S/PV.134 Security Council

You may. Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America): Is it in order for this tirade to continue and to digress into an attack upon the Government of Greece? It seems to me that it is entirely extraneous to the subject under discussion. This is the most astonishing statement to whic!;' I have ever listened in the Security Council. Mr. KOSANOVIC (Yugoslavia): Yugoslavia is here accused, and I have a right to defend my country. The PRESIDENT: The Chair recognizes the right of every accused party to a measure of defence within limits. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from R~ssian): I would ask th~ United States representative not to interrupt the speaker, and to allow us to work in a normal atmosphere. Mr. ]OHNSON (United States of America): I do not recognize the right of the representative 1 Aux 83eme et 84eme s~ances. Voir les l'roccs-verbaull officials flu Comeil de sdcuritt!, Premiere Anllce, Seconde Serie, Nos 25 et 26. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (United Kingdom) : The representative of Yugoslavia says that Yugoslavia has been accused, but no charge is being brought against Yugoslavia on this occasion. The matter on our agenda is really a procedural one regarding the terms of reference which the Commission of Investigation has given to the Subsidiary Group which it was instructed by the Council to set up. We really cannot examine the whole case at this meeting. There has been no fresh accusation brought against Yugoslavia, except incidentally that the Yugoslav representative appears to challenge the right of the Security Geuncil to take the decision which it took LT! AprH. But ! do think that what the United States representative called a tirade against Greece is ~ntirely cut of place today. .

According to our rules of procedure, the Chair finds that any representative has the right to interrupt a speaker, if the Chair so authorizes him. To that extent, I believe that the United States representative had a right to make his objection, because it was with the consent of the Chair. I would add that the statement of the Yugoslav representative seems to me to be important and, apart from challenging the right of the Security Council to act in this matter, I feel that it would be to the be..'lt advantage of the Security Council to allow a full exposition of the Yugoslav representative's point of view, even if he went, to a certain extent, into matters not entirely relevant to the case under discussion today. Je voudrais ajouter que la declaration du representant de la Yougoslavie me semble importante et j'estime que, sans parler de la question de la IegaIite de l'action du Conseil de securite en cette matiere, Iegalite que l'orateur conteste, le Consell aurait le plus grand interet a permettre au representant de la Yougoslavie d'exposer son point de vue complt~tement, meme si, jusqu'a un certain point, il abordait des sujets qui ne concernent pas tout afait la question que nous discutons aujourd'hui. M. ]OHNSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) (traduit de l'anglais) : J'accepte volontiers la decision du President, et n'ai pas d'autre observation a presenter. Je desire remercierle President d'avoir fait clairement ressortir que c'est avec sa permission que j'ai souleve la question d'ordre et intert:0mpu le representant de la Yougoslavie. Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America): I gladly accept the ruling of the Chair and have no further comment to make. I should like to express my appreciation to the Chair for making clear on the record that when I first raised the point of order and interrupted the representative of Yugoslavia, it was with the permission of the Chair. The PRESIDENT: To make the position of the Chair clearer, I should like to add, that from the very beginning of the last meeting I took the initiative in suggesting that we should give the Albanian, Bulgarian, anq Yugoslav Governments the opportunity to make clear their points of view before we discussed the question. For that very reason, I feel I am more than justified in requesting the representatives of those Governments to ensure that similar incidents do not occur in future. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : Je desire ajouter, pour preciser mon point de vue,·que des le debut de la derniere seance, j'ai pris l'initiative de proposer qu'avant toute discussion, nous donnions aux Gouvernements de l'Albanie, de la Bulgarie et de la Yougoslavie la possibJ1i.te d'exprimer clairement leurs points de vue.. C'est pourquoi je m'e~time d'autant plus autorise a demander aux rep...:sentants de ces Gouvernements de veiller a ce que de pareils incidents ne se renouvellent pas. Mr. KOSANOVIC (Yugoslavia): I am sorry; I· M. KOSANOVIC (Yougoslavie) (traduit de am not convinced that I caused this incident. l'anglais): Je regrette, mais je ne pense pas etre This is a very important political problem; it I la cause de cet incident. II s'agit ici d'un probleme May I continue my statement, Mr. President?

