S/PV.1076 Security Council

In accordance with the decision of the Council. 1 propose to invite the representatives of.India, Liberia, 'Madagasoar. Tunisia and Sierra Léone to take places at theCouncil table. At the mvitation of the President. Mrs. V. L. Pandit (India)~Mr.· R. Grimes (Liberià), Mr. A. Sylla (Mada- 'gascar). Mr. Mongi Slim (Tunisia) and Mr. J. Karefa- Smàrf (Sierra LeoiJe)took places at the Council table. 2. Mr. JIMENEZ (Philippines): The Security Council has resumed Us meetings ina sombre an~ saddéned nlood. IIi the death of President Jo.lln F. Kennedy. sa unexpected. and so wanton. the United Nations has sUffered· a grievous loss. Thé Philippine delegation offers t() you. Mr. President. and throughyou tothe Ameriçanpeople. my Government's andthe Philippine people's profoundest condolences" In the highest traditions of his..cpuntry. President. KenneclY stood for freedom and human, rights for aIl men 'on this tormentedplanet of oUrs. It was his dream--andhe spoke oUt again and again in his. own eloquènt manner-that men•. 110. matter of what colour. creed or race. had a right to the.pursuit of personal happiness andnati,onal integrity.Iam. fully conscious of the madequacy of woi'<is before such a tragic event. Grief is the only garland thatthe livingcan offer the dead. 3. The Sécurity Council is considering for the second tiDlethîs year·the.·question. of the polîcies of apartheid of the· Government of South Africa. Only on7 August 1963 the Council adopted a resolution which inter alia declared that .the situation il1 South A~rica "is seriously disturbing' international peace" and which solemnly caUed upon aU States:"to· <:èase forthwith the sale and shipment. of arms. ammunition of aU types'and military vehicles tG South Afriéa.".!t The Philippines hadthe honour to co-sponsor that resolution•.. the second one ·adopted· bY·· the Council.on the q\lestlon of apartheid. .!/offidal. Records of the ~çurity Council,Eigltteenth Yi!ar, 5uPPlemenffpifJi!ly, AUgüflt and Septetrtbèr1993. document 5/5386•. 5. There is no need at this point to go over the long historyof apartheid here at the United Nations. It has become a familiar issue; yet it remains a burning one. Suffice it to say .that the question at stake in South Africa is· not military or poIitical but one of nmdamental human rights as set forth in the Charter - of the United Nations and in the Universal Declaration of Ruman Rights. Specüically, Article 55 of our Charter calls upon Member States to promote: nuni- _ versaI respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for aIl without distinction as to race, sex; language or religion." 5. de nous Qu'il Sud il qu'ils Unies de engage. universel libertés de 6. espérer prendrait à les d'arbitraire. resté la au 11 nous 7 Conseil l'ArHè~e2 selon que Bud-africain. faveur contraire lequel viduelle 6. The adoption of the resolution of7 August raised hopes that the Government of South Africa would in some •way recognize its primary responsibility to the majority of its. population, whose human rights it has denied in so arbitrary and prolonged a manner. Row-: ever, the Government of SOuth Africa MS once more demonstrâted its sterile and intransigent attitude in the reply of itsMinister of Forei~ Affairs to the Secretary-General of the United Nations of 11Octobèr 1963 contained" in the Secretary-General's report,Y inpursuance of the resolutionof 7 August. The letter stated that the Council resolution violated the provisions of Article 2 (7) of the Charter andrepeated the. old· contention" that South Africa's .policy of apartlleiq was one which was weIl within the Governmertt's domestic jurisdiction. The letter also claimed that t)le call for an arms èmbargo wasa denialof the spirit of Article 51 of the Charter, whioh deals with the right of individual or collective self-defence. ! 1 7. Thereforewe are facedwithaconfoundingproblem where a Government does not, inthis particular issuE;l, recognize the authority or respect th~ meaning of ,the United Nations. In _its consistently hostile attitude towards_ the trnited Nations the Government of Dr. VerWoer.d flatly denies that tlle concern for .human rights is a concern of aIl Member States and that it is of universal s:;ignüicance.lnstead South Afriça has continued tq pursue unabatedly its policy ofapartheid despitethe Security çouncil's latest resolution. Ithas gone ahead unhesitatingly in implementing repressive legislative measures, suchas the Group Area Act, the· Bantu tàws Amendment Act and the General Amendment' Act, measures calculated to control the m.0vements •of Africans ,Asi~sand colourèd. witha view to .ensuring theeconomicandpolitical dominance of. the -white minor~ty. The cre.ation 'of ·Bantustans, ostensibly designed to give to·the Bantu pôpulation a 7. un. refuse ou hO$f:jlité. ment que -la les entier. sans dernière pas ~lleque -ment v.