S/PV.186 Security Council

If there is no objection, I st,lggest that we insert this item on today's agenda. . Colonel HODGSON (Aus~rana) : I am not speaking on this particular point, but I should like to invite the attention of the President and the other members of the Council to the order of the meetings that are planned. I gather that the original intention of the President was that there should .be another meeting, tomorrow morning, on the admission of new Members. Of course, it all depends on the progress we make this afternoon, but my Government has in mind the urgency of the Indonesian question. We think it would be preferable to have a meeting tomorrow morning on the Indonesian question instead of on the question of new Members, 'because, according to our calculations, the time limit for the Council'-s report on new Members is 21 or 22 August - that is, Thursday or Friday - depending on the way in which .the stipulated period of twenty-five days is calcula"ed. We suggest that the second meeting on this subject should be held later this week and that a meeting on the Indonesian question should be held tomorrow. .

I do not think the remarks of the representative of Australia have any bearing on the agenda which we are now discussing. After the adoption of the agenda, he'will have the opportunity to discuss the matter he has in mind. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of· Soviet Socialist" Republics) (translated from Russian): I had in- .tended to raise the question mentioned here by the Australian representative in connexion with the discussion of the agenda. I think the Security Council is progressing too slowly in its consideration of the Indonesian question. We know that reports· are being received f.rom ,.Indonesia to the effect that military operations have still not ceased there, but are continuing in certain places. We also know that political and diplomatic pressure is being brought to bear on the Government of the Indonesian Republic to for~e it to adopt a decision on arbitration questions WhICh would really mean by-passing the United Nations and the Security Council. - Obviously, the_ Council must take appropriate measures to eliminate the uncertainty now prevailing with regard to cert.ain aspects of the Indonesian question, and must take a decision commensurate with the. gravity of this problem. I think, therefore, that we should arrange a meeting on the Indonesian question for tomorrow morning, at any 'rate, and certainly not later than tomorrow. Perhaps we might even meet this evening, if circumstances permit. If there are no objections, I shall consider that procedure adopted. We shall have the next meeting on the Indonesian question tomorrow morning. The Security Council will now take up the application of Pakistan for membership, which is an urgent matter and should be included on today's agenda. The agenda was adopted with the additional item. 310. Discu~ion on the application of Pakistan

With regard to the application of Pakistan, the members will note that rule 59 of the rules of. procedure states: "The S'ecretary- General shall immediately place the application for membership before the representatives on the Security Council. Unless the Security Council de- . ) cides otherwise, the application shall De referred by the President to a committee of the Security Council . . ." - that is, unless the Security Council decides otherwise. n is not absolutely necessary to have each application referred to the Committee on the Admission of New Members. The Security Council may decide otherwise. The Security Council· may take a final decision on the application without referring it to the Committee. I suggest that this application should be treated in that way without referring it to the Committee on the Admission of New Members, and that the Security Council should take a decision on the application. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (United Kingdom): I entirely agree..I was thinking myself of proposing to .the Council that the members should decide in this case to omit the formality of referring the application of Pakistan to the Committee. This particular case seems to me to be a s~mple and straightforward, as well as an excephonal, case. . . I d? n~t think ~he Committee would have any du 310. Discussion de l'admission Pakistan Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : Apropos de la deman~e du Pakistan, les membres du Conseil se rappelleront que l'article Si> de notre n~~glenient interieur declare: "Le Secretaire general porte immediatement a la connaissance des representants au Conseil de securite la demande d'admission. A moins que le Conseil de securite n'en decide autrement, le President renvoie la demande d'admission a l'examen d'un comite du Conseil de securite. . ."; il est dit: a moins que le Conseil de securite n'en decide autrement. I1 n'est pas absoIument necessaire que chaque demande soit portee devant le Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres. Le Conseil de securite peut en decider autrement et prendre une decision definitive sur la demande, sans renvoyer celle-ci au Comite. Je propose que le Conseil de securite traite ainsi la demande dont il s'agit, sans la renvoyer au Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres, et en prenant lui-meme une decision sur ladite demande. . Sir Alexander CADOGAN (Royaume-Uni) (traduit de l'anglais) : Je suis entierement d'accord. Je songeais moi-meme it proposer au Conseil que les membI-es decident, dan~ ce cas particulier, de se dispenser de la formalite du renvoi de la demande du Pakistan au CQmite d'admission des nouveaux Membres. Le cas qui nous occupe me parait aussi simple et aussi clair qu'exceptionnel. Je ne pense pas que le Comite eprouverait la moindre difficulte a convenir de rec6mmander la demande; aussi, afin de gagner du temps, je

If there is no objection, we --shall decide upon the ca.se of Pakistan immediately. ~ pas d'avis contraire, nous alIons tout de suite decider du cas du Pakistan. Comme il n'y a pas d'opposition a I'admissiori du Pakistan, le Conseil de securite peut maintenant decider de recommander, dans son rapport a l'Assemblee generale, l'admission du Pakistan a1'0rganisation des Nations Unies. Puisque cette propo'sition ne souleve pas d'objection, nous pouvons. la considerer comme adoptee. En consequence, l'admission du Pakistan est approuvee par le Conseil de securite, et la recommandation de celui-ci sur I'admission du Pakistan comme Membre des Nations Unies figurera dans son rapport al'Assemblee generate. M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (tradttit du russe) : Je ne vois pas tres bien quel est en ce moment l'objet de notre discussion: est-ce la demande d'admission du Pakistan, ou l'inscription de cette de~ande a l'ordre du jour du Conseil? Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Notre premiere demarche a consiste a discuter cette question et a l'inscrire a l'ordre du jour. Comme ce point a ete adopic, nous sommes passes a l'etape suivante: l'admission du Pakistan comme Membre des Nations Unies. S'il ya une opposition, nous ne donnerons certainement pas notre approbation cette fois-ci. M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques sodalistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe) : Je propose d'examiner ces demandes dans l'ordre OU eUes nous ont ete presentees. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): J'avais declare que, sauf objection, nous considererions I'admission comme decidee; du moment qu'il y a une opposition, nous remettrons h question a plUs tard: nous examinerons la demande du Pakistan a sa place dans l'ordre chronologique, en meme temps que les autres demandes. Nous aborderons maintenant le point suivant de l'ordre du jour: le rapport du Comite d'admission d~s nouveaux Membres. As there is no objection to the admission of Pakistan, the Security Council may now decide to submit its recommendation on the admission of Pakistan to the United Nations ·in its report to the General Assembly. ..J As no objection is raised to this suggestion, we may consider it approved. Ther.efore, the admissionof Pakistan is approved by the Security Council, whose recommendation on the subject will be included in its report to the General Assembly. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): It is not quite clear to me what we are now deciding: the application. for the' admission of Pakistan or the inclusion in the agenda of the application for Pakistan's admission. The PRESIDENT: The first step w;e took was to discuss this question and to place it on the agenda. As this was. adopted, we passed to 'the next step, which was the admIssion of Pakistan to the United Nations. If there is any objection to that, we ·shall certainly not approve it at this time. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): I propose that these applications be considered in the order in which they were received. The PRESIDENT: I said that if there were no objection, we should consider the admission decided upon, but as there is an objection, we shall postpone the question and consider the application of Pakistan in its chronological order along with the other applications. We shall now deal with the next item on the agenda: the report of the Committee on the Admission of New Members. 311. Rapport du Comite d'admission des nouveaux·Membres At the invitation of the President, Mr. Acha, Surl'invitation du President, M. Acha, Pre- Chairman of the Committee on the Admission of sident' du Comi# d'admission des nouveauX New Members, took his seat at the Council table. Membres, prend place ala table du Conseil. Mr. ACHA (Chairman of the Committee on the M. ACHA (President du Comite d'admis~ion Admission of New Members) : On behalf of the des nouveauX membres) (traduit de l'anglais): Committee on the Admissiqn of New Members, I Au nom du Comite d'admission des gouveaux 311. Report of the Committee on the Admission of New Members The Committee has further examined the new applications referred to it by the Security Council, namely, those of Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy, Roumania, and Yemen. , The Committee has examined all of the eleven applications in the light of the requirements laid down in Article 4 of the Charter which requires, first, that the applicant State should be peaceloving; secondly, that the applicant State should accept the obligations of the Charter, and thirdly, that the State should be able and willing to carry out these obligations. The Committee, with the efficient assistance of the Secretariat, collected all the information available in order to give the members of the Security Council sufficient basis to reach a decision on these applications. Each 'application was thoroughly discussed; the report which the Committee is submitting to the Council contains a resume of all statements, and the statements in full of some members of the Committee as appendices. In presenting the report, the Committee hopes that it may help the Security Council in its discussion and decision. The report also contains a summary of the discussion on each application, and a statement of the formal attitudes of various delegations regarding the desirability of the admission of applicant States. Finally, the application of the Kingdom of Yemen having met with no objection in the Committee, the Committee considers that the Security Council may recommend to the Genera.i Assembly the admission of Yemen to membership in the United Nations. As regards all the other applicationsl the members of the Security Council will note from the report that unanimity was not reache~d in the Committee. 312. Discussion on the' admission of new Members

