S/PV.1161 Security Council

The Security Council Will now take up its examination of the items just inscribed in its agenda, namely, the applications of Malta and Zambia for membership in the United Nations. 2. Malta’s application was submitted by the Prime Minister of Malta on 29 September, and was accompanied by a declaration of Malta’s acceptance of the obligations contained in the Charter, These documents have been circulated to the Council under the symbol S/SOOC& In this connexion, the Council also has before it a draft resolution [S/6028] 21 sponsored by the delegations of Morocco, Norway and the United Kingdom concerning the application of Malta. 3. Zambia’s application was submitted by the President of the Republic of Zambia on 26 Ootober and was accompanied by a declaration by the President of 1/ Sec Officia1 Retards of the Security Council, Nineteenth Year, Supplemeru for July, August and September 1964. y Ibid;, Supplement for October, November and December 1964. MO~OCCO and the United Kingdom concernmg the application of Zambia. -- 4, As representative of theUNITEDKINGDOM, which was the administering Power for botb Malta and Zambia, and which is one of the SponSors, with the delegations of Morocoo and NoTway, and of the Ivory Coast and Morocco, respectively, of the draft resolutions to whioh 1 have just referred, 1 hope 1 shall be excused for departing once again, and 1 trust for the last time, from our usual custom by opening the debate myself. 5, I shall in my statement refer to bath applications pending before the Council on the understanding, of course, that the two draft reSOlutions Will be put to the vote separately. Natnrally it is OPen to any delegation represented here to treat these applications separately if they SO desire. 6, Malta and Zambia can be contrasted in a number of respects to illustrate theuniversality and the diversity that has becorne such a feature of membership of the United Nations, Malta iS one of the smallest nations in the world. It has an area of 122 square miles and has a population of less than one-third of a million. Zambia, on the other hand, is a vast country. Nearly 300,000 square miles in extent, it exceeds the area of France, the Netherlands, Belgium and Switzerland combined. Its population of about 3,500,OOO people is, however, comparatively small in relation ta this enormous land area. Malta is an island lapped by one of the most important sea routes of the world. Zambia is a land-locked State having common borders withno less than eight other countries. Malta suffers from a scarcity of natural resources. Zambia is richly endowed. ‘7. May 1 now speak first about Malta. My country’s links with Malta date from the beginning of the nineteenth Century. In 1802 its people petitioned to corne under British sovereignty and this relationship received international confirmation in the Treaty of Paris of 1814. 8. Since then the island has played an important part in the maintenance and defence of my country’s trading links with the East. In the Second World War Malta proved SO vital to allied strategy that it earned the title of “the most bombed spot” in the war. The valeur and indomitable spirit of the Maltese people was recognized and honoured in 1942, when my country’s highest civilian decoration, the George Cross, was awarded to a11 the people-the fisst and only collective award ever made. 9. After the war, the future constitutional relationship behveen my country and Maltabecame the subject of continuous examination, and a numbes of prOpOSals, including one for integration, were considered in an attempt to find lasting oonstitutional arrangements SatiSfaCtOrY to the people of Malta and of my country. Eventually it was deoided that Malta should become an independent sovereign State, and on 21 July of this year the British Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations and for the Colonies announced that he had 10. 1 should add, however, that our sharedexperience in peace and war over nearly two centuries and the sacrifices which the Maltese people have made for the ideals that our two countries hold incommon have secured for Malta a special and enduring place in the affections of the Britishpeople that survives the severing of the forma1 constitutional links which once bound us together. 11. As 1 mentioned, Malta is a small, heavily populated Island lacking in natural resources. Less than 50 per cent of its landcan becultivated. Yet its people enjoy one of the highest standards of living in the Mediterranean area. That standard of living has in the past largely been supported by invisible earnings derived from the use by my country of defence facilities in the island. For the future, therefore, the Maltese Government faces a difficult problem of adjustment in providing alternative sources of employment and income to sustsin the prosperity of its people and to provide a sound economic future for them. My country recognizes and lias accepted its responsibility to help in that regard, and in working out the arrangements for independence agreement was reached on the provision of continued British economic assistance, 11. trés Plus de la moiti6 des terres Et pourtant, niveaux ce niveau de vie était dU largement sibles pays maintenait le Gouvernement probl&me ver d’autres tenir une économie l’aider de lYnd&endance, continuerait 12, The Mnltese Government had, before independence, undertaken measures to diversîfy the economy through the promotion of industry and tourism. In 1959 it embarked upon a five-year development plan, which succeeded in raising the gross national product of the island and in attracting a wide range of new industries. A second five-year plan was launched in April of this year and Will involve expenditure on water supply, portdevelopment, electrification, industria1 development, tourism, agriculture, fisheries, and higher and technical education. That developmentplan is undertaken against the background of acommitment by the United Kingdom to provide British aid of $140 million over a ten-year periodfromApri1 of this year, 12. dance, d&eloppant lance permis et d’y attirer Un deuxiéme dernier, eau, le d6veloppement l’&ectrification, risme, nique et sup&ieur. sur l’engagement une aide de 140 millions compter 13. In the industrial field Malta has a major asset in its ample supply of well-trained, hard-working, adaptable labour, which has already proved a strong inducement for foreign capital. That asset cari be expected to work to Malta’s advantage in the future as well. 13. majeur: leurs a déja valu un apport consid6rable gers. dans l’avenir. 14. Malta has embarked upon independence with long experience of. conducting its own affairs. It has completed one development plan and launched another with substantial assistance from abroad. It has faced its economic problems with detesmination in order to ensure for its people a better standard of life in larger freedom, It possesses a well-established structure of administration and government andenjoys a high standard of educational and social services. 14. depuis longtemps & bien un plan de d6veloppement mencer l’etranger. probl&mes lation un niveau de vie plus alevé et plus de liber%. Elle passade une structure nementale services 15. Malta is the sole remnant of the land bridges that once linked Europe and Africa when the Mediterranean was only a cluster of fresh-water lakes. It is therefore particularly fitting that it should have as co-sponsors for its application for membership a European country, Norway, and an African neighbour, 15. liaient ranée nIetait donc tout a fait normal soit Norvbge, 17, In 1924 the United Kingdom Government took over the administration of the country from the chartered company. Subsequent political advance then followed the pattern common to most British dependencies. After the dissolution of the Central African Federation, at the end of 1963, interna1 self-government was introduced in Zambia at the beginning of 1964. An independence conference followed, in May 1964, at which it was decided that the country should become independent on 24 October of this year-the anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. 18. In one respect Zambia has departed from the usual constitutional arrangements which have been adopted by former British territories on their accession to independence. It has a Constitution which is unique in Commonwenlth history in that it provides from the start for a repuhlican form of governmenf with strong independent executive powers for the President as Head of State. Mr. Kenneth Kaunda, one of the outstanding statesmen of Africa, who has been the moving spirit in his country’s march to independence, is the first man to fil1 that post. 19. One of the most significant events in Zambia’s history was the discovery in the first decade of thés Century of major deposits of copper and associated minerais, I;he mining of which has become one of the main sources of employment for Africans and Europeans, the largest supplier of government revenue and the greatest single earner of foreign exchange, The exploitation of those deposits has given Zamhials eccnolny strength and resilience and bas provided finzUm for other economic development and for the Provision of social and educational services. 20. Nevertheless, despite that major economic asset, formidable tasks remain to face the Governmenl: of Zambia in ensuring for a11 its people the standard of living to which they aspire, The Government of Zambia is tackling with great determination the need to increase agricultural productivity and to diversify an economy which is at present dependenton theproducts of its mines and at the mercyofworld prices. Zambia is fortunate that it cari rely on revenues from copper, which are at present buoyant, to give it a flying start in dealing with those problems, 21. Zambia is the ninth of the African territories formerly under my country’s administration to have emerged as an independent sovereign State, It enjoys democratic institutions and is led by a man whose distinction is recognized far beyond the borders of his own country. It possesses unique economic assets. Its fellow African States on this Council, the Ivory Coast and Morocco, have joined my delegation in endorsing Zambia’s qualifications to undertake the 23. collegues pas si, Maroc, sont pr&sentees, sentiments la delegation sir pour définitivement du Royaume-Uni Unies, 24. Nous avons eu l’honneur cette haute personnalit8 annees oh sir Patrick senté son grand pays aux Nations gation hauteur sens profond problèmes

