S/PV.172 Security Council

Friday, Aug. 1, 1947 — Session 2, Meeting 172 — New York — UN Document ↗ OCR ✓ 9 unattributed speechs
This meeting at a glance
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UN Security Council discussions UN membership and Cold War General statements and positions Security Council deliberations Syrian conflict and attacks

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Proces-verbaux officiels du Conseil de securite,
Premiere Annee, Premiere Serie, Supplement
The agenda was adopted.

268. Continuation of the discussion on the Il"Idonesian question

At the invitation of the President, Mr. B. R. Sen, representative of India, and Mr. van KlefJens, representative of the Netherlands, took their seats at the Council table.
L'ordre du jour est adopte.

268. Suite de la discussion sur la question indonesienne

Sur l'invitation du President, M. Sen, repre- sentant de l'Inde et Al. van KlefJens, represen- tant des Pays-Bas, prennent place ala table du . Conseil.
The President unattributed #129092
Before calling upon the representative of the United ,Kingdom, I wish to draw the, attention of the Council to the fact that the matter now before us is the draft resolution presented by the Australian delegation1 calling for the cessation of hostilities forthwith. At the hundred and seventy-first meeting, yesterday, the representative of the Netherlands presented an objection as regards the competence and jurisdiction of the Security Council in this matter.1 He is now supported by the representative of Belgium, who is a member of the Security Council. But so long as there is no written proposal or motion to that effect, I cannot put it to the vote. Rule 38 of the rules of procedure of the Security Council states: "Any Member of the United Nations invited in accordance with the preceding rule or in application of Article 32 of the Charter to participate in the discussions of the Security Council may submit proposals and draft resolutions. These proposals and draft resolutions may be put to a vote only at the request of a representative of the Security Council." As there is nothing of that nature before us, I ask the representatives to confine their discus- Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Avant de donner la parole au representant du Royaume-Uni, je tiens a faire remarquer au Conseil que le document que nous avans a ttudier est le projet de resolution presente par la delegation australiennel, qui demande la cessation immediate des hostilites. Au cours de la cent-soixante et onzieme seancel, le representant des Pays-Bas a fait une objection relative a la competence du Conseil de securite en la matiece. Le representant de la Belgique, qui est membre du Conseil de securite, appuie maintenant son objection. Mais, comme il n'y a pas de proposition ecrite ni de motion a ce sujet, je ne peux la mettre aux voix. L'."lrticle 38 du reglement interieur du Conseil de securite declare: "Tout Membre des Nations Unies convie, conformement aux dispositions de l'article precedent ou en vertu de l'Article 32 de la Charte, a participer aux discussions du Conseil de secu'rite, peut presenter des propositions ou des projets de resolution. Ces propositions et ces projets de resolution ne peuvent ctre mis aux voix que si un representant au Conseil de securite en fait la demande." Aucune proposition de ce genre ne nous a ete soumise. Je dernande done aux membres du Mr. VAN KLEFFENS (Netherlands): I beg leave to inform the Council that I understand that the offer of good offices has definitely been made by the United States Government. That being so, I have been authorized by my Government to make the following declaration: The Netherlands Governm~nt warmly welcomes the offer of good offices made by the Government of the United St?tes of America, an offer which the Netherlands Government gladly accepts. In view thereof, the Netherlands Government will be glad to enter into consultation with the Government of the United States of America in respect of the manner in which these good offices can best be made effeCTIve. Mr. VAN LANGENHOVE (Belgium) (~:l-nslated from French): I am an amenable member of the Council and am always prepared to defer to the Chair. I would, however, b~g to point out with all due respect that the question of the Council's competence is implicit in the resolution tabled by the Australian delegation which we are now discussing. Hence, I think it is difficult to exclude it frem the debate, even though we have no other resolution' on this specific point. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Nous discutons la question de la competence du Conseil a propos de la resolution de la delegation australienne. Le representant de la Belgique l'a traitee a fond, et d'autres representants vont parler sur le meme sujet. Je ne peux pas mettre aux voix une resolution etablissant que 1... question n'entre pas dans la competence du Conseil de securite, a moins qu'on ne presente une resolution a cette fin.
The President unattributed #129095
The question of competence is being disc~ssed within the framework of the resolution of the Australian delegation. The Belgian representative has discussed it thoroughly, and others are going to speak on it. I cannot put to a vote a resolution that the question is not within the competence of the Security Council unless there is a resolution to that effect. Mr. LAWFORD (United Kingdom): Yesterday, at the hundred and seventy-first meeting, the Netherlands representative declared that in the view of his Government, the Indonesian Republic is not a sovereign State. It is true that his Government has accorded to the Republic, under the Linggadjati Agreement, de facto recognition of its authority over Java, Sumatra, and Madura; that is to say de facto authority over a certain territory under an agreement by which that territory and the Netherlands Government are to co-operate in the establishment of a future federal State, of which the Indonesian Republic is to be only one component part. Dr. van KIeffens has argued from that that the Security Council has 'not the requisite authority for intervening in this question, since this is a matter of M. LAWFORD (Royaume-Uni) (traduit de l'anglais): Le representant des Pays-Bas a declare hier, au cours de la cent-soL'{ante et onzieme seance, que son Gouvernement ne considere pas la Republique d'Indonesie comme un Etat 80uverain. Il est exact que, aux termes de l'Accord de Linggadjati, son Gouvernement a reconnu l'autorite de facto de la Republique d'Indonesie sur Java, Sumatra et Madoura, c'est-a-dire l'autorite de facto de la Republique d'Indonesie sur un certain territoire, a la suite d'un accoro aux termes duquel ce territoire et le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas doivent cooperer a la creation d'un Etat federal dont la Republique d'Indonesie ne sera qu'une des parties constituantes. S'appuyant sur cet argument, M. van Kleffens a declare que le Conseil de M. YAN KLEFFENS (Pays-Bas) (traduit de l'anglais): Je d€sirerais informer le Conseil que l'offre de bons offices des Etats-Unis est, si. je ne me trompe, presentee d'une maniere definitive. Dans ces conditions, mon Gouvernement m'a autorisc a faire la declaration suivante: Le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas accueille avec f..:wpressement l'offre de bons offices du Gouvernement des Etats-Unis d;Ame.lque et ill'accepte avec joie. C'est pourquoi le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas sera tout pret a se mettre d'accord avec le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis d'Amerique sur la fa~on dont ces bons offices pourront s'exercer avec le plus de succh M. VAN LANGENHOVE (Belgique): Je suis un membre discipline du Conseil et je suis toujours pret a m'inc!iner devant l'autorite presidentielle. Je voudrais, cependant, faire respectueusement observer que la question de la competence du Conseil est implicitement posee par la resolution presentee par la delegation de l'Australie et qui est actuellement en question. Des lors, il me semble qu'il est difficile de l'exclure du debat, meme a de£aut cl'une autre resolution visant expressement ce point. The United Kingdom delegation, for reasons which I hope I shall make clear, is not at this juncture concerned to comment on this question. However, like my Belgian colleague, I shall only say that so far we have not heard any really convincing arguments to persuade us that this is a war between two sovereign States. In our view, what we are conGerned with there is a situation resulting from the fighting which has been taking place in Java and Sumatra, which, given the particular circumstance;; now obtaining, may for economic or political reasons lead to international friction in that area. I think it could not be denied that the repercussions of recent events in the Republic of Indonesia in neighbouring Asia and Australasia have been very serious, and that the situation is one which might conceivably at any time actually endanger international peace and security. In our view, therefore, it is not Article 39 but rather Articles 34 and 35 which would be applicable to this case, not as a dispute between the N~therlands and the Indonesian Republic, but because the fighting in progress may well create a situation leading to international friction. However, an important fact has emerged since we began our discussion. While my Government fully understands the view of our Australian and Indian colleagues that this ~ a case requiring urgent consideration, and while we certainly recognize their interest in this matter, I was if I may say so fully in accord with what the French representative said in our discussion at the hundred and seventy-first meeting yesterday, to wit, that