Yes. Mr. KOSANOVIC (Yugoslavia): What serious purpose can there be in continuing the investigation oJ possible incidents which may take place here and there? I respectfully submit that this great body, entrusted with the peace of the world, should concern itself not with incidents but with the real basic cause of incidents and conditions .. which endanger the peace~ This body should concern itself,with the whole atmosphere in Greece; indeed, while the Commission of Investigation has been at work studying incidents, civil strife did not diminish but grew throughout Greece, Crete and other islands. You all remember the recent occurrence, even while the Commission was in Greece" when a band of rightists broke into a 'prison in the southern part of the country, seized and lynched over one hundred political prisoners. I shall not cite Yugoslav evidence of the repressive, undemocratic character of the pr~ent regime, which we believe to be the chief cauSe of present disturbances and which, in spite of the presence of the Commission of Investigation, did not even attempt to change its methods of rule. Permit me, instead, to quote from sources which occupy a place of respect in the United States. Mr. Arthur Krock devoted his entire column in the New York Times of 1 April 1947 to reports which, he'said, reached Washington daily con- , ceming the reactionary and repressive characterof the present Greek Government. He quotes many examples similar to the following: "All responsible and, reasonably disinterested Americans with whom 1 have talked in Greece felt that our money would go down a rat-hole unless political stability accompanies economic stabilizing, and that any stability is simply unobtainable under the present government and possibly not without new elections following a general 3Illllesty." . Mr. W. H. Lawrence of the New York Times, writing from Salonika on 22 March 1947, said: It seenls to me that the Yugoslav representative is taking advantage of the opportunity he ·has to ' express his case before the Council for bringing in :u-guments and comments on the situation contained in the United States Press. Mr. KOSANOVIC (Yugoslavia): I am sorry, but these quotations are relevant to the situation in Greece and the Balkans. What is the situation in,Greece? 'Wbo is provoking civil war? Yugoslavia? Albania? Bulgaria? Or is the internal situation of Greece responsible? I am not quoting from Yugoslav but from United States sources.

You are referring to United States commentators. Mr. KOSANOVIC (Yugoslavia): I am quoting commentators. If I am to Oimt many quotations, may I just quote Mr. Themistoc1es Sophoulis? In the New York Herald Tribune of 10 May 1947, Mr. Seymour Freidin wrote from Athens: "Mr. Themistocles SC?phoulis, venerable leader of the Central Liberal Party, told thi'l correspondent tonight that, since the Government's policy has been proved a failure, it will be impossible to conduct a government headed by these same elements." Areport on Greek conditions by the Twentieth Century Forum, an Ainerica,n organization, appearing in the New York Herald Tribune on 11 May 1947 stated: "Freedom from fear nowhere exists. There can be no great freedom of discussion where freedom from fear is so noticeably lacking." . Mr. Stanley Ryan, Press Officer of the United - M. Stanley Ryan, fonctionnaire de presse de Nations with the Commission of Investigation, l'Organisation des Nations Unies aupres de la says in his dispatch. • . Commission d'enquete, <lit, dans sa depeche ..'. The PRESIDENT: May I request the speaker Le PRESIDENT (traduit de ['anglais): Puis-je to limit his remarks ~o the attitud~ of the Yugodemander a l'orateur de se bomer a exposer le slav Government on the question of the Subsidpoint de vue du Gouvernement yougo"lave sur iary Group. The opinions which we may form la question du Groupesubsidiaire? L'opinion que after the report has been presented to us by the nous pourrons nous faire apres avoir re~ule rap- Commission constitute an entirely different port de"q Commission constitue unequestion enmatter. tiereme< differente. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Re- M. GROMYKO (Union de; Republiques sociapublics), (translated from Russian) : I would like !istes sovietiques) (traduit du russe) : Je voudrais to knowwhy the Yugoslav representative is being savoir pourquoi on ne permet pas au representant debarred from stating his views on the question de la Yougoslavie d'exposer son point de vue sur under discussion. On the basis of which provisions la question. Sur qu~nes dispositions de la Charte' of the Charter or which, rules of procedure is the ou du reglement interieur'se fonde-t-on ici lors- Yugoslav representative's right to state his views qu'on veut restreindre le droitdu representant being restricted here? I consider that no such yougoslave de faire des dec1ara,tions? J'estime restrictions exist. It is the business of every reprequ'aucune restriction de ce genre n'existe. Chasentative to say what he likes on the subject under que representant est libre de.dire, au sujet de cette discussion, and not what the other members of I' question,'ce q,ue. bon lui s.emble et n.on pas C.f:., the Security Council would like him to say. • que voudraient 1'entendre dire les autresmembrei5 . ' du donseil de securite. Le texte du Twentieth Century Foru"!-, tribune libre americaine, publie dans le New York Herald Tribune du 11 mai 1947, contenait ce qui suit sur la situation en Grece: "Nulle'part on n'est a l'abri de la peur. n ne .peut y avoir,vraiment de liberte de discussion si la. peur regne ace point." Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics} (translated from Russian): I would nevertheless ask the President to bring some order into the discussion of this question. I feel that this discussion can only take place under normal conditions. We shall only hamper the discussion if we bring confusion into it. There is no reason for preventing any member of the Council, or any representative invited to attend a meetin~, from stating his position regarding any question under discussion at a meeting of the Security,Council.