ïsentà des domination blanche ~llbid.,. 5/5438. YIbid., ~uppiemeJlt for Oc;tober, November and Dec;ember ·19{i3, document S/5438. . , 8. The 8ecurity Council resolutioÎl of 7 August also called upc)n the Government of South Africa: "to liberate .a.ll persons imprîsoned. interned or subjected toother resti'ictionsfor _having opposed.the policy of apartheid". Nothïng has peén donein this direction; instead the number of arrests anddetentions has increased. Furthermore. the arbitrary trial of some important .prisoners by the South 'African Government ledtheGeneral Assembly on 11 October 1963 to adqpt by an overwhélming majority resolution 1881 (XVllI). which called on that Government: " ••• to a.bandon the arbitrary trial hOw in progress and fO:rthwith to grant unconditional release to lill political prisonersand ta allpersons imprisoned~ interned or subjected to other restrictions for having oppOsed thëpolicy of apartheid." SOuth Africa oan·.i11.afford .to allow that·appeal to go 1.llÙleeded. for thefate of these prisonei's will have profoqndrepercussions not only on the African continent butelsewherè. 1). . l'he genuineconcern ofthéUnited Nations for the racialproblem of South Africli hasnot.therefore,lost .·mo.rnent\lm.Specializedagencies of the UnitèdNations have .• reJl8atedly conlienwedthe policy of apartheid; indeed. S9ID,e of these agéncies havenow excluded South Africli fromparticipatïng in'theil:' wOl,'k. The finaJ >i:epOrtof the Speçial Committee on the Policies of •. Âpli:t'theid of. the' GovernInent of the .Repulllic of Sç\ltb Afl'ica;.Yof.whichthePhi~ppineshasthehonour ofb~ing a ID,eID,ber• especiallyexpres.ses Us. profound anxiety over.the extensive li:t'ms builèl-up initiatec:l.bY the yerwoerd Government. WhilstsouthAfrica certainl)'has tlle .inb.erent rightto self-defence.the steady anQ.\lP.relentingincrease of Us defÈmçepudget. of itsmanuflict\lre of arm.sandammunitionand of Us im,po:ts of modern we.il,l'lOns pointtoother vit8J. considerations thall that oifself-defence.In ,the very wOl'd$ofSoutll Aftica'sMinisterofDefenoe who spoke béfore flle flouse of Assembly on 24 •.June .1963, the mostimporta.nt·of •the principal·. tasks of the .armed forces is ."toassi8t '1b.e-police to.maintaininternal ardèr". >Furthermore.the factthat the non-white p<lpulati()n isexCl\ldedfromSouth Africa's rigorously tl'àinedJI1ilitary a.nc:lcivilian forces reveals the white populatioll's' •intention tO\lPholdits dominant positon t~ou~ fOl,'ce wh~n necessli:t'y; lO•. Inbrief,the reCOgnition anqenjoyment of humaI) rightEi c()lltinues to.be syste.matica,lly:s\lppressedand ~lini~p t()<tIienQ~.,.whitepOp\llati()npfSouth Africa ta .... a,ae.gi'e.,e.tl!~tcan 110 longe.rbêtole;ra,ted. The s+t\la,tion littW,SpÔiJ,it.whi.le. it<.Qasnot.broken outintoact\lal ç'o~UCt;êlâ.ng;erouslysee.tlles'YitllViole11ce andhatréd. "'W9#1l;iâl.~gcords •• 9f~l1e·GelleraJAssèrriblYilj)ighÛ!ell~hSessiôn. '. :AlûJe5ces.1I(j(jendtifutollgenthiitem30(A/5497aIld Adâ.l)." 11. Members of the Council should not be lulled into inaction by the actual absence of an outbreak of hostilities and thereby conclude that a threat to peace does not exist. The situation is potentially dangerous and members of the Council would be negligent in their dutYto safeguardinternational peace and security li they deliberately remained blind to the dangers inherent in such a situation. 12. The Philippine delegation, since the first session of the General Assembly, has taken an unequivocal position on the racial policy of South Africa. It has supported aU General Assembly resolutionspertinent to this item. We have done so because we believe that the time has come when aIl men of whatever race, colour or' creed should Jully enjoy their rights as human beings.Too long have our brother Africans and Asians in South Africa been denied their fundamental freedoms. in an age when Africa's capacity and talent to shape its own destiny manifests itself increasingly day by day. My delegation supported General Assembly résolution 1761 (XVII) and the Philippine Government has adopted economic aIid other measures to implementtl;i.at resolution, as con..,. tained in the Secretary-General's report. This decision has entailed some sacrifice on the part of our people. but my Government firrnly believes that the temporary benefits arising from South African trade are not worth the abaiIdonment of its traditional respect for human rights. 