it was really not possible to try and come to a decision on this question in such a hurry that we did not even have time to hear the representative of the Netherlands make his explanatory statement. We have now heard his statement. In it the Netherlands representative told us that if the helping hand of a nation such as the United States of America were held out in the interests of conciliation, the Netherlands Government would take it. Shortly afterwards the United States representative informed us that his Government has in fact just offered its good offices, and this morning we have heard from Mr. van Kleffens that the Netherlands Government gladly accepts them. in our view, such a development would obviate the necessity for action by the Security Council at this juncture, since it is quite evidently, for the time being at any rate, the course best calculated to remove the risk that this situation will give rise to international friction, and Pour des raisons sur lesquelles j'espere m'expliquer clairement, la delegation du Royaume- Uni ne desire pas se prononcer pour l'instant sur cette question. Comme moncom:gue belge, je me contenterai de dire que, jusqu'a maintenant, le Conseil n'a entendu aucun argument vraiment convaincant qui puisse le persuader qu'il s'agit la d'une guerre entre deux Etats souverains. A notre avis, la situation dont nous nous occupons en ce moment resulte des combats qui se deroulent a Java et Sumatra et risque, etant donne les circonstances particulieres qui prevalent actuellement, et pour des raisons economiques et politiques, de provoquer une tension internationale dans cette region. On ne peut nier, je crois, l'extreme gravite des repercussions, dans les regions voisines d'Asie et d'Australie, des evenements qui viennent de se derouler dans la Republique d'Indonesie. On ne peut non plus nier que cette situation risque a tout moment, et on peut aisement concevoir pourquoi, de mettre en reel danger la paix et la securite internationales. En consequence, nous estimons que ce n'est pas l'Article 39 qui devrait s'appliquer a ce cas, mais les Articles 34 et 35; non pas parce qu'il s'agit d'un differend entre les Pays-Bas et la Republique d'Indcnesie, mais parce que la lutte qui se poursuit risque de provoquer des incidents de portee internationale. Toutefois, un fait important s'est produit depuis le debut de la discussion. Mon Gouvernement comprend parfaitement le point de vue de mes collegues australien et hindou, et admet que Ja question exige qu'on l'examine d'urgence; nous nous rendons egalement tres bien compte de l'interet qu'ils portent a cette question, mais je suis, si je puis dire, pleinement d'accord aveC le representant de la Franc~ qui a declare, au cours de la ceut-soixante et onzieme seance, qu'il etait vraiment impossible de regh;r la question de'maniere si hative que nous n'ayons meme pas le temps d'entendre les explications du representant des Pays-Bas. Nous avons maintenant entendu sa declaration. Il a declare que, si une nation comme les Etats-Unis d'Amerique proposait sa mediation, le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas accepterait cette offre. Peu apres, le representant des Etats-Unis nous a fait savoir que son Gouvernement venait effectivement de proposer ses bons offices et, ce matin, M. van Kleffens nous a dit lui-meme que le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas acceptait cette offre avec joie. A notre avis, cette far;on de proceder epargnerait au Conseil de securite la necessite d'intervenir en l'occurrence; il est evident que la mediation est, pour le moment du moins, la meilleure far;on de proceder pour supprimer le risque de voir cette situation engendrer des inci- Mr. ]OHNSON (United States of Ame:ica): The Austra:1ian resolution as it is ItOW worded is a document which, in· ~he understanding of my delegation, has an objective with which we have great sympathy. The invocation of Articles 40 and 39, however, raises very complex and serious questions of law. The question of sovereignty, and the question of the competence of this Council to deal with the case, have been brought up by the representative of the Netherlands and, in our opinion, also merit the respectful attention of the Council. These are very important questions. The fact that there is shooting, and that men are being killed in that region of the world is also very important. Thus it is a legitimate concern of the Security Council, no matter what concept of sovereignty is involved or what rr.ay ultimately be decided to be the fact. The scale on which shooting is taking place anywhere is one of the criteria which the Council may take into consideration in decidiag what action it ought to take. For instance. in unsettled times, a band of wicked and purposeful men might very well be armed and gain control over a large territory. They might have such complete control that the people of that region would have no recourse against them. They might even set themselves up and call themselves a State. I do not think that even the most humanitarian and peace-loving Members of the United Nations would argue that the lawful and legitimate Government of that region might not use arms to put down that band of wicked and lawless men and to release the people of that territory from their tyranny and oppression. It would be no argument to say that those men had constituted themselves into a State and that it was war. No one, I believe, would take such an argument seriously. In this case, however, we have a region which is called the Republic of Indonesia. It is planned that, later on, it shaH be one of the constituent subsidiary States of a larger federated republic of Indonesia. It seems to me quite unnecessary for th:; Council to decide now on the complex question of the sovereignty of the Netherlands Government. My Government, after careful study of this case, might decide that the Netherlands Government's contention was entirely correct in law. I am taking no stand and making no commitment on that point at the present M. JOHNSON (Etats-Uni'l d'Amerique) (traduit de l'ang1aisj: Ma delegation approuve chaleureusement les intentions manifestees, croitelle, dans la resolution australienne sous sa forme actuelle. Mais, en invoquant les Articles 39 et 40, cette resolution pose des problemes d'ordr~ juridique tres complexes et tres serieux. Le representant des P?ys-Bas a souleve le probleme de la souverainete et ce1ui de la competence de ce Conseil en la matihe; ces probleme3 meritent, amon avis, toute l'attention du Conseil. lIs sont, en dfet, extremement importants. Mais il est un fait 0.ui est important aussi: dans ceUe partie du monde, on se bat et des hommes sont tues. C'est a juste titre que le Conseil de securite s'interesse a cela, que! que soit le COLcept de souverainete en cause ou celui qui, en derniere analys.::, sera reconnu par le Conseil. L'ampleur des combats, en un lieu quc1- conque,- est l'un des criteres que le Conseil pourrait utiliser pour determiner queUes mesures il y a lieu de prendre. En des temps troubles, par exemple, une bande d'hommes decides, sans scrupules, pourrait tres bien s'armer pour prendre le pOl~voir et imposer sa !oi stlr un vaste territoire. Le pouvoir de ces hommes pourrait devenir si absolu que les peuples de cette region n'auraient plus aucun recours contre eux. lIs pourraient meme s'eriger en Etat. Je crois que meme les Membres des Nations Unies les plus imbus de sentiments humanitaires et les plus pacifiques n'cseraient affirmer que le Gouvernement legal et legitime de ce pays n'ait pas le droit de prendre les armes pour abattre cette bande d'hommes sans foi ni loi afin de liberer la population de ce territoire de la tyrannie et de l'oppression. Dire que cette bande s'est constituee ~n gouvernement et que lutter contre elle c'est faire la guerre ne serait pas un argument valable; personne, je crois, n'oserait l'avancer serieusement comme tel. Mais, dans le cas qui nous occupe, il s'agit d'Ull territoire qui s'appe'lle la Republique d'Indonesie. Elle doit devenir, plus tard, un des Etate;; constitutifs d'une grande·republique federee d'lndonesie. II me semble tout a fait inutile que le Conseil resolve maintenant le probleme complexe de la souverainete du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Apres avoir soigneusement etudie le probleme, mon Gouvernement decidera peut-etre que, du point de vue juridique, les affirmations du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas sont parfaitement motivees. Je ne prends pas position The United States Government, as I had the honour to inform the Council yesterday, has made an offer of its good offices to the Govern~ ment of the Netherlands, and it goes without saying that that offer will also be extended to the de facto Government of the region called the Republic of Indonesia. The representative of the Netherlands made th~ very gratifying statement this morning, earlier in this debate, that his Government accepted that offer of good offices. I hope that the results of our effort in that direction will be fruitful. I think, however, that the Security Council's sentiment, as I have heard it expressed today and also at the hundred and seventy-first meeting yesterday, is that it wants the fighting there stopped without prejudice to the position which any member o~ this Council may feel that he must take on the important juridical principles involved" I have discussed the point of view of my delegation with "the representative of Australia, and I have so informed the representative of the Netherlands. I had suggested to the representative of Australia that I should like to offer an amendment to his resolution which, if the Council approved it, would, I believe, accomplish the purpose of exhorting