S/PV.1087 Security Council

The Sepurity Counoil WRB requested by the Ministar for External Affaira of Pakis: tan, in a letter dated 16 January 1964 [S/6817],hl to oonveno an immedlate meetingtooonsider the situntlon thnt hnd arisen in the State of Jnmmu und Knshmir. The views of the Government of Indin on the mntter were set out in a letter dated 24 Jnnunry 1064 [S/6622] U from the Permanent Repreeentative of lndin. 6. The meeting was oalled for this afternoon following oonsultntions with the members of the Seourity Counoil and the parties oonoerned. The first speaker whose name 1s Insorlbed on my Ilst for the resumption of the Coun01l~s debate on this issue 1s the Minister for External Affairs of Pakistan, on whom 1 now oall.

The Qovernment of Pakistan has requested this meeting of the Seourity Counoil in order to draw attention to the serious deterioration in the relations between Pnkistan and India and to the far-renohing and inoaloulable ooneequenoee of this situation if it Ie not Improved. Conaidering that one-eixth of the human rnoe ie involved, we oannot oontinue in this way without, in the end, inviting an eruption whioh will be oataetrophio toboth, 8. When we requeeted thie meeting, the Permanent Repreeentative of India is reported to have sald at a preas oonferenoe that *a11 that oan oome out”-prerumably referrlng to thte meeting-llis a llttle more mud-throwing”. Whether thie remnrk antiolpated hic Governmentls attttude, 1 do not know. But if it oame from sny other quarter, thia remark would strlke me ne either flippant or extremely oalloue. No, tiie stakes are too high, the Issues toovital, thenumber of people invoivod too jrreat for ua to soek through “mutlthrowing” therosolution of fl dlsputo that onrriea tho seode of a malor Intornntlonal uphenvul. lt la our contnntlon thnt juétloe und not 0 mud-throwing” Will ultlmntaly resolva thia issue, niid we ILre htrre t0 plnoo before you tlio Justloe of our complaint. maintennnt 10. parole, 1. M. BHUTTO (Pakistan) [traduit de ltanglaie]: Le Gouvernement pakistanaie a pri0 le Conseil de s0ourtt0 de se r6unir pour appeler l’attention sur l’aggravation s0rieuse des relrtions entre le Pakistan et l’Inde et sur lee graves oonaBquenoe8, d’une port0e Inoaloulable, qui peuvent en r0sulter ei oette situation ne stamOliore pae. ConeidBrant qu’un &xiBme des Btres humaine sont en oauBe, noua ne pouvons demeurer dan8 llinaotlon sans finalement provoquer une exploeion qui sera catastrophique pour les deux paye int0ress0s. 8. Lorsque noua avons demand6 oette r0union, le repr0sentant permanent de l’Inde aurait d0olar0 B une oonf0renoe de preeee que “tout oe qui peut en r6eulter” - faisant aane doute nlluelon B la pr0- sente r6union - “o%8t une nouvelle plule de oalomnI@. J’ignore si oette remarque refl6taIt l’attitude qu’adopterait son gouvernement, Mai6 si elle provenait d’une autre oouroe, je la qualifieraie de oavalibre ou d’extr0mement oynique. Non, l’enjeu cet trop importunt, la quostion est trop vitale, le nombre de personnes en ouu8e est trop 6lovb pour que noua no118 oontentions de ~~oalomnio~ ,w dnns le but de r6glar un diffbrond qui oontient les germes d’un boulevorsemont Internattonnl majeur. Noue soutenons que c’est p0.r la justlce et non pnr la noalomnie~ quo l’on ,)ourra r68oudre cette question et noua aommoa Ici pour cl& montrer le bion-fond0 de notre plalnto. of the Seourity Counoil and the United Nations Comjour otl le droit A l’autod&erminstion, qui leur a t3t.43 promis dans les r6solutlons du Conseil de e6ourltb mission for Indla and Pakistan, ha8 been implemented. et de la Commission des Nations Unles pour PInde et le Pakistan, nera devenu une r6alitb. 13. It 1s our firm belief that in waaina this peaoeful Wuggle, we tue etri 9 to uphold &e-hi !r &rposes 13. Nous oroyons fermement que, dans cette lutte paoiflque, nous :rr ~raillonr pour le maintien des buts and Drinoides enshrine in the Charter o the Unîtad Nati&m-to avert the danger to international peaoe et des prinoip,s eleds exprimde dans la Charte de8 Nations Unles - pour &viter toute atteinte B In Asia and the world and to promote respeot for human righte. At thle moment, bath stand in peril, la paix lnternaYonale en Asie et dans le monde et pour fovorluer le rerpeot der droits de l’homme. Or, en os moment, la paix et les droits de l’homme ront en p4ril. 14. As set fo@h in my letter of 16 Jnnuary, addressed 14. Comme je l’ai expos6 dans la lettre que je 10 you, Mr. President, tha reasons for my aovertrvous ni adres&e, Monsiourle Prbsidont, le 16 janvier, mentis requeet for an urg0nl meotiny of tho Seourity les raisons qut ont pouss6 mon gaivernomont A Counoil, briofly, nro ns follows. An extremely tenee damnndor d’urgence la r&mlon du Conseil de sbousituation hns nrleen in Knsbmir nnd throughout Pnklsrit6 sont, on quelques tnots, les aulvnntes. Un0 tan, nnd relations belweon my oountry nntl India have beoomo otrninad over the Qovernniont of Indin~s situation oxtrbmemant tendue a surgi au Cnohemirc et dnne tout le Pakistan, ot les relations entre mon polioios townrd tho Stnte of Jnmmu nnd Knshmlr nntl puys et l’Inde se sont enve,nim6es h la ouito do la mors speoifionllv its reoentlv cleolnrotl intention to “intugr~teV~ the $nto of Jem& nnd Kashmir wlth tho politique adoptbe pnr le Gouvernement indien A l%gard de l’Etut de Jammu ot Cnolremlre ot, plue sp6oiale- Indinn Union, Indin 1s doing this 111 open vlolution of ils own pledges to tho Seourity Counoil and in disment, en ruison de son intention, qu’il vient d’annonoei , Hd’int6grerH 1’Etat de Jammu et Cnohemire regard of tlla rights of tho poople of the Stute. As n dans l%Jnion Indienne. L’Inde agit ainsi en violation 16, Thls rebelllon oontlnuss. Desplte theintanslfioatlon of measures of terror and repreealon by Indlnn oooupatlon authorlties in the State, thé brave people Kashmir are determlned to oontinue their struggle against lndian rule untll 1lberntIon ls won, 16. A wall of steol sepnrates Indian-oooupled Kashmlr from the outeide world. Indla is trylng deeperately to ocmoenl what is happénlug there under a mnsslve blanket of oensorehip. But anough leaks through to show that Indin’s oolonial hold over Kushmir is disintegratlng, 17. In my letter, 1 hava quoted exoerpts from the dlspatohes of lmpartlnl foieign oorrespondents to givo some indloation to the Seourity Counoll nnd tho Gorld of the uphenval that has t&kon plaoe inside Indlan-oooupied Jammu nnd Kashmir during the last few weeke. It has paralyeed the puppet Clovernment of Shnmsuddin and the Indian oooupation authorlties. These dispatohee show that the massive demonetratlone nnd the paralyslng general strlke In Kashmir are not only an expression of the resentment of a long-oppreseed people agalnet the outrage perpetrated In the Hazratbal shrine againet their deepest religious eentimente: they are an expression also of their indignatlon agalnst oontinued domination. As The Eoonomiçlt of London, in îts issue of 4 Jnnuary points out, “The theft of the holy rello was epark to tlnder”. 18. The ‘tinoredible drama of religioue pnsslons and polltioal rebelllotP of the people of Jammu and Kashmir againet Indian rule-ae a foreign observer putr R-ha; not ended as the reeult of the p~uolamation of the alleged reoovory of tbe holy rello and the Intenelfioatio‘n by India 6f repreeslvé meaeuree. In an eye-witneee aooount dated 10 January of the hnppeninge of the paet few weeks in Indian-oooupied Jammu and Kashmlr, the oorreepondent of The Evenlng Star (Washington), the only fore@ reporter to vlalt tliB area during the reoent uprielng, etated as follows: “For two weeke 1 was the only outrlde witneee In Knrhmlr to an lnoredlhle drama of rellgiour paeslons and politionl rebelllon . , , for the Iaet eight daye Srlnagar was out off from tho outsldo world by landnlldes, anowstorms and tlght proua oeneorallIp , , Whon 1 left Jrinagar on Monday, the general striko that bar, paralysod Kaohmîr’a ooonomy was in Ita elghteonth day, though stores hatl openecl for hulf days lnst week allowing n allght reeumptlon of burrlnues. t~The eucous8o1~ Qovornment of ‘Premler~ Shnmsutldln, R long-tlmo Uakshl henohmnn, huu virtunlly “On 6 January the week ofgrowlngdemonstratlons waa ollmaxed when 300,000 Musllms gathered in Yrlnagar’s Red Square, where Mr. Nehru promlaed Kaehmiris self-detorminatlon fourteen years ago. Cn 7 January Indian army troops supported by rifleoarrying polioe oooupied Srinagar’e etreets . <, As the troope patrollad Srinagar, government buildings were lit up and flreworks exploded in a biearre traveaty of pub110 oelebrations, The sullen and angry populatlon listened to All-Indla Radio broadoaeting patently false repWts of wldespread rejoioing and pub110 speeohes by government leaders. “During the past fourteen days hundreds of Kaahmiris have rushed up to me in Srinagflr’s strects begglng me to tel1 their story to the world. Their story Is that they are desperately unhappy after deoades of rule by Bakshi’s iron-fisted and oorrupt polio state. India 1s also blamed for lnetalllng and supporting a tyrannioal r6gime whioh suppressed any dissent with polioe ‘interrogations’, eeoret lnformers and sadlstio ’ peaoe brigadea’ ,@ The correspondent then goes on to say: “After two weeks it le impossible for an outsider, aven one deeply sympathetio towards Indla, to bslieve that India oan oontlnue to hold Kaebmir, muoh less fully integrate lt into Indla without malntaining a polioe State, baoked byarmy troops. Indla’e fifteen-year attempt to win over Kashmir le endlng in tragio fallure. When humble peaeante in Kashmir are asked ‘Who le your leader and what do you want?‘, the answer invariably 18, ‘Sheikh Abdullah and a plebleoit.e~.~ 1% There were renewed dlsturbanoee on 25 and 2fl January in Srinagar, Anantnag and Baramula, a11 major towne of the State. Blaok flaga were holeted and a general strike was obrerved deepite polioe threate to have -ehopr looted if theywerefound olored. The Indian polioe employed baton and tear-gnr oharger and, when there falled to quel1 the demonotrators, rerorted to indlroriminate flring. A dispatoh In the Baltimore Sun of 1 February reports that “estlmatefi 0f the numbar of doad in tbese firings hnve rieen to about thlrtys , 10. De nouveaux d8rordres se sont produits les I et 26 janvier A Srinagrr, A Anantny et A Baramulr, o%st-A-dire dans tattet~ les Des drapeaux nolrr ont 6t % randsr villea de 1’Etat. hîaa6a et une gr&e g&&rle a eu lieu malgti 100 menaœs de la poliœ de faire piller lea magaalnr qui fermeralrnt. LAa pollolorr indiens ont ohard la foule A ooupa de mrtraque et ont omploy6 des gac laorymog4nart lorrqVils n’ont pas r4~sel A repousser lee manifestants, ils ont tir6 dos ooups do feu nu busard, Selon un oommunlqu6 publl6 ~dans le Balti~oro Sun du 101, f&rier, “le ohiffro ostlmatlf dx morts, vlotimes do 00s coupe da feu, a 6tb port& A uuo trontalne eIlvll~oIl”. 20. Tho Indlan nuthoritleo have~rohibltod ovon penoofui domonutratlons nnd In~oooesions In major towns of tllo Statas. hrrosts of ICaahmlr Jonders oontlnu0, tha lateot boing thut of Maulnnn Mohammed Ynsln, lnombor of lho Peoplols Aotlon Commltteo. Muulnnn Masoodi, 1tB leader, hna been ordorad not to lenv0 20. Lee autorites Indiennes ont InterdIt m8me loe ms~tieetntlono ot dQfil8e paoifiquos dans les vill0e prlnoipales de 1’Etat. Les armetntions do leaders du Caohemire se pouraulvont, la dernlbre on data Btant Mlle do Maulana Mohammod Yaoln, membre du People~e Aotion Commltteo. Maulanu Maso0dl, ohof 21. AaoordIng to the lndian Express of 1 February, oomplete %artal@-that 1s general etrike-was deolared in Srinagar on 31 January when the leaders of the people wblioly oharged that Qgente provooateuran of the National Conferenoe hnd, on Wednesday, attncked the inmates of n hospital, most of whoti were viotime of the week-end rioting. Aooording t0 this dispatoh, the general strike will be observed every Friday until the peopla’s immediate demanda are sntisfiea. 