S/PV.1229 Security Council

I should like to express my gratitude tc Ambassador de Beus for his work as President of tbe Security Ccuncil during the month of 3une.

Mr. President, may 1 thank you on behalf of Ambassador de B~US, who presided over the Council Iast month. for the tribute which you bave just paid to him. 1 will be sui-e to transmit ycur words tc Ambassador de Beus, who is in Europe at this moment. May 1 take this opportunity, Mr. President, to express to you our best wishes for the periocl during which you Will conduct our business. Tribute to the memory of Mr. Adlai E. Stevenson, Permanent Representotive of the United States of America to the United Notions

1 am sure that I express the view not only of the delegation of the Soviet Union but of the other members of the Security Council as well in conveying my condolences to the United States delegation on the death of Adlai Stevenson, who long teck part in the work of the United Nations Security Council. On the proposai of the Presidenf. Lhe members of fhe Council observed a minute of silence.

kbVera1 members of the Security Council bave asked to be e;iven the opporbmity to speak in tribute to 6. We venture to think that, more than the voice of nny other single individual who came to be associated with this, the highest organ of the United Nations, Ambassador Stevenson% was the voice that sounded the cal1 to arms in the cause of peace and cautioned the world that enduring peace has to he fought for, even more than the ending of a war, that the spirit and energy of mankind should be directed to making sure. for generations yet unborn, that war and the psychosis of hate that it breeds will not devastate their minds and hearts long before their hands readily lend themselves to the use of arms. with brothers raising their hands against brothers and staining themselves with each other’s hlood. 7. He saw clearly, and perhaps ahead of his time, the perils of the atomic age and thought sadly that mari, in his passion to control the elements and play God, was arming himsclf with the panoply of power while at the same time losing the power to control hmself and thus falling prey to the risks of overplaying his hand. 8. It is a significant coincidence in the history of humankind that Ambassador Stevenson passed away almost on the very eve of the twentieth anniversary of the detonation of the first atomic device in the deserts of New Mexico on 16 July 1945 and the birth of the atomic age, through two decades of which, with patience and persistence. he laboured tirelessly to preach the doctrine that the ideal of peace as an end cannot be pursued through warlike means-the means that mankind too often employs. of minatory words and menacing deeds. 9. Wben, therefore. in 1960, he became the Permanent Representative of his country to the United Nations, he took on no new vocation, he picked up no new threads, but he continued the pursuit of the high purpose to which he had dedicated himself for a11 the years since the conclusion of the war. No new content was expressed in hisvoice. which was onlygiven a new power because it was heard in behalf of a world Power of surpassing strength and in the highest Council of the world, whose sole preoccupation was the perennial theme of peace and war. 10. He never deluded himself with the thought that the next turning on the straight and narrow path would present the vision of a new world, the world of peace. He knew the exhausting effort was always worth making wherever the end might be. He believed with Tolstoy 12. Many a time indeed, listening to an irate interlocutor, we here bave seen his intent face flush, his brows arch over wide-open rounded eyes. his face a picture of utter incredulity, taut lips killing every trace of a smile tbat a pleasant face might othenvise betray. And yet when his turn came to reply, he would speak in measured accents of moderation. firmly and factuaIly. saying no more tban a worù of regret, more in sorrow than in ange*. for the words of stinging attack to which he had listened andwhichindeed would bave hurt, and hurt deeply, any sensitive soul. But with him no blow, fair or foui, evergot past the shield of his integrity. The gentle voice that gave utterance to the delicacy of hi6 thoughts, boni of lofty principle and married to a felicity of expression, hisgenerosity and forbearance, his candeur and consideration. were matched by the very talent of net offending, a talent which Cardinal Newman rsnks as the highest quality of a gentleman. 13. He was a mari of clear vision and dedicated purpose, an idealist with both feet firmly on the ground. a realist wvho saw the future as far as eyes could reach and never beyond. His idealism must bave been worn down by constant confrontation with the reality of human folly. Hehadperhaps seentoomanyenthusiasms turn saur t0 be enthusiastic about anything. Any ordinary mari in his position could bave become an embittered seul. But Ambassador Stevenson kept faith wlth humanity and to the Iast maintained that balanced attitude to the ups and downs of a life which often enougb was the storm-centre of political polemics, an attitude that in the highest sense is the hallmark of a blghly civilized man. 14. IIe bounded out of life even as hebounced through it, with joy abounding, a11 his faculties alert, having OnIY minutes before done his duty to his country as he saw it. The breath of life mercifully departed from 15. The United Nations and the lofty ideals enshrined in its Charter bave lost their most articulate char+. pion, who had an abiding faith in those ideals and who never doubted or despaired about the Organisation’s future, And we who bave lost the guidance of his sure hand in the years that stretch ahead mayfeel fortified that we too walked some steps in his company in the unendlng qnest for peace and that he shared our hurdens along the way. 16. Mi-. TINE (France) (translated from French): It is with very sincere feelings of sadness that the Frencb delegation today associates itself with the tribute paid to the memory of Adlai Stevenson by the Security Council. 17. This Council, more than any other organ, is affected by the passing of the United States representative. He occupied an important place among us: for four and a half years he brought to our discussions his lofty views, bis great talent, his intelligence and, moreover. that simplicity of mariner and that human warmth which, crol-ring his other qualities. were the distingnishing characteristics of this gentleman. It is a rare combination when a refined and generous culture goes hand in hand with a keen sense of political realities. their complexity and the limitations which circumstances impose on human undertakings. Mr. Stevenson was the heir to bis country’s noblest traditions in possessing both these qualities. In losing the benefit of them. the Security Council, whose function is precisely to assess the most serious politicalfacts justly and dispassionately. has lest, 1 would venture to say. a little of its own SOU~. The future of international understanding demands that his contribution to our work should net be forgotten but that, on tbe contrary. his memory should continue to inspire our discussions when we consider the vital problems that will continue to be brought before the Council. 18. 1 could not fail ta refer to something which is barder to define but which is nevertheless the cause of our deepest affliction: the ties of friendship which united Governor Stevenson. his colleague Mr. Roger Seydoux, and the French delegation as a whole. 1 hope tbat the United States delegation Will accept the renewed expression of our most heartfelt condolences.