1 am sure that my colleagues on the Security Council Will not mind if, before stating Morocco’s position concerning the requests for admission which have been submitted to us, 1 take this occasion to cal1 to mind the warm friendship of the Moroccan delegation and myself for Sir Patriok Dean, President of the Security Council for the month of October, who is now preparing to leave his post as Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the UnitedNations. 24. We have had the honour and pleasure of knowing this great man from the United Kingdom during the years which Sir Patrick Dean has SO brilliantly represented his great country in the United Nations; and the Moroccan delegation, in particular, has been able to recognize the loftiness of views, theobjectivity, and quite often, the fine sense of humour with whioh he has dealt with the matters we have discussed in the Security Council. 25. moi-meme sentirons personnalitI3 llamitie a notre Egard. Ma delégation Dean un suc& qu’il obtenu servi son pays aux Nations 25. May 1 say on this occasion, on behalf of my delegation and myself, how much we shall miss such an eminent personality; we shall always remember the warm friendship he has invariably shown us. My delegation wishes Sir Patrick Dean the greatest success in the duties he Will take on in the future, as great as that which he earned during the years he served bis country in the United Nations. 26. Having said this, 1 should now like to state Morocco’s position concerning the question which is the subject of this meeting’s agenda, 26. ration, actuellement séance. 27. En parrainant, Uni, sation des Nations et souverain, de l’exercice Conseil devoir. 27. By co-sponsoring with Norway and the United Kingdom MaltaIs request for admission to the United Nations as an independent and sovereign State, Morocco, besides exercising its normal function as a member of the Security Council, has pleasure in performing a very agreeable duty. 28. Malta is oneof thoseMediterraneanislandswhose name, from antiquity to the present day, has been linked to the history of many peoples who, in the course of centuries, have launched great imperial enterprises in that part of the world. Thus since the days of the Phoenicians, the island has changed hands often, passing in turn under the control of the Carthaginians, the Romans, the Arabs, the Normans, the Germans, the Spaniards and the French before being placed, some 160 years ago, under the sovereignty of Bis Britannic Majesty. 28. ranéennes dont le nom a été, depuis I’Antiquitb nos jours, lance, imperiales que, depuis l’époque sieurs le Arabes, des Normands, et des Français quelque britannique, 29. MaltaIs independence, proclaimed on 21 September of this year, thus marks the end of a very long 29. tembre 30. Morocco, as a Mediterranean oountry of Africa, hns always worked for the liberation of colonial peoples, and we cari only rejoice over this felicitoue emancipation. Morocco especially rejoices oves the fact that SUC~ an emancipation could corne about in the climate of peace and mutual understanding which my delegation has had the pleasure of noting on this occasion. 31. Our satisfaction is a11 the greater since the United Nations, owing to the efforts of the Committee on decolonization,?/ had its part in the developmenl of the process that led finally to Malta’s independence. 32. Moreover, this island is situated near the North Afrioan toast and its relations with the Maghreb have always been most cordial. Besides-and this is a striking characteristic-Malta, among a11 the Mediterranean islands, is surely the one which has best preserved the imprint of Arab culture in its language as well as in its music. That is why the Maltese have every right to the friendship whieh my country has shown them during the difficult period of their struggle for independenoe, and even more reoently at the oeremonies whioh marked their accession to independence. 33. Neither cari we forget the admirable courage and the now legendary tenacity which enhanced Malta’s reputation during the final years of the Second World War, when the Allies fought bitterly for the control of the island-a pivota1 point “par excellencen-which was SO vital to the free world. 34, In expressing the hope that there Will be a unanimous vote in favour of the draft resolution which we have the honour to suhmit, my delegation is convinced that Malta, owing to the qualities of its people and its remarkakle political maturity, Will, as a new Member State, be able to fulfil the obligations its Government has decided to assume under the Charter. My delegation is also convinced that in the United Nations the Maltese Will work in favour of peace andinternational understanding and Will unreservedly support the cause Of peoples struggling against Colonialism, racism and imperialism. 35. As an independent and sovereign State now responsible for the conduct of its own affairs and the strengthening of its national independence, Malta, as we hope, with ail our heartwill be able to face successfully any economic, political or demographic questions which may arise. The solution of these difficulties, although depending primarily on the Will of itspeople, also requires the understanding and support of a11 the friends of the new State. There is no doubt that, in this, respect, its membership of the United Nations family Will be an element of encouragement and a guarantee for its leaders. iv Speciol Committee on the Situation with regard to the ImpIeme”- tadon of che Déclaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Counrries and Peoples. 3’7. Turning now to the Republic of Zambia’s request for admission, 1 should first of a11 like to express the sense of satisfaction which my delegation feels, and which 1 personally feel, in asking the members of the Security Council, in the name of Morocco, to adopt the draft resolution which my delegation has had the honour of submitting jointly with the delegations of the Ivory Coast and the United Kingdom, favouring the admission of Zambia as a Member of the United Nations. 37. la Republique exprimer d&$gation, mandant, de S&urit8 résolution, conjointement et du Royaume-Uni, la Nations Unies. 38. The birth of this new African State, which had been a British colony since 1889 and became a Protectorate in 1924, was celebrated on 24 October 1964, after seventy-five years of colonial administration, For us Africans, the proclamation of the independence of Northern Rhodesia, which has now become the Republic of Zambia, is a historic event of great importance to the continent, 38. torat tration 1964, la naissance nous Africains, la Rhodesle constitue tance sur le plan continental. 39. The geographical situation of this new State is exceptional, for it borders on eight countries, namely Angola, the Mandated Territory of South West Africa, the Protectorate of Bechuanaland, Southern Rhodesia, Mozambique, Malawi, the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, and the Congo (Leopoldville) . The enthusiasm with which African nationalists have greeted the accession of this country to independence undoubtedly reflects the importance they attach to the symbol that this new victory of reason over colonialism and racism in that part of the African continent represents for them. 39. savoir Ouest africain, Rhod&ie blique-unie (Lbopoldville) une position siasme avec lequel les nationalistes l’accession aucun doute la valeur cette nouvelle lisme africain. 40. The Republio of Zambia, with its important mining and agricultural resources and an industrial and road infrastructure considered among the best in Africa, is often cited as an example of an African State which could be desoribed as economically viable. On the human and politioal plane, thepeople of Zambia have already been given proof of their vitality, their political maturity and above a11 of their remarkable national consciousness and their great fighting qualities. This has been generally recognized, thanks to the vigour with which they resistedcolonial domination in the various forms it assumed during recent years. As regards the leaders of Zambia, especially its Young and dynamic President of the Republic, Mr. Kenneth Kaunda, their reputation as competent, serious and clear-minded men, tsained in the ranks of Afsican nationalism has long since transcended the borders of their country and, 1 might even say, of the African continent itself. 