S/PV.1799 Security Council

The Council has hel’orc it my rrport on UNEF for \he period from 2 April to I2 October 1974. As members of ~bc Council arc aware, the period tmdcr review has been a period of tranquillity in the arca. and the report thcreforc dcnls more with organ&ion ;md ;Idnlinistratit,II than with operational factors. In this conncsion. I wish to make some brief comments. 4. I’aragrapli 39 or my report deals with the question 01 Icimbur~cmcnt to the troop-contributill~ countries. As nimbcrs 01‘ the C‘ouncil arc aware. that is a complrx question on which I and my colleagues in the Secretariat have been in contact with the troop-contributing countries for several months, During this period various different formulas have been discussed. Paragraph 39 states the proposal for reimbursement of all contributing Governments on an equal basis; that proposal has been agreed upon by all the troop-contributing countries. In addition to the troopcontributing countries, other Member States have also been informally consulted on this matter, and some of them have expressed reservations with respect to the formula for reimbursement put forward by the troop-contributing Govern, men& as referred-to in paragraph 39 of my report. 5. I wish 10 refer also to paragraph 40 of my report and the relatio.lshio between the costs of UNEFand thecostsattrib- . utable to the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF). Obviously, the ultimate over-all size of the peace-keeping force and of the financing required will be dependent on the decision to be taken by the Security Council at the end ofNovember 1974 with respect to the exteusion of the mandate of UNDOF. Since UNEF and UNDOF have certain common services and the personnel of UNDOF were taken from UNEF. as the Council is fully aware, it was proved difficult completely to separate their budgets. 6. I fully appreciate the preoccupations of the members of the Security Council concerning financial problems of UNEF. 1 wish 10 assure members of the Council that I shall continue 10 do my utmost to exercise the strictest economy wherever possible. 1 know, however, that members of the Council will agree with me that we also have the obligation to ensure that the troops which have been made available for peace-keeping operations can operate efficiently in acceptable conditions and be provided with the necessary support. I shall keep the members of the Council informed of our progress in striving to attain those twin objectives. 7. 1 wish to take this opportunity also to inform the Council that since my report on UNEF was issued the Government of Panama has informed me, through its Permanent Representative, that it has decided to withdraw its contingent with UNEF as of December this year. 8. 1 have recommended in the report under considcration that the mandate of UNEF should be extended for another period of six months. 1 believe that the maintenance of the present quiet in the Egypt-Israel sector is csscntial to furtbrr progress in solving the underlying problems of the Middle East and that UNEF plays a vital role in this rcgerd. I wish to say again. however. that the

I shall now put to the vote the draft resolution before the Council, A vote was taken by show of hands, 15. Basing ourselves on our principled position, the Chinese delegation did not participate in the voting on draft resolution S/l 1542, and it goes without saying that we will not pay the expenditures for theabove-mentioned Force. -The drrlff resolution was adopted by I3 votes to none.’ Two rnernbgrs (China and Iraq) didtx~ parlicipeze in the voting. IO, The PRESIDENT (interpretation from French): 1 shall now call on those representatives who wish tospeak in explanation of vote.

My delegation did not participate in the voting on the resolution contained in document S/11542, as Iraq has repeatedly dissociated itself from the Security Council resolutions which define the present role of the United Nations in the Middle East, including the resolutions which established UNEF. 11. Mr, HUANG Hua (China) (translation from Chinese): China has always held different views in principle -on the question of dispatching the so-called United Nations Force. With regard to the dispatch of the socalled “UNEF” to the Middle East, the Chinese delegation pointed out at the Security Council meeting of 25 October last year [175&h meeting] that such a practice would be of no help whatsoever to the solution of the Middle East question and that it could only pave the way for international interference, with the super-Powers as the behind-the-scenes boss. In fact, the past year has seen unabated and intensifying contention between the two super-Powers in this region. This contention manifests itself in many aspects, one of which is their contention over the question of “UNEF”. They have engaged in fierce contention and have put up one ugly performance after another, first on the question of the composition of “UNEF”, and recently on the right of control over the Uaited Nations Force, under one name or another. r ~~~ 12. A particularly remarkable show has been put on by one of the super-Powers, a self-styled “natural ally” of the Arab countries. Speaking in a passionate tone and making a hue and cry, it asked for an open~meeting at one time, and secret consultations at another, during which it produced a combination of speeches and draft resolutions. Its action is best described in the Chinese saying: “Although one professes to be a drinker, he is really not Interested in wine”. 17. United Nations forces deployed in different parts of the world have shown a tendency to continue in existence indefinitely, thereby freezing and perhaps perpetuating an iniquitous status quo. Seven years after the massive Israeli aggression against three Arab States, the Zionist forces continue to occupy the major parts of the Arab lands taken by force. The Zionists are furthermore actively engaged in implementing their expansionist policies through the so-called “creation of facts” in order to consolidate their occupation and to accomplish the eventual annexation of the large territories they covet. 18, The Council should not be content with merely agreeing to an extension of the mandate of UNEF for yet another period of time. The renewal of the mandate is a matter of immediate expendiency which could prove, in the long run, to be a very costly operation in more senses than one could care to imagine. The process of settling and annexing the Arab territories engaged in by the Zionist occupiers in the present lull in the fighting would undpubtedly lead to a greater explosion in the future, Renewing the mandate of the Force with no parallel and determined efforts by the Council and the United Nations to ensure an immedia’te Israeli withdrawal from theoccupied Arab.territories, or without any measures being taken to prevent Israel from pursuing its illegal actionsin changing the status of the occupied territories, would, albeit unjustly, make the presence of UNEFappcar ihs an act of complicity. leading, I rcpcat, to greater dangers in the future. 13, Has not the abundance of fac:s proved that it is talking about one thing while thinking and doing another? What it is dreaming about day and night is to squeeze out and overwhelm the other so as to strcngthcn its own control in the Middle East. To that end, they do not hesitate to reimpose the situation of “no war, no peace” on the people of the Middle East at the expense 01 the sovereignty of the Arab countries and the national rights of the Palestinian people. Under such circtimstances. their boast about a “just and lasting peace” in the Middle East amounts to nothing but sheer deception.

