S/PV.1137 Security Council

In accordance with the decision taken yesterday by the Council on this matter, 1 propose to invite the representatives of, Cyprus, Turkey and Greece to take places at the Council table. 1. Le PRESIDENT: hier par le Conseil,.jemeprofiosed’inviter sentants prendre Sur l’invitation (Chypre), S. Bitsios At the invitation of the President, Mr. Spyros Kyprianoz (Cyprus), Mr. Orhan Eralp (Turkey) and Mr. Dimitri S. Bit&os (Greece) took places at the Council ta hle. 2. Le premier attirer projet la Cate-d#Ivoire,

Before calling upon the first speaker on my list, 1 would draw the attention of Council members to the,draft resolution submitted by Bolivia, Brazil, the Ivory, Coast, Morocco and Norway [S/5776].9 3. Je donne maintenant de la Grèce. 3. 1 now cal1 on the representative of Greece. 4. M. BITSIOS (Grèce) : Au moment oh le Conseil de s8ourité en vue de l’expiration Force

At a moment when the Security, Council is meeting to decide on the measures to be taken in view of the forthcoming expiration of the mandate of the United -- y Voir année, Supplément .!/ Sec Officia1 Records of the Security Council, Nineteenth Year, SuPPkment for April, May and June 1964. 5. I also wish to pay tribute to the tireless efforts of the Secretary-General, who in an eminently humanitarian spirit is doing everything possible to restore peace and calm in Cyprus. 6. The function of the United Nations Force as set forth in the resolution of 4 March 1964 [S/5575]2/ was nto use its best efforts to prevent a recurrence of fighting and . . . to contribute to the . , . restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions,lt In hi8 report [S/5764],3/ the Secretary-General states that the objectives set forth in the resolution of 4 March have not yet been completely attained and that it is therefore necessary to prolong the mandate of the Force. 7. For its part, the Greek Government, in addition to its moral support, has made afinancial contribution towards the maintenance of the Force commensurate with its resources and with its special interest in the peaceful solution of the Cyprus question. My Government will continue to act in this way for as long as such action is necessary. We earnestly hope that, in token of solidarity and appreciation of the work already accomplished by UNFICYP, other Member States will join thosewhichhave already contributed SO generously to the financing of the Force. 8. We consicler that the presence of trie Force has been in inestimable value, The officers and men composing it have shown courage, tact and discipline. If they have been unable to restore the situation completely, it is because none of the underlying causes of tension in Cyprus has disappeared. 9. The origin of the crisis lies in the contra& between the objeotives of the President of the Republic of Cyprus and the obstacles with which he was confronted. President Makarios has endeavoured to lead the island and its population as a whole towards unity, towards democracy and towards true independence as that idea is interpreted in the United Nations Charter. The experience of the first three years amply proved that this objective could not be achieved under the system set up in 1959-1960. On their aide, certain leaders of the minority were working towards the opposite goal: instead of union, they aspired to dismemberment; instead of a democratic regime, they insisted that the minority should be able to impose its Will on the great majority; instead of an independent State, they wanted a puppet country. Not only was there a contra& in objectives; there was also a contrast in methods, 10. Faced with an impossible constitutional situation, Archbishop Makarios chose the way of proposals and negotiations. Ankara preferred foroeful, intransigent methods. Having the possibility of opting for moderation and negotiation and thus sparing Cyprus a new crisis, it did not do SO; it rej ected Archbishop Makarios’ proposals immediately, even before the Turkish 2/ Ibid., Nineteenth Year, Supplement for January, February and March 1964. 3/ Ibid., Nipeteenth Year, Supplement for April, May and June 1964. 11. With the crisis growing worse and threatening international peace, we adopted the resolution of 4 Maroh which aimed at the island’s pacification and at mediation. 11. La crise internationale, lution du 4 mars, à la médiation. 12. What has been the attitude of Turkey since then? At every opportunity it has reaffirmed its alleged right of unilateral armed intervention. At every opportunity it has repeated that the Greeks and Turks of Cyprus could not live peaceably together, and that the only possible solution was partition of the island, with a transfer of population. The euphemisms of ‘fifederation” and tlbi-communal State” , etc., have often been used; but no one is misled as to their real meaning, which is dismemberment. 