I am pleased to comply with the wishes of the Soviet Union representative. Rule 30 states: "If a representative rm.ses a point of order, the President shall immediately state his ruling. If it is challenged, the President shall submit his ruling to the Security Council for immediate decision and it shall stand unless overruled." I therefore submit my ruling to the Council. The Chair considers that it is not relevant to the case to go into the discussion of the United States commentators' points of view on the internal situation in Greece, since it is being discussed in conformity with the invitation issued to the Yugoslav representatve. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (United Kingdom) : May I make one observation about item 2 of our agenda? It may be that some misunderstanding has been caused by the fact that it is headed "the Greek question". But would you not rule that the actual subject matter of item 2 consists of those two documents under paragraphs (a) and (b) which relate solely to a particular aspect of the case: namely,the functions and --powers of the Subsidiary Group? As the Yugoslav J:.~.t>resenta­ tive reminded us, we are awaiting and expecting almost immediately the report of the Commission on the whole situation. It seems to me that we would be anticipating the report if we indulged .. now-in a ·discu...c:sion of the whole question. That question .has already been dealt with once by the Security Council, which is now awaiting the report of the Commission of Investigation. Does the Chair not rule th~t our. discussion today should be confined·to paragraphs (a) and (b) of item 2? . Mr. KATZ-SUCHY (Poland): I believe it is most regrettable that this first interruption occurred during our debate and was followed by the matter which we are nClw discussing. M. GROMYKO (Union des Rcpubliques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe) : Je voudrais tout de meme demander au President de bien vouloir mettre de l'ordre dans nos debats. Je crois qu'on ne saurait examiner la question qu'en travaillant dans une atmosphere normale. Si nous apportons du desordre dans notre discussion, elle n'en sera que plus difficile. Il n'y a aucune raison d'empecher un membre du Conseil ou un representant invite par le Conseil d'exposer son attitude a. l'egard d'une question que le Conseil de securite examine. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : J'accederai avec plaisir au desir du representant de l'Union sovietique. L'article 30 declare: "Si un representant souleve une question d'ordre, le President se prononce immediatement sur ce point. S'il y a contestation, le President en refere au Conseil de securite pour decision immediate et la regIe qu'il a proposee est maintenue, a moins qu'elle ne soit annulee." J'en refere donc au Conseil. Etant do::mt .la question que nous examinons ici, et l'invitation que nous avons adressee 3. ce sujet au representant de la Yougoslavie, j'estime qu'il ne convient pas de se laisser entrainer a des discussions sur les commentaires de la presse des Etats-Unis sur la situation interieure en Grece. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (Royaumi-Uni) (traduit de l'anglais) : Puis-je presenter une observation a. propos du point 2 de notre ordre du jour? Ce point s'intitule "la question grecque"; ce titre a peut-etre cause quelques malentendus. Vous pourriez peut-etre decider que le point 2 porte strictement sur les deux documents mentionnes aux alineas a) et b}, qui con~ernent un seul aspect de cette affaire: les fonctions et pouvoirs du Groupe subsidiaire. Comme le representant de la Yougoslavie nous l'a rappeIe, nous attendons incessamment le rapport de la Commission sur l'ensemble de la situation en Grece. Il me semble que ce serait devancer le rapport que de nous laisser aller maintenant a. discuter l'ensemble de la question. Le Conseil de securite s'est deja occupe une fois de cette question, et attend maintenant le ,rapport de la Commission d'enquete. Il serait bon que le Presiden,t decide que la discussion d'aujourd'hui doit se limiter aux paragraphes a) et b) du point 2. M. KATz-SUCHY (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais): Il est tres regrettable, a mon avis, que cette premiere interruption se soit produite au cours de notre discussion, et qu'on l'ait fait suivre de la question que nous discutons maintenant. We have been discussing this subject during several meetings, and, I believe, practically from the beginning of its e.."Cistence, the Security Council has been seized of it. Therefore, if any of the representatives here find it necessary to bring forward c~rtain arguments in support of their case relating to the internal situation in Greece, we cannot expect to bar them from speaking. It is not the fault of any of the members of this Council that the internal situation in Greece has so often been a subject of discussion here. I would suggest that we should proceed with the discussion by permitting the representative of Yugoslavia to finish his statement; this will create a much better possibility of coming to a speedy solution of the problem. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russia1!