13. prendre ciaux économiques pâr l'économie puissances d'influencer du Sud. 14. l'Afrique d'apartheid. pris les de son que doivent distinction. naires. s'efforcer en répercussions 15. après l'idéologie des relations· étudier_ 13. But we are now beginning to realize more fUlly that unless the major trading partners of SouthAfrica themselves adopt economic measures against South· Mrica, the imposition of sanctions py other countries Will· have little effect on South .Àfrica's economy. Great and heavy responsibility. therefore lies with these countries, for it ia in their power to influence . South Afdca's future course of action. 14. The major trading partners of South Africa have verbally opposed the policyof apartheid. but have unfortunately not yet takenadequate measures in inrplementation of General Assembly and Security qouncil resolutions to discourage South Africa from pursuing hG racial ideology. It is an establishedprinciple that human rights are indivisible and that they mllst be fully accorded to andenjoyed by a1'l men. These are the very goals that South Africà's major trading partners should·now secure in order to prevent a further deterioration of the sitUation in SouthAfrica which may produce tragic consequences for aIl of us. 15. What can the Council do at this junct\l1'e aside from e'X.pressing its concernover SouthAfrica's racial ideology•.The Philippine delegation believes that the countrres which enjoy important relations with South Mrica should seriously study ways and means.by which they canimpose economic and diplomatic sanc- 16. My delegation further believes that the arms embargo must continue andshould be broadened to help diminish South Africa's arms build-up. A repeated appeal must also be made for the release of ail political prisoners and detainees accused of opposing apartheid before it is too late. In spite of its past failures to participate effectively inSouthAfrica, the United Nations should continue to keep tlle matter of apartheid under study and review. . 17. Fiilally, a spirit of humility, conciliation and courage i8 necessary from all concerned li bloodshed and violence are to be avoided. Let us not forget that the issue is not the black against the white, the white against the black, but rather the struggle of the majority of a population for their fundamental human 'l'ights which the United Nations has enshrined as belonging to· aH mankind.

Before1explain my.delegàtion's position on the substance of theproblem on the Security CouncU's agenda, 1 sMuId like to associate myself with the speakers who have already~xpressedcondolencesto the people and Government of the United States on the. tragic death of Mr. John ~ennedy, the President of the United States. .The Soviet Government and people s~'re thé American people's sorrow at this grievous lo~.s <'.nd express .the hope that the search for solutions to !~",:.resolvedprob­ lems--a searoh to which President Âennedy made considerable contribution-will be pursued in the interestsof peace and for the benefitof all mankind. 19. Thesecurity Council is again considering the question of the inhumanpolicies of apartheid and racialdiscrimïnation Purlilued by the South African r~ginie. We are compelled once again to deal \Yith the situation in South Africa. which is engendering threat topeace and security that is not confined to the continent of Af:i'ica. The thirty-two African and Asian Stàtes which·requested that the securityCOUDcil shoü1dconvene have pointed to the need to "consider additional measures to ensure thé compliance of the South Afriëan Government with previous Security Council resolutions and its obligations as a Member State".Y .20. There is no need to analyse again in detail every aspect of .the question of apartheid in South Africa. They are still fresh in the memory of the members of .the Council since it was quite recently that the .COUllcil had·.a thorough discussion of this question and, .as we aH know, it has also been considered at the current session of the General·Assembiy. 22. These telling and well-reasoned statements have provided a profound analysis of the shameful ideology and practices of apartheid in South Afric:a and have substantiated the caU for resolute andenergetic action by the Security Council against the SOuth African régime. 