S/PV.1077 Security Council

In accordancewiththe decision of the Council, 1 shall invite the ::-epresentatives ofIndia, Liberia., Madagascar, Tunisia andSierra Leoneto take seats atthe Council table. At the invitation of the President, Mrs. V. L. Pandit (India), Mr. R. Grimes (Liberia), Mr. A. Sylla(Madagascar), Mr. Mongi Slim (Tunisia) and Mr. J. Karefa- Smeirt (Sierra Leone) took places at the Council table.

Mr. Presid!=lnt, as this is the first timethatIhavetakenthe floor in the Council after the tragic event of 22 November, may 1 be allowed to convey toyou, as the. representative of the United States, the deep condolences of my delegation. The sad passing away of the young President of your greatnation shocked and grieved my Government and the pèople of my country. 3. As the Security Council resumes consideration of the policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa, it is proper and fitting that 1 should reiterate to thethirty-two African States, whobroughtthis issue before the'Council the unswerving loyalty of mycountry to the cause that inspires them. It may also be opportuneto reassure my colleagues principally responsible in the Council for steering this question throught the present phase of its evolutionofthe complete and·unreserved support of my delegation. 4. Duringthe course of our meeting on Friday,29 November [1074th meeting] the. representative of India recalled to ushow, seventeenyears aga, as representa.- tive of India, she had called, for the first time at the United Nations, the attention of the world community to the sad state ofa.ffairs. then prevailing in South Africa: We 'are.compelled to acknowledge tl~at since then littleprogress hasbeen lllAde. Timid steps have beel,l ta.ken to bring toan end the outrageous conditions towhich the. so-called non-white population issubmitted in South Africa. . 5..... IlIlu~t,~owever, paint.ollt thatoureffortshave not bee,n totally'in vain,fortheconscienceofthe world has 6. The real meaning of that decision should be pondered carefully by the GovernmentofSouthAfrica. The ring is closing, and the moment of decision cannot be delayed much longer. We have no doubt that if the measures alrepdy taken prove futile, others ofamore stringent character wiU eventuallybe adopted. l cannot foresee now what these measures will be, and l shall refrain from stating at this particula.r moment what in the view of my delegaton they should be. But l submit that the decisions of the Council, to which l have just referred, point clearly to the shape of things to come. 7. Every door and every outlet through which South Africa breathes and feeds will slowly be closed until thoseresponsible for their misguided policyaremade to understand that no one, powerful and secure as they may be, can defy forever the awakened conscience of the world community and transgreE!s every law and principle of human behaviour without paying a heavy penalty. Not one of these doors and outlets should be closed when unnecessary, but aIl of them should be shut if necessary. A policy of isolation in relation to South Africa is under way. 1 ;'lf :1 8. The draft resolution tabled by Norway [S/5469].Y contemplates a further. still moderate step in the implementation of that policy. Yesterday, .it wasaban on armaments that came from abroad; today. it is the suppression of the sale and shipment of equipmentand materials for the manufacture and maintenance of, arms and ammunition inside South Africa. It is an important step that will be rendered still more significant if those members of the COll.l1Cil principally involved in the trade of material and military equipment with South Africa adhere to the decision and commit themselves to see it carried out. We also approve of the request to the Secretary-General to establish a small group to report to him, a group of recognized expertl3 which would examine methods of resolving the present situation in SouthAfrica through the peaceful and orderly application of human rights. . f 1 1 j j 9. The idea, l believe, was originally aired by the Foreign Minister of Denmark during the current session of the General Assembly.~The transformation of the South African' régime into a democratic system will behamperedbytheveryfactthat the whole social andpolitical fabric now existing in that country 10. My delegation. will vote in favour· of the draft resolution· before the CounciL We consider it to be moderate and wise and the least that. at thisstage. can be expected from South Africaand fromMembers ofthéctTnited Nations. If itproves insufficîent. the Couitcil canthen draw upon the many other remedies and resources provided by the Charter.