22. A dispatoh in The Times,eflorble of Delhi, of a8 Janunry, 1s signifioant. It says: V’he order*liness and disoipline witnessed during the days of the hartals, prooessions and meetings were remarknblc. Thore wns hnrdly nny 0880 of disobedienoe to the ordar of the People’s Aotion Committee. In Srinngar, the Covernment appeared ineffeotive, nnd there wns almost a pnrnllel admInistration,ll The dispatoh goes on to sayt aThree battalions of the Rajasthan, Punjab and Central Reserve Polioe had to be rushed to Knshmir, and the Indinn Army authorities were requested to help in taking up gunrd dutiee nt strntegio pointe,” g3. Aoooniing to a dîepatoh In The Sund --PtWash- I@on) of 19 Janunry, India’s MInIster o Home Affaire lfwarned thnt future demonstrations would be put down with a henvy hnnd”. This 1s to be rend with a Reuters dispatoh in The Wnshinaton Post of 6 January, nooording to which a mass meeting inSrinagAr *passed n resolution ohorging that reoent Incidents were an attempt to inoite Knshmir Muslims 80 that, if they protested, Indin would hnve nnother exouse to suppress the freedom moveinent” , le ww n Pp& du 6 janvier, les partiolpants 6~ une r union populaire qui a eu lieu A Srinagar “ont adopt6 une rbsolution dans laquelle ils d6olarent que les inoidents survenus r6oemment au Caohemire avaient pour objet d’exoiter les musulmans A la r6- voltet leur r6bellion fournirait ainsi A l’Inde un nouveau prbtexte pour Btouffer le mouvement de lib6ration*. 24. Les araintes exprim6es par le peuple du Caohemire sont oonfirmber maintenant par les nouvelle0 rapportbas dana 1s Baltimore Sun du ler f6vrier; selon oe journal, Varm6e indienne a envoyb d’urgenoa des renforts dans la ville de Srinagar, d6ohIr6e par ll6meuW. La d6Mohe aloub qu* Wne foule criant des slogans antigouveriement&x a dYil6 dans Srlnagar et s’est attir6e de8 reprbsaillrs terr;bles de la pa?t de la polioe*. On n 6galement fait appel A l’armbo Indienne pour aider In polioe h maîtriser la population. - 26. Cette d6p6ohe de Delhi indique que V’on admet en priv6 la n6001&4 de ronforoor les effeotifs militaires si l’on veut mdntenir l’ordre au Caohemire”. to koop interwl dinoipllno h1 ICuehmir~~. ï’ho Minister of tho Indinn Gow1wnent, Mr. Lnl Bnhadur Slrnstri, Comme l’a rapport6 1~IIInduetan Times de Delhi, who viriitud I<n~~lunlr, nti reportod by The Ilindustan du 31 janvier, M, Lai J3~&?&?&nstri, minlatre du ‘I’imor, of Dol111 of 31 Jntlunry, “drovo tiIrough UliTIO.¶t Oouvel%rmeni Indien, qui s’eet rendu au Caohemlre, &&to &wW. A IIlndu londor of Jnmmu, Mr. Hn l~aroouru des ruea pour oinsI dire d6ssrtos”. I->remnnth Dogrcl, ia twportutl to hrrve sont tslogrnms Un leader hindou du Jammu, M. Premnnth Dogra, to the lW3sitlei~t of Intlin ooinl~lalning of nmw3 supaurait, dlt-on, prote&6 oontre les “r6pressione mas- 24, The fear expressed by the people of Kashmir le now oonfirmed by the news-reporta in the Baltimore Sun of 1 February, that “the Indian Army rushsd rein- Gemcnto to riot-torn Srinagarfi. The dispstoh adde that “mobs shouting anti-CIovernment slogans, marohed through Srlnagar and drew fieroe polioe reprisalsw. The Indlan Army has also been oalled out to asslst the polioe In suppressing the people, 2G. ‘I’hio tliapntoh frorn Delhi mentione “privnto r~clmission thnt atldltionnl tnilitnry strougth 10 neodod 21~al~Seo~;l~dian Exaress du ler f&rier,un “hartal” - -dire une ~r&ve tzbnbrale. a 6t6 d6ort3t6 B Srinngar le 31 janvie& lo&&ue lea -leaders populaires ont aoousb publiquement des agents provooateurs de la ConfBrenoe nationalo d%voir attaqu6, le merosedi pr6o6dent, despersonneshospItalls6es,dont la plupart Btaient des viotimes dos Bmeutes du weekend, D’aprBs oette d6p6ohe, il a 6t6 d6oid6 que la gr6ve g6n6rale aurait lieu tous les vendredis tant que les revendioations imm6dIates de la population n’auront pas 6t6 satisfaItsa, 22, Un journal de Delhi, le Times of India, a publi6 le 38 janvier la d6p6ohe signifioative que ~0101: “L’ordre et la disoipline qui ont r6gn6 au oours des journ6es de “hartal” et pendant les d6fil6s et les r6unions publiques ont 6t6 remarquables, Pratiquement, tout le monde a ob6i au mot d’ordre du Psoplels Aotion Committee. A Srinagar, 1eS pouvoirs publias sont apparus inoapables et on a vu une sorte d’administration paral161e.n Et la d6p6ohe poursuitr “Trois bataillons de la polioe du Rajasthan, du Pendjab et de la RBserve oentrale ont dQ 6tre envoy6s d’urgenos au Cachemire, et les autorIt6s militaires indiennes ont 6t6 priees de donner leur appui en assurant la garde des points strat6giques.” 23. D’aprBs une d6p6ohe parue dans le v de Washington, du 19 janvier, le Ministre de l’in - rieur du Gouvernement indien “8 fait savoir qu’A l’avenir les manifestations seraient e6v6rement r6- prim6es”. Il oonvient de rappeler, A oe propos, que d’apr6s une d6p6ohe de ltagenoe Reuter, publi6e dans Wepuis l’an dernier, la situation dans la partie du territoire qui eet adminietrbe Dar l’Inde n’a oese6 d’empirer poroe que la majo& musulmane, qui Btait resto% oalme jusqu’alors, s’est inquiQt& des mesures visant B int8grer le Cachemire plu@ Etroitement II l’Inde.* 27. The upheaval in the State hae gathered further nolitioal momentum. The t.araet of the mass movement ie the rbgime of India’Zj puppete and quislinga and the whole National Conferenoe. whioh le India’s politioal prop in the State. The truth is that the peuple are no longer prepared to tolerate India’s hold over the State whioh began when it marohed into Kaehmir in Ootober 1947. 27, L’agitation du Caohdmire a gagn8 en ampleur sur le plan polltlque. L’objeotif du mouvement populaire est le rt3gime de fantoohee et de quislingr Ii la eolde de l’Inde et l’ensemble de la Confbrenœ nationale, qui est llinetrument politique de l%uia dan6 PEtat. La v6rit6 est que le peuple nIeet plus disposIl k tol$rer la domination de l’Inde, qui remonte au Jour de l’tnvaeion du Caohemire par œ pays en ootobre 1947. 23, The situation in Kashmir is exemplified by the imprisonment of Sheikh Abdullah sinoe August 1863. The Seourity Counoil will reoall that when the Kashmir oaae waa first brought before the Counoil, India juetified the deepotlo Maharajah!s aooeesion on the ground that it had been eupported by the “moet popular” leader of Kashmtr, Sheikh Abdullah, Sheikh Abdullah ha8 been desoribed by the Prime Minister of India, 28. L’emprieonnement du oheik Abdullah depuis le mole dlno(lt 1953 illustre bien la situation au Caohamire, Le Couseil 88 souviendra que, lorsque la question du Caohemire lui a BtB soumiee pour la premi&e fois, l’Inde avait juetifi6 le rattaohement d8oid6 par le maharajah despotique, alore au pouvoir, en faisant valoir qu’il jaieeait de l’appui du leader *le plu8 popubire~ du Caohemim, A eavoîr le olwik A- Le Premier Ministre de l’Inde, lui-m&me, le pandit Nehru, a dit du oheik Abclullah qu’il gtait *le Lion du Cachemire, bien-aime du peuple jurque dan8 le8 vall8es lea plus iso16ea”, œlui autour de la peraonnalit4l duquel nnombre de Mgendes et de ohants populaires 88 sont orbbsm. M. Nehru a B@ernent rendu hommage ‘A l’autorit. et A la olairvoyanoe” du oheik AbWlah, ‘qui l’ont rendu Oher aux musulmaim, aux hindoue et aux slkhs du Caohemir@. M. Nehru a dit Pandit Nohru, as We lion of Kaehmir, beloved Qf the peuple in the remOteSt valleys of Kashmir” around whose personality Wunerous legende and popular songe have grown”. Mr. Nehru aleo has paid tributes to Sheikh Abdullah’e mstrength and vieion whioh have endeared him to Muelims, Hindus and Sikhe in Kaehmirn. Mr. Nehru ha8 oalled him Vhebiggeetand most popular leader in Kashmir” and ‘la brave man who has led hls people through weal and woen, NIetli dll Oh& AbdUhh qu’il btrit “le PIU6, &rti rt le plu8 populaire leader du Caohemire” et aun homme oourageux qui a toujoure btb A la t& de con peuple en toute0 oir00natanœ8w. 20. It waa this 8ame leader who was arrested in 1963, at the behest of Mr. Nehru himeelf and who hae einoe then, with one brief întarval of three montha, remained inoaroerated. For five yearo from 1963 to 1053 he waa held without oharge and triai. In Ootober lDS3, he was brought before an Indian ocurt for a mook trial, whioh ie still going on. 29. C’est œ mbme leader qui a Bt4 arr&U) en 1963 sur l’ordre de M. Nehru lui-m8me et sui est toutours reetb en prison depuis, sauf pendant& bref I&rvalle de trois mois. De 1963 A 1963,i~nclant oins ana. le oheik Abdulhh a BtB d&enu élis frire liobjei d’auoun aote d’aooueation 8’. sans 6tre mie en jugement, Clert seulement en ootobre 1958 qu’il fut traduit devant un tribunal indien pour un simulaore de proo& qui, d~ailleurr, 8e pourrult enoore. 30. Theproseoution ha8 filed a Ut of 822 witnereea, of whioh only 31 have been examined during the lart five years. 1 repeat. out of R liet of 322 witnerre~. only Ël have been examinad during the lart five years: The end of the tria1 la nowhere in eiirht. This Judioial faroe, staged on trumped-up oharp$, must &r ever rernnin a blook on the ndmlniotrntion of justioo in lndln. Tho oooaeion of Sheikh Abdullahls nrrest in Auguat 1963 provlded the Indlan militnry wlth the Opportunlty to resort to indieoriminnto ahooting of protesting Knshmiris. Over n thousnnd mon, women Wd ohildren were mown down. In Sheikb Abdul!+s Wn word~, the people of Kashmlr *~woro glven n blood bath unpnrnlleled in Lha annnls of Knshmirls hietory”, 30. L1aoouration a ptirent4 une ltrts de S22 timoinr, dont 81 wulement ont btb entendur au oaura der cinq dernibrer atuha. JO dia bien, sur 322 Umolnr, 31 reulrment ont bt4 rntrindur au oour~ der cinq detlibres amibes. Rien ne permet de dire quand sfaohbvera le pro&a. Cette farœ judioîalre, mise en eo8ne aveo deo aoousntions invent0oa de toutes piboee, devralt h twt jamais oouvrir d’opprobre l’admlnletratien de la jufltioe en Inde. L%.trestation du obeik Abdullah en notu 1963 a donne aux ohefs milltairas indians l’oooaaion de mitrailler 8ane discernement les habitants du Caohemire qui protestaient. Plus d’un millier d’hommes, de femmes et d’enfantsfurent alors fauob& par de8 balleo. Au dire du 0bei.k Abdullah lui-meme, le peuple du Caahemire “a et,& ploug6 dans uu bain de sang qui n’n pas d’bquivalent dans les annales de 1’Etat”. The Sheikh oontinuos: “It is our oonsidered view that this saorifioe is not an isolated inoident unoonneoted with the happenings in the reoent past in Kashmir. Of late, Kashmir has been poing through a prooess of dehumanization. Respeot for moral and spiritual values is oast to the winds, without the slightest qualme of ooneoienoe. Thi$ prooess was aotually, 80 to say, initiated in August 1963, when the unashamed murder of demooraoy was oommitted in Kashmir. Thereafter, flagrant disregard of moral values was publioly demonstroted with the SSnotiOn “Je suis oonvalnou que oe sacrllege n’est pas un inoident 1~018 sans rapport aveo l’bvolution rscente au Caohemlre. Depuis quelque temps, cet Etüt subit un prooessus de d&humanlsation. On bafoue sans vergogne les valeurs morales et spirituelles. Ce processus remonte, pour ainsi dire, au mois d’aotlt 1963, lorsque la d6mooratie a 6th lgnoblement assassIn$e au Caohemire. Depuis, les valeurs morales sont publiquement et ouvertement mBpri&es, aveo la snnotlon et ltappui de oeux qui gouvernent le Caohemlre. A peine respecte-t-on le droit et la justloe, oependant que la vie et l’honneur deo hommes sont il la meroi d’une voyouoratie BhontBe. On ne fait rien pour essayer d’arr&er ce prooessus de d6gradation. Bien au oontralre, des Rororesn - o’est-a-dire des millions - “de roupies du TrBsor indien ont 6t6 d&pens&s aveo largesse pour oorrompre les Caohemiriens et, pour alnéi dire, tuer leur Bme afin qutils ne puissent rbsister, oomme s’ils 6talent drogu68, 6 l’attaque lanobe oontre leurs droits fondamentaux, “The present saorilege would tragioally oomplete the prooess of disintegration of the politioal, mors; and spiritual life of the people of Kashmir who oould then be dealt with as dumb, driven oattle.” and baoking of the rulers of Kashmir, Soant respeot was shown to law and justioe, and oommon mnn’s life and honour ware at the meroy of wanton hcolisanism. No attempt was made to arrest tho prooess of degradation. Cn the oontrary, ‘orores’“-that is millions-ltof rupees of the Indian Exohequer have largely been utiiized to oorrupt the people-of K~shmir and almost kil1 their very SOU~, 80 ns to ‘drug them away’ from any possible resistanoe against the onslaught of their basio human rights. “Le saorilese aotuel aaraoheveralt de facon tragique le prc%essus de d0slnt8gratlon de’ la vie nolitiaue. morale et solrituelle du Peuple du Caohemire,. que l’on pourrait traiter alors comme un troupeau que l’on pousse et qui ne dit rien.” The Sheikh oonoludes with the following appeal to Le ohelk termine sa lettre en lançant au Prssldent the President of India: de l’Inde l’appel que voici: aIn this oonnexion I would draw your attention “A propos, je voudrais attirer votre attention sur to the reported indisoriminate arrests reoently les dernieres arrestations qui auraient 6t0 effeoeffected in the valley as aleo to the use of foroe tubes de façon arbitraire dans la vnll8e, ainsi que whioh has taken the toll of some valuable human sur l’emploi de la force, qui a ooQt4 quelques vies lives. You oan appreoiate the depth of sorrow and humaines pr8oleuees. Vous pouvez imaginer la douanguieh in the minds of Kashmiris, and if even laur et l’angoisse profondes du peuple du Cnohemire; expression of suoh anguish is gag@, it may lend si oette angoisse n’a merne plus le moyen de to grave oonsequenoee. It 1s time that we realize s’exprimer, oela peut avoir de graves oons6quences. that bullete and ‘lathi’w-baton-*oharges and in- Il est temps de comprendre que les balles, les dieoriminate arreats do not help in easing euoh ooupe de “lathi” - matraque - “et les arrestations situations. An early aotlon in ths direotion of rearbitraires ne oontribuent pas ii la d6tente. II vislng the Kaehmlr plioy le equally important, to importe bgalement d%gir sans tarder et de revoir whloh 1 have made a referenoe earlier. It is the la politique de l’Inde fi l%gard du Cachemire, oe root onuse of the evils, whioh ha6 oulminated in dont j’ai dQ6 par& Cette politique est il la base the present trngecly.” de tous les maux dont souffre le Cachemire et elle a abouti h la trngsdie actuelle.’ That is a part of the latter written by Sbeikh Abdullnh Telle est, en partie, In lettre que le obeflt Alxlullab reoently from gaol to the President of Indin. a 8crite reoemment, de aa prison, au Prbsident de l’Inde. 32. Desplte Indin’s polioy-nooorrling to Sheikh 32. Malgr6 lu polltiquo indienne de *d6shumani- Abdullah-of 8’dehumanization”, the flnme of freedom astion”, pour reprendre l’expression du obeik hao oontinued to burn ever brighter in the boarte of Abdullab, la flamme de Ia liberte continue de bruler, the poople of Jnmmu sud Kaalunir. 1 reoall tbe atatetoujours plus vive, dans 10 cour des habitants du “These very events have demonstrated the justioe of the demand for the immediate implementation of the pledge of the pleblsoite given to the people of Kashmir by India, Pakistan and the United Nations.11 fie oonoluded with these memorable words: “My voioe may be stifled behind the prison walls but it will oont!nue to eoho and ring for a11 times to oome, It onn never be stopped. It la the voioe of human oonsolenoe.* Sheikh Abdullah’s voioe is only an artloulation of the feelings in the hearts of the millions of Kashmlris who have again risen in a mighty protest against Indian oooupation and domination. 33, Even Bakshi Qhulam Mohnmmed, who helped to put him in prison and, under the proteotion of Indlan bayonete, usurped the Government of the State, has been oompelled to admit the failure of Indlatr polioy in Kashmir to orush the spirit of the people. Aooording to the Press Trust of India, an Indian news agenoy, Bakshi ahulam Mohammed told reporters on bis arrival in New Delhi from Srinagar on 17 January: 33. Bakshi Qhulam Mohammed lui-mbme, qui avait oontribu8 A faire arrater le cheik Abdullah et qui, sous la protection des baiicnne tas indiennes, avait usurp6 le pouvoir dans ilEtat ‘rç. L. #fi admettre que la politique indienne au Caohem re n’avait pas r6ussi A briser l’esprit du peuple, D’aprBs une agence de presse indienne, le Press Trust of India, Bakshi Qhulam Mohammed aurait fait la d6oiaration suivante A des journalistes, le 1’7 janvier, A son arriv6e B New Delhi, en provannnoe de Srinagar: “Trois mots d’ordre se font entendre au Caohemire aotuellement: premibrement, une enqu&e doit Btre ouverte sur les BvBnements de 1963, qui ont prcvoqu6 l’arrestation du oheik Abdullah; en seoond lieu, le cheik Abdullah doit Btre lib6r6; enfin, le pl6bisoite r6olamt3 doit Btw organls6.a “There are three slogans being raised in Kashmir .~ow: Firstly, an inquiry should be held into the events of 1963, whioh led to the arrest of Shelkh Abdullah; seoondly, Sheikh Abdullah should be released; and thirdly, the domand for the plebisoite should be oonoeded.*t 34, When oalled to order by the Indian authorities for making suoh a damaglngadmission, Bakshi C)hulam Mohammed obedient!y issued a “olarifioation” that “what ho hnd oxaotly eaid wno that some disgruntlotl olements, who were opposed to the r6gtmo, hncl rnisod these slogans, The dlsgruntled elemonts, who were opposod to tho r6&no8V. lot lt be notad. were. in tho v%rcls of the oorr&pond&t of $vei&aStar iWashiwton), *virtually the entire WNpulution of thls IIimalaynn-&mmod cipital of S&ignrtl who l’nbnndonotl their homes to spond th9 duylight hours mnrching through the oobblod stroets nntl clernantllng In emagecl volcen thut tholr holy relia bo roturned to Ils sl~rlno”. 34. RappelB à l’ordre par lea autorit& indiennes pour avoir fait oet aveu si oompromettant, Bakshl Glhulam Mohammed s’est ex8out6 et a pub116 une “mise au point”, uffirmant que “ses parole8 exnotos Otaient que quelque0 BlBmento mbcontents, 0pposOs an rbglnie, avniont fnit entendre ces mots d’ordren. nLes bibmants mbcontents, opposbs au r6gimo” Btaient, noto11s-10, d’apr& le correspondant ds I’Evening Stur do Wnshington, “la qunsl-totalitb dos habitnnts de ootto oapitalo do Srlnngnr ansorr6o dans I~Ilirnnlnyn~, qui “ont nbundomb leurs foyers pour dbfilor pandnnt des heures EW? le pav6 dos ruos en demnndnnt d’une voix rngouso que leur sainte relique Bcit lmlQll6Q duU8 SO11 Saidu~h3.” 38, These reoent mov0s that preolpltated a Rituation iorth in my letter of 16 Januarytoyou, k heeîdent. 97. The oinister design of the Uovernmsnt of lndia to obliterate the epooial statue of the State of Jammu and Kaahmir was foreehadowed on 3 Ootober 1@69 by BWhi Qhulnm Mohammed, the thon puppet “Prime MiULterm of Indian-aooupied Jammu and Karhmir. IWiurnamoud that “a direotlve hd be#n issued to bi%g’Kaehmir oloeer to the rœt of India”, and that, *a# a firet rtep”, it had been deaided to ahange the $ n 9ilqatîopr of Vadar-i-RiyaeatW to Wovernor” and flme ddinintern of the Rate tu *Chief MinieterH, ta .jjring the ,State in lise with the provinoer of India. tiu U$l&l tliat the neoeeeary *oonstitutiunala formalit@li?itu ’ vb effeot to thia ohad@ would bs oasried ~&$;S$e% Legislative Assembly when it meets i*. .:! c ‘,. .c -I; 1 W GoWrnment of Pakistan proterted at on00 tMMl%uduritr C~oi1 throuph its Permanent RtmreuW&VU. AU- Uated in hlr l%ter of 0 Ootober l893U ommîabîctn for inoiplea of th0 United snd Pakistan’8 reso- 5 January 1949.ti In remmtdive of 49~ : Boon dbrwamla Bakahi Wam Mohammed was HplaOUd ‘br hîe QvII nominoe, Air. Sbemrucklîn, 81 MiIlmar@ of Indiœ-oooupied On0 of the firrt aota d that 0 vu ta iaatall in oiliae, under rCabinetinwhiohumanyar dW& art d IwU*r HiniUen rnd de@y Ministerr mtœrîty œmmwity, wsn thaugb tbs t& Mata Ir worutnlmingly Murllm. thœ hm pmowded to dismire over 100 ofof. the State Covornment, who were to be rephtd by, 88 L put it, *pBrBona with a more aeoular ,. . . 36. Ces r9oentes mesurss, qui avaient pr9oipit8 la situation dans laquelle, selon 1’E lf=-“levolde la relique eao* a 6t6 1Winoe e qui a mie le feu aux poudres”, ont bt6 expos6es dans la lettre que je os ai adress&, Monsieur le Prbsident, le 16 janvier, 97. Le einiatre dessein du Ckuvernement indien de priver 1’Etat de Jammu et Caohemire de son etatut splloial a 6te r9v619 le 8 ootobre 1069 par Bakshi Chula n Mohammed, qui btait alors le “Premier Ministre* fantooho de 1Wat de Jammu et Caohemlre ooaup9 par l’Inde, Il annonga alors que des %uWuotione avaient BtB donnrbee pour rapprooher le Caohemire du resta de 1Wie~ et que, +oomme premibre mesure”, il avait btb d9oid9 de substituer B Pappallation du Vadar-i-Riyaeat” celle de WouvernBur~, et au titre de *Premier MîniatrV de l*Etat oslui ds WîniUtre prinoipaln, afin de mettre l*Ebt sur le m8me plan que ler autres provinces &a l*In&. Il ajouta que Ier formalifir %onrtiiutionneller~ aœrsairss pour effectuer oe ohangemsnt seraient aooomplier par l*Assemblk l6girlative da YEtat lorrqu’elle ae rdunirait en mare lD64. 88. ti -vernement du Pakistan protestaimm6diatement aupr9r du Conreil de skuriti par Pintermkiinire de non repr9rentant permaœat. Ainsi que oelul-oi le bbolarait dan8 na lsttrs du 9 ootobre lMta?r, la mesure propos& oonrtituait une ncuvella ruptvze de l’engagement pris par l*Inds cb rerpeoter ler ÿrinoiper 9noadr dans les r9solutions des lSa&t 1948y et fi Jkisr 194911 & la Commirrion d&r Nutîonr Unies pour l%da et le Pakirtan. En r@onse A œtte loti, le raprbrentant pennansnt de l*In&, dnnr ma luttm en date du 12 novembre 1968e/, eut l*audsoe de prbtendre que 10 Jammu et Cachemire &Ut w Etat ds l*Union indisnne et, en Qon&quenoo, faluIt partie du terrîtolra indiea 89. Pou ci8 tompm 3? I,BUUGhlUHMOhUH=Od 0hoiUt lui-m9me D. amsuddin pau la remplaœr au porto de *Premier Ministrea faatoohe du Jammu ut Caohumim owuph par Plnde. L*une der premlbrer mmuxwm priser par oetta personaallt6, jusque-l2 ohmme, fut de former surl~ordrecb~lhitm cabinet, dam lequel non moins de 7 minlrtrur sur 12 appartîonœnt A la communattt4 minoritaire, &H qtu Ia vaU8 ma)oriY de la mtion de 1Wat art musulmane. Bhrmsuddîn lioenoia enruîte plus d’uns œntaine do fonotionnaires de lW.at qui, selon 6es propre5 twmee, devaient 6’ ’ remplacêe par “des a) Une propoeition analogue œnœrnant le r6gîme de la main-d~œuvre dans lea mines de oharbm Mait A 1Wtude~ 9) Lea repr&Manta du Jammu et Caohemire au I.& Sabha a&aieat dt3eignbe par vole dWe&iona direota oomme oeux de& provinoee indieanee, oette me8um devant prendre eitet db8 la levh de 1Wst dUrgenoei 4) Le Sadar-GRiyaaat et le Premier MlnWre du Jammu ti OaOhOmire praadrri& rerpwtivemcmt lea tttrea de verneur ” et de mlnirtre prîaoip&l, ler mesurea Ogirlatlvea n6oe#rair~ A oet @et dmnt Otre prlrw pu! 1~Aamomblb l@lrlru*e de 1’Etat A la proohaiae ruion. , Id. Nands @utait - ft je oltet: ‘6) L’artiOle 870 flgur8 au tltm XXI de la mumtutlon, titre qui oontient dœ dlapœttlœm provlaoirea et truuitoi~e. Dnpula qua oet artiole a 6M in86rA dœ8 la Con8tltutio~ be nombreux ohuyementa sont interpequr, qui mettent IlEtat de Jammu et Caohemlre sur le m&ms plan qw le0 autrsa partier de l%de. Cet Etat eat plslnement int4grd B l’Union indleane. Le gouvernement eatïme #îl n’y a pas lieu de prendre aotnullemeut Pinttlgti~ dbbrqpr entibrsment lbrtîole 830. C@t# (1’ CdE galxl r4uulter8 Dan8 auœn dœt8 tb@ n ahaa#efneJlt8 qui 8eront opmr en othwlw& aveo la aœœnmment et l’A8m l&î.latl~ do 1’Etat cb Junmu et Caohemîrs. Ca .+u\rr dumclepulaqœlqœaum8œdbfl,etonpœtle l8laœr ua pour8utm d8nu ler m@maa oarrdlflm• 41. Le Premier Mialrtre de lV.ncb, M. Jawaharlal Nehru, approuv8 08th dtW8ratlon le mbme j@. Il prboiu en outra qua lbrtlo~ 870 * laC&titutlon lndlenœ ferait llobjet dlum %roaion progrer8lve”. (2) A eimilar propoeal ln reepeot of welfare of Iabour ln the ooal-mining induutry WM under aonskieration; (9) Repreeentatives of Jammu and Kaahmir in the Lok Sabha would be ohoaen by dimot eleotion aa in the Indien provlnaee. FZ?eot will be given to thia after tbe tarmination of the present emsrgenoyr (4) The Sadar-i-Riyaaat end the Prime Mlnirter of Jammu and Kuahmir would be desipated aa aOvernor and Ohtef Miniater reupeatively. Leglalation to~ve~eottothap~~wouldbetrlenupdurlng the next ee~ion of the Stats Legialuture. Mr. Nanda oontinued-and 1 quoto; “(6) Artiole 970 of the Camtitution ooouru In Part XXI of the Constitution whioh deala with temprary and tranaitional prooedma. Slnoe thie Artiole waa inoorporated in the Ccmetltution many ohangea bave bœn made whioh brlng the State of Jammu and Kaahmir in line with the rest of India. The Stata le fully integrated to the Union of India. aOvcn;nment are of o&ion that tbev ab0ulrl not take any initiative now for the oompletë repeal of Artiole 870. Thia ~111. no doubt. ba brouaht about bv furtlmr ohangœ in 4ioœult8ti& witb UGovernrn&t and Legialative Aa#smbly of Jammu and Kaahmlr. Thta proœua ha8 oontinual in t&e lut few yeara and muy be allowed to oartinue in the rame way,” 41. The Indian Prime Miniater, Mr. Jawaharlal Nehru, andormd bla rtatement the Mme day. Ho *rat on ta expkîn that artlole 170 of the Indhn Conatltution would be aubjeot to a prooeaa of “gruhml e!wion”. 