S/PV.1048 Security Council

In accordance with the decision previously taken by the Security Council, 1 shall now invite the representatives of Tunisia, Liberia, Portugal, Sierra Leone and Madagascar to take places at the Council table. At the invitation of tft'?: President, Mr. Mongi Slim (Tunisia), Mr. Rudolph Urimes (Liberia), Mr. Alberto Franco Nogueira (Portugal), Mr. John Karefa-Smart (Sierra Leone), and Mr. Louis Rakotomalala (Madagascar), took places at the Council table.

The Council will now resume consideration of item 2 on its agenda and C'f the draft resolution submitted by the delegations of Ghana, Morocco and the Philippines [S/5372]. 3. 1 call upon the first speaker on my list, the representative of Madagascar.

A telegram addressed to the President of the Security Council was circulated yesterday [S/5376]. This telegram Is signed by Mr. Maurice Yameogo, Acting President of the Union of·African and Malagasy States, and cornes from the fourteen Heads of African and Malagasy States at present meeting at Cotop.ou. With your permission, 1 will read out this important document so that it will figure in the official records of the Security Council meeting, sinee it deals mainly with the important question which we are now considering. The text is as follows: "The Conference of Heads of African and Malagasy States, meeting at Cotonou, Republic of Dahomey, is following closelythe deliberations now inprogress in the Security Council with the participation of four Ministers for Foreign Affairs speciallyauthorized by the Organization for African Unity at its last conference at Addis Ababa. The Union ofAfrican and Malagasy States, aIl of whose Member States belong to the Organization for African Unity, fully supports the positions upheld by the said Ministers on behalf of aIl Africa, and declares itself firmly in favour of the Afro-Asian draft resolution, which in part embodies earlier resolutions adopted by the United Nations. Those resolutions had already condemned the policies of apartheid practised by the Union of South Africa, as weIl as Portugal's refusaI to co-operate in the decolonization of its African possessions. The Heads of African and Malagasy States believe that the United Nations and its Security Council cannot reject the African complaint calling for the liberation of the still dependent territories and expressing indignation at the negative attitude of Portugal and the Republic of South Africa with regard to the obligations imposed on aIl Member States by the Charter of the United Nations. The Heads of African and Malagasy States earnestly hope that right and justice will prevail in the current 5. The states which form the Union of African and Malagasy states are members of the great Organization for African Unity set up at. Addis Ababa. They are now meeting at Cotonouin order to settle a number of problems concerning the Union of African and Malagasy states and the African and Malagasy Organization for Economie Co-operation, and their intention in sending this telegram is fii'stly to reaffirm,their complete and entire support for the decisions ta..1{en at Addis Ababa, and secondly to dispel any doubts which may be spread by interested parties concerning their firm determination to struggle for the earliest possible restoration of the liberty ofthe peoples under Portuguese administration.. 6. The States members of the Union of African and Malagasy States therefore earnestly request aIl the members of the Council to votefor the draft resolution before them-which is really very moderate in toneand wish to make a special appeal, through me, to States with which theyhave particulaI' ties of friendship, so that, in this matter which is so important and so serious in their eyes, aIl the true friends of Africa may unite to recognize the sacred and imprescriptible right to self-determination of the African peoples under Portuguese administration. 7. Ml'. JIMENE Z (Philippines): The Philippine delegation would like to take this occasion to express its profound satisfaction at the announced conclusion of the partial nuclear test ban agreement by the representatives of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Although this agreement does not automatically remove the other great dangers of nuclear war, it symbolizes a considerable easing of international tension and a desire on the part of the major nuclear Powers for peace. The Philippine Constitution has outlawed war as an instrument of national policy. We are therefore gratified by the fact that the initial signing of the partiaJ nuclear test ban agreement confirms to a great degree our national belief in the necessity of peace. 8. l now turn to the item inscribed in our agenda. It is to be regretted that sometimes our discussions here turn into mere polemics which tend to becloud the main issue before us. For example, the Foreign Minister of Portugal yesterday [1047th meeting] took the Philippine delegation to task for notbeing accurate about its sources of information. He asked where we had obtained our facts and protested that we had made statements which were not based onhis speech. Skilful and plausible though his first intervention might have been, the Philippine delegation naturally could not be expected to limit itself solely to the use of the Portuguese Foreign Minister's speech. Instead, we turned ta other sources-the most authoritative ones known ta us in the United Nations, namely, the Report of the Special Committee on Territories unde:r Portuguese 9. The Foreign Minister of Portugal said that we had touched upon a veryimportantissue-Portugal'spolicy of assimilation. The Philippine 'delegation, when it discussed this very fundamental problemin its intervention, did not produce its findings out of this air. In part two of the Report of the Speciaî Committee on Territories under Portuguese Administration, in the sections on civil and political rights and the status of the inhabitants as well as in the section on education, the concrete, stultifying effects of Portugal's policy of aseimilation are clearly outlined. The Report of the Special Committee of Twenty-four on "Territories under Portuguese administration" likewise stresses this facto The classification of the population as "civilizado" and "nao-civilizado" was made in official statistics up to the end of 1960, although there was no legal basis for such a distinction. The distinction between non-assimilated persons and citizens under the Native statute of 1954 was officially employed until 1961. For the sake of clarification, if clarification be needed, l shaH, with your permission, read paragraph 406 of the Report of the Special Committee on Territories under Portuguese Administration: "The Committeenotes that the basicdissatisfaction of the people in Territories under Portuguese administration a.rises from the essentially colonial relationship the Territories have with Portugal. The statement of Portugal's historic mission of colonization which is contained in the Constitution shows beyond any doubt that, fundamentally, Portugal aims at imposing on the non-European populations in Territories under its administration Portuguese culture and citizenship, thereby denying to the indigenous populations the opportunities· for the development of their own personalities and the fulfilmentof their· o~m aspirations. The Cornmittee considers that this denial of the peoples' rightful aspirations is the cause of the deteriorating relationship between Portugal and the Territories under its administration. It therefore considers that a change of attitude on the part of Portugal, based on li realistic appreciation of the historical forces at work, Is necessary. There can be no peaceful or permanent solution otherwise." 10. The Philippinè delegation has relied on these reports, for in our view they contain facts objectively .established aJ:ld ascertainedby responsible Committee .11 Official. Records of the General Assembly. Seventeenth 'Session, Annexes, aclqenclwn ~oagenda item 54. . '.YIbid., Sixteénth. Session, Supplement No. 16 and ibid., Seventf:enth Session,ADn.exes,· adclenclumto agenda item 29•. ,~,IIbid.. Eighteenth Seesion, AIl.nexes, addendulll to agenda item 23, chap,n.· . . .... . 11. Regarding our statement that Portugal is the last of the colonial Powers to cling te its territories because of economic necessity, and the statement of the representative of Ghana that Portugal is the poorest country in Western Europe, the Philippine delegation believes that there is nothing to be reconciled, because these statements complement each other; indeed, they may even have the relationship of cause and effect. 12. The Philippine delegation, notwithstanding the gratJitous accusations of the Portuguese Foreign Minister, does not take its duties as a Council member lightly. Before it makes known its views. it ascertains the relevant facts and-to borrow his words-itundertakes "independent research". The reports of the Committees called upon to consider this question are not "circulated for propaganda purposes". as he suggests.