Before I proceed with the explonation of our vote, permit me, Mr. President. since this is the first time we are addressing the Council since you have assumed the Presidency, IO offer you our congratulatioiis. WC have been indeed very much encouraged by the way in which you have guided the Council through very difficult discussions LO produce this resolution that has now bocn adopted without ;I dissenting VOIC. WC arc very happy, Sir. to see you presiding over the Security Council this ’ SW rcwlution 362 (1974). 20. The Security Council has today extended the mandate of the United Nations Emergency Force in the Middle East. We believe that by this act WC have moved, if only in a small way, towards ameliorating the rather uneasy situation that still prevails there-uneasy but at the same time fairly stable. As the Secretary-General stated in his report, peace exists now rather uneasily, but UNEF should not be taken as a substitute for the lasting peace for which the Security Council originally sent the Force. 21. My delegation voted in favour of draft resolution S/l 1542 because we believed that in sodoingwe would be continuing with the steps that we have constantly been taking in trying to see that war does not return to that unhappy area. We do believe that, by extending the mandate of the Emergency Force, we shall give the parties that are directly concerned some time to think, some time to consult and to allay any worries that may distract them from the goal of achieving a peace that will be lasting, a peace that we can all take pride in having brought to that region.~ 22. Our positive vote was based on certain fundamental principles. For example, we have great interest in and attach great significance to paragraph 1, which states: 6, .I. the United Nations Emergency Force should be extended . . , until 24 April 1975, in order to assist in further efforts for the establishment of a just and las- ?Z.ting peace in the Middle East”. We have held that the purpose of stationing peace forces is not to perpetuate separation of the combatants, but to try to bring them together. We do hope, therefore, that we shall not be called upon again and again to extend the mandate of the Emergency Force; for we believe and we have faith that Hiser counsel will prevail during the ensuing months, and we shall, probably sooner than many of us think, see the withdrawal of the Force and happy faces all over the Middle East. 23. We also see another very significant principle in paragraph 4. which contains a very important element not only for the forces that are now in the Middle East, but fat the forces that are everywhere. We have held and we shall continue to hold the opinion that these forces are not national forces, but forces ofthe United Nations, and they must be able to function as integral and efficient military units. This. however. cannot be done unless the forces are given freedom of movement by all, not by only one side of the combatants. 24. We atttach great importance to this, and we hope that by odoptlng this resolution embodying these principles. we are not only assisting in a very cfticient and ver! proper wa! the manner in \vhich UNEFshould bc operat- 26. We should like to commend the Secretary-General and the members of his staff, ali of whom have worked most untiringly. They have travelled long distances, they have endured long discussions in the cause of peace. We should like also to thank those countries that have found it necessary, despite probably difficult financial burdens, to contribute troops to the Force in the area, and we extend our condolences to all the peoples and Governments that have suffered in the cause of peace.

This is the first time I have spoken, Mr. President, since you became President of the Security Council, and I therefore wish to offer you my warmest congratulations. I do this all the more willingly in that 1 am keenly aware of the special relations between your country and mine; but I do so with even more pleasure, for the month is already well advanced and we have had the opportunity to witness the masterly fashion in which you have handled various matters and the extent to which you have given us the benefit pf your wisdom and diplsmatic skill. 28. I also wish to offer congratulations to Mr. Richard, your predecessor, on having had the good fortune not to have had to convene the Council during September. Mr. Malik did his work so well in August that there was no business for September, but this obviously denied us the privilege of witnessing the great talents of Mr. Richard in the presidential chair. 29. This brings us now to the subject ofour meeting. We should like to comment briefly on the affirmative vote which my delegation has just cast on the draft resolution which was submitted to the Council. Obviously none of us could be in any doubt about the advisability of maintaining the emergency force for another six-month period. Its presence is indispensable in ensuring observance of the decisions of the Council and of the arrangements made between the parties themselves. So the Council could not fail to endorse the proposals made on this matter by the Secretary-General in his report of 12 October 1974. A reading of this document shows that the relevant services of the Secretariat have performed the difficult task entrusted to them with intelligence and dedication. My delegation wishes to say how satisfied it is with their performance, and to express to the Secretary-General our appreciation of the personal role he has played in this matter in the past year. 30. My delegation. however, must express its concern about the linancial aspects of the operation. The report of the Secretary-General puts at the figure of $83.6 million 37. One year ago renewed war broke out bctwccn Israel and its Arab neighbours, endangering the peace and the security of the entire area, Today, a year later, the Sccurity Council has made a second important contribution to preserving the present cease-fire and disengagement and, it is hoped, to moving us closer to a las.lng pcacr. By extending the mandate of UNEF for another six months, we seek to allow the necessary time and opportunity fat negotiations which are indispensable. 31. The role of the Council must be to take full charge of the functioning of an operation of this sort. It is for the Council-and here I repeat the principles we have always maintained in respect of peace-keeping operations-to define the mandate of the Force, to approve the appointment of its Commander, to set the troop strength and the ceiling for expenditures on the basis of estimates made by the Secretary-General. 38. This United Nations peace force has already made an historic impact for good in this highly strategic part ol the world. It has a record of which WC can all be proud. Despite some problems, UNEF has not only scparatcd the combatants but has hclpcd to create the climate of peace that is essential to_s_uccessful~negotiat ions, 32. However, in the case ofan operation in the financing of which all Members of the Organization are to participate, it seems in order that the specialized organs of the General Assembly should concern themselves with establishing the respective contributions and organizing the fmancial details of the operation. But any decision about the length of the mandate, the troop strength, or the technical and financial means made available to it must all remain within the exclusive competence of the Council, which must not in any circumstances abandon its prerogatives. The authority of the Council on these points cannot be shared. 39. With this renewed mandate and our vote of confidence, we arc sure that these soldiers for peace will ovcrcome any difficulties as successfully as they have solved the inevitable nroblems that have occurred in the first 12 months of the ‘existence of the Force. No force ofthis kind can expect perfect conditions for its task. The important point is that it has been an effective force for good, and WC are confident that it can continue its effective role, 33. I felt it was necessary to clarify matters in this way in the light of the differences of opinion that have come to light in the Council on the financial aspects of the operation. In this respect my delegation, which shares the preoccupations expressed by the Soviet delegation, regrets that the resolution we have adopted is not more explicit about the financial aspects of this matter. Nevertheless, we did not ;vish to delay the Council’s decision on the renewal of the Force’s mandate, we should, however, be very glad if the Secretary-General could provide at an early date all the relevant details relating to an exact statement-of expenditures actually made in the past year, and also the estimated expenditures for the new sixmonth p&d. 40. Last year’s tragic conflict brought about a realization by the parties that the only realistic means ofsettling disputes is by a processofstep-by-step negotiations based on Security Council resolutions 242 (1967) and 338 (1973). For the first time in 26 years this approach has produced concrete progress towards suck :: settlement. Significant steps have been taken, part,Jarly in the Egypt-Israel and the Israel-Syria disengagement agreemerits, The United States has been privileged to participate actively in the negotiating process. - 41. My Government is convinced, and the SUCCCSS~S of the past year have strengthened our conviction, that the only way to break through existing stalemates and move concretely towards peace is through a progrcssivs scrics of agreements. Each step bclps to change attitudes and create new situations in which further steps towards an equitable and permanent settletncnt can hc agreed upon. The United Stat:s ~lcdaes to continue strenuous cfli)rts I(? . _ achieve this goal. We thus note with approval 11un IIK Secretary-General, in his report, states that hc considers: II . . 9 the continued operation of UNEF cssrntial. not only I’or the maintcuancc oi the presctu qttiet . bm also for any assistance that may bc rcquiretl iti l‘urthci efforts for the establishment of. . . peace in the Middle East, as called for by the Security Council”(S//1536, para. 421. 34. The Council, moreover, should not wait until the end of the new six-month period before stating its views on thevariousaspects ofthc operation, On the President’s initiative, private consultation; could take place at regular intervals. This would make it possible for the Counci! to receive periodic reports on the progress of the operation. I put this idea before my colleagues in the hope that they will agree with it.