4% The Wvernmmt ad Paklataa prc4eatul to the Clovernma&oiIndhaabatthœe~wfulandoutrapm8mauure8.ln~an~hsndalQthelndian Iilrh Commiulonrr to Pakbtan 0 14 Dooamber 1909 thë Govsrnm6nt of Pakirtan polnted out that the oaltemplatod rneaauma wer0 deltberately aimrxl nt dcstroying the basis of agreement on ~~Statoof Jnmmu and Kaehmir a8 emboclied h the resolutione d the Wnitad Nntions Commission for Indin and Pakistan of la Auguat 1048 and 6 Jnnuary 1949:~they a180 violnted the r0eolutiona of the Se0 SO Maroh 1961a and 94 January 1867. % ity Counoll of The Ckwernd/ &a ht-mm 3 ud 4. 42 oaworœn3ent i8dlœ oœtra œ8 nyrunr etill~.rhlNua8not4mbBkl4~m&H 1968 au mut Canmtu8în de lud8 au mktdur, le Qouveraemeat pnkîataaaîr 8oultgndt que lea ,mofture~ envieag6es avaient pour but de d&ruire dAUt&- rbment la base de l~aooerd sur PEtat de Jixmmu et Cachemire, oonoaor6 par lee tieolutlone de la Commiusion des Nations Unies pour 1’ 3 et 10 Paklutau du 18 aoQt 1948 et du ti janvier 1940 t oI1f4 moauxes violaient 0n outre les r&olutions du Conrreil F 84ourlte du 30 mars 196171 et du 24 janvier 19WJ. ~Volrmtea8et4. ~m~mnmta offlclalr du PJ Qnmll de 16g&&f~Mha annb &I& da Ianvlor, !6vrlcr qt mur 1951, docummtTfi~d .!!/ low, doWPmr mt64, Swdhwtt de .@nvlw; pJ& hument S/3779. f&Vrloi;ttle4s, 48. Purthermore, !n a seoond letter addressed by the Pak’8tan Permanent Representatlve to the P sident of the Seourity Counoil on 9 January 1964 c the attention of tho Seourity Counoil wa8 invited to the 8bova-quotod rt8tem8nt8 of tb rdîni8te;r of Home Afhirr and the Prime tiiniater of India. Itwas pointed out in the letter that the etepe oontemplated by the Clovernmont of India were patontly designed to oon- 8olid8te India’ hold over the bulk of Jammu and Kadmir, to demoraliee ite people and to interpose further obstaoles in the ertablishment of oonditione for the exeroiee of their free ohotoe in regard to their future, and that, therefore, they oonetituted a drflanae of the Seourity Counoil and the prinoiples of Le United Natione Charter, 44. The Government of India, 1 regret to etate, rejeotui the proteet of the Government of Pakirtan and termed it “an unwarranted interferenoo htheinternal aff8ia-r of India”. 48. Yry 1 remlnd thr reprerentative of India that P8ki8t8n ha8 never admit& and will never reoognite IndW8 foire olaim to the territory of Jammu and Ka8hmîr in dirregard of the right of relf-detsrminatîon of the people of ths Rate, a8 pledged to them in the re8olution8 of tbe Seourity Counoil and the Unlted Nation8 Commirrion for India and Pakl8tan. 46. It ir prlup8 neooerrary hsre to reoapitulate, hriefly, the baokgrouBd 8gain8t whioh the integraticn mewuru of the Oovernmat ofIndi88bouldbevi~8dd. 1 WOd Wt naW lW811 th. 8bl’y Of th. Oi!‘OunutrnOar b rhioh India proound tbe “li00088l0n” of the bldrajrh of Jammu and Karhmlr. The Seourity Camail irr fatnlllar with that h!story. Suffioe it to eay chat tbe gonesis of the dispute !e that India obtainod tho signature of the despotio Mnharojah on an instrument of aooession at n time when the people of Jammu and Kattbmir had rioen in robellion againet tho Mnharnjah and ouetod hic authority from tho Stato. But, apnrt from Lo faot mat thie nooession lnoked a legal sanotion ab !n!t!o, how d!d the Oovornment of Indin iteelf 48, De plue, dan8 une deux!bme lettre adre88Be le 3 janvier 1984 par le repr6sentant permanent du Pakistan au Prbsident du Conseil de e6ouritQ~, l’attention du Conseil de sOourit4 &ait attir8e sur les d(lolaration8 8usmentionn6ee du Miniatre de IW4hieur de PInde et du Premier Minirtrf.9 de c8 pay8. Il btalt eoulignb dan8 œtte lettre que les me8ure8 envisagaee par le Qouvernement ind!en avaient de toute &!deiïos pour but d’affermir la mainmire de l’Inde 8ur la majeure partie de PEtat de Jammu et Caohemire, de dbmoralîrer la lxxxilation de œt Etat et d’blever d8 nouveaux obstacles k l%tabliseement de oonditionr permettant B ladite population d’exercer librement 8on ohoix en oe qul oonœrne son avenir, et qu’en oonebquenœ elles violaient le8 dQOi8iOns du Conseil de sbour!t8 ot le8 prinoipes de la Charte ds8 Nation8 Unier. 44. Le Claivernement indien. le reirrette de le dire. a rejet4 la protertation du aGernëment pakistanaié et l’a qualifi613 dl l ingtlrenœ !njurtifi&~ dan8 les titi=8 iIlt4tiOWO8 de l’Inde”. 45. Je voudr8ls rappeler au reprbwntant de 1Vnde que le Paklrtan n’a jamais admis et n%dmettra jamair br revendloatîonr que 1Vnda fait aloir A tort 8ur le territoire du Jammu et Cachemire, au m4prir du droit A l~autad6termlnation de la population de œt Etat, droit qui lui a bt4 promir par le8 r&okitiOn du Conseil cb rbourit4 et de la Commi88ion CiO8 Natîonr Unie8 pour 1’Inds et le Ppkl8hi. 40. Il 8erait putdtre utile de faire maintenant un bref hirtorlqu8 de8 me8ure8 d’!n ation envi- -8 p8r le Ocuvernement L PI&8 Y n de pouvoir b8 OOtl8îd(h’Or dur8 hU2’ jU8te pW8plWtiVO. Je n’ai pU k8Oitl d8 rappllbr iOi 108 Oh’OOll8t~~8 dUl8 le8queller l%de a obtenu le *rattaohementg du Maharajah du Jammu et Caohom!i% Le Conseil do sbourttb les oonnti bien Qu’il mo suffise de dire que le differend est nb du fait que l%xle avait obtenu de oe maharajah despotique qu’il npposo an signature sur un instrument de rnttaohement nlore que la population du Jammu et Caohemlre s%tait soulsv8a oontre 00 mQm0 maharnjah et refusait de reoonnnftre son autorit sur 1’Etat. Ma!s, indbpendamment du 11>1&, dl*-uwvldmo ruuh Wdmrnc de ]ûnvlor, f6vrlor ot nxm 19M. documult 8/1504* aOOe6SiOn wa6, tiret, oonditional upon the results of a plebieolte among the people of Jammu and Kashmir to be held under international ausploee, wnioh would deolde whether that State should aooede to India or to Pakistan, and, seoond, it was limited only to the three subjeots of defenoe, oommunioatlons and fore@ affalrs. There are innumerable etatemente to thie effeot made by the representatives of lndia from time to time. 1 shall here quote only three. Immediately after the so-oalled accession by the Maharajah, the Prime Minister of India, lnforming Pakistan of it, eaid in his telegram of 27 Cotober 1947 addressed to the Prime Minister of Pakiatanr Etat devrait Atre rattache A l’Inde ou au Pakistan et, en seoond lieu, il ne portait que sur le6 domaines de la deferme, des oommunioationa et de6 affaire6 Btrangkee. Lee reprbsentante de l’Inde ont fait d’innombrables d6olaratlone dans OB aena au dotir des annAas, Jo n’en oiterai que traie. Imm6diatement aprAs le pr&endu rattachement s1gnA par le Maharajah, le Premier Ministre de l’Inde, portant le fait A la oonnaissanco du Pakistan, a dit, dan8 le tBl& gramme quY1 a adreee6 le 27 octobre 1947 au Premier Ministre du Pakietan: “Je tien6 A pr0oieer que l’aide appotie au Caohemfre dans cette situation d’urgenoo ne vice nullement A fnoiter cet Etat A demander le rattachement A l’Inde. Naie avons dtQA, A plueîeure repriBe8, exprim6 publiquement notre point do vue, A savoir que le rattaohement dkm territoire ou d’un Etat ne puut se faire que oonformbment aux vœux de la population, Noue nou8 en tenona l&* Lac membres du Conwll de s6ourit(l noteront les mots %e n’est en auoune fagon pour lnoitsr YEtat A 88 rattacher A l’Inde*. 48. Imaquven janvier 1048 le douvernement indien porta la queetion devant le Conseil de ebouriti, le repr6eentant de 1Uie d6olarar “Noua tislrone seulement que la paix soit rbtablle au Caohemlre, que 8a wmtion rolt lîbk de dboîder, dans l’ordre et la paix, de lvmw de son paya. C%et IA notre seule prbooauprtlon, et noua avoaa aooeptb qu’un plbbinoits ait Usu dana YEtat CLU Caolmnire aou@ une runalIlanœ Internationale apr&r que la paix et l’ordre y auraat btb rbtablir.~ [ 127bme e6ano&.] Lee membreo du Conaeîl de &urM noter@ Ier moto @o’ert IA notre mule pr6000upatIona. Plur tard, le reprbsentant & lVn& r8affkma dan0 lea termer suivant8 1~ pomition de oon ~~nmrnentt *Bien que oette demanda provM de œa cbux pr- #onnaMt&, le gouvernement de lUle a ptir rola de rtlpuler qu’il n’a008 tait le rattnohoment qu’l la oondltion rulvank: fl audraît qVult4rlourament, P une foin la paix rbtablîr, Par l ‘aamtrAt d%mo manl~m appmprl6e de la vola&6 du pwple, CVrrt A œtte oaoditlon, et A œtte mule oadltiua, qw L t3ouverœment l’In& a aocept4 le rattaohemea~~ [2848me a4anœ S*I Los membre0 du Cons@11 de si%niritll noteront Bgalement les mots ao%st A dette oondition, et A oette soulc oondltion, que le aouvarnement de l%ide a aooeptb le rattaohemoutn. 40. Il rsssort de ce8 oitattons que, d’aprAe les propres dbolaratlons de l’Inde, Son inmrvention dans 1’Etat de Jammu et Caohemire n’avait pae pour “1 ehould like to make it olear that the question of aiding Kashmlr in this emergenoy is not designed in any way to influenoe the State to aooede to India. Cur view, whioh we bave repeatedly made publio, 1s thflt the quei3tion of aooession in any territory or State muat be deoided in aooordanoe with the wi6hes of the people, and we adhere to thie v1ew.w The members of the Seourity Counoil will note the worda: “1s not designod in any way to influenoe the State to aooede to India”. 48. When the CIovernment of India brought the question to the Seourity Counoil in 1948, the representative of India eaid: “We desire only to aee peaoe restored inKashm1r and to enaure that the people of Kashmir are left free to deoide in an orderly and peaoeful manner the future of their Stste. We havenofurther intereet, and we have agreed that a plebleoite in Kaehmlr might take plaoe under international ampioee after p6aoe and order bave been setablîahed,@ [laTth meeting.] u Members of the Seourity Counoil Will note the wordet “we havei no further intersrtfl. Later, the repreaentative of India reaffirmed hir Governmontcs position thllfl: “The Indian Qovernment waa oareful, even thougb the requert oame from bath, to etlpulate that ît waa aooepting the aooeesion only on the oondition that later, when peaoe had been reatored, the exprerrion of the popular wlll rhould be aroertained in a proper manner. It wa6 on that oondition, and chat oonditian alow, that the lndian Qovernmrnt aooepted aooerrlon.. . , ’ [ aa4tIl mœtlng.] lu Members of the Saourity Counoil ~111 note, again, the words: *It was on that oondition, andthat oondition alone, chat the Indian Covornment aooeptod aooe8nionv. 49. l’hese statoments show that India’s intervention in Jammu and Kashmtr, aooorcling to Ita own deolarntiens, WRB net intendad to make tho aooession final II . . < the documents now at our disposnl show agreement between the parties on the three following points: “1. The questlon as to whether the StateofJnmmu and Kashmir wlll aooede to India or to Pakistan shall be deolded by a pleblsoite; “2. This pleblsoite nrust be conduoted under oondltions whloh wlll ensure oomplete impartiallty; “3, The plebisolte wlll therefore be held under the aegis of the Unlted Nations, ‘Y’he terms in whloh the three idens 1 have just mentioned are expressed and the oonsequenoes to be deduoed from them may be matters for dlsoussion, but 1 think 1 oan say thnt the three ideas are not themselves disputed behveen the parties.” 1236th meeting.] m 60. 1 belleve that these referenoes-and it is only to avoid undue length that 1 do not add the many more whioh are on reoord-are enough to indioate the position taken by the Qovernment of India before the Seourity Counoll, aooording to whloh the prinolple that Jammu and Kashmir would deolde lts nooession by s plebisolte wns undlsputed, as noted by the President of the Seourlty Counoil. It was on the basls of thls agreement between India and Pakistan, whloh transoended a11 other questions in dleputs, that the two reeolutlons of the United Nations Commission for Indla and Pakistan were aooepted by the partles. If they mean anything, they mean that Jammu and Kaehmir Oannot beoome part of either India or Pakistan exoept as a result of a pleblsoite oonduoted uncler the auepioee of the United Nations. 61. In addition to afflrming the provisional and oonditlonal nature of the oo-oalled aoooseion, the representatlvee of Indla were at pains, at meetings of the Seourlty Counoll, to explain that Jammu and Kashmir retained its autonomywithin the Indian Union and that, in faot, India had very limlted Jurisdiotion over it. In faot, at one meeting, he repreéentative of Indla oonoeded that the determlnation of the future of Kaohmlr was a matter over whloh nelther India nor Pakistan hrd any jurirdiotion and that chie point was oommon ground behvsen the .twooountrier. E&n later, ,‘!II 1861, Sir Benegal R~U, then India’r reprerentative, explained to the Counoil chat the roope of Kashm;r’s autonomy was limited only by a few matters having been taken over by the Qovernmont of tire Indinn Union, 62. ‘I%ls wns tho wny In whioh Indla first represontod its rolatlonshlp to Jammu nnd Kashmlr. It wno supposed to be a relntlonship lirnitrxl In ooope and subjoot to a pleblsolte. Then. in splte of theee solemn doolnratiens und agreements, on 27 OotobOr 1060 the soonllod ~~All-Jarrlmu nnd Knshmlr Nationnl Conferenool’ & Is, w. 265 ml 264. !?