L~e parties to this dispute to cease hostilities and to settle their disputes by arbitration or by any other peaceful method. I believe that such a resolution, if approved and passed by the Council, would be a fitting complement to the offer of good offices which we have now made and which the Netherlands Government has accepted, and which we hope may be rapidly implemented. In this amendment to the Australian resolution, which I shall read in a moment-I have copies for the members of the Council-there is no mention of any Article of the Charter, and there is no commitment regarding the sovereignty of the Netherlands over the region in question. All of those questions are left open and without prejudice to any determination which the Council may later reach. The amendment as it now reads-which I shall give to the President and the other members-is as follows: ((The Security Council, ((Noting with concern the hostilities in progress between ,-he armed forces of the Netherlands and of the Republic of Indonesia, ((Calls upon the parties, "(a) To cease hostilities forthwith, and " (b) To settle their disputes by arbitration or by other peaceful means." L'amendement a la resolution australienne dont je donnerai lecture dans un instant - j'en ai plusieurs exemplaires a l'intention des membres du Conseiln'invoque aucun Article de la Charte et n'engage pas la position du Conseil a l'egard de la souverainete des Pays-Bas sur la region en question. Il laisse tous ces problemes en suspens, sans prejudice des decisions que le Conseil pourrait prendre ulterieurement. Voici, sous sa forme actuelle, le texte de l'amendement, dont je fournirai un exemplaire au President et aux autres membres: "Le Conseil de securite, "Constatant a regret que des hostilites sont en cours entre les forces armees des Pays-Bas et celles de la Republique d'lndanesie, "Invite les parties, "a) A mettre immediatement fin aux hostilites, et "b) A regler leur differend par voie d'arbitrage au par tout autre moyen pacifique." Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): As you are aware, the question of the situation of Indonesia was considered by the Security Cuuncil in 1946 at the request of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic during the Council's sessions in London.! Even then the Indonesian situation was attracting the attention of world public opinion. The situation that prevailed in Indonesia was even then alarming and warranted the Security Council'~ attention. Unfortunately, there were too many sceptics at the time who did not agree that the Indonesian situation warranted serious attention, and called for the adoption, by the Security Council, of decisions that would have led to an improvement. The Security Council was unable then to take any decision in regard to improving the situation prevailing in Indonesia. The events which have since occurred, durLng 1946 and the past months of 1947, have confirmed how right were those who affirmed that the Indonesian situation was a threat to peace and therefore merited seri:- ous attention. We all know that the situation in Indonesia has worsened with the passing of each month, each week and each day. As a result of the worsening of this situation, the Security Council has once again reopened consideration of this question, this time in connexion with applications from the Governments of' India and Australia. What then is going on in Indonesia at present? In Indonesia the Netherlands has undertaken large-scale military operations against the Indonesian Republic. The fact that these military operations are called by the Netherlands Government, "police measures" and even of a "limited character" does not alter the situation. Everyone knows that, in fact, large-scale military operations with the participation of aircraft, naval units and infantry formations are being carried out in Indonesia. The world Press, including the United States Press, is full of reports on the situation in Indonesia and the Netherlands military operations. Everyone knows that Netherlands troops are advancing deep into Indonesian territory; capturing important economic, strategic, administrative and other objectives; shooting Indonesians, M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): On sait que le Conseil de securite a deja examine la situation en Indonesie au cours des reunions qu'il a tenues en 1946 a Londres; cet examen a eu lieu sur la demande de la delegation de la Republique socialiste sovietique d'Ukrain'e!. A ce moment-~a deja, la situation en Indonesie attirait l'attention de l'opinion mondiale.. Des cette epoque, la situation dans ce pays etait inquietante et meritait l'examen du Conseil de securite. Malheureusement, il y avait a ce moment-la trop de sceptiques qui doutaient que la situation dans ce pays meritat une etude approfondie, et meritat egalement que le Conseil de securite dfit prendre des mesures appropriees pour la redresser. Le Conseil n'a pu a ce moment-la prendre aucune decision en vue d'assainir la situation qui s'etait cn~ee en Iridonesie. Les evenements qui se sont produits depuis, pendant l'annee 1946 et en 1947, ont donne raison a ceux qui affirmaient que la situation en Indonesie constituait une menace a la paix et que, par consequent, elle meritait un examen approfondi. Nous savons tous que la situation en Indonesie a empire de mois en mois, de semaine en semaine, de jour en jour. Par suite de cette aggravation, le Conseil de securite a repris l'examen de la question, cette fois sur la demande des Gouvernements de l'Inde et de l'Australie. Que se passe-t-il done actuellement en Indonesie? Des operations militaires de grande envergure s'y deroulent, entreprises par les Pays- Bas contre la Republique d'Indonesie. Que le Gouvernement neerlandais qualifie ces operations militaires de "mesures de police", qui seraient meme d'un "caractere limite", cela ne change rien a la situation. Tout le monde sait que, en realite, des operations militaires tres etendues ont lieu en Indonesie, auxquelles participent l'aviation, la marine et des unites d'infanterie. La presse mondiale, y compris la presse des Etats-Unis, est pleine d'informations sur la situation en Indonesie et sur les operations de guerre menees par les Pays-Bas. Tout le monde sait que les troupes neerlandaises progressent au cceur du territoire indonesien, qu'elles occupent des points d'importance economique; strategique et administrative, etc.; The United Nations Charter, in such cases, obliges the Security Council, which has the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace, to take decisions which will restore peace and put an end to aggression. That, in the view of the USSR delegation, is the task facing the Security Council in connexion with the issue raised by the Governments of Australia and India. If for any reason the Security Council were to shirk from taking a decision as required by the United Nations Charter, that would mean it had failed to fulfil its duties in this matter. This could not but reflect on its own authority and on the authority of the whole Organization. We must not allow this to happen. The Netherlands Government, and representatives of certain other States on the Security Council, are trying to prove to us that the Indonesian Republic is not a sovereign and independent State and that what is going on in Indonesia should not as they say, demand the attention of the Security Council. I find it impossible to agree with such an assertion. It is true that the Indonesian people are finding it difficult to achieve their independence and are having to overcome numerous obstacles, but they have already been very successful in achieving this purpose. It is a known fact that the Netherlands itself gave de facto recognition to the Indonesian Government. Let us see what this Agreement, to which the Netherlands representative has referred, says. This Agreement, concluded between the Netherlands and the Indonesian Republic on 25 March 1947, says that the Netherlands Government, in accordance with article 1 of the Agreement, recognized the Government of the Republic of Indonesia as the de factoauthority and de facto Government in Indonesia. By this the Netherlands Government undertook a definite obligation-to respect the Indonesian Government. Article 1 of this Agreement, in fact, reads as follows: et que les Pays-Bas, qui se sont engages dans cette voie, portent une lourde responsabilite. Pour les cas de cet ordre, la Charte des Nations Unies oblige le Conseil de securite, qui assume la responsabilite principale du maintien de la paix internationale, a prendre les decisions appropriees pour retablir la paix et couper court a. l'agression. Telle est, de l'avis de la delegation de l'URSS, la tache du Conseil de securite en ce qui concerne la question soulevee par les Gouvernements de l'Australie et de l'Inde. Si, pour une raison quelconque, le Conseil de securite evitait de prendre une decision, comme le veut la Charte de notre Organisation, il se deroberait en l'espece ason devoir. Cela porterait atteinte a son autorite, ainsi qu'a cdle de l'Organisation tout entiere. C'est la une eventualite que nous ne devrions pas admettre. Le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas ainsi que les delegations de certains pays representes au Conseil de securite s'efforcent de nous persuader que la Republique d'lndonesie n'est pas un Etat souverain et independant, et que le Conseil de securite ne devrait pas s'interesser aux evenements qui se deroulent dans ce pays. Je ne puis partager cette maniere de voir. Il est exact que le peuple indonesien a beaucoup de peine a s'ouvrir le chemin de l'independance et qu'il doit surmonter de nombreux obstacles; il a deja, neanmoins, obtenu de grands succes dans cette VOle. On