12. Quelle a &é depuis lors En toute occa.sion, elle a r&ffirmé d’intervention elle a répété que les Grecs ne pouvaient seule solution possible portant de fédkration, employ8s; qui est le démembrement. 13. The statements made by well-known Turks are revealing. With regard to dismemberment, and without referring to what is already known of the proposals submitted by Turkey to the United Nations Mediator, it is enough to note that the Turkish Minister for Foreign Affairs, Mr. Erkin, in an interview granted to the Athens newspaper Eleftheria, said: 13. Les déclarations rév&atrices. m’arrêter soumises de noter que le Ministre M. Erkin, athbnien Eleftheria, “The radical solution, that would end once and for a11 the Greek-Turkish dispute and re-establish friendship between the two countries on firm and unshakable foundations, would be to cede one part of Cyprus to Greece and the other, closest to the Turkish Asiatic toast to Turkey. However, since Athens rejeots this solution outright, Turkey’s officia1 policy is the establishment of a confederation, with a Turkish canton and a Greek canton.” nitif des deux pays sur lables serait la cession Gr&ue et de l’autre côtes turques puisque Athanes rejette la politique d’une conf&d&ation, grec. n Il pr&isait la d8fense toutes veraient tic specified that, with the exception of foreign affairs, defence and federal economic affairs, a11 government activities would fa11 exclusively within the jurisdiction Of the cantonal authorities. 14. According to certain indications, it seems that the Turkish solution would even give the unheard-of right of concluding bilateral international agreements t0 the two cantons. Mr. Erkin added that he did not think the United Nations could find a solution to the problem, and for good reason, 14. D’apri%s certains porterait de conclure nationaux bilatéraux. pas que les Nations Unies pourraient tion du probl&me, et pour cause, 16. It is indeed impossible not to draw a parallel between these pessimistic statements about the United Nations and the deplorable demonstrations byTurkish &priots against theperson of the General commanding the United Nations Force. 15. On ne peut d’ailleurs parallèle des Nations des Turcs commandant 16. Pour 7 mars, du Conseil ses Ministre d’intervenir est réservé, 16. With regard to the threat of invasion on ‘7 Maroh, barely three days after the Council resolution hadunequivocally reminded Turkey of its obligations under the Charter, the Deputy Prime Minister declared: “The right of Turkey to intervene in Cyprus under the Treaty of Alliance is reserved, and Turkey has the means of intervening.” 17. A few days later, on 12 March, the Turkish Minister for Fore@ Affairs in an ultimatum addressed to the Government of Cyprus, enumerated the measures which he considered that Government should take, and concluded with these words: 17. Quelques des affaires matum avoir nement devait prendre, 19. However, even this second Council resolution [S/5603]4/ did not succeed in ending the continuous movement of Turkish forces in the vicinity of Cyprus. A new threat of attack arose in April. This was subsequently confirmed by the Turkish Minister of Information in an interview granted to the Athens newspaper Acropolis. He revealed that Turkey had three times decided to intervene: once after 21 December last; the second time, between 4 March and 13 March before UNFICYP would be established; and the third time, when the Turkish contingent had refused to return to its barracks. The Turkish contingent, in violation of the Treaty of Alliance, continues tomaintain its strategic position on the Nicosia-Kyrenia line, near which a landing-strip has been secretly built. AI1 the requests of President Makarios and a11 the efforts of the Secretary-General have been in vain, “Here we are, and here we stayl’, is Ankara’9 reply. 20. This is a flagrant violation of the sovereignty of a State Member of the United Nations, It is a situation which, no country, no Government would tolerate within its borders, 21. In his statement of yesterday [1136th meeting], the representative of Turkey attempted to ehallenge a certain point made in the report by the Secretary- General, which states that: “The Greek Armynational contingent remains in its barracks on the outskirts of Nicosia,” [S/5764, para. 115.1 The Turkish representative mentioned various places where, according to his information, the bulk of the Greek contingent was deployed. 