Asweembarkonthe consideration of the question of apartheid. itisfitting that we' raball the valiant· stand which President Kennedy took in defence ofhumanfreedom andofthe equalityof maneverywhere. As we honour bis memory. let his noble words and his persona.lexamplehe aninspiration in our deliberations. 12, My delegation'sviews on the apartheid question aJ.'e. weUkn.own. Ràcial discrimination in any form. l1Jlder whatevet guise. is repugnant to us. It is alien to our culture and tra.dition. In the GeneralAssembly. in thisCouncil.aswellas in other organs of the United Natlons,wehavemade it unmistakably clear tha.t we àre unalterably opposed to racism and aU its manif~stations. 13. The discriminatory racial policies ofSouthAfrica were first brougllt·to the notice ofthe United Nationsas the representati\Te of India. Mrs. Pandit. recaUed inher statement before this Councillast Friday-by .the Îndiàn delegation à.t thefirstsessionofthe General Assemblyin 1946. .. 14. ':Mydelegation-and 1spokeforitonthat question.Y ....supported theIndianpositiontha.tthetreatIl1entIl1eted outbY theSotlth Africa,nGovernm.ent to the people of Indian: originëonstitutedA' V'Ï..olation of theCharter a.nd 'Was. th!:lrefore.within thepurview of the Ur.ited Na,- tions~ We'firmly ma.intainedthen tha.t questions in,.. volving'huIilanrights lUldfundameIltalfreedoms were of. mternat~onal COIlcern.and should not be regallded as purely 'witnin'dom~stic.jurisdiction. Thisis· still tb,e viewof~y del(i)ga.tion. 1fi.B.aQ~al<li$C~i~inàtionMsbad .. a long hisforYln South'Africa. Bùt apartheid as lÙ1officialideology is a'coinparativelyrecent innovation. At the time when . thequesti(jnof the treatllient·.or'ihepeople of Indiap. ·oliginwa~tfirsti'a.isedintheGeneral Assembly. the \VlOrd a~rtheid.itselfwassca,rcelYknown tCl tJte out.. :~i<lewQrld.Full-blowna,parthe1<l datesbackonly to 1!}48(whènDr~'Malan.and,' his NationalistPartydef~àted~ièldMars,llalSIilutsand}üs{InitedParty.'Since '-tb~tt·tbne~'tlJ.~wQl·ld.'hàf;:\\rj.tlleSlSedtl!ea~Clhf0l1i13tic '13~~~le9faQôyerJimentgedicatèci .•..to· ePîorcing .•a ·çQitgl()Illërat~<m.'<()fhil.t$4Ill~as~.es;·qeBj.~éd toinalJl~ • ~ '~', ,'.' ',' :: :' , " : .,-. -- ,o. '-.' ':. :-:-', .~ '- '. . - ',- -, .' ... - ,_. '.. -" - -', . ". '. ",4JJbicLiFitst.,session..(part Il),JointCommin~ofth~First'andsixth ~ttèeB.lSt~eÈ!tllJif.àJidPJèriaryMeétiJigs~)~~fl riieetiri~. . ; ;".'::'" ..' ,-,-- ;','- ," ,-".," , .~-_., ~- ~~.".~ .. ~~ _.~ -.-,,-,-. -, 17. It is of course true that racial prejudice or discrimination in one form or another is found in many lands and societies. Apartheid, however, is morethan simple racial prejudice or discrimination, fromwhich it differs in at least three important aspects. In the fil'st place, in other societies where racialprejudices exist, it Js usually the majority of the populationthat discriminates against a racia~, ethnic or religious minority, whilein South Africa the contrary is tl'ue. Rere it is thÎ;; determination of a powerful and militant minority to keep the overwhelming majority of the population in subjection. In the second placé, while,in other societies racial discrimination is a matter of social practice, inSouthAfricaitis elevatedto a moral principle, a sacred mission, and perpetuated in the name of civilization. In the third place, while other societies have in recent times directed their efforts to eradicating the blight of racial discrimination, South Africa has used the whole apparatus of governmental power toenforce it. It is small wonder that such a policy has incurred univel'sal disapproval as repugnant to the cohscience of mankind. j 18. On 7 August 1963, the Security Council adopted a restilution which, after determining that 7ithe situation in South Arrica is seriously disturbing international peace and.securityn, called upon the Government of . the Republic of 'South Africa "to abândon the policies tif apartheid". The Secretary-General was requested to "keep the situation inSouthAfricaunder observation and to report to the Security Council". 19. Thaiwas·four months ago. J'his aoes notseem to have made any impact on the Government of the Republic of South Africa. Not only has that GOvernment failed to, move along the Une laid down in the Council resolution; but there are indications that it has sought to intensify the drive for a,partheili and expand the scopeof its coverage. 