40. importantes, routiere la RBpublique l’exemple d’economiquement politique, dom& la preuve de sa vitaRt&, de sa maturit8 et surtout ainsi lui a d’ailleurs avec laquelle niale revêtir concerne et dynamique Kaunda, rieux, africain, tibres africain. 41. In the light of this flattering picture of the political, economic and geographic situation of the country, the Moroccan delegation not only rejoices at the independence of this new sister State, but also is convinced that this State is capable, despite the urgency, the scope and the complexity of the task to be performed, of rising to its national, African and inter- 41. nomique gation marocaine, dance celui-ci et la complexite la hauteur de sa mission 42. The presence of a country like the Republic of Zambia in the United Nations oannot but be a source of satisfaction to us for it undoubtedly strengthens this great international institution, and is at the same time a living proof of an African progress consonant with the ideals of peace, freedom and justice, We are convinced that the delegation of this new country, which we welcome here Will perform useful work, and Will always be guided by the principles of the Charter. As the Government of the Republic of Zambia states, that country Will he able to fulfil the obligations it has assumed under the Charter; it Will contribute constructively to the examination of the great issues our Organization is called upon to solve in tbe interests of peace and Concord between States. 43. In dealing with the Republic of Zambia’s request for admission, and the role this country Will have to play as an independent and sovereign African State, m.y delegation cannot allow this occasion to pass without expressing the increasing concern aroused in a11 the independent African States at the tragic situation, both political and constitutional, now prevailing in Southern Rhodesis. As the African gxoup has already stated its position concerning this grave question, and considering the position taken by the Conference whieh recently took place in Cairo ,Y my delegation considers that it would be failing in its duty to the Security Council if it did not draw the attention of a11 the Council members to the exceptional gravity of the situation which would be brought about by the execution of the plan now being prepared by the Salisbury authorities. 44. My delegation is pleased to mention in this respect ‘that the African group in the United Nations, in a reoent statement; did not fail to note with interest that the United Kingdom, as the administering Power, had warned the Salisbury Government against proclaiming Southern Rhodesials independence unilaterally. We consider that a proclamation SO controversial as the one which is foreseen in the Southern Rhodesian capital is not only an act of defiance and rebellion against the United Kingdom; it is also anunprecedented provocation of the people of Southern Rhodesia itself, and of a11 the independent African States. 45. Our conviction is a11 the stronger for we bear in mind the vigour with which the people of that country, despite the methods used to oppress and intimidate them, took a stand against the anti-democratic Constitution submitted to them by the leaders ofthe white minority, 1 take the liberty also to reoall that these authorities in faot represent only an infinitesimal part of the population; and that the colonists themselves, according to information recently received 9 Second Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held from 5 to 10 October 1904. 47. In closing this part of my statement with respect to the admission of the Republic of Zambia, 1 express the hope, in the name of my delegation, that the draft resolution submitted to you Will be adopted unanimously. 47. tive j’aimerais l’espoir soumis

Mr. Presiclent, we have heard the news of your forthcoming departure and we wish to say how happy we have been to work with you.We have greatly appreciated the persona1 and friendly relations which have existed between our two delegations. Your courtesy, your profound knowledgs of the various problems arising, the tact and discretion with which you have always endeavoured to persuade your colleagues of the merits of your point of view, have been an eff eotive and decisive contribution to the work of the Security Council during the whole time that you have represented your great country here. We therefore want to assure you of our friendship and to wish you every success in your next post. 48. M. USHER dent, nous avons appris prochain BtB heureux beaucoup d’amiti.8 Votre problèmes, vous avez que nous sommes, ont a Ilœuvre rant grand pays au sein de cet organe. Aussi voulons-nous vous assurer de notre amitie coup de SUC&S dans votre nouveau poste. 49. de sécurité nimite l’admission nisation aussi court, malgr8 divisent Membres Bpreuves et les crises face auxquelles se trouve encourageant et Malte, raineté de leur cela refléte et puissances 49. It is only a few weeks ago that the Security Council . met and unanimously recommended to the General Assembly the admission of a new State, Malawi, to the United Nations, It is most gratifying and encouraging ta see that within such a short time and in spite of the international problems which still from time to time divide the various States Members of this Organization, and also in spite of the trials and crises repeatedly faced by thc United Nations, two other States, Zambia and Malta, have sought to protect their sovereignty by obtaining international recognition of their independence by the United Nations. Al1 this clearly demonstrates the vitality, the dynamism and the usefulness of the United Nations, in which the small Powers cari place their full confidence. ’ 51. This vast country, with fts courageous people, relies on a highly developed agriculture, full of promise; its sub-soi1 contains great potential minera1 resources, and the mining of copper makes thés country a reliable and solvent partner. The Government of this country, which, unlike that of its neighbour Southern Rhodesia, has known how to ensure the coexistence and even the peaceful integration of a11 its people, Black and Whfte, has demonstrated undoubted political maturity. The ski11 with which the political leaders of Zambia are managing the affairs of their country deprives the detractors of Nkomo and Sithole of any basis for their absurd ideas. Zambia therefore fulfils a11 the conditions stipulated by the Charter; it cari assert a11 its rights as a Member State and cari meet a11 the obligations which derive from that status. 52. My country is very glad to have the honour of co-sponsoring the arriva1 of a sister nation in the international family of States and we trust that the Security Council Will unanimously recommend the admission of this State, by voting in favour of the draft resolution which the Ivory Coast, in association with Morocco and the United Kingdom, has the honour to submit. 53. However, in fulfilling this pleasant duty, the Council Will not lose sight of the threat which hangs over this courageous and peaceful country. It has as its neighbours Mozambique, where a war of liberation is in progress; the racists of South Africa, who utter their scarcely veiled threats; and the henchmen ofthe latter in Southern Rhodesia, with their masquerade of consultation, who are at this very momentperforming the dance of death in their rump Parliament. My delegation is convinced that at the right time the Council Will know how to take the decisionsnecessary to bring back to their senses those irresponsiblepersons who, by their uncivilized polices of segregation and in contravention of the rules of international courtesy, offended the dignity of the illustrious guests of the Republic of Zambia. 54. Peace and prosperity to the people of Zambia! 55. Despite the difficulties which the future mayhold for the Council, 1 am one of those who consider that these are indeed happy occasions when we have the opportunity of putting irzto practice the principle of the universality of the United Nations by recommending, in the oourse of the same meeting, the admission of a second State, namely Malta. 56. This Mediterranean country, rich in an old civilization, open for a very long period to the influences of culture and the knowledge of the humanities, was an important, vital centre during the course of the last war. As such, it helpedin the re-establishment of peace, which entitles it to contribute to the strengthening and the realization of the purposes and principles of the United Nations. 58. 