1 thank the representative of France, whose very generous words have touched me deeply, especially as the relations between my country and France have always been excellent. Govtrnmcnt’s highest appreciation to the Sccrctary- General and his Hcadquartcrs staff, and to the Commander-in-Chief of UNEF, for their faithful and dcdicatcd pcrformancc. 1 also wish to commend the civilian staff and the observers of the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) and, most of all, the UNEF troops who daily risk their lives far from their homes and familics in the tasks of peace. 43. Our deepest sympathy is extended to the Governmcnts of Canada, Peru, Finland, Panama, Indonesia, and Austria for the tragic lossofmcmbcrs ofthcir contingents who in the past few months have given their lives in the service ofpcace. Wcask the dclcgations of these countries to convey our condolences to the bereaved farnil& ol those brave men. May their sacrifice inspire our efforts to &&vc 9 per!iiancny s+tlem_cc!. 44. WC also wish to commend the troop-contributing countries for their commitment to international peace and security, for the beliefs which have motivated them to volunteer troops for this peace-keeping operation. The operation of UNEF has demonstrated effectively that the willingness of United Nations Members to assume collectivc responsibility for international peace-keeping is important. WC have all agree&that it is vitally important that UNEF should operate with the maximum efficiency possible and at the lcast cost to United Nations Members. all of whom share the financial burdens of peace-keeping. 45. We arc also aware that the Secretary-General, the troop contributors. all United Nations Members, the Security Council and the General Assembly are vitally interested in the effective and efficient operation of this Force. Efficient operation, in my Government’s view, must be coupled with maximum attention to economy. Indeed, the most efticient force is usually the leanest. My Government strongly urges the Secretary-General to continue his policy of keeping UNEF costs as low as possible, consistent with efficient operation and fair compensation to troop-contributing Governments. My delegation will be working to achieve these ends in the responsibleorgan of the General Assembly, the Fifth Committee. 46. The United States has voted in favour of the draft resolution just adopted. which csteiids the mandate ol UNEF l’or another six months, in the bclicf that further progress towards a Middle Easl scttlcmcnt can be made during this period. Wc know that pc’acc-keeping opcrations in the Middle l!ast ;IW cssclilkil to 111~ til;iiillcli;liicc of <lability during ~hc ncgotintions hctwccn the parties. hut wc also firnlly bclicvc that pcncc keeping must not twomc ;I sub:;lilutr l’or ;I just and perinunetil srttleniciit. your guidance have made obvious your ability to direct the work of the Council and to find ways for solving problems. In particular-and I should like to emphasize this-1 am glad of the fact that our positions on the questions at issue are completely identical. With all my heart, 1 wish you success in your post of high responsibility. 48. Turning to the substance of the question, the USSR delegation wishes to state the following. The Security Council is considering today a question of great international importance: whetf; the mandate of UNEF in the Egypt-Israel sector should be extended. What makes this question so significant is that the stationing of UNEF in the Egypt-Israel sector is part of a broad complex of international efforts undertaken with a view to achieving a just and lasting peace in the Middle East. A central feature of these international efforts including the efforts of the United Nations, must be the prompt and effective resumption of the Geneva Peace Conference on the Middle East. In that connexion, the continued presence of the United Nations Emergency Force in the Egypt-Israel sector constitutes a positive contribution to the maintepance of peace in that area. 49. The Soviet delegation does not object to stationing UNEF in the Egypt-Israel sector for a third six-month period; at the same time, upon instructions from the Government of the USSR, it must underscore emphatically that the separation of forces which has been arranged in the Middle East is only a first step on the way to a general settlement of the Middle East conflict. It must not be used as an-excuse for perpetuating the situinn.th4t exists today. 50. Furthermore, the USSR delegation considci-s it necessary to re-emphasise as strongly as possible that a just and lasting peace in the Middle East can be established only on the basis of the total withdrawal of all Israeli troops from all the Arab territories occupied in 1967 and the securing of the legitimate rights of the Arab people of Palestine. This has been and remains the Soviet Union’s firm position of principle. These are crucial problems and constitute the very foundation of a Middle East settlement. 51. In this connexion. the Soviet dcle&ltion also feels compelled to point out in particular that the continued presence of United Nations forces must br utihzed foi the prompt achievement of a radical political settlement in the Middic East. We see in this the principal significance of the Security Council’s decision to rxtend the mandate of UNEF I’or an additional six-month period, until 24 April 1975. 52. The general drbntc at the prcsrnt session of the General Assembly has shown that the gredt majority 01 States Mcmhcrs of the United Nations strongly favour an early Middle East settlement based 011 the complete with- 53. Concerning the financing of UNEF, the Soviet position was stated in detail during two recent unofficial consultations between the members of the Security Council, which took place on I5 and 17 October, with the participation of the Secretary-General and his assistants. 54. As we have already stated, we see nojustification for increasing the total expenditure for the maintenance of UNEF beyond the level specified by the Security Council and confirmed by the G&era1 Assembly. The USSR also holds firmly to the position that the Security Council which bears full responsibility for United Nations peace- -keeping operations, must determine both the size of the United-Nations forces and the total amount expended for their maintenance, The size of UNEF has been reduced to 4,500 men, and hence the expenses should be reduced accordingly. We have also pointed out the need for the Secretary-General to continue consultations with the States concerned, with a view to the further study of the question of compensation for the expenses of the contingents supplied by those States, and to submit a report to the Security Council in the matter. 58. It should also be particularly pointed out that the Council, in the resolution it has adopted, made a clear reference to the fact that there must be no differentiation regarding the United Nations status of the various contingents. By this decision of the Security Council, Israel is required to stop discriminating against any United vations contingents. ~~~ = 59. A political settlement in the Middle East remains one of the acute problems of today’s international politics. We must finally make sure that the decisions taken in this matter by the United Nations and by the Security Council, its principal organ for the safeguarding of peace and security, are complied with, that the Arab lands seized by Israel are liberated and the legitimate interests of the Arab people of Palestine and its right to its own national home are satisfied. If we want lasting peace to prevail in the Middle East, this must be done without further delay. As Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, said in a recent speech: .-. -- j f “A just and lasting peace must finally be established i in the Middle East. This will be a gain to the security of : every State in the region, including Israel, and we are ; convinced that such a peace will be achieved, because that is the will ofthe peoples, because that is demanded by the interests of universal security.” 55. We reaffirm our position concerning the need for handling as economically as possible the funds for the maintenance of the Emergency Force. Those funds, furnished by States Members of the United Nations at the expense of their own people and taxpayers, must be spent with the maximum economy. Weare facing a paradoxical situation: the peoples of the entire world are forced to pay for the consequences of Israeli aggression. The Security Council has the right to consider the question and shift at lfa+ppt of the financial burden to the-aggressor. 