S/PV.2711 Security Council

In accordance with th@ decisions taken at the previous meetings on this item, I invite the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iraq to take a seat at the Council table; I invite the representatives of Argentina, Bangladesh, Egypt, the German Democratic Republic, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, Oman, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, TUniSia, Yugoslavia and Zambia to take the seats reserved for them at the side of ihe Council Chamber; I invite the representative of the Palestine Liberation Organization to take the seat reserved for him at the side of the Council Chatier, At the invitation of the Presi?ent, Mr. Aziz (Iraq) took a place at the Council table; Mr. Delpech (Argentina), Mr. Siddiky (Bangladesh), Mr. Abdel-Meguid (Egypt), Mr. Ott (German Deruacratic ~&public), Mr. Salah (Jordan), Mr. Al-8abah (Kuwait), Mr. Alaoui (Morocco), Mr. Al-Ansi (Oman), Mr. Kabar& (Rwanda), Mr. Shibabi (Saudi Arabia), Mr. Sarre (Senegal), Mr. Bouziri (Tunisia), Mr. Golob (Yugoslavia) and Mr. Mwananshiku (Zambia), and Mr. Khadoumi (Palestine Liberation Organisation) took the places reserved for them at the side of the Council Chatier. The PREEIDmT (interpretation from ; nit): I should Like to inform mnahnre rrc b-be r--.,-,,cfl f&t 1 -c .--..- -- u .H.. h;a;-c CrCek<& letiecs ;COii tic i~pi&eri&+i.;iit.S VI Afghanistan, Chad, Cuba and Mexico in which they request to be invited to participate in the discussion 0,” the i tern OR the council’s agenda. In accordance with the usual practice, I propose, with the consent of the Counc!.l, to invite (The President) those representatives to participate in the discuasian without the right to vote, in accordma with the r&want prwisiars of the Charter md rule 37 of the Council% prwieioual rules of ptoceduce. There being no objectian, it is 80 decided. Mr. ZaCif (Af*anistan), Mr. Lassou (Chad), Mr. Velazco S8u Jcse (Cuba) and MC. Maya Palencia (Maxi=) took the plaO88 reserved for them at the aide of the Council CharPber.

The S:ourity Council will now resume it8 consideration of the item on it8 agenda= Mr. RAsmSRI (Thailand)% Pitet of all I should like to convey to YOUI Sir, the warm felicitstione of my delegation and my own sincere congratulations On yOut aS8uIIptiCm of the presidency of the Security Coumil for this month. It is suet gratifying to see such 8 distinguished Asian proeidiug aver our deliberatiOmr par titularly on UUdl an issue of Such importianoe , whiti affects ypur regim ana which ha8 serious implications for that strategic part of Asia and beyond* RY delegatim is confident that with your reuogniaed diplasaetic skill and experience you will guide the COWWZi1’8 proceeding8 to a 8UCCeSSfUl CoJWlU8i~. I should also like to convey, on behalf of my delegatim and on my am behalf, out desp appreciation to your distinguished predecessor, Ris RWellexoy Aubassador Aleksandc Mikhailwich Eelmogov, Permanent Rt3spresentative of the unicm of Soviet Socialist F4publics, for the skilful manner in which he eanducted thewffkof the colmcil last month. The conflict betueen Irma and Iraq, nw in its wrath year o haa omtinUe8 t0 exact a heavy toll ana has imposea unmitigated suffering md hardehip on both partiea. It has had serious repercussims and ha% heightened the tension throughcut the Gulf area. More recently, it has threatened ta spill CNeC intO (Mr. Kaeemsr I, Thailand) neighbouring corntries) thus its dastablliaing effects are being felt with mwnttng Cmcern in the region and boyond. Given the rtretagtc imporlmce of the reglm, its imprct on international peace and stability cannot be overestimated. In the light of that fact, the Securi& Council has not been indifferent to the dangerous situaticm and it would be difficult indeed to find any 0th~ matter on which the CoUncil has rtteained ~m5moua in its pera#ian of the sfsmele8snesa of the situation and of the tcagic waste and in its realisation of the need ta bring the Conflkt to a speedy end. The Secre~ry-Gsneral, Tao, has put forth tireless efforts to assist the parties in alleviating the consequences of the canflict and to bring the war itself to en end. Even thou# his role is reagnized by both par ties, he has candidly informad us @hats Wnfor tunstely, It is evident nau that so far thoee efforts have not aaieved substantive progress towards the intendad goal - the ending of the war*” (SmJ.2709, p. 7) (EC. Rammsr i, Thailand) The &aetary-General valt arr .The vital question, of cmurse, ir vhat nev effort8 osn be deployed to secure a negDti&ted l ettleaent. Six re6olutiono of the Security Coutmil remain a6 mtt of the ctQoed, without satisfactary implcuentatim. Xraq has stated that St i#~ villiug to comply with all of them. Iran haa indioated that it ie not prepmred to accept them, on the ground that the Cotmcil has not dealt with Xran’a fmdammntsl griwancea: (WPV.2709, ~0 7-6) The Comcil’m stand of griuciple cm all aspects of the conflict ie vell knan, and so ate the genuine efforta by the pceseut Council to adrieve a balanced text* as exemplified by remlutia, 582 (1986) - all this to no avail. With increasing conearn, the Comcil aerkmro on 29 Augwt 1986 reweubad the President to eend a letter bo the Secretsry+mual, expreseing their euwrt for his cartiming effort to a-18 the cmflict, end reaffirsiug their view that raolutia 582 (1986) te~ai~M the wwt talesrat basis fog a aettlmnt. ny delegatiar viehes to reiterate ite full confidarcre in, as vell as its 8incete appteciaticn of, the Secretary-(ienepal% role in that regard. Thailaud enjoys diplomatic telatione with both portiaa. In the general debate at the currant saseicm of the (ihneral AgeerPbly, His mcelleucy Air Chief MetrPIal Siddhi Saveteila, Minister of Faeign Affairs of Thailgd, on 30 SBpte*Wr addreseed the follaoing appeal to thamt We vieh to see our tvo friends refrain from any actier whi& vould further aggravvete We eStuatiaPr. We call upco them to take a paaceful and negntbted route Warda resolving their diffetea?cee.m (h/dl/PV.17, pp. 34-55) The XR~IDBNT (interpretiticm fran Arabic): X thank the represeniativit of Thailand for hiS kind