Ihave no more speakers on my list. The Security Council will therefore now go on to vote on the draft resolution submitted by the delegations of Ghana. Morocco and the Philippines. 14. Mr. ALVARADO (Venezuela) (translated from Spanish): As you are aware, Mr. President, various consultations have taken place since yesterday, and it appears that they have been partially successful. However. certain further consultations and negotiations which were begu:n at the same time as this afternoon's meetinlg are still in progress, and 1 would therefore be grate:Eul it you could agree not te have an immediate vote. 15. 1 am not submitting a formaI proposaI. but 1 believe we could choose one of the following alternatives: either to suspend the meeting for half an hour or three-quartex-s of an hour. or to adjourn the meeting until tomorrow. to permit continuation of the consultations which were begu:n this afternoon in an effort to reach an agreement on which a decision of the Security Council mil~ht he based. 16. Mr. QUAISON-SACKEY (Ghana): My delegation is in sympathy with the courteous suggestion that has been made by the representative of Venezuela. But we should like to say that the Foreign Ministers who were designatedby the Heads of State came here on a crash programme. They came here to present the case of Africa on the two main items which are contained in the agenda before the Security Council. A conference will take place in Dakar on 1 August. and 1 am sure that the members of the Council will be bound to ta1:e this into consideration in any decision which they take Îl'l regard to a suspension or adjournment of the meeting. 17. Of course. the representative of Venezuela has not made a formaI proposaI. He has suggested that we might possibly suspend the meeting for forty-five minutes to an hour, for consultations to take place. 18. Thus my delegation. while ft sees no objection to a suspension for a few minutes to allow further consult.ations to take place. would be unhappy if there was a.1 adjournment of the meeting which would put the Council into difficulties.

The Council has heard the statement of the representative o~ Venezuela a.'ld the remarks of the representative of Ghana. Although neither of these representatives has made a formaI proposaI. it would appear that the meeting might with advantage be suspended. and if there are no objections we will resume the debate at 5 p.m. It was so decided.· The meeting was suspended at 4.20 p.m. and resumed at S.S p.m. 20. Ml'. ALBARADO (Venezuela) (translated from Spanish): In my ear.lier statement. 1 indicated that my delegation's main concern in this matter was for the Council to find the best way of initiating the process of decolonization of the territories under Portuguese administration. With this in view. and bearing in mind the remarks made during the debate. my delegation is of the opinion that li certain amendments were made to the draft resolution submitted by Ghana. Morocco and the Philippines [S/5372]. this might remove the difficulties whichcertain delegations have with regard to the draft resolution. 21. My delegation therefore proposes that the following amendments [S/5379] should be made to the d:raft resolution: ---' "1. Delete the last preambular paragraph. "2. In the second operative paragraph. replace the first word 'Decides' by the word'Affirms'. "3. !Il the third operative paragraph. replace the \Vorq 'C9J,lq~mns' by the word 'Deprecates'. "4. In thefourthoperative paragraph. replace in the second line the words 'isseriouslyendangering' .by the words 'is seriously disturbing'~ "5. Jn.the flith operative paragraph. replace the :flrst three lines. by the following \yords: 'Urgently calls .upon .Portugal. to implement tl1e following:'. The·.rest Qf the. paragraph would remain unchanged. "6. In the sixth operative paragraph.replace the first word 'Decides' b,y the ward 'Req~ests'. . "7. In·theseventh operatiV'e paragraph. replace in the .. secondline the words 'and necessary as- 22. These are the amendments proposed by my delegation with the aim of facilitating the Council's work and in the hope that they will be accepted by the co-sponsors. l appreciate that some delegations may consider it necessary to hold consultations regarding these amendments. and it therefore appears advisable to postpone the vote until tomorrow.

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