56. ‘The resolution adopted by the Security Council, as )Ve understand it, obliges the United Nations Secretariat to make every effort for maximum economy in the handling of funds for the maintenance of UNEF. The Security Council will follow closely the implementation of that resolution. 60. What can bc said concerning one statement medc at the meeting, in which the speaker bored everyone by repeating for the hundredth time his old formula about the “two super-Powers”? Like a battered and played-out gramophone record, he says the same thingoverand ovel again. What is the purpose of this’! It is IO disguise his position, the position of his country; but that position is completely obvious from his statement and from his vote. He gloats when any disagreement arises between 111~ representatives of the major Powers concerning ~hc Council’s formulation of resolutions. He would rejoice and gloat even more if the disagreements grew into more serious clashes. In the Middle Easy his country stands not 57. In deciding to extend the mandate of the United Nations Emergency Force in the Egypt-lsrael sector, the Security Council could not, of course, ignore such an important question asguaranteeing the freedom ofmovement of all contingents of the Force in that sector. We should I!ke to express our sincere gratitude IO the representatives of the non-aligned countries for their support of thr Soviet delegation’s initiative in this matter. The political and practical importance of this question is obvious, since the question concerns Israel‘s politically motivated discrimination against the contingents ofcer- 61, We are proud of the fact that in the Security Council we stand with the third world on this important question. In contrast, the one that has claimed to be the protector and friend ofthe third world is standing on the other side of the barricades. We are proud of the fact that we stood with the representatives of the third world in the Security Council in October of last year, when, at their initiative and with our support, for the first time in the history of the Orgauization, a United Nations Emergency Force was established on terms close to those of the Charter of the United Nations. This United Nations operation is close to the principles of the Charter in its character and its implementation, but it has not yet been brought completely in line with them. In many cases, the Council stays aloof fr-Qm-theeleadership of~such operations. 62. We firmly maintain that peace-keeping operations should be handled by the Security Council. The Council should be the master and commander-in-chief of such operations and of such United Nations emergency forces as are set up to carry them out. This is fully in keeping with the Charter, and we have been fighting for this in the United Nations for 29 years; we are very gratified that, on this question as on others, we share the position of the third world countries. 63, With regard to assistance and support for the Arab people in its legitimate strug$e against Israeli aggression and for the return of the land that lawfully belongs to it, for the restoraiion of the legitimate rights of the Arab people of Palestine, everyone knows how the Soviet Union has helped and is continuing to help in that legiti- ~te_and~sacred~struggle. 1 64. The head of the Chinese delegation, speaking in the general debate at the twenty=ninth session of the General Assembly,’ spoke highly of the great victory of the Bgyptian people in last year’s October war. But he failed to say that the weapons for that victory were supplied not by that speaker’s country but by the Soviet Union and its people. The most modern weapons and rockets were supplied by the Soviet Union, and that helped to brinp victory. Therefore’, any slander concerning the position of the Soviet Union on the question of the Middle East is being circulated only in order to conceal his own position. which is essentially not helpful to the Arab p:%r,ple but prevents it from gaining the victory and ridding itself of the aggressor. That is where the approach of the Soviet Union and its people differs from the leadership of the country on whose behalf that speaker took the floor here. 66. We have heard another statement from the lofty rostrum of the twenty-ninth session of the General Assembly-a statement by our distinguished friend, Foreign Minister Fahmy of Egypt.’ He spoke highly of the Soviet Union’s co-operation and friendship with Egypt an4 jts assistance to Egypt in its struggle for the right,~~ 67. As to the assistance given by the Soviet Union to the Arab Palestinian people in its legitimate struggle for its rights, I take the liberty of quoting a cable from Mr. Arafat, which was published in the Soviet press today. Yasser Arafat, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization, has sent L. I. Brezhnev a cable in which he expressed profound gratitude on behalf of the Palestinian people for the firm position taken by the Soviet Union and the socialist community in support of the Palestinian people and its legitimate cause, The cable reads as follows: “Your speech delivered ‘at Kishinev, capital of the Moldavian Republic, in which you declared your determination to give unswerving assistance to our people’s struggle for its legitimate rights, including its right to a national home, has made a profound impression on ‘the minds ofXte broad massesof our oteadfa_stly struggling vp!e. c “Our people will not forget the position of principle taken by you and by the people of thegreat Soviet Union in providing assistance at this difficult and hard time for our people, when it is resisting the attacks of imperialism and Zionism, which are trying to destroy its national existence.” That is my brief reply to the broken record about the “two super-Powers”,

My delegation, Mr. President, feels privileged to serve under your wiseguidance during the present month. It seems traditional that the month of October should bring heavy and important business to our Council. We feel confident that the tact, experience and diplomatic skill which you, Mr. President, bring to the President’s chair personally, as well as the intcrnational prestige and the peaceful policies of your country, the United Republic of Cameroon, will be of great benefit to us all. talcn~s, of which the gift of chairmanship is certainly one, this must have been a sacrifice for which we should like 10 -of this year. 4~~~~1iicnd him. 75. 1 believe that countries such as mine, which have a direct share in the operation can, with perhaps increased 70. We have just extended the mandate of UNEF for another period of six months and it seems appropriate, 4icrcforc, to cast a short look backwards at the situation as -it existed only a year ago. On the night of 2V22 October authority, bear evidence to the particular importance of enabling the Force to function as an integral and efficient military unit in the area of operations. This is significant not only in terms of political considerations but also with regard to the status, efficiency and, last but not Icast, the 1973. the Sccuritv Council adooted resolution 338 (19731 prop&i by the’united States of America and the Sovie; Union and calling, in one of its key provisions, for an immediate cease-tire in the Middle East. The establishment morale of any multinational force. We express lhc hope that as the operation proceeds progress can also beachieved in that respect thanks to the action undertaken by the of UNEF by the Security Council only a few days later (resohtiott 340(1973)] was the indispensable complement to this speedy and momentous, decision! Secretary-General. 76. Another aspect of considerable importance to my country-particularly since it has contributed troops-- which should likewise be ofconcern toall Membersofthe United Nations is the question of providing adequate financial means for the past and future operations of the 71. Looking back on a year of UNEF presence and activity in the Middle East, one can say-and I believe without cxaggeraiion-that this has been one of the most efficient and one of the most successful United Nallons operations in ;?eev:ntful history ofpeace-keeping. When we consider the situation as it existed then, it might be sufficient to compare a military confrontation of threate- Force. We feel that the almost universally accepted principle of collective responsibility for peace-keeping, which -we, like many others, have consistently advocated in various bodies of the United Nations. bears particular relevance to this very question. For the first time in the ning dimensions-which many thought might at any given moment escalate into a conflict of unforeseen consequetlces--with the quiet which prevails and has now prevailed for some time in the Egypt-Israel sector. Ifany history of the Organization, that principle was applied when the Force was being established. further proof was necessary, this operation has shown us once again what a central role the United Nations plays in 77. ~Considering the financing of the Force-and, indeed, of peace-keeping operations in general--the two basic considerations of maximum efficiency and economy must constitute a necessary point of departure. 