ICC in our common work to end impunity in Libya. Finally, I wish to emphasize the crucial role that cooperation with other national partners has played in this reporting period, in particular with respect to crimes committed against migrants. Our work in the joint team together with domestic law enforcement agencies of five State parties has, in particular, actively contributed to our investigations in this area. And again, here we see concrete results delivered through our work together. Earlier this month, on 3 November, the trial of an Eritrean alleged human smuggler named Tewelde Goitom, also known as Walid, commenced in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. He faces charges that include extortion, the smuggling of migrants and membership in a criminal organization for his role in a large international human smuggling network, including operations in Libya. Our Office was pleased to attend Court for the closing submissions by the Prosecution last week. A second Eritrean alleged human smuggler, who also operated from within this network in Libya, is expected to be extradited from the United Arab Emirates to the Netherlands by the end of the year to face domestic trial proceedings, again based on the work of this joint team. I wish to extend my sincere thanks to all those national authorities that have provided their support and collaboration in the recent period. It is my hope that as we see the real accountability returns on this investment, more States and national authorities will join this collective effort. Based on our common work, based on the mandate and the support of the Council, there is now a brighter future for justice in Libya. We can clearly see in our activities an increased alignment of cause across actors, from the Libyan national authorities to civil society partners and to our colleagues from other States that wish to support accountability for international crimes. Looking at what has been achieved in the recent period, we can allow ourselves a tentative hope that a page is being turned, that a clearer space is being created for good actors in Libya and ultimately that the foundations for lasting peace and stability for the Libyan people are being strengthened. This hope is real, but it is also fragile. I welcome the partnership of all members of the Council in our continued efforts towards this goal and urge, on behalf of the victims, that all measures seeking to frustrate this work are ceased. Our cause is a common one, which we will continue together in the months ahead. I can

I thank Deputy Prosector Khan for her briefing. I now give the floor to those Council members who wish to make statements.

Let me begin by thanking Deputy Prosecutor Khan for her briefing. We are pleased to see her brief the Security Council on this important matter, which the Council referred to her. I would also like to welcome the representative of Libya to the meeting today. We welcome the significant progress made by the Office of the Prosecutor in the most recent reporting period. The arrest of Khaled El Hishri marks a major milestone towards the fulfilment of the mandate given by the Council and a first trial for the serious crimes listed in the arrest warrant. It sends an important message to the victims and the survivors that they are not forgotten. It also acts as a clear message of deterrence to other perpetrators of international crimes in Libya. We commend Germany for leading by example in its arrest and expected imminent surrender of El Hishri to the International Criminal Court (ICC), and we urge all State parties to comply in this situation with their cooperation obligations under the Rome Statute. We welcome the Libyan Government’s decision to accept the Court’s full jurisdiction for the crimes committed in Libya from 2011 to the end of 2027. This is a clear testament to the Government’s commitment to end impunity in Libya and provides a renewed basis for cooperation. The Government’s decision also illustrates its trustful and cooperative relationship with the ICC. In a difficult time for the Court, this is an important and welcome signal. At the same time, we underscore that this new level of cooperation must be shown across all Libyan authorities in accordance with Libya’s obligations under resolution 1970 (2011). We urge the Libyan Attorney General to increase its cooperation with the Court. This includes providing access to its investigations into crimes in Tarhunah and Mitiga Prison and information on the progress of its national proceedings against Mr. Njeem and the Tarhunah suspects. It also includes surrendering suspects subject to ICC arrest warrants. In this regard, we welcome the continuing efforts by the Office of the Prosecutor to assist with complementarity and cooperation efforts in Libya and other States. We welcome the Office’s increased engagement with civil society, victim associations and human rights defenders. Their experiences and their role in bringing both evidence to light and witnesses forward are highly valuable. We urge the Office to continue building on those good practices and to continue prioritizing its support to and the safety of witnesses and victims working with the Court. In conclusion, let me once again welcome the new commitment by the Libyan Government to cooperate with the Court. States and non-State parties need to engage in a constructive dialogue on strengthening the fight against impunity. Denmark reiterates its unwavering support for the Court as an independent judicial institution. Our commitment to defending the Court and the principles and values enshrined in the Rome Statute remains resolute.

I listened attentively to the briefing by Deputy Prosecutor Ms. Nazhat Khan and welcome the Permanent Representative of Libya to today’s meeting. In view of the report’s findings and the current situation in Libya, I would like to make three points. First, the Court should strictly act in accordance with the law and its mandate. China has consistently supported efforts to combat and punish serious crimes that threaten international peace and security and attaches great importance to the role of the ICC in this regard. China notes the progress made by the Office of the Prosecutor in implementing the investigation road map, as mentioned in the report. When addressing relevant situations, the Court should adhere to the principle of complementarity under the Rome Statute, uphold independence, objectivity and impartiality, strike a balance between judicial justice and peace and stability and avoid politicization and double standards. Secondly, the Court should strengthen its cooperation with the concerned State. We welcome the Prosecutor’s report highlighting the positive engagement between the Libyan authorities and the Office of the Prosecutor. As the Court advances the four main investigative tracks, it should fully respect Libya’s judicial sovereignty and jurisdiction and address the State’s legitimate concerns and maintain close communication and consultation with Libyan authorities. At the same time, it should assist Libya in strengthening its domestic judicial institutions and capacity-building, improving its judicial system and better safeguard fairness and justice. Thirdly, the international community should support Libya in advancing its political transition. China calls on all Libyan parties to uphold the ceasefire, address differences properly and create a conducive environment for a political settlement. The Security Council should support the United Nations Support Mission in Libya in playing a more active role, adhere to the principle of Libyan-led and Libyan-owned and encourage all parties to engage in inclusive dialogue and consultations to break the political deadlock as soon as possible. The international community should fully respect Libya’s sovereignty and ownership and refrain from undue interference or pressure. China stands ready, alongside the international community, to continue playing a constructive role in helping Libya maintain peace and stability and achieve development and prosperity.