1 should not like to conclude without congratulating 58. Je ne voudrais pas terminer also the administering Power which has guided these ment two countries smoothly towards independence. There ces deux pays sans heurt B l’indépendance. is no doubt that it was able to do SO only because it aucun doute que cela ne lui a 4% possible que parce had made sure that the authorities to whom it was to qu’elle transfer the instruments of international sovereignty autorités were in fact representative. My country is certain ments de la souveraineté internationale. that the United Kingdom, a country possessing an old certain and powerful democratic tradition, Will know how to sante tradition impart to a11 the peoples for whom it still has respontous les peuples dont il assume encore la responsibility the benefit of that tradition, andwillendeavour sabilite to prevent them from undertaking courses leading to chant de s’acheminer racial discrimination, The Fathers at Ecumenical dont les Peres Council Vatican II have asked that suchdiscrimination Vatican be condemned as ‘la contempt of God and an outrage “une provocation to the dignity of Man”, and expressed the view that dignité the life of the inhabitants of certain countries who dans certains pays par les habitants qui ne jouissent still do not enjoy civic rights is one of barely dispas encore des droits guised slavery. guis6e d’esclavage, 59. Mr. NIELSEN (Norway): First, 1 should like to express the sadness of a11 the members of the Norwegian delegation, and particularly of myself, at the faot that you, Ms. President, are about to relinquish vour nost as Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom to the United Nations. 59. M. NIELSEN Permettez-moi d’exprimer bres de la delégation tout particuliérement, sur le point de quitter votre poste de repr&sentant permanent des Nations Unies. 60. Relations between your great country, the United Kingdom, and Norway caver a very wide field. 1 think that the basis for those relations canbe summed up in these simple words: the respect which the people of the United Kingdom and the people of Norway have for each other. 1 shall not go into a11 the elements which together form the relationship between our two countries. 1 think, however, Chat it would be in order for me to dwell for a moment on one of the important fields in which our co-operation finds a practical outlet. 1 refer to our co-operation in this very Organization, the United Nations. 60. Les Royaume-Uni, vaste, mais en ces simples tannique et le peuple norv&gien Bprouvent l’autre. Bléments deux pays. Je me permettrai de reflexion notre coopération de notre collaboration des Nations Unies, 61. Par la façon dont vous vous Ates acquitte votre tache trés importante nent du Royaume-Uni, nos deux pays a mieux se comprendre rer encore leurs liens d’amiti& par votre patience, par la pr6cision votre pays, vous avez joue un rôle dans la croissance de l’Organisation 61. There cari be no doubt that the way in which yoU have conducted your very important task as Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom has contributed to an even better understanding and even closer relations behveen our two countries. 1 would go even further and say that it is my view that through your patience, your correctness and, above all, your accuracy in representing your country in this Organization you have played a role in furthering the gxowth of the United Nations. 62. Parlant collaboration auront BtB parmi les bases de mon action ici. 62. 1 would add a persona1 Word. Co-operation with you and, above all, my persona1 friendship with you have become parts of the basis of my own activities here. 63. 1 would conclude on this subject by saying that 1 am. convinoed that our friendship Will remain, despite the fact that for the time being we shall not be accredited to the same organization or even live in the same city or country. In the strange ways in which our Foreign Services work, 1 am sure that we shall meet again and shall renew our co-operation. 63. Pour oonclure tion que notre amitie temps, nous cessons d’être accredites même organisation meme matique, nouveau et que nous renouerons notre collaboration. 66. My Government’s views on some of theproblems in the area in which Zambia is sihLated are well known. They are well known to the authorities of the sovereign State of Zambia. 1 do not propose today to go into the problems in the surrounding regions or into the developments which have now been crowned with success both for Malta and for Zambia. 67. The Norwegian Government had the opportunity and the honour to be represented by special envoys during the independence celebrations of Malta, on 21 September 1964, and of Zambia, on 24 October 1964. My Government is convinced of the ability, willingness and indeed eagerness of those two States to accept and carry out fully and responsibly the obligations contained in the Charter of the United Nations and conferred upon Member Stntes. Beyond that, we are convinced that they will make a valuable contribution to the activities of the United Nations, 68. As a co-sponsor of the draft resolution relating to Malta’s application for membership, we appeal to a11 members of the Council to vote for it SO that it may be adopted unanimously. We shall with great pleasure vote in faveur of the draft resolutioa on Zambia. 69. During the forthcoming session of the General Assembly, we shall vote in favour of the admission of both those States to the Unitad Nations. 70. Mr. FEDORENKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian) : Mr. President, may we too associate ourselves witù those delegations which bave today expressed to you theis good wishes. We share their feelings concerning your coming departure. But diplomats have a common fate: usually they part only ta meet again. This is a hopeful prospect, one which gives us a feeling of optimism. For us it Will always be a pleasure to meet againour colleague, Sir Patrick Dean, who has SO worthily represented his country in the United Nations, including the Security Council-to meet him andcontinue our businesslike endeavours, which we regard as a most useful experience. We have not always, of course, been in agreement-certainly not on every subject. There are many questions on whioh our positions are to this day at variante, but we are happy to say that in the search for mutually acceptable decisions Sir PatrickDeanhas displayed a business-like approach and unfailing British tact. 72. The Security Council has before it for consideration the application of the State of Maltafor admission to membership in the United Nations, contained in a letter dated 29 September 1964from Mr, BorgOlivier, Prime Minister of Malta, addressed to thesecretary- General. We also have before us the joint draft resolution of Morocco, Norway and the United Kingdom to the effect that the Security Council recommend the General Assembly to admit Malta to membership in the United Nations. 72. Le Conseil de s&ourit& est saisi de la demande d’admission de 1’Etat de Malte a l’ONU, contenue dans la lettre, au Secrétaire g&@ral par M. Borg Olivier, ministre d’un projet de résolution du Maroc, de la Norvège et du Royaume-Uni, commander & llAssemblee glJn&rale d’admettre Malte B l’Organisation des Nations Unies. 73. In connexion with these two documents the Soviet Union delegation wishes to state that it supports Malta’s application for membership in the United Nations and is ready to vote in favour of the draft resolution submitted by Morocco, Norwüy and the United Kingdom. In doing SO, the Soviet delegation welcomes this increase in the Orgünization’s membership and hails the admission of Malta, which until recently was one of the last remnants of colonialism in Europe, MaltaIs accession to independence does not, of course, mean that a11 its problems have been solved. In the new circumstances, however, the Maltese people willcertainly have much broader opportunities for solving them. 73. Au sujet de ces deux documents, la delt5gation sovietique tient a declarer qu’elle appuie la demande d’admission de Malte a voter le Maroc, la Norvege et le Royaume-Uni. En se prononçant pour lladmission de Malte a l”ONU, la dB@- gation sovietique se felicite du nombre des Membres de lYX?ganisation et elle se rejouit l’un des derniers vestiges du colonialisme en Europe. Certes, l’accession de Malte !! l’indépendancene signifie pas qu’elle ait r8solu tous ses problémes. Mais, dans ces conditions trouvera, regler les questions qui se posent a lui. 74. When Malta acceded to independence, the Soviet Government sent to the people and Government of Malta its congratulations and sincere wishes for their prosperity and progress on the path of independent development. Basing its policy on the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and seeking to develop co-operation and friendship with every people, the Soviet Government on that occasion declared that it recognized Malta as an independent State and expressed readiness to t%tablish diplomatie relations with it. 74. A l’occasion Gouvernement sovi&ique gouvernement maltais ses f&licitations sinc&res de bien-Atre d&eloppement independant. Fondant sa politique sur les principes de l’égalite détermination des peuples, et désireux de d8velopper la collaboration et l’amitié Gouvernement soviétique a declar8, B cette occasion, qu’il reconnaissait Malte comme Etat independant et qu’il Btait pret a établir des relations diplomatiques avec elle. 75. Speaking now in favour of Malta’s admission to the United Nations, the Soviet delegation expresses the hope that the delegation of Malta, in accordanoe with the declaration 0,, in which the Government of Malta accepted the obligations contained in the United Nations Charter, Will make its worthy contribution to the strengthening of the Organization and to the development of international co-operation. 