20. It is a mark' of politicai prudence on thé part of the Afr~can Sta~s thatthey have Îlot allowed themselvesto resort to extreme action ID face of the frustrating,circumstances. Instead, theyhavebroughttheir case once again to the SecurityCoUncil. This" as the distinguished ,Minister for External Affa.irs of Sierra Leone, Dr. Karefll-Smart, pointed out inhisstatement of 29 November 1963, "•..,should beput to their. credit asa tangible demonstrationbftheir willingness toexploreall other possible means of achieving positive resultswithin ,theframeworkof ' ... the United Nations"[1074th ,meeting, para. 73]. ItisnoV\1 incwnbent'uponthe Council to takepractical [ ï 1 f f 1 1 ~teps with a view tÇ)bringingto an epd the injustice imposed by the apartheidpolicy. 22. The draft resolution thl'it has been proposed by the rèpresentative of Norway is calculated to bring further collective pressure to bear and, at the same time, to bringabout a peaceful and orderlytransformation. My delegation willsupport it. 23. Ml'. QUAISON-SACKEY (Ghana): Mydelegationis intervening at this stage-and in fact it is Imperative that we do so.....to pronounce itself on the draft resolution contained in documentS/5469, whichwasmovingly tabled by the Ambas~adorof Norway this morning. 24. May 1sayat once that, as a representative from Africa, this initiative has come as a weicome one. This is the first time we have been such an initiative taken by a non-Afro-Asian country on a matter which has been inscribed on the agenda by Afro-Asians. In fact, this is the first time a representative of a Nordic country, has proposed by himself, what, inhis opinion, would be solutions to a problem which has world-wide implications. 25. My delegation has studiedthe draft resolution very carefully, and the first reaction we have to the draft is that itcontainsanumberofvaluablepoints. We think ope:r:ative paragraph 5 of the draft supplements the embargo on arms and ammunition which the Council saw fit to impose.on 7 August.We also like the paragraph which appeals to aIl States to comply with the provisions of the last Security Council resolution on this subject. 26. This initiative, as Ihavesaid, is welcome because we have been told-the African States have been told__ that our present position is too extreme and that there are other positive measures whichcan be advanced and testèd. And that is whybothinthe Special Political Committee and in consultations whichthe Afro-Asians have. had with the Danish Foreign Minister and then with the Scandinavian representatives we indicated that ifthey had anyalternative proposaIs to makewe would like· ta .have them Considered. This draft therefore ~erits SaIlle consideration, 27. ·•• 13ut we have grave doubts as ta the necessity of establishing a "grou.p of l'eçognizedexperts", asis en.. visagedinoperative paragraph6 ofthedraftresolution. If the· taskofthegx-oup isto persmadethe South African GovernIIlent. to abatldon its racialist pqlicies, that is itsaPartPeld policies,. thenwe wou,ld wEllcornesuch a group. .AitEl,rall. themainissueatstakein Soutl:1 Arrica is the giving·of poIttica.l,economic.and socialequality 28. In 1953 and 1954 quite a sirnilar group of experts was extablisned.2/. to report to the General Assembly, and we an know the fate ofthat Commission of experts -in fact, nothing came out of its v1ork. 29. What is more, we fear that any agreernenton our nart to a special group of experts would commit us in Îarge measure. Supposing the group advocated the partition of South Africa-which we aU oppose-what, then, would the position of African States be in regard to such a recommendation? In the talks we have had with ourNorwegian colleaguethese pointswere brought out and, in fact, in his statement this morning he made it clear that on no account would there be a divided society-that what is conceived is a non-racial society, indivisible and whole. 30. As to our other fears we think the establishment of a group of this kind should not muzzle us; we think it should be possible for the Security Council ta meet at any time, should there be a crisis warranting a meeting of the Council;or that other organs of the Organization should be able to discuss this problem in spite of the establishment of this special committee of experts. 31. That is why weareveryhappytosee, in operative paragraph 8, the fact that the Secretary-General is supposed to report to the Security Council llsuch new development as may occur ...". l think this' is a sàlutaryaddition ta the draft, which we welcome, and it might weU help to put our fears at rest as regards paragraph 6. But we feel that ..such new development as may occurll could also be reported by the existing Special Committee on the Policies of Apartheid of' the Government of the Republic ofSouthAfrica, which, after aH, has been charged by the General Assembly ta be a watchdog over the whole problem of the apartheid policies of SouthAfrica.Wealsofeelthat the establishment of a smaH group of experts should in no way affect the work of the Special Committee, whose work has been mainly political and whose reports aIl of us have welcomed, whether in the General Assernbly or in the Security Ccuncil. 