/ IL&. ,>. 265 OI 264. 61. Outre qu’ils ont soulignt3 le oaraotbre provisoire et oonditionnel de oe P&endu rattaohement, les repr6sentante de l’Inde ont pris la peine d’expliquer, lors des s6anoes du Conseil de sburit6, que 1’Etat de Jammu et Caohemire oonservait son autonomie dans l’Union indienne et qu’en fait la juridiotion de l’Inde sur oet Etat (tait tr8s limit&, A l’une de 080 s6anœe, le representant de l’Inde a mbme reoonnu que ni l’Inde ni le Pakistan n%taient habllitbs B d6oider de Paver& du Caohemire et que cette question (tait du ressort commun des deux payr. Plur tard enoore, en 1901, sir Benegal R~U, alors reprQsentant de l’Inde, a explique au Conseil que l’autonomie du Caohemire n%tait limit6e quiB l’endroit de quelques matibres dont le Qouvernetnent de l’Union illtielllie Ei’wJOUpait d&ormuis. 62. Telle est la fac;on dont l’Inde avait tout dlubord expoa 808 rapporte aveo 1’Mtnt de Jammu et Caohemire, 11 devait s’agir de rapports limitf3s et subordonn6s h un p10bisoite. Mals pnr la sulte, en d6pit do oes dbolaratlons aolennollos et de OBE aooordo formels, la ConPOrenoe dite WonfBrenco nationale 63. After due dellberation, the Counoil adopted a resolutlon on 30 Mnroh 1961wwhose preamble stated: nCbservlng thnt the Covernments of India and --- Pakistan have uooented the nrovlslons of the Unitsd Nations Commission for India and Pakistan resolutlons of 13 August 1948 and 6 January 1948, and have renffirmecl their deslre that the future of the State of Jammu ancl Kashmir shall be deolded through the demooratio method of a free and impartial plebisolto, oonduoted under tho cruspioes of the Unlted Nations, “Observlng that on ‘2’7 Ootober 1860, the General Counoil of the ‘AlbJammu and Knshmir National Conferenoec adopted a resolution reoommendlng the oonvenlng of a constituent aesembly for the purpose of determinin filiation of the State o B ths ‘future chape and d- Jammu and Kasbmlrli observing further from statements of responsible nuthoritles that aotlon le proposed to oonvene euoh a oonstituent assembly and that the area fromwhioh suoh a oonstltuent nssembly would be eleoted is only a part of the whole territory of dnmmu and Knshmlr, nRemlnding the Covernments and authoritles oonoorned of the nrinoiole embodiecl in the Seouritv Counoll resolutions of 21 April lB4& ~~JÜIÏ~~D$~ and 14 Maroh 1960, and the Unlted Nations Commission for India and Paklstan resolutions of 13 August 1948 and 6 January 1949, thnt tbe final disposition of the State of Jammu and Kashmir ~111 be made in aooordanoe with the wlll of the people expreesed in the demooratlo method of a free and impartial plebieoite oonduoted undar the auspioes of the Unitad Nations, pIy!+ 1 t aux gouvernements et aux autorit in rs~s s e nrinolw bnonob dana Ier rbbrolutîons du Conseil de’ s~o&fM des 21 avril 1048, 3 juin 1948 et 14 mars 1050, et dans les tisolutions de la Commission des Nations Unfer pour l%nle et le Pakistan des 18 adt 1948 et 6 janvier 1940, L savoir que le sort ddiinitif de PEtat de Jammu et Caohemîre doit Btre d6aid8 oonform6meat I la volont des populations, exprkm& au moyen de la proo&ure timoorattque d’un plgbirolte Ubn, et imprrtlal tenu sous l%gfda des Nations Unies, “w que la oonvooatfon d’une rrrembti oonatttuante danr les oondittons ~oommand6er par le Conseil g4ngral cb la Wonf~renœ national0 do ltensemble de IlEtat de Jammu et Caobotin”, sfnrl que tartes ler mosureg qw c&a rrwmbl& paurraft s’efforosr de prendre pan d6termlaer la struohirs et loe assodntlone futures de Peneemblo de 1Wtat do Jammu et Caohomlro ou d%na partie queloonquo dudlt Etat, no aonstltuent pas les moyeno prapros 11 r!5gler le sort dudit Etat aonform8mont cm prinoipe mcntlomfi oi-deasua, n ” *.. 64. Au oours du d6bnt qui prBol3da 1Quloption de oette r8solutlon, le ropr&centant de l%da donna nu 131 lbId.{ <1 uhzlbme sm%e. Su~~lhcnt dn aoptombre d Jbcv,~lbre 19so. doclu lent s/19az. ~Afflrmlng tbat the oonventng of a conrtltuent nssembly reoommended by the Qeneral Counoll of tbe ‘All~Jammu and Kashntir Natlonal Conferenoe’ and any notion that Asrombly might att&mpt to take to determine the future rhape and affiliation of the entîre State or any part tbereof would not oonstltute a disposition of the State in aooordanoe wlth the abovo prlnolplo, n ” I I I 64. Dwlny the dobato preoodlng tho adoption of this resolutlon, tho Incllnn ropresentatlve gnva nssurnnooa ” . . . Wonstatant que 10s Gouvernements de l’Inde et du Pakistan ont aooept4 les terme8 des r8aolutlone de la Commission des Nations Unies nour l’Inde et le Pakietan due 18 a& 1948 et 6 Janvier 1949 et r&ffirm& leur dc3sir de voir rdgler Pavenlr de 1cEtat de Jommu et Caohemire par la proofldum dI3mooratique d’un plt3bisolte libre et impartlal tenu sous l’Bgid@ des Nations Uniee, Wonstatant que le Conseil gbnbral de la aConS renile de l’ensemble de PEtat de Jammu et Caohemirev a adoptb, le a7 o@obre 1960, une rBsolutlon ~oommandant de convoquer une afmembl8e oonatituante appel& il d&erminer “la rtruoture et les aseoolatlons futurea ds YEtat de Jammu et Caohemirewi et oonrtatant, en artre, dlaprbr dos dQolaratlon8 Emanant d’autorît responsables, que des mesures sont proposBe8 en rme de oonvopuer B oet effet une assembl8e oonstftuants et que ls r&ion dans laquelle oetta asrsmblb oonrtltuanta serait Blue rsptisente une partie seulement de l’ensemble du tsrrftolre da Jammu et Caohemfre, nAaoordlngly, provision was made in the Indiarr Constitution for a oonstituent nssembly for settllng the details of the Knshmir oonstitution. Will that assembly deolde the question of aooesslon? My Government’s view 1s thnt. while the oonetituent aseembly may, if it 80 desires, express an opinion on this question, it oan take no deoision on it.” [ 636th meeting, para. as.1 “Some members of the Counoil appear to fear that in the prooess the Knshmir oonstltuent assembly might express ita opinion on tho question of aooession. The oonetltuent assembly oannot be physioally prevented from expresslng Its opinion on thle question, if it SO ohooses. But this opinion will not blnd my Qovernment or’ prejudioe the position of thio Counoil.” 1638th meeting, pnra, 6.1 66. Despite these assuranoes, the Indlnn-sponsored authorities in Kashmir oontinued to deolare that the assembly would deoide the future nffillation of the State, When the Seourity Counoil met again on 29 Mny 1061, the President of ths Counoil nddressed a onblegram to the Fore@ Ministere of India and Pakistan whioh said: “Members of the Seourity Counoil, nt its 648th meetinrr held on aO May 1061, hnveheardwith satisfaotion‘ihe aesuranoes-of the representativu of India that any oonetituent assembly that may be established in Srinagar is not intended to prejudioe the issues before the Seourity Counoil, or to oome in ite way. Qn the other hand, the two oommuniontions to me as Preeident of the Counoil, from the repressntatives of Pakistan , , , oontain reports whioh, if they rire oorreot, indioate that steps are beingtoken bv the Yuvarala of Jammu and Koshmir to oonvoke a”oonstituent aseembly, one funotlon of whioh, aooording to Sheikh Abdullah, would be a ‘deoieicn on the future ehaps nnd afflliatlon of Kasbmir’ . W is the sense of the Seourlty Cou11011 that these reports, if oorrect, would involve procedurer whioh are in oonfliot with the oommltmentr of the partie0 to determine the future aooerslon of the State by a falr and impartial plebiroite oonduotexl under United Nations rurpioer. ‘It seems approprlate to reoall the request oontained In the rosolutloli of 30 Mnroh thnt tbe parties orente and mnlntnln Ian ntmoaphere fnvournble to tho promotion of further negotlntions nnd to refrnln from any notion likely to prejudloe a Just and peuoeful settlement’. The Counoil trusts thut the Governments of Indla nnd Pakistan will do everythlng in thelr power to enuuyo thnt tho nuthoritles in Kashmlr do no1 dlarogard tho Counoîl or not in a mammr whloh would prejudloe tho determlnntlon of tho future nooesslo~~ 0P the Stuto iii aooo~Innoo with the procedurea provldod for In the rosolutions of mire. Cette assembl6e dboidera-t-elle de la questlon du rattaohement? Mon gouvernement estime qu’elle peut, si elle le juge bon, exprimer un avis h oe sujet, mais qu’elle ne saurait prendre de df+oision.fl (636Bme sBanoe, par. 2S.l “Certains membres du Conseil semblent oraindre que l’assembl6e oonstituante du Caohemlre, en Blnbcrant une oonstltution, n’exprime un0 opinion sur la question du rattachement. On ne saurait oontraindre llassembl8e oonstituante h s’abstenir de falre oonnaftre son opinion h oe sujet si elle le dbsire, Mais cette opinion ne serait pas obllgntoire pour mon gouvernement et ne porterait pas atteinte B la position du ConseiLn [638bme s6anoe, par, 6.1 66. En d6pit de oos assurunoes, les autorit du Caohemire mises en place par l’Inde persistbrent B d6olarer que lQssembl6e d8oidorait des associations de 1IEtot. Lorsque le Conseil se rbunlt B nouveau le 20 mai 1961, le PrBsldent du Conseil de s8ouritB adressa aux Ministres des affaires Btrangbres de l’Inde et du P&l&an un t616gramme dans lequel 11 disait oe qui suite *Le 29 mal 1061, les membres du Consell de s8ourit6, au oours de sa 648bme 8681108, ont entendu avec satisfaotion le reprbsentant de l’Inde donner ltassuranoe que toute assembl&e oonstltuante qui serait rbunie B Srinagar n’aurait pas pour objet de prbjuger les questions soumises au Conseil de s&ourit& ou dlentraver son aotlon. “En revanohe, les deux oommunloations qui m’ont Bte adress&es en ma qualit de PrBsident du Conseil par les reprbsentants du Pakistan, . , contiennent des informations dont il ressort, si elles sont exaotes, que le Yuvaraja du Jammu et Caohemire ae dispose B oonvoquer une aesembl8e constituante dont l’une des fonotlons, selon le cheik Abdullah, oonsisterait % dbterminer la struoture et les association8 futures du Caohemire”. “Le Conseil de s8ourit6 estime que, si oos lnformatlons sont exactes. Il sWt de mesures sui sont en oontradiotion a& lten&gement pris par les parties de d&erminer l’aooession future de 1’Etrt au moyen d’un pl6blrolte 6quitable et impartial, sous les rurploes des Nations Unies, “11 semble appropri8 de rappeler B oe sujet que la r8solutIon du 30 mars a invit le8 parties h orQer et mnlntenlr “une atmosphbro favornblo nu progrbs de nouvelles nbgooiatîons et h s’abstenir de toute aotlon qui pourrnit nuira au rbglement byultnble et paolfique du diffbrend”. La Consoil ospbre fermoment que les Gouvernemonts de l’Inde et du Paklstnn foront tout oo qui eet en lour pouvokr pour velllor h oc quo 10s nutorltos du Cnohomire ne passent pas outre aux dbisions du Consell et n’nginsent pas de manlbre h empboher que l’aooesslon future de ~!Etat soit dbtormln8c oonform6mont 57. It was at thls stage that Shetkh Abdullah proved to be an impediment In lndin’s path beoause ho began to stress that the aooesslon was provlsional and, even aP suoh, was llmlted to a restrloted number of subjoots. lt buoame an urgont neoosslty for the aovernmcnt of Indla to eliminate hiin as a faotor in the equation. Thls was done by his arrest and lmprisonment. Bakshl ahulam hlohammed. who was lnutalled in bis plaae, undertook to faollltate the steps whioh were oontemplated by the (lovernmont of India for tlghtenlng its hold over Jammu and Kashmlr, By an order promulgated in 1064, ns amendcd from tlmu to time, the mvernmant of Indiu has sought to reduoe, step by step, tho statua of Jnmmu and Kashmir to a provlnoe of the Indlan Union, The lntegratlon of the Stnte’s serviooa wlth the rest of India and the extension of the jurisdiotlon of tbe Comptroller and the Auditor-General and of the Eleotlon CommIesioner ancl the Supreme Court to the State were some of the stops In this prooess. Eaoh of theee measures oould be made to appenr as minor and lnnoououu in nature, but taken together they oompel the funotionlng of Jammu and Kashmir as n unit of the Indian Union. en l’arrbtant et le mettnnt en prison. Bakabi Qhulam Mohammed, mis au pouvoir B sa plaoe, entreprit de faoiliter l’aotlon envisag$e par le Gouvernement de l’Inde en vue de raffermir sa mainmise sur 1’Etrt de Jammu et Caohemire. Par un d6oret qu’il promulgua en 1964, et qu’il amenda de temps B autre, le Gouvernement de l’Inde s ‘efforpa de ramener progressivement le statut de 1Qtat de Jammu et Caohemire B oelul d’une provinoe de l’Union indienne. Ltint6gration des services publlos de 1’Etat h oeux du reste de l’Inde et ltextenslon de la oomp6tenoe du Chef des eervloea finsnoiera. du Commissaire aux oomptee, du Commîseaire aux bl&$.Ionr et de la Cour susr6me de manibre B enulober 1’Etat de Jammu et &ohemlre, sont au nombre des mesures prises dans oe prooessus. Chaoune d’entre eIIer pouvait Btre pr6sentbe comme une mesure d’lmportanoe mineure et de nature inoffensive, mais, oonjugu6es, elles obligeaient 1 ‘Etat de Jammu et Caohemlre B fonotionner oomme un 616ment de l’Union indienne. 