75. En se prononçant aujourd’hui pour l’admission de Malte l’espoir la d8claration par laquelle le Gouvernement de Malte a accepté les obligations contenues dans la Charte, contribuera dignement 2 la consolidation de I’Organisation et au d8veloppement de la collaboration internationale. 76. Le 24 octobre dernier, son trente-cinquième Ainsi une periode dont les Zambiens se souviendront comme d’une epoque d’oppression, et de discrimination Y%hodesie du Nord” a Bté rayé par le peuple zambien de la carte d’Afrique, sion coloniale et comme rappelant l%poque ofi l’on arrachait du pays, le nom même de l’antique Zambie. CIest par le triomphe du peuple que s’est achevé le long combat des Africains l’independance. 76. On 24 October of this year, Zambia, the thirtyfifth independent African State, was born. An end was thus put to a period in the history of that country which the citizens of Zambia Will remember as an esa of oppression, colonial exploitation and racial discrimination, The very name “Northern Rhodesia” has been erased from the m.ap of Africa by the Zambian people as a symbol of colonial oppression and a reminder of the time when the Africans were deprived not only of their land and its wealth, but of the very name of ancient Zambia. The people’s triumph brought to an end the struggle for freedom and independence carried on by the country’s African inhabitants over a long period of years. e s , 8 s, 77. Summing up the United Kingdom’s seventy-year rule in Zambia, Mr. Kenneth Kaunda, the leader of the national liberation movement and now President 77. Faisant le bilan de 70 ans de domination britannique en Zambie, M. Kenneth Kaunda, leader du mouvement de lib&ration 78. Zambia 1s now at the beginning of a new road, the road of independent existence and development, According to the manifesto of the United National Independence Party, headed by Mr, Kenneth Kaunda, which was issued by the Party on the eve of the January eleotions in Northern Rhodesia and on the provisions of which the present Zambian Government’s political and eoonomic line is based, thc country intends to pursue a policy of non-alignment. Its President has said that Zambia is on the road to socialist development, and that it went without saying that in a socialist country a11 the means of production must be controlled by the State. 79. Mr. Kaunda considers Zambia’s first and foremost task to be the establishment and comprehensive development of a diversified industry, wkich Will allow the country to proceed to the solution of other important problems, including the elimination of unemployment among the Africans. With a view to improving agriculture and raising the level of living of the rural inhabitants, the United NationalIndependence Party proposes to develop co-operatives and to apply agricultural teohnology extensively on African cooperative farms. 80. The oreation of national cadres is regarded as another important task in Zambia. TO chat end, the African Government’s plans provide for the establishment in the country’s capital of auniversityof Central Africa and a special centre for the training of the administrative and managerial personnel required by the new Republic. 81. When considering the admission of Zambia to membership in the United Nations, we cannot fail to direct our attention to the explosive situation existing in neighbouring Southern Rhodesia, which until a short time ago was linked with Zambia in a single colonial entity. Today, the people of Southern Rhodesia are still under the yoke of colonialism. A small group of whlte settlers are trying to usurp power in that country and have deprived the overwhelming African majority of genuine independence. Xt is the duty of the United Nations and of a11 States to prevent the establishment in Afrioa of a new hotbedofracism, of a new régime following in the footsteps of the South African racists who are applying the criminal policy of apartheid. The people of Southern Rhodesia must be granted real and not fictitious independence. We fully share the views expressed in thatconnexion by the representatives of the African countries, particularly Morooco and the Ivory Coast. 82. On the day when Zambia’s independence wasproclaimed, Mr. Mikoyan, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, and Mr. Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, hailing that notable event in the liberation of Afr$ca and ,expressing the feelings of the entire Soviet people, Sent the following message to Mr. Kenneth Kaunda, President of the Republic of Zambia: “The citizens of the Soviet Union have always been imbued with a feeling of solidarity with the people of Zambia in their heroic struggle for freedom nnd national independenoe, and sincerely share in their rejoicing as they embark on the building of a new life. solidaires pour partagent s’engageant “The proclamation of the independence of the Republic of Zambia is a new and noteworthy event in the liberation of the peoples of Africa from the colonial yoke. blique tante de l’oppression “The Soviet Government formally deolares that it recognizes the Republic of Zambia as an independent sovereign State and is ready to establish diplomatie relations with it and to exchange diplomatic missions at the ambassadorial level. lement tant qu’Etat disposé tiques diplomatiques “May we, Mr. President, express the conviction that relations between the Soviet Union and the Republic of Zambia Will develop on the basis of friendship, mutual understanding and trust.” mer Republique fondees la confiance.” 83, The Soviet delegation supports the admission of Zambia to membership in the United Nations and Will vote in faveur of the relevant draft resolution. 83. de l’admission Nations correspondant. 84. On this solemn day, when we are opening the doors of the United Nations to two new States which have thrown off the shackles of colonial domination and have attained their independence, the Soviet delegation îeels it necessasy once again to emphasize that the Soviet Union unswervingly supports the strengthening of the United Nations in the interests of peace and international security. 84, de brisé acquis souligner invariablement nisation et de la S&urit8 85. The Soviet Union has been and continues to be guided by the Leninist principles of peaceful coexistence, which constitute the firm foundation of the foreign policy of the Soviet State. We intend to continue in the future the struggle for the strengthening of peace and for friendship and co-operation between peoples as against colonialism and neo-colonialism, the struggle for disarmament and for the relaxation of international tension. It goes without saying thatwe expect other States, for their part, to respect the sovereignty and independence of a11 countries and to bend their efforts towards the strengthening of peace. 85. d’6tre tence pacifique, lable de la politique Nous la consolidation laboration et le neo-colonialisme, d&ente dons des autres raineté attachement 86. Let me ask you, Mr. President, to dispense with the consecutive interpretation into Englishand French, without prejudice to the customary procedure of the Security Council. 86. pas discours de la procedure de sécurite.

First of all, Mr. President, 1 should like to associate my delegation and myself whole-heartedly with the sentiments that have been expressed on your departure as the Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom. 1 am sure YOU Will long be missed by a11 your colleagues in the 87. Je m’associer et en mon nom personnel, d’être de représentant 88. On this occasion, I may particularly congratulate you on the distinction of having presided over the admission to the United Nations of three independent States which are a11 members of the Commonwealth. This cannot but redound to the credit of the administering Power, which you SO brilliantly represent, for having taken account of the political aspirations of the peoples under its administration and assisted them in developing free political institutions. 89. The island of Malta is rich in historic associations through the centuries and its people are noted for their heroism in war. My Government was happy to send a special envoy to participate in the independence ceremonies last September. On behalf of my Government, I now welcome the State of Malta into this world Organization. We are confident that the brave Maltese people, in their strategic position in the Mediterranean, Will play an important role, as they have done in the past, in the defence of liberty. 90. Likewise, the best wishes of theChineseGovernment and people are extended to the Republio of Zambia, which by happy coincidence came into being on the same day on which the anniversary of the United Nations was celebrated this month. The Republic of China has always upheld the principle of self-determination and is gratified to see the emergence of the thirty-sixth State on the continent of Africa. 91. In voting for the draft resolutions before the Council, my Government offers its best wishes to the Governments of Malta and Zambia and expresses the hope that, as Members of the United Nations, they Will contribute further to the promotion of peace and freedom for a11 mankind.