I suggest we discuss the applications one by one in their chronological order. According to its date of submission, the first application is that of the People's Republic of 1 Voir les Proces-verbaux officiels du Conseil de securite, Deuxieme Annee, No 55, 152eme seance. • Voir les Proces-verbau~ officiels du Conseil de securite, Premiere Annee, deuxieme serie, Supplement No 4, Annexe 7, contenant le rapport du Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres pour l'annee 1946 (document . S/133). Le Comite a, en outre, examine les nouvelles demandes qui lui ont ete renvoyees par le Conseil de securite, a savoir: celles de l'Autriche, de la Bulgarie, de la Hongrie, de I'Italie, de la Roumanie et du Yemen. Le Comite a examine ces onze demandes cl la lumiere des conditions posees par l'Article 4 de la Charte: Premierement, l'Etat qui adresse une demande d'admission est-il un Etat pacifique? Deuxiemement, accepte-t-il les obligations de la Charte? Troisiemement, est-il capable de remplir ces obligations et dispose cl le faire? Le Comite, avec l'aide efficace du Secretariat, a rassemble tous les renseignements qu'il a ete possible de reunir pour donner aux membres du Conseil de securite des elementsd'appreciation solide qui leur permettent de prendre une decision sur ces demandes. Chaque demande a ete discutee dans le plus grand detail et le rapport que le Comite soumet aujourd'hui au Conseil comporte un resume de toutes les declarations qui ont ete faites, ainsi que, en annexe, le texte in extenso des declarations de certains membres du Comite. En presentant le rapport, le Comite espere pouvoir aider le Conseil de securite dans sa discussion et dans sa decision. Le rapport contient aussi un resume de la discussion sur chaque demande et definit la position officielle des diverses delegations en ce qui concerne l'opportunite de l'afimission des Etats ~ostulants. Enfin, la demande du Royaume du Yemen n'ayant pas souleve d'objection au sein du Comite" le Comite estime que le Conseil de securite peut recommander cl l'Assemblee general~ l'admission' du Yemen cl l'Organisation des Nations Unies. En ce qui concerne toutes les autres demandes, les membres du Conseil de securite remarqueront, d'apres le rapport, que l'unanimite n'a pu se faire au sein du Comite. 312. Discussion sur l'admission de nouveaux Memhres Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'ang1ais) : Je propose que nous discutions les demandes rune apres l'autre, selon leur ordre chronologique. Dans ces conditions, la premiere est celle de la Repu- The attitudes of the delegations in reference to the application of Albania are noted in chapter Ill, sub-section 3(1) of the report. If there is no change in any of those attitudes, the Council need not discuss this matter any further. I have one further remark which I wish to make. At the twenty-second meeting of the Committee, the Syrian delegation made a proposal, quoted in chapter V of the report, which would settle the entire problem. Because of the lack of time available to the Committee to discuss this-' proposal fully, the Syrian representative reserved the right of his delegation to bring up the proposal in the Security Council. If it should be accepted,' there would, be no need to discuss the matter further. The proposal is to admit the five nations which applied for membership last year and whose admission was not recommended to the Generai Assembly; and as regards the other five applicants, they wuuld be admitted following the ratification of their peace treaties, without further discussion or consideration in the Committee. 'If this proposal were accepted, the question would be settled. I notice, however, that the proposal was not supported by sufficient members in the Committee. If it is approved and supported by some of the members, it may be discussed here. Otherwise, as the representative of Syria, I should like to express my attitude in regard to each of the applications, separately. Mr. KERNO (Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Legal Affairs): On instructions from the Secretary-General, I should like to make the following statement to the members of the Security Council. . At the fifty·.fourth met'jng of the Security Council, held on :::8 August 1946, the Secrrtary- General made a statemenF from which I wish to quote the following passage: "... Les Membres fondateurs des Nations Unies et tous les grands pays qui font partie de notre Organisation sont conve~us, et ont repete a maintes reprises, que l'Organisation des Nations Unies doit etre aussi universelle que possible. C'est la un point sur lequel aucune serieuse divergence de vues ne s'est manifestee. En ma qualite de Secretaire gene- "... the founding Membl';s of ':1e UnIted Nations and all the great Powers which form part of our Organization have agreed, on numerous occasions, that the United Nations must be as u!1iversal as possible. This is one subject on which there has never been a serious difference of opinion. For this reason, in my capacity as Secretary-General of the United Nations, I 1 pour 'le texte de la demande d'admission, voir les Proces-verbaux ojJiciels dtt Conseil de securite, Premiere Annee, deuxieme serie, Supplement No 4, Annexe 6. a) L'admission immediate de l'Albanie, de I'Irlande, de la Republique populaire de Mongolie, du Pakistan, du Portugal, de la Transjordanie et du Yemen; (a) The admission of. Albani~, Ireland, Mongolian People's RepublIc, Pakistan, Portugal, Transjordan and Yemen at once; (b) The admission of Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy and Roumania as soon as the peace treaties with these countries have come into force. b) L'admission de l'Autriche, de la Bulgarie, de la Hongrie, de I'Italie et de la Roumanie, des que les traites de paix avec ces pays seront entres en vigueur. Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (tradttit de l'anglais): Je ne vois pas c1airement s'il ressort de la remarque que le President a faite tout a l'heure qu'il se reserve encore le droit de presenter a nouveau sa proposition; ce point. est encore moins clair pour moi apres la declaration que vient de faire le Secretaire general adjoint. Si le President a toujours l'intention de presenter une proposition, je pense qu'il conviendrait de le faire maintenant, car ce1a influera sur la procedure qui a ete suggeree et qui consisterait it prendre chaque pays a son tour et a proceder it des votes separes. Si ie President a l'intention de presenter a nouveau cette proposition, j'estime donc qu'il devrait le faire immediatement. Colonel :aODGSON (Australia) : From the President's remarks, I am not certain whether he still reserves the right to bring forward his proposal, in view of the declaration just made by the Assistant Secretary-General. 1£ the proposal is to be brought forward at some stage, I think that it should be presented now, because it is going to affect the procedure just indiCated; that is, taking up each country separately and voting on it. Therefore, if it is the President's intention to bring it forward again, I think that he should do so immediately. Le PRESIDENT (trad2tit de l'ang1ais) : Je pensais que, si la proposition que nous avons soumise etait accepb~e a l'unanimite, il n'y aurait pas besoin de poursuivre la discussion. Autrement dit, il n'y aurait pas besoin de discuter chaque demande separement, puisque la proposition de la Syrie s'applique a e1les toutes. M. TSIANG (Chine) (traduit de l'ang1ais'l: La proposition soumise par le representant de la Syrie s'inspire d'un esprit analogue it celui de la recomm~ndationfaite par le Secretaire general. Si nous souhaitons tous voir les Nations Unies devenir une organisation aussi universelle que possible, il n'en reste pas moins que la Charte prescrit certainec; conditions pour i'admiss~{)n des Membres. Ma delegation estime que les titres d'admission doivent etre exal'nines un par un. C'est pourquoi je m'opPQse a l'adoption de cette resolution comme al'acceptation de la recomman- .dation faite par le Secretaire general. Je suis partisan d'un vote separe pour chaque pays.

I thought that if this proposal were unanimously accepted, there would be no' need to continue the discussion. In other words, there would be DO need to discuss each application separately, as the Syrian proposal applies to all of them. . Mr. TSIANG (China): The proposal submitted by the representative of Syria is similar in spirit to the recommendation made by the Secretary- General. While we all wish to see membership in the United Nations as universal as possible, the Charter does contain certain conditions with regard to membership. It is the opinion of my delegation that t.lte qualifications for membership should be examined ODe by one. Therefore, I should be opposed to the adoption of this resolution or the acceptance of the recommendation made· by the Secretary-General. I favour a separate vote for each country. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): pu moment que cette resol~tion se heurte a. l'opposition d'un des membres permanents du Conseil, nous n'en poursuivrons pas l'examen. Nous passons ala discussion des demandes prises separement en commen«;ant par celle de l'Albanie.