32. Sa, these are sOme of the reservations whichwe" have, ta the dI'aft resolution-and, in fact, we would like to see that paragraphdeleted. Wewouldalso have liked ta see in paragraph 5an additionto the part where the council li••• caUf;! upon all States to cease forth... c with the sale and shiplllent ofequipment and materials· for the manufacture and maintenance of arms and ammunition in South Africall • We wOl.lld have lilçe to see, in,addition tothe id~a of limaintenance", theword "use" of arms and ammunition inSouth Africa. Thiswould have strengthened that paragraph and would have, to use an American term, "cinched the case"., 33. We would also have liked to have seen included in thatsame paragraph 5 the addition of "aid". We think » See General Assembly resollitï9n 616 A (Vil). 36. We have been told that our methods aree~reme: \Ve have been told that the w~ywesee things is not the way others see things~therefore, we are prepared to giveourNordic friends thisopportunity of showing their band, of demonstrating what they can do. That is why we welcome this moratorium of !ive months and we think that after five months weshouldbe in a position to. assess the situation: whether wè are right or whether t#ey are. 37. Mi'.NIEL8EN (Norway): MayI express mydeepfelt gratitude for the. kind words addressed to the Nordiccoll1ltriesandtothe Norweigandelegation.They warIn o~ hearts particularly as they come from one of .thetw0 .African.representatives .on the Security CouncU. ft is ~ot the habit of the Nordic cOuntries to spel:lkon.eàch' other's behalf without having been expresslY a'Utborized to(jo 50, but Idothink. that 1 can taketh,e liberty of saying,()nbehalf of ~llthe NOl"Qic ç()J,U1trie13;,th~tthey~ppr~ciate very deeply the words ·j'Ustuttere<i .by .the distingwshed revresentative of Gha.na.' ' ' 3~L:WithregardtotIierequest fOra separatevote ()ncopèl'ative paragr~ph 6, Illay 1 appeal tothe repre.. s.entative"of Ghana-ifhecan seehisway-nottopress thisrèquest;'The reason is very simple.. From the 'N~rdiç• pointofview, operative.para:gl"aph 6 is, 1;be core of the initiative which we havefelt justifiedin takiIig intheCouncilinregudto thistragic affatr .'()fapàrtheidat tllis junctllre.IWithout that pa:ragl"aph there wouldhavebeenrio initiative byNorway in the CO'Uncil atthis titne. ""'. "">'.-"-'-.'. -"-.:, "'.': -'.'. '.. , .. '. '. ..... . '..'.: ' 3.9'.) shoulcl~iketQsay,'i~ concillsion, that Ido not '.' @lk Jtisamatterofchàice betweenwhether the ',4fl'i~an.Statesh~vê .be,eIll"ight. in their. doubtsor ~l1etl1ertheN()rdicStatesl1llvebE:len ri~htintheircon- îid~~çe. Wetbinlfthat weshould. express someco~i":' '.. clènée thatthe ·Sec~ity.Councilisgoingtobe right and 'th'atW~sluillbeable tb lQOkoil the matterwith sorne 13~lJIl!rt\13UrE:lofgrea:terconfidEmcewhenitis brought Qefpre t~eqo~9ilagain. . ' ." .. '... .......,. '.. . ..' 40. 'MI'.,'i3ENHIMA.' '(Morocco) (transla:tedfrClm French): Ir1InYEjtati3ment.YEl$terday morning f1075th rii~~tingl<I·'e2Cpre13sEld-thEl,hope thatith~ ..Go'UncilWOuld cc>nclu,dEl,itsidebatè ·~mtheqtlestiog.,of apartheid with ·th~a9m~ti()llofad!'aftl"es()lutionwhich wouldobÙl.in . Wla.IliIhou,,13sùpport. 1 shoulciIiJ,te te:> returlltotlle mean- 41. It is because of this concern for unanimity that we have co-operated with the Norwegian delegation . in drawing up the draft resolution. Since, however, it is because of our ideals that we have joined together in denouncing the poUcy of apartheid, we could hardly allow the diversity of our interests to be.the only reason which, when a specific resolution is beingconsidered, might give the impression that different attitudes are due to political and geographical divisions. 42. We highly appreciate the effort made by Ml'. Nielsen to enable our wishes tobe expressed in the text and, in fact, those wishes are largely covered in the preambularparagraphs. He has also made a praiseworthy effort to introduce in the operative part of the draft resolution some of the steps which we feel it is important and urgently necessary to take,although there are certain other considerations which we have expressed in the GeneraL Assembly and indeed here which have unfortunately found no place in the text. l . shaH have to .associate myself with the reservations made by the representative· of Ghana on th,e subject of paragraph6 of the draft resolution. After listening to the explanations givenbytheNorwegianrepresentative. ontwo occasions and the reservations expressed by the representative of Ghana, l should Uke tQexpress some myself in order to define andclarify the position of my delegation. 