1 have been instrcoted by my Government to confirm the findings of the Secretary-General’s report, The Greek contingent remains in its barracks; and, in order that there shall be no doubt whatsoever in the minds of Council members, we urgently request the Secretary-General to ask the Commander of the United Nations Force to make a further investigation, if he deems it necessary. 22. 1 am also authorized to confirni another point in the report, which states: “The Greek Army contingent would readily place itself under United Nations command , . . and possibly withdraw from the island if a similar arrangement could be made with the Turkish Army contingent.” [m., para. 116.1 We are, in fact, ready to take these measures in order to co-operate with the United Nations in its task in Cyprus, which is seriously obstructed by the attitude of the Turkish Army contingent. 23. We are still under the’influence of the critical days at the beginning of this month, when it was pos- 4/ Ibid., Nineteenth Year, Supplement for January. Fehruary and March 1964. 24. Although the landing itself was prevented, thanks to the energetic intervention of the United States, the threat was very real and the over-a11 situation was affected by the deplorable consequences described in the Secretary-General’s report. There is not the slightest doubt that this thrcat in itself constitutes a fIagrant violation of the resolutions of 4 March and 13 March, which were adopted bytheCouncilfollowing an appeal by the Republic of Cyprus in the face of similar action by Turkey; for these two resolutions explicitly called upon Member States to refrain not only “from any action” but also from any “threat of action likely to worsen the situation in the sovereign Republic of Cyprus, or to endanger international peace” . 24. & l’intervention reste a produit decrits fait menace constitue lution du 4 mars adopt6es République de Chypre en présence analogue. explicitement seulement menace d’action qui risquerait dans mettre 25. The representative of Turkey, who doubtless takes the view that attack is the best form of defence, told us yesterday that the existence and assertion of Turkey’s right to intervene militarily in Cyprès was ‘helpful to the Wnited Nations in its task. 25. doute de l’opinion que l’offensive constitue lameilleure defense, nous a dit hier que l’existence et l’affirmation du prétendu tairement leur tâche, 26, On this point we share the opinion of the Execu- Mvo Head of this Organization, who is in a position to know, better than anyone else, what cari be of help or hindrance to the United Nations in its peace-keeping task, In his report the Secretary-General states as follows: 26. cutif savoir, qui peut entraver Unies, Dans son rapport, “The recurrent threats of a landing of Turkish military forces in Cyprus impede the efforts of the United Nations to restore normal conditions and to prevent fighting in the island of Cyprus. Such threats serve as well to make the T&kish Cypriot leadership less amenable to the acceptance of arrangements designed to contribute to a return to normality in the island. The most recent threat of this kind, which occurred only a week or SO ago, touched off considerable excitement both within and outside of Cyprus. Such actions are certainly not consistent with the appeal made to a11 Member States by the Security Council in paragraph 1 of its resolution of 4 March.” [Ibid., para. 119.1 27. un long réquisitoire le Gouvernement sivement & Chypre Unies, le Ministre 2’7. Yesterday the representative of Turkey made a long speech in which he inveighed against President Makarios and the Government of Cyprus and placed upon their shoulders the r’esponsibility for everything which had happened in Cyprus since the arriva1 of the United Nations Force, On this point, the Minister for Fore@ Affairs of Cyprus has already given his reply. 28. int&essera la pr&ence efforts la situation que cré8e avant l’adoption de la résolution 28. But what is likely to interest the Council more than any recrimination is the fact that, despite the presence ‘of the international Force and the untiring efforts of the Executive Head of our Organization, the situation created by the plan for concerted Turkish aCtiOn remains fundamentally the same as it was before the adoption of the resolution of 4 March, 29. une barricade sitions Les positions turcs 29. On the Turkish Cypriot side, not one fortification, net one barricade has been dismantled, despite the reiterated proposals of the United Nations represen- ,tatives. The strategic positions occupied by the Turkish Cypriots are still beingheld: politically, their 31, 1 should like to quote the following words from a recent statement made by Secretary of State Dean Rusk in a different context: “There is a simple prescription for peaoe: leave your neighbours alone.” 