23. On 7 August last the Security Çouncil adopted a resolution in which it strongly deprecated the South African Government's racialist policies as being "inconsistentwith the principles contained in the Charter of the United Nations and contrary to its obligations as a Member State of the United Nations". The resolution called upon the States Members of the United Nations to cease the sale andshipmentof arms and ammunition to South Africa. The Security Council unequivocaUy indicated that the situation in SOuth Africa was seriously disturbinginternational peace and security. It called upon the Verwoerd rêgime to liberate 8011 persons imprisoned, internedor subjected to other restrictions for having opposed the policy of apartheid. . 24. The South African authorities, however, received this decision by the Council with uilconcealea hostility. Speaking at Smithfield on 17 August, in other words a· few days after the adoption of the aforesaid' resolution by the Council, Ml'. Verwoerd stated that apartheid was the only policy which· might lead to peace and prosperity.He went 510 far as to assert that South Africa was. destined by fate itselfto become . the country which would give whites alloverthe world a new .source of inspiration. 25. In the light of these statements by the head of the South African authorities it should come as no' surprise that the SOuth African Government reacted to the Security Council resolution by launching a new' wave of cruel repression against the indigenous African inhabitants of the country. Itis commOIlknowledge that a fake trial has been organized in the Republic of South Africa for the purpose of dealing with the most prominent leaders of the country'51 national liberation movement, and everybody will recall that the General Assembly unanimously adopted a resolution [1881 (XVIII)) in that connexion which clearly demonstrated the attitude of the peoples and Governments throughout the world to the arbitrary processes in the Republic of SOuth Africa. 26. The General Assembly, considering reports to the effect that the racists were arranging the trial, condemned the Government of the Republic of SOuth ~rica for its failure to comply with the resolutions of the General AsseIl}bly and of the Security Council calling for an end to the repressioIJ. ofpersons opposing apartheid, and requested the Governmentof the Republic of South Africa to. abandon thearbitrary trial and forthwith to gran.t unconditional release to 28. Representatives in the General Assembly have again witnessed a repetition of the sarne monstrous preaching of racial discrimination and of the policy of the supremacy of the white minority. the same old hypocritical charges that thewholeworldincluding the United Nations isprejudiced against the Republic of South Africa. The United Nations rostrum has agaiIi been used by the South African representative for advancing racialist pseudo-theories which ha.ve long been rejected and condemned by mankind as a whole. 29. Even those who. until recently. cherished the illuslon that the South African Government might see rel(son an.d heed the demanda of the peoples and of the United Nations. those who advocatedmoderation towarda the Republic of South Africa and who counselle~against energetic action. cannot now fail to see that words.and persuasion makenot the slightestimpression upon the South African raciâlists. They do not even deem it necessary to conceal theiI.' intention topersevere in their old course. as can be seen beyond any doubt from the latest replies by the South African Government to the inquiries of the United Nation:;;; Secretary-General. 30. South Africa's racialist régime continues to vio'" lare the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the ... purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter .and stu/;>bornly persists in àisregarding the twenty-nineGeneral Assembly and Security Council resolutions condemningapartheid and calling for an end tothis degradiilg manifestation of our age. Is it not monstrous that racial discrimination and the inhUDlan ideologyandpractices of apartheid shouldhave be~n elevated in the Republic of .South Africa to the dignity of aState policy and philosophy? Racial anta.gonism permeates a11 spheres of econonûc and sociallife in that country. 