Mydelegationand 1 am speaking also in the name of Ambassador de Beus, who today is absent from New York-shares the deep sorrow that was felt and expressed a11 over the world at the death of our distinguished colleaye Ambassador Stevenson. It is given to only a few people to bave as brilliant a career as Mr. Stevenson’s. He was outstanding as a statesman. a lawyer. an administrator and a servant to mankind. A distingnished figure of national eminence. he was devoted from the 20. In bis capacity as the United States representative to the United Nations, Mr. Stevenson added nobitity and an extra radiante to our debates. His speeches were of a rare eloquence, wit and elegance of expression and were marked. as were his actions, by tnteltectual honesty and integrity. 22. Weil known was bis interest in the causes of human rights and of the developing peoples, as was witnessed by his regulsr attendarme at the meetings of tbe Economie and Social Comm& In fa&, he went to Geneva for that purposejusébeforehewas stricken. 22. Here, in the Sscurity Ccuncil. it is fitting to remember Governor Stevenson% Hfe-long dedication to the ideais embodied in ouï Charter, as well as his tireless efforts for worldpeaceandconciliationduring hi6 tenure here as the United States representative. In this chamber. his memory will live on, the memory of a great statesman devoted to international affairs. 23. No less will he be remembered here as a warm and tnspiring humnn being. whose character could bave been described in the words of agreat American leader whose ideals and memeutos were cherished by Mr. Stevenson-‘with malice towardnone; withcharity for ail”.