32, The Greek Government has clone everything in its power to prevent this crisis from spreadingbeyond the confines of Cyprus and becoming a confrontation between Greece and Turkey. Nevertheless, there has been an organized expedition against Greece, its nationals and its interests, simply because Greece has given Cyprus its moral support and put its trust in the United Nations and the principles of the Charter. 33. Greek air space has been constantly violated by Turkish military aircraft, From the beginning of the year up to 4 March there were nineteen violations; since t’en there have been ten more, themost serious of which occurred as recently as 11 June. Turkey has unilaterally extended the limit of its territorialwaters and established beyond that a six-mile fishing limit; Turkey has unilaterally suspended the agreementwith Greece ooncerning the abolition of visas; and finally, Turkey has denounced the 1930 Convention of Establishment, Commerce and Navigation between Greece and Turkey prior to ordering a whole series of expulsions. 34. The Turkish Government, which sets such great store by the interests of the minority in Cyprus that it is satisfied with nothing less than the subjection of the majority of the population by the tyranny of the minority, has itself unleashed its fury against innocent persons living in Istanbul and against the venerated institution of the Orthodox Patriarchate. 35. The response of Gxeece to these aotivities by Turkey was given by Mr. Costopoulos, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, when he said in Parliament on 24 April: “The Greek Government Will not follow a policy of retaliation. Greece has a long humanitarian and civilizing tradition, and Will not lower itself to the use of human beings as instruments of its foreign policy. Our Turkish citizens in Thrace cari remain perfectly calm; they Will be protected by the laws of the land. That is our reply to the measures taken against the Greeks of Istanbul.” 36. 1 have no wish, by dwelling on these measures, to digress from the subject which the Council is discussing today. For the time being 1 shall merely 37. The reasons for such inconsistency are not difficult to find. They were revealed by the Turkish Minister for Foreign Affairs himself, during a recent interview with an Athens newspaper. These reasons and motives have little to do with the Turkish minority in C@rus; they are political, and a11 too reminisoent of the days of the Ottoman Empire, 37. 11 n’est couvrir Le Ministre a lui-même accordée ces raisons minorité pellent de trop près l’are de l’Empire 38. Moreoves, nothing in the living conditions of the Turkish minority since the date of independence cari justify the crisis with which we are now faced. It is important to note that during this first period of independence, no complaint-1 repeat, no complaint-has ever been made regarding the living conditions of the minority or its complete freedom in every field of professional, cultural, and religious activity. Throughout this period, no single case of ill-treatment or injustice towards a member of the minority has been reported. 38. minorit8 crise que, durant aucune plainte formulée et son entière de son activitg professionnelle, Aucun cas de mauvais traitements auraient signalé pendant toute cette periode. 39. The only black spot, the only source oftrouble in Cyprus, has been the attitude of certain leadersin the minority, who-by insisting on partition have created a division in the municipalities in Cyprus, and the creation of two separate armies and, what is worse, by impeding the functioning of the State through abuse of the right of veto-have brought about the present crisis. 39. Le seul point noir, la seule source de troubles Chypre minorit& qu’au point de partager pour cr8er en bloquant par l’abus du droit de veto le fonotionnement de l’Eta& ils ont provoqué la crise actuelle. 40. 1 could offer no more responsible or authentic testimony than this quotation from a letter written by Mr. Emin Dirvana-a colleague of the representative of Turkey, and the first Turkish Ambassador to Cyprus after independence. In that letter, published on 15 May in the Istanbul newspaper Millyet, Mr, Dirvana said: 46. et plus authentique qu’en citant unpassaged’unelettre de M. Emin Dirvana, de la Turquie Turquie lettre, Millyet, “During the years in which I was Ambassador to Cyprus, the Turks suffered no discrimination.