As long as this resolution is opposed by one of the permanent members of the Security Council, we shall not discuss it any further. We shall pass on to a discussion of the individual applications, begimling with that of Albania. ApPLICATION OF ALBANIA DEMANDE D'ADMISSION DE L'ALBANIE M.r. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Re- M.· GROMYKO (Union des Reflubiiques sociapubhcs) (translated from Russian) : The Governlistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): L'annee ment of t~e USSR supported the appllcation of derniere, le Gouvernement de I'URSS a appuye the Albaman People's RepubliC for admission to la demande d'admission a. I'Organisaticn des t1;e U:nited Nat~ons .last year. Unfortunately, the Nations Unies que nous avait adressee la Repu- Secunty CouncIl did not at that time deem it blique populaire d'Albanie. Malheureusement, a. possible to take an affirmative decision on this cette epoqu,e, le Conseil de securite n'a. pas crn appli~ation. This year also the USSR Government pouvoir prendre une decision favorable a ce and the USS~ delegation suppo t the application sujet. Cette annee, le 90uvernement et la deleof t.he Albaman People's Repu' c for admission gation de l'URSS appuient de nouveau la deto the United Nations, as the' consider that mande d'admission a I'Organisation des Nations ~:;:':~:=<"~:,~~ndedof._~~:s~ ~ue nous a fait parvenir la Republique During the war years, the Albanian People's Republic was on the side of the Allies: The Albanian people and the Albanian army of national liberation created during the war fought against the fascist invaders, and against the Italian and German troops, and inflicted considerable losses on the occupying forces. I shall confine myself to quoting two figures in this connexion. The Albanians put out of action 53,639 Italian and German soldiers and officers, killed, wounded and prisoners. In battles with fascist occupation troops, the Albanians themselves lost 28,800 men, of whom 12,600 were killed or wounded. As a result of enemy occupation, Albania sustained considerable material losses, estimated at 3,830 million gold francs. I quoted detailed information on this question when Albania's application was discussed last year at the fifty-fifth meeting of the Security CounciP. The USSR member of the Committee on the Admission of New Members also gave detailed information on Albania's contribution to the common cause of the Allies in the struggle against the fascist aggressor States2• Statesmen of the United States of America, the United Kingdom and the USSR have acknowledged Albania's contribution to the common cause of the Allies during the war. For instance, members of the Security Council are undoubtedly familiar with the statement made on 10 December 1942 by the United States Secretary of State, Mr. Cordell Hull, in which the following passage occurs: "The Government of the United States is 'not unmindful of the continued resistance of the Albanian people to the Italian fortes of occupation. The effort of the various guerilla bands ,operating against the' common enemy in ,Albania is admired and, appreciated. The Government and people of the United Stateslook forward to the day when effective military assistance can be given these brave men to drive the invader from their homes'." "Le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis n'oublie pas la resistance que le peuple albanais n'a cesse d'opposer aux troupes italiennes d'occupatioii. 11 admire et apprecie les efforts des differentes formations de partisans qui luttent en Albanie contre l'ennemi commun.' Le Gouvernement et le peuple des Etats-Unis attendent le jour ou l'on pourra preter aces hommes courageux une assistance militaire efficace qui permettra de chasser les envahisseurs'." Les membres du Conseil n'ignorent pas non plus que M. Eden, ancien Ministre des Affaires etrangeres du Royamne-Uni, a fait lui-meme une declaration a ce sujet. En repondant, le,17 decembre 1942, aux, questions qui lui avaient ete posees a la Chambre des Communes, M. Eden a declare: Members of the Council also know of a statement made by the former British Foreign Secretary, Mr. Eden. In reply to a question in the House of Commons on 17 December 1942, Mr. Eden said: "His 'Majesty's Government sympathizes with the fa,te of the Albanians, a people among the earliest victims of fascist aggression. They wish to see Albania freed from the Italian yoke and restored to her independence . . ."of "Le Gouvernement de Sa Majeste sympathise avec le peuple albanais qui a ete l'une des premieres victimes, de l'agression fasciste., 11 voudrait voir l'Albanie liheree du joug italien et independante de nouveau . . .4" 1 Voir les Proces-verbaux, officiels dlr' Conseil de securite, Premiere Annee, deuxieme serie, No 4, 55eme sc'ance. " • Ibid., . Premiere Annee, ,deuxieme serie, Supplement No .4, Appendices 3, 6 et 9; ibid., Deuxieme Annee, Supplement special No 3, Appendices 1 et 2. • Ibid., Premiere annee, deuxieme serie, Supplement No 4, Appendice 7, Addenda B. ' , 2 Ibid., First Year, Second Series, Supplement No. 4, Appendices.3, 6 and 9; ibid." Second Year, Special Supplement No. 3, Appendices 1 and 2. 3 Ibid., First Year, Second Series, Supplement No. 4, AppendIX 7, Addendum B. •Ibid., First Year, Second Series,Appendix 7, Addendum E. ' Incidentally, it should be mentioned in passing that some of these traitors who fought. against the Allies and for the Axis Powers are even now in Greece and are actually giving active assistance in the fight against the Greek guerillas. I think this is a'fact that merits some attention. I will not expatiate further on this question, since members of the Council have sufficient materialtexts of relevant statements, memoranda and other documents - so that anyone who wishes to study the question is in a position to do so. In' conclusion, I wish to say that in rejecting the Albanian application the Security Council would be taking an unjust dec,ision. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (United Kingdom): I hesitate to ask to be permitted to speak, in view of the request which the President addressed to members of the Council a short while ago that they should not repeat what had been said either last year or this year in the Committee. However, since the representative of the USSR has made a .statement containing no new arguments, I dQ WIsh to make a short comment, if I may be allowed to do so. In the first place,.we consider it more important to look at Albania as she is than to consider what she .did or may have done in the past. I must remmd the Council that the present Albanian Government seemed to my Government to suffer under two disabilities. In the first place, the majority ?f the Council found that the present On a affirme parfois que 1'Albanie avait prete son concours aux Puissances de 1'Axe. On a remarque a ce propos que des unites albanaises avaient combattu contre 1es troupes grecques. Mais nous ne devons pas oublier que, s'il y avait un petit groupe de traitres ~lbanais qui aidc.\ient les occupants et luttaient contre les Allies, il y aV'ait eJ,'autre part une Albanie qui ccmbattait les occupants fascistes aux cotes des Allies. Ceux qui affirment que l'Albanie aurait aide les pays de 1'1\xe, confondent 1'A1banie populaire, qui avait pris cause pour 1es Allies, avec un groupe insigllifiant de personnes qui pretendaient agir au nom de ce pays, tout en trahissant ses interets aillsi que les interets des Allies. Je dois faire remarquer, a 'ce propos, qu'un certain llombre de ces traitres, qui avaient combattu contre les Allies et pour les pays de l'Axe, se trouvent encore maintenant en Grece et que meme ils prennent une part active a la 1utte contre les partisans grecs. C'est la, me semble-t-il, un fait qui merite de retenir notre attention. Je ne m'etend'rai ~pas davantage sur ~ette question, car les documents, declarations et memorandums dont dispose a ce sujet le Conseil de securite sont assez nombreux pour que ceux qui desirent voir clair dans la question puissent le faire. Pour conclure, je veux vous faire' observer que le rejet de la demande de l'Albanie serait, de la part du Conseil de securite, une decision injuste. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (Royaume-Uni) (tf'.3~ duit de l'ang1ais) : J'hesite, a demander la paroh, car, il y a que1ques instants, le President aprie membres du Conseil de ne pas repeter ce qui a ete dit au sein du Comite l'an dernier ou cette annee. Toutefois, puisque le representant de l'URSS a fait une declaration qui n'a rien apporte de nouveau, je tiens, si le President le veut biens a faire quelques tres brefs commentaires. En premier lieu, 1J"--'~ jugeons plus important de considerer ce que. Albanie estaujourd'hui plutot que cequ'eIle a fait ou peqt avoir fait dans le passe. Je dois rappeler au Conseil que l'actuel Gouvernement de l'Albanie a paru, aux yeux de mon Gouvernernent, souffrh" dedetix graves defauts. D'abord, la majorite du Conseil I apologize for breaking the President's rule, but I hope we shall be able to observe it in the further stages of this discussion. Mr. ]OHNSON (United States of America) : The United States delegation will have to oppose the application of Albania for membership in the United Nations for the reasons which were fully stated in the third, sixteenth and seventeenth meetings of the Committee on the Admission of New Members, and which are available in the Committee's report bef0re usJ • Those reasons are the same ones mentidned by the representative of the United Kingdom. There is one other reason which I believe the United Kingdom representative did not mention: the careless disregard which the present Government of Albania has for the international obligations which bound Albania with other countries before the war - for example, bilateral treaties regardin.g the most ordinary things, such a.s postal money o:rders and other matters of an administrative nature which have nothing whatever to do with commercial policy. Furthermore, in relation to any treaties the United States might have had with Albania, the United States would have been glad to consider any request for reconsideration from Albania, but we consider such a request inadmissible since Albania has repudiated those obligations unilaterally. Mr. KATz-SuCHY (Poland): The Polish delegation supports the admission of Albania. I am not going to enter again into the reasons for this attitude, since these were stated during the discussion last year". I wish simply to state that should Albania not be admitted for the reasons we have heard from the representatives of the United States and the United Kingdom, it would be contrary to the rules laid down in the Charter and the rules of procedure. M. ]OHNSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) (trad~tit de l'anglais) : La delegation des Etats-Uni5 devra s'opposer a la demande d'admission de l'Albanie comme Membre des Nations Unies, pour des raisons qui ont ete pleinement deve- )loppees au cours des troisieme, seizieme et dlxseptieme seances du Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres, et que 1'0n peut trouver dans le rapport du Comite que nous avons re<;uJ • En un mot, ces raisons sont les memes que celles qu'invoque le representant du Royaume- Uni; mais i1 y en a une autre qui, je crois, n'a pas ete mentionnee par ce dernier: a savoir, le mepris que le Gouvernement actuel de l'Albanie a pour les obligations internd.tionales qui liaient l'Albanie a d'autres pays avant la guerre-par exemple, pour les traites bilateraux concernant les questions les plus ordinaires, comme celle des mandats-poste et autres questions administratives, qui n'ont rien a voir avec la politique commerciale. J'ajouterai que, en ce qui concerne les traites que les Etats-Unis pouvaient avoir avec l'Albanie, mon pays aurait ete pret a prendre en consideration toute demande de revision emanant de l'Albanie, mais nous jugeons inadmissible que l'Albanie ait repudie ses obligations d'une maniere unilaterale. M. KATz-SuCHY (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais) : La delegation polonaise appuie la demande d'admission de l'Albanie. ]e ne vais pas entrer dans les raisons de cette attitude, puisque cellesci ont ete exposees au cours de la discussion de I'annee derniere4• ]e veux simplement declarer que, si I'Albanie n'etait pas admise en raison des arguments que nous avons entendus de la part des representants des Etats-Unis et du Royaume- Uni, i1 y aurait la un acte contraire aux regles enoncees dans la Charte, ainsi qu'a notre reglement interieur. 1Voir les Proces-verbau% officiels du Conseil de securite, Deuxieme Annee, Supplement No 10, Annexe 22. • Voir les Proces-verbau% officiels du Conseil de securite, Deuxieme Annee, Supplement special No 2 (document S/360). • Voir les Proces-verbau% officiels du Conseil de securite,Premiere Annee, deuxieme serie, Supplement No 4, Appendice 5; ibid., Deuxieme Annee, Supplement special No 3, Appendice 3; et les documents S/CNM/3, S/C.2/SR.16, S/C.Z/SR.16/Corr.l et S/C.2/SR.l7. 'Voir les documents S/CNM/3, S/CNM/5, S/CNM 76 et S/CNM/12; et les Proces-verbau% officiels du Conseil. de securite, Premiere Annee, premiere serie, No 35, 42eme seance. Other reasons have been stated in the Committee on the Admission of New Members; for instance, the fact that Albania has refused admittance to the Sub-Commission, after her own investigation proved that the incidents were invented. It seems very peculiar to hear such reasons stated here, especially when there are Members who have refused to accept the recommendations of the General Assembly with regard to Spain, and other matters, and are doing it by general consent and without rebuke. A vote was taken by a show of hands. The application was rejected by 4 votes to 3, with 4 abstentions. Votes for: Poland, Syria, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Votes against: Australia, Belgium, United Kingdom, United States of America. Abstentions: Brazil, China, Colombia, France. DEMANDE D'ADMISSION DE LA REPUBLIQUE POPULAIRE DE MONGOLIE Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Nous passons maintenant a la deuxieme demande, celIe de la Republique populaire de Mongolie. Je me permets de renouveler ma demande initiale, en rappelant au Conseil que, s'il veut s'acquitter de ses obligations, il sera preferable gue ses membres evitent de repeter des declarations qui ont deja re<;u toute la publicite desirable lorsqu'elles ont ete formulees au sein du Comite ou dans d'autres reunions. Ces declarations sont contenues dans le rapport du Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres, aillsi que dans d'autresrapports, dans les minutes et dans les procesverbaux de l'Organisationl • M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): En depit de l'appel du President, je ne crois pas que nous puissions eviter une discussion, car, si nous l'evitions, .nous risquerions de transformer notre reunion en une simple formalite. Nous examinons en ce moment la qliestion de l'admission d'un certain nombre de pays au sein de l'Organisation des Nations Unies. Cette ques- , tion me semble etre assez grave pour que nous' permettions a ceux qui. le desirent d'exprimer leur OpiniCli. CeIa ne signifie pas qu'il faille repeter les theses qui ont deja ete exposees d'une ApPLICATION OF THE MONGOLJ:A?,.- PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC The PRESIDENT: We shall now pass to L;,e second application, that of the Mongolian People's Republic. I venture to repeat my first request that, in order to fulfil our responsibilities as a Securit)'r Council, there should be no repetition of the statements which received very wide publicity when they were made in the Committee or in other meetings. These statements are contained in the report of the Committee on the Admission of New Members and in other repor-ts, in the minutes, and in the verbatim records of the United Nationsl . Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): I find it impossible to comply with the President's appeal to refrain from discussion, unless it is desired to confine our meeting to empty. and fonnal procedu~e. W ~ are discussing the. question of admitting certam countries to the United Nations. I think this q~estion sufficiently serious to permit those who WIsh to do so to give their views. This does not mean that we need to talk about the con- ~lusions, which are set forth at adequate length 10 the documents. Nevertheless, I think I should 1 Voir les documents S/CNM/4, S/CNMI7, S!CNM/ 12, S/CNM/18, S/CNM/19, S/C.Z/SR. 21 et S/C2 /SR.22; les Proces-verbau:;; officiels du Conseil de securiU, Premiere Annee, deuxieme serie, No 4, 55eme seance; ibid., No 5, 56eme et 57eme seances; ibid., Supplement No 4, Appendice 11, les Proces-verbq,u:;; officiels du Conseil de securiU, Deuxieme Annee, Supplement special No 3, Appendices 4, 5 et 6. 1 See documents S/CNM/4, S/CNMI7, S/CNM/12 S/C;~M/18, S/CNM/19, S/C.2/SR.21 and S/C.2/SR.22; Off~c~al .Re,cords of the Security Council, First Year, ~7echond SerIeS, N!>,.4, 55th meeting; ibid., No. 5, 56th and t. !l1eetmgs;. ~b~d., Supplement No. 4, Appendix 11; The Mongolian People's Republic is a relatively young State. It emerged on the international scene only recently, and may be considered one of those countries which received their independence after a long and stubborn struggle. We all know that, in addition to the USSR, China also recognized the independence of the Mongolian People's Republic last year; later I shall deal briefly with China's attitude this year. First, I wish to draw the Security Council's attention to the fact that the Mongolian People's Republic participated in the war against Japan. During the war, it sent its army to Manchuria along with the USSR armies. Thus, the Mongolian People's Republic-took a direct part in the armed struggle of the Allies against Japan. I would remind members of the Council that the army of the Mongolian People's Republie which took part in that struggle numbered some 80,000 and it lost several thousand men killed. ~lusieurs milliers de tues. Bien que, preeedemment, la Chine n'ait pas proteste contre l'admission de la Republique populaire de Mongolie it l'Organisation des Nations Unies et qu'elle ait meme appuye la candidature de ce pays, cette annee elle souleve des objections d~vant le Comite d'admission. La delegation de I'URSS estime que ces objections sont denuees de fondement, etant donne que les informations publiees en Chine par l'agence officielle chinoise Central News ne correspondent pas it la realite. Ce n'est pas la Mongolie qui a provoque les incidents it la frontiere' sinomongole, et notamment celui du 9 juinl • Il suffit de se reporter aux faits et aux cartes geographiql.les pour s'en eonvaincre. En effet, les cartes qui sont ~ la disposition de la Republique populaire de Mongolie, de I'Union des Republiques sodalistes sovietiques et de la Chine elle-meme, indiquent que la region revendiquee par les Chino!s fait partie du territoire de la Republique de Mongolie. Par consequent, it est incomprehensible que la Chine veuille prouver qu'elle a raison, en s'efforcsant de refuter les arguments de la Republique populaire d~ Mongolie et en contestant son bon droit. Les arguments dont usent certains autres representants au Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres sont'encore moins fondes, car ne disposant d.'aucune information directe, ils se contentent d'invoquer l'attitude prise par le representant de la Chine pour s'opposer it l'admission de la Republique populaire de Mongolie a l'Organisation des Nations Unies. Ce que j'ai dit m'amene it conclure que, en rejetant la demande d'admission de la Republique populaire de Mongolie, le Conseil de securite prendrait une decision injuste. La delegation de l'URSS est d'avis que la Republique populaire de Mongolie satisfait pleinement aux condi#ons que la Charte des Nations Unies impose aux Etats desireux de devenir Membres de cette Organisation., . The members of the Council know that, although China had previously not objected to the admission of the Mongolian People's Republic to the United Nations, but had supported it, this year it raised objections to it in the Committee on the Admission of New Members. The USSR delegation considers that these objections are illfounded, ~ince the information published in China by the Chinese official agency, Central News, does not correspond with the facts.- The incidents which took place on the frontier between the Mongolian People's Republic and China, on 9 June, were not provoked by the Mongoliansi • This is corroborated by the facts and by maps, since, according to all the maps available not only to the Mongolian People's Republic but to the USSR and, apparently, also to China, the district claimed by China is in the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic. It is, therefore, absolutely incomprehensible why the Chinese claim to be right in this matter, and are trying to prove the Mongolian People's Republic in the wrong and to refute its arguments. Still less justified are the arguments used by certain other members of the Committee on the Admission of New Members2, who have merely based their opinions on the position' taken by the Cr~neserepresentative and adduced no facts of their own, to bar the Mongolian People's Republic from admission to the United Nations. The facts I have adduced lead me to the conclusion that a negative decision by the Security Council on the application of the Mongolian People's Republic would be an incorrect decision. The USSR delegation considers that the Mongolian People's Republic fully meets the requirements laid down in the United Nations Charter for States applying for· admission to the United Nations. This year, unfortunately, in the month of June, Mongolian troops invaded the border up to a place called Peitaishan. Peitaishan is well over one hundred kilometres inside the old administrative boundary. At the time of the recognition of its independence, Mongolia accepted that boundary without protest. Since then, we have not heard any expression of dissatisfaction with regard to that boundary. The first time that we heard of this boundary was in connexion with an armed incursion into Chinese territory to a depth of more than one hundred kilometers. People might ·think that· this was' simply an expression of nomadic instinct. That is not quite true, because this army incursion included a certain number of airplanes. Therefore, I feel obliged to oppose the admission of Mongolia on the ground that it is riot a peace-loving State.