43. We should like it to be clearly understood that if this. Plitragraph is adopted it can iri no caseconstitute any limitation whatsoeveron the duties and functions of the Special Committeewhich a~e,as the General Assemblystated wllen estabUshing it,.to examine the problem whenever the situation makes thatnecessary. The group of experts could contribute additional elements on which the existingbodies COuldbasea judgement, but it can certainly not replace any of those bodies, since after 1 June ·1964, when, on the basis oftheSecretary-General's report,judgementis passed on the \Vorkdone by thisgroup of experts, we would be entirely ·free to decide whether it ls advisable to keep it inbeing· or whether itsfunctions should be brought to an end; 45. 1 am sure thatthese are the essential reservations that the African delegations would have liked to express with regard to paragraph 6. If these reservations are taken into account, 1 feel surethatIam expressing the feelings of the four African Ministers for Foreign Affairs, the representative of India and my coUeague from Ghana when 1 say thattheNorwegiànrepresentative's appeal will meet with thedesiredresponsefrom our delegations. It is in this spirit that, having expressed these reservations, 1 should like to address this .appeal not just to the Africandelegations but to the Council as a whole in the hope that we may achieve unanimity.

First of all, 1 should like to express to you, as representative of the United states, and throughyou to the Government and people of the United states, the sincere condolences of the Government and people of Venezuela on the tragic deathofPresidentKennedy, an outstandi~g man, who by his noble struggle for peace and respect for human dignityhas alreadywonfor himself a prominent place in history. 47. Once again this Council has met to consider the problem created by the system of apartheid in South Africa. This system violates the Purposes and Princi]::lles of the Charter oftheUnited Nations. The thirtytwo African States Members of our Organization have found it neeessary to request the present meetings of the Council in view of the report by the Secretary- GeneralÉ/ and especially the letter from the Minister :for Foreign Affairs of South Africa to the Secretary- GefiëraL reproduced in part IIofthat report. It appears from'Îhat letter that the GovernmentofSouthAfrica is not \villing to giye effect to this Council' s resolution of 7 August of this year. Indeed, the Government of South Africa has intensifiedlts discriminatory polic)' and has refused ta release aU persons imprisoned; interned or subjected to other restrictions for having opposed the poficy of apartheid, in spite of the provisions of operativeparagraph 2 of that resolution. 48. This Council must therefore coIisider what measures .should be taken next toconvince-the Government of South Africa that its position is untenable and that world opinion condemn~ the policy of apartheid. 49. 'l'hedelegation of Norway has submitted a draft resolution.along these fines. We consider thatthe provisionsinoperativeparagraph5ofthe draft resblution isof pa!'tieÙl.ar importanpe in that it. oaUs upon all States to cease.fortllwith the sale and shipment of eqùiprn.entand..materials for the mantlfacture anli maiIltenanoeofarmsand ammûniti,on in 80uthMriea.. This would .representa step forward by theOouncil .É/OfficialRecordSOftheSecurityCou~cil.Eighteenth Year, SUpple-: mentforOctob'er, November and Decembel: 19(\f3, dOCUment Sj5!i38. 50. In regard to .the provisions of operative paragraphs 6 and 7 of the draft resolution, my delegation welcomes the observations givenby the representative of Norway when he introduced his draftthattheir provisions do not violate Article 2, paragraph 7, of the Charter and would not entail any delay or cause the postponement of the adoption of stronger measures by the Council. 51, That being the case, and although my country is prepared to support more radical measures-as was shown in the debate and voting on the draft l'eso·· lution submitted to the Council at its August meetings [1053rd and 1056th meetings]-we consider that the draft resolution submitted by the delegation of Norway constitutes a step forward in the struggle against the policy of apartheid, and consequently we have the greatest pleasure in giving itour full support.