irorda addreseed to me and my country. The next speaker ie the representative of Saudi Arabia. X invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his stittsment. Mr. SHIWABI (Saudi Arabia) (interpretatio.1 from Arabic) r I am pleased to congratulate you, Sir, on your assumption of the presidency of the Security Council for this month. We are confident that with your eminent qualities and wise leadership you will & able to guide the Council’s proceedings towards the desired results. The bonds between our two countries defy definition and are so strong ao to be beyond description. I also have the pleasure of congratulating Ambassador Belcrllogov, last month’s President, who so ably directed the Council*8 proceedings, in a mannar that earned the appreciation and respect of all. This ia not the firat time that we have come to the Security Council in an international initiative to stop the bloodletting between Iraq and Iran, and it seems to me that it will not be the laat. The development of the tragedy so far , and what it will cost the people of the two countries, over and above what it has already cost, makes this appeal today from the Security Council a world appeal for a comprehensive and just peace between the two countries, an appeal that should have a Beeper significance than the appeala of the paet, because the dam is almost bursting , and the minds and souls of the people of the world are suffering the burden of the continuation of a war that ha5 become meaningleae. There is no victor or vanquished, and there are no indications that the war will reault in any victor or vanquished. It has entered its seventh year* and the people6 of the two brother countries have suffered more than enough, paying a toll in blood every day for the past six year6 , beyond what any people should be called on to bear; and yet they still face a stork future. In their early hietory each of those two peoples built a great civilization that gave an impetus to human progressuntil the two peoples ftaternized and were fused into one entity by the (Mr. shihabi, 8auaf Arabia) religion and civilisation of Salsm, which united their hearts and swords a8 Well as their means of livelihuod. The true religion of Islam rejects the sacrifice of hundreds of thousands of innocent souls in a war that has lost its meaning and aubatance, a war with no reasonable objective or acceptable significance. Islam calls upon the peoples of Iraq and Iran to make peace with their brothers. Islam rejects unjustifiable killing. We Say that So that those in charge wfll review their eeeeeerpent of the truth shout what is taking place, looking at the war fran outside the battlefield and examining and assessing it from an independent position. Iraq has agreed to end the war and resort to arbitration in accordance with international rules. We sincerely hope that the Muelim voice of Iran will give a positive response and rise above the level of the contlict, in order to 8ave the blood of Muelims. The purpose of the appeal that will be Before the Council in the form of a draft resolution is to explain to the fighting parties that the peace-loving world inaiete on putting an end to the war , absolutely rejects its continuation and is not convinced that the objection5 to ending it have any juetification- Needless to SSy# what is happening to navigation in the Gulf, in the form of obstructions and damage to shipping, is a bad omen of possible developPent if the war continues end attscks resume in an environment charged with the dangers of deepening and perpetuating the tragedy. We all know that if peace and good-neighbourly retatione are to be achieved, sacrifices must be made to arrive at a sound formula to solve the problems of war and peace. We all know even better that those sacrifices, no matter how substantial, are still less than the sacrifices in terms of a human life and of the (Mr. Shihabi, Saudi Arabia) deNrwtion of countrio that would ba mado if the war continues. The fuel for tbom huge l crifioial pyres im the flowor of the youth of the two countrlea, whose oorpoem are littering the barren rtretchem of the battlefield& ThOre sacrifLce8 and theme victim are beyond prim, in term8 of either war or p4mce. To whose benefit ia the war? And for what end doe8 it continue, 80 that we have to pay the price in human tragedies and ecoxmic disasters inflicted on our two brother pwpler3 We know that a resolution of the Security corprcil would not stop this war; but a unified stand by the Urited Nations and the peoples of the world would make the fighting parties realise that we & not appcave of this warI a sad war that is a burden on the human amscienae. Such a stand should have an effect upon the minds of those decision-makers who are rejectianists. we do not doubt that they mess S~SitiVe 8~18, bemuse the h=itiMian ethic mates from the conscience of peoples and nations, becau5e they are human and have families and relatives, as do the rest of the people affected by the consequences of these massacres on the battlefield. This way is wrarg. No gRe is infallible, but we say to our brothers who thCcW their own children into the battle that it is high time to redress the wrong by means other than total&structicn. Destructicm and ruin Bo not redress wrongt on t+e cantracy, they deepen the wounds , uhich will be difficult to heal in the lifetime of present or aoming generations. Why continue thie war ma threaten *ace, security and normal life in the area* with all the implications that this threatening eituation has for Other region5 and for the interests of many States? we should beware of the continuance of the war between these two neighbouring countries and of the mietake of it5 saOPe uihnh9 in sud a way as to bring about strong reactfans. we Should all be careful, first and foremost the people of the area,to preserve the understanding that ha5 chMacterised out relaticns and the amity desired by all. We all reaognize that the simplest humanitarian standards require the ending of this war. 18 it possible for the United Natiars to stand by as a spectator from -Y-.uu4k4l4+V? now aI, or far the ~cur~ty comcii not