Today is indeed a very sad day for the Security Ccuncil, for we assemble here without Ambassador Stevenson and without the expectation of ever seeing him again in our midst. His presence. his eloquence and wit once constituted an integral part of thts body. We shall miss him greatly. 25. He eloquently and convincinglyexpressedearnest hopes for, and deep conviction in, the United Nations in its darkest days. and he fought to the bitter end to help keep our Organisation a living thing. Ambassador Stevenson was a truc champion of the United Nations and an internationalist and statesman, SO we mourn htm today in the Security Council in a very special way. 26. On hehalf of my Government. Ambassador Rifa’i, and members of my delegation. 1 convey my sincerest sympathies and condolences to his family, to the people and Government of the United States and. in particular, to the United States Mission to the United Nations on their great 10s~. 27. Mi-. VELAZaUEZ (Uruguay) (translated from Spanish): Last Monday, in his native City in Illinois, where his body was huried; last Friday, in Washington, where the memories of his country’s most illustrious men are honoured; yesterday, in New York, in the impressive eeremony in a crowded hall charged with 29. Adlai Stevenson was capable of accomplishing that unparalleled feat. Until time opens up wider perspectives, it will doubtless be hard to discover the truc secret of his success. 30. The virtues and merits of his personality have rightly been recalled both here and elsewhere. from that remarkable wit which enabled him to deol with the most common and prosaic aspects of his daily task with grace. elegance and brilliance, to that genuine modesty and humility which enabled him to spea!< for a great Power in the language of the smali Pcwers. But if one were to venture to anticipate the judgement of history, one would say that the explanation should be sought elsewhere: net in what he was, strictly speaking, but rather in what he represented, which is another way of being and perhaps the most profound. 31. As 1 bave said, it is impossible to conceive of a personality as universal as his which did not at the same time interpret something universal. and what is tmiversal par excellence is OU~ common human condition, whicb is the same for Europeans. Africans and Asians, no matter what the colour of our skin or our position on the battlefield. For that reason, Adlai Stevenson was par excellence the friend of all, for in that profound perspective which is much truer than that given by the illusion of power or force, humanity is one, the international community is real, and peace. justice and freedom belong equally to all. 32. There are many. no doubt, who cari understand this, but there are very few who devote their lives to the service of those ideals. as did Adlai Stevenson, and fewer still who pay the price that he paid. 33. hly delegation pays a reverent tribute to the memory of this great ma”, and wishes to assure the United States Government, his relatives and my distinyished friend, Mr. Plimpton, who was so close tc him, that we share their mourning; in the face of denth, this sharing of another’s sorrow as though ii were our own is the most that human fellowship cari do.

1 thank the representative of Uruguay and cal1 upor Mr. Liu. 37. Unlike Kennedy and Churchill, Adlai Stevenson was never fated to achieve the summit of power. But he has left behind an influence, and an inspiration, no less enduring than theirs. Much has been said in recent days in praise of Adlai Stevenson asa universal man and a world statesman. TO those of us who bave bad the privilege of working wtth him side by side, the sudden death of this remarkable man has brought a real sense of persona1 loss. Tbe rare qualities of his mind and spirit commanded the respect of a11 who knew him, even among those who did net agree with him. His statements before the General Assembly and the Security Council, by their eloquence and depth of conviction. bave enhanced the tone of debate in the world forum and will long be remembered as among the finest and the most memorable commentaries on tic international scene. 38. He brought to his task lucid intelligence, profound humanity and willingness to see the other man’s point of view. His was an open mind and a generous heart. His was the voice of reason. Bitterness was alien to him. A hateful word was never uttered by him. Observer% in this Council could net have failed to notice tbat he was polite even in circumstances of extreme provocation. He was not one to tske persona1 offence and was ever ready to dismiss insult with a witty word of riposte. 39. TO many people abroad, he was the voice of America. TO his own countrymen he personified the United Nations. Indeed. he was as much the distinguished representative of the United Rates in the United Nations as he was an effective spokesman of the cause of the United Nations in his great country. 40. In his death we bave lost a respected colleague and friend. and the United Nations a most dedicated champion. But his achievements as a servant of mankind, particularly his noble words, Will continue to Inspire in years to corne.