We listened carefully to the briefing by Deputy Prosecutor Khan and took note of the thirtieth report of the International Criminal Court (ICC) pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011). I also welcome the participation of the Permanent Representative of Libya in today’s meeting. Justice and accountability remain central to fostering peace and stability in Libya. Transitional justice is vital for achieving national reconciliation and lasting peace. In that context, my delegation would like to make the following three points. First, strengthening national justice institutions must remain a priority, empowering Libyan authorities to lead this process. We welcome the significant step taken by the Government of Libya in submitting a declaration under article 12, paragraph 3, of the Rome Statute. This action reflects an enhanced commitment of the Government and strengthens the foundation for the rule of law in Libya. Secondly, existing legal frameworks in Libya should be reinforced and, where appropriate, adapted to respond to evolving circumstances. We reiterate, approaches to justice in Libya are most effective when rooted in Libyan efforts and aspirations. We Thirdly, Libyan leadership in addressing justice must take precedence, supported by regional and African mechanisms. As the process advances, the Council should remain vigilant about the role of external factors and observe these dynamics with transparency, ensuring that Libyan-led, Libyan-owned solutions guide the path forward. Cooperation between the Libyan authorities and the ICC, as outlined in resolution 1970 (2011), can foster accountability while respecting complementarity and national sovereignty. We note the report’s assessment of a new era of cooperation and encourage continued engagement between the Office and the Attorney General of Libya to achieve mutual objectives. This new era of cooperation requires sustained attention and support for Libyan-led initiatives towards justice and peace. We believe a comprehensive approach, integrating judicial accountability, humanitarian support and diplomatic engagement, remains essential. In conclusion, the international community and the Council should fully support Libya’s pursuit of justice, stability and reconciliation, while respecting Libya’s sovereignty, territorial integrity, unity and political independence. Somalia remains committed to playing an active role towards these objectives.

Greece wishes to thank the Deputy Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Ms. Khan, for the presentation of the thirtieth report of the Office of the Prosecutor pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011). The report contains information regarding developments about the investigations of the Office of the Prosecutor in Libya covering the period from May to date. In this regard, we wish to underscore the following. First, significant progress regarding the main lines of inquiry has been achieved through the work of the Office of the Prosecutor. Greece underlines in this regard the execution of the arrest warrant of the Court against El Hishri. This arrest warrant is related to the second key line of inquiry of the Office of the Prosecutor regarding crimes in detention facilities in Libya. According to the report, the suspect is expected to be surrendered to the International Criminal Court (ICC) imminently. This is a landmark development. He will be the first to be surrendered since the referral of the situation in Libya to the ICC by the Security Council in 2011. Moreover, as noted in past reports, the ICC has completed the investigation phase regarding the line of inquiry that relates to the 2011 violence. We underscore that, according to the present report, there is one outstanding public arrest warrant in relation to this investigation, which the Libyan authorities are called upon to execute. Related to the above is the acceptance of the Court’s jurisdiction by Libya through its declaration of 12 May, under article 12, paragraph 3, of the Rome Statute, over crimes committed on its territory from 2011 to 2027. The acceptance of the jurisdiction of the Court will facilitate the work of the Office of the Prosecutor to continue its investigation on the lines of inquiry for the years to follow. Secondly, we underscore the developments regarding the cooperation of the Office of the Prosecutor with the Libyan authorities. Greece highlights not only the acceptance of the jurisdiction of the Court by Libya but also the enhanced commitment of the Government to fulfil its cooperation obligations under resolution 1970 (2011) and the increased cooperation and support from the Libyan Government to the work of the Office of the Prosecutor. Yet, we underline the remarks of the report as to the concrete steps expected now from the judicial authorities of Libya in terms of cooperation with the Office of the Prosecutor. We underscore the remarks in the report as to the increased and more extensive engagement needed as regards the Thirdly, Greece underlines the importance of empowering victims, witnesses and affected communities, and welcomes the continued and increased engagement of the Office of the Prosecutor with civil society organizations in the current reporting period. We particularly highlight the significance of a publicly accessible portal that allows the Office of the Prosecutor to receive communications and information on serious crimes falling under the ambit of the Rome Statute. In conclusion, Greece welcomes the increased cooperation of the Government of Libya with the Office of the Prosecutor and equally underscores the obligations of the country under resolution 1970 (2011) to surrender to the International Criminal Court suspects arrested by the Libyan authorities against whom there are pending International Criminal Court arrest warrants.