-): I addressed which I stated anl0ng other things: "In connexion with the decision taken by the Commission of Investigation concerning Greek Frontier Incidents on 29 April . . . I have the honour to ask you to put on the agenda of the next meeting of the Security Council the 'Greek question' ..."1 Je propose que nous poursuivions la discussion et que nous permettions au representant de la Yougoslavie de terminer sa df.claration j nous pourrons ainsi, beaucoup plus so.l'ement, aboutir rapidement a la solution du probleme. M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): Le 7 mai dernier, rai adresse au Secretaire general une lettre dans laquelle je disais notamment: "A propos de la decision prise le 29 avril par la Commission d'enqu@te sur les incidents survenus ala frontiere grecque ... , j'ai l'honneur de vous demander de bien vouloir porter la "question grecque" al'ordre du jour de la prochaine seance du Conseil de securite1•••" C'est en relation avec'la decision de la Commission en date du 29 avril que nous examinons cette question. Que <:ela plaise ou non a certains, c'est la une autre affaire. Mais c'est bien en relation avec la decision prise le 29 avril par la Commission que nous examinons cette question, et il n'y a aucune raison d'empecher un membre du Conseil ou un representant d'un Gouvernement, qui a ete invite, d'exposer son point de vue. 11 n'y a aucune raison pour que le President prenne ici une nouve1le decision. J'ai le plus grand respect pour les pouvoirs de notre President, comme d'ailleurs pour les pouvoirs de tout president, mais il est des questions qu'un president ne saurait trancher, et apropos desquelles il ne saurait etablir une nouve11e regIe. Tout membre du Conseil et tout representant invite par le Conseil a le droit de faire les declarations qu'il estime necessaireSj c'est pourquoi il n'y a pas lieu pour le President d'etablir ici une nouvelle regie. Je demande au President de permettre au representant de la Yougoslavie de poursuivre son expose. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Je vais prier le representant de la Yougoslavie de continuer sa declaration, en tenant compte des discus... sions qui viennent de se derouler. Mais, je voudrais auparavant ec1aircir un ou deux points a . ce sujet. ' We are discussing this question in connexion with the Committee's decision of 29 April. Whether anybody likes this or not is another matter, but the fact remains that this question is being discussed ill conjunction with the Committee's decision, and there is no reason for not permitting either a member of the Council or the invited representative of any Government to state his views. ' There is no necessity for the President to introduce a new ruling. I have the greatest respect for the authority of our President, and indeed of all Presidents, but there are certain questions which the President cannot decide, and on which he cannot give a new ruling. It is the right of every member of the Council or invited representative to make a statement on any question he considers desirable. Therefore there is no reason for giving any new ruling. I therefore ask the President to allow the Yugoslav representative to continue his speech. , The PRESIDENT: The Chair is very pleased to allow the representative of Yugoslavia to continue with his remarks, taking into account the sense of the previous discussion. But the Chair would like to clarify one or two points concerning this discussion. I originally submitted the point of view that, before begjnning this discussion, it w~d be well the invite the representatives of Albania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia to state their views in support of the attitude taken by their Governments in connexion with the organization of the Subsidiary Group. The point of view which' I took was explained more clearly than I had succeeded in doing by Sir Alexander Cadogan: namely, that we were discussing today the aspects of the Grel~k question which were on our agenda. With that idea in mind, I have asked the representative of the Yugoslav Government to confine his remarks to the cablegramfrom the Chairman of the Commission of Investigation and the letters submitted by the Albanian, Bulgarian, and Yugoslav Governments. However, a new point has been brought up by Mr. Gromyko, namely, that his letter mentions the Greek question only in connexion with these communications~ I was going to ask the Council to make a decision as to whether we should discuss the whole Greek question or only the points that are _on our agenda, but, after reading- Mr. Gromyko's letter again, I find that he is right in stating that he submitted that the whole Greek question should be put on the agenda. Mr. Gromyko's letter reads: "In connexion with the decision taken_by the Commission of Investigation concerning Greek Frontier Incidents on 29 April on the terms of reference of the Subsidiary Group of that Commission, I have the honour to ask you to put on the agenda of the next meeting of the Security Council 'the Greek question' that is on the list of matters of which the Security Council is seized." Therefore, to cut this discussion short, I shall give the representative of Yugoslavia the floor, unless the Council rules otherwise, with the understanding that the entire "Greek question'~, as it is phrased in Mr. Gromyko's letter, is under consideration today. Mr.• GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics): I wish to say that I did not have any intention of discussing.the whole Greek question .when I sent my letter to the Secretary-General asking him to include this question on the' agenda .of the Security Council. I intended to bring this matter before the Security <:Jouncil. in order to discuss certain aspects of this question in connexion. with the decision which the Commission of Investigation adopted on ·29 April 1947. I wish to remind the Council that in connexion with the discussion-in the Security Council of the question of so-called aidto Greece and Turkey, the United States representative sent a letter of -77 T - - 3 .lIRIII-il-. 