First, Mr. President, my delegation wishes to associate itself with those of our colleagues who have already expressed to you their feelings of personal friendship and esteem.. 1 should like to repeat here my delegation’s high regard for the erudition, ability and great diplomatie ski11 of which you have SO often given proof in the course of our debates. While regretting your departure from the post of Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom, 1 wish you great success in your new tasks. 9 3, The declaration of independence of the two countries whose request for admission to the United Nations is before the Council today is the result of the irreversible process of the liquidation of the colonial r@ime. 94. The island of Malta, though small in size, has for centuries played an important role in the Mediterranean. Situated at the crossroads of history, brade and culture, its brave, hard-working people, with their love of liberty and peace, have playea a signifioant part in the manyevents whichhave gone towards forming the character of thls part of the world. The 95. The Government and people of Czechoslovakia, as expressed in the message sent by the Czechoslovak Government on the occasion of Malta’s declaration of independence, convey their good wishes to the Maltese people for the .rapid progress and prosperity of their nation. We trust that friendly relations Will very soon develop between Malta and our country. 95. comme le Gouvernement ration lation rite amicales Malte et notre pays. 96. We are, of course, aware of the serious economic problems which the Maltese people Will have to face. We believe that they Will tackle them with their usual courage, moving resolutely along the path of equal sovereignty and opposing a11 forms of intervention. We therefore hope that free Malta Will become a bulwark of peace in the Mediterranean and that its presence in the United Nations Will contribute to the cause of international co-operation between a11 nations. 96. Aconomiques face. son habituel le chemin toute esperons dans la Mediterranee Unies cause de la coop&ration peuples. 97. With this in mind, the Czechoslovak delegation is happy to support the draft resolution submitted by Morocco, Norway and the United Kingdom, and we shall vote in favour of the draft resolution. 97. vaque de résolution le Royaume-Uni projet, 98. la preuve du progrès pour leur trale considér8e colonialisme l’examen [ 11608me prétendue tution libératrice facteur culièrement de plus nation indgpendante, tat de cette lutte. 98. The independence of the Republic of Zambia is evidence of the progress made in the efforts of the African peoples to achieve their freedom in central and southern Afrioa, a region which was hithertoconsidered as one of the last bulwarks of colonialism on the African continent, At the time Malawi’s request for admission was considered [1160th meeting], we recalled the role played by the so-called Central African Federation, a colonialist institution, and the importance of the struggle for liberation waged by the people of that region, which constituted a decisive factor in the progress achieved. It is particularly fitting for us to reoall these facts once again, now that we are greeting another independent nationwhose independence resulted from that struggle. 99. At the same time, my delegation wishes to express its deep sympathy to the African people of Southern Rhodesia, who are continuing their struggle against the racist designs of the white minority of that country. We hope that their heroic fight Will soon be crowned with success. But we share the concern of our African friends in this Council regarding the situation created by the reactionary inclinations of the racist leaders of Southern Rhodesia. We condemn the attack on African liberty that their efforts represent and we announce our delegation’s support of any effective action undertaken by United Nations organs to forestall andprevent the carryingout of this sinister plan and to assure the defence of the new State of Zambia against the colonialists’ threat of aggression. 99. mer la Rhodbsie les desseins pays. Nous voulons ne tardera nous partageons amis Cri%e par les vell8ités racistes l’attaque ces tentatives est prête entreprise prévenir et pour assurer contre l’agression 100. It is a well-known fact that the natural wealth of the Zambesi Valley has for years beeu considered an easy and attractive prey for colonialists. Their penetration into thés part of Africa has been marked 100. naturelles des années, considérées tentante 101. After their victorious struggle, the people of Zambia have now embarked upon a pathof independent development, They wlll soon meet with innumcrable obstacles and they Will bave to solve the many problems inherited from the colonial rQime before being able to enjoy to the full the freedom and independence under which their country’s natural wealth will be used solely for the welfare of the population, The principle of a people’s sovereignty over its country’s natural resources is the basic factor in the struggle against the remainiag traces of colonialism. The people of Zambia must now ensure I;he application of this principle in full, as the logical result of their right to self-determination. 102. In their efforts to apply this principle in the spirit of the Charter, the people of Zambia cari Count on the active friendship of the people and Government of Czechoslovakia. We wish them every success, prosperity and peaceful clevelopment in an atmosphere of i’reedom and national independence. 103. In hailing the Republio of Zambia’s declaration of independence, the President of the Czechoslovak Sccialist Republio sent a message to the President of the Republic of Zambia stressing the interest and sympathy with which the Czechoslovak people haclfollowed the people of Zambia’s struggle against colonialism and for independence and progress. At the same time, he expressed the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic’s wish to establish friendly and diplomatie relations with the Republio of Zambia. We firmly believe that friendly relations Will soon be established, not only to the mutual benefit of both peoples, but also in order to strengthen the cause of peace and international security. 104. Zambiats independence has pushed the frontier of African liberties southwards and we hope this advance Will continue. The arriva1 of Zambia at the United Nations serves to reinforce the cause of both progress and world peace. 105. With this in min& the Czechoslovak delegation gives its full support to the draft resolution submitted by the Ivory Coast, Morocco and the United Kingdom and we shall vote in favour of it.

First of ail, 1 should like to express our profound regret at the departure of Sir Patrick Dean, for whom the French delegation feels the greatest friendship. We find it difficult to accustom ourselves to the idea that we shall no longer meet his tall, familiar figure in the corridors, or hear him defend his Government’s position with conviction and elegante. His simplicity, his pleasant disposition and his gift for establishing direct contact with a11 made Sir Patrick Dean popular with everyone, and this was of benefit to his cotintry, which he has represented in this Organization with distinction and authority. His 107. Only three weeks after havingapprovedMalawi% application for memhership in our Organization, the Security Council is meeting again to consider the applications of Malta and Zambia, two former United Kingdom Territories which have just attained international sovereignty. 107. Trois semaines seulement apr&s avoir répondu favorablement a la demande dladh&ion du Malawi a notre organisation, le Conseil de skcurité se r6unit a nouveau afin d’examiner les candidatures de Malte et de la Zambie, c’est-a-dire ritoires souveraineté internationale, 108. Small in asea, but great in history, the island of Malta has been a meeting point of Mediterranean civilizations and has witnessed the successive passage of the Phoenicians, the Romans, the Arabs, the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, the French and the British. 108. Petite par l’étendue, grande par l’histoire, de Malte a 6tk le point de rencontre des civilisations méditerranéennes Phéniciens, les Romains, les Arabes, les Chevaliers .de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem, Britanniques. 109, My country’s feeling of friendship for the Maltese people is not new: it originates in a long-standing relationship and is further strengthened by the memory of the ordeals that they suffered a little more than twenty years ago. While the Maltese flag bears the colours of the Normans who ruled the island in the eleventh Century, it also proudly displays the George Cross, the reward for Malta’s heroism during the terrible bombardments of the war. 109. La sympathie qu’éprouve mon pays a l’égard de la population maltaise n’est pas nouvelle. Eveillé par des contacts très anciens, ce sentiment est encore renforc8 par le souvenir des épreuves endurées par elle il y a un peu plus de 20 ans, Et si le pavillon maltais porte les couleurs des seigneurs normands de l’île au XIème si&cle, il s’enorgueillit la croix de Saint-Georges, récompense de l’h&ol’sme de Malte pendant les terribles la guerre. 110. After an evolution marked by frequent electoral consultations and recently by a referendum, Malta has passed from self-government, which it exercised for many years, to independence. This result is to the credit of the United Kingdom, as well as of the people and leaders of Malta, who arecourageously embarking on this new stage in their existence, We are convinced that they Will know how to devote a11 their efforts to the quest for a prosperous future. The French delegation wishes to express its sincere and friendlygood wishes for the success of this undertaking, and Will vote with pleasure in favour of the draft resolution submitted by my colleagues from Morocco, Norway and the United Kingdom. 110. A l’issue d’une évolution consultations 6lectorales fréquentes et, tout derniè- rement, par un rgférendum, Malte passe du statut de l’autonomie, qu’elle a pratiqué pendant de longues années, a celui de l’ind6pendance. Ce résultat est tout b l’honneur du Royaume-Uni, la population et des dirigeants maltais, qui abordent avec courage cette nouvelle étape de leur existence. Ils sauront, soyons-en persuadés, consacrer tous efforts délégation française amicaux pour le succès de cette entreprise, et c’est avec plaisir résolution pr6sent.6 par mes coll&gues du Maroc, de la Norvège et du Royaume-Uni. 111. C’est le 24 octobre, jour anniversaire de notre organisation, que la Zambie est devenue ind6pendant.e. Le gouvernement de l’admission Nations Unies, dont tous les membres du Conseil estimeront qu’il remplit tions requises par la Charte et se trouve & mgme d’en assurer les obligations. La Zambie, en effet, se présente & l’Organisation de sérieux atouts et au terme d’une Evolution politique dont le rythme en être porté au cr8dit du Royaume-Uni qui réussit ainsi, si je ne me trompe, sa vingt-sixisme rience de décolonisation, aussi bien qu’à celui d’une population africaine pleine de dynamisme, Les Equipes dirigeantes de Lusaka ont déj& montré quel était leur sens des responsabilités; s’est déja acquis une réputation d’homme dlEtat, et les derniers progrès politiques de l’ancienne Rhodésie du Nord ont été rapides. 111. It was on 24 October, the anniversary of our Organization, that Zambia became independent. The Government of Mr. Kaunda immediately applied for United Nations membership for the new State, which, as a11 the members of the Council Will agree, undoubtedly fulfils the conditions set forth in the Charter and is able to carry out the obligations laid down therein. Indeed, Zambia cornes to the United Nations with impressive qualifications, after apolitical evolution whose pace has been remaxkable. This aohievement should be placed to the credit of the United Kingdom-which, if 1 amnot mistaken, has thus brought its twenty-sixth experiment in decolonization to a successful conclusion-as well as to the credit of a highly dynamic African population, The leaders at Lusaka have already shown their sense of responsibility; the President, Mr. Kaunda, has already acquired a reputation as a statesman, and the recent political progress of the former Northern Rhodesia has been rapid. 113. As the representative of a country which maintains friendly relations with Africa, 1 wish to address our most sincere good wishes to the Government and people of the new State. 114. It is with great pleasure that the French delegation will vote in favour of the draft resolution submitted jointly by the representatives of the Ivory Coast, Morocco and the United Kingdom.