sait que les Pays-Bas ont eux-memes reconnu de facto le Gouvernement d'lndonesie. Voyons ce que dit l'Accord auquel s'est refere ici le representant neerlandais. Nous lisons dans cet Accord, conclu le 25 mars 1947 entre les Pays-Bas et la Republique d'Indonesie, que, en vertu de l'article premier, le Gouvernement neerlandais reconnait le Gouvernement de la RepubJique d'Indonesie comme etant en fait le Gouvernement de ce pays et comme y exer~ant en fait le pouvoir. Par ceUe reconnaissance meme, le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas a assume l'obligation tres nette de respecter le Gouvernement d'Indonesie. Voici d'ailleurs le texte de l'article premier de cet Accord: I want to draw the Security Council's attention to the fact that we should be making a gross mistake if we transferred the centre of our attention from the basic issue to its legal aspect, and tried by various kinds of legal definitions to conceal the fact that military operations are being carried out in Indonesia by the Netherlands and that a war is going one. Yesterday, at the hundred and seventy-first meeting, we heard a statement by Mr. van Kleffens, who tried to justify the position of the Netherlands Government. In the first place, he denied the right of the Security Council to consider this question; that is quite inadmissible. Such an assertion is at variance with the Charter and with the obligations laid by it on the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and security. Apart from that Mr. van Kleffens told us at great length that the Netherlands had, in his view, been obliged to undertake military operations because the Government of the Indonesian Republic had failed to fulfil the obligations which it undertook under the Agreement of 25 March 1947 to which I have referred. According to Mr. van Kleffens' reasoning, we might draw the very odd inference that when a Government which has concluded an agreement with another Government fails in some respect to carry out provisions of the agreement, the Government which is carrying out the agreement or claims to be doing so, has the L611t to start military operations against the State accused of not carrying out the agreement. How can such an assertion be accepted? Clearly, such an assertion is quite inadmissible, for it would mean justifying and encouraging aggression. exemple.1 de tels Etats en Amerique latine, en Afrique, et meme ailleurs. Je voudrais faire observer au Conseil de securite ql'.e nous commettrions une grave erreur en detournant notre attention du fond du problcme pour nous consacrer a ses aspects juridiques, et en essayant de cacheI', par toutes sortes de definitions juridiques, le fait que des operations militaires entreprises par les Pays-Bas ont lieu en Indollesie et qu'on y fait la guerre. Nous avons entendu hier, au cours de la centsoixante et onzieme seance, la declaration de M. van Kleffens, qui s'est efforce de justifier la position du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Tout d'abord, il a conteste le droit du Conseil de securite d'examiner cette question, ce qui est tout a fait inadmissible. Cette affirmation est contraire a la Charte et au devoir que celle-ci impose au Conseil de securite dans le domaine du maintien de la paix et de la securite internationales. D'autre part, M. van Kleffens nous a explique longuement que les Pays-Bas auraient ete forces d'entreprendre des operations militaires parce que le Gouvernement de la Republique d'lndonesie ne remplissait pas les obligations qu'il avait assumees en vertu de I'Accord du 25 mars 1947 auquel j'ai fait allusion. Si nous adoptions la logique de M. van Kleffens, nous aboutirions a cette conclusion etrange que, lorsqu'un Gouvernement, ayant signe un accord avec un autre Etat, ne respecte pas l'une quelconque des clauses de l'accord ou du traite, l'Etat qui en respecte les termes, ou qui pretend les respecter, a le droit d'engager des operations militaires contre le Gouvernement accuse de violation de I'accord. Peut-on accepter une telle affirmation? Certes non, car cela equivaudrait a justifier et a encourager l'agression.- If we were to take such a view, we should also come to an entirely absurd conclusion. We should conclude that a State could justify its aggression against another State on the ground that it disliked the internal administration of the other State. Clearly, such a point of view has absolutely no substance or justification. More than that, such an attitude is dangerous to the United Nations. The form of a country's internal administration should not afford an excuse to any State whatsoever to take aggresive action against another State, even if its internal administration is not acceptable to everyone, so long as it does not create complications for international peace and. security or constitute a threat to peace. On these points, however, we have, as you all know, heard only the Netherlands representative's views; we have not heard the voice of the people of the Indonesian Republic. Mr. van Kleffens pointed out that the Indonesians had caused great inconvenience to tne Netherlands because they had blockaded certain areas garrisoned by Netherlands troops, thus making it difficult to supply them with food; that the President of the Indonesian Republic. is not acting in conformity with the Netherlands desires, for eX::i.mple, in frequently changing the members of his Cabinet etc. The Netherlands representative even complained that, after military operations began, the Indonesians took such steps as the destruction of plantations, thus damaging Netherlands economic interests. He told us that the Indonesian Government had not the unity which the Netherlands would have liked, and that this was also one of the reasons why the Netherlands had to take up arms. All these arguments are also entirely point1e~s. Even if these facts, or some of Le representant du Gouvernement neerlandais nous dit que le caractere du Gouvernement de la Republique indonesienne ne repond pas aux interets des Pays-Bas. Mais cet argument non plus ne saurait justifier l'action du Gouvernement neerlandais.. Le representant neerlandais qualifie le Gouvernement indonesien de "totalitaire", de corrompu", etc. Si nous nous rangions a son avis, nous aboutirions a une autre conclusion absurde. En effet, nous devrions conclure qu'un Etat pourrait justifier les actes agressifs qu'il commet a l'egard d'un autre Etat en declarant qu'il n'aime pas son regime politique. Il est evident qu'un tel argument est absolument inconsistant et qu'il est denue de tout fondement. Je dirais meme que cette attitude risque de mettre en danger l'Organisation des Nations Unies elle-meme. Le regime politique d'un pays, s'il ne provoque pas de complications dangereuses pour la paix et la securite, s'il ne constitue pas une menace pour la paix, ne devrait pas servir de justification aux actes d'agression qu'un autre Etat entreprend contre ce pays, meme si ce regime politique ne plait pas a tout le monde. Sur ces questions-Ht cependant, nous avons entendu, comme vous le savez, le representant des Pays-Bas, mais nous n'avons pas entendu la voix du peuple indonesien. M. van Kleffens a indique que les Indonesiens avaient cause aux Pays-Bas des inconvenients serieux en faisant le blocus de certaines regions ou se trouvaient des troupes neerlandaises, ce qui avait entrave le ravitaillement de ces troupes; que le President de la Republique d'Indonesie n'agissait pas conformement aux desirs des Pays-Bas, que, par exemple, il modifiait souvent la composition de son ministere, etc. Le representant des Pays-Bas s'est meme plaint que, depuis l'ouverture des hostilites, les Indonesiens aient pris des mesures telles que la destruction des plantations, en nuisant ainsi aux interets economiques des Pays-Bas. Selon lui, il n'y aurait pas, au sein du Gouvernement indonesien, cette unite que le Gouvernement neerlandais aurait souhaitee, et ce serait la une des raisons pour lesquelles les Pays-Bas ont pris les armes. Ce sont la egalement des arguments tout The Netherlands representative tried at great length to prove to us that the existing situation in Indonesia is not a threat to peace, and that the events taking place there are of a purely loca1 Le representant des Pays-Bas a parle longuement pour nous persuader que la situation en Indonesie ne constitue pas une menace pour la paix, et que les evenements qui s'y dtI'Oulent sont d'un caractere purement local. C'est la un argument que l'on ne peut accepter. Nous savons tous - c'est l'histoire qui nous l'enseigne - que parfois de grandes guerres ont commence par des incidents insignifiants. character. That argument cannot be accepted. We all know, and history teaches us, that big wars have sometimes sprung from insignificant incidents. We have heard the representatives of India and Australia, countries which are geographically and territorially nearer to Indonesia than other countries. They have rightly pointed out that tlle events occurring in Indonesia have a direct connexion with the maintenance of international peace and security and that they have more tllan local significance. That is precisely what explains the applications made by the Governments of India and Australia asking the Security Council to consider the situation in Indonesia. Nous avons entendu ici les representants de l'Inde et de l'Australie, c'est-a-dire de pays qui, au point de vue de leur position geographique, sont plus proches de l'Indonesie que les autres pays. Ils ont indique a juste titre que les evenements qui ont lieu en Indonesie interessent directement le maintien de la paix et de la securite internationales, et que ces evenements depassent le cadre local. C'est precisement pour cette raison que les Gouvernements de l'Inde et de