11 eT" J'ai dit, tout au debut, qu'avant d'entamer cette discussion, il y aurait lieu d'inviter les representants de l'Albanie, de la Bulgarie et de la Yougoslavie a exposer leurs vues et a expliquer l'attitude prise par leurs Gouvernements en ee qui eoncerne l'organisation du Groupe subsidiaire. Sir Alexander Cadogan a de£endu mon point de vue, beaucoup mieux que je n'avais reussi a le faire moi-meme, en disant que nous diseutons aujourd'hui des aspects de la question grecque qui figurent a l'ordre du jour. Partant de ce principe, rai demande au representant de la Yougoslavie de limiter ses remarques au cablogramme du President de la Commission d'enquete et aux lettres adressees par les Gouvernements de I~Albanie, de la Bulgarie et de la Yougoslavie. Or, M. Gromykn vient de soulever un autre point en signalant que, dans sa lettre, il ne fait allusion ala question grecque qu'a propos de ces communications. Je voudrais demander au Consell de prendre une decision _sur. la question de savoir si nous devons examiner la question grecque dans son ensemble ou seulement les points anotre ordre du jour; mais en relisant la lettre de M. Gromyko, je constate qu'il a effectivement demande, ainsi qu'il vient de le dire, de porter a l'ordre du jour la question grecque dans son ensemble. Dans sa lettre, M. Gromyko declare: "A propos de la decision prise le 29 avril par la Commission d'enquete sur les incidents survenus a la frontiere grecque quant au mandat de son Groupe subsidiaire, j'ai l'honneur de vous demander de bien vouloir porter al'ordre du jour de la prochaine seance du Conseil de securite, let "quest.ion grecque" qui figure sur la liste des problemes dont est saisi le Conseil de securite." Pour abreger la discussion,· je donne done la parole au representant de III Yougoslavie, a moins que le Conseil n'en decide autrement; il est bien entendu que nous discutons aujourd'hui toute la "question grecque" pour .reprendre les termes de la lettre de M. Gromyko. M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques (traduit de l'anglais): Je tiens avous signaler que ce n'est nullement la question grecque dans son ensemble que j'avais en vue lorsque j'ai envoye au .Secretaire general ma lettre lui demandant d'inscrire £ette question a . l'ordre du jour du Conseil de securite. J'avais l'intention de porter cette affaire devant le Conseilafin qu'il en examine certains a~peets en rela~ tion avec la decision priSe le 29 avriJ 1947 par la Commission d'e~quete. Je voudrais rappeler au Conseil que lors de la discussion au Conseil de slkurite sur la question de ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler l'aidea la Grece et ala Turquie, le representant des Etatsquestion~ Donc, bien que la question grecque, en tant que te1le, figure a l'ordre du jour, nous ne discutons et nous ne discuterons naturellement que certains aspects de cette question en relation avec la decision pdse par la Commission d'enfiuete. A mon avis,il n'y a pas lieu de modifier le texte de notre ordre du jour ou d'y apporter aucun autre changement. Selon moi, la seule procedure correcte est de permettre au representant de la Yougoslavie de prendre la parole et d'achever sa declaration.' . Therefore, despite the fact that the Greek question, as such, figures on the agenda, ,we are naturally discussing and will discuss only certain aspects of this question in connexion with the decision taken by the Commission/of Investigation. I do not think there are any reasons to change the phraseology of our agenda or to make any other changes. I see only one correct way to proceed, namely, to allow the representative of Yugoslavia to speak and to finish his statement. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): n semble que nous soyons arrives a un accord sur cette question. Lorsque j'ai fait valoir que·nous discutions de certains aspects de la question grecqiIe, le representant de l'Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques a replique que l'on devrait permettre au representant de la Yougoslavie de d,iscuter la question grecque dans son ensemble; ensuite, lorsque j'ai dit que, d'apres la lettre de M. Gromyko, la question grecqu~ tout entiere figurait a l'ordre 'du jour et que nous devions discuter cette question dans son ensemble, M. Gromyko a declare qu'a son avis, il n'en etait den et que nous en examinions seulement certains aspects. Voici oil nous en sommes: nous ne discutons que certains aspects de la question grecque. Le representant de la Yougoslavie ne peut traiter de cette question tout entiere; il peut seulement traiter des points flgurant a l'ordre du jour. J'allais demander au Conseil de securite de' decider si, conformement a la lettre de M. Gromyko, nous devions discuter la question'grecque dans son ensemble ou si, nous conformant a l'ordre du jour, nous ne devions endiscuter que certains aspects. M. 'G:ROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduitdu russe): Je tiens a souligner que le President a mal compris ma premiere declaration sur cette question. Je n'ai pas dit que nous examinions l'ensemble de la question

We seem to have reached an understanding on this qu~tion. When the Chair contended that we were discussing certain aspects of the Greek question, the representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics contended !that the representative of Yugoslavia should be allowed to discuss the entire Greek question; then, when I said that according to Mr. Gromyko's letter, the whole Greek question was on the agenda and that we should proceed to discuss the entire question, Mr. Gromyko stated that it was not in his mind to discuss the entire Greek question but only certain aspects of it. This is, the situation: we are discussing only certain aspects of the Greek question. The representative of Yugoslavia cannot go into the entire Greek question, but only into those points that are on the agenda. ' I am going to ask the Security Council to decide whether we should, according to Mr. Gromyko's letter, dist:uss the entire Greek question, or whether we should, according to.the agenda, discuss only certain aspects of it. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (t7anslated from Russian) : I would like to point out that the Pr~sident has misunderstood my first statement on this question~ I did not say that we were discussing the Greek question as a whole. The President should not have quoted me as saying. that. I said that the agenda included the discussion of the Greek question in connexion with the Commission's decision of 29 April. Those were my words. The Yugoslav representative referred to the Greek question in connexion with the Committee's decision of 29 April, that is, he referred to specific aspects of this question. I beg you not to quote me in such a way as to make it impossible for me to recognize m.y own statements. grecqu~. Ce n'est pas ainsi que le President aurait dil me citeI'. J'ai dit que c'~tait en relation avec la decision de la Commission en date du 29 avril que la question grecque avait ete llscrite a l'ordre du jour. Voila ce que j'ai dit. Le representant de la· Yougoslavie dans son expose traite de la question' grecque en relation avec la decision de la Commission en .date du 29 aVril, c'est-a-dire qu'il traite de certains aspects de la question. Je voudrais qu'on ne me citat pas d'une fa~on qui ne me permIt pas de teconnaitre mes' propres paroles. .

I take itthat the sense of the Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Je prei Lettre du representant suppieant des Etats-Unis an Conseil. de securite en date du 25 mar'! 1947 (document S/309). VoIr 1es Proces-verbaux officiels du Conseil de secuTlte, Deuxieme Annee, No 30, page 615. 1 Letter d~ted 25 March 1947 from the deputy United States representative on the Security Council to the Secre'\ Are there ~y objections to tha.t ruling? Colonel HODGSON' (Australia): I raise a point of order. My name has been listed to speak for some time, but I notice that you called on other representatives who did not have their names listed. Mr. Gromyko, fer example, twice inter-' . rupted, and you allowed him to continue speaking, although my name was on the list which is before you.

You are right. I ask to be Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Vons .excused for my oversight. . avez raison. Veuillez me pardonner cette omis- Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics): I apologize. Mr. Quo Tai-chi (China): I also asked for recognition some time ago. Two speakers have been called upon, and I still have not been given the opportunity to speak. Mr.EL-KHOURI (Syria): I am in the same po~tion. The PRESIDENT: May I ask the representatives to excuse my oversight? ·Shall we now continue as I have suggested or do the representatives still wish to speak on the point we'were discussing? Mr. EL-KHOURI (Syria): I no longer wish to speak. ' Colonel HODGSON (Australia) : I am not quite sure whether or not the ruling gives the representative of Yugoslavia a free hand, with some qualifications. I notice that in requesting that "the Greek question" should be placed on the agenda, Mr. Gromvko's letter states: "In connexion with the dr.::cision taken...." Every time a particular aspectand this is a particular aspect-- has been put on our agenda, it has been under the title of "the Greek question". " We certainly. thought that.we were discussing today only those two items listed on the agenda; otherwise, we would not have adopted this provisional agenda,.because we are not ready for a general discussion of the question. Therefore, in the opinion of my delegation, the representative of Yugoslavia was completely out of order ill'raising the questic?ns he did; morevore, we think that . he was quite out of order in challenging the authority of the Security.Oouncil to take the decisian it did. ~on. . M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit de l'anglais): Je m'excuse. M. Quo Tai-chi (Ohine) (traduit de ['anglais): J'ai, moi aussi, demande la parole il.y a un certain temps. Deux orateurs ont ete invites a prendre la parole et je n'ai pas encore eul'occasion de parler moi-meme. M. EL-KHOURI (Syrie) (tr(lduit de l'anglais) : Je me trouve dans la meme situation. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Je demande aux representants d'excuser cette negli": gence de ma part. Allons-nous maintenant poursuivre la discussion comine je l'ai propose, ou les representants desirent-ils encore prendre la parole sur le point que nous discutons? M. EL-KHOURI (Syrie) (traduit de l'anglais): Je renonce a la parole. Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (traduit' de fanglais): Je ne comprends pas trcs hien ~ la decision que vous venez.de prendre laisse ou non les mains libres au representant de la Yougcslavie,sous certaines reserves. Je remarque que la lettre de M. Gromyko demande que "la question grecque" soit inscrite a l'ordre du jour "a propos de la decision prise ..." Chaque fois qu'un aspect particulier de cette question - et il s'agit ici d'un aspect particulier - a ete inscrit a l'ordre du jour, jj a toujours figure sous la rubrique "la quclicion greeque". Nouspensions certainement que nollS ne discuterions aujourd'hui.que les deux points inscrits a l'.ordre du jour; autreinent~ nous n'aurions pas adopte cet ordre du jour provis<:>ire, car nous ne sommes pas prets a aborderime discussion generale de cette question. De l'avis de ma deIet:{ation, le repr=ntant de1a Yougoslavie s'es~ done tout a fait eearte en soulevant certains points; en outre, nousestimons qu'il est tout a fait en dehors du sujet de notre discussion d'aujourd'hui lorsqu'il conteste l'autorite de la decision prise par le Conseil de securite. Toutefois, etant donne qu'il est tenement sorti Mr. KATz-SUCHY (Poland): If it is your ruling that the representative of Yugoslavia should continue, there is no need for me to speak. I had wanted to move formally that we should discontinue the disct!SSion of the pomt of order raised by the representative of the United States.