~~ Accusing the Turkish Cypriot leader Rauf Denktas of being interested only in stirring up disputes with the Greeks instead of concerning himself with thewelfare of his community, Mr, Dirvana said: Accusant ne s’intéresser Grecs nauté, M. Dirvana “1 very soon realized that, given the mentality of Denktas, no progress for the Turkish community was possible; this community would have been in a very different position today if it had had a leader other than Denktas.ll Quoting an example of the tactics of Mr. Denktas, Mr. Dirvana wrote: Et, citant un exemple des tactiques M. Dirvana “On 7 June 1958, a bombwasplaced in the Turkish Information Office at Nicosia by persons who, according to subsequent findings, were not connected with the Greek Cypriots. The Turks of Niccsiawere then seized with so-called pious indignation and provoked incidents similar to those which had taken place at Istanbul on 6 and 7 September 1955. On that June day, not one Turk was killed at Nicosia. Pet Denktas wanted to celebrate this anniversary which for us should have been an occasion for regret.” w Ibid., Nineteenth Year, Supplement for April, May and June 1964. m- 43. The only cases of dismemberment known to history have followed in the wake of imperialist aggression, which in thename of international morality continues to be condemned. Today it is not only morality, but the United Nations itself which has delivered its opinion on the subject. The historic document of the Declaration on the granting of independence to 2olonial countries and peoples adopted by General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) expressly states in its paragraph 6: “Any attempt aimed at the partial or total disruption of the national unity and the territorialintegrity of a country is incompatible with the puvposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations.” The United Nations proved its attachment to these principles by undertaking the operation which saved the Congo from the threat of disintegration and secession, The message is clear. It is only Turkey that cannot perceive it. 44. 1 would not close this statementwithout repeating to the Council the assurance that the Greek Government Will continue to give its full support to the peacekeeping and mediation efforts of the United Nations, in which Greece placesits full trust. 45. The Greek Government deplores the fa& that no progress has SO far been made towards a political solution of the problem. We are oonvinced that once such a solution begins to emerge-even if only in outline form-Cyprus Will regain the peace and calm which, as much as any other country, it deserves. 46. If we are to arrive at such a result, if we are justifiably to aspire to it, only one oourse lies open: we must first remove a11 outside threats and tackle the problem in the clear light of the prinoiples which the wisdom and sacrifice of a thousand generations have bequeathed to us-in a Word, the principles of our Charter. 47. Apart from the natural and moral rightof Cyprus to enjoy unoonditional independence and to determine its future in freedom, there is only one other problem remaining to be solved-that of ensuring the protection of generally recognized rights for the minority, while at the same time ending an abnormal situation which has enabled it to paralyse the normal functioning of the machinery of State. 48. If we are to achieve a settlement based on these principles, which are generally recognized and applied everywhere in the wor’ld, we need courageous initiatives and perseverancefree from the adverse influence 49, Mr. KYPRIANOU (Cyprus): It was not my intention to take the floor SO soon after my long speech yesterday, but 1 do SO in an effortto keep the Security Cout~il up to date with the developments concerning the situation in Cyprus. 49. Je n’avais parole fais, rité Chypre. 50, A table which I have received today makes it indeecl pertinent for me to refer again, to one of the subjects which 1 touched upon yesterday in the course of my speech. 