As there are no further comments, I shall put to a vote the application of' Mongolia. A vote was taken by a show' of hands. There were 3 votes in favour, 3 against and 5 abstentions. The application was not adopted. Votes for: Poland, Syria, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Votes against: China, United Kingdom, United States of America. Abstentions: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Colombia, France.

We shall now consider the third application, that of the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan. ApPLICATION OF TRANSJORDAN M.r. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist RepU'~ltcs) (translated from Russian): Last year the U~SR delegation did not feel it could support TransJordan's application for. admission to the United Nations for reasons to which I shall refer la~erl. F?r ~he sa~e re~sons we cannot support thIS applIcatIOn thIS year. A.,s we all know, Transjordan was a mandated terntory. In the laSot two years, the United Kingdom ~as taken certain action with regard to TransJordan. This action was unilateral. The Goverru;nent of the United Kingdom gave no '~~e docu~ents S/CNMI7: S/CNM/ll, S/C.2/SR.19; ~fftcml Re~ords of the Security Council, First Year, F~con\: Senes, No. 5, 56th and 57th meetings; ibid., lrst ear, Supplement No. 4 pages 68-72' and ibid Second Year, Special Supplement No. 3, pag~s 14-15. ., her,H. DEMANDE· D'ADMISSION DE LA TRANSJORDANIE M. GROMYKO (Union. des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): L'annee derniere, la delegation de l'URSS n'a pas cru pouvoir appuyer la demande. d'admission que nous avait adressee la Transjordanie, pour des raisons dont je parlerai tout a l'heure1• Cette annee, pour les memes raisons, nous ne pouvons appuyer l~ demande de la Transjordanie.' . On sait que la Transjordanie etait un territoire sous lllandat. Au cours des deux dernieres annees, le Royaume-Uni· a entrepris certaines actions a l'egard de ce pays. Ces actions ~taient d'un caraclere unilateral. Le Gouvernement du 'Voir lesdocuments S/CNM/7, S/CNM/ll S/C.2/ SR.19; les Proces-verbauJ; officiels df~ Conseil de'securite Premiere Annee, deuxieme serie, No 5, 56eme et 57~m~ seances; ibid., Premiere Annee, Supplement No 4, pages 68-72; et ibid., Deuxieme Annee, Supplement speciaf No 3, pages 14-15. . Sir Alexander CADOGAN (United Kingdom): With due respect to the suggestion of the President that we should not repeat at length previouslydeclared reasons, I shall confine myself to referring to statements made by myself or other represeD:- tatives of my Government either in the Security Coundl last year or in the Committee on the Admission of New Members!. Those statements answer all the points.raised by the representative of the USSR, none of which are new. My Government thinks that Transjordan should be admitted to the United Nations, and I think it would be very unjust to reject its application for admission. Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America): The United States is very glad to support this application. The opinions of other representatives on these applications for new membership are always extremely interesting to me, whether they support or oppose the application~. What is ~ost interes~­ ing are the reasons whlch they give for thelr approval or opposition. I must say that in the case of Transjordan I listened very attentively to the representative of the USSR, and the reasons that he gave for not supporting the application of Transjordan, when viewed in the light of the reasons he gave for supporting the application of the Mongolian People's Republic, leave me in a state of complete mental confusion. The PRESIDENT: According to the explanations distributed !by the Secretariat of the United Nations, I find before me a passage in document S/CNM/W.5 which reads as follows: "... on 9 February and 18 Apri11946 respectively that the Assembly of the Dnlted Nations and that of the League of Nations adopted resolutions wel-. coming the end of the Mandate in Transjordan ..." As the Mandate was given to the United Kingdom d~ti.t de l'anglais) : Tenant compte de la suggestion formulee par le President, et qui tend a. ce que nous ne reprenions pas en detail des arguments deja. exposes, je me contenterai de renvoyer les membres du Conseil aux declarations qui ont ere faites par moi ou par d'autres representants de mon Gouvernement, soit au Conseil de securite l'an dernier, soit devant le Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres!. Ces declarations repondent point par point a. celles du representant de l'URSS, qui ne contiennent rien de nouveau. Mon Gouvernement estime que la Transjordanie doit etre admise a. l'Organisation des Nations Unies, et je trouverais injuste que ce pays ne soit pas admis. M. ]OHNSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique. (traduit de l'anglais)-: Les Etats-Unis ont ~rand plaisir a. appuyer la demande de la Transjordanie. L'opinion des autres representants sur ces demandes d'admission offre toujours un vif interet ~c>ur moi, qu'elle soit favorable ou non; mais ce qui presente le plus grand interet, ce sont les raisons invoquees. Je dois dire que, dans le cas de la Transjordanie, j'ai ecoute tres attentivement le representant de l'URSS, et les raisons qu'il a invoquees pour ne pas appuyer la demande de la l'ransjordanie, quand on les considere a. la lumiere de celles qu'il a invoquees pour appuyer la demande de la Mongolie exterieure, me laissent un sentiment de totale confusion intellectueIle. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : Dans le document expIicatif que nous a fait distribuer le Secretari~t de l'Organisation, je trouve, dans le document SjCNM/W.S le passage suivant: "... en date' respectivement du 9 fevrier et du 18 avril 1946, l'Assemblee des Nations Unies et ceIIe de la Societe des Nations ont adopte des resolutions accueiIIant avec faveur la cessation du mand~t sur la Transjordanie..." +.-a Societe 1 Voir les documents S/CNM/10, S/CNM/ll, S/ CNM/13, S/CNM/14; les Proces-verbau~ officiels 1" Conseil de securite, Premiere Annee, deuxieme serte, No 5, 56eme et 57eme seances; ibid., Supplement No 4, Appendices 14 et 16. f. If there is no further comment, I shall put to a vote the application of Transjordan. A vote was taken by a show of hands. J',here were 9 votes in favour, one against and one abstention. The application was rejected, the vote q,gainst being that of a permanent member of the Council. Votes for: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, China, Colombia, France, Syria, United Kingdom, United States of America. Vote against: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Abstention: Poland. The PRESIDENT: The Council will now consider the fourth application that of Ireland. ApPLICATION OF IR~LAND Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian) : In considering an application to admit a particular country to membership in the United Nations we must, of course, take into account the way that country behaved before, or especially during, the war ,years. In considering the behaviour of Ireland during the war years, we cannot fail to observe the following: As we all know, Ireland was on very good terms with the Axis Powers and gave no assistance whatever to the Allied nations in their struggle against the fascist States. Apart from this,Ireland has not and has never had normal relations with 'the USSR, whose part in the war against the aggressor States and in gaining victory over them is well known. For. these reasons the USSR delegation feels unable, again this year, to support the proposal that Ireland be admitted to the United Nations. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (United Kingdt;lm) : My comment on that is exactly the sarq,e as the comment I made on the application of the Mongolian People's Republic. The arguments used by the representative of the USSR are not new; they h~ve been rebutted already2. Neither of his princIpal arguments is really relevant because those are not the criteria in the Charter for the admission of a State to the United Nations. A vote was taken by a show of hands. There u;ere 9 votes in favour, one against and one abstentw'!1" The application was rejected, the vote against betng that of a permanent member of the Council. Vote contre: l'Union des Republiques soc,alistes sovietiques. S'abstient: la Pologne. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de I'anglais) : Le Conseil passe maintenant a la quatrieme demande: telle de l'Irlande. DEMANDE D'ADMISSION DE L'IRLANDE M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): Lorsque nous examinons la demande d'admission d'un pays, il est evidel1t que nous devons prendre en consideration l'attitude de ce pays et, tout d'abord, son attitude pendant la guerre. Or, en examinant le coniportement de l'Irlande au cours de la guerre, nous ne pouvons manquer de remarquer ce qui suit. Comme on le sait, l'Irlande a entretenu des relations tres amicales avec les Puissances de l'Axe, et n'a aucunement aide les Allies dans leur lutte contre les Etats fascistes. D'autre part, l'Irlande n'a pas et n'a jamais eu de relations normales avec l'URSS dont le role dans la guerre contre les Etats agresseurs et dans la victoire remportee sur ces Etats n'a pas besoin d'etre rappe1e. C'est pourquoi la delegation de l'URSS n'estime pas possible, cette annee encore, d'appuyer la proposition tendant a admettre l'Irlande a l'Organisation des Nations Unies. Sir Alexander CADOGAN (Royaume-Uni) (traduit de l'anglais): Sur cette question, je ferai exactement le meme commentaire que sur la demande de la Republique populaire de Mongolie. Les arguments invoques par le representant de !'JJRSS n'apportent rien de ilouveau; il y a deja ete repondu2. En fait, ni l'un ni l'autre de ces principaux arguments n'a de rapport avec le sujet, puisqu'ils ne reprennent aucun des criteres poses par la Charteen ce qui concerne l'admission d'un Etat comme Membre des Nations Unies. . It est procede au vote amain levee. Il y a 9 voix pour, une voix contre et une abstention. La voix contre elant celle d'un membrepermanent du Conseil, la demande d'admission. n'est pas acccptee. 1 Voir les Proces-verbau~ officiels 'du C .Iseil de /' scmrite, Premiere Amtee, deuxieme serie, Supplement No 4, Appendices 15 et 17. 'Voir les documents S/CNMI7, S/CNM/8, S/C.2/ SR.9; les Proces-verba!{~ officiels du Conseil de sccurite, . Premiere Amtee, deuxieme serie, No 4, 55eme seance; ibid., No 5, 57eme seance; ibid., Deuxieme Amtee, Supplement special No 3, pages 15-16. Abstention: Poland. The PRESIDENT: The Council will now pass on to the fifth application, that of Portugal. ApPLICATION OF PORTUGAL Colonel HODGSON (Australia): I should just like to say this: If the representative of the USSR is going to exercise the veto on these States, I should like to ask him to spare us another series of speeches with the same old arguments. They are f~lly set out in the Committee's reportl j we have listened to them for over a year j and they have all been rebutted, as has been said2• I think we should at least be spared that.