1 believe peace-keeping grid peace-making. 72. This operation further demonstrates that, despite long-standing differences of opinion. -In the principles of everybody would subscribe to that. But maximum economy can and should be effected only lo the extent that it neither endangers the operational capacity ofthe Force lo carry out its mandate nor constitutes an additional factor peace-keeping, an operation like this can be made to work ifall the members of the main organ of the United Nations charged with the maintenance of international peace and srcurity arc genuinely willing and prepared to set aside disagreement on issues of principle when a highly dangejeopardizing the personal safety or health of the men in the field, for which we are all responsible. rous situation requires swift, decisive and concerted action. 78. .I wish to assure the Security Council that small countries such as Austria take their role in the maintenance of international peace, and in United Nations peace-keeping in particular, very seriously indeed. Their 73. I would not venture here 10 go into the substance of issues all too well known by us all. Whatever position one might take in regard to the muI functions and responsibilities of the Council as compared with those of the role may be’ more modest-indeed, it is more modestthan that of several other factors in the process, but it is still’ indispensable. 1 am sure the small countries are willing and prepared to shoulder their share by providing Secretary-GcIIcraI in pcacc-keeping operations, one elemcnt remains and in our opinion needs tobcdulyemphasized: the cxcmplary relationship, communciaIion and interplay hctnecn the Security Council and thesecretarytroops or whatever may be required. Bui at thesamc time I strongly feel that it should bc our common concern IO maintain tha! willingness and cvcn IO strengthen iI. and not to create conditions whcrc the share of the sm;~ll <iencr;Il whiclI have prcvailcd in caIab1ishin.g UNEFand 111 wlwqi~cntl~ carqing out its functions successfully. countries bccomcs maIcrially and thus politically unbcarablc. I cxprcss the hope [haI those considerations will bc borne in mind when the question of financing ~hc Force 74. Ilic (‘ouncil has been kept fully inf’ormcd 011 all r~iallci’s 01. policy. organisation and operation affecting for the past and for lhc future is considcrcd in thr appropriatc bodies of Ihe Unitctl Nations. lltc l’orcc illld hi15 rcpcalcdly. cithcr officially or in inl’ormal coiisulIatioiI~. pronounced i!sclf on various matters 111 Ihi\ rqard. It is thercforc appropriate, I believe, to pay ;I Irlhulr IO Ilic Sccrctary-Ciencral. IO his associates either 79. In conclusion, I feel the following fact should and must be stress&. This, like any other llnitcd Nations on Ihc polic\-making or :)n Ihe operaiional level. ‘s well we twst strive with even more determination for a truly ~gcnuinc and lasting political settlement in the Middle East. From that dctermincd effort, which is based on principles spelled out in the rcsolutionsofthe Council, no oiic is cxeit!pt. -xtJ. Today the Council has made a new contribution. Other highly constructive. patient efforts arc under way to achieve lhal goal. Wc express the hope that lhosc efforts will bear fruit, and we plcdgc our firm and continued support for the cause ofa just and lasting peace in thcMiddlc hasIr XI, Mr. SALAZAR (Costa Rica) (itwyrrrativn /ion1 SpatUdI): Mr. Prcsidcnt. my delegation associates itself ~with the congratulations that have been addressed to you on your assuming the Prcsidcncy ofthc Security Council -for this month. I had not yet had the opportunity to doso, - on behalfoftnydclcgatiotl and personally, I must say that it is a great pleasure that your country and the one I represent maintain cordial relations and participate, as developing countries, in the struggles and concerns which cmanatc from our&sire I’or bcttcr living conditions fog ourpeoples. X2. As for the subject under discussion, my delegation has considered with great intcrcst the report of the Secretary-General. It is a precise account of the delicate task that has been given UNEF in the Middle East. An analysis of that report reveals and confirms the wisdom of the decision by the Security Council a year ago to create ths United Nations Emergency Force for the Middle East. One year later, it is with genuine satisfaction that we can say that because of the creation of the United Nations Emergency Force and the decisive role it has played in devetopments in the Middle East, the hope ofa just and lasting peace is more than a distant and tmattainable [nitages While the initial role of the Force wus to guurantee the cease-fire agreements called r’or by the Council, its later duties concerning the disengagement of forces rrmoved the danger new armed confrontations; without a doubt, it has created conditions that had nrvcr existed before facilitating the achievement of specific pcacc agrcc~nc~~ts by the parties involved. X3. My delegation wishes toexpress its keen gratitude to tlic Scci’cl;irv-(icncr~il l.or the w;i! be IlilS carried out his rcspcuicibilit~cs in connesion with IrNl<I-. I tc has becu ~i~cticuI~~us in currying out the t’ouncil’s n~;~ridat~. and lib reports lo us revcal the depth 01’ his dedication to the SIIL’CC’I:, of 1111’ I’orcc. X4. While we hope that in the not tot> J;a .:tnt I’ulurc the tIill.tiCb involvd in the Mlddlc ILht coIIi;Kt Kill I’cslll~lc their conversations vvith a \.ic’w to attaining more lasting ob.jcctivcs. in the present circumstances there can he 11o and fruitful role you have played in the affairs of the Council during your Presidency, and assure you of my delegation’s continued full co-operation and support in the remainder of the month. Had not your predecessor, the representative ofthe United Kingdom, managed skilfully to preserve throughout September such harmony everywhere as IO absolve him from the necessity of convening a meeting, we should certainly have extended to him the same willing support, X6. My delegation voted in favour of draft resolution S/I I542 for the same reasons that we supported resolution 346( 1974)adopted by theCouncil on 8 April last. We considered then, as we cr,nsider now, that the continued presence of UNEF in the Middle East is indispensable not only to the maintenance of the quiet prevailing in its area of operation but, equally important, to the creation of an atmosphere in which a final solution to the problems of the Middle East can come about. We are particularly ~mindful of the fact that at this time a further round of negotiations and consultations is under way between the parties most directly concerned. We therefore consider that any action we take here should complement those consultations and contribute in whatever way possible to their successful outcome. I3y voting to renew the UNEF mandate today, the Council has ensured that those ncgotiations can proceed in the confident hope that on the ground the military situation will remain quiet. 87. We have given the Secretary-General’s report the close attention it deserves and we commend him and his staff for providing us with another comprehensive record on UNEF, We are grateful to him too for the progress reports isst@ regutly_sincc: ~the establishment of the Force. 