l'Australie ont adresse au Conseil de securite une demande le priant d'examiner la situation en Indonesie. At yesterday's as well as today's Council meetings, the question of mediation has been mentioned. On behalf of his Government, Mr. van Kleffens today officially stated that the Netherlands Government accepts the United States' offer of mediation. The question of mediation is worthy of attention. The Security Council must go into the matter. First of all, what does the mediation of one country, say the United States of America, mean, as this mediation is envisaged, for example, by Mr. van Kleffens and the United Kingdom representative? The United Kingdom representative stated that, in his opinion, the Security Council should not take any decision but should merely await the results of mediation. Were we to agree with this conception, it would mean that the Security Council had eluded the taking of a concrete decision on a question upon which it ought to take a decision, and had repudiated responsibility for the alarming situation which has arisen in Indonesia. Au cours des seances du Conseil de securite qui ont eu lieu hier et aujourd'hui, on a evoque la question de la mediation. M. van Kleffens a fait aujourd'hui, au nom de son Gouvernerhent, une declaration officielle, aux termes de laquelle le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas acceptait l'offre de mediation des Etats-Unis. La question de la mediation merite d'etre examinee. Le Conseil de securite devrait l'etudier de pres. Et, d'abord, que signifie la mediation d'un Gouvernement, par exemple celui des Etats-Unis, telle que l'envisagent M. van Kleffens et le representant du Royaume-Uni? Le representant du Royaume- Dni a declare que, a son avis, le Conseil de securite ne devrait prendre aucune decision et qu'il devait simplement attendre les resultats de la mediation. Si nous acceptions ce point de vue, cela signifierait que le Conseil de sewrite evite de prendre une decision precise sur une question qui demande a etre tranchee, et qu'il renonce ases responsabilites en ce qui c:oncerne la situation tendue qui s'est creee en Indonesie. The representative of the United Kingdom said outright that it would be a good thing if the Security Council took no decision, still less action, in this matter; it should merely 1-' left on the agenda and await further developn" is. Le representant du Royaume-Uni a declare sans ambages qu'il serait souhaitable que le Conseil de securite ne prenne aucune decision; que, a fortiori, le Conseil devrait n'entreprendre aucune action et se borner a maintenir la question a son ordre du jour, en attendant les developpements futurs. La delegation de I'DRSS estime cette methode : .acceptable pour le reglement d'une affaire si grave et si pressante. En fait, cette methode signifie avant tout qu'on ne tient pas compte de l'Organisation des Nations Unies. En s'abstenant de son propre gre de prendre aucune decision sur cette question, le Conseil de securite porterait atteinte a notre Organisation. Si les cas ou l'on The USSR delegation considers this an inadmissible way of deciding such an important and urgent matter. Firstly, this course would mean virtually by-passing the United Nations. For the Council itself to abstain from taking a decision on this question would be a blow to the United Nations. If we are going to continue by-passing and ignoring the United Nations, it may become The acceptance of the United Kingdom proposal would also mean that the positions which the Netherlands has now seized in Indonesia would give it an advantage over the Indonesian Republic in the subsequent settlement of outstanding questions between these countries. Mr. van Kleffens yesterday drew our attention to the fact that the Netherlands hopes to end military operations soon, i.e., to score a victory over the forces of the Indonesian Republic. That means that mediation, or any other procedure which may be chosen for settling the questions outstanding between the Netherlands and the Indonesian Republic, would place the Netherlands in a more advantageous position, simply because its troops had been victorious over the forces of the Indonesian Republic and had occupied its important productive economic and strategic centres. It is in these circumstances that we are recommended to use mediation, arbitration and other peaceful means of settling the various questions between the Netherlands and the Indonesian Republic and so by-pass the United Nations. We all know the meaning of negotiations between two countries, when one country has occupied the other's territory. We know the meaning of negotiations between two States when one State has its troops and administration on the oth€r's territory. Such negotiations would be carried out under advantageous conditions for one country and disadvantageous conditions for the other, in this case as a result of the Netherlands having used armed force against the Indonesian people. The USSR delegation considers that the Security Council should go seriously into the whole question raised by the Governments of Australia and India, and should take its own decision about improving the situation which has arisen in Indonesia. A part of this decision should be a decision to stop hostilities immediately. I spoke of the need of taking such a decision yesterday, but some other representatives on the Security Council wished to. postpone it until today's Council meeting. We should consider what other decision the Security Council can and should take in order to ensure the restoration of peace in this part of the world in the interests of both the States involved in the dispute, as well as in the interests of the United Nations as a whole. Si nous acceptions la proposition du Royaume- Uui, cela signifierait egalement que les positions dont les Pays-Bas viennent de s'emparer en Indonesie permettraient aux Neerlandais de se trouver dans une situation favorisee vis-a-vis de la Republique d'lndonesie au moment du reglement des questions litigieuses qui separent ces deux pays.M. van Klefi'ens a fait remarquer hier que les Pays-Bas esperaient terminer bientot leurs operations militaires, c'est-a-dire qu'ils esperaient remporter la victoire sur les forces de la Republique d'lndonesie. Dans ces conditions, que 1'0n s'arrete a la mediation ou que l'on choisisse n'importe quelle autre methode pour regler les questions litigieuses qui separent les Pays-Bas et la Republique d'lndonesie, les Pays- Bas se trouveraient dans une situation privilegiee pour la seule raison que leurs troupes auraient triomphe des forces de la Republique d'lndonesie et occupe ses centres industriels, economiques et strategiques. Telles sont les conditions dans lesquelles on nous propose d'avoir recours a la mediation, al'arbitrage ou ad'autres moyens pacifiques pour regler les questions litigieuses entre les Pa.ys-Bas et la Republique d'lndonesie, ceci en negligeant I'Organisation des Nations Unies. Nous savons tous ce que signifient les negociations menees entre deux pays, lorsque l'un occupe le territoire de l'autre. Nous savons ce que signifient les negociations menees entre deux Etats, lorsque l'un maintient ses troupes et son administration civile sur le territoire de l'autre. Ces negociations se deroulent dans des conditions favorables pour l'une des parties et defavorables pour l'autre. Dans le cas que nous examinons, ces conditions auront ete creees par l'action militaire des Pays-Bas contre le peuple indonesien. La delegation de l'URSS estime que le Conseil de securite doit etu-dier a fond la question qui a ete soulevee par les Gouvernements de l'Australie et de l'lnde, et .qu'il doit prendre lui-meme une decision en vue de remedier a la situation qui s'est creee en Indonesie. Cette decision doit inclure des dispositions pour une cessation immediate des hostilites. Hier deja, j'ai dit qu'une telle decision etait indispensable, mais d'autres membres du Conseil de securite ont pre£ere l'ajourner a la presente seance. Nous devons examiner quelles autres decisions le Conseil de securite pourrait et devrait prendre afin d'assurer le retablissement de la paix dans cette partie du monde, conformement aux interets des deux pays en conflit ainsi qu'aux interets de l'Organisation des Nations Unies dans son ensemble. "Considers it necessary that the troops of both sides, the Netherlands and the Indonesian Republic, should be immediately withdrawn to the previous positions which they occupied before the beginning of military operations." The adoption of this proposal would improve the Australian resolution, which provides only for the cessation of military operations. It would make the Council's decision on this important and urgent question even more operative and effective, and would be a practical step towards the restoration of peace in this part of the world. As a continuation of my statement, I should like to make the following proposal for the con·· sideration of the Security Council: "Considers it necessary that the troops of both sides, the Netherlands and the Indonesian Re- public, should be immediately withdrawn to the previous positions which they occupied before the beginning of military operations." I consider this proposal to be an addition to the text of the Australian resolution, which is acceptable to the USSR delegation in the form in which it was submitted to the Security Coun- cil yesterday. The USSR delegation considers that the addition of such a paragraph would improve the Australian resolution and would bring the eventual decision of the Security Coun- cil into conformity with the seriousness of the situation in Indonesia. The USSR delegation naturally reserves its right to make additional proposals, taking into account the progress of OUl' discussion.