This is the last one. The representative of the USSR is certainly free to express his opinion. Mr. DE SOUZA Gm'fEz (Brazil) (tpanslated from French): Although I have every wish to comply with the President's request that we should not prolong a fruitless discussion on the reasons which lead us to support requests for admission or to refuse them our support, I feel I must take the floor to-day - the President will understand my motives for doing so - to state that my delegation warmly supports Portugal's request for admission' to the United Nations. ,Last year, in the'Committee on the Admission 'of New Members, my delegation gave the reasons on which it based its opinion); I do not think I need repeat them here. I should, nevertheless, like to add that my delegation thinks the United Nations would benefit by the experience of Portugal, if this country were admitted as a Member. That is the least I can say regarding a State of Portugal's merit and past history. Mr: KATZ-SUCHY (Poland): Although the Polish delegation has great admiration for the cultural achievements of Portugal, at the present moment we are unable to support its application for membership i~ the United Nations. \ We have very grave doubts whether Portugal, because of its present position, would be able to fulfil all the requirements of the Charter. We aU remember the aid which it gave to Italy and Germany, during the rebellion against the legal Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : Le Conseil passe maintenant a la cinquieme demande: celle du Portugal. DEMANDE D'ADMISSION DU PORTUGAL Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (traduit de l'anglais) : Je voudrais simplement ,faire la declaration suivante: si le representant de l'URSS entend opposer son veto a l'admission de tous les Etats dont nous nous occupons, je lui demanderai de bien vouloir nous epargner cette serie d'interventions ou il reprend les memes arguments anciens. Ces derniers sont pleinement d~veloppes dans le rapport du Comitel j nous les entendons depuis plus d'un an jet, ainsi qu'on l'a deja fait remarquer, il a ete n§pondu a tous2• Je penseque cette repetition au moins devrait nous etre epargnee. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Le cas du Portugal est le dernier que nous ayons a examiner. Le representant <;le I'URSS est certainement libre d'exprimer son opinion. M. de SOUZA GOMEZ (Bresil): Bien que j'aie le plus vif desir de m'incliner devant la demande du President tendant a ce que nous ne prolongions· pas une discussion - d'ailleurs bien inutilesur les raisons qui nous portent a soutenir les demandes d'admission, ou a leur refuser notre appui, je ne puis m'empecher de demander aujourd'hui la parol..:: - peut-etre le Presitient comprendra-t-il le motif qui m'y incite - pour indiquer que ma delegation appuie chaleureusement le desir du Portugal d'etre admis a I'Organisation des Nations Unies. L'an dernier, au Comite d'admission de's nouveau?C Membres, ma delegation a donne les raisons sur lesquelles eUe fondait son avis) j je crois inutile de les repeter ici. Je voudrais ajouter cependant quema delegation estime que les Nations Unies trouveraient avantage a beneficier de l'experience du Portugal, si elles admettaient ce pays parmi eUes. C'est le mains que je puisse dire d'nn Etat ayant la valeur et le passe du Portugal. M. KATZ-SUCHY (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais) : En depit de l'admiration que la delegation polonaise eprouve pour l'ancienne culture portugaise, nous sommes actuellement dans l'impossibilite d'appuyer la demande que fait le Portugal pour etre admis comme Membre des Nations Unies. Nous avom; des doutes extremement serieux quant a la possibilite pour le Portugal, etant donne sa position actuelle, de faire face a toutes les obligations de la Charte. Nous nous rappelons tous l'aide apportee par le Portugal a l'Italie et 1 Voir les securite, P No 4, r~' special 1. • Voir I C.2/SR.2~ securite, 1. _" seance. • Voir les It.~ p~, '"-verbaus officiels du Conseil de ne... deuxieme serie, Supplement 'uxieme Annee, Supplement ·"'M/8, S/C.2/SR.19 et S! ",us officiels du Conseil de Jeuxieme serie, No 5, 57eme Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America): The United States warmly supports the application of Portugal, with which my country has had a traditional friendship since our birth as a nation. I should also like to pay a very brief tribute to the sympathy which Portuguese people had for the Allied cause during the war, and for the very material help which in many ways their Government was able to give our cause. They did not aid the Axis, and they did aid us. The reasons given by the representative of Poland for voting against the application of J;lortugal are very unfair, to put it qui.te soberly. Portugal is a neighbour of Spain along half of its frontier, the other half being on the ocean. Its ties with Spain are very close, and regardless of the merits of the country, I do not think the relations of Portugal with Spain should be judged in a. particularly critical manner when we consider the application of Portugal for membership in the United Nations. I do not think any educated person in his right mind would ever accuse Portugal of being aggressive or of not being peace-loving. It is eminently qualified for membership in the United Nations, in contrast with some of the countries which the representative of Poland has supported, and it is simply impossible for a person with even a small amount of reason to understand or to rationalize the position of the Polish representative. Portugal was not pro-Axis during the war, as Ireland was accused of being. Portitgal helped the Allies when many other people were helping the Germans. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): I think it is not only desirable but essential for any representative on the Security Council who objects to the admission of a particular country ·to explain h.is position. Taking the application for the admis- SlOn of Portugal to the United Nations on its merits, I feel unable, this year, as last year4, to 'support the Portuguese request. We know that Portugal let the United States use a naval base during the war years, but that still does not constitute sufficient grounds for her admission to the ~eries, No. 5, 57t~ tpeet:ng ~ ibi~., IFirst Ye!1r, S~pplement 1 Voir les Proces-verball~ officiels' du Conseil de sec',rite, Pre:.niere Annee, premiere serie, Supplement special, edition J;evisee, rapport du Sous-Comite charge de la question «;:spagnole, pages 6-12 et 77. 2 Ibid., page ~5. • Voir les Documen.ts de la Conftirence des Nations Unies $1'1'" 1'0rgar.is(J,tion interlUJtionale, volume 6, Commission I, Dispositions generales, vages 152-162. • Voir les documents S/CNM/Set S/C.2/SR19; les Proces-verbau~ officiels du Conseil de securite, Premiere Annee, deuxieme serie, No 5. 57eme seance; ibid., Premiere Annee Supplement No 4, page 74; ibid., Deuxieme Annee, Supplement No 3, pages 16-17. During the war years, Portugal maintained close ties with Franco, who was entirely on the side of the fascist States, and it is still closely associated with him. In addition, as we all know, Portugal has seen fit not to enter into normal relations with the USSR. All this forces me to conclude that Portu/:{al, like Ireland, does not meet the requirements incumbent upon States wishing to be admitted' to the United Nations. Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America): I regret to intervene again, but I should like to do so in view of one or two remarks made by Mr. Gromyko. I diq not argue at all that Portugal should be admitted to the United Nations because it had made a military base available to the United States. I mentioned that only because of the importance Mr. Gromyko apparently attaches to the fact that a country was or was not sympathetic toward the Axis; it was to demonstrate that Portugal was not. That base which was made available to the United 'States was of great indirect benefit to the US'Sl as were other facilities given , by Portugal; they all contributed to the same end. Mr. Gromvko has a right to oppose the admission of Portugal if he wishes to, but the reasons which he stated as disqualifying Portugal are not reasons given in the Charter. They are his own reasons, and he has a right to have them; but they are not reasons which disqualify under the Charter. M;:. KATZ-SUCHY (Polanct): .I am sorry to intervene again; I did not intend to reply to the remarks of the United States representative on my reasc,s for voting against Pvrt'<.1gal. I believe I could question in the same manner his reasons fOT voting against the admissiqn of Albania and the Mongolian People's Republic. Every member here understands that these countries are at least as peace-loving as Portugal. I want to point out ~at, at the twenty-third meeting of the Committee on the Admission of New Members, I made a proposal that an enquiry should be made with t.he Government of PortugaP to see whether, if it were admitted to membership, it would be prepared to adhere to t..lte resolution of the General Assembly which· recommended that members should sever their relations with Franco Spain2• That proposal was rejected by the majority of the members of the Committee on the Admission of New Members, including +he representative of the United States. Had· that enquiry been made, and a ·reply received in the spirit of the resolutioI.', the attitude of my delegation might h~ve been different. 1 See document S/C.2/SR.23. • See ResGlutions adopted by the General Assembly duriug the ~econd part of its first session, No. 39 (1). M. KATZ-SUCHY (Pologne) (traduit de tanglais): Je regrette d'avoir encore a intervenir; je n'entends pas repondre aux observations que le representant des Etats-Unis a faites sur les raisons que j'ai de voter contre le Portugal. Je crois que je pourrais aussi bien contester les raisons qu'iI a de voter contre 1'admission de l'Albanie et de la Republique populaire de Mongolie. Tout membre id present a conscience que ces pays sont au mains aussi pacifiques que le Portugal. Je veux faire observer que, ala vingt-troisieme seance du Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres, j'ai l> opose qu'il fUt procede a une enquete aupres. du Gouvernement du Portugall pour determiner si, au cas all i1 serait admis comme Membre des Nations Unies, il serait pret a se conformer a la resolution de 1'AssembIee generale qui recommande aux Membres de rompre leurs relations avec i'Espagne franquiste2• Cette proposition a ete rejetee par la majorite des mcmbres du Comite d'admission des nouveaux Mf:rr;t:es, notamment p2.r le representant des bar,:: . ~Jr..is. ct 1'on avait procede a cette enquete el .! i'n'~ ,,"vait relSu une reponse conforme it l',~;;'p"il de la resolution, 1'attitude de ma dele~ gation aurait pu etre differente. 1 Voir le document S/C.21SR.23. • Voir les Resolutions adoptees par l'Assembtee generale pendant la seconde partie de sa premiere session, No 39 (1). Il est procede au vote amain levee. Il y a 9 voix pour et 2 voiz contre. Une des voix contre etant celle d'un membre permanent du Conseil, la demande d'admission n'est pas acceptee. Votent pour: Australie, Belgique, Bresil, Chine, Co!ombie, France, Rovaume-Uni, Syrie, Etats- Unis d'Amerique. Votes for: Austral~a, Be~gium,. Brazil, Ch!na, Colomhia, France, SyrIa, Umted Kmgdom, Umted States of America. rotes ayainst: Poland, Union of SQ....iet Socialist Republics. Votent contre: Pologne, Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques. ApPLICATIONS OF AUSTRIA, BULGARIA, HUNGARY, ITALY, ROUMANIA AND YEMEN DEMANDES D'ADMISSION DE L'AUTRICHE, DE LA BULGARIE, DE LA HONGRIE, DE L'ITALIE, DE LA ROUMANIE ET DU YEMEN The PRESIDENT ~ We shall now consider the second category of applications; that is, the new applications, tbose of Austria, Bulgaria, Hunga.ry, Italy, Roumania, and Yemen. We shall begin wit.lt that of Hungary. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Nous nOllS occuperons maintenant de la seconde categorie des demandes: c'est-a-dire des demandes nouvelles - celles de l'Autriche, de la Bulgarie, de la Hongrie, de !'Italie, de la Roumanie et du Yemen. Nous commencerons par celle de la Hongrie. . Les discussions du Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres sur ces nouvelles demandes1 se sont deroulees d'une maniere quelque peu differente de celle dont s'etaient deroulees les discussions precedentes. De nombreux membres du Comite n'ont pas juge souhaitable de discuter ces demandes tant que la ratification des traites de paix n'etait pas .!lcore intervue; d'autres ont estime que l'on pouvait admettre ces candidats sans attendre la ratification des traites; d'autres enfin ont estime que les candidats devraient etre admis des ratification des traites de paix, sans que cela donne lieu a aucune autre discussion au sein du Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres. Telles sont les opinions qui ont ete exprimees au Comite. The discussion in the Committee on the Admission of New Members concerning. these new applications1 was different from the' other discussion. Many of the members of the Committee did not wish to discuss these applications at the time when the ratification of their peace treaties was still pending; some members said these applicants might be. admitted without wc>.iting for the treaties to be. ratified; and other members said they should be admitted as soon as the peace treaties were ratified, without any further discussion in the Committee on the Admission of New Members. Those are the different opinions which were voiced :n the Committee. Je pense qu'il serait injuste et premature de voter sur l'admission de ces candidats comme Membres des Nations Unies. J'estime qu'il faut proceder d'une maniere differente en cc qui concerne ces nouvelles demandes, etqu'il convient de retarder jusqu'au moment. ou l~s traites auront ete ratifies le vote inter~ssant les pays avec qui lesdits traites ne sont pas encore conclus. I do not believe voting on the admission of these applicants to the United Nations would be just. A vote at this time would be premature. I believe a different course of action must be taken in respect to these new applications. I believe a vote on the countries whose peace treaties are still pending should be deferred until after ratification of the treaties. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translatea from Russian): I suggest not taking a vote on the applications received from Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy and Roumania since the treaties with these countries have not yet come into force and the treaty· with-Austria has not even been drawn up. We have, therefore, no .legitimate grounds for considering these appli- M. GROMYKO (Union des Repub1i9...ues socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe): Je proposerai de ne point mettre aux voix les demandes d'admission que nous ont adressees l'Autriche, la Bulgarie, la Hongrie, l'Italie et la Roumanie. En dfet, les tra:ites de paix conc1us avec ces pays ne sont pas encore entres en vigueur; quant au traite de paix avec l'Autriche, it n'a meme pas encore ete prepare. Nous n'avons doncaucune raison legitime qui nous permette d'examiner ces demandes et, moins encore, de prendre des deci- .:;ions a leur egard au sein du Conseil de securite. catlon~, still less for taking definite decisions regardmg these countries in the Security Council. 'Voir les documents S/C.2/SR.19, S/C.2/SR.20, S/ C.Z/SR.21, S/C.2/SR.22, S/C.2/SR.:·13 et les Procesverbaux officiels du Conseil de securite, Deuxieme Annee, Supplement special No 3, Appendices 7-15. , There is nothing which imposes on the Security Council the obligation to postpone consideration of membership applications until the entry into, the completion of, and enforcement of, peace treaties. In the case of Austria, the USSR has retarded the making of a treaty. Austria is not even an 'ex-enemy State. All of the principal Allies have ratified the peace treaty with Italy with the exception of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. I do not see why we cannot proceed to take up the question of the application of these countries Individually. As was agreed years ago, Austria should not be treated like an enemy State. If it had been an enemy State, I do not know how it could have been treated much Worse than it has been. Colonel HODGSON (Australia): My delegation supports the proposal that we should deal with these cases separately. The circumstances are particular and different for each of these applications. In fact, in regard to two of them, my delegation has a particular proposal to put before this Council. For that reason alone, we should like these' questions to be dealt with separately. Sir Aiexander CADOGAN (United Kingdom): I suppose it is true, technically, that none of these States could effectively become Members of the United Nations pending the entry into force of the respective peace treaties. However, I should have no objection to considering them separately, and even to reaching, if need be and if the Council can do that, a provisional or hypothetical recommendation, as it were. I should like them examined separately because, as the representative of the United States pointed out, I think they are in different categories. I think Italy is in a category by itself.