to PwriiiW it.Z b~p---------~ (Hr. Shihabi, Saudi Arabia) Let us work to persuade the world public to raise their voices above everything aud declare publicly what we eay at our restrioted wtingsr stop this war in accordance with international arbitration am3 international law and ~KWREL Persistence in striving to achieve this goal is a responsibility from which no one is exempt. We call upon the Council to adopt the resolution submitted to it without delay. It is an appeal for a just and viable peaceI aud it is one of our primary responsibilities to eupport its substance and content. we call upon our neighbour, Iran, to respond to the appeal for a peace that will bring it prosperity and satisfy the world’s conscience. we greatly hope that the Council will take a responsible etaud that clearly reflects wxld public opinion and recognizes the implications for the united Natione of the continuance of this war. The ~SIDENT (interpretation fran Arabic): I thank the representative of Saudi Arabia for the kind mrds he addressed to ms* The next speaker is the representative of Bangladesh, whom I invite to take a place at the Council table and to make a statement. Mr. SIDDIRY (Bangladesh): I am thankful to you, Sir, for according me this opportunity to speak this afternoon. May I commence by extending to you my eincere and heartfelt congratulationa upon your assumption of the presidency of the council. I have no doubt that your well-known qualities of head and heart will enable you to guide our deliberatione to a fruitful conclusion. I join my other colleagues in expressing sincere appreciation of the effective conduct of the affairs of this body by your predecessor, Ambassador Belonogov of the Soviet Union. I have asked to be allowed ta speak because to UB in Bangladesh the item Q1 our agenda, .The situation beween I ran and Iraq*, is a crucial one. I feel that, if I did not add my voice to thcee of my many colleagues in urging the need for peace, I should have aimed by silence. The continuing fratcicidal war between ILM and Irarq an8 the coneerquent sufferings cause us deep pain and ~guish. Wee all wars, this too has destroyed and divided. It has brought ruin upon the edifiags of two of the world’s most ancient and glorious culturea. It has generated far mote heat than light. It has tJ=eatened to tear to shreile the fabric of Islal~ic unity. It cannot but be a sad chaptar in the annals of our times. The somer we close this chapter the better for all of us. . Time and again the international omnunity has endeavoured tc bring the belligerents to the negotiating table, but to no avail. As a menber of the Peace Ccumittee 8et up by the Organiaaticn of the Islamic Cmference, Bangladesh has been an active participant in this effort. Ist me assert mequivocally ohat -gLadeah ia prepared to do all within its power to advance the cause of paaoe. We firmly believe that both Iran and Iraq are keen to end this tragic episode in their relations. Sadly, the various mete of term proposed have failed to ceaeive the hole-hearted eupport of both parths. W~I should ako bear in mind that the pec~les of boUl teen and lreq will need to be satisfied that the terms are honourable. L8t us tsy, thetefae, to design tie peace formule accof(linqly. Bete mY delegatim wculd like tc acknmledga with greet appreciation tie imporunt efforts mule by our f&wretary-General to bring peace to the region. -L*- .8.&D jzix, :%?L,, bZ bwtt *:?~e*A Tn*-rnnticnal Year of Peace. --.___ -.- Let this be an impcrtant watertied Pram wbictr to make yet another maesive effcrt. 9baayr with this in minc9, I wish to voice a fixvent aepeal to my Iranian and Iraqi brothers. (Mr. Siddiky, Bangladeah) The eyes of the world aPe focused an them. Cat those eyes behold a supeeme exaaple of belligerents’ having risen above theit self-in-rest for the gem&s and nobler cbuse of peace. That peace is in the interest of all is beymd debate. fat the fighting cease forthwith. Let the modalities of peace be worked out in due course. Iat the parties show their dauntless cowage in accepting peace as they have displayed it in going to wat. As soldiers of peace let them rebuild a structure of harmany that will long endure. rt IS not just the hope and desire of Wslims but the cherished aspiration of peoples everywhere. P say this to my brothers in Iean and Iraq. A large segment of 0uP globe Pemaina underpe ivileqd. Billiane are poor and hungry in this votld of scaece PesouPces. Est us, thetefare, not deplete these resources 01 the battlefield. Ist US use them not to wage wae but to wage peace and developaeht. To thcee rplo have watked for peace, including the Sectetary-General and the SWIM ity Council, we give OUT thanks, but theit labours should be mope aptly rewarded by the CeSm&tion of these hostilities. The PREsR?afT (interpPetatia\ fern Arebic)r I thank the repesenP;ative of Bangladesh far the kiud words he addressed to me. The next speaker is the mmty Prime Ministec and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Kuwait, Sheikh S&ah Al Ahmad Al Jabar Al-Sabah. I welcome him and invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make a statemmt. Mr. AL-SASAH (Kuwait) (intetpretatim from Arabic)% My country~e dalega tion is particularly pleased to see you, sir, presiding wer the Sacurity Council this mmth, since you tepreseot a sister ArJ, oouhtry from the Arab Gulf regiul. Your presidaucy reflects the ei~ificamx of that region in international allACtiVe action and the con&fbutim of ita people8 to the a&ieVemnt of Beeufity, stability and proepetity fat the woold. WA are c4nfide.M that you will succeed in your task, thanks to your unique ek ill and experience wbid, you will mdoubtedly txing to heap in shouldering the responsibilities of this lofty office. I wish also to command the valuable SRI k done by Ambaaeaibr Kalamgov, Perasnent Repcasaotitive of the Souiet UIim, during the past amtb* Wday we are 0noB again addressing the Council on the Iran-Iraq amflict. flaving entezed its seventh year, this military carflict has now beccaaa the longest of the century - a omtury replete with ecientific, intellectual and humanitarian