At the conclusion of the interpretation of the above remarks, Mr. Gromyko added the follow- ing statement in English:
"The Security Council
The President unattributed #129101
I understand that the USSR representative is proposing the addition of another paragraph to the Australian proposal, which consists of paragraphs (a) and (b). If that is so, when we come to a vote on the Australian proposal, we shall add the additional paragraph suggested by the USSR representative, and we shall put it to a vote. Mr. CROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics): It may be made a separate part of the resolution, or it may be added as an amendment to paragraph (a) of the Australian resolution. However, if the Security Council decides to take an immediate decision on the cessation of military operations in Indonesia without taking a decision on other aspects of this question, "Estime indispensable que les troupes des deux parties, Pays-Bas et Republique d'Indonesie, se replient immediatement sur les positions qu'elles occupaient avant le debut des operations." Si cette proposition etait adoptee, cela ameliorerait le texte de la resolution australienne, qui ne prevoit que la cessation des hostilites. La decision que le Conseil doit prendre dans cette affaire grave et pressante en serait rendue plus efficace, et l'on aurait adopte ainsi une mesure d'ordre pratique pour retablir la paLx dans cette partie du monde. Comme suite a ma declaration, je desire sou- mettre la proposition suivante a l'examen du Conseil de securite: ccEstime indispensable que les troupes des deux parties, Pays-Bas et Republique d'Indonesie, se replient immediatement sur les positions qu'elles occupaient avant le debut des operations." Je desirerais que cette proposition constitue une addition au texte de la resolution austra- lienne, que la delegation de l'URSS considere comme acceptable dans la forme sous laquelle elle a ete presentee hier au Conseil de securite. La delegation de l'URSS estime que l'addition de ce paragraphe ameliorerait la resolution australienne, et donnerait ala decision finale du Conseil de securite un caractere qui correspon- drait a la gravite de la situation existant en Indonesie. La delegation de l'URSS se reserve evidem- ment le droit de presenter de nouvelles proposi- tions, en tenant compte de la suite des debats. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Le representant de l'URSS propose, je crois, l'addition d'un nouveau paragraphe a la proposition australienne, qui se compose des paragraphes a) et b). Dans ces conditions, quand nous voterons sur la proposition austra- lienne, nous ajouterons le nouveau paragraphe propose par le representant de l'URSS et nous m<:ttrons l'ensemble des trois paragraphes aux VOIX. M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit de l'anglais): On peut considerer ce paragraphe comme une partie distincte de la resolution ou comme un amende- ment au paragraphe a) de la resolution austra- lienne. Toutefois, si le Conseil de securite decide de prendre immediatement une decision concer- nant la cessation des operatIons militaires en
Apres Finterpretation de ces remarques, M. Gromyko ajoute en anglais la declaration suivante:
"Le Conseil de securite
The President unattributed #129103
This matter will be disposed of when we come to the vote. At this time, we shall hear the remaining speakers. I repeat my request that we make brief, concise and not repetitious speeches. It is sufficient to support the statement of another speaker and confirm what he has said without repeating his thoughts. Mr. VAN LANGENHOVE (Belgium) (translated from French): Mr. President, I shall try to comply with your request to be brief. The main purpose of the Australian delegation's proposal is to ensure that the first urgent steps are taken. The Council is now faced with a new fact: a mediation agreement concluded between the Netherlands and the United States. The Council cannot but take note of this, for this new fact would seem to meet the requirements which the Anstralian resolution was intended to cover. In these circumstances, I think there is no practical interest in discussing now whether the Council is competent and, if it is, what further action should be taken on the draft resolution before us. The United Kingdom representative has suggested that the question be kept on the list of matters of which the Council is seized. Such a decision would leave the question of the Council's competence entirely open. In this connexiori, I am afraid that even the United States amendment cannot be regarded as taking a positive view about the competence of the Council. This objection applies even more strongly to the amendment proposed by the USSR representative. As we have seen, certain members of the Council take exception to, and have very serious reservations on such a course. I repeat, it has no practical value, in view of the mediation agreement concluded between the Netherlands and the United States. That agreement offers the speediest means of achieving the pacification and constructive understanding which I am sure we all desire. Mr. LANGE (Poland): I do not intend at this late hour to speak on the substance of the subject under consideration. I should simply like to find out when our discussion is to be cqntinued. Is that to be done this afternoon, or is there a possibility that an evening meeting will be called? I should like to urge the Council very earnesdy to take at least one action today: either to adopt the recommendation calling for a cessation of hostilities; or to decide, if it so believes, that the representative of the Netherlands is correct in his contention that the matter is outside the competence of the Council. I believe the matter is of Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): On decidera de cette question au moment de voter. Pour l'instant, nous allons entendre les autres orateurs. Je demande encore une fois aux orateurs d'etre le plus bref et le plus concis possible et de ne pas se repeter. I1 suffit d'appuyer les declarations d'un autre orateur et de confirmer ce qu'il a dit; il est inutile de repeter ce qu'il a deja dit. M. VANLANGENHOVE (Be1gique): Je m'efforcerai, Monsieur le President de me conformer a votre demande de concision. L'objet essentiel de la proposition de la delegation australienne est de pourvoir aux premieres mesures d'urgence. Le Conseil se trouve maintenant en presence d'un fait nouveau: un accord de mediation intervenu entre les Pays- Bas et les Etats-Unis. Le Conseil ne peut qu'en prendre acte. Ce fait nouveau semble, en effet, de nature a repondre aux necessites auxquelles la resolution australienne vise a pourvoir. J'estime que, dans ces conditions, il est devenu sans interet pratique de rechercher, a l'heure actuelle, si le Conseil est competent et, dans l'affirmative, quelle suite devrait etre donnee au projet de resolution qui nous est soumis. La delegation du Royaume-Uni a suggere de maintenir la question sur la liste des affaires dont le Conseil est saisi. Une decision dans ce sens reserverait entierement la question de la competence du Conseil. A cet egard, je crains que IIteme l'amendement des Etats-Unis ne puisse etre considere comme une prise de position affirmative sur la competence du Conseil. A fortiori cette objection s'applique a la proposition d'amendement du rep:r:esentant de l'URSS. Une telle prise de position, ainsi que nous avons pu le constater, suscite des objections et les plus serieuses reserves de la part de plusieurs membres du Conseil. Elle n'offre, je le repete, aucun interet pratique en presence de l'accord de mediation intervenu entre les Pays-Bas et les Etats-Unis. Cet accord ouvre la voie la plus rapide vel'S la pacification et l'entente constructive qui sont, j'en suis sur, dans les vceux de tous. M. LANGE (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais) : Je n'a,i pas l'intention, a une heure aussi tardive, de discuter le fond de la question que nous examinons actuellement. Je desire simplement savoir quand nous poursuivrons cette discussion. Sera-ce cet apres-midi ou serait-il possible de nous reunir ce soir? Je demande au Conseil avec une insistance toute particuliere de prendre aujourd'hui au moins une decision: soit d'adopter la recommandation qui vise a la cessation des hostilites, soit de decider, si tel est le point de vue du Conseil, que le representant des Pays-Bas a raison d'affirmer que la question depasse la competence du The PRESIOENT: It was proposed at our meeting yesterday that this afternoon's meeting should be devoted to the Greek question, and I have arranged our schedule accordingly. If we are going to hear from all the members who have indicated a desire to speak on the Indonesian question, and if they are going to discuss that question at length, I do not see how we can exhaust the list of speakers at this morning's meeting. In that case, it will be necessary to postpone the discussion of the Indonesian question to a later time. We might either take up the question again toward the end of this afternoon's meeting, perhaps beginning at six or seven o'clock and continue at a meeting tonight or tomorrow, or we might discuss it at the meetIng of the Council which is scheduled for Monday afternoon. The representative of Poland has spoken about the question of the competence of the Council in this matter. Had any motion in regard to competence been submitted, I would have given it priority, because it would then have been necessary to decide first whether or not the Security Council was competent to deal with this question. If that had been decided affirmatively, we should then have proceeded to any other recommendation that might have been made. The fact is, however, that the question of competence has simply been mentioned by some of the speakers in the course of the discussion. If any member had submitted a formal proposal stating that this matter was outside the competence of the Security Council and that therefore this item ought to be deleted from the Council's agenda, that proposal would have received priority over any other. However, no such proposal has been made. I shall therefore call for further discussion on the proposal of the Australian delegation, as amended by the delegations of the United States and the Union of SO'iet Socialist Republics. The vote on that proposal will, after all, reveal the views of the members on the question of competence. Those who believe that the matter is within the competence of the Council may vote affirmatively or negatively on the Australian resolution; however, those who believe that the matter is outside the competence of the Council will certainly vote against the resolution. Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America): It is quite evident that we are approaching the kind of impasse which the United States delegation had hoped, through its simple amendment, to avoid. A moment ago, the representative of Poland mentioned that element in the situation which is, I think, nearest to the hearts Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Il a ete propose, a notre seance d'hier, de consacrer la reunion de cet apres-midi ala question grecque, et j'ai organise notre emploi du temps en consequence. Si nous entendons taus les representants qui ont exprime le desir de prendre la parole a propos de la question indonesienne, et si ceux-ci ont l'intention de traiter cette question a fond, je crois qu'il sera impossible d'entendre ce matin tous les orateurs inscrits sur la liste. En ce cas, il nous faudra remettre a plus tard la discussion sur la question indonesienne. Nous pourrions, soit reprendre la question vers la fin de la seance de cet apres-midi, en commen~ant a six ou sept heures pour la poursuivre au cours d'une seance que nous tiendrions ce soir ou dcmain, soit la discuter a la seance du Conscil prevue pour lundi apres-midi. Le representant de la Pologne a dit quelques mots a propos de la competence du Conseil en la matiere. Si qudqu'un avait presente une motion relative ala competence du Conseil, j'aurais accorde priorite a cette motion, car il aurait alors fallu decider avant toute autre chose si, oui ou non, le Conseil de securite etait competent en la matiere. Dans le cas de l'affirmative, nous nous serions ensuite occupes de toute autre recommandation eventuelle presentee. Mais, en fait, la question a ete seulement mentionnee au cours de la discussion par certains orateurs. Si un membre du Conseil avait presente une proposition formelle, declarant que cette question ne relevait pas de la competence du Conseil de securite et que, en consequence, il fallait retirer ce point de l'ordre du jour du Conseil, cette proposition aurait eu priorite sur toute autre. Mais personne n'a presente une proposition de ce genre. Je demanderai donc que l'on poursuive la discussion de la proposition de la delegation australienne, modifiee par les delegations des Etats-Unis et de I'Union des Republiques sodalistes sovietiques. Le vote du Conseil sur cette proposition fera, en somme, connaitre l'opinion des membres sur la question de competence. Ceux qui estiment que la question releve de la competence du Conseil peuvent accepter ou repousser la resolution australienne, mais ceux qui croient que la question depasse la competence du Conseil voteront certainement contre la resolution. M. JOHNSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) (traduit de l'anglais): De toute evidence, nous nous engageons dans l'impasse que la delegation des Etats-Unis a voulu eviter par son amendement. Il y a un instant, le representant de la Pologne invoquait ce qui, en l'occurrence, nous tient, je crois, le plus a creur: obtenir que le Conseil, If the Council sincerely desires that hostilities should cease, it can accomplish that purpose very quickly. We can then postpone to a later time the discussion of all the other points which have been raised, including tho;;e raised by the USSR· representative. We shall then be in a position to conclude our discussion of the Greek question, as the Council has already decided to do. Mter all, people are being killed in that area, too. If we can adopt a resolution calling on the parties to this dispute to cease hostilities, we shall have accomplished all that we can accomplish right now. If we ·do not adopt such a resolution, we shall be bogged down in interminable arguments on questions of rights and law. The only way to stop hostilities is to ask that they be stopped and not to give any reasons for it, but simply td express the Council's view, its wish and its will entirely in conformity with the spirit of the Charter of the United Nations. We do not have to decide any legal questions in order to make such a determination, nor do we have to prejudice the opinions of anybody or of any delegation by so doing. They would have ample opportunity to air all their opinions afterwards. Reference was made by the USSR representative to the United States offer of good offices to the Netherlands Government. It goes without saying that the offer of good offices is likewise extended to the Republic of Indonesiao Furthermore, it goes without saying that good offices cannot be effective unless both sides accept. That is a voluntary act -:>n their part. To claim, however, that such an action on the part of the United States is an endeavour to circumvent the United Nations is a completely and totally erroneous statement which I do not believe any member of this Council will believe. Mr. LANGE (Poland) : Could we not, without any further discussion, vote on the cessation of hostilities, leaving all other points to a later occasion? Either the Australian formulation-which I prefer-or that of the United States would be acceptable. What the President said earlier is quite true: no special vote is required on our competence because by voting a cessation of hostilities, e1:eryone expresses his view of the Council's competence.
The President unattributed #129105
At the hundred and seventyfirst meeting it was proposed that a vote should 'be taken on paragraph (a) of the Australian proposal, dealing with the cessation of hostilities, and that the discussion on juridical matters and so forth should be deferred until future meetings. Si le Conseil desire sincerement la cessation des hostilites, il peut 1'0btenir rapidement. Nous pourrions alors remettre a plus tard la discussion de tous les autres problemes qui ont ete poses, y compris ceux qui 1'0nt ete par le representant de I'URSS. Nous pourrions terminer la discussion de la question grecque, comme le Conseil avait deja decide de le faire. Songeons qu'il y a aussi des morts en Grece. Si nous pouvons adopter une resolution demandant aux parties a ce differend de mettre fin aux hostilites, nous aurons accompli tout ce qu'il est en notre pouvoir de faire maintenant. Si nous n'adoptons pas cette resolution, nous nous enliserons dans des discussions interminables sur la justice et le droit. La seule fa~on d'arreter les hostilites est de demander qu'elles cessent, sans donner aucune raison, en exprimant simplement 1'0pinion, le desir et la volonte du ConseiI, en pleine conformite de l'esprit de la Charte des Nations Unies. Cette decision n'exige pas que nous prenions position sur des questions juridiques, dIe permet egalement a tous les membres du Conseil et a toutes les delegations de reserver leur opinion. Plus tard, les membres du ConseiI auront tout loisir d'exprimer leur point de vue. Le representant de I'URSS a parle de 1'0ffre de bons offices faite par les Etats-Unis au Gouvernement des Pays-Ba.s. 11 va sans dire que cette offre s'adresse egalement a la Republique d'Indonesie. Il est d'ailleurs evident que les bons offices ne peuvent avoir d'effet que si les deux parties les acceptent. Cette acceptation est un acte volontaire. Mais il serait absolument faux de declarer que cette offre de bons offices soit une tentative de la part des Etats-Unis pour circonvenir les Nations Unies, et je ne crois pas que, en fait, aucun des membres du Conseil nourrisse cette pensee. M. LANGE (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais) : Ne serait-il pas possible de voter sur la cessation des hostilites sans autre discussion, en remettant a plus tard toutes les autres questions? Le texte de l'Australie, auquel va ma preference, et le texte des Etats-Unis sont tous deux acceptables. Ce que le President vient de dire est tres juste. Il est inutiIe de voter a part sur la question de notre competence, car, en votant [a cessation des hostilites, chacun exprime son opinion quant a la competence du ConseiI. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Au cours de la cent-soixante et onzieme seance, on a propose de voter sur le paragraphe a) de la proposition australienne, qui a trait a la cessation des hostiIites, et on a egalement propose de remettre aux prochaines seances la discussion sur Does anyone wish to speak on this suggestion, whether or not to vote on the first item? Mr. LAwFoRD (United Kingdom): I would be sorry to appear to be obstructive in any way, but this matter is not as simple as it looks. I must ask the Council on my behalf, and I think possibly on behalf of other members of the Council to whom this is a matter of rather grave concern, to be given the opportunity of expressing our views. I cannot vote on this question straightaway. -
The President unattributed #129106
The President hopes that the comments on this point will be as brief as possible, just as the comment of the representative of the United Kingdom has been. Colonel HODGSON (Australia): I have just a suggestion to make about what you said in regard to our adjourning and meeting this afternoon. In view of the request by other members to be heard on this important point, I think it is imperative that we should settle the question as far as we can this afternoon, and I urge that the meeting this afternoon should, in the first place at least, be devoted to a continuation of discussion on the Indonesian question. Mr. L6PEZ (Colombia): As this matter is so extremely urgent and important and as every member of the Council wishes to express his views, it seems to us clear that we should adjourn the meeting and agree to proceed with our discussion after lunch. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics): The United States draft resolution is not an amendment; it is a seperate resolution, though it is called an amendment. Paragraph (a ) of the two resolutions is almost identical. Therefore, if we decide to vote on this paragraph (a), on the cessation of hostilities, at this meeting or Quelqu'un desire-t-il prendre la parole a pro. pos de cette proposition de voter sur le premier point? M. LAWFORD (Royaume-Uni) (traduit de l'anglais): Je suis desole d'avoir l'air de me livrer a une obstruction quelconque, mais cette question n'est pas si simple qu'elle le parait. Je tiens a demander au Conseil, en mon nom et peut-etre au nom d'autres membres auxquels cette question cause d'assez serieux soucis, qu'on nous permette d'exprimer notre opinion. Je ne peux pas incontinent voter sur cette question. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Le President espere que les commentaires sur cette .question seront aussi brefs que possible, aussi brefs que ceux du representant du Royaume-Uni. Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (traduit de I'anglais): Je veux seulement formuler une suggestion relative a ce que vous avez dit apropos de l'ajournement et de la reunion de cet apresmidi. D'autres membres ayant demande d'exprimer leur point de vue sur cette question importante, il est indispensable, me semble-t-il, que, dans toute la mesure du possible, nous reglions la question cet apres-midi, et j'insiste pour que la reunion de cet apres-midi, ou tout au moins la premiere partie de cette reunion, soit consacree a la suite de l'examen de la question indonesienne. M. L6PE2.. (Colombie) (traduit de l'anglais): Cette question etant extremement urgente et importante, et tous les membres du Conseil desirant exprimer leur opinion, il me semble evident qu'il conviendrait d'ajourner la seance et de poursuivre notre discussion apres le dejeuner. M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit de l'anglais): Le projet de resolution des Etats-Unis n'est pas un amendement, c'est une resolution distincte, bien qu'on l'appelle amendement. Les paragraphes a) des deux resolutions sont presque identiques. En consequence, si nous decidons de voter sur ce
The President unattributed #129107
A motion for adjournment has been made by the representative of Colombia and it has priority. I shall put the motion to a vote.