l have no further speakers inscribed for this afternoon. Before we adjourn until tomorrow at 10.30 a.m., may l renew my thanks to the members of the Security Council who have today expressed with such feeling and thoughtfulness, their sympathy to the people of my country in our recent grave loss. To my own thanks, l am sure l can add the respectful thanks of President Kennedy' s family and the American people who are honoured by your presence in our country and by the kindness that has been expressed so eloquently here in the Council chamber. 11 1 j The meeting rose at S.S p.m. 1 1 1 Schw~nthalerStr. 59. ELWERT UND MEURER Hauptstrasse 101. ALEXANDER HORN Spiegelgas~e 9. Wiesbaden. W. E. SAARBACH Gertrudenstrasse 30. GREECE/GR~CE: KAUFFMANN 28 Stadian Street. Athens. HUNGARY/HONGRIE: P. O. Bljx 149. Budapest ICELAND/ISLANDE: EYMUNDSSONAR H. Austurstraeti 18. ReYkjavik. IRELAND/IRLANDE: STATIONERY OFFICE. ITALY/ITALIE: L1BRERIA COMMISSIONARIA Via Gino Capponi 26, & Via Paolo Mercuri AGENZIA E.1.0.U., Via LUXEMBOURG: LIBRAIRIE J. TRAUSCHSCHUMMER Place du Thêâtre. Luxembourg. NETHERLANDS/PAYS-BAS: N. V. MARTINUS NIJHOFF Lange Voorhout 9. 's·Gravenhage. NORWAY/NORVÈGE: Karl Johansgate. 41. POLAND/POLOGNE: Warszawa. PORTUGAL: L1VRARIA 186 Hua Aurea. Lisboa. ROMANIA/ROUMANIE: Str. Aristide Briand P. o. Sax 134·135. SPAIN/ESPAGNE: LlBRERIA BOSCH. L1BRERIA MUNDI·PRENSA. AGUILARS. A.DE EDICIONES. SWEDENiSUÈOE: C. KUNGL. HOVBOKHANDEL Fredsgatan 2. Stockholm. SWITZERLAND/SUISSE: LIBRAIRIE PAVOT. HANS RAUNHARDT. TURKEY/TURQUIE: 469 lstiklal Caddesi. UNIC)N OF SOVIET UNION DES RÉPUBLIQUES SOVIÉTIQUES: MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNYIGA. Smolenskaya UNITED KINGDOM/ROYAUrilE·UNI: H. M. STATIONERY P. O. ~ox 569. London, (and HMSD branches Bristol, Cardiff. Edinburgh, YUGOSLAVIA/YOUGOSLAVIE: CANKARJEVA ZALO~BA Ljubljana, Slovenia. DR~AVNO PREDUZE6E Jugoslovenska KnJiga·. PROSVJETA 5., Trg Bra1stva i Jedinstva, PROSVETA PUBLISHING.HDUSE Import-Export Division. Terazije 16/.1:. Beograd. .c-~---"---'-----'-~UC'A.NOABOOKSHOP, P. O. Box 145. Kampala. UNITED ARABREPUBLIC/RÉPUBLIQUE ARABE UNIE: LIBRAIRIE "LA RENAISSANCE D'ÉGYPTE" 9 Sh. Adly Pasha. Cairo. AL NAHDA EL ARABIA BOOKSHOP 32 Abd·el·Ktlalek Sarwart St.. Cairo. ASIA/ASIE BURMA/BIRMANIE: CURATOR. GOVT~ BOOK DEPOT. Rangoon. CAMBDDIA/CAMBODGE: ENTREPRISE