I thank Deputy Prosecutor Khan for her briefing and welcome her in-person participation at this meeting. I also welcome the presence of the Permanent Representative of Libya. First, when discussing the action of the International Criminal Court in Libya, we must first recall certain facts that no one can overlook. The first fact is that the International Criminal Court acts pursuant to a resolution adopted under Chapter VII and unanimously by the members of the Council. Resolution 1970 (2011) requires all States, irrespective of whether or not they are parties to the Rome Statute, to cooperate with the Court in this situation. What is more, it obliges them not to obstruct in any way the Court’s action or that of the Office of the Prosecutor in the fulfilment of its mandate. The second fact is that Libya itself, without being a party to the Rome Statute, has made the sovereign decision to grant jurisdiction to the Court, through a declaration made on 12 May under article 12, paragraph 3, of the Rome Statute. This is a sign of the confidence of the Libyan authorities in the International Criminal Court and an indication that the latter is acting in accordance with the principle of complementarity. Secondly, when discussing the action of the International Criminal Court in Libya, we must also acknowledge that it is producing results. One of the notable advances during the period covered by the report is the arrest and imminent surrender to the Court of Khaled Mohamed Ali El Hishri, apprehended in Germany on the basis of an arrest warrant issued by the Pre-Trial Chamber for war crimes and crimes against humanity. This is the second public arrest warrant issued by that Chamber within the framework of the investigation into alleged crimes in Mitiga prison. We also note that, within the framework of the extended cooperation offered by the Libyan Government, the Office of the Prosecutor has stepped up its activities over the past six months, with no fewer than 25 missions to six States and the collection of more than 1,500 pieces of evidence, including video and audio documents, scientific and technical elements and satellite imagery. We also welcome the continued engagement with Libyan civil society organizations, through 150 meetings held with more than 50 organizations, including an important meeting attended by Deputy Prosecutor Khan on 8 October. In the eyes of France, that is essential work, not only for the purposes of the investigations but also to ensure that victims are heard and, in the event of a conviction, that their dignity and rights are restored. Lastly, when discussing the action of the International Criminal Court in Libya, we must recognize that it is part of a broader United Nations effort to revive the political process. That is the very core of the mandate of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya, recently renewed for an additional year. We support in that regard the road map announced by the Special Representative, Hanna Tetteh, and call for its full implementation. That is essential for moving forward towards the formation of a new, unified Government to lead the country to free, transparent and inclusive presidential and legislative elections across the entire Libyan territory. The enthusiasm generated by the recent municipal elections bears witness to the aspiration of the Libyan people to decide its own future. The quest for justice and the rejection of impunity are also the aspirations of the Libyan people. And that is what the International Criminal Court is contributing to. The Court can count on the continued support of France for its independent and impartial work. In that regard, we reiterate our call for the sanctions imposed on the Court, its judges, its prosecutors and those who cooperate with it to be lifted.

I would like to thank the Deputy Prosecutor, Ms. Khan, for her briefing and for the thirtieth report regarding the situation in Libya. I also welcome the participation of the Libyan representative. We strongly welcome the substantial progress made by the Office of the Prosecutor across its four key lines of inquiry in the Libya situation. That progress includes the arrest of Mr. El Hishri, which will soon lead to the first trial in this situation before the Court. This is a significant achievement in fulfilling the mandate given with resolution 1970 (2011), and it is also an important step in the fight against impunity in Libya. In this sense, we also note the unsealing of another arrest warrant, and we repeat our regret that, despite the unsealed arrest warrant, Mr. Njeem has been able to return to Libya. We urge all States to fully cooperate with the Court, as is their legal obligation under the binding resolution 1970 (2011) and under the Rome Statute. The message that States send to victims and perpetrators must be clear: there will be no impunity for international atrocities, regardless of how long it takes to achieve accountability. In this regard, we strongly welcome the continued engagement of the Office of the Prosecutor with victims’ associations and civil society. Their right to justice and redress must remain at the heart of international efforts. We welcome the concrete steps taken by the Libyan authorities in their cooperation with the Prosecutor, and we call on them to continue with their efforts in this regard, in accordance with resolution 1970 (2011). In particular, we emphasize the importance of executing all outstanding International Criminal Court arrest warrants. We positively note the declaration made by the Government of Libya pursuant to article 12, paragraph 3, of the Rome Statute. And we welcome the fact that, taking that declaration into consideration, the Office of the Prosecutor will continue its investigations pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011) beyond 2026. The task and the mandate of the Court are difficult, now more so than ever before. However, we have established the Court for exactly such times — the most difficult, the darkest, the most challenging times — for the victims. The Court is delivering justice for the victims and ensuring accountability for all, regardless of their position or how long it takes.

My delegation listened with great interest to the briefing provided by Ms. Nazhat Shameem Khan, Deputy Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court. We also took note of the thirtieth report of the Prosecutor of the Court regarding the progress made since May 2025 concerning the situation in Libya. We also welcome the participation of the Permanent Representative of Libya in today’s meeting. Achieving justice in Libya, as in all countries of the world, remains a legitimate national demand and an inherent right not subject to debate or bargaining. It is not a passing fancy or a contingency dictated by temporary external considerations. From that standpoint, allow me to address the following points. First, my delegation asserts that the mandate of the International Criminal Court regarding the situation in Libya must be exercised within the framework of the principle of complementarity with the national judiciary, not on the basis of excluding or replacing it. Accordingly, efforts should focus on strengthening cooperation and coordination between the Libyan judicial authorities, which possess original jurisdiction, and the Court, in a manner that ensures the investigation into various crimes and violations and guarantees fair and transparent trials. Secondly, my country notes the decision of the Libyan Government to accept the jurisdiction of the Court on a voluntary basis. That decision reflects the commitment of the supreme authorities in Libya to achieving justice and promoting accountability for crimes and violations. My country also commends the positive cooperation between the Libyan authorities and the Court, which should accelerate the pace of ongoing investigations in preparation for closing them as soon as possible. Thirdly, Algeria stresses the need for the international community, led by the United Nations, to assume its responsibilities in supporting the justice sector in Libya by intensifying training and capacity-building programmes and transferring expertise to enable that sector to perform its tasks effectively as the holder of original and inherent jurisdiction. Fourthly, the mandate of the International Criminal Court in Libya must not be limited to prosecuting local elements involved in various crimes, but it must extend to include external parties whose involvement in destabilizing, sowing discord and provoking incitement against the Libyan people and State is proven, whether through violating the arms embargo, recruiting mercenaries and foreign fighters, illicit financing or media mobilization. Justice is a lofty humanitarian principle limited by neither time nor place. From that perspective, my country renews its call for the International Criminal Court and its Prosecutor to continue their relentless efforts in investigating crimes committed in various conflict hotbeds, including Palestine and the Gaza Strip, which have claimed the lives of thousands of innocent people.