31. By force of arms, persecution and draconian laws, South Africa's racialist régime Is trying to keep the overwhelming majorityof South Africa's people in bandage. The tragic lot of theindigenous African population·and of the Indians and Indo'"Pakistanis in the country is wellknown. According to data from th~SouthAfricanUnionfor .Social and Industrial Research.lialf the African famillesïil themainurball centres. liveunder conditions of appalling destitutiOn, 32•. A.further~ntensification of thepractice of 80- ca.lled, l'separate develoIlIn.ent" .• is. to be found in the establishmentby the Verwoerd régime of the first "l3antustaIin. il1 .Transltei...,a reservation and a ghetto 33. The information reaching us shows that discrimination against the non-white population of the Republic of South Africa has been taken to extremes, that the human dignity of millions of Africans has been besmirched and is being brutally trampled upon. The Africans who. as the indigencus' inhabitants of the land, ought to enjoy every right. have no political rights, may not change their residence and encounter humiliations and insults atevery step. They are not allowed to travel in the same buses, to stây in the same' hotels, to eat in the same restaurants or even tü sit on the same street benches as the racialistsand aIl merely because the latter have white skins. 33. trent mination poussée lions pieds. devraient politique, heurtent Il ni dans dans et ont 34. thodes d'administration population vigueur dérisiQll qu'un "mauvais une ou 35. cours 78 politique condamnés à 4 34. The South African racialists resort to openly fascist methods in the system of governmènt and in their treatment of the indigenous inliabitants. The. fascist statutes in force in the republic of South Africa make a mockery of law and justice.Suffice it to say that any policeman in the Republic .of South Africa has only to suspect that a citizen of the country holds so-called "wrong views 11 for the latter to be thrown into solitary confinement and kept rotti."'1g in gaol for many months or even years. 35. The whole world is aware that the seventy-eight trials have been held in the Republic of ~uth Africa in recent months involving 997 persons charged with opposing the policies of apartheid. Forty of themhave . been sentenced todeath, six to life imprisonment and 650 to' terms of ilnprisomnent totalling more than 4,000 years. 36. nouvelles torturent l'apartheid. du au a agit suspects a plongeait l'eau les élèctriques. 36. Universal indignation has been aroused by the news that the South African authorities are spbjecting' the imprisoned fighters against apartheid to torture. . Mil'. Hamilton Russell, a former member of the South African Parliament, speaking at a congress of the Progressive Party in Gapetown attheendofNovember quoted examples of brutality by the police applying the Preventive Detention Act. under which suspects may be heldfor ninety days without trial. He réported thatpersons detained in South African dungeons are plÙIlged incold water for long periods of tinie, are made to wear gas masks until theylose consciousness àlld are given electric shocks. 37. Mrs.Pandit, the Chairman of the Indian delegation, was fully justified insayinghere[1074thmeeting] that the practices of the South Afrîcanrégime are co'mparable only with Nazi Germany's barbarous policy aimed at exterminating, entirepeoples ,on the pretext of racial inferiority. Indeed. the aets IioW being perpetrated by South African racialistsand the heinous ideology they are preaching must 1;>e 'stamped out justas the Nazis in Hitler's Germany werefor their crimes. 37 a que se nazie, entiers, ce l'idéologiechâtiment, crimes 38'~ quiétude motivée, du'., 38. &èrious concern in African countries__and in othel'countries too-is also caused RY thefactthat South Africa's.racist régime .isfeverishly strengthening' its'.war machine, is ,acquiring the most, modern 39. As bas been stressed here, in the SecurityCouncil, and in the General Assembly and in the reports of the Special Committee on Apa.rtheid, the increase in expenditure on the police foroes, the stockpiling of armaments and the over-equipment of the army of the racmUist South African Government present a threat not only to the indigenous inhabitants of the Republic who, at Sharpeville, have al1'eady had expèrience of machine guns, but also toother countries in the continent of Africa. 