· It became a. cobelligerent, and really the entry into force of the peace treaty with Italy has been held up for reasons that are not clear. Austria is in a position of its' own. Therefore, for those ~wo different reasons; I think that those two countries are in a special position. Mr. KATZ-SUCHY (Poland): I do not intend to speak on the substance of the applications of the five States or to enter intu the merits of ew.:h of them. At the moment, I belieye we have to decide whether we can mak,e'any recommendation with regarn to t1:::;e five applications. In my opinion, any dt::i,ion ~r !ecommenda.- tion which might be made by this C{)t41ciL would be illegal and would not, c:!.!ry at:i.y w,eigh~. The 11 n'y a rien qui impose au Conseil de securite l'obligationde remettre l'examen des demandes d'admission jusqu'a l'entree en vigueur des traites de paix. Dans le cas de l'Autriche, I'URSS a retarde la redaction du traite. L'Autriche n'est meme pas un pays ex-etm.emi. Sauf l'URSS, taus les principaux Allies ont ratifie le Traite de paix I avec l'Italie. Je ne vois pas pourquoi nous .ne pourrions pas prendre l'une apres l'autre les demandes de ces divers pays. n y a deux ans, I tout le monde a ete d'accord pour dire que l'Autriche ne devaitpas etre. traitee comme un Etat ennemi. Si elle avait ete un Etat ennemi, je ne sais d'ailleurs pas comment e1le aurait pu subir un traitem~nt 'plus dHavorable que ce1ui qu'on 1ui a reserve. Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (traduit de l'anglais): Ma delegation appuie la proposition tendant a ce que nous examinions separement les diverses demandes. Chacune de celles-ci se presente sous un jour particulier et different. En fait, en ce qui concerne deux d'entre elles, ma delegation a une proposition speciale a soumettre au Conseil. Ne fiit-ce que pour cette raison, nous sommes desireux que ces questions soient traitees separement. . Sir Alexander CADOGAN (Royaume-Uni) (traduit de l'anglais) : Du point de vue juridique, je crois exact qu'aucun de ces Etats ne peut effectivement devenir Membre des Nations Unies avant ~a conclusion et l'entree en vigueur d'un traite de paix. Toutefois, je ne vois pas d'objection a ce que chaque cas soit examine separement, ni meme a ce que nous allions, si besoin en est si c'est possible au Conseil, jusqu'a formuler· provisoirement 011 hypothetiquement, une recommandation. Je voudrais voir ces cas examines separement parce que j'estime - comme l'a fait observer le representant des Etats-Unis - qu'its appartiennent a des categories differentes. L'Italie, a eIle seule, constitue. une categorie a part. Elle a ete cobelligerante et, en fait, l'entree en vigueur du Traite de paix avec l'Italie a ete entravee pour des raisons qui m'echappent. L'Autriche aussi est dans une situation particuliere. Pour ces deux raisons, j'estime done que ces deux pays sont dans une situ~tion speciale. M. KATZ-SUCHY (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais): Je n'ai pas l'intention de parter sur le fond des demandes des cinq Etats ni d'entrer dans les circonstances particulieres de chacun de ces derniers. A I'heure actuelle, je crois que nouS avons a, decider si le Conseil peut formuler une recommandation en ce qui concerne ces cinq demandes.. .c\. mon avis, toute decision ou recommandation . prise ou formulee par le Conseil serait illegale et, denu.ee de poids. L'Organisati~n.~,~. ~a:ifn,sdl I believe that every discussion entered into here will be merely a theoretical and academic discussion on the merits of each of the countries. I do not think it is necessary to enter into such. a discussion, especially in view of the fact that our recommendation would not be a legal ,one from the point of view of the Charter. I believe it was the representative of Australia who first pointed that out, and who opposed the s~nding of these applications to the Committee on'the Admission of New Membersl • . I feel that we should adopt the USSR proposal and take up a discussion of the last application on the agenda for today. , A mon sens, il serait ban <i'accepter la proposition de l'URSS et de passer cl. la discussion de la derniere demande inscrite cl. l'ordre du -jour de la presente seance. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Le representant de l'URSS, auteur de la motion" voudrait-il nous dire s'il estime qu'il faut discuter ces demandes et voter cl. leur sujet separement ou en une seule £ois? M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe) : Ces pays, cl. l'exception de I'Autriche, sont tous clans la meme situation. Les traites de paix cl. conc1ure avec eux ont ete elabores, mais ne sont pas encore entres en vigueur. Par consequent, il n'existepas de raison legitime qui permette au Conseil de prendre des decisions au sujet <le leur admission cl. l'Organisation des Nations Unies. D'autre part, je voudrais attirer l'&ttention du Conseil sur le.iait suivant: en appuyant la proposition d'admettre ces pays cl. l'Organisation des Nations' Unies, les representants des Etats-Ullis et du Royaum~ljni s'ecartent des decisions qui avaient ete prises de concert an seiil du Conseil des Ministres des affaires etrangeres, decision qui ont trouve leur expression dans le preambule de ·ces traites. Nous lisons, dans ce preambule: M. Gromyko lit le. texte suivant en anglais: "Considerant que les Puissances alliees et associees . . . sont desireuses de conc1ure un traite de paix qui regIe, conformement aux principes de justice, les questions demeurant en suspens cl. la suite des evenements ci-dessus rappe1es et qui forme la base de relations amicales entre dIes, permettant ainsi aux Puissances alliees et associees d'appuyer les demandes . . . pour devenir Membre de l'Organisation des Nations Unies .. ." Th~ PRESIDENT: Will the representative of .the USSR, who submitted the proposal, kindly explain whether he wishes these applications to be voted on and discussed separately, or as a whole'? Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (transla.ted from Russian): All these countries, except Austria, may be included in one category. Peace treaties with them have been drawn up, but these peace treaties have not yet come into force. Hence, there JLre no legitimate gnunds for decisions by the Council to admit them to the Untted Nations. . I wish to draw the Councii's attention to the fact that, by supporting the proposal to admit these countries to the United Nations, the·representatives of the United States and the United Kingdom are departing from decisions jointly agreed by the Council of Foreign Ministers, decisions which are ~eflected in the preambles to these peace treaties. Mr. Gromyko read the following text in English: "Whereas the Allied and Associated Powers . . . are desirous of concluding a treaty of peace, which, in conformity with the principles of justice, will settle questions still outstanding as a resalt of the events hereinbefore recited and will form the basis of friendly relations between them, thereby enabling the Allied and Associated Powers to support . . . application to become a Member of the United Nations .. ,'.. Mr. Gromyko then continued in Russian: This preamble states outright that the conclusion 11 est dit explicitement dans ce preambule que la conclusion des traites de paix et le reglement par ces traites des questions qui n'ont pas encore ete resolues, creeront des conditions qui permef- tront aux Allies d'appuyer les demandes que ces pays presen.teront en vue de leur admission dans I'Or,ganisation des Nations Dnies. ~f t~e peace treaties and the s(ttlement of ques- tIons. still ?utstanding with regard to these peace treattes wl1l create certain conditions which will ma~e it possible to support these countries' appli- catIons for admission to the United' Nations. By supporting an application for admission before.the ))eace treaties have come into force, En so __ . nt une demanded'admission avant l'entree· "lgueu~ des traites de paix, le repre- sentant des Etats-Unis deroge cl. cet accord, alors que, comme on le sait, le texte en avait ete ratifie th~ UUlted States representative is departing'from thiS agreement, although, as you know, tile text . The United States representative has pointed out that the USSR is the oniy country which has not ratified the treaties. Agreed. What difference does it make? Even if this is the case, even if the USSR is the only country which has not ratified.the treaties, it follows that they have not come mto force. What is the force of that argument? It ~as no force whatsoever. I think that countries such as Bulgaria, Hun- gary, Italy and Roumania should be considered together, as they are in the same category. But I do not infer from that that, if the Council never- theless decides to consider these applications, they should not be considered separately. They can be considered separately too. I thought it highly desir- able, however, to refer again to the fact that we have no legitimate basis for taking decisions on admitting these countries to the United Nations. Needless to say, at the appropriate time, when the treaties with these countrie~ome into force, the USSR will support theapplic1ttions of all or, at any rate, of-some of these countries for admis- sion to the United Nations. As I have already pointed out, Austria's case is quite special. There is not even any treaty with Austria. Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America): My delegation cannot agree with the representative of the USSR that these States are all in the same category. It simply is not con~onant with the facts. For instance, the Allied controls were terminated in Italy in Jantiary 1947, and I m~y say they were terminated with the consent of the USSR. There is a great variation as regards the factual status of each of these countries. That is why the United States delegation states that this situation should be taken into account, and that these appiications .should be examined and treated on .,\n individual basis2• In fact, even though the treaties are not ratified, which is a juridical point, the factual situa- tion is different in those countries. Nor is there anything in the preambles of the treaties or in the armistice agreements which would preclude' con- sideration of these applications before the signing of .the' peace treaties. There is nothing which 1 Unofficial translation. Le representant des Etats-Unis a fait observer que l'URSS est la seule a ne pas avoir ratifie ces traites. Admettons qu'il en soit ainsi. Que s'ensuit- il? Meme si cela est exact et si l'URSS est le seul pays a ne pas avoir ratifie les traites, il s'ensuit que ces traites ne sont pas entres en vigueur. QueUe est la valeur de cet argument? Il est sans la moindre portee. )A mon avis, les demandes de la Bulgarie, de la Hongrie, de l'Italie et de la Roumanie devraient etre examinees ensemble, car ces pays appar- tiennent-a un~ seule et meme categorie. Mais je ne vais pas jusqu'a conclure que, si le Conseil de securite decidait maigre tout d'examiner ces demandes, il ne devrait pas les examiner une cl une. On peut egalement les examiner de cette fac;on-Ia. Mais je voudrais vous bire observer que nous n'av·)ns aucune raison legitime de prendre des decisions sur l'admission de ces pays a 1'0rganisation des Nations Unies. Il n'est pas besoin de repeter que, le moment venu, c'est-cl-dire guand les traites de paix avec ces pays ~eront entres en vigueur, l'URSS soutiendra les de- mandes d'admission de ces pays - toutes, ou certaines d'entre elles. Quant cl l'Autriche, fai deja indique qu'elIe se trouv'e dans une situation. tout a fait speciale, puisqu'il n'existe meme pas de traite de paix avec eUe. M. JOHNSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique), (tra- duit de l'ang1ais): Ma delegation ne peut ad- mettre que ces pays appartiennent tous cl une meme categorie. Cette opinion du representant de l'URSS n'est pas confirmee par les faits. Pour prendre un exemple, le controle allie en Italie a pris fin en janvier 1947 avec, je puis le dire, le consentement de l'URSS. La situation de fait de ces pays est fort differente dans chaque cas. C'est . pourquoi la delegation des Etats-Unis estime qu'ii tal':- tenir compte de ces differences et que ces Ltnn8.ndes doivent etre examinees et consi- dere(''i l!lU;-,';d~l:=llement?. En fait, meme si les traite~: 'tH':·)('<1t pas ratifies, ce qui est une con- sidi:li',;';~)'. t'Jrdre juridique, la situation de fait estdifferente dans ces pays. Et it n'y a rien, dans les preambules des traites de paix ni dans les , clauses des armistices, qui interdise d'examiner . ces demandes avant la signature des traites. Rien Mr. GROMYKO (Union· of Soviet Socialist Re- publics) (translate~ from. Russian) : The mo~ion is to postpone c·onslderatlOn of all these appltca- tions. The PRESIDENT: We shall put to the vote the motion to postpone the discussion of these five applications until a ::tubsequent meeting, when it will be more appropriate. A vote was taken by a show of hands. The proposal was rejected by 4 votes to 3.• with 4 abstentions. Votes for: Poland, Syria, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Votes against: Belgium, Brazil, France, United States of America. Abstentions: Australia, China, Colombia, United Kingdom. The PRESIDENT: These applications are to be studied separately, one by one. The Council will· begin by considering the application of Hungary. ApPLICATION OF HUNGARY Mr. KATZ-SUCHY (Poland): My delegation does not have any objection to Hungary's .being admitted as a Member of the United Nations. The only objection we have is the one we stated previously!. Inasmuch as the peace treaty between Hungary and the Allies has not yet been ratified, we do not consider Hungary a sovereign State within the mea,ning of the Chart~r. On the other hand, I wish to point out that, by abstaining from a vote, our action is not directed against Hungary, with which we had very close ties of friendship before and during the war, because of its attitude toward the Polish refugees whom it helped to cross the frontiers and helped to join the Polish Army in the United Kingdom and the Middle East. 1!nfortunately, the treaty has not yet .been ratIfied. In these circumstances, the Polish dele- gation will abstain irom voting. - The PRESIDENT: It is not clear whether we shall vote on postponing the discussion of the application of Hungary, or whether we shall vote on ~ec?mmending to the General Assembly its admlsslOn no-wo I prefer to put to the vote the postponement of the application of Hungary. Mr. JOHNSON (United States of America) : We are now actualiy discussing these countries one by one, and whether or not they should be admitted, are we not? DEMANDE D'ADMISSION D;E LA HONGRIE . M. KATZ-SUCHY (Pologne) (traduit de l'an- glais) : Ma delegation ne fait aucune objection a l'admission de la Hongrie a ~'Organisation des Nations Unies. Nous avons deja indique notre seule objection!: le traite de paix entre la Hon- grie et les Allies n'ayant pas encore ete ratifie, nous ne considerons pas la Hongrie comme un Etat souveraitt aux- termes de la Charte. D'autre part, je tiens a faire observer que, en nous abstenant lors du vote, nous ne prenons pas position contre la Hongrie, avec qui nous avons eu des liens d'amitie tres etroits avant et pendant la guerre, parce que ce pays a aide les re£ugies polonais a franchir les frontieres er a rejoindre les armees polonaises stationnees au Royaume- Uni et dans le Moyen-Orient. Malheureusement, le traite n'a pas enco.e ete ratifie. Dans ces conditions, ~a delegation polo- naise s'abstiendra, Le PRESIDENT (traduit del'anglais): Je ne discerne pas clairement si nous alIons voter sur le renvoi de la discussion concernant la demande de la Hongrie ou bien sur une recommandation proposant a l'Assemblee generale l'admission immediate de ce pays. . Je .pre£ere mettre aux voix la question du renvOl. M: JOHNSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) (t~a­ duit de l'anglais:" : Je croyais que nous diseutions en ce moment, en examinant ~eurs cas separement, la question de savoir si ces pays doivent ou 'non etre admis. .