68. Ces dlff6rentee mesures Drirea toutes en violrtlon d’un aooord lnternat.ionai et au mbprir de lr r6solution du Conseil de s6ourltb que Je viens de citer oondulslrent finalement B Itrdoptlon, en novembre 1068, d’une %onrtltutlona par W1tAsremb16e oonrtiturnte~ du Caohemire. Ce- %onrtitutlonn dlrposaltr “Le Caohemlre est et mera partie int6graW de l’Union lndlenne.a Le Pakirtsn porta h ~uveau la question h l’atint on du Conrefl do rbouriti qui, le 24 janvier 1967 oh 11 6tslt dltl 4 adopta une autre dbrolution 66. These meneures, a11 taken in violation of international agreement nnd in deflanoe of the Seourlty CounoWe resolution whioh 1 have quoted, eventually led to th? adoption, in November 1968, of a @toonstltutionn by the “oonstltuont aeeembly” in Kashmlr, This moonstltutlonW deolared: “Kashmlr 1s and shall be an lntegral part of the Union of India’. Pakistan agaln brought the matter to the Seourity Counoil’e attention, nnd on 24 January 1967 the Counoil adopted another reeolutlon.~whloh stater: “The Seouritr CounolL ” . . . WRemlndlnp the Governmentr and authorltier oonoerned of the prlnoiple embodled in Its reeolutionr of 21 Aprll 1948, 3 June 1948, 14 Maroh 1960 and 30 Maroh lDG1, nnd the Unlted Nutlono Commlsslon for Indla ml Puklstnn resolutions of 13 Aumst iB48 and 6 January 1040, chat tho final dlsposl~lon of tho State of Jammu nnd Kaehmlr ~111 bo mndo in aooordnnoe w1tl1 the ~111 of the people expressed through the demooratlo method of a freo and lmpartiai plebisolte oonduoted under tbe a~eploos of tbs Unltod Notione. -- .!!soo root-wte 0. LY Voir ,me 0. “Le Conseil de r6wrlt6, ” ‘F aux gouvernementa *; autorlth înt6- r6ss B le prinoipe 6nono6 dmm om rbolutîoam des 21 avril 1948, 3 juin 1948, 14 mars IBM) et 30 mars lBG1, a11isf que dans les r6solutlons des 13 ao[lt 1948 et 6 janvier 1049 de la Commiselon dos Nations Unies pour l’Inde et le Pakistan, B savoir que 10 sort cl6flnltlf de lV%at do Jammu et Caohemlre doit f3tre cpBold6 oonform6ment PI la volont des populationa, c erlm6e au moyen de In proo6dure d6moorntlqu., ci’un plbbieolto libre et impartial tenu sous l%glde des Nations Unloe, ” n 6.. 60. Agaln, undeterred by this resolution and despits Pakistan’s repeated protesta, the Qovernment of India tua oontinued to adopt menaurea ueur&n inoreasinu power and authoriti over the Rate-of-Jammu ana Kaehmir. Tho takinn over of responeibility for the administration of h&hwuys, telegiaphs, teiephones, inoome tax. broadoastinrr and ouetome. the subordination of tlie Audit and Aooounte Department of the State to the AuditoW3eneral of India, the abolition of the ouetomti burriere and the permit system for entry into and out of the State, the subjeotion of its eo0nomio plane to the authority of the Indian Planning Commieeion, the imposition of the authority of the Supreme Court of India over Kaahmir, and the arrogation by the Preeident of India of powere to promulgate laws in Jnmmu and Kntihmir by exeoutivefiat-a11 theee, among other things, are linke in the ohain with whioh Jammu and Kaehmir hne been shnokled. The lateet measuree show that India is determined to oontinue to flout the Seourity Counoil by reduoing the State to the level of a mere administrative unit of India, 60. It ir manifeet that the people of Indian-oooupied Jammu and Kashmir would have none of thle eo-oalled *intouration” with India. 1 have quoted euffioiently from-fore@ observera, from thé moving letter of Sheikh Abdullf written from behind prison bars, and from the admirrion of Babhi GhÜlam Mohammed himrelf, to ahow that the ninoredible drama of religiour parrionr and politioal rebellion” is direoted againrt any kind of politioal aseooiation with India. 81. The people of Jammu and Karhmir demand relfdetermination. They demand a pleblroits. The indiotment Ira Sbeikh Abdullab’r letter rpeake for itrelf. He ha8 stated that In hi8 oonaidered view the Iiacratbal snoriloge: n . , . 113 not an isolatod inoidont unoonneoted with tha happoninge in tbe reoeat paet in Kasbmir...m -a post in whioh tens of millions of rupoee of the Indian Exohequor-nhnve lnrgely boen ut.illzod to oorrupt tho poopla of Knehmlr nnd almost killed their very sou1 ao QEI to ‘drug them away’ from any pueeiblo reeistanoe ngaiHet tha onelaugbt on thoir hneia hw rights.” Shelkh Abdullah kas demandod a rovieion of Indin’e polioy in regard to Jammu and Knshmir, n polioy 68. Indian newepapere are full of inepired reporte that the panaoea, the soverelgn remedy for a11 the ille of Kashmlr, le to oomplete the prooese of annexation at one etroke. TO this end, India’e agents in Kaehmir have been summoned to Delhi to take Oounsel with the legal sophiste of the Oovernment of Indla. Cffioere of the Indian Covernment are being planted in key administrative and polioe poete in the state. The Indian bureauoraoy is belng superimposed on the Shamsuddin Qovernment, Theee insidioue meaeurea, deslgned to tighten India’s own grip on Kashmir, are preeented to the world as steps to flntrengthenn and “oleann the State administration, 64. This is the grave situation that 1 have to brlng t0 the attentlon of the Seourity Counoil, Pakistan is direotly oonoerned and involved in the fate of the people of Jammu and Kaehmir. Pakietan ie pledged to entire that the people of Jammuand Kashmir axeroiee their right of self-determination aB spelled out in the reeolutions of the Seourity C~unoil and the Unitfxl Nations Commieeion for India and Pakistan. The Swurity C~unoil has twloe adopted reaoluticne reaffirming that the final diepositlon of the State of Jammu and Kaehmlr will be made only in aooordanoe with the will of the people, exer0ised through the demooratio method of a free and impartial plebieoite oonduoted under the auapioee of the United Nations. 86. Coneequently, the Qovernment of Pakietfan 18 honour bound, in duty and gond faith, to requeet the Seourity Counoil to oall upon Indla to oeaae and deeirt from any notion oontrary to that deoirion, to whioh India itself le a party. That decirion muet be urgently implemented. The eituation inside Karhmir and in the India-Pakirtan duboontlnent demande AL 68. A8 rhted in my letter of 16 Janunry, lndir’r lniquitouw polioler In Jammu and Karhmlr bave lad to upheavale in that State. The prerpent rebellion bas further aggravated relations betwoen Pakistan and India, and led to oommunal riots in tbe two oouutries. TO the deep regret of my Covernment, tbe tenelon OVW tho Iiazratbsrl and Klshtwar outrages and tho subsequent r6glme of reproseion in Indlan-oooupiod Kaehmir found expression in eome regrettable inoidents on 3 January againet the Hindu mfnority in the Khulna and Jossore dietriota of Eacrt Paklsbm. The dleorder wa8 promptly eupprossetl nnd normal llfo restored in the two distrinte. 88. Confronted with +his hum :n tragedy, the Prosidsnt. of Pakietan made an appeai on 13 January to the people Of Pakistan to maintain oalm, emphaeieing the eupremo need for preservlng oommunul pac despite the anxiety and provooation that the tragio events in We8t Bengal had onused them. ‘The President of Pakietan also sent an urgent appeal to the President of Indla to take immediate and effeotive steps to rertore order and peaoe in Caloutta and other are88 of Weet Bengal, euoh as would oreale a senee of seourity ha the minde of the Muslim minority and enable the Muslim refugeee to return to their homes. IIe omphaeleed that this was in the larger lnterests of bath India and Pakistan. IIe observed that he oould not help feeling that: “In thus taking the law into their own hhnde, with a view to driving the Muelims out of Woet Bengal into East Pakistan. certain elements in themaiority oommunity in West Bengal may have been enoouraged by the Polio~ that the Government of India hae been following 0% the last two years, deepite our protests and appealr, to drive out Indian Muelims living in the dirtriotr bordering East Pakistan.” Nearly 100,000 Indian Muslime had thue been pushed out into Eaet Pakistan bv the end of last Deoember, prior to tbe latart oom&unal dimrdere and disturb IIY)Oa, Sînoe km, aa statacl earlier, over 50,000 more refugees bave fled into Eaet Pakistan as a reeult Of these dirturbanoer. 69. The Indian kresidenVr reply to thir appeal wa8 unhOlnfu1. In a message to tha Prorident of Pakirtan on 18 January [S/66$2, annc:r IJ, he rought to put th8 entire blame for tbe killinge and destruotion in Calouttn and Weet Beng~l on the Kbulna inoidents in East PaUtan. Ile went on to aoouse the Paktstani lendere and tho Pakietani Prees of doing noverything to rouse communal passions to an unoontrollable pitoh” 70. Rofrnining from engnging in a oontrovorsy 0Vdr faots, the Preeident of Pakistan replioo: 70. Se gardaut de s’engnger dans une controverse sur lea faite, le PrAsIdent du Pakistan a rbpondu an oefl termes: The Preeident of Pakistan went on to say: “What 1s really needed 1s that whatever steps are nepessary should be most urgently taken to restore law and order and mete out deterrent punishment to the oriminals who have been responsible for killlng innooent men, women and ohildren. “We are faoed wltb a grave human problem. It will not be solved by shutting our eyes ta lt, as for example, Mr. Nanda’s statement chat on 14 January absolute oommunal harmony prevailed in Caloutta, Nor oan we salve this problem by blaming others for oreating it. Let leaders in eaoh oountry look into thelr own hearts and resolve to put their own house in order.” [w.] 71. In hls message the Indian President made a sumzestion that the President of Pakistan should loin wiK him in an appoal to the peoples of the &JO oOuntries to maintain oommunal peaoe and harmony. In reply, Presldent Ayub Khan pointed out: “Aa you Imow, 1 have already issued an appeal to my peuple. 1 took the earllest,opportunity to do this. 1 do not set) haw a seoond appeal by me would have any greater effeot. What le required 1s that Stern measures be taken agalnst those misoreants wbo are responsible for reoent inoidentsm-inDaooa and Narayanganj, that is in Pakistan-@ and to prevent trouble from spreading, Thls is what the Government of East Pakistan are doing with the full baoking and support of my Qovernment.” (Ibid.1 In order to restore communal peaoe and harmony in East Pakistan, we had to resort to firing on our own people, 72. This reply rose above the level of oontroversy. It was fllled wîth a human oonoern and oompassîon for the sudden and tragio fate that had overtaken tens of thousanda of innooent mGn, women und ohildren for no fault other thnn thut tboy belon@ to a minority oommunity. It is a mntter of tbe deepeet regret to my Governmont that the oontngion of riotlng in Cnlouttn and othor purte of We8t Bengnl spread subsoquonlly to Dnooa and Nnrnyanganj and oertaln otber distriots in Eaet Pukistan. However, the Enst Pulcistan authorities, wtth the full support of the Govornmcnt of Pakistan. took stern and cleterrOnt mensures to supproeo tbe dlsordore und the situation hno, 1 bava tho aatlsfuotIon to sny, returned to n0rmnl. 72. Comme vous pouvec le oonstater, le Pr4sident du Pakistan s’est 4lev6, dan8 sa r4ponsr, au-dersus de la oontroveree. Sa oommunloation Btajt empreinte de sollioitudo et de oornpassion pour le sort tragique qui a soudainement 6t4 oelui do diealnas de mllllers dtitmooents, homm0s, femme3 et enfa&, qui ntavalont d’autre tort que oalui dtappartenir h une oommunaut4 minorilalre. Mon gouvernement regrette profondbment que les houtes de Cnloutta pt d’autrer parties du Beiignle oooldantal 88 solen\ btondueo ?ar la cuite a Daooa et h Narayanganj, a..181 qu% oertains autres dlstriots du Paklslan oriwntal. Quo1 qu’ll en aolt, les autorit& du Pakistan oriental, agiesane av~o le plein appui du Gouvernement pnklatanais, ont 76, Noue avons toujo’~s dit k notre volsin quIIl faudra bien finir par r&glcr 10 dUf&rond relatif au CacrhemIre ai nous voulons qua noa populations puissant jouir des bîenfnits de la paix. L’Xnde vlont nous dIr0 maIntenant que 00 sentImont d~hostIlIti entre Iee doux pays tient 8 quelqua ohose de mystb rIeux qui so trouveraIt dans l’osprit et 10 ocmur dF) nos oompatrlotes, k une anImoeit6 fondamental0 que rlen ne pourra jamais extirper. w)e telles d4- olaratlom sont ou bien dIot0os par le d6seepoIr ou bien Eil prëtoxte pour dIff&ror le rbgloment du probItme p~InoIjM qui smpoIsonno I’uxinteuoo dos deux. pays &puIs leur Intipendanoc. Lorsquo le dif&endl Qiuo&nt 1g Caoheasû ht potiB wur le pwih@tie M.i devan le Conseil, le rWpr&33ntant de I%d.8 *Ma 00 qut suit,: %a dl6gatIon de 1%x& eupbre pouvoir oanvaiuore 10’ CWell de sbourIt6 qu’un0 fols la qusstion du Cao&mIre r&@e il ne :resl\sra probablement uu6~un pxvbIbqe important qui pdssc ppouer l’Inde e.