40. In its efforts to maintain white minority rule over the overwhelming indigenous African majority, the verwoerd r~gime is developing co-operation wit~ Ml'. Field's racialist r~gime in Southern Rhodesiai according to press reports this "co-operationIl provides for the possibility of South Africa'8 furnishing the Field r~gime with "a certain qua:ltity of weapons and technical know-how" and for the holding of joint military manœuvres. The same armaments are also used by Ml'. Verwoerd to mamtain the illegal occupation r~gime in South West Africa andto implant racial discrimination there. South Ai'rica's racialist r~gime also haslinks with. Portuguese colonialism, to which it is made kin by common designs against the African peoples' national liberation movement. 41. In the statements by representatives of African countries attention is being drawn to the fact that South Africa's racialist Government would bave been unableto persist in pursuingits policy forso long were it .not for the economic:, political and military supPQrtof a number of Wèstern·Pçwers. 42. ln· this connexion one must recall the statement byl\:1l'•. Diallo Telli, the Guinean Ambassador, who ia ChlÙ1'man of .the Special Committee ·on Apartheid wmch, as has rightly been said, bas done m~ch useful work.Speaking in the SpecialPolitical Committee on 30 October 1ast, Ml'. Diallo Telli uneqùivocally pointed tothe. speéial responsibility of the States which,dirèctly. or indirectly, are encouraging the policies of apartheid of the GovernmentoftheRepublic of south Africa.·Withyour permission 1 shallquote a passage fromhis statement: . "These. States are· the United.Kingdom of Great Brîtainand Northernlrelandin thelead, the United States of America, France, Italy, West Germany, Japan,.HolllUidand Belgium.None ofthesecountries. having announceçlany . concl'ete measures toput an end 10 .their .co-operation with South Mrica in the diplomatie, .economic . and,especiallY, thetraeJe fields,it ia neCessary .•again to pose· the .problem in clear...cut. tel'ms to these . States ·§O as to a.void deluding interna.tionâL opinion by s1mplyadopting 0I1eIIlore· l'esolution wit.houtthose .. States which ha.ve intheir .power •. thekey totheso~utionof the pl'o1>leJll of apartheid having indicated uI'if~quivocally 46. The situ;i.tion is crystal-clear. The time for halfmeasures and admonitions is over. What are needed are effective and telling sanctions against·theRepublic of South Africa and this is precisely the point raised in the statements by the African representatives in the SecurityCouncil and the General Assembly. The Security Council which bears primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security is in dutY bound to respond appropriately to this appeal. Only resolute action will compel the South African Government to abandon its policies of apartheid and racial discrimination. 47. It is clear from the report by the Secretary- General in pursuance of the resolution adopted by the Security Council on 7 August 1963 that the Governments of many countries are taking various teps against the South African Government in accordance . with the Security Council decision. This is a ~atify­ ing and welcome development. 48. At the same time the Soviet delegation c,annot overlook the views expressed here concerningthe desirability of establishing a special expert group to study.methods of overcoming apartheidin the Republic of South Africa and to consider the role which the United Nations might play in the matter. Without wishing to cast doubts on the motives by which the exponents of these views are guided, Wf;} should like to draw attention to the fact that such an approach to the question might be used to divert attention from the main issue-the need for the immediate eliminationof racïaldiscrimination and apartheid in the Republic of South Africa. .de 49. Is it not obvious that the proposed investigations and studies would be ,pointless in present conditions whenracialism is raging in the Republic of South Africa and the country's rulers will not aven hear ~Fora summary ofthoseremarks, see Clfficial Records of the General Assembly. Eighteenth Session, SpecialPolitica1 Comrilittee. 396th meeting. para. 37. '" 50. Instead of becoming involved in endless studies aimed at causing further delays and divertingattention from the substance of the question. the Security Council must strive to secure compliance by the Republic of South Africa with the decisions already taken by the Security Council and the General Ass.embly. 