We shall now return to the discussion and to the original pomt' of view of 'Lne Chair that the Yugoslav representative should confine his remarks to the pomts on our agenda. Mr. KOSANOVIC (Yugoslavia): What I had intended to explam was directly connected with this problem. I wish to discuss one aspect of the Greek problem, not the whole question; however, it is impossible to understand developments if I do not underline some of the special conditions which exist m Greece. My whole speech would have lasted five minutes; I am sorry to have lost so much time. . I am omitting the quotations from the United States Press, but I cannot omit a quotation from one of the highest authorities - the Secretary of State, Mr. George Marshall: "The road to recovery is a difficult one, calling for ,the same unity .and mutual confidence required for resistance to armed attack. No country divided against itself can hope to solve problems which are national m scope and whicli affect all citizens, and not merely those of one political party or belief." . In the face of such abundant evidence, who can believe that to continue to occupy ourselves 'with .iSolated "mcidentS" here and there will really lead us to the root of the trouble? Is it not true. rather, that such preoccupation would merely keep alive a nervous condition? That is the real'ion, rather than the investigation of the "incidents", why we consider that the contmuation of the work of the Commission of Investiga;. tion through a subsidiary group would' not help to solve this problem. Permit me to quote from the remarks which I made on· 19 December 1946 before the Security Council.1 I said: "If the commission goes with instructions to investigate only the border incidents in Greece, this will not lead to the removal of the roots of the evil. The representative of the United Kingdom, Sir Alexander Cadogan, said: 'There is a smouldering fire' in this area. The representative of Australia used the same analogy. He said: 'We would say that we can see smoke. Further than that, we can sense a very strong smell of something burning.' Exactly; but we must not fight the sparks or the smoke of the fire; we must fight the heart of the fire. If we go in the opposite direction, the fire will spread. This is similar to a case of a contagious disease. It is necessary to :find the right diagnosis and the centre of infection and not to try to fight the symptoms. In the case of a dangerous disease, it is very harmful to prescribe an antidote for the symptoms rather than to trace the disease from the symptoms." Since the diagnosis has been definitely establishe~ what need is there to search for further symptoms? We, the neighbours of Greece, are accused of provoking civil war in Greece. We wish to have this accusation removed as soon as possible, as it is unwarranted, and we likewise wish that the poisoning of the Balkan atmosphere with actions such as those that are taking place in Greece today should be prevented. When that is done, when it is possible for the Greek people to express freely its democratic will without pressure from the outside, all causes of unrest will be eliminated. Extension of the investigation, particularly towards the :neighbours of Greece, leads public opinion to incorrect conclusions which are damaging to Greece, to the Balkans and to the United Nations. On the other hand, it prolongs the life in power of those eiements which are not entitled to it. either on account of their record dunng t4e war or on account of the support of the free Will of the·Greek people. Yugoslavia is a loyal Member of the United Nations. It pursues a poJicy. of peace, not only by taking an active part In the United Nations, but also by efforts to maintain the best p~" ::;ible relations with all democratic countries J to strengthen co-operation with them and with neighbouring countries in particular, including even Italy and Hungary which fought on' the side of Hitler. Yugoslavia has never waged war against Greece. On the contrary, Greece and Yug~slavia have fought on the same side from the First Balkan War to the Second World War. Our policy of peace with our neighbours persists today in spite of any efforts to cast doubt Le fait d'etendre l'enquete, en particulier auX voisins de la Grece, conduit l'opinion publique a formuler des conclusions erronees qui font tort a la Grece, aux pays des Balkans et a l'Organisation des Nations Unies. D'autre' part, on maintient amsi aupouvoir des elements dont la presence· ne se justifie m par leur activite pendant la guerre, ni par l'appui que leur apporterait, de son plein gre, le peuple grec. La Yougoslavie est un Membre loyal de l'Organisation des' Nations Unies. Elle poursuit une politique de paix, non seulement en prenant une part active a l'reuvre de l'Organisation