The Brazilian delegation wishes firSt of a11 to join in the expressions of regret by which the speakers who have preceded me have interpreted the feelings of the Security Council upon learning of the forthcoming departure of our President for this month, Sir Patrick Dean. It has beenamatter of great satisfaction to the Brazilian delegation to have shared the responsibility and work of the Security Council under the guidance of such a distinguished person, who has SO competently represented the interests of bis country in accordance with the ideals ofpeace and the principles of the Charter, We wish Sir Patrick every possible success in his career and a11 the happiness he could wish for in his private life. 116. Once again the Security Council has met to carry out one of the most important duties entrusted to it by the Charter. The Council’s role in the political act of the admission of new Members is not a mere formality. It is particularly significant in the case of former colonial territories which have achieved sovereignty in accordance with the principles laid down in the Charter. When the Council approves the admission of one of these territories to the United Nations, it is acting out of a desire to strengthen further the principle of the self-determination and independence of peoples. 117. The Brazilian delegation Will be greatly honoured to vote in favour of the draft resolutions SLLIImitted by the delegations of Morocco, Norway and the United Kingdom, and by the delegations of the Ivory Coast, Morocco, and the United Kingdom, for the admission of Malta and Zambia to membership of the United Nations. 118. In the process of achieving their independence by peaceful means, these States, whichare the youngest in the world oommunity, have already demonstrated their firm adherenoe to the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, Zambia had to overcome diffi- CUltieS which sometimes seemed insurmountable in order to create a State in which a11 the inhabitants, regardless of race or colour, could aspire to a life of dignity and prosperity. Throughout their history, the Maltese people have displayed an unshakable attachment to liberty. Their heroic resistance in thesecond World War is still fresh in our memories.

Mr. President, it is at the same time with pleasure and with deep regret that 1 join my colleagues in paying a tribute to you on the eve of your departure-pleasure because it is always,agreeable to express admiration and affection for a friend, profound regret because that is what we most feel at tho thought of losing you from our midst. We have admired for four years the wit and wisdom, the realism andobjectivity, theunderstanding and sympathy, the attachment to principle but the readiness to conciliate which you, as representative of the United Kingdom, have SO consistently displayed here. No one through these difficult years has made a greater contribution to the success of our work. Each one of US will miss you personally. On behalf of my delegation and myself, 1 wish you Godspeed and as great success in the future as in the past. 120. M. YOST (Etats-Unis l’anglais]: rendre hommage, Monsieur le Président, alaveillede votre est toujours l’affection regret, que nous admirons l’esprit lisme et l’objectivit6, sympathie, l’attachement la volonté de conciliation ment fait preuve ici en tant que reprQsentant Royaume-Uni. Pendant ces années difficiles, personne n’aura travaux, Chacun d’entre nous regrettera Au nom de ma délegation et en mon nom propre, je vous souhaite bonne, chance et autant de SUC&S dans l’avenir que dans le pas&. 121. The United States is happy to vote today in favour of the admission of Malta and Zambia to the United Nations. It is a pleasure to welcome to the United Nations new States that Will share the burden of our responsibilities and the satisfaction of our accomplishments. Though a vast amount remains to be done to secure world peace, the Charter of this Organization provides us with the possibility and the prospect of creating a better, a safer, a more pro- 121. Les Etats-Unis d’hui pour l’admission de Malte et de la Zambie a l’Organisation sons’ d’accueillir geront le poids de nos responsabilités faction de nos réussites. pour assurer la paix mondiale, la Charte de notre organisation de cr6er un monde meilleur, ductif. et de la Zambie nous font penser qu’elles seront à l’avant-garde de ce mouvement. ductive world. We expect that both Malta and Zambia, in accordance with their past history and national characters, will play a leading role in these tasks. 122. My own country has long enjoyed friendly relations with both Malta and Zambia. Since the Second World War, in which Malts played such an important part, the United States has had a consulate there and has welcomed thousands of Maltese settlers to our shores. We are both seafaring people and our sailors have long known and admired Malta and the Maltese. We have also had excellent relations with Zambia and its people. Many United States citizens have enjoyed its hospitality. United States Government officials have been active there in the fieldsof education, communications and rural development. In addition, United States private citizens, as missionaries and as investors in the copper industry, which forms the principal basis of Zambia’s wealth, have participated in the life of the country. Many Zambians have also corne to the United States as students. That distinguished African statesman, the President, Mr.Kenneth Kaunda, has visited this country a number of times and we have the deepest respect and admiration for him, My Government has had the honour of sponsoring a training programme for Zambian diplomats at American University in Washington and Columbia University here in New York, 122. Mon pays entretient depuis longtemps des relations amicales avec Malte et la Zambie. Depuis la seconde guerre mondiale, dans laquelle Malte a joué un rôle si important, les Etats-Unis y ont un consulat; des milliers nous. Nous avons les mêmes traditions maritimes, et nos marins connaissent et admirent depuis longtemps Malte et les Maltais. et son peuple sont également excellentes, breux citoyens des Etats-Unis hospitalité. vaille en Zambie, dans les domaines de l’enseignement, des communications et du développement rural. outre, la vie du pays, soit en qualité de missionnaires, soit en plaçant des capitaux dans les mines de cuivre, qui sont la principale coup de Zambiens font leurs &udes aux Etats-Unis, Le Président, M. Kenneth Kaunda, ce grand homme d’Etat africain, s’est acquis notre respect et notre admiration. les auspices de mon gouvernement, zambiens ont pu suivre l%Jniversité américaine à Washington et a l’Université Columbia a New York, 123. My delegation would like to stress one of the points that these two countries have in common, that is, the peaceful transition to independence, We consider that the way in which they have reached their goal reflects great credit on them and on the former administering Power, which has facilitated and welcomed the process of self-determination and the 123. Un trait commun sur lequel je voudrais insister: dans ces deux pays, la transition vers l’ind&pendance s’est faite pacifiquement. être tout B fait B leur honneur et a celui de l’ancienne Puissance administrante, le processus d’autod&ermination l’indépendance