51. As for the society which will emerge·in the Republic of South Africa after the liquidationof apartheid. this is a question to be settled by the people and the people alone as it sees fit. Moreover, foreign interference would be intolerable since this is a domestic affair and a sovereign rightofthepeople of the Republie of South Afriea. and no· one. not even the United Nations, should under any eircumstances infringe the South African people's right to settle problems relating to the social and political structure of their country. 52. In this connexion may l draw attention to the fact that the Soviet Government's reply to the Secretary-General's inquiry in pursuance of the Security Council resolution of 7 August 1963 states that the Government of the Soviet Union considers it to be the dutY.of the United Nations to bring about the discontip,uance of the inhuman policy of apartheid pursued by the South African racists-a monstrous evil which doës not affect the peoples of Africa alone. 53. May l recal1 once again that the Soviet Union does not maintain diplomatic. consular or tracte relations with the Republic of South Africa. Needless to say. the Soviet Union has never supplied and is not now supplyingany kinds ofarmsormilitaryeq~pment to the Government of the Republic of South Africa and .that it has' never provideà and cannot provide any assistance to that country. 54. Rejecting colonialism and racial discrimination, and basing its policies on theprinciples of hUplanism and the equality of ail.people. the Soviet Government has declared that 1t is prepared to support any steps which the United Nations may find appropriate for the purpose of putting an end to the policy of racial discrimination and apartheid in the Republic of South AfriCa. 55. We are in favour of the Security Council's calling resolutely and. unequivocaily for compliance by the South African Government with the Security Council and General Assembly. resolutions provi<ling for the ending ·of the policies of apartheid and racial discrimination. 56. We fully support the legitimate request for the immediate application of economic, politicaland othe.r sanctions.against the Republic of South Africa, . including a total trade embargo and a ban on the export .of arms .and strategicgoods and of oiland pe~roleumproducts 19 that country.

By agreement. the consecutive interpretation into French of the statement by the USSR representative has been waived on the understanding that this will not constitute a precedent for future meetings of the Council. 59. MI'. NIELSEN (Norway): 1 wish to inform the Council that the Norwegian delegation has held informaI talks and consultations with members of the Security Council. with the four Foreign Minister~ present here who have a mandate from the Heads of State of thirty-two independent African countries. and with the representative of India. who is participating in the debate on the matter before the Council. 60. On the basis of these. talks and consultations. which have been carried out on the foundation of the main points of the statement. thatI made in the Council on 29 November [1074th meeting]. the Norwegian delegation has been given to understand that a draft resolution formulated on the basis of these points would be considered awelcome contribution to the discussion in the Council and would command wide support among Council members. This draftresolution is being circulated as document S/5469.&J 61. 1 do not find it necess.ary to read out the text of this draft resolution and to comment in detail on its contents. which should bewellknownfrommyprevious statement to the Council. 1 would. however. like to make a few remarks with regard to the operative part of the draft resolution. and particularly with regard to operative paragraphs 5. 6 and 7. 62. These paragraphs were drafted on the basis of the sad fact that the South African Government has not responded to the resolution of the Security Council of 7 August 1963. In the light of this sad facto we believé that the next logical step for the Council would be to adopt operative paragraph 5 in the present draft. which contains a call for an embargo on equipment and materials for the South African armaments industry. The purpose is to make a further effective contribution to the curtailment of the build up of the military potential of South Africa. The paragraph in question has been drafted.in such a way that the Council would act under the same provisions of the Charter as it did in August after a full deba(e. 63. During the talks leading up to the actual drafting of the resolution. it was generally understood that. and 1 quote from the text of operative paragraph 5. "equipment and materials for the manufacture and maintenance of arms and ammunition Il would refer particularly to such items as machines. parts and accessories for these machines. and machine tools. These items are. to ourknowledge. the mostimportant for a ~ountry in the process of expanding its own armaments industry. The paragraph is not meant ta include the spare partswhich are of a dUal capacity. §J Same text as·document S/5471 (Official· Records of the Security Council•. Eigh~eeIith Year. Supplement for October. Novemberand OeéelIlbér·1963). 