Ç lu Pgklstan , , . "'gX30bma s&nnoo~,] 76. Nous sommes entibramont d’aooord Ih~doesue, M@e que afe+ pnse6 f3n fait? On a lai& le WffMnd toubha~it 16 ’ caohomlro s%mvenImex au oours des 18, dornîbree aun6os. Le vol de I%mratbal IX BU IWIn~e1le qui R pis le fn« nu% poudres, X,‘Q&gyrjg de Xmdrns n pu t%rIro, tlnnf~ :ion muritro du a6 jrrnvierr Mnt btabllr dee relatIona do bon volelwgs.et 0rtIor entre las doux paya uno ntmoophbrg dano laquolla les mltxxW% pourront vivre BP paix et eu o&nM,ki. 7’1. Lwxlque lu queotlan du Chc~sïdrQ P’h3 port&l devant le Çotwafl pour la derni?we foie, en l&, ic Gouvwnement do l’lude 144aouteuu qua &SB r&olutknlf3 du, f3 aoat 1948 .et du .a JPnvler la* de la Commleelon dw NatLone UnQs po~l~IndeelLe.&Wc& tnu, prGvwbmt un pl6Weolt.e *II W&f3ral~e,. w3, - ” valent Btre appllqll4es $arua quq 1Q.??akLcrtatu, ti’@#r lvI.ude, ne eUtait, pas aoq#t& des @#&jone. ,qui lui lnoo~~eirt w, Ve* &Y oes ~raE@l+w+a. ,1 / 70. M repx$sentant permanéat du %JcJeQM’ 9 alka d8crlar4 au Consul1 [WO&mo etkme] que le:P+klrt$h serait pr& h aoeeptctr nYmpdrt j quelle tWho& qui pourrait Btre propoo8e pur8 4) clbfinir 148 obUgatlonu iuaombant nux partles on vertu do 088 Molutloue; B rwheroher siele sont lea obetw~es qui etoppose& au p rtw ët a la mlao eu cwrq cias r8solutlonsj g) d6 ermïner E!. l(une ou ltatitro de4 Y partlos avait faIll FI ses 0bllgatIone~ d) prbctner 00 quo ohaoune dee partles davralt fuir& pour Ii&& l+ plioatlon deelUes tisolutlonu, U a 6galpmsint dit que 01 l’exnmeii dee ~Inbs ar0oItbs r&v&lolt un maimuemont do In parti du Ptïkietan, oelul-ai rem6diein1t 6r In eltuatlon par 108 moyen8 lee plus rapfdw et k la date la plw rapprooh& poWble, de fqon h fa& liter la plotue applioatlon derr r$oolutlouo. Tel est ftengagement quIJ II pris devtit le @ontMI de ~40~ rit6 au nom de 0011 gouvernement. 77, Whon tho 1Cr ;~IV~P LBUUO lnst OUMO up bofora tho Saaurlty Couuotl 43, UIO stand of thc Govorumeut id tndla wnE( thé Unlted Nntlone Commiselon for JudJa nnd Iiaklok Wlutlo!W of 13 Augur$t 1048 niid 6 Jtmunry 104d‘, onlllng for a plet>lfMto le Knshinlr, OOuld net bo Itnpl~meiitod bouauso PWlrrtnn, nroordli~ ta tndia, hact not onrrlod odt lts pnrt of the obllgnttons undul~ thotio rosolutIolls, 78. PakJetaiits Pormnnont Meyrosoutatlvu theii propeeed tu tho Couiioll. (1OOM.h moetlng] thnt Pnklstan would IM aareenble to fmy method thnt may be eug- Eeatodl (fl) t0 dotormiiie thQ Obli~atkW Ol th0 WU%QQ üuder uieso reaolutlone; (bJ todotQrmlns what WMI holdliig up progress on their implomentntlont do) to dotez’mL~o whether elthor of tho pnrtlos wns Judufuult wlth regard to be fuJfllment of lb obllgntlone; nnd @i) whnt wne uoeded to bu dono by olthor eldu to I~OVO the matter forwnrd townrds lmplementntlou. The Pormnneiit JIepresentatlvo of lWlf3tan furtirer do- 01artxJ that if a det~rmlr~atlon of UWO quoetloim dleeloeed bat I%kMnn wns In defnult ia nny of thoeo rebpeot8, tho dofnult would be reotlfbd through tho epeedleet methfxl nt tho cnrlloet poaBiùl0 moment, 80 thnt tha wny mny be oponecl townrds full Implementatien of the resolutlone. Thls ww nn uudortaklng that ho submltted to tho Seourlty Counoll on behalf of the cWerm~lont of P~stlm. 78. Indla refuse8 +.o submit lts dlfferenoes wlth PnkleW in regnrd tu thoeo mattare elther tu medlatloii or to nrùitrntlon, lîmlted merely to euohquestione of faot. 11~ othor worda, Iudla nrrogates to lbolf the role of both tho noouBer nud the JUIJIW. Indlu’e oontentlon hae beeu thnt the eo-onlle;i n5oeealan of the State of Jnmmu nnd Knshmlr to IInclln 1s flnnl nnd 78. L’Inde refwo de awinettre son dlffbread’.8 oe suJot avoa le Pakletan tant ‘B unt3 m+.Uatlou qu’% un arbltrago, m8me I1mltSe aux felta, Dn dWik+a termes, l’Inde pr&end, en ostta affaire, Btr& 0. la fOl!g Juge et partle. L’Inde a toujours soutenu que le pr& tendu rattu&snQnt da IfEtat de Yammu et,~aclpipire b l’Inde est total ot d6fiaitIf. Du point de,*; TU~& par oon&quent, 11 nty a pluu rl9n h .f&6 +r ge,qut oonuerne le Cnohemire. th toute Wdenoe le PakUtan no peut aooeptor 09 point de vue nt!no lo &ri ftùnala, LB Conseil’ ‘do atIourlt4 ne pout 4 %4oe#er da&nt~~ Qui plu@ Bat, cietto attitude du l’Ui@ &&anttt ‘ht oapo1r de tiglemttnt paolflque @ oét+ +@jutl$~~ 0% pl0&W3. ,‘,, I , ’ I SO. Le13 porte-parole de l’Inde, ont ,pti&i :&r puisque trois bleotlon~ ont eu 1l.w Ir l~;hf#Wk3 l&giielntive de IlEtat du Ucwhgmlre qui ‘a,,PIJpuyL *le r,ttaohement de 1’Etat” h l’Inde, 11 nierit piua n8oeesaIre d’organiser un pi8bitxoIte pour aavalr bi le ltopulutlon du <Tsmmu DG Oaohusnl%o d&Jro htre rattnohtk h l’Inde ou an Paklutnn. 82. But tho faots of tho sltuatlou nro that thoso olootlons wero fnroionl, onriroly faroionl. ln lIiii1, nll of tho 46 aomlnoes of tho Nntlonnl Conferanoe-whioh 18 tho ollquo In Kaehmlr sponsorod by tho Indinn Ciovormneut-for tho 46 oonstituonoios In tho Vnlo of Kashmlr nnd Lndakh woro deolnrod to hnvo boon roturilud u~~ppos~l; nud tto polling took plnoo on tho date fixed for tho ballot. In 1887, onlv 8 out of the 48 seats for tire Valo of Knshmir. ami-Ladnkh wero ooutosted and in thoso tho ol~poeltion was n tokou opywltiou. The Eoouomis\ of Laldou, on 0 AprillOtl7, demribed this ns n *aolemn fnroo”. Tho New York -of 8 Mnroh 1987 oommouted~ “Thls 1s uot an tolootlot~t In rmy son80 of tho wortl. The term elcotlm mofuu a ohoioo. ‘l’ho Kashmlris bave hnd mono. WWhnt happeued 1s no orocilt to Iudla, no reflaotlou of eontlmont nmou tho Knshmiris aud no ooutrlbuuoll to a solutioa 0 P thle thoruy problum.” 88. III 1082, Tho Timos of London of 6 Fobruary roported that “tho fiold le just loft oloar for politioal oup~rteru of liiidInn , ëvon a pro-Indlnti group, tho Domoorntlo National Conforeuoo, ns roportod lu The Statosmnn of Dolhl ou 23 Mnroh lDU2, sniti thnt ---- “the wholo 0lootIon 1s fnlacP. Tho CtunrtiQ roportocl on 16 Februnry 1982 that these elootions would *on00 agaln provldo~no test of tho lapulnr ~111”. It ntidod thnt tho opposItIon wns beiu~ alImIt~ntod by tho permit nnd lioen$ rnj-moaning tfint thoso whoopposod tho gOV0rklIt~g pnrty got no Industrlnl lIoonoo or fmport nermit-nnci thora 1s n ounoo I)rIrrndo to tionl wlth ~eouloltratite. Tho Or~&or of New%olhI on 12 Mnroh --- -- 1982 dosorIbed thoso olootlons ns n nsordlti f30nncinln. l-tidustan TImos of DelhI oommautoti odItorInlly, on 12 b’obrunrv 1008. thnt It was oxtrnordintiv thnt In 32 out of 42 o&stItu&oIes, Bakshi ahulam Mohmmed hnd loft uo work for the Elautlou CommIsoIouor, nnd Askod: “1s it tint tho pol1oIos of his aovornmont aro 80 unlvoreally aooeptod thnt wo might us woll roplnoo in hls domain tho proooso of aloollon by tho proooss of noolamatIon?~~ 82. Mais le fait est que oos 6leotious ont 6t6 une fnroo, use puro fnroa. En lDG1, 10s 4ii otuididnts prbsent6s par la Coaf6roiioe untioanle - qui est laollquo mine t%i plnoo au Cnohemlro lmr le Qouvoruomerrt indien - pour 10s 4li oiroonsoriptlons do la ValHo de Cnohemiro et do 1,ndnkh ont 6t6 tous dbolnr6s 61~s Bruis ol~pos1tIon; auoun sorutlti n’a ou Ilou h In dnto ffx6e pour 116100tIon. En 1987, huit seulnmont des 46 uibgee nttribubs h la &Ion de la Vu1160 do Caohemlro ot do Lndnkh 6taIent dIsput& et enooro ue s~nglsscdt-il que d(uue opposition symhollquo. Dnus sou numbro du 8 avril 1DH, 1’FoouomIst de Londres a qunllfI6 oes Bleotious de Ynroo solennellowI Le NewYork TImes du 8 mars 1987 contiont B 013 sujet les oomn~outu1ros sulvnutsr “Il tto s’ngit absolument pas d’une ~6lootIon~. QUI dit Bleotion dit ohoix. Or, les hnbltauts du Cnohomfre utoat pas eu do ohoix. %S!e qui s’est pass6 ne fnlt pns honuuur B 1Qldo; oes a61eotIonsN no reflbtent pris le sentlmont de la populnUon du Caohemire et a’npportont nuouuo ooutribution h la solution de oe proùlbmo 6pInoux.” 83. En 1982, 10 Ta do Londres a rapportb, dans son num6ro du 6 f6vrIer, quo “la terrnln vouait d’btre d6blay6 pour 10s pnrtlsnns polItIques de ltIndon. Un groupomont pro-iudlun lui-m6me, lu ConfQronoo untloualo ci6mooratirIue, n d6olnr6, nlusIquel~arapport6 10 23 mnra rQ62 le Statosman do Dolhi, que Yos blootious tout ontlbros btnlont falsifibos H, LO ~uardlat~ du 18 f6vrIer 1902 borivnlt, nu aufot do oos bleotlous, qu’elles uo foux~nIraIant, “uno fois de plus auouno IndIoatIou de la volont populnIrem. 11 ajoutalt que ltoppositlon 6tait supprIm6o grRoo nu “permit nnd lloenso rnjH - voulnut dfru par lh que ooux qui s’opposaiont nu parti nu pouvoir se voyaient refuser toute lioenoe Industrlollu ou permis d%nportntlon _ et qu’une brigade de la p111x s%ooupaIt des r6oaloitrants. LtOrgnnIeor de New Delhl, du 12 mars 1982, dIsait do oes Bleotlous qu’elles btaient un Qordlde sonndnlo”. Dans son Bditorlnl du 12 fhrier 1902, le IIIuduutnu TImes do Delhi d6olnrnIt qu’il Btnit extrnordlnnira que, dnns 32 des 42 oiroonsoriptfons, Bnkshl Qhulnm Mohnmmed nIaIt rien laiss6 B faire RU QommlssnIro aux Bleotions et Il damnndnit: “La polItIque de son gouveruamont est-elle SI g6u6ralement nooept6e que uous puissions remplnoer, dnne son seotaur, le systbme des Bleotious pikr oalui clou r!oo1om!~t1o~la7” pae la 1llOlndIW appare1loo d%leotlons libres OE d&3- rnwrAtlquos.” 86. Ce alest pas en soutenant qu’il s’agit d’une affalro Int8rieuro que l%de assurera le r$gYsmont de 00 p~&YBme explosif. Elle n’assurera pas divantoge oe rbgYemeat en avanpanE dus arguments faYluoioux a l’appui do SOS pl~bto1lttokls Il1laylUah~os sur 10 torritoira do l’Etut, Nous 11e Hsoudrsns oertntnement pas le problbme en fermant 10s yeux sur son oxIst0iroo. D’autre pnrt, la situation rlsque fort dlelnpIrorr oomme 0110 A dtallleurs empirb Au oours des auubos et pondant les quelques semalues qui vlennone do s%oouYer. 00. Lors de la doriilbre rbunion que le CoaeeIY do st3ourirb 0. oonsaor40 YA ootte question, on 1062, l’oplulan do la majorltb, tel10 qu’ollu ressort des dbolaratIo1is faitos par les membres du Conseil et du projet do r8solutIon soumis au Uonçruil-/, &aYt que lgndo et le Pakistan devaient proo8der B dee nbgooiations bIYAtbraYes pour trouver une solution Equitable et honorable h oe dlffbrond, 87. En novombro 1002, grlloe aux bons OffIoes des Etats-Unis et du noyaume-Wti, le Pr&ldenl: du Pakistan et 10 Prcmlor Mhlstro da lV,ude ont aooept4 d’oognger dos oonvarsntious on vue de reoheroher une solution au pmblbmc du Cachemire. J’aleul’hen- 36. Thls oxl>losivo issu0 ~111 net bo 1~0eolvod by IndIn 01AimIng it to bo A domoetlo nffnlr. Yt wlll net bu roaolvetl by lxltting forwnrd dlsingonuous nrgutnonts in support of A fIotItIous IMliaU OlaIl~l to the YtAwl3 to1~rItory. It wlll 0ortnInly net bo ~osolvod by shuttlng our oyes to Its existonoe, On thoothar hand, tho sltuatlon ooulcl oonoolvably grow worse, ne indeed St has beoe growIng worso ovor tho years nnd In tho lnsr fow woeks. 80, Yh1’hg tll0 lnst Soourlty c0Un011 1noo~ing 011 UlIS Issu0 In 1962, tho majority VIOW, as exprossed in tir0 statemen~s of tlie Couuoil~s memhare sud In the draft resolution submltted,.&m that Yndin and Pakistan ehould oseor InEo bllatural nogotIatIons to fInd A just and honourable seltiemont of tlils dispute. 87. In Ncvombor lDfJ2, through tho good offloos of tho United Stntos nnd tho Unltod Kingdom, tha Prosrdent of Pnkistan nnd tho Indian Prime MInIstor ngrocxl to undbrtnko bilnternl tulks to sook a uolutlon of tho Kashmlr problom. 