des-Nations Unies, mais aussi en s'effor~ant de rester dans les meilleurs termes possibles avec tous les pays democratiques et de renforcer sa collaboration avec eux, et en partictllier avec les pays voisins, meme l'Italie et la Hongrie, qui ont combattu aux cotes d'Hitler. La Yougoslavie n'a jam.ais fait la guerre a la Grece. Au contraire, la Grece et la Yougoslavie ont.combattu cote a cote depuis la premiere guerre des Balkans jusqu'a la ··seconde guerre· mo:ndiale. Nous continuons In conclusion, perwit me to affirm once again the principles of democracy and peace which govern the foreign policy of Yugoslavia, conforwing to the history of my country and to the principles upon which it is founded, and to the spirit of the Charter of the United Nations. Colonel HODGSON (Australia): Could I, through the Chair, ask the representative of Yugoslavia if he would kindly read the quotation from the Press Officer who was a member of the United Nations Secretariat attached to the Com- Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (traduit de l'anglais): POurrais-jf) vous prier, Monsieur le President, de demander au repres::ntant de la Yougoslavie de bien vouloir domier lecture de la communicationdu fonctionnaire de presse, membre du Secretariat des Nations Unies et attache ala Comwission d'enquete? mi~sion of Investigation? Mr. KOSANOVIC (Yugoslavia): Mr. Stanley Ryan, Press Officer with the Commission of Investigation, in his r1i"'patch of 18 Februal'y 1947, quoted Mr. Tsirimokos, secretary-general of the Greek Socialist Party, which does not belong to the EAM. Mr. Tsirimokos claimed in his statement that: M. KOSANOVIC (Yougoslavie) (traduit de ranglais): Dans une depeche en date du 18 fevrier 1947, },tI. Stanley Ryan, foncnonnairede presse_fLupres de la Commission dlenquete, a cite M. Tsiriniokos, secretaire general du parti socialiste grec, qui ne fait pas parti~ de l'EAM. Dans sa declaration, M. Tsirimokos a <lit ceci: "La source de toutes les difficultes que rencontre actuellement le mouvement travailliste en Grece reside dans le fait, que la Grece a pris part a Lme guerre antifasciste sous la direction d'un gouvernement fasciste. Des persecutions politiques sur une grande echelle sevissent actuellement dans toute la Grece; la majorite monarchiste du Parlemeni. s'efforce de ~egaliser la terreur et, a l'abri d'une fa~adedemocratique, a Athenes, le Parlement promulgue des lois fascistes ... "The source of alllabvur's present troubles in Greece is the fact that Greece fought an antifascist war under a fascist government. Largescale political persecution is now rampant throughout Greece; the Monarchist majority in the Parliament is legalizing terror, and behind the democratic fa~ade in Athens, Parliament. ispromulgating fascist laws... "British responsibility for today's trouble in Greece is undeniable." "La responsabilite de la Grande-Bretagne dans les troubles actuels en Grece est incontestable." The .PRESIDENT: I understand that the Australian representative wishes to make a short explanation in regard to Mr. Ryan's report, before I call upon the Albanian representative. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Jecrois que le representant de l'Australie desire, avant que je donne la parole au representaIit de I'Al banie, faire une breve declaration concernant le rapport de M. RY4lll. Colonel HODGSON (Australia): In regard to my request to the representative of Yugoslavia, I think one point should be made quite clear, in justice to· Mr. Ryan. Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (traduit de I'anglais): En ce qqi concerne ma demande adressee all:. representant de la Yougoslavie, j'estime qu'il est necessaire de rendre justlcea M. Ryan sur un point. _ La plupart d'entre nous - smon tous - ont eu l'impression, ou ont conclu, d'apres l'expose du representant de la Yougoslavie, que la ,declaration de M. Tsirimokos avait ete faite personnellement a M. Ryan au cours d'une entrevue; or, cette declaration a. et6 faite publiquement devant la Commission reunie en·seance pIeniere Most,·if not all, of us received the impression or drew the inference from the representative of Yugoslavia that the statement of Mr. Tsirb:nokos had been made to Mr. Ryan personally in the course of some interview; however, that state... ment was made in open session before the. full Commission of Investigation, and, as such, it was i~ now adjourned. The next meeting will be on Tuesday at 10:30 a.m. Argentina-Argentine Editorial Sudamerlcana S.A. Alsina 500 BUENOS AmEs Ecuador-Equateur Mufioz Hermanos y Cia Nueve de Octubre 703 Casilla 10-24 GUAYAQUIL Australia-Australie H. A. Goddard Pty. Ltd. 255a George Street SYDNEY Egypt.~Egypte Librairie ''La Renaissance d'Egypte" 9 Sh. 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