I join colleagues in thanking Deputy Prosecutor Nazhat Shameem Khan for her detailed briefing. We also welcome the participation of the Permanent Representative of Libya in this meeting. Pakistan takes note of the thirtieth report of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) to the Security Council pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011). We have noted the steps taken by the Office of the Prosecutor to strengthen cooperation with all the relevant Libyan authorities. We also acknowledge the progress achieved, in particular the expected first surrender of a suspect to the ICC since the Security Council’s 2011 referral, the extensive evidence-gathering efforts and the Office’s broad engagement with civil society. We believe that Libya’s declaration of May, accepting the Court’s full jurisdiction will further facilitate constructive cooperation. Allow me to underscore three key points. First, Pakistan reaffirms its unwavering commitment to Libya’s sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and national unity. A Libyan-led, Libyan-owned political process remains the only viable path to sustainable peace and stability in the brotherly country. Secondly, although Pakistan is not a party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, we remain committed to credible and across-the-board accountability for international crimes. Selectivity and double standards erode confidence in the global justice system. The ICC’s legitimacy will be strengthened when its actions are guided strictly by impartiality and objective criteria. We therefore encourage the Office of the Prosecutor to uphold these principles consistently. Thirdly, cooperation between the Court and Libyan authorities remains essential to fulfilling the mandate established by resolution 1970 (2011). We trust that the Office of the Prosecutor will continue to act with full sensitivity to Libya’s judicial sovereignty and legitimate concerns. A cooperative approach that ensures national ownership will yield the most durable and meaningful results. In conclusion, Pakistan encourages continued constructive engagement between Libya and the ICC in a manner that strengthens national ownership and contributes to long-term peace, reconciliation and justice for the Libyan people.

I thank the Deputy Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Ms. Nazhat Shameem Khan, for her presentation of the thirtieth report of Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court to the Security Council pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011), on the situation in Libya. I also welcome the participation of the Permanent Representative of Libya in today’s meeting. Guyana reiterates its support for the work of the Court and takes positive note of the progress made during the reporting period on the key lines of inquiry for renewed action in Libya. February 2026 will mark 15 years since the unanimous decision of the Security Council, in resolution 1970 (2011), to refer the situation in Libya to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, one of two such referrals made by the Council. The Council, at that time, condemned the widespread and systematic attacks that were taking place against the civilian population in Libya and stressed the need to hold to account those responsible for attacks on civilians. It has been repeatedly The past months have finally brought significant progress, reflective of the tenacity of the Office and the determination of the victims, witnesses, affected communities and civil society. The arrest in July of Khaled Mohamed Ali El Hishri by the German authorities for war crimes and crimes against humanity allegedly committed in Mitiga prison was the first surrender of a suspect to the Court and the start of pre-trial proceedings since the referral by the Council in 2011. Another positive development was the declaration by the Libyan Government of its acceptance of the ICC’s jurisdiction over article 5 crimes committed in Libya from 2011 to the end of 2027. At a time when the security situation in Libya, particularly in Tripoli, remains of concern, the declaration reflecting enhanced commitment from the Government of Libya to fulfil its cooperation obligations under resolution 1970 (2011) is an important recognition that accountability action by the Office can support efforts to strengthen the rule of law in Tripoli and throughout Libya. We look forward to continued improvement of the engagements between the Office and the Libyan authorities, with concomitant results. We urge the Libyan authorities to provide the necessary assistance to the Prosecutor’s Office, in accordance with its obligations under resolution 1970 (2011), including the execution of all outstanding arrest warrants and surrender of suspects to the ICC. We also stress the complementary role of the ICC and note the Office’s efforts in contributing to investigations conducted by the domestic law enforcement agencies of five State parties into alleged international crimes committed in Libya and the Office’s readiness to cooperate with Libyan authorities. While we commend the determined efforts of the Office to carry out the mandate entrusted to it by the Council, we acknowledge the challenges it faces owing to resource constraints and encourage States to continue their support in that regard. We also reiterate that to carry out its functions with impartiality and independence, the Court, its officials and those cooperating with it must be able to operate free from threats or intimidation. Recently, the Office secured the conviction of Ali Kushayb for crimes committed in Darfur, with the ICC unanimously finding him guilty of 27 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity — the first judgment arising from a Security Council referral. This demonstrates that Council referrals to the Court can contribute to justice for victims of atrocity crimes. Many are hopeful that the conviction will help to break the cycles of horrific violence that have engulfed the Sudan, serving as a powerful message to perpetrators that such crimes will not be tolerated. In conclusion, Guyana reiterates our support for the International Criminal Court and the Office of the Prosecutor.