1 said: 50. m’oblige dans mon intervention “The Turkish leaders have tried to conceal the fact that Greeks have been abducted, and probably murdered, by the Turks. On the other hand, Turkish propaganda has tried to fabricate an exaggersted picture of Turks being abducted by the Greeks. In this effort long lists of missing persons have been prepared and handed over the Red Cross by the Turkish leaders. But a great number of the persons who were listed by the Turkish leadership as missing, have been found in their homes, well and safe.” [1136th meeting, para. 190.1 51. Also in my speech yesterday 1 enumerated various examples of Turks who had been declared missing and were inclucled on the lists presented to the Red Cross by the Turkish leaders, but who were found well nnd safe in their homes, not having been abducted by any- .one. 1 said: 51. Dans mon intervention plusieurs disparus Croix-Rouge découverts jamais propos: “It is difficult to say how many more of those on the missing persons list cari be found either in their homes or in other places, simply hidingthemselves according to the instructions from their leaders SO that the story of hostages may continue to be a subject of propaganda.” [Ibid., para. 193.1 52, The table which 1 have received today reads as follows: 52. ce qui suit: “The International Red Cross has traced three more Turks appearing on the missing list. These are Erol Hassan, Hasan Dohnili, Nerzat Houssein, safe in their homes.tl 53. redevient extraits nique, l’air provenance turcs ?i nouveau tin passage de cette lettre: 53. .On another subject, a point which 1 mentioned yesterday is again quite relevant and 1 wish the Council tp be reminded of it. 1 quoted various passages from a letter which was discovered on a British officer, Senior Aircraftsman Keith Marley, who was transporting arms from the village of Mansoura to the Turkish terrorists in the area of Nicosia. In that letter there was a passage which 1 should like to quote again: “The tirne has corne for the villages of the big herd (Greeks), . . . to be liquidated in a moment . , ,. Z’or this reason we and the bees (thebees are the trained irregulars from Turkey), have been waiting impatiently.” [w., para. 164.1 It seems that their patience has been exhausted although 1 personally do not know the reason. Indeed, from that area of Mansoura an attack was launched yesterday against Greek villages. 1 quote from a com- Leur sache attaque a étB lancée hier contre des villages partir 55. 1 know that a11 the other aspects of the Cyprus situation are quite relevant and very serious and that the Security Council must deal with them. 1 know that the question of peace-keeping within Cyprus, the question of hostages, the question of terrorism by Turks against the Turkish population of Cyprus, the question of the return of normal conditions, the question of freedom of movement within Cyprus-a11 are relevant and important and the United Nations must deal with them in an effective way. But again 1 request and appeal to the Council not to lose sight of the essence of the situation, not to forget the gist of the problem, not to ignore the real background of thewhole matter, which is that Turkey is still preparing and planning an invasion of Cyprus. It was perhaps for this reason that yesterday the Turkish representative reasserted the right of Turkey to intervene, whereas his colleague, on a previous occasion in the Security Council, twice avoided replying to my question whether Turkey really possesses such a right. 56. In my estimation, it is most essentialthat, before the Security Council takes any action or endorses any resolution, it must have a clear answer from the Turkish representative and the assurance that Turkey is not preparing an invasion of Cyprus. 1 must insist on an answer because this is the whole issue. If Turkey is not preparing an invasion, let the Turkish representative say SO. I think this is fair anc! that the Security Council should receive an answer, because if Turkey is planning an invasion of Cyprus, Turkey not only is contravening the resolutions of thesecurity Council of 4 and 13 March-which specifically cal1 upon Member States to refrain from any action or threat of action-but, it is paying lip service to the United Nations and the principlos of the Charter, by saying that the cornerstone of Turkish fore@ policy is the United Nations, while at the same time it is contravening the Charter, ignoring the resolutions and ignoring the Security Council. 5’7. It is for this reason that 1 feel it my duty to insist on an answer from the Turkish representative. We want an undertaking from Turkey before the Security Council that it is not planning to continue to ignore the resolutions of the Security Council,