1 had tho ho,jour ta rapresant tYro Clov0mmie11t of Y%&Istnn in thoso nogotIatIons, Thoy ohrtod In tho lnst wook of I)ooamber 1002 nnd oontlnuod 2111 May 1983. Thoy andod in oomplaee fnlluro, I’he nogotIntions fnllod boonuss of Indlu’s Intrnnslggnt stnnd ngalnst any just nnd honournbla settlemant of tho dIsput nnd its rofusnl to movo from Its rlgid position. ueur do repr&enter le Gouvernement du Paklet~ k 00s n&oolatIons. Elles ont ooinmonob pondaut la dornibra samaine de dhoeinbre 1962 et se sont pours>lvIes Jusclu’en ma1 1963. Elles se sont terminbes pnr un doheo oomplef, Les i&gooIations oAt 0ohoti 011 ralson de ltinEransIgenuoe de l’Ynd0 B 1Vlgard da tout rbglement honorable et BquItAble du litiw et do son refrrs da s0 dbpartlr de cotte nttltude rigide. 88. Les Gouvernements des Etats-Unis et du lXoyaume-Uni, qui s%taiont efforo6s tout au long des n&oolations bllatbrales d’enoourager et d’aider les deux partios B s’entendre, proYK&renl alors leur0 bons offIoos sou8 une autre forino. Ils proposEtrent aux deux paya da oonsentlr YI la d8slgnntIon d’un m&dIateur mutuellement Aooeptablo qul les nidorale h parvenir h un rbglement rapide du dlffbrend TandIs que le Pakistan oherohait etioore B obtenir du Geuvernb.mont dos Etats-Unis et ch UOUVOrtli3ment du Yloynume-Un1 oertaines pr8oIsIons uur la m&iiatlon euvIsagt%e, le Premier Mlnistra de 1’Ynde r6ussIt a snboter lrl propoaItInn pnr un0 d&olnrntIon qu’11 fit 10 13 nofit XI)63 rlovnnt 10 PArlemont Iidion. 88. The Covernm0nto of tha United Statos nnd tho United Kingdom, whioh throughout tha oourso of bilaternl negotlntioas strovo to onoournge nnd asoist botlr pprties to ronoh an ngroement, than offerod tholr good offioee la anothor form. ‘Choy proposad chat tho two oountrIos ngreo to tho nppointmont of a mutunlly aooeptable modlntor to nsslat them In arrlvlng Al: an early settlement of this tltapute. WhIle Pakistan wns stlll engagod in soaking oorhin olarIficntlons from the Qovernmants of the Unlted Rates and tlle UnIted Klngdom on tho m0dIntlon propos& tho Primo MInIster of Indla offeotivoly snbotngod lt by a stntoment In tho Indinn PnrlInmonC on 13 Aafl1se 1903. 91, Tho sltuntlon Wint I havo OoeoriboO to WieSoourlty Counoll demoustrntes beyontl nll doubt Wint tho pnoange of tftne WI11 net-ntid 1 repent, wlll net-holp to reoon- 0110 Wro peopln of Jnmmu nnd Knehmlr t,o h~tllnn oooupntiou nud domlnntion. It muet bo borna in inintl thnt uunt*moO ns Wroy nro, tnufflod na tholr voloos nro by tho bnrrlor f<uig bolwoon thom nud thoir kith nnd kin hi *aznd”Kaehmir nnd Paklatm,unronl’eaelItcd na thoy 111.0, oonaigtiod Ernglonlly to obllvi& n8 thay are, thoy Rl’O porsisting Ill tho oturt1al strugglo of tll0 oppronaod pooplos for froadom. Thoir strugglo 1s horoio. Al1 tho more ao boonuso, In torma of bruto foroo, tho oddo ngnlnat thom nro ~xooptlounlly houvy, Yudin hn8 ono eoldior hi Knshmir for ovory tou mon, 1 wondor how In humnn juat.loo, by a11 tho oonaidorn- Wona thnt govoru tho mornlity of natlcma, Pnkiatau oan bo oxpootod to romnhi n spootntor if tho pooplo of Knahmir oontinuo to bo aupproaaod by foroo, 92. Though aixroon yonre hnvo paaaod without tha agroomout rdgnrdlug Kaahmlr boing onrrlod out, thoro hua uovor ho11 any Wmo wheu Wloro hna boen nny noquioaoanoo on tho pnrt of Pukiatnu OT tho peopla of Knahmir In !ndln’a oooupntlon of tho major pnrt of Knzhmir. Thora hns nover boen nny timo whon w0 have abntod or nbnndonod our rightful olnim. Thora hne nover b0ou nuy titna whon a sonroh wna not pondiug for a paaoaful solution of Wio l~roblom oonsiatont with tho bnsio ~~riuoi~lo nnroed botwoon tho onrtiee. And thora hna Lover-boan-n timo whon tho &rnIn of Wra dieuute in the aitiro Indin-Pakistan eituntlon hne ahown auy aigu of belug aaaod or when Wie taueloua Wmt it hns onuaed have relnxed. 93. 1 venture to aubmlt here thnt if the dootrlne of tha pntisngo of timo rosulting In nn ndvnntngo to ou0 r>nr$ lu un intortintlonnl disnuto if3 uuheld, thon It wouid be juat na woll if wo o&aiOor the Cl&tor of tho Unlted Nations to bava been nbroanted. Cor~ninly, iio ouo muet thon demnnd Wlo oudof nny oolonhi rbglme beonuao there 1s no oolouinl r6gItna whioh tria net ùehincl IE the annotion of tlme muoh longer Wmn thnt oommnnded by tbe Iudiau oooupntion of Knshmir. If tio Seourity-Counoil wns 0xeroÏeotl ovor Kaehmir in 1948. why ahould it net be exerolsed over it In 19647 If it. bo &id thnt the olroumstnnooa havo ohnnged, Wley havo ohnnged only hi this roapoot Wmt in 1948 tha paoplc of Knshmir wor0 stignged Iii nrmed fighWug ngninst Indln Iu Knahmir, nnd lu 19G4 i.hey hnvo only reoently rlson in rebellion ugoln. If thia ohnnge la suppou~d to opornta lo the d!endvnntnge of t.houo who lnid dowii tliolr nrmf? ou lho l.lotl~o ~lvoii by Wio lluitod Nntionn Ihnt thofr ri&t« woultl bo ponoo~~ flllly HO0UPDd, ifi tt Ilot I\ Vh’t~Ull hlthK)0Xll0~lt t0 t.hOm to roeumo hOtJtllitiOfJ? I\FJtUIlliOg Ihnt it In mt t.110 ~.~OqKwo of ih Lloou~~Ity (:WIKI~~ 01’ of IUry ir10111tJ0b’ to proffor ouoh nu liitluoomout, how onii Wao pnnongo of thnc~ !Jr-1 oorlfl~tlolwl. 1111 II ~rwnltl fOkS flm cl~~tlClr~rlallnr~ of Iutl~r~~r~ ~~ormofmlon of tlro f~iwrtw l)n 1-t of Krwhnh:‘? 91. La situation yuo je viens do d8orIrc prowo enun nuoun doute poaslblo que le temps no oontrlbuo;*n pas - ja r6pbte, ne ooutrlbuern pris - h fnlre noOcJptor I~II~ hnbltnntn do Jntnmu et CnOhOiIhY lloooupntlon ot In dotnit~ntiou Inclionnoa. Xl no faut pris oubller quo, dbanrmbs aommo 118 10 .iont, nynnt l0ur volx 6touff6o par In bnrrlbro intorpoo6o brutalomont outre aux ot leurs frbros du Cnohomlro Nnzndw ot du Pnklstnn, Maut privbs do raprbsontnnto ot trurrlouemait vouba h Iloubli, 110 pereiatont dnna octto lu& broruollo quo Iivroiit 10s po;iplos opprlm6a pour obtenir la lll>ortb. Leur lutta est h6rollIue. Bt 0110 llost d?uMlt plus quo SI l’on oompnro~ loa foroo8 ou pr6aouoo, ils sont dans uno situntlon trbs nottom0ut dbfnvorublo. L’Iudo a, nu Caohomiro, un soldat pour 10 hommoe. Au nom do In Juetloo humniu0, nu uom do toua les prlnolpaa qul rbgioaoiit la mornlo dos Oations, ooml~lOnt paut-on oq>6ror, j0 vouu 10 domnudo, quo le Pnkiatnn domeure simpla apaotntour ai les habitants du Caohemiro ooutlnuonl d%tro r6prim6a par la foroe? 92. Seize nnz se sont pnaa& anna qu~oli nit npplîqu6 l~aooord rolntif au Cnohamire, mnin A uuouu moment il 111~ bt6 quoation pour le Pakistuii ou p0ur les habitants du Cnohemiro d’aoquier.Jer, de quelque fnc;ou quo oo soit, h ltoooupntion par IlIndu do la plus grande partie du Cnohemire. A aucun moment, nous n~nvon~ fnibli ai u’avotia rouonob A noo revundioations lbgitimes. A nuoun moment, noua n’avons 00~86 do reoheroher pour oe problbmo une solution pnoifique conforme au principe foudumoutnl noooptb pur lez doux pnrtiea. Maie h auouu momaut uou plus, on nIa pu voir le diff6rend outre l’Inde et le Pnkietnu perdre de aon nouit6 nl les tatislons qu’il n provoqu6es perdre de leur intenatt6. 93. Permettez~~moi da dira qu0,ei l’on doit roeenir la th6sa selon laquelle le tempe travailla on faveur de l’uno des pnrtîee ll un diffbreud intert~ntionnl, noua pouvons tout aussi bien oonaidbrer que la Chnrte des Nationa Unies est nbrog6e. Cnr nlors il est Bvideut que nul ne devrait domnndor la liquidation d%m r6gime oolouinl vu qu’il s’existe auoun r6gime 00Ioninl qui ne soit t3nt~otlotm6 pnr une uur6e beauooup plus longue que o0lle de lloooupntion du Cnohemire pnr l%lde, Si le Conseil de sbouritb est intervouu h propoe du Cnohamira cn 1948, pourquol n’interviendrait-il pna h nouvonu en 19647 Ou noue dirn peut-Qtre que lea oonditions ont ohnng6, maie elle8 out uniquement ohnngb en 08 aena qu’on 1948 le peuple du Cnohemlre btait engng6 dan6 un oombut armb oontre l’Inde au Caohemiro, alors qu’en 1904 il vient roulement de ao soulever A nouvenu. SI oo 0l:nngcmont tlovnlt jouer nu dbtrlinout de ooux cIui ont d6pos6 Rua nrmerJ fmr la foi do llotigngomont pris pnr lOfJ Nntfonn IJnforl tlo votllw h 00 c~u’fh oxoroont lown tlroltf~ tlnns ln pnix, ooln no x’o- V~OMh’Uft-il. IJRfJ h h, ~l~~111110I’, l,fNI’ hfli diI’0, h XOlJr’OOdx’O IOfJ hO0t~litb0? 11. 0flt h flUp~OfJ0r qr;O tOllO ri~out ~%itrd,lrm nt rh Courmll. rlo rGhtwltO nt tllrmnm do fmrl mcmbs~Rri, innI 17 rdorrl ctonm~ont lrnllt-~cw c:onfll=~ f\bOr quo 100 fUiil6OfJ tlI!i pfm00Ot dOim.wt %O dL’0~~: A. 1’Xnrlo tln onnClnutw fi. or:c~iqaw hi m~~jonxw parllo cl11 c!r~0lloitrhv3’~ Johnuoll Oî UlO u111tocl stutoe, ro~I~lng tha PoklllIkoiat1on of for00 hl tll0 sottloknOIlt of torrItorinl disputoe, loso tholr monnlng. 96. 1 hnvo oomo beforo tha Counoll oarnastly to urgo, In the namo of my ~ovornmont nnd, abovo nll, In t4io nnn10 of humnnity, that tho Soourity Counoll tnko approprinto notion to ongle thnt tho Knshmlr disputo nlovo8 rn111dly townrdij an honourublo nnd just eolution in tho lnt-oro& of tho well-boing of tho p-o01110 of tho Intlln-Pnkistnn suboontlnont nnd in tho lntorost of ponoa in Asla. Tho pooplo of Knshmir hnvo unmistnknbly rlean in opon robollion and, unloeu WG refuse to honr thefr ~0100, wo onn no longsr doubt thnt thoy are uni~ooonollocl to Indlnn oooupntlon nnd donilnntlon, nny pnesage of thno nolwlthstanding. 1 nm oonfidont thnt tho Counoil will oonelder lt urgent to on8tn.e thnt Indln rofruhi from aggrnvntlng tho sltuatlon hy grooooding wlth nny mea8urea to annox tho Stato in violntlon of tho lntornntlonnl ngroement nnd of the rlght of tho paoplo of Jnmmu nnd Kauhmir to daoide thol) future for thomsolvas. 96. Je m’adresse au Ccnmeil pour lui demander instamment, nu nom de mon gouvernement, et, pnrdessus tout au nom de l’humanlt& de nrendre 1~ meeure approprlt3ee p43ur falre e1i eorfe qu’il eolt apport6 EIMB d6lai nu diff&end aonoernant le Caohemlre une solution honorable et Bqultable dan8 lW& ri3t dos wpulations de l’Inde et du Pakietan et dane 111nt8r8t-do la paix en Asie. Le peuple du Caohemlre oet sntrf3, on no saurait le nier, en rbbellion ouverte, et, h moins que noua ne refueione d’entendre aa VOIX, il ne noue est plus permle de mettre en doute le fait qu’il ntnoooptorn @mals l%ooupation et la domlnation indiennes: quel que soit le nombre d’ann4ee qui BO sont f3oouldas, jo suie certain que le Consell estimera qVl1 y n lieu de veiller, de toute urgenoe, A oe quo 1’Indc s’abstienne d’aggraver la eltuatlon 8n oontlnuant h prendra des meauye8 pour annexer lWat, en violation de l’accord international et du droit des populations’du Janünu et CaohoWe de dBolder ellefi-m&mes de leur evenlr. 90. 1 snld nt tha outsot thnt ono slxth of the humnn rnoo ie h~olved. TO those poople, moet of whom llve In doop nnd monsureloss povorty, the nllovintion of tholr oondltion proeento a ohnllange, the enormlty of whioh bas, porhaps, no prooedent in human history. Botb our oountrias nro oonfronted wfth urgent nnd oompelllng probleme. Iiow uttorly wrong nnd wastoful It 1s thnt wo should disslpnto our nntlonnl enorgles nnd engage 111 oonfliot wlth ono another. 96. J’ai dit, au dbbut de mon intervention, qu’un sixi8me des &ras humaine Otaient en oauae. L’annOllorntion du tiort de ooo gens dont la plupart eont infiniment pauvres reptisente une tiohe dlfflolle et gigantesque peut-&re txma pnrall& dan- 1Wstolre du genre humain, Norr doux pays 68 &Outrent en fa0e de problbme8 urgents et grave& N‘aet-oo paf3 une erreur profonde et un gaepillage impardonnable que de dlssipor noa Qnergies nationale6 en noua lanpant dans un oonflît qui noua ot~pose le6 uns aux autroe? 99. ‘l’ho PREYIDENT: I hnvo no othor spanlcore on my llst for thls nftornooiVs mooting. Ilnvln~oonoultod informnlly with tho mombQrs of tho Counoll, I SUggOSt that tho Couuoll should roooiivouo on Wodnoaday 6 Poùruary, at 3.30 In tho aftorllQQll. tUSaO. I,%lst~iro Qn offre snns oesse In prouva. CYest pourquoi JQ dis yue lu l~auplodu Cnohemlro sera un jour libre. Cette iikda ssrn-t-elle obtenue par la vlolo~i~ ou la ~%~111oi~, ou aorn-t-0110 attoleto par dos moyens pnoiflquos ot uno oondulto oivi- UsBo? Cola dbpond lnrgomont dos dûolslons quo prondrn 10 Conseil et du rospeot dont nous ferons ~~QUVO h llagnrd de ses da0iSi0US, 99. Eo PREBIDISNT (trucluit de l~nnglalo): Jo nlnl plus dtorntour Insorlt sur mn llstu ~XXI~ In rlkinlon do oet nprbs-mldl. A la trulto des oonsultatlons offioi~usas quo J’nl eu98 nvQ0 10s mombros du conseil, j. l)~l~s~ q~Q 1Q cO~~sO1l SQ ~~aUidSS0 h 11o~vOau 10 mororadi 6 fbvrlor, h 16 h 30. 61 un osC ainsi dUold& ta stfanorJ ast levtfa d lT hourus. OCËANIA/OCtANIL