Let me begin by welcoming the representative of Libya to today’s Council meeting. Let me also thank Deputy Prosecutor Khan for the presentation of her latest report and for her in-person briefing to the Council today. I would like to make three points. First, the United Kingdom welcomes the progress reported by the Office of the Prosecutor in pursuing its mandate under resolution 1970 (2011). We note the significant steps taken across all four investigative tracks during this reporting period. This progress is reflected in the anticipated surrender of Mr. Khaled El Hishri Secondly, we welcome the positive and enhanced cooperation by the Libyan authorities, as highlighted in the Office of the Prosecutor’s report. This progress is encouraging and demonstrates what can be achieved through sustained cooperation in pursuit of justice. Continued engagement will be essential to turn commitments into concrete results. We encourage the Libyan authorities to continue to build on this momentum by working with the Court to ensure that those subject to International Criminal Court (ICC) warrants are surrendered, so that justice can be delivered for victims. Thirdly, we note that this progress has been achieved despite the significant challenges facing the Court. It is essential that the Court can carry out the mandate entrusted to it by the Council without interference. We call on States to respect and support the Court’s work. The United Kingdom reiterates its support for the ICC and its independence, and we call on all States to meet their relevant obligations under resolution 1970 (2011). Accountability remains essential to stability in Libya. The progress reported today is encouraging, but continued cooperation remains critical. The United Kingdom stands firmly behind the Court in its efforts to deliver justice for the Libyan people.

At the outset, I must reiterate our ongoing grave concerns about the attempts of the International Criminal Court (ICC) to assert jurisdiction over the United States or any United States ally that has not consented to ICC jurisdiction. The United States unequivocally opposes such actions. As we indicated during the recent General Assembly debate on the ICC (see A/80/ PV.34), the core United States objection to the ICC has been unchanged for nearly three decades, going back to our participation in the Rome Statute negotiations. The ICC Prosecutor and judges wield enormous power that has proven to be unchecked, as any safeguards provided in the Rome Statute have failed or been ignored. The United States will no longer stand by and let this happen. As our long-standing concerns have been realized and the threat presented by the ICC has grown, our response has escalated in proportion. Our objectives are clear. The ICC and States parties have the opportunity to change course. Now is the time for action. Turning now to Libya, during the high-level week, the United States Senior Advisor for Arab and African Affairs, Massad Boulos, convened a group of senior officials from 10 countries to reinforce our strong commitment to support Libya’s progress on a path to greater unity, security, stability and prosperity. Ending political instability and ensuring accountability in Libya will help reduce ongoing violence and the power of armed groups, which are responsible for many of the most serious human rights abuses across the country. We remain gravely concerned about the lack of respect for the rule of law, including in official and unofficial detention facilities that has allowed these abuses to occur with impunity. To that end, we commend the Attorney General’s Office for its arrest of former Judicial Police Commander Osama Najim and urge the relevant authorities to ensure that he is held accountable for his many alleged human rights violations. We also call on Libyan authorities to ensure former senior officials of the Al-Qadhafi regime face justice. It is necessary to confront past wrongs by breaking the cycle of impunity in Libya and empowering its people for a peaceful, prosperous future.

We thank Deputy Prosecutor of the Panama recognizes the work of the International Criminal Court and the Office of the Prosecutor in fulfilling the mandate conferred upon it by the Council through resolution 1970 (2011), in the context of the situation in Libya. We reaffirm that this referral, adopted under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, creates binding legal obligations for all Member States and that the credibility of the Council depends on ensuring that cooperation with the Court is effectively implemented. The Court’s recent report details important steps in efforts to combat impunity for crimes committed on Libyan territory and to advance accountability. We would like to highlight the issuance and execution of the arrest warrant against Khaled Mohamed Ali El Hishri, accused of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Mitiga prison. His arrest in Germany and his anticipated prompt surrender to the Court represent a historic milestone. The Court has made remarkable investigative efforts, with more than 25 missions in six States and more than 1,000 pieces of evidence collected, in parallel with national investigations, reflecting the principle of complementarity provided for in article 17 of the Rome Statute. We also value its cooperation with national authorities and its interaction with civil society, as well as progress in investigations into crimes committed against migrants. We welcome Libya’s declaration under article 12 of the Rome Statute, accepting the jurisdiction of the Court until 2027. This act is legally significant, as it formalizes obligations and opens the door to intensified cooperation on access to evidence, archives, witness protection and the execution of arrest warrants. The step opens a new chapter of cooperation between Libya and the Court and reflects a clear willingness to move towards strengthening the rule of law. Panama recognizes this commitment as a responsible and necessary step towards ensuring robust, results- oriented processes and reaffirms its full support for both the Court and the State of Libya in this process. As a State party to the Rome Statute, Panama reiterates its support for the independence, impartiality and integrity of the International Criminal Court, convinced that accountability is an indispensable component of justice. We therefore reject any coercive measures or sanctions that could affect its mandate or ongoing investigations. Crimes must not go unpunished, and victims have the right to know the truth, have access to justice mechanisms and receive reparation. Believing that there can be no peace without effective accountability mechanisms, Panama will continue to promote respect for international law and support initiatives that contribute to justice and stability in Libya.