On behalf of the delegations of Bolivia, Ivory Coast, Morocco, Norway and of Brazil, 1 have the honour to introduce the draft resolution [S/5776] concerning the question on our agenda. With your permission, Mr. President, 1 would like to read its text at this time. 60. As the Counoil is wull aware, its resolution of 4 March 1964, under which the United Nations Force was created and the Mediator appointed, was the result of a very lengthy process of negotiations and reflects a delicate balance, This is the reason why the co-sponsors of the draft now submitted to the Council have considered it advisable simply to reaffirm the previous resolutions of the Council without trying to single out any specific issue in the complex question we have before us. 60. Les membres la résolution Force désigné, nggcciatioas Aussi au Conseil firmer chercher l’affaire 61. We have listened with the utmost attention to the statements made by the Foreign Minister of Cyprus and by the representatives of Turkey and Greece. We are convinced that the long-term solution of theproblems now confronting Cyprus has to be achieved through continued efforts towards apeaceful and agreed settlement among the interested parties. The immediate task of the United Nations is to assure conditions of relative stability in the area SO that a final and lasting solution may emerge. 61. les déclarations &rang&res Grèce seuls rEglement ressges aux problèmes l’imm&diat, rer mettre

The Council has before it a report by the Secretary-General on the United Nations operation in Cyprus for the period 26 April to 8 June. We have also heard statements from the representatives of Cyprus, of Turkey and of Greece. Finally, we have now before us a five-Power draft resolution whioh would, if adopted by the Council, authorize the renewal of the United Nations operation for a period of three months beyond 27 June when, as we know, the original period specified in the resolution of 4 March in paragraph 6 cornes to an end. We are grateful to the five delegations concerned for their action in submitting this draft resolution at the present time. 62. l’anglais]: port du SecrBtaire Unies 8 juin, Nous avons Egalement entendu les declarations faites et de la Grèce. Enfin, nous sommes maintenant saisis d’un projet de &olution et qui, s’il l’opération mois vous fixée aux termes du paragraphe 4 mars, gations stade de notre débat. 63. trss aidera quelles sont les mesures qu’exige la situation actuelle. On peut considérer oomme rassurants 63. The Secretary-General’s report is acomprehensive, informative and carefully constructed document which forms a good basis upon which the Security Council cari judge what action is now appropriate to the situation. Certain passages of the report cari be regarded as reassuring or encouraging. 64. Nations mandat knergie dement compétent du général F. S. Gyani. 64, For example, it is clear that the United Nations Force, within the limitations imposed upon it by its terms of reference, has carried out its assignment with exemplary energy and ski11 under the able command of General P. S. Gyani. 65. informer, des principaux Unies, combats, 65. The Secretary-General has been able to report in paragraph 110 of the document before us that one of the major objectives of the United Nations operation, namely, to prevent a recurrence of fighting, is being accomplished. 66. au renseignement don& au paragraphe 31 du rapport. 66, My delegation has taken particular note ol the information given in paragraph 31 of the report. It 68. Unfortunately, these comparatively enCOUraging passages in the report are outweighed by the sombre and disturbing account of the tensions between the two communities in the Republic. The Seoretary- General reports that tensions have net substantially lessened and that both sides have taken advantage of the lu11 in the fighting to strengthen their military positions and to improve their ability to undertake military operations in the future, Thus, in perhaps the most important r,espect of all, namely, the relations between the two communities, no progress cari yet be recorded. It is unfortunately clear from what the Council has already heard from the representatives of Cyprus and Turkey that the Council is not entitled to any optimism on this score. Having listened to these statoments-and 1 also have in mind the statement Of the representative of Greece which we heard this morning-the Council is bound to continue to regard the whole situation with great concern. 69. It is also a matter of considerable concernto my Government to read the evidence of the arms build-up in Cyprus which the Secretary-General, in paragraph 120 of his report, describes as “the decisive factor in determining the ability of the United Nations effort in Cyprus to succeedl’ . 