1 too should like to sav a few words of sincere condolence to the United States delegation in memory of Mr. Stevenson. We who had the honour of knowing him are aware of the great 10% this represents for the United States delegation. Adlai Stevenson was indeed a great man. He was a humanist, but above a11 he was a man with a heart. A profound mari, he preferred to take positive action in silence, irrefutable 42. In 6he silence in WkiCk &atk k3.s en \aie remember kim as a ma3 wko did mtacb for others. for freedom, for equali&Jr among mm sud for mderstanding among peoples. The many ceremanies wkich kme been kelcl in kis country and in tke Unit& Nations co~lrnu~iw sime kis un6imePy clea6k kave been a fitting tribut@ to bis sirktes. I should ther@fore like 60 assoeia6e my Governmen6, Blr. Usker and tke members of tke Ivory Coast delegationfullywiththese exparessions of sympa&ky and r@membrance and to renew OUT mas6 heartfelt condolences to the Wnited States Governmeat a& to tke family of the deceased. 43. Mr. OWTIZ SANZ (Bolivia) [translated from Spanisk): hltkougk tke Governmenb and peuple of olivia kave akeady express& their sincere grief at tke deatk of Adlai Stevenson tkrougk other ckannels, 1 feel it is my duty, at tkis Security Council table wkick ke konoured witk his wisdom and graced witk his corcliality, to refer to the trngic nature of the loss whtch we bave a11 suffeïed in his death. 44. In international Iife, wheseunfortunatelyopinions are SO divergent and comments at times so bitter, Mr. Stevenson w3s always an example of a lofty spirit of conciliation and of outstanding dignity. We skall therefore feel bis absence profoundly, and the bsson we skoukd perhaps ail learn from tke painfol skock of his deatk is the need to contribute. to f>e kest of our akility, to disarming men’s minds, to outlawing rancoux and diatribe in bath great sud small things, in bath the poficies of peoples sud the persona1 relationships of their representatives. 45. Notking awaits mari except the common destiny of death. We should aP1 endeavour to corne to that rendezvous as Mr. Stevenson must bave doue, witk a clear conscience. sure of kaving served the cause of peace among peoples with honour and humanity. For ail of us wko were hououred witk his friendship. his memory Will & an example sud an inspiration. 46. Lord CARADON (United Kingdom): 1 was in London last Wednesday evening -when the news spread through the crowded streets that Adlai Stevenson was dead. When we could bring ourselves to believe it. 47. 1 myself felt desolate. for 1 had long been close to Governor Stevenson, from the time when he used often to corne to stay with us years ago in Jamaica. 1 bave never admired or loved any man more. 48. Much has been said here about his eloquence and his wit and his humanity. and it is well that we should honour him here in thls Council, where his personality was SO outstanding and where we knew his qualities SO well. 49. 1 Can”ot hope to add to the tributes which bave been made here at the United Nations and bave corne in from a11 over the world, but 1 ask your permission to reflect for a few moments more on his courage and his honesty and on the main purposes of his life. in which he SO signally succeeded. 50. We know that he had bis share of great disappointment% nnd he was sensitive to them. But SO deep was the generosity of his spirit that he never felt meanness or malice. He lauglled in the face of failure. He was incapable of self-pity or bitterness. He might well bave said, in the words of Shakespeare, “1 xvi11 instruct my sorrows to be proud”. 51. lione of us ever doubted that he was a man of conscience. We know that he believed not in force but in reason, not in power but in justiceand compassion. It was Abraham Lincoln who said: “1 must keep some consciousness of being somewhere near right. 1 must keep some standard of principle fixed within myself.” Abraham Lincol‘n and Adlai Stevenson, SO different in many ways, had the same roots. They kept the same standards of principle fixed within themselves. They spoke the same language in politics. 52. Governor Stevenson’s eloquence and his wit and his courage were constantly directed to twopurposes, the purposes ofmakingpublic controversy more honest and public life more honourable. It was in those high purposes that he succeeded. He ennobled andenriched everything he touched. He enlivened and enlightened the subjects on which he turned the searchlight of his penetrating and illuminating eloquence. 53. In these days of speech writers and synthetic oratory read from someone else’s scripts the currency of public life has often been debased, to the detriment of democracy. Adlai Stevenson set himself to reverse the process. He spoke from his own mind, from his own heart and from his own conviction-even, where necessary, from his own doubt and his own misgiving. “Self-criticism is the secret weapon of democracy” he used to say and “Only the truth cari m3ke us free.” 54. Last Wednesday evening in London an extract from a film made some time ago was show” on tele- ‘For tbe most part we bave abused the electorate by telling tbem wbat they want to hear. by reassuring tbem. by giving them goodnews.byteDingthem what we think will ensure tbeir favourable attitude towards ns-in other words to wfn tbeir votes, ratber than to V&I their rnind~.~ IIe V?ent an to say: We live in a time of testing, a time of acute st3.w e, a time indeed in which the demccratic system must either prevail, must survive. or not. And to do tbis xv@ bave a great and abidtng responsibility, tbose of us wbo bave tbe fortune-tbe good fortune-t0 suffer. if you please, in the exposed positions of public responsibility and to talk sense to the ~Ople, and tel1 them what the facts are. to give them the alternatives and the choices. in reality and not in the imaginary anci euphorie dialectic that we SO often use.” And be finisbed: “Tbis 1 tbink is Mat 1 should like to be knovin for if P could-that 1 bave lifted tbe level of discourse. in the quality of tbe language and, most of aIl, 1 wotdd like to think, in the spirit of the ides.” 55. It was in tbis bis dearest wish that he succeeded SO brilliantly. On that we bave the testimony of President Kennedy, who safdt Wuriug his presidential campaigns Governor Stevenson raised the level of our national political dialogue. As our representative in tbe Unfted Nations he has similarly raised the level of tbe international political dialogue.” And, lest anyone should underrate that achieve~ent. we might remember too that Abraham Lincoln said: We who moulds public sentiment goes deeper than be wbo enaets statutes or pronounces decisions.n 56. Soon we must return to the labours of this Council. Again in the words of Abraham Lincoln: ‘Let us strive on to finish the work we are in.” And, as we do SO. may we make our tribute to Adlai Stevenson net in words alone but by acting on the lessons he taught us in this Council. lessons in the comparatively new art of parliamentary diplomacy. What were they? That we should neverbe down-hearted. that in debate we should be ready to give and take hard knocks without malice or rancour, that good manners