The vote will be different also. Mr. )JOHNSON (United States of America): Yes. Mr. KATZ-SUCHY (Poland) : Could ~e have a legal opinion here from the Secretariat as regards whether or not it is possible, at the present time, to recommend to the General Assembly the admission of any of these five countries to membership? .The PRESIDENT: I do not think there is any necessity for a legal opinion. We now have to . vote on the postponement of the application of Hungary. Mr. TSIANG (China) : I wish to speak on a point of order. I do not see how we could vnte on that SiJrt of question" that is, postponement of consideration. That has been voted upon and not carried. These countries all have applied for membership. This Council will decide whether we shall recommend them for membership or not. Those who hesitate to vote, not because of the merits of the cases, but for technical reasons, may state those reasons and explain' the vote, but if a vote is taken, it must be, it seems to me, on their 'admission or non-admission to membership.

In fact, the motion for postponement was not carried becam·.cit was taken on all five applications together. When .they are taken separately, the attitude of the representatives, may be different in respect to each. However, if theC;ouncil wishes a vote taken on the admission or non-admission of the applicant, I should like to make this statement: This action does not mean that the application is rejected definitively. When the peace treaty with the applicant State has been ratified, that State may apply al!ain for membership, and it will be consider'ed 'then. If the application is rejected now and a new application is submitted after the ratification of the treaty, that new application may be considered. Mr. KATZ.,.SUCHY (Poland): I have not had a reply to my questio~ as to whether the recommendationof this Council, if it should recommend the admission of any of these States, could be transmitted frem the Council to the General Assembly. ~a motion de renvoi n'a pas ete adoptee, parce qu'elle portait sur les cinq demandes a la fois. Si 1'0n examine ceIles-ci separement, l'attitude des representants pourra etre differente en ce qui concerne chacune d'e1les. Toutefois, si le' Conseil desire proceder a un vote sur' l'admission ou la non-admission des candidats, je tiens a declarer qu'un tel vote ne signifie pas que la demande est rejetee de£initivement. Lorsque le traite de paix avec l'Etat en question aura ete ratifie, cet Etat pourra de nouveau demander a etre admis comme Membre, et sa demande sera alors reexaminee. Au cas ou la demande serait rejetee maintenant, si une nouvelle demande est presentee apres la ratification du traite, cette nouveIle demande pourra etre prise en consideration. M. KATZ-SUCI-IY (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais) : Je n'ai pas encore obtenu de reponse a la question' que j'avais posee: si le Cor.seil formule une recommandation en faveur de l'admission de l'un que1conque de ces Etats, cette recommandation pourra-t-eUe etre transmise par le Conseil a l'Assemblee generale? I ,d The~efore, even in these cases, I think that the Council is quite free to say that the conditions of the Charter are or are not fulfilled. If, for instance, the Council should decide now, by a vote, to say that Hunga.ry ~r. another of these five applicants fulfils the conditIons of the Charter, then this recommendation of the Council has to be forwarded to the Assembly. The PRESIDENT: In the present situation> I shall put to vote the postponement, unless this ruling is challenged. . I Mr. KATZ-SUCHY (Poland): 1'do net intend to challenge the President's ruling. 1 want to challenge the legal opinion expressed in reply to my question. I do not think the Security Council is the bOdy which lays down the rules about the acceptance of Members. The rules in regard to the admission of new Members have been laid down by the Charter; and a decision 'of a majority of the Security Council, even in cases where certain States muster a majority, cannot change rules laid down by the Charter. I believe that the principal rule of the Charter about admission of new Members is that the State applyjng for membership should' be a sovereign Sta.te. I do not think that anyone of these.States, as long 'as the peace treaties have not been ratified, is a sovereign State. Neither is Austria a sovereign State. Austria is not an ex-enemy State, but Allied troops are occupying it, and no one can state today that it is sovereign. The fact that Allied troops are occupying Austria, and that there exists an Allied Council in charge of administration of Austria, is contradictory to the saver': eignty of Austria. Je crois que la principale regIe de la Charte en ce qui concerne l'admission des nouveaux Membres est que l'Etat qui fait acte de candidature soit un Etat souverain. Je ne pense pas . qu'aucttn de ces Etats, tant que les traites de paix n'ont pas ete ratifies, soit un Etat souverain. L'Autriche n'est pas non plus un Etat souverai.n. Elle n'est pas un Etat ex-·ennemi,. mais les troupes alliees l'occupent, et personn~ ne peut pretendre aujourd'hui qu'elle soit souveraine. Le fait que les troupes alliees occupent l'Autriche et qu'il existe un Conseil allie charge de l'administration de ce pays ne permet pas de considerer l'Autriche comme tin pays souverain. The same is true of other applicants; and ;:l" I long as the peace treaties are not ratified and are I1 en est de meme des autres candidats; et tant que les traites de paix ne sont pas ra,tifies et ne sont pas en vigueur, la delegation polonaise estime . que toute resolution prise cl. cet egard serait en contradiction avec la Charte. Le PRESIDENT (tradztit de l'anglais):· Nous allons maintenant voter sur le renvoi de la deman,de de la Hongrie. Il est procUe au vote amain levee. Il y a 5 voix pour et 6 abstentions. N'ayant pas obtenu le vote affirmatif de sept membres, la motion d'ajoztrnement n!est pas adoptee. ~ ~ot in force, in the opinion of the Polish delegahon, any resolution in this respect would be contradictory to the Charter.' .

We shall now vote on the postponement of the application of Hungary.