I too thank Deputy Prosecutor Khan for her briefing. I also welcome the Permanent Representative of Libya to today’s meeting. We have taken note of the thirtieth report submitted by the Office of the Prosecutor and the important developments it outlines. In the light of the report and the current situation in Libya, I would like to make the following three points. First, we commend the meaningful progress made by the International Criminal Court (ICC) during this reporting period. In particular, we note the arrest of El Hishri by the German authorities, following the issuance of an arrest warrant for crimes committed in Mitiga prison. We also welcome the unsealing of the arrest warrant for Saif Sneidel, as well as ongoing efforts to secure the arrest of the remaining fugitives. These are important steps forward and mark clear progress towards accountability for the grave crimes committed in Libya. We further highlight the strengthened Secondly, we believe that a particularly significant development is Libya’s declaration under article 12, paragraph 3, of the Rome Statute, through which it accepted the ICC’s jurisdiction until 2027. This voluntary declaration sends a strong and unmistakable message that there will be no safe refuge for perpetrators of serious crimes and that accountability will remain an unavoidable reality for those responsible. At the same time, we recognize that challenges remain. We encourage all Libyan authorities, including the Office of the Attorney General, to translate this declaration into tangible cooperation, particularly in the arrest and surrender of suspects and by providing timely responses to ICC requests. We urge the Libyan authorities to urgently address persistent non-cooperation regarding certain fugitives, which remains a serious concern. Thirdly, we are encouraged by the fact that the Prosecutor’s Office has deepened its engagement with civil society and victims’ groups and hope to see this positive trend continue to gain momentum. The more than 150 interactions conducted during the reporting period are evidence of the victim-centred approach bearing fruit. Ending impunity is inseparable from restoring the dignity of victims, and sustained efforts in this regard remain essential. We therefore encourage the ICC to continue to ensure that communication with these stakeholders remains transparent and is conducted safely and securely. In closing, the Republic of Korea reiterates its strong support for the ICC. As a steadfast supporter of the Court, we commend its unwavering efforts to end impunity, despite unprecedented challenges to the Court. We remain convinced that this work is essential in preventing future atrocities and paving the way towards lasting peace and stability.

For a number of years now, there has been a steady downward trend that reflects the fact that the International Criminal Court (ICC) is gradually losing its credibility in the eyes of the international community, which has grown weary of double standards, simulated activity and politically motivated justice. On 11 November, the General Assembly considered its annual resolution on the ICC report. The results of the voting demonstrated very clearly the true attitude of States towards the activities of this politicized structure. Over the past year alone, the number of delegations voting in favour fell by 20. In general terms, this pseudo-court is supported by fewer than half of the Member States of the United Nations. It is of note that the most stringent champions of the ICC are the European Union countries and their like-minded allies, which, time and again, avoid subjecting their own citizens to the jurisdiction of the ICC. What is also remarkable here is the fact that, among the States parties to the ICC Statute itself, a quarter did not vote to support the Court. The results of the voting in the General Assembly perfectly illustrate that the ICC’s claims to some kind of universality are absolutely groundless. In fact, this scandal- and corruption-ridden body has no backing, even among its own participants. In addition, over the past year, four States have announced their withdrawal from the Rome Statute. All of them did so for similar reasons, namely politicization, neocolonial practices, the rewriting of international law to suit parochial interests and the fact that the Court has lost touch with genuine justice. Therefore, we are Let us return to the situation in Libya. We have carefully studied the thirtieth anniversary report of the ICC Prosecutor’s Office on the progress of the investigation into the situation in Libya. There is absolutely nothing to celebrate here. What we have before us is yet another superficial pro forma report, which serves as clear confirmation that the crisis within and around the ICC is systemic in nature. Time and again, we hear hackneyed statements about prioritizing something or other or overcoming new challenges. These are all empty words and reflect make-work. In this regard, we recall that more than 14 years have elapsed since the Security Council referred the Libyan file to the ICC. During this time, the pseudo-court has failed to demonstrate any real results in the administration of justice. Its contribution to fostering stability and establishing lasting peace cannot be described as anything other than adverse. The ICC’s activities related to the tasks assigned to it under resolution 1970 (2011) have long reached a dead end. At the same time, instead of conscientiously carrying out the Council’s instructions or acknowledging its inability to make a positive contribution to the investigation of the situation, the ICC chose a more convenient path: it began to set its own tasks and determine lines of the investigation, portraying this dubious approach as progress of a kind. In particular, the ICC took it upon itself to investigate current events in Libya, long before the recent declaration by the Libyan authorities and despite the fact that it had no mandate to do so. This allowed it to churn out new warrants, covering up the lack of real results in the investigation into the events of 2011, with which the Council had originally tasked it. At the same time, several delegations have suggested here today that resolution 1970 (2011) imposes a certain obligation to cooperate on States not party to the Rome Statute. We would like to clarify this situation. Operative paragraph 5 of the resolution clearly states that non-party States have no obligations under the Statute, and when it comes to cooperation, the resolution only urges cooperation, which does not create any such legal obligations. We would like to recall that the horrors of the protracted civil war that the peaceful population of Libya has endured for years are a direct consequence of NATO’s aggression against that country in 2011. The destruction of Libya’s statehood and economy sowed chaos, creating a breeding ground for terrorists, extremists and criminals, who are spreading instability throughout the African continent. As we well remember, the ICC chose to turn a blind eye to the root causes of the tragedy. It saw no war crimes on the part of NATO. According to its interpretation, responsibility is conveniently shifted onto the Libyans themselves. We have consistently pointed to the politicization and double standards of the ICC. The report presented today, once again, proves us right. For example, relatively recently, the pseudo-court decided to investigate crimes against migrants. But here, too, it is once again proving to be selective: reference is made only to discrete episodes of criminality, and there is still not the slightest mention of the role of European States, whose policies and practices were the cause of the inhumane treatment and death of people seeking refuge, let alone their complicity in the armed invasion of Libya, which became the root cause of the migration crisis. Therefore, as usual, the ICC is diligently sweeping the actions of its Western masters and their allies under the carpet. Selectivity and shielding “its own” are characteristic of that body’s work. Particularly telling is the situation involving the failure of Italy, a party to the Rome Statute of the ICC, to execute an arrest warrant from the Court earlier this year. What were the consequences? The pseudo- We have repeatedly emphasized that a lasting settlement in Libya will be possible only through support for national institutions. But here too, the ICC impedes normalization. Through disregard for the statutory principle of complementarity, its interference routinely devalues Libyans’ attempts to establish their own justice mechanisms. The pseudo-court continues to impose models from outside, ignoring the root causes of the problems and the regional context. Libya has no need for new experiments by external players; the Libyan people have every right to determine their own future. The duty of the international community is not to supplant Libya’s sovereign will but is to help to strengthen national institutions, foster the restoration of security and support the political process. As for the ICC’s activities, they have long since become an obstacle that must be removed. In this regard, we call, once again, for the Libyan and Darfur files to be withdrawn from the ICC.