KHMÉRE DE LIBRAIRIE Imprimerie & Papeterie. S., à R. L.. Phnom·Penh. CEYLON/CEYLAN: LAKE HOUSE BOOKSHOP .Assoc. Newspapers of Ce~lon. P. O. Box 244. Colombo. CHINA/CHINE: THE WORLD BOOK COMPANY. LTD. 99 Chung King Raad. Is1 Section. Taipeh, Taiwan. THE COMMERCIAL PRESS. LTD. '211 Honan Road, Shanghai. HONG KONG/HDNG.KONG: THE SWINDON BOOK COMPANY 25 Nathan Raad.· Kowloon. INDIA/INDE: ORIENT LONGMANS ~ombay. Calcutta, Hyderabad, Madras' & New Delhi. OXFORD BOOK 8< STATIONERY COMPANY Calcutta & New Delhi. INDONESIA/INDONÉSIE: PEMBANGUNAN, LTD. Gunung Sahari 84. Djakarta. JAPAN/JAPON: MARUZEN COMPANY, LTD. 6 '·ori·Nichome, Nihonbashi. Tokyo. KOREA (REP. OF)/CORÉE (RÉP. DEI: EUL.YOO PUBLISHING GO.. LTO. 5,2·KA. Chongno, SeoU!. PAKISTAN: THE PAKISTAN CO·OPEnATIVE BOOK SOCIETY Dacca:. East Pakistan. PUBLISHERS UNITED~ LTD•• Lahore. THOMAS & THOMAS. Karachi. PHILIPPINES: PHILIPPINE EDUCATION COMPANY, INC. 1104 Castillejas, P.O. Box 620. Quiapo,Manila. POPULAR &OOKSTORE, 1573 Dorotea Jase. ManUa. SINGAPORE/SINGAPOUR: THE CITY BOOK STORE, LTD•• Collyer Quay. THAILAND/THAïLANDE: PRAMUAN MIT, LTD. 55 Chakrawat Road. Wat Tuk, Bangkok. NIBONDH & CO.. LTD. New Road. Sikak Phya Sri, Bangkok. SUKSAPAN PANIT Mansion 9, Rajadamnern Avem-!.e. Bangkok. LATIN AMERICA/ AMÉRIQUE LATINE ARGENTINA/ARGENTINE: SUDAMËRICANA. S. BOLIVIA/BOLIVIE: Casilla 972. La Paz. LOS AMIGOS OEL L1BRO Calle Peru eSQ. Espana. BRAZIL/BRÉSIL: L1VRARIA Rua MêxÎco 98·B. Caixa Rio de Janeiro. L1VRARIA FREITAS Caixa Postal 899. Rio L1VRARIA KOSMOS Rua Rosario 135/137. CHILE/CHILI: EDITORIAL DEL PAcfFICO Ahumada 57. Santiago. UBRERIA IVENS. Casilla COLOMBIA/COLOMBIE: LIBRERIA AMERICA, LIBRERIA Bl.CHHOLZ Av. Jiménez de Quesada COSTA RICA: IMPRENTA Apartado 1313, San josê. ~:~:I~~E.<:::ËTO:J{:I~~f:~H(~ÉP.DU): 185, rue Tu.do, 8~ P.283. Saigon. EUROPE AUSTRIA/AUTRICHE: GEROLD & COMPANY. Graben 31. Wien. 1. GEORG FROMME' & 'CO., Spengergasse 39. Wien, V. BELGIUM/BELGIQUE: AGENCE ET MESSAGERIES DE LA PRESSE, S. A. 14,22, rue du Persil. Bruxelles. BULGAÀIA/BULGARIE: RAZNOizNOS l, Tzar Assen,Sofia. Orders and inquiries tram countries where salesagencles have not yet besn 5alesSection. United Nations. les commandes et demandes de renselgnementsé'!1anant de pays où il n'exi:ate ONU, New York (E.·U.), ou il la Section des Priee: $U.s. 0.35 (or equivalent in Litho in U.N.