I am not very clear on this subject, and it seems that the situation is not clear to most of the members. I suggest that the discussion on these five States should be postponed until the next meeting, which will be on Thursday, so that some arrangements may be made. If there is no objection to this procedure, we shall now pass on tothe last two States, Yemen and Pakistan. The Committee on'the Admission of New Members, at its twenty-third meeting, unanimously agreed to recommend that the Security Council should give a favourable report on Yemen. ApPLICATION OF YEMEN Mr. KATz-SUCHY (Poland): The Polish delegation supports the application of Yemen. We see in this application a further step in the emancipation of the peoples of the Middle East. We believe that admitting Yemen will help it to maintain its independence and to remain a self-governing State without becoming a pawn of the power politics of the Middle East. A vote was taken b'Y' a show of hands. The application was approved unanimously. The PRESIDENT: We shall now consider the application of Pakistan. A letter has been received from the representative of India, which I shall ask the Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Legal Affairs to read. ApPLICATION OF PAKISTAN Mr. KERNO (Assistant Secretary-General in ch:uge of Legal Affairs) : This is a letter (docu-, ment S/499) dated 18 August 1947, which the President of the Secur~ty Council received a few d~tit de I'anglais) : Je voudrais declarer que ma delegation ne partage pas l'opinion exprimee par le representant du Royaume-Uni sur ce. point )particulier. Nous estimons qu'il est loisible au Conseil de formuler des recommandations sans reserves et sans y mettre de conditions. A notre avis, s'il plait au Conseil de faire une recommandation inconditionnee, il est parfaitement libre de le faire. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de I'anglais): Cette question ne me pal,'ait pas tres claire, et il me , semble qu'elle manque de c1arte pour la plupart des membres. Je propose que la discussion sur ces cinq Etats soit renvoyee a la prochaine seance, c'est-a-dire a jeudi, pour que 1'0n puisse prendre des dispositions utiles. S'il n'y a pas d'objection a suivre 'cette procedure, nous passerons maintenant aux deux derniers Etats, le Yemen et le Pakistan. Le Comite d'admission des nouveaux membres, a sa vingt-troisieme seance, s'est mis d'accord a l'unanimite pour recommander au Conseil de securite de donner un avis favorable a la demande du Yemen: DEMANDE D'ADMISSION DU YEMEN M. KATz-SVCHY(Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais) : La qelegation polonaise appuie la demande du Yemen, dans laquelle nous voyons une, nouvelle etape vers l'emancipation des peuples du Moyen-Orient. Nous 3timons que, en admettant le Yemen, nous l'aiderons a maintenir son ind~­ pendance et a echapper a l'emprise de la polttique de puissance au Moyen-Orient. II est procede au vote amain levee. A l'unanimite, la demande d'admission est acceptee. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : No?s en arrivons maintenant a la demande du PakIstan. Nous avons re<;u une lettre du representant de l'Inde, que je vais demander a Monsieu~ 'le Secretaire general adjoint charge des questlOns juridiques de nous lire. DEMANDE D'ADMISSION DU PAKISTAN M. KERNO (Secretaire general adjoint ch~rge des questions juridiques) (traduit de l'angla~s):. La lettre dont i1 s'agit (document S/499) F..?_~:~ j la date du 18 aout 1947; le President du ~.~ "The Government of Inriia is particularly interested in expediting the decision of the Security Council on this petition in order to enable Pakistan to be admitted during the forthcoming session of the General· Assembly. "I have, therefore, been directed to apply for the privileges of Article 31. The interests of the Government of India in this matter are obvious and well known; but, more particularly, I would emphasize that apart from geographical proximity, the two countries have been linked for centuries past by social, cultural and economic bonds. It is expected that these common ties will continue in the future. "C'est pOl1rquoi j'ai ete charge de demander pour mon Gouvernement le benefice des dispositions de l'Article 31: les interets du Gouvernement de l'Inde en ce qui concerne ce~ ~ ~ question sont evidents et bien connus; mais je voudrais souligner que, sans parler de leur voisinage geographique, les deux Etats ont, depvis des sU:cles, ete unis par des liens sociaux, culturels et economiques. On espere que ces liens communs continueront a l'avenir. "Par consequent, le Gouvernement de l'Inde a le plus grand interet a voir le Pakistan admis rapidement comme Etat Membre. Il a donc designe M. P. P. Pillai pour exposer, conformement a l'Article 31, l'opinion du Gouvernement de l'Inde, lorsque le Conseil le jugera utile." Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'ang1ais): Si. 1es membres du Conseil estiml'nt que les interets de l'Inde sont particulierement affectes par la question dont nous discutons, a savoir: l'admission du Pakistan, j'inviterai M. PilIai a participer a la seance. Le colonel HODGSON (Australie) (traduit de l'anglais): Je ne suis pas stir que l'Article 31 s'applique a ce cas. D'autre part, est-il utile d'entendre une declaration? Je n'ai pas entendu dire qu'il y ait eu la moindre oppositiun a cette de- !llande d'admission, je ne crois pas davantage qu'il doive y en avoir: it me semble donc assez inutile d'inviter le representant de l'Inde a cette table. . Le PRESIDENT. (traduit de .l'ang1ais) : TeHe est aussi mon opinion. Il reste que j'ai ~<;u cette lettre dans laquelle le representan" de l'Inde demande a etre invite a prendre place a la table du Conseil. M. NrSOT (Belgique): Nous devons tout de meme rechercher, afin de ne pas courir le risque de creel' un precedent, si les interets de l'Inde sont particu1ierement affectes - comme nous l'avons fait lo'-sque les Philippines nous ont presente une demande identique. V ous vous rappelerez que, a cette occasion, un second memorandum nous avait ete soumis, dont les donilees nous ont permis de proceder aI'invitation. "The Government of India's interest in ensuring early admission of Pakistan as a Member State is therefore paramount, and it has accordingly appointed Mr. P. P. Pillai to present the Government of India's views at the discretion of the Council under Article 31." The PRESIDENT: If the members of the Council consider that the interests of India are especially affected by the matter under discussion, the admission of Pakistan, I shall invite Mr. Pillai to participate in the meeting. Colonel HODGSON (Australia) : There is a doubt in my mind as to whether Article 31· applies. Moreover, is there any point in hearing a statement? I have not heard, nor do I all1ticipate, any opposition whatever to this application, arid it seems to me rather unnecessary to invite the representative of Ind~a to the table.

I am of the same opinion. However, I have received this letter from the representative of India in which he asks to be invited to sit at the Council table. Mr. NrsoT (Belgium) (tran~ ·odd from French): Nevertheless, in order to avoid the risk of creating a precedent we should find out if I~dia's interests are pa;ticularly affected, as we ~ld when the Philippine Republic made an identical request. Members of the Council will remember that a second memorandum was submitted to us on that occasion on the basis of which we were able to issue the invitation. .Mr.. J?HNSON (United States of America): I M. JOHNSON (Etats-Dnis d'Amerique) (traduit de l'anglais) : Je comprends parfaitement que le representant de l'Inde tienne a prendre place a la table du Conseil pour prononcer quelquemots d'amitie a l'egard de cet Etat qui vient de naitre de l'Inde. J'eprouve la plus vive sympathie pour cette attitude. Je ne crois pas qu'on ait eleve la moindre objection contre la demanded'admission duPakisthl~k It IS qt:ite 1;1nderstandable that the representatIve of India wIshes to come to the Council table and. ?ay some kind words about the State which has. Just bee~ born of his country. I understand and sympathIze with that feeling. Fdo. not believe there will be any objection VOIced n regard ~o the application for membership

I believe that the invitation to the representative of India to sit at the Council table; and the fact that the representative of India supported the application of Pakistan in a statement before the Council, would have a good effect on Indiaitsel£ and on Pakistan. Mr: PARODI (France) (translated from French): The Belgian representative was right to remind us of the examination of texts. I think there can be no doubt that India is directly concerned in the question with which we are dealing. It is now merely a ,question of expediency. I think that we could have proceeded to a vote at once, but, out of courtesy to India and in the existing circumstances, we ought, in view of the Indian representative's wish, to accede to his request to be heard. I myself am in favour of doing so. Mr. NISOT (Belgium) (translated from French): The Belgian delegation sympathizes fully with the Indian representative's concern. I, too, think we should invite him to the Council table, but let us ·do so on the grounds of rule 39 of our rules of procedure and not on the basis of Article 31 of the Charter. There is a fundamental difference in this, but it is one which, under the circumstances can in no way restrict the freedom of speech of the representative of India. At the invitation of the President, the representative of India took his seat at the Council table. Mr. PILLAI (India): The Indian delegation is very grateful to the Council for its kindness, notwithstanding certain initial hesitations, in permitting me to sit at this table. My only point in .. asking to be heard on this occasion is, as has been pointed out by some of the members present, to stress the great interest that we in India have in prosecuting the application of Pakistan for membership in the United Nations. India's interest is obvious.. I should have thought that, in an assembly of this character, that interest would hardly have been questioned. Pakistan, which all of us welcome into the family of nations, came int.o existence on the fifteenth of this month. The ter:itories of which this country is composed were, until that time, integral parts of India. The great Moslem community of India,. which was desirous of building up its own political institutions as a completely separate and independent nation, now sees its dreams fulfilled and we, as Pakistan's next-door neighbours, wish the new State all prosperity and happiness. La grande communaute islamique de l'Inde, qui desirait edifier ses propres institutions politiques pour vivre en nation entierement independante, voit maintenant ses reves realises. En tant que plus proches vOlsins du Pakistan, nous souhaitons au nouvel Etat la plus grande prosperite et le plus grandbonheur. I Notre association dans le passe et la proxit?ite geographique montrent que nous avons, avec~les s&

We shall vO,te on the question of admitting Pakistan to membership in the United Nations. A vote was taken by a show of hands. The proposal was adopted unanimously. Mr. KATZ-SUCHY (Poland): I wish to point out that the vote we have, taken here in regard to , Pakista.n cannot be used as a precedent to omit consideration of these matters by the Committee on the Admission of New Members. The state of affairs is not clear to us. We do not fully know whether Pakistan was born out of India or whether two new States have come into being. Of course, we accept India as a Member and we welcome Pakistan, but this precedent cannot be cited in the future as a justification in the event another State should split up into several States and all of those should ask for automatic admission, thereby depriving the Security Council of the privilege of making recommendations with regard to new Members. Il est procede au vote amain levee. A l'unanim.ite, la demande d'admission est acceptee. M. KATZ-SUCHY (Pologne) (traduit de l'anglais): Je tiens it faire observer que le vote auquel nous avons procede ici it propos du Pakistan ne saurait constituer un precedent permettant de dessaisir le Comite d'admission. des nouveaux Membres de l'examen de ces questions. La situation n'est pas tres c1aire pour nous. Nous ne comprenons pas tres bien si le Pakistan est ne de l'Inde ou si deux Etats sont venus it l'existence. Naturellement, nous acceptons l'Inde comme Membre et nous accueillons avec plaisir le. Pakistan, 'mais ce precedent ne pourra etre invoque a l'avenir comme justification, dans le tas ou un autre Etat se diviseraiten plusieur$ Etats 'qui demanderaient tous leur admission autom~tique, otant ainsi au COllseil de securitf le privilege qu'il a de faire des recommandation' en ce qui concerne les 'nOl1veaux lV,Iembres. Lt: PRESIDENT (traduit de I'anglais) : La prochaine seance sur l'admission des nouveaux Membres se tiendra jeudi matin, it 10 heures 30. Le Conseil de securite se reunira demain, cl 10 h. 30, pour poursuivre la discussion\ de la question de rindQllesie. L'apres-midi, nous nous reunirons pour discuter la question de la Grece. La seance est'levee a19 heures.

The next meeting on the admission of new Members will be held Thursday morning,. at 10.30. The 'Security Council will meet tomorrow, at IC.30 a.m., at which time we shall again discuss the Indonesian question. In the afternoon we shall meet to discuss the Greek question. The meeting rose at 7 p.m.