I shall now make a statement in my capacity as the representative of Sierra Leone. I thank the Deputy Prosecutor, Ms. Nazhat Shameem Khan, for her comprehensive briefing in presenting the thirtieth report of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) on the situation in Libya, pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011). Sierra Leone welcomes her presence and the continued engagement of the Office of the Prosecutor in fulfilling the mandate of the Council. I also welcome the participation of the Permanent Representative of Libya in this meeting. We take positive note of, and welcome, the significant progress achieved during the reporting period. In this regard, the anticipated surrender of Khaled Mohamed Ali El Hishri to the Court, following his arrest by the German authorities on the basis of an ICC warrant marks an important turning point in the pursuit of accountability in Libya. The charges relate to grave crimes in Mitiga prison, including murder, torture, rape and sexual violence. His transfer is expected to lead to the first trial pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011) before the Court. This development further demonstrates that accountability under this referral is feasible when cooperation is sustained. We also take note of progress across all four core lines of inquiry. The renewed tempo of operations, including 25 missions conducted across six States, the collection of significant amounts of evidence and the expansion of structured engagements with victims and civil society, illustrates the determination of the Office of the Prosecutor to advance justice in an increasingly complex environment. Sierra Leone further welcomes the declaration issued by the Government of Libya under article 12, paragraph 3, of the Rome Statute. This is a meaningful expression of Libya’s willingness to work with the Court. It provides a renewed basis for partnership and reinforces the importance of national ownership in the pursuit of accountability. We also take positive note of the concrete steps taken by the Libyan authorities following this declaration and encourage sustained cooperation as the investigations proceed. In view of the foregoing, let me make the following three points. First, Sierra Leone acknowledges the operational challenges highlighted in the report. These include restrictions on access to sites, the difficulty of executing warrants and the limited resources for the effective conduct of investigations. We also recognize, with concern, that these efforts have advanced, despite coercive measures directed at the Court and its personnel. The sanctions imposed on the Prosecutor, the Deputy Prosecutors and the judges raise important questions about the ability of judicial officials at the Court to perform their duties independently. Secondly, we reiterate that the duty to cooperate with the ICC in this situation flows directly from resolution 1970 (2011) and the Charter of the United Nations. Nine arrest warrants remain unexecuted, including that of Saif al-Islam Gaddafi. The credibility of the Council depends on full and timely cooperation by all States, regardless of their status under the Rome Statute. We therefore encourage Member States and the Libyan authorities to ensure that suspects are arrested and surrendered without delay and that access to evidence and witnesses is facilitated in good faith. Sierra Leone underscores the ongoing need for the continuing engagement between the Office and the Libyan judicial authorities. The principle of complementarity must guide the next phase of work. National institutions should be strengthened and equipped to ensure that progress achieved at the international level contributes to sustainable accountability at home. We also acknowledge the contributions of Member States and regional partners, including civil society. The joint investigative team addressing migrant-related crimes, which includes several States in Europe, the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation and INTERPOL, provides a practical example of a shared responsibility. Sierra Leone supports deeper cooperation of this kind and encourages the expansion of coordinated models to address the other areas of serious criminality identified in the reports. Thirdly, we pay tribute to the courage of the victims, witnesses and human rights defenders, whose cooperation has made these advances possible. Sierra Leone encourages the Office of the Prosecutor to continue its victim-centred approach, including psychosocial support, protection measures and regular updates that keep the affected communities engaged. Sierra Leone also recognizes the importance of ensuring that the Court has the resources required to fulfil its responsibilities under this referral. We encourage Member States to support the Trust Fund for Victims and the Court’s trust fund for participation in proceedings so that financial constraints do not limit the pursuit of justice. In closing, Sierra Leone reaffirms its commitment to the Court, the Rome Statute and the full implementation of resolution 1970 (2011). Accountability remains essential to any lasting peace in Libya. Sierra Leone will continue to support a principled, complementarity-driven and victim-centred approach and encourages all States to uphold their obligations in support of justice, stability and the rule of law. I resume my functions as President of the Council. I now give the floor to the Permanent Representative of Libya.