88. There are several matters arising out of the Secretary-General’s report that I should like to touch on briefly. First, as regards the performance of UNEF in the field, we must all again congratulate the Force Commander, Lieutonant-General Ensio Siilasvuo, the officers and men ofthe contingents and the civilian staff on a job well done in conditions far from ideal. They have carried out efficiently and effectively the tasks given them by the Council. X9. Secondly. my delegation offers to Canada and Peru and to the bcrcavcd families of the officers and men concerned our condolences on lhr tragic losses tlicv hiivc sufkrcd in the past six months. We are all too paml’ully aware that soliders withour enemies arc not inimunc hrom casualties in their service .n lho cause ol’ peace. Y(l, Thirdly. I\\\ dclcgation shares tlicconccrn ofotlws. those around tl;is table as will as non-memhcrs of the (‘ouncil. at the financial position which UNEL‘ is now placed. The Secretary-General has disclosed that. if he is to meet all his obligations with regard 1’) UNEF and tion has made and is making to peace in the area is one in which I think WC may ;III tukc pride, cumstances surrounding the establishment of UNEF and the speed with which the Force was formed, that original cost estimates had to be tentative ones and that variations would inevitably occur and adjustments become neces- 95, I should like also lo join those who have commended the conduct of the Force in carrying out its diflicult and at times delicate tasks over the past six months. Sitting in New York it is a little too easy at times to forget the problems and hardships faced by those who have to sary. We also appreciate that there were a number of -factors quite outside the Secretariat’s ability to control. Nevertheless, the size of the adjustments that the Secretary-General considers necessary is disconcerting, operate on the ground, and I think we owe a special debt of gratitude to those countries which have contributed contingents to the Force. It is on them that wedcpcndfor the continued ability of the United Nations to perform its to say the least, and my delegation sees the need for an -early and full examination of UNEF finances in the Fifth Committee of the General Assembly, We consider it important that avenues be explored which might lead to the elimination or at least reduction of the commitment the Secretariat faces. We shall be prepared to join in active discussion oft these questions. essential peace-keeping role. We fully appreciate :hat this has entailed their making sacrifices, sometimes extremely real and painful sacrifices, as, for cxamplc, in the tragic crash of the United Nations aircraft in Syria in August in which nine membersofthe Canadian contingent lost their lives. 91. With the creation of UNEF the United Nations has broken new ground in the method by which a peace- 96. It is with these considerations in mind that my delekeeping force has been financed. Members have agreed to assume a collective responsibility for its costs, and this we regard as a most important and welcome development. It follows that in the discussion of the financial situation of gation believes that the troop-contributing coumries should receive adequate reimbursement for the services they are providing, and in particular that those countries least well placed to bear it should not be asked to make financial sacrifices in addition lo the other sacrifices they UNEF all Members should have the opportunity to express their views. While the ultimate authority over the Force’s operations, including of course its over-all cost. must reside with the Council, it is only logical and proper are already making. At the same time, it would, ofcourse, clearly be difficult for us to agree that reimbursement should be set at a level above that strictly necessary to cover the cost of the troops. We hope that an equitable that a detailed financial examination of the Force-should be-undertaken in.Jbe appropriate committees. solution can be reached which would provide adequate and fair reimbursement for the contributors as well as satisfying the concern which has been expressed in the 92, Let me conclude by expressing the hope that in the period of the renewed mandate we shall see further progress towards the attainment of a just and lasting settlement in the Middle East. The road ahead, as we know, is itot an easy one, there are many difficulties to overcome, Council that the Force should be run with as much econolliy as-possible, and in doing this all parties will undoubtedly be required to display the same statesmanship, good will and forbearance that haye ~bcc+ght us thus far along the path lo 97, Next, I should like to pay a tribute to the Secretary General and his staff for their efforts and for the efficiency and Ihe skill which they have shown in the running of the peace. Force. We are very conscious of the problems and the uncertainties which have surrounded their task, particularly in view of the circumstances and the speed with which the Force had to be established last year. 93. -Mr, RICHARD (United Kingdom): Mr. President, may I start by congratulating you upon the assumption of the high office of President of the Security Council, After the rigours of the month of August and the efforts that we #re undertaking in October, il may be that September will be seen in retrospect as a period of tranquillity and peace. Certainly I hope you would agree that I handed over the 98. At the same time, I am sure the Secretary-General will have taken careful note of the concern expressed by the Council that the United Nations Emergency Force should bc maint;lilled wi[h 1111: maximum efficiency and Security Council to you rested. economy. We share tlult concern. WC think it is quite right that the Council. which has the over-all authoritv I’or the Force, should express its views clearly on this p&l. WC 94. My delegation was very glad indeed to join others around this table in supporting thedraft resolution which we havejust adopted. WC agree with thcjudgcment ofthe also think it right to couple ihcsc two coilsidcrations, economy mid cl’l‘icicncy. logclhrr. f-or howcvc~. iniflortanl the final considernlions may bc. Oicy must ncvcr be nllowctl to impair lhc cl’l‘icicncy 01‘ lhc I:orcc and itb cll‘cctivencss to Cilrry out ils mandalc. Secretary-General in his report that the continued operation of’ UNEF is essential to provide the necessary conditions for negotiations which we hope will lead to a just and lasting settlement. It is not our wish that what wassct up as an cmcrgcncy force should become permanent, any more than that the present measure of disengagemcni should be confused with that l’u11 and l’air and final SC[~IC’- 99. f:inally. I should like to rcall’irm wl~at I said in the Council in April 1 /765//i rwcriu,y/]. whc’n Lhc man&W 01 ihc f:orcc W;IS rc’ncwcd I’or ;I second his nionthx. M! tnent that we all still seek. But we believe that the role Govcrnnicnt draws ;I clc’ar tlislinclion hrtwccn lhc prcs- IO helpful in tho negotiations thcmsclvcs, 100, Mr. KANE (Mauritania) (interprctation jwtt Frenc/t): Since the head of the Mauritanian dclcgation to the Security Council, Ambassador Ei Hasscn, is now on a mission for our Govcrmnem, ~1 have the honour and privilege to extend to you, Sir, the sincere congratulations of the Mauritanian delegation on your accession IO the Presidency of the Security Council for this month. All those who have had the prlvilcgc of working with you are well aware of your talcntsasa skillcd,discrcet and patient diplomat. My dclcgation wishes also IO congratulate, through you, your country, the United Republic ofCameroon. with which my country, the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, maintains friendly relations on the basis of fruitful and mutually advantageous co-operation. I am convinced that under your wise guidance the Security ~~~nc~!soyk~=~ilI-~c=~~~~r~~~~~~~h su_cccss. 101. I should like to express our gratitude also to your prcdccessor. Ambassador Richard of the United King dam, for the tact and fairness with which hc guided the Security Council’s work last month. 102. I would take this opportunity to express my delcgation‘s condolcnccs to the delegation of Iraq 011 that country’s cruel loss of its Minister for Foreign Affairs. who died a few days ago in Morocco. We extend our deepest condolcnccs to the Govcmmcn! and people of Iraq. 103, The search for just and lasting solutions through peaceful means has been a constant feature of the Mauritanian Govermnent’s foreign policy, as indeed it has been and remains the basic concern of the Mauritania11 delegation in the Security Council. My delegation’s support for the resolution just adopted bv the Security Council on the extension of the mandate 0; the United Nations Emergency Force in the Middle East is eloquent proof of that position taken by my Government. 104. Everyone is aware that despite the praiseworthy efforts made in the Middle East to ensure that there will finally be a just and lasting peace in that region, the situation of “no war. no peace”, which is encouraged by some bccausc it is temporarily to their ndvantagc. Can at any momenl cngcndcr a conllict with incnlcuablc CoIlsCqlICIlCCs. 105. Thus, in ordct to alrsisl the Security Council iii its efforts to maintain lhis fragile pcncc which Iios wt lo bc dcfincd. my dclcgation supported the rcsoluiion just adopted. It goes without saying 1ha1 this extension ofthc nlund;r~c of UNEl:-which involves additional cspo~sc for some dcvclopinp countries ;IIKI <onsti1utcs a I.lrpc sacrifice for the coumrich with military contingents in the arca-must br put to use in order 10 cnsurc substantial progress towards a sclllc~i~c~i~ bawd 011 juslicc and law. today-especially if the Security Council’s efforts towards peace fail. 107, For its part, my delegation can only express the sincere hope that this additional period will make possible the establishment alla just and lasting peace in the Middle East.