70. Whatever may be the motives which govern the actions of Governments and communities in this matter, my Government believes that the arms build-up is in itself tending seriously to worsen the situation. We believe, therefore, that Member States and a11 others concerned should cesse taking action of this kind which must surely be inconsistent with bath the spirit and the letter of paragraph 1 .of our resolution of 4 March. It cannot be right that forces serving under the United Nations should be put in greater peril owing to an 8rms build-up brought about by the action of Member Governmonts. 71. In this connexion 1 wish to refer also to the introduction of conscription. My Government shares the evident doubts of the Secretary-General as to the consistency of this action ,with the intention expressed in paragraph 1 of the Councills resolution of 4 Maroh. 1 should add that my Government also deplores any actions considered contrary to the Constitution, 72. My Government notes with very grave concern the incidents which have taken place anclwhich are referred to in paragraph 117 of thesecretary-General’s report-incidents which have involved abduction, the taking of hostages, and murder. It is incleed reprehensible that such actions should have taken placeand should apparently be beyond the control of governmental authority. Only a day or two ago the United Nations Command in Cyprus had to issue amost serious 73, Looking at the situation as a whole, in the light of the report and of the statements which we have heard, the conclusion seems to us to be inescapable, even if it cari only be, as it were, the interim conclusion. It is that the mandate of the United Nations Force should be renewed for a period ofthree months as recommended by the Secretary-General in paragraph 122 of his report. 73. de la situation rations s’impose sion provisoire, de la Force des Nations Unies doit êtreprolongk une durée de trois le recommande 74, As the Secretary-General points out-and we entirely agree with him-it is more than likely that the withdrawal of the Force on 27 June would lead to an early resumption of fighting which might well develop into heavy conflict. The view of my Government is, therefore, that the mandate of the Force should be renewed by this Council. 74, Ainsi nous partageons probable nerait risquerait gouvernement longer le mandat de la Force des Nations Unies, 75, Of course, we recognize that this in itself provides no solution but only a provision of further time. During this time we should a11 hopefor, and we should work towards, an improvement in the climate SO that the United Nations Mediator may be in a better position to promote a peaceful solution. 75, constituer de gagner du temps, Nous devrons tous mettre à profit ce r8pit ainsi d’une solution pacifique, 76. 1 take this opportunity to express my Government’s appreciation of the Mediator’s efforts SO far, and satisfaction that he is continuing his attempt to find some solution which Will be acceptable to a11 parties. In these efforts he cari Count on the support and assistance of my Government and, 1 am sure, of a11 Governments represented here, 76. gouvernement a déployés pour toutes tache, il peut compter mon gouvernement les gouvernements 77. Une dernière dont nous sommes saisis revêtun oaractere d’urgence. Si le Conseil du Sec?$taire lution prbsenté Br&il, vke, tarder, et à tous oeux qui ont à fournir s’occuper l’operation et juridique execution de la résolution. 77. One further point. There is, as 1 understand it, a certain urgency in the matter before us, If the Council decides to accept the advice of thesecretary- General and to approve the draft resolutionsponsored by the representatives of Bolivia, Brazil, Ivory Coast, Morocco and Norway, then it would be highlydesirable for the Council to act quickly. If we do SO, we shall then enable the Secretary-General and others concerned with the provision of contingents and the arrangements for financing, to take the necessary practical and legal steps to carry out the resolution. 78. aujourd’hui esp&re que ce sera possible, 78, It would, 1 believe, be convenient if we were able to vote in the course of today, and my delegation, for its part, hopes that this Will be possible. 79. sur ma liste. séance cet apr&s-midi

1 have no more speakers on my list. 1 think we could meet again this afternoon. If no one else wishes to speak on the item under discussion or on the draft resolution, we could perhaps vote on the draft this afternoon. prendre projet, cet aprés-midi 80. listes soviétique la parole cussion.

The Soviet delegation would like to reserve the right to speak this afternoon on the matter under discussion. 81. avoir continuerait.

I said Chat we could meet this afternoon and that the debate would continue, 1 therefore think that the Litho in U.N. Price $U.S 0.35 (or equivalenc