64. The Norwegian delegation bas resisted the temptation, to make the draft resolution more va~e and subj~ct to different interpretations. This applies in particular tooperative jlaragraph 5. Wbatseems most important· to 'us is· that the great industrial countries should agree to take concrete steps to comply With theprovisionsformulated in ~e paragraph. 65. Operative paragraphs 6 and 7.consideredjointIy• represeIitthe core of the positive ideas put forward by the Nordic countries. As 1 said inmy statement tothe Council on 29 November: "••• thebelief should not bèabandoned thatit is-'stillpossiblefor the United NatiOns to influence the development in·(South Africa] so as to. avoid a catastrophe" [1074th meeting, pàra. 97-}./ . 6G.The :formulaiionof paragraph 6 is the result of oàrêful·.oonsideration and.consultation,particularly \Vith .the Sêcretary-General. who has indicated that he 'Will·'be.·, in a ,positiontorespond to the request. sb0\Û.dth~sec\lrityCouncil make such a 'request to lùnwThisparagraph should not. be regarded as an intervention in mattel's which are essentially within domestib jurisdiction.. nQr . areany other hidden motivesimplied•. Us purpose. as hasbeen stated, is toseekan.alternative.positive course leading to the full ...• application ofhumanrights and fundaIntmtal fr~~d~-.nsforaUÙÙlàbitants .of South Africa, and to considè.rw.bat parttbe United Nations might play in thatcolll).exion•.. , 67.·Thetask of· the United Nations canbe statedas follows:toassÎl'it< in the, achievement of the future pat~rllotsocietyinSouth.Africa whiçh. is .desir~d b~thepeppleofthat country. rather than to p~escribe apatt~:rn Q~sQcietY1orthatpeople. It is to behoped that'tbe<South African Government ,will. avoid itself ottll,e invitation to disc\issapeaceful and orderly tr,lÛÎsf()rmlltioll ofSOu.th AfriCllJlsociety,<instead of pursllÏl1gi~l!3"enforçementofthe' apartheid PQlicies. ", .-',•• ;.< ",'. --~. . : . ,-.::. ..,' . .' '. : .. ' '. ',- 68; Îpthiscontextlshouldijke torefer briefly to o~rliti'Ve'pga.graph8'Qfthedraft resolution, which 1!eq\iests'the.,'Se.cretary"Gênerai: "."~(fcq~tin.uét<)keePtll~~i~uatioIiUllder()bserVatiOIi àIi,d:t,()i'eP9tt.to'theêeC\lr~tYC:Quncill;l~9hnew·,de.. "Yelopmellts ·as:Illll)r 9cCur~ .llIlcl.in a,ny casenot,Jater Jha,lî.).~ulY 1~64.. ••••,". '," , . ,T~~pa.t~gr~PI1.hasalsobèendrafted.With greatcare. .It$hQl,Ild ••llotbethQught,thata.nydevelopmeilts,which IXlllytalteplac~ .,~SouthAfriçasl;l.ouldnot be brought ~ith~attentiono~tll~seC\1l"ity,C01.lllCil beca~seof :â.hyq~~1'>Pl'Q'Vj,~iolis~f2tlù.s7drattres~1~tion~., J[\lrther- ,"ID9re;,-and.·'1.\Vil;lh' ~~.emphasizetllis ....non~oftl1,e, P;r:o... 70. In conclusion, 1 express the hope that ail the members of the Security Council will be able to vote in favour of this drait resolution, in order that it may have the full impact of a unanimously adopted decision. 71. Finally. 1 invite the attention of the Government of the Republic of South Africa to operative paragraphs 2 and 4 of the drait resolution, which request and call upon that Government to bring its policies into conformity with the purposes and principles of ! the Charter of the United Nations and with the provisions of the Universal Declaration of HumanRights. Tt would be a day full of promise for the future if the unanimous adoption of this drait resolution were to be succeeded by the liberation of aIl persons imprisoned. interned or subjected to other restrictions for having opposed the policy of apartheid. T,he meeting rose at 12.40 p.m. 1i c:AMEROON/c:AMEROUN: L1BRAIR'~ .,U PEUPLE AFRICAIN La Gêl ..;'i ,'.l.P. 1197. Yaoundé.. DIFFU,,;' INTERNATIONALE CAMEROUNAISE DU LIVIi" ET DE LA PRESSE, Sanemalima. CONGO(Loopold.III.): INSTITUT POLITIQUE CONGOLAIS. B. P. 2307. Léopoldvme. IETHIOPIA/tTHIOPIE: INTERNATIONAL PRESS AGENCY. P. O. Box 120. Addis Aba~a. 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