Speaking for the first time under your Presidency, Sir, 1 have the great plcasure of extending to you my delegation’s congratulations on your accession to the Presidency of the Council for the month of October. It is the more gratifying for my delegation IO see you, a distinguished son of Cameroon and Africa, in the chair during this month of October, when the Council is seized of a question of the relations between the United Nations and South Africa,a question of great importancenot only to Africa but to .the whole world. 109. My delegation would like to congratulate also the outgoing President, Ambassador Ivor Richard of the United Kingdom, who had the good fortune to steer the Cotmcil through thr relati.vely quiet month ofseptember. 110. 1 am going to confine my remarks to the question of the extension of the mandate of UNEF for another six months. Indonesia’s view with regard to the Middle East conflict and its solution is well known; I do not need to repeat it and can therefore be relatively brief. I1 1. My delegation would like to thank the Secretary- General for his report, which in a comprehensive manner rcflccts the activities of UNEF during the period from 2 April to 12 October 1974 and the problems, including the financial ones, facing UNEF ifit is expected to perform in an efficient and effective manner the task assigtied to it. It is certai?ly not for Indonesia, as one of the troopcontributing countries, to praise UNEF on its performance. My delegation would like. however, to express its thanks and high appreciation to the Secretary-General for the role he has personally played and is playing in assisting the efforts to bring a just and lasting peace to the Middle East. Indonesia is happy to learn from the Secrctarv-Gcricral’s report that UNEF, under the conlmand of Gcncral Siilasvuo. has discharged the duties enlrusted to it in il satisfactory manner. 112. l‘hc Council has adopted !he resolution contained in document S/I 1542 al the exteGon of the mandate of UNEF for a further period of six months starting tomorrow. 24 Ociober 1974. My delegation voted in favour of 1hc draft resolution because we think that the Council should continue IO as.& the efforts at establishing a just and lasting peace in 1hc Middle East. However. my delegation would like 10 cxprcss its cspectation that the prcscncc of UNEF will indeed assist those efforts. and that its II solution which will bring peace to the region. Neither will the General Assembly react with great enthusiasm if yrar after year it is going to be confronted with a demand for cxpcnditurc for the new six-month period cannot SI;III~ up to criticism. In noting this, my delegation calls attention to the fact that the resolution which has just been adopted refers expressly to maximum uco~~otny. WC hope funds-which apparently has a tendency to increase csnstantly-for the maintenance of UNEF, unless it can -be convinced that progress is indeed being made towards that the LJnitcd NationsSecretariat will do whatever may be necessary to implement that provision of the resolution concerning economy of resources. the achievement of a just and lasting peace in the Middle East, 113. Meanwhile. as a troop-contributing country, my delegation would like to make it clear that it is Indonesia’s view that UNEF should be treated as a unit: that there should be no discrimination in the treatment of its com- 117, As is well known, the Security Council, in rcsollltion 338 (1973). adopted in October 1973. dccidcd thut negotiations should start immediately (and I cmphasizc the word “immediately”) for a political settlement of the ponent contingents, whether within UNEF itself or by parties involved in the conflict. My delegation would like to interpret paragraph 4 of the resolution as including a request to the Secretary-General to increase his efforts to eliminate alLkinds of discriminatory restrictions on the movements of the contingents to ensure that all contingents shall be accorded, by the parties involved, the same contlict and for the establishment of a just and durable prace in the Middle East. This task has been cntrustcd to the Pcace~Confcrence at Gcncva. 118. ~Thc extension of the mandate of UNEF for the third time is indicative of the delay in reaching such a settlement, We agree that the presence in the Egypt-Israel ~freedom of movement, in the whole area of their operation. This will certainly increase the efficiency and etfecsector of the Emergency Force, which is carrying out its mission of ensuring observance of the ccasc-fire and implementing the troop disengagement agreement, is producing favourable results as far as the maintenance 01 tiveness of the Force, 114. Mr, TCHERNOUCHTCHENKO (Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic) (translationfrom Russian): Mr. President, allaw me first of all to offer you my cordial peace is concerned. However, the troop discngagemcnt must be regarded as only a first step towards an over-all settlement and in no way takes the place ofa settlement of the problem itself. congratulations on your assumption of the high office of Pnsident of the Security Council. You are occupying it during a crucial period when the Security Council is working intensively and is considering extremely important questions in the interests of the peace and security 01 the peoples of the world and the enhancement of the role 119. In the present situation, the carlicst possible resumption of the Genrva Peace Conference with the participation~of all the parties concerned. including thr and authority of the United Nations. I should like to wish you every success in the fulfilment of your exalted and noble mission. Palestinians, would be an important step towards the attainment of a just and lasting peace in the Middle East. It is time for the ruling circles of Israel tostop shying away from resumption of the work of the Conference. 115. The delegation of the Byelorussian SSR voted in 120.. As to the settlement itself, it can beachicvcdon the basis of the withdrawal of Israeli troops from all the Arab favour of the draft resolution providing for an extension of the mandate of the United Nations Emeraencv Force in the Middle East for a further six months. Gith-regard to the resolution which has been adopted, we should like to state the following. Our delegation considers that paraterritories seized by them in 1967 and theguarantee of thr legitimate rights and interests of the Arab people of Palestine. The Byelorussian SSR actively supports and consistently fights for the just cause ofthe Arab States. It sharca the indignation of the Arab States at the aggressive policy graph 4 of this resolution is a definite step forward and we are confident that its strict implementation will make it possible to raise the effectiveness of all the military units composed of various contingents reprcscnting States of had, which continues to dKClilre that it IlilS 110 intcn tion of returning to the 1967 borders. This crcatcs CVCII Members of the IJnited Nations. WC arc confident that the problem of restriction of the freedom ofmovement of mm coinpticalioiis 011 ttic road to sctttrmcnt. personnel of certain contingents will finally bc solved. I‘his resolution essentially calls to order the aggressor- Israel-which is discriminating against units from certain countries and thcrcby grossly violating the rights and 121. ‘I’hc Hyelorussiaii tlclCpiltiOl1. together \\I111 8’1 peace-loving States. ildVOC~ltC!S tlir earlirst possihtc pcjtili cal settlcmcnt of the situation in the Midtllc li;~bt. M! &legation bcliuvcs that 1l1c ~~rwsix~~mot~tl~ prriotl I~IIU IX lililing to respect the status of the IJnitcd Nations troops. usccl to ilie niaxinlutn bcndit so 111;1t IIIC talks at <;CIIC\.I. aflcr their rcsumptioli. will tcac! 9 positive rcsitlls and 11) 111~ chtablishmcnt ol.;t just and tasting pcacc in 111~ M~dtttt~ li;lsl. All the SliltCS 01 tllc rcgioli u.ou:cI gain froiii Illi\. I IO. ‘I‘hc Byclorussian delegation bclicvcs that it ih prcciscly the Security Council which, by exercising full C‘OII- ~1.01 over the course of peace-keeping operations. must and so wc~uld Ilic pcoptcsoftlicc~iti~c world who iirc l~-ut! congratulate you on the brilliant work that you have already accomplished and tell you that I am confident you will achieve success in your endeavours. None of this surprises me. for I am well acquainted with your talents, yourwisdom and your far-sightedness. 