The motion to adjourn was adopted.
The President unattributed #129109
The next meeting will be at 3 o'clock this afternoon. The meeting rose at 1.25 p.m. HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-THIRD MEETING Held at Lake Success, New r ork, on Friday, 1 August 1947, at 3 p.m. President: Mr. F. EL-KHOURI (Syria). Present: The representatives of the following countries: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, China, Colombia, France, Poland, Syria, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, United States of America. 269. Continuation of the discussion on the ,Indonesian question
At the invitation of the President, Mr. van Kleffens, representative of 'the Netherlands, and Mr. B. R. Sen, representative of India, took their seats at the Council table.
The President unattributed #129112
We shall resume the discussion of the Indonesian question, which was started during the hundred and seventy-second meeting held this morning. I wish to remind the members that we have ten speakers already listed. Our time is very limited. We hope to accept a resolution with regard to this question as soon aE possible, so that we may be in a position to proceed discussing [!' '~ Greek question this afternoon, thereby obviating the necessity of having another meeting tonight. I therefore repeat my request tc the members that they should make their speeches as short as possible. Mr. VAN KLEFFENS (Netherlands): May I raise a point of order? I have just been advised that I shall receive some supplementary instrucpret a voter pour l'adoption du paragraphe a) et, de preference, du paragraphe a) de la resolution australienne. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Le representant de la Colombie a presente une motion d'ajoumement qui a priorite. Je mets la motion aux voix. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): La prochaine seance aura lieu cet apres-midi, a 15 heures. La seanre est l('nee a13 h. 25. CENT-SOIXANTE-TREIZIEME SEANCE Tenue aLake Success, New-York, le vendredi ler aout 1947, a15 heures. President: M. F. EL-KHOURI (Syrie). Presents: Les representants des pays suivants: Australie, Belgique, Bresil, Ch:..e, Colombie, Etats-Unis d'Amerique, France, Pologne, Royaume-Uni, Syrie, Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques. 269. Suite de la discussion sur la question indonesienne Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais)~ Nous allons reprenrdre la discussion de la question de l'Indonesie que nous avons commencee a la cent-soixante-douzieme seance, tenue ce matin. Je rappellerai au Conseil qu'il y a deja dix orateurs inscrits. Nous disposons d'un temps tres limite. Nous esperons pouvoir adopter une resolution au sujet de cette question 'le plus rapidement possible, afin de pouvoir discuter la question grecque cet apres-midi, ce qui nous eviterait de tenir une autre seance ce soir. Je demande done encore une fois aux membres du Conseil d'etre aussi brefs que possible dans leurs declarations. M. VAN KLEFFENS (Pays-Bas) (traduit de l'anglais): Je voudrais iloulever une question d'ordre. Je viens d'€tre informe que, dans une Ausualia-AustraUe H. A. Goddard Pty. Ltd. 255a George Street SYDNEY, N. S. W. Librairie "La Renaissance d'Egypte" 9 She Adly Pasha CAIRO Finland-Fi1z1ande Belgium-Belgique Agence et Messageries de la Presse, S. A. 14-22 rue du Persil BRUXELLES Akateeminen Kirjakauppa 2, Keskuskatu HELSINKI France Editions A. Pedone 13, rue Souffiot PARIS, Ve Bolivia-·Bolivie Librerla Cientifica y Literaria Avenida 16 de Julio, 216 Casilla 972 LA PAZ "Eleftheroudakis" Librairie internationale Place de la Constitution ATHENES Canada The Ryerson Press 299 Queen Street West TORONTO Guatemala Jose Goubaud Goubaud & Cia Ltda. Sucesor 5a Av. Sur No. 6 y 9a C. P. GUATEMALA Haiti-Haiti Edmundo Pizarro Merced 846 SANTIAGO China-Chine The Commercial Press Ltd. 211 Honan Road SHANGHAI Max Bouchereau Librairie "A la Caravelle" Bolte postale I11-B PORT-AU-PRINCE India-Inde Union of South Africa Union Sud-Afri~aine Costa Rica-Costa-Rica Trejo~ Hermanos Apartado 1313 SAN JOSE Central News Agency Ltd. Commissioner &Rissik Sts. JOHANNESBURG, CAPETOWN, DURBAN Oxford Book & Stationery Co. Sr~.ndia House NEW DELHI Iran Bongahe Piaderow 731 Shah Avenue TEHERAN Iraq-lrak Cuba La Casa Belga Rene de Smedt O'Reilly 455 LA HABANA United Kingdom Royaume-Uni H.M. Stationery Office p.a. Box 569 LONDON, S.E. 1 and at H.M.S.a. Shops at LONDON, EDINBURGH, Czechoslovakia Tchecoslovaquie Mackenzie & Mackenzie The Bookshop BAGHDAD Lebanon-Liban MANCHESTE~ CARDIF~ BELFAST 'and BRISTOL F. Topic Narodni Trida 9 PRAHA 1 United States of America Etats-Unis d'Amerique Librairie universelle BEYROUTH Luxembourg Librairie J. Schummer Place Guillaume LUXEMBOURG Denmark-Danemark Einar Munskgaard N6rregade 6 KJOBENHAVN International Documents Service Columbia University Press 2960 Broadway NEW,YORK 27, N. Y. Yugoslavia-Yougoslavie Drzavno Preduzece Jugoslovenska Knjiga Moskovska UI. 36 BEOGRAD Dominican Republic Netherlands-Pays-Bas N. V. Martinus Nijhoff Lange Voorhout 9 S'GRAVENHAGE Librerla Dominicana Calle Mercedes No. 49 Apartado 656 QUDAD TRUJILLO
La motion d'ajournement est adoptee.
Sur l'invitation du President, M. van Kleffens, representant des Pays-Bas et M. B. R. Sen, representant de l'Inde, prennent place ala table du Conseil.
Greece-Grece
Chile-Chili
Republique Dominicaine
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UN Project. “S/PV.172.” UN Project, https://un-project.org/meeting/S-PV-172/. Accessed .