1 should like to extend the warm thanks of my Government and of the members of the UnitedStates Mission for the words of sympathy spoken at this table on the death of our friend and colleague Ambassador Stevenson. His loss is an incalculable one for the United States and. if 1 may say SO, for the United Nations and for the world. 58. 1 believe 1 cari say that the approbation and affection voiced here today would bave meant much to him. As some of you will recall, his first appearance at the United Nations as ou-r Government’s Permanent Representative was also at this very table. The date was 1 February 1961, and he said: WWe are the Security Council, my colleagues, and it should be to us that the peoples of the world look for the security they SO desperately long for. They are looking to us, 1 believe. for leadershipfor strong. sober. constructive leadership.” [Sec 928th meeting, para. 54.1 59, Mr. President, 1 repeat these lines because we bave completed the circle. Here in the Security Council, where his service began, it is now ended with the words we. the members of the Council, not only speak today but feel in oui henrts. For as he helieved in the leadership of this Couucil, SO did he believe in the United Nations itself. His belief was motivated not by any vague notions of idealism, but by the realistic knowledge that this Organization was the alternative to world destruction. that the peace could not be kept in a world of hunger and despair, and that the United Nations was the one organization capable of enabling us to save ourselves. 60. Adlai Stevenson has gone from our midst. But as Albert Schweitzer once wrote, in what became one of Adlai Stevenson’s favorite passages: “No ray of sunlight is ever lest, but the green which it wakes . . . needs time to sprout, and it is not always granted to the sower to live to see the harvest. Al1 work that is worth anything is done in faith.” Mr. President, Adlai Stevenson had that faith. It is now the heritage of a11 of us in this Council. 62. Uni. 62 reeognize the representative of the United Ki 0x31 on 3 point of order. 63. glais]: sinon le apr??s-midi. Conseil b faire. 63. Lord CARADQN (I;nited Kingdom): Mr. President, 1 think it is thz feeling of several members of this Couacil, if net aI1, that we nzight well adjourn ow deliberations and the remainder of our work, if you agree and if tbe Couneil ûgrees. uxtil this afterneon. May 1 put thot suggestion to you.