At the outset, I would like to thank you, Madam President, for organizing this meeting. We also welcome Ms. Nazhat Khan, Deputy Prosecutor, and we have taken note of the thirtieth report. We have reached the thirtieth report, and the fact that the International Criminal Court (ICC) is required to submit two reports a year also means that we have reached almost 15 years since the Libya file was referred to the ICC by the Security Council. Although Libya has not ratified the Rome Statute, we know the importance of the Court’s role in prosecuting those who have committed war crimes, crimes against humanity or genocide around the world, as set out in its Statute. Therefore, as the report stated, there has been cooperation throughout the years among the ICC, the The State of Libya thanks the ICC and the Prosecutor General’s Office for their support to Libya in ending impunity for international crimes committed in Libya. We welcome the progress made by the ICC on the situation in Libya over the past six months, as the protection of the rights of Libyan victims is a priority for the Libyan Government and the relevant authorities. This was also manifested in the cooperation announced until the end of 2027 and the guarantee of accountability in partnership with the Libyan institutions under Article 12, paragraph 3, of the ICC Statute in order to strengthen the rule of law and human rights in the country. This will advance international justice and the aspirations of Libyans in their goal of ending impunity and protecting the rights of innocent Libyans. As is the case in every statement we make, it must be emphasized that the ICC’s mandate is based on the principle of complementarity, not substitution. The national judiciary is the authentic judiciary and mandate holder, and I discussed this matter with the Deputy Prosecutor earlier, as well as ways to strengthen it. Here, we must confirm the following points. The public prosecution authority is the judicial authority at the national level, authorized to exercise the jurisdiction of prosecuting those accused of perpetrating crimes against humanity and war crimes, as stipulated in the Rome Statute. The principle of complementarity lies in cooperation and the sharing of investigations and evidence, especially when the public prosecution is unable to investigate or arrest accused persons under its mandate, in accordance with national legislation and respect for national judiciary. Regarding any arrest warrants issued at the request of the ICC related to Libyan nationals, the Libyan public prosecution authority has jurisdiction to investigate the crimes attributed to them, unless this is not possible, in which case, the complementary role of the Court is activated. An example of what we believe is important regarding the principle of complementarity regards those accused of the most horrific crimes of the century in Libya, namely the crime of mass graves in Tarhunah and the prosecution of the group accused of committing these crimes. In numerical terms, the national Prosecutor General’s Office investigated 614 cases related to mass graves, 255 judicial decisions were issued, and 220 cases were referred to the Court. The number of detainees pending investigation is 52, and the investigators have issued 111 arrest warrants and summonses against persons who committed murders, kidnappings, enforced disappearances and torture. Despite the aforementioned and considering that these crimes amount to war crimes and are at the top of the atrocities that Libya has witnessed over the decades, the latest report did not mention the five wanted fugitives who are in other countries. They are also the ones who have been summoned by the Court and the Prosecutor General’s Office, so we call for intensifying efforts in coordination with the Prosecutor General’s Office, particularly to remedy this in the future. As for the atrocities committed as a result of terrorism and migrant smuggling and human trafficking networks, which we believe must be mentioned, as must the results of the work of the public prosecution, the various security agencies and international partnerships to combat it, we would like to cite the following examples. The Deterrence Apparatus for Combating Terrorism and Organized Crime has submitted 1,231 cases to the Prosecutor General, the most important of which are 38 cases related to joining a banned group. For example, through those cases and with the help of the Prosecutor’s Office, the leader of the Islamic State in Libya, Hashem Bu Sidra — a name known to many countries — was arrested and interrogated. In the same vein, groups involved in smuggling and trafficking migrants have been targeted. More than 26 cases of human trafficking have been filed, and dozens of foreign defendants have been arrested. Moreover, in 2024, the public prosecution authority launched its initiative to coordinate national and international efforts towards comprehensively addressing human trafficking and migrant smuggling. This initiative was joined by national and international bodies, in coordination with the Government, such as the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and the International Organization for Migration. During this period, many people involved in international human trafficking networks were arrested, and hundreds of migrants were rescued in operations conducted in cooperation with the different security agencies. The reason I have noted the aforementioned is to stress that the accused must be subject to questioning and accountability as a matter of priority in accordance with national legal procedures, and that any individual cases that may take place do not represent the policy of the State or its institutions. It is no secret that the citizens are weary of impunity and can no longer tolerate the infiltration of terrorists, armed groups and criminal networks into their daily lives. Citizens seek to build a State of institutions and law. Therefore, we have full confidence in the national judiciary and its agencies and their ability to perform their duties. Undoubtedly, there are several challenges and difficulties that cannot be ignored, and there are several horrible crimes that have been committed. whose perpetrators remain unknown or are still at large. However, under national law, such crimes are not subject to a statute of limitations. Everyone must therefore support the national judicial system, the Office of the Prosecutor General and the investigative teams, law enforcement agencies and the various judicial bodies. Despite the current division in the country, they enjoy consensus and support in the country and are making every possible effort. We call on the International Criminal Court to implement the principle of complementarity and improve the channels of communication, and not to be drawn into attempts to pressure it or politicize its work. To the members of the Security Council, I say that all these crimes and atrocities that are perpetrated in the country are merely the result of the absence of a comprehensive political solution to date and a consequence of the negative foreign intervention over the past 15 years. What are seeing are only the symptoms, and the real issue is the lack of a radical solution to the Libyan crisis. Libya does not want to remain indefinitely on the agenda of the International Criminal Court or on the agenda of the Council under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations. Efforts must be focused on supporting national reconciliation through the process of transitional justice and uncovering the truth. Based on that, we can say that there can be no peace without justice.

I now give floor to Ms. Khan to respond to comments. Ms. Khan: I have very much appreciated the constructive manner of this engagement. I appreciate the time that delegations have spent responding to our report and to the statement today. I also very much appreciate the constructive discussion that I had yesterday with His Excellency the Permanent Representative of Libya. We hope to continue with our discussions. The key to progress is partnership, constructive dialogue and effective communication. I think we have agreed on that, and we will continue with that plan. I thank all delegations again. We find that their contributions will really help us in furthering and satisfying the mandate given to us by the Council.

I thank Ms. Khan for her statement.