The emergence of independent States is, without any doubt, a characteristio trend in contemporary international politics. This trend, which is present throughout the world, not merely betokens a transformation of political geography but is destined to be an influential factor in the examination and modification of many traditional principles of law and politics. This influence cannot I)e absent in the United Nations. In grafting parliamentary procedures and rules upon diplomacy, with the advent of new States and the admission of new Members, the Organization must recognize, as indeed it does, thatits institutional basis is being transformed. It cannot be denied that this transformation is particularly advantageous to the smaller countries, whose voice in defence of peace and of the highest principles of coexistence has at last begun to be heard. 125. The delegation of Bolivia welcomes with great enthusiasm the draft resolutions submitted to the Security Council recommending the admissionof Malta and Zambia to membership in the United Nations. As has been already said, these two countries are quite different from each other: different in the roles they have played in the history of mankind, different in their geography, different in their degree of development, and different in their significance in international poiitics. These dissimilarities prove that here in the United Nations we share a common burden and are united in a common task, thanks to ideals and principles which are common to a11 men, regardless of their condition, Malta and Zambia bave declared their adherence to these principles-a fundamental prerequisite for the admission of new Members-and we, in recommending their admission to the United Nations, must offer them the moral support and cooperation which they need in order to fulfil their noble intentions. 126. As has been pointed out* Malta is an island whose associations with the great currents and movements of human civilization go back to antiquity. From the sociological standpoint, Malta is a crucible in which races and cultural trends of the most diverse origins have been melted together. With regard to economic and social matters, its population has a standard of living which is uniform; and thanks to its proximity to many advanced nations, it enjoys the benefits of civilization. Zambia, on the other hand, is a Young country, only recently created; and while known for its wealth-it is the third copper-producing country of the world-it has great difficulties, and much social imbalance in its population, to overcome. A further serious problem confronts it: it is a landlocked State, and the difficulties inherent in such a situation Will grow more acute as it attempts to emerge from its under-development, Bolivia oan speak with authority on this question, because of its own experience-although it should be observed that 127. 1 would reaffirm my delegation’s support for the draft resolutions before us. 127, de r&olution 128. I should like to say a few words of farewell to you, Mr. President, associating myself with the sincere expressions of affection and persona1 regard addressed to you by my colleagues with an eloquenoe to which 1 could lay no claim. You leave behind you friends who admire your talent and your uprightnessin short, a11 the qualities that have SO justly won for you the unanimous and unqualified esteem of a11 your colleagues. 128. adresser très exprimé d%loquenoe serez ici noblesse qui vous valent nime des mem.bres du Conseil.

1 have no more speakers on my list, but before proceeding to the vote 1 wish to make one observation. 129. des orateurs ne passe au vote, je voudrais vation. 130, In the course of our proceedings this morning reference has been made to another matter which is not on the agenda before us, While 1 understand the reasons which have prompted these references, the matter in question has very recently been under discussion in another body of this Organization, when the position of my Governm.ent was made clear in a statement by the British representative who, in the course of bis remarks, read a statement issued by my Prime Minister on 27 Ootober. 130. mention du jour, il en a 6th fait d’être et la position par son représentant, dgclaration 27 octobre. 131. 1 do not believe that it would be appropriate in these circumstances for me to say more here today, but 1 have, of course, taken careful note and Will report the statements which have been made. 131. ait lieu pour moi d’en dire bien entendu, et j’en rendrai 132. 1 shall now put to the vote the draft resolution [S/6028] recommending to the General Assembly the admission of Malta to membership of the United Nations. 132. de &Solution g&&rale Nations A vote was taken by show of hancis. Xhe draft resolution was adopted unanimously. 133. mettre recommandant la Republique Unies.

1 shall now put to the vote the draft resolution [S/SOZS] recommending to the General Assembly the admission of the Republic of Zambia to membership of the United Nations. A vote was taken by show of hands. Xhe draft resolution was adopted unanimously. 134. permission une la séance. I34. The PRESIDENT: Members of the Council, before 1 bring this meeting to a close, if you Will forgive me, 1 should like to make a persona1 statement. 135. séance du Conseil prendrai Royaume-Uni, pas, je l’esp&re, convenablement tout teralement 135. As you have a11 reminded me, this is my last meeting here in the Security Council as Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom. On an occasion suc11 as this, my colleagues Will, 1 hope, not think the worse of me if 1 fail to express in any adequate way my feelings and my gratitude for a11 that has been said today. 1 litesally do feel overwhelmed. 136. 1 also must confess to a failure pn my part to recogniee in myself the paragon of a11 the virtues that my colleagues have described in their speeches. Ican 136. guère dans ce parangon collègues. 138. Members of the Council, 1 arrived in New York to take up mypost on 7 September 1960. Within twentyfour heurs, 4 found myself taking partina night meeting-number 896-of the Security Council, dealingwith the Congo. And it was on that occasion, if 1 remember right, that 1 made my first andbyfar my most popular and constructive speech in my careex, which was to move the adjournment of the meeting at 3 o’clock in the morning. Now the time has corne to leave you, after a sather less controversial meeting-number 1161. 139. My experience with the intervening 265 meetings, almost ail of which 1 have attended, has left me very conscious of the privilege that has been afforded to me of witnessing, and sometimes takingpartin, events of great moment, 1 have also been very conscious, as indeed a11 of us here are, of the responsibility which rests on those who constitute the Council, charged as it is uncler our Charter with the primary responsibility for international peace and security. 140, May 1 also be allowed to remind you that in these four years 1 have had the honour to sponsor r esolutions on the admission of eleven new independent Commonwealth countries to this Organization. Eight of these came from Africa, hvo from the Caribbean and one, today, from Europe. 141. It is perhaps natural that those of us who sit round tkis table should have developed a certain oorporate sense, a feeling of collective responsibility and, if I may say SO, of comradeship. However that may be, 1 wish to take this opporhmity of expressing my gratitude for their persona1 oonsideration and friendliness to a11 my colleagues, bath those who are here at this meeting today and ail those who preceded them since 1 first occupied the seat of the United Kingdom in September 1960. 142. I speak of my colleagues, but 1 am also espeoially sensible of the persona1 debt 1 owe to the Secretary-General. His wisdom in counsel is matched only by the qualities of understanding, patience andkindness that he brings to bear in our private consultations with him and by the skill, devotion and invariable courtesy of the Secretariat which he leads. 143. My successor, Lord Caradon, known under another name but still the same man, is very weil known to you. 1 am sure he cari look forward to a warm welcome from you and to working with you on the ideals which we a11 hold in common. 144. Members of the Council, as we have disposed of the item on our agenda and as 1 propose to waive, for the last Urne, not on the usual understanding, my right to consecutive interpretation, I declare this meeting adjourned. The meeting rose at 1.15 p.m. HQW TO OBTAIN UNITED United Nations publications distributors throughout the Write ta: United Nations, COMMENT SE PROCURER LES Les publications des Nations Unies agences dépositaires du monde entier. ou adressez-vous à: Nations Unies, COMO CONSEi;UIR PUBLICACIONES Las publicaciones de las Naciones casas distribuidoras en todas partes dirijase a: Naciones Unidas, Section Litho in UN. Price: $US. 0.35 (or equivalent