123. I could not, under the pretext that there were no public meetings of the Council during the month ofSeptcmbcr. omit to state my tribute to your predecessor. Ambassador Ivor Richard, who, I am sure, would have presided over our debates in public with all the intelligence and brilliance of which he has given US such CIOyuen! proof during past debates, 124. I should like to thank all the delegations that were kind snough to extend their condolences to my Governmcnt on the tragic loss of Peruvian soldiers in the Sinai. May we assure you that even in our sorrow we have felt proud to serve, cvcn to that point, in the cause of maintaining peace as part of IJNEF, 125. Our reading of the Secretary-General’s report on the IJnited Nations Emergency Force f’or the period from 2 April to 12 October 1974 could lead US to no position other than the one wc have just adopted. Indeed, the continued presence of the Force has proved to bc one ot the conditions for the maintenance of a state of calmunfortunately a precarious one-in the Sinai Peninsula. I wish, however, to state that I have been impressed by the words of the representative of Iraq concerning the need for parallel and simultaneous measures to overcome the fundamental obstacles to thc~establishment~ofa just and \ast&g pcacc in the region. - 126. Peru, not only as a member of the Council but also through the contingent it hascontributed to UNEFthat is now on the Golan Heights, has been able to perceive in the most d~ircct fashion the urgency for proceeding to implement the provisions of resolution 338 (1973) and subsequent resolutions of the Council. This, in our view, is the meaning @Illparagraph I of the resolution we have just adopted. . i 127. Regarding paragraph 3. which perhaps euphemistically or crilic;llly summariK5 ccrtnin scnsilivc aspects of ihc mandate 01’ IJNt:l:. I cun h;ly only th;11 1 shall bc vcr) ~nuch surprised if un accuptablc balance is achieved htwccn cl’l’icicncy and w~nomy. WC should perhaps ask 011rscIvc5 \vhethcr thcrc is not a certain contradiction bct\\crn ~hcsc t~vo ideas. I II ;cny cast. it is not our underhtnnding that that parnq~~ph puts any sort ot’strait-jacket on 1111’ C’ouncil or on the S~Crcl;lr~-(iKllKr~ll. 13. I sh~,uld not like IO wncludc u.ithout cxprcssinp Ilitgratilutlc 01 rn\ tlclcg;~tion 10 11~~ SccrclarF-Cicncral lor lhc rcpc~rt hc ha\ 5uhniittcd to us ;~ntl. ahove all. out th;lnks to him and 111\ ;IM\I:II~~X in Ncn York ;~ntl iii 111~ Midcilc lJ;~st l’or [heir unrcl~~nting cl‘l’orts to ovc’rcomc the

And now, in my capacity as rcprcsentativc of 111~’ UNITED REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON, I sllould like briefly to cxpl_ai;n-thc--vqtLj -cfl:[by my dclcg;Wi. 130. First, on behalf of the delegation of the United Republic of Cameroon, 1 wish to express my gratitude to the Secretary-General for’the clear and thorough report he has submitted to the Security Council on tllc IJnitctl Nations Emergency Force in the Middle East, and also I’OI the untiring efforts he is exerting to bring about ~hc advent of a just and lasting peace in that region. 131. By its vote in favour of draft resolution S/I IS42 which the Council has just adopted, my delegation has once more wished to demonstrate its conviction that the peace-making work of UNEF should be continued as long as the root causes underlying all the frustration, all the distrust of the peoples and the war itself arc me! defin$vely_er_adica_!ed from the region. 132. 1 wish to avail myself of this opportunity to offer my congratulations once more to the Governments which, at theexpense ofgreat sacrifices and in the cause of mankind, are continuing to place contingents at the disposal of the Qrganization, ! 133. I should also like to pay a tribute to the Commander, the officers and the soldiers of IJNEF. to the observers of UNTSO, and to the representatives of the International Committee of the Red Cross for the cfficiency and devotion with which they are discharging thcit duties under conditionsthat are oft%! dangerous. 134. As with any other human enterprise, the function. ing of UNEF, despite the successes achieved thus I;lr. is not free from certain shortcomings. I am, however, convinced that the frank and constructive exchange of views that has taken place on this subject among the members of the Council and the Secretary-General will contributr usefully to the search for equitable solutions with regard to the problems of the restrictions imposed on the freedom of movement of the members of certain contingents of the Force, the reimbursement of the exprnscs inc,urrcd by the countries whosr contingents arc scrvinp in 1 itil. I, and certain other financial aspects. 135. Pcacc-keeping operations arc not iin c,nd in ~hcm sclvcs but, to bc really beneficial to the inlcl ILIIIOI~~I~ community. should bc conducted I~I~LY~CT \t ith WIOII~ ncgotiolions among the partics directI! conc~~r~i~~~l III raising the question ol’ 111~. rclatlonship hct\~c~~~l 111~~ opetxtions and the prwcss of cht;lblixlling ~(‘;I~T. VIII Sccrctary-Gcncral. in lhc iillrotluclioi~ IO liih r~‘p~l I I-I: I III. work 01’ the Orpani/ation for 1111s vc61r. \\IIIL ,. I3 13'i, Since my delegation shares the concern of the,. who are disturbed at seeing peace-keeping operations, whose usefulness is undeniable, deeply discredited in -world public opinion, because it believes that these operations are costly to the Organieation, when it is called upon to play a constantly active role in the area of the economic development of States, 1 express the hope that very soon there will be a just and 111, iing peace in the Middle East, a peace based particularly on the withdrawal of Israel from Arab territories which have been occupied by force since 1967 and taking into account the legitimate and inalienable ig&tx!!l!!e Pale_s_!jnianpeople. = il : 141. The PRESlDENT (interpretation flom French): The representative of the Soviet Union wishes to exercise the right of reply, 138. That is the end of my statement on behalf of my country. Now, as PRESIDENT of the Council, I should like to inform the members of the Council that the repretentative of China has asked to be permitted to speak in exercise of the right of reply.

Out of respect for the Security Council and for the guests who are present in this room, and in view of the utterly slanderous nature of the statement which has just been made, the delegation of the Soviet Union does not consider it necessary to react to this routine expression of the pathological anti-sovietism of the previous speaker. It considers it to be beneath its dignity to enter into polemics with him. No matter how often slander is repeated, it never becomes truth.

In connexion with the unreasonable remarks made by Mr. Malik tojustipi himself, it will suffice for me just to say a few words. It is known to all that the Soviet Government has taken advantage of the temporary difficulties of the Arab countries and the Palestinian people in an attempt to bring the countries of this region under its control and to contend for, and expand, its spheres of influence. In fact, the expression “to fish in troubled waters” is the best description of the actions of no one else but themselves. 143. An unenviable and thankless duty has devolved upon that speaker. If he himself believes in the slander against the Soviet Union which he repeats at nearly every meeting of the Security Council, then we, simply as a matter of humanity, are sorry for him. ) Ibid. Twenty-nlnrh Sessloa Supptemenr No. IA, p. 4 b Ibid, Twenty-ninth ?feTJion. Plenary @e/lngs, 2242nd mcetiq. 4.. 00300 74-820;LAu~w 1983-2425