In the discbnrge of bis duties, tbe Presideat must as you know be guided by tbe rubes of procedure and the practice of the Council. I find myself in a somewhat difficult position. 1 doubt whether 1 bave the right to put the question raised by the United Kingdom representative to the Cauncil at a11 before we bave at least decided on tbe adoption of the agendaforthis meeting. It is obviously difficult to suspend something that has net yet begun, sud meetings of the Council properly begin with the consideration of the agenda, which may be odopted or dealt with, after discussion, in some otber manner. Therefore, with a11 due respect for the LTuitedKingdom representative’smotivesinmaking his suggestion. and for any views which other members of the Couneil might express in this regard, 1 would most respectfidly request the Unitid Kingdom represeutative not to press his point of crder to an immediate decision, since that might well create a precedent in our work whicb wouid not be very useful or valuable. Moreover, 1 am fully prepared to deal with the qxestion‘ raised by the United Kingdom representntive. or to put it to the members of the Cou&l. as S~OU as we bave disposed of the first question, which must be de‘alt with before we cari take up the United Kingdom representative’s suggestion. In order to expedite the discussion of this point I shall net nom’ insist on the consecutive interpretation of my remârks. 64. s’appuie, eglement de situation le droit tion avant présente rompre du Conseil sion soit que des motifs du membres ie voudrais de imm8diatement en grande ie representant seil *‘une parler Pour consécutive 65. Lord CARADON (United Kingdom): 1 wish mercly to say, Mr. President, that 1 fully acceptthe direction w&eh you bave given us. and 1 would wish that my suggestion be considered at the time you think best. 65. glais]: et examinée

1 thank the United Kïngdom representative for his cooperation, and should like once again to ask members of the Council whether 1 may consider that there is no objection and that the agenda set out in the document I mentioned is thus adopted. 66. le représentant ration aux suivante: tiens ment The a@znda IVZW adopfed. L@tkr d*ted 1 Moy 1965 from the Permanent Representotive of tb Union of Soviet Sociolist Republics Lettre, oddressed to the President of the Security Councii (S/6316)

I should like to ask the United Kingdom representative whether he would be kind enough to leave the point he 67. représentant accepterait-il 68. Lord CARADON (United Kingdom): 1 certainly would net raise any objection, Mr. President. to going forward with the suggestion you bave just put to us.

In accordance with the Council’s previous decision 1 now propose to invite the representative of Cuba to take a Seat at the Council table. Al the invitation of fhe Presidenf. Mr. AZfonso MarflRez (Cuba) fook a place af fhe Council fable. ‘70. The PRESIDENT (translated from Russian): 1 bave received two requests for hearinge before the Council. One is from Mr. Ruh& Braohe, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary and representative of the Constitutional Governtnent of the Dominican Republic to the United Nations. His request states: .‘I would very much appreciate if an opporhmity tu make a statement is given to me at the meeting of the Security Council in order to debate the steps that Will be taken concerning the serious developments that bave arisen in the Dominican Republic. “* This letter is dated 20 July 1965. 71. The second request, signed by Mr. Guaroa VeMzquez, Ambassador and Permanent Representative, and dated 20 July 1965, refers to rule 39 of the provisional rules of procedure of the Security Council and asks for Mr. Velazques to be piven a hearing by the Council. 72. 1 would remind you in this connexion that at its 1209th meeting held on 14 May 1965, the Council agreed, after considering similar requests, to invite bath tbese persans to address the Council under the terms of rule 39 of theprovisionalrulesof procedure. and that on 19 May 11212th meeting] the Council did hear them. 73. If 1 hear no objection. 1 shall take it that the members of the Council wish toproceed in accordance with their earlier decision. If was SO decfded.

The United Kingdom representative, speaking on a pointof order, suggested that the Council’s meeting should be resumed this afternoon. If 1 hear no objection, the next meeting of the Council will be at 3.30 p.m. today. II was SO decided. The meeting rose af 12.35 p.m. “Quoted in En@ish by the speaker. “AIN UNITED cotions moy be obtoined distributorr thro out the world. write PC: United ations, Sales Section, COIWIENT SE Pf?OCURER LES PUBLICATIONS Les publications des Nations Unies sont agences dépositaires du monde entier. Informez-vous ou odremwaz-vous B: Nations Unies, Section Los publicocicnes de las Nuciones Unidas ccwx diatribuidoros en todos partes del dirijcrse a: Nacionas Unidas, Seccih Litho in U.N. Price: $U.S. 0.50 (or quivalent in other