accaaglif3hment8 an rhich we pride ourselves , tbich has led us to reflect on the leasars of the past and the wars end aonflicto that inflicted untold tragedies and calamities upon amkind. Thie conflict is raging between two neighbowing #oelem munt~ies that have been linked throughout the ages by bond8 and rehtionships which should have Wevented them Oroar slipping into tbe inferno of a sameless and aimless armad carflict. It has taken an grave diaenaions , rhfch the Council teas idantified. Since the outbreak of the conflict, Ule Couhcil hm there&xe adopted aix resolutions and agreed upon a number of etatesents by itB President. These teaolutime and etatemenes have all called for me p incipal and basic goal% stopping the artaed oanflict aad having recourse to negbtiatiom doped at a just and honourable solutim that protects the legitimate intersets of tiese two neighbouring countries. They were also baaed on the Wited Kations Charter and On the pr inciplas of intetnatimal law and vere in cmfotmity with the spirit of oue (Mr. Al-Sebah, Kuwait) true religion of Islam - the religion of tolerance, lwe, justice and dighityr in whose liqlht bask the two parties to the conflict. Ever since the carflict first erupted, individual, collective, regional and internaticoal efforts have been energetically and actively mad5 to douse it5 flames. Those ho mdertook such well-meaning endeavours were mtivated by the clear perception that the persistence and aggravation of the conflict without any solution in sight was massively exhausting the resources and energies of the two OXWtiieS involved in the dispute and also posing a direct threat to regional and internatiaral peace and security. man the very outset we have eecoguized the perils of this tragio amflict and we have therefore sought actively with our brothers and friends to end it. My cotmtry, Kuwait, aud I persmally had the hcmou Of conttibuting to many of three efforts aimed at bringing an end to the caiflict. After all those years, after all the heavy less in life and property of the two neighbouring corntries and after all the consequences of the conflict that have reached such a degree that the area’s security and safety are being threatened, we now find ourselves ccnkmted with alarming indications heralding foreign fntervmtim in this critical region of the world should the war linger cn and expand to embroil counuies fhat are not party to it. Against thie background we ask the follaving: Until when? What are we headed for? Who benefits from all these tragedies? &ho can stop this dwastatinq conflict and drive the danger away from the people8 of the region, and inbed of the wosld? In the circufmtances, and since we are guided by our faith in and Out ommaaeht to the ulited :!atiane Charter and ita lofty principles, we are obliged to have recourse to the Comcil and its metiers, in the hope that they will effectiW3l.y shoulder their responsibilities and seek mediately to implement the Council ‘8 previous reeolutiona on the subject. (Mr. Al-Sabah, Kuwait) let us speak frankly. Each time we are driven by circurrBtanceS to bring our Cause to the Council on a question that ha5 already been abeted several times and on tiich rpany resolutions have been adbpted meetly with unanimity, our concern about the role end efficacy of the secu~ ity council - the body on which the United Nations Charter has vested special responsibility for the nraintenance of inteCnatiOn81 mace and security - is heightened. Our cmcecn sterpp from a profound belief in the role and Signific8nce of this world Organizatian in general and the Security Council in particular. Ever since the creation of this macstinery , mankind has solemly undertaken to have recourse to it for solving differences; it has been held as the legitimate instrument for settling disputes by peeaeful means instead of by resorting to the use of force. whenaver we 8g8fn have rewurse to the Council to discuss the sam5 subjeotaatter, it means that its resolutions have not been implementi, its will has not been respected and in@r national legitimacy has been diecredited. Kuwait believes that the me&era of the Security Council have to move from a position Of theoretically registering their Q)ncern over the situation and their desire to establish pe8ce to a prectical poeitian prwiding the necessary conditions for ending the tragedy. We eapact the Council truly and sincerely to fulfil the ceeponsibilitiee incumbent upon it in the provisions of various Articles of the Charter which are aimed at settling disputes by peaceful means and refraining from the use or threat of um of force in international relations. Iraq has reqmnded favourably to the Council'5 resoluticms; it ha6 accepted them ald the Co~cil’~ manate in settiing ita diGpiG ii:tb I:=; Wd it h@ alao eubscribed to all the endeavours and initiatives undertaken by many parties. xc4 hea itsellE introduced its own initiatives, the latest of which includes the fom3atione that should be included in any just and comprehensive solution. (Mr. Al-sabah, Kuwait) Kfmrrtially, they ue ccrgrhdof comna~ly endaaed povtrioru of intrrnati~rl law and inrrCruuntot compleb withdcawrl to intarnatimal bomdaeirs, Irxapr&en8ive exchange of pcieonus of wu, oigdng of 8 pm00 md non=aggrWJion agreement mb nukintacvanUan in interiml affairs. (Ht. Al-Sabah , Kuua It) Iraq also introduced proposals for arbitration to determine who started the aggre88ia and has persisted in it. Mgrettably, that genuine desire by one party to the confliot for the establishme& of peace was uot reciprocated by the other party. Bawevet, we still hope that, out of conmrn for the security, peaoe and safety of our region and tie wald, the ~sl&nic IIepublic of Iran will reconsider its attitude regarding this omflict and take the internatfmal mnsensus on the necessity of terminating &is war and having recourse to negotiations and an hmourable peaoe ae adequate motivation for responding to the global appeal and to the role played by this Couneil in solving disputes by peamful means0 Together with other nations of the world, we believe that military for-, however great, of titwer kind and no matter aat the cauee of its yer cannot ensure the establiehamnt of lasting peace and the peaceful, etable coexistince of nations. Persistence in using force will umSoubtedly lead to further exacerbation and complication of the situation and e-se tbe entire eegian to danger and destructicn. The heads of State or Goverrmmt of nm-aligmd countries met last month in Barare and debated the various Ltematiaral situations and intractable disputes that threaten ule security, stebility and unity of the countries metiers of the Hatemmt and international peace and security. First am4mg euoh conflicts is the Iran-Ir4 war, on which the leader8 of the nan-aligned countries agreed on a clear, forthright text that reaffirmed the ihwitabilify of applying in this conflict the pr incigle of the nawuse of force in internatimal relatims and urged both Iran and Iraq immediately to cease military action in order to prwsnt further loss of life and propxty. The Reads of State or Govet rwnt also v&red to & their utreost to help to king thie tragic dispute to an immdiate end. That tart acOllwed a general consensus amg the leaders of the M#v@mnt’s Seder muntriee ad was incorporated in the Political Declaration that they adopted. me therefore oome to this Council supported by that collective paeitian a&pted by the Non-Aligned mVe194nt, which comprises 101 of the nations of the world. The !&cucity Council’s cancucrence with and endorsement of the derads arade by the non-a’ igned corPltr ie* at their suaait meeting in Harare would represent a trimph for right and justice and a ctntribution towards ending this devaetating war in our region. Since the outbreak of this omflict the Secret4ty4eneral of the United Nations has exerted considerable and sincere efforts to bring it to an end and avert its effecte and the danger of its scope being widened. While thanking him fa undertaking these valuable endeavours and for the realistic report he submitted to the Council last Priday, Kuwait is hopeful that he will remain indefatigable in his efforts to ensure a praarpt and apee* end to this war asr the basis of the prhcipl@S which the intirmtianal 00mnuniCy has accepted 88 providing the best meane of solving any oarflict in our wacld. We in Kuwait feel the enamsua danger more than others and have an wect;hehing eense of the menace of its exacerbation and the consrquence~ for security in our regian. Becsuee MI are anxious for peace and good-neighbourliness with Iran, our Muslim neighbour , and for coexistence and fruitful oudperation bewmn our oeoples, we have come with our brother aret&~ers of the Comittee of Seven. to prt this question before the S0curity Council ~lce again. We expect the Council to play a more effective role than in the past, a role that derives from the responsibility that it bears for wald peace, a role that pits right in perspective, prevents Banger and en& the conflict. The RRFBID~T (interpretetial from Arabic)t I thank the Ueprty Prime Minister snd Miniefer of &reign Affairs of Kuwait foe the kina lards he niWr-=PA -- _-- -- to ‘PB. The next speaker ia the representative of the Ftman Democratic Eiapublic. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make a statementnc. o??l! (Gecxan Democratic Mieprblic): Permit me at the very outset, Sic, to convey to you my varm congratulations ~1 your assumption of the pcesiaency f0c the mcmth of Ocbobec and to wish you success in that responsible task. At the same time I should like to express thanks and appreciation to the PerPanent Representativeof the Soviet Uniar, Alexander Mikhailovich Belcmogov, for the excellent way he caracted the pcoceeaings of the Council in the month of Saptembec . The delegatia, of the German ~eaiooratio IPBpublic has asked to speak fn tbis debate in ora= toexgfeso, like manyother States, iteasep caicern wet the oontinuing war between Xcan and Iraq, which has led to untold human suffering ana awtabti0n 0n both da66 We Beploce this, particularly since it is a aBnfccmtaticm between two ncm-aligned States whose peoples have contiibumd so much to world aivilization and today have: to oope with many couuam tasks in their social and emnomia developPent, two States with which the Gmnan Democratic Republic maintains friendly relations. My aelegaticm shares the view that the tragic conseWence8 of this oonfl i& havealready dalegreat harm to the two peoples and prevent them from using their potential to the full in the anti-~mpecialist atcuggle. fn this amtext, I should like to stress mat my country ie linked with the aountcies of that cegiar by efforts to seouce world peeoe and the search for a canprehensive, durable and just solution to the problems in the Middle East. The oontinuatia, of this military conflict greatly endangers stability and security in the entire Gulf region. Fur thee wore, it it3 a serious thceat to wocld peab-use the most ceactionacy imperfaliet forms ace using this conflict as a pretext for growing interference ana their military presence in the region. FOC these Reagan also the German Damoccatic Republic calls for a speedy tecminetiar of the vat beWean Iran and Iraq and vafns against any outside intecference and escalaticm and intecnationa~izatlon of the conflict. In this ccmnection, the Germs DerPocratic Republic reaffirm8 its position that oonflicb and disputes between State8 must be settled by peacraful aeans, with full respect for the peoples’ right to self-determirrPrtian. This attitude is based on the fundaPanta1 principle of OUT foreign policy that there is nothing more important than tcsecure world peace- In view of the attempte made by those in well-knwn imperialist quarters to achieve their own hegemic aims by way of plotting regional canfliets, a speedy and peaceful settlement of dispute8 is vory imprtent. This is especially true of the ccnflict between Iran Md Iraq , two significant States of that regiar with ,i& the German Democratic F@ublic maintains multifarious relatiars. &ly delegaticm, therefore, eupporto all initiatives which ace cardrcive to a solution, en the basis of international lav, aoceptablo to both sides. Prcm the first day of the conflict, the Germen DepDcratic Rqublic hao clearly stated that disputes and military conflicti are not in the interest of the peoples. Therefore, we very uah roqret that despite a nu&er of attempts to Settle the Wnflict, no program has been achieved. t4everthele6e, tt is operative, in the interest of the people8 md of world peaom, to silence the guna and open the door to negotiations. Everything ruet be done to convert the gulf region into a zcue of peace end stability. In a teneo interuational okuation, when the Purthar stockpiling of veapons and the attempt to militarize outer space are threatening the very existence of -kind, it haa nQs been pxsible, after amsietent efforta to a&ieve dialogue and mde-rstanding and after unilateral measucea of good will and far-teaching dieat-nt prqmmls, ta 0-a an encouraging signal. The leading repeambtivelr of the gwiet miar and the Chited States will ohatly continue their talks at a sumit meeting. ThauKB m the realism and constructive approach of both eidee, it vaa ponsible a few day8 ago to reach agreeaent ar that meting. With the continuatiar of tJ3ie dialogue all mankind cherishes the hope fa disarmament aud durable peace, for new etepa to toI+leCe amfrantation by comaon sense ana tealime. As the peoplee of the world rightfully expect, the talks should alro provide an important impetus to a policy of unLbtatanaing ma real&a in all 6ghhepes, and oreate an otIoosphere for the promtion of peaceful settlement *an peace ie Lx&en. In this 8ent;e0 all pussibilitiee for a eoluticm by negotiation to the tragic conflict betwen Zran and Iraq ehould be used without MY further ashy. what the peopl6s want and moo ia not the continuation of confrantetien, and 19-t. of all tie search for new weapons aystsara, but effective stem to end the ama ram on Escth and prevent its epread to outer space. Pbr thi8, the Soviet thim, the German WmcratLc Republic and other eocialiet Statfm have made far-reaching proposals, tiich aleo take into consideration ideas and ccnoapts Of the other aide. Since the questions at issue directly affect the security of all oountries, indeed the very existence of mankind, serious and businesslike dialogue assumes immense importance. This was and is the position of the arman pemqaatic I&public - the ponitiar by which it is guided in its active peace policy. As waa underlined by my c~Untry*s Head of State, ~ri.& flaecker, in our time, when the issues of war and peace have shifted into the nuclear dimension , nothing can replace political dialogue. It is of great importance for the relaxation of tensions% it deepens mutual understanding and promtes oo*Peration* My delegation believes thet this maxim is in accordance with the will and vital interest of all peoples. This was illustrated by the eighth summit conference of n--aligned countries at Harare and can also be seen from this forty-first oession of the ulited Nations General AsserdDly. The announcement Of the Boviet-American meeting indeed eends an enaoursging signal for all those who hold dialogue and the peaceful settlement of diepltes cl-e to their heart. The PRESIBENT (interpretetion fram Arabic): I thank the representative of the German Derocra tic Republic for the kind words he addressed to UK?. The next speaker is the representative of Cuba. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to rPdke his statement. Mr* vf&M(z) 8A.N J0SE (Cuba) (interpretation from Spanish): y=. p:e?&*t, 04+aC -9 al: up *elfi like te +c~wan OL_IP p~t+eure at eeaing YOU m--m -e presi& over the Security Council. We are convinced that your prwen diplomatic akill will ensure the ewroth progress in our work. (Mr,. Velaaco San Jaee, Cuba) I would also like to congratulate the Ambaosadot of the Soviet Ilniar, Alewndsr Selamgov, for the very capable mamer in which he conducted the p~0Oet3ahgs in the security council last SW.e*er. The conflict which is trodmy claiming the attentim of the Security Council broke out six year0 ago, and throughout thase years hundreds of thousand8 of men, UOIDBn and children, cotiatants and civilians, have lost their lives in a war whi& never should have begun. lb this terrible toll can be added the destruction of both a~~ntrie~’ eoonamies, whidr seriously affects ?he future development of the countries and jeopardizes the interests of peace in this area of tie watld and in the entire world. When it was Chairman of the mvement of Non-Aligned Countries, Cuba decided, . in Hay of 1980, to offer to mdiate in order to try to a?‘oid the conflict that seemed to be looming iu view of the steady deterioratitm in relatims between the two oomtries and of the beginning of wilitary aotivities alaag the bordere. oily a few months later, imnediatsly after the war began, our aouuuy antinued to put forward its pasea efforts, together with other metiers of the Movement. It was our COnVictiar, and it centinugs to bj so, that it is for the nan-aligned oouutries to strengthen tbeit tz&esiveneee and solidarity and redouble their efforts for pea-# for a new, just, esmosic cedar and for an appropriate eolutim e0 the pr&lenrs that are weighing heavily on our pa~ples. The war between Iran and Iraq has not anly caused bloodshed in these two Statee melPbers of our Movement, but if3 ale0 preventing them from fulfilling their human and eamomic potential in the interest of theft peoplee and in the interest of the just cause8 in which we are all ifWOlved0 (ME. Velazco San JoQe, Cuba) A short time a+, attending the summit cmference in Harare, we heard the Overwhelming ~jority of the Heads of State and mvermnt pleading for a ceseatia of the war and for a pemaeful and honourable solution. Just 8 few step8 away from th iI Council Chder , in the Csneral msembly, the same heartfelt appeals can be heard. It can be said that the arvertielming mjority of mankind is earnestly calling for a ceoe;rtiar of the war between Itan and Iraq and haa urged that there be no more bloodshed among the son8 of those oolmtf ice and that peace reign in this nerve-centre of the world. It iS tiW for a ceseatfcm of the hastilitiee, tfme for a just ad haourable peace to replace the sound of gum and put an end to the loee of human life. We must all make an effort to bring about a cessation of the conflict and to try to find a my to pat an end to the hastilities. Our aountry ha8 excellent relatima wit& both parties to the conflict and we ace dietreeaed and disppay5d at the sacrifice in this wol of the fineM youg pple in Iran and Iraq, not (b we like to see the continuatim and exteneim of this ccmflict offering the imperialists an excuse to intervene with their fczcee ar:d to strengthen a presence which no one wants and whidr will mly prove to be ~uiuiental to the people of the region. (Hr. VelaZCO San Jose, Cuba) The voice of reason must hold sway over the voice of Wara The interests of the peoples of Iran and Iraq, end those of the peoples of Palestine and of the region as a whole, must take precedence over any other kind of considerat ion. In conclusion, I should like to mote the words of the President of the Council of State and of the council of Ministers of Cuba, Comrade Fidel Castro, in the recently concluded eighth summit Conference of Non-Aligned Countries in Rararer *The war between Iran and Iraq, two Member States of our Movement, should never have broken out. Unfortunately, all efforts to find a solution to this difficult and complex conflict have been in vain, but this met not lead us to falter in our efforts to find peace and to do what we can to repair the damage . and bind the wounds resulting from this fratricidal conflict.’ That is Cuba’s position. We will never falter in this task, which IS also the task of the whole Non-Aligned Movement , as long ae there is a chance to help to restore peace between Iran and Iras. The PRESIUENP (interpretation from Arabic): I thank the representative of Cuba for the kind words he addreased to me. The next speaker is the representative of Mexico. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement- Mr. MAYA PALEBKXA (Mexico) (interpretation from Spanish): Mr. President, firet I should like to express to you the pleaeure of my delegation at seeing you preside over the Security Council this month, in view of your well-known diplomatic skille. We are also pleased to pay a tribute to your predecessor, the Permanent Representative of the soviet Union, for the manner in which he conducted the proceedings in the Council last month. The President of Mexico, President de la Madrid, addressing the General Assembly on 24 September last, stated: (Mr. Ebya Palencia , Mexico) ‘The prevention of nuclear uar ia linked to the solution of c~@~fliCtS affecting the balance of power. In various geographical areas the exercise of force and intolerance hinder &ances for conciliation.” (A/4l/PV.B, PO 12) After referring at length tD the crisis in Central -erica, he added: %a stand for negotiated solutions to carflicte not only in the region which is CLCmmt to us but also in other areas, whether in the South Atlantic, southern Africa, the Middle East, the Mediterranean a South-East Asia. we are convinced that, with an imaginative and constructive approach, opportmities foe mderstanding uan be found in each of these placesoD (ibid., m. N-20) It is in this epir it that wy delegntian ha8 asked to apsak, without the right to vote, at thio mesting in accardance with the prcuLeions of Article 31 of the Chartar of the Security Council dealing with the situation between Iran and Iraq. We consider that all regional oonfliots and threat6 ox the use of force, as well as all fblrms Of interventicm, jeopardize the security not only of neighbouring countries but aleo ultimately jeopacdize the secL:ity of all Maiaber Stetef3. There 18 no other Uay to uonstcue the essential parpose of the United mtims as sumed up in Article 1, paeagraph 1 of the Charter , idhh is to maintein Intemati~al maoe and seuur i(U, and, to that end: to take effective collective meamres, in c~forrpity with htetMti=1 law. At its meeting QL 24 Pebruary 1986, the @curity Council examined in detail the queatiar which hae >w been befae us fa more aan six years as a result Of the COnflict b.sWeen Iran and Iraq - both abuntries with vhf& we have cordial diplomtic relations - rlhich hae caused heavy lo88 of life and considerable mater ial darnege, an3 which ie endangering that internatiarel peaoe and security. The Council recalled the prwisions of the Charter, and in particular the obligatiar of all Metier Statts bo settle their internatimal diepues by peaceful (Hr. Uoya Palencia, Mexico) meana* elnphasiaing the principle of the inadmieeibility of the acsuisition of territory by force; it alao took note of the praiseworthy madiation efforts being made in this case by the Secretary-General. Having considered the aituation once again today, Mexico conaiders it appropriate, in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter, and with the unbroken peace-loving traditions of our people and Government, to appeal’ to both earties to the conflict to collply fully and without delay with all the Provisimns of resolution 582 (1986), adopted by the Council on 24 Pebruety of this year, not only to achieve a lasting peace between the parties to the conflict, but alsO by 80 doing to contribute to the peace end security of mankind as a whole. The geographical and cultural affinities that have linked Iran and Iraq throughout their history, and the desire of their peoples to live in peace and achieve a prosperoue development, should, in the opinion of my delegation, override any other peripheral considerations , a8 well as the origins and came6 of the conflict, so that it can be eettled peacefully and with honour a8 6oon as possible. The hietory of both theee Member State8 and the conflict with which we are dealing here certainly did not begin with thie war@ and it will certainly not end with it. That history ehould be extended in the future on the baais of mutual understanding and coexistence in accordance with international law and with due regard for their respective values. Thus Mexico today joins the appeal made by a majority of Member States that Iran and Iraq ehould immediately implement Security Council reeolution 562 (1986), to which I have referred, and that the Secretary-General should inteneify his efforts to pereuade both partiee to establish a laeting peace which would be of benefit to one and all and would Uemonstrate the deelre of both aide6 to promote the development of their people8 by putting an end to thie long and distressing conflict. The PRpSIDm (interpcetatian from Arabic): I thank the representative of btaxico fox hia kind word5 addeeeeed to ms- The next spaaker is Me representative of Bulgaria. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement- Mr. TSVIWKOV (Bulgaria) (interpretation from French); Mr. President, I take great pleaeure in ccmgratulating you, on behalf of the Bulgarian delegation and QL my own behalf, on your assumption of t4e presidency of t4e Security Council for the malt4 of uctaber. Aware as we are of your wealt4 of diplormtic experience and political wisdom, we are confident t4at you will successfully carry out the rgsponeibilities entrusted i.you thier~mth. Ch behalf of ny delegation, I should like to take this opportunity to thank Aa&msador BelumgW, the Permmar.t Rspreaanntetive of the Soviet mian, for the 4isb degree of skill and effectiveness wit4 which he guided the meetings of We COUIIC~~ awing the leonth of septe*sr. (Ht. Tevetkcw , Bulgat ia) I have listened closely to tie speakers rho preceded me. Their legitimate concern about the conflict bebween Iran and Iraq, which has been going cm for mote than six years, is me t&hi~ ve entirely share, as it is shred by the intirnatiaral ~)munlty, and that is borne out by the urgent convming of the colmcil. This has been a lang war and a bloody me0 which has brought ally suffering and incalmlable losses to the peoples of those two countries and to those in that part of the world and Rich, furthermore, has pawed to be a dangerous destabilising faclmt in an already explosive area, a war which seoiously endangers internatiaral peace and security. Its escalatia, can arly serve the nattcw interests of thase who take the liberty of proclaiming this part of the world %n area of their vi-1 intetei3ts”. The Bulgarian delegation consequently joins in the urgent appeals mada by 811 previous speakers that an hnediate end be put to this senseless conflict and that it be resolved by peaceful means# particularly sinin a complex and tense lnternatiaral atmoeghete any local carflict has inherent in it the teal risk of leading eo a major aonftartatiar, even a glabal one. The facts make it necessary for a new apptoacii to be taken to the problems of WaL and pea-, the pr&lems of national and intetnatiaral recut ity. That approach is are tiich should UWXI and for all rule out war ftcun the life of mankind, an approach based fitet of all Q) an end to the arms race and the peaceful settlement of disputes. The People’s Regtblic of Bulgaria hae always follaved the principle that States should avoid resorting to force or the threat of force in resolving theft contrwersies and dieputes. These ptableme should be settled around the negotiating table, with full respect for the h%perrdence, sovereignty and legitimate interests of the States cmcerned, without any foreign inter been-. ‘k, (Mr. lWetkav, Bulgaria) bring that about it is essential also that all the States involved and the entice international oemmu?ity play their collective part. That approach was ccmf ir& awe agair in the camamiq~ ieaued following the meting of the Political Carsultative Cmittee of the States Msrkkrs of the Warsaw Treaty held last Jme in Budapest: “It is only through political means and by collective en&avouro on the part of all States that it will be possible to guarantee all peoples and COUntrieS security and conditiars of peaoe for their developPent and their progress. ” Alrthermore, that requirenent ie one of the fundmkmtal principles of the Charter, which enjoins upon all nations the duty to settle their disputes by peaceful means and to avoid endangering internatimal paaae and security. It should also be tecatled tbet solving internatiaral disgrtes is are of the fundamental elements of the general systetm of international securf~, the creation of &icb will be discussed at the forty-first session of the General Assembly on a proposal mads by the socialist oountries, including the People’s Republic of Bulgaria. All this is fully germane to the present oonfliot beween Iran and Iraq. The position of Bulgaria on this, a positian temtedly put farward, ha8 not changed singe this armd conflict first broke out. The People’s Rsplblic of Bulgaria has always joined in any appeal for the immediate cessation of haetilities so that this aonfliet can be brought to an end in an hcmourable way@ through peaceful means, in accordance with the Charter of the mited Nations and the resolutions Of the seeur ity Comcil. This positian is a reflectiof ouz oometn at the eontinuatim of the akmcuaral and dangerous situaticm prevailing in that part of the world aa veil a6 OUI anxiety to see an end to this uselee bloo&hed. Bulgaria, vhid, ~~~intxaina (Mr. 33svetkov, Bulgat ie) friendly telatiohu, ‘bogether with nutuelly a&antageoUg oo*petatlmr with both parties has extremely warm feelings towards both those peoples. In the hope that they will shortly be liberated fran the horrors of war , we are prepared to make our full amtribution in order to bring about the cessatiar of this armed conflict and a just and caupxehehsive solutim to the dispute between Iran and Iraq within the framawork of the ulited Nations. My country has never failed to give it8 support to the mediation efforts of the thited l?atiom &cretary-general and Other amstructive efforta made internaticmally to being about a political settleumnt to the carflict. The role of the Securiw Couacil in this regard is extremely important. In carclusioh may I exprees the hope, on behalf of my delegatfan, that through enag6tiC and constiuctive efforta the wrld oonaumity will be equal to the requirementsof our day andwilldo everything it can to bring about a just and Usting eettlement to the conflict bebeen Iran ad xraq, in th& fn&rnatitXbal Year of Peace &ich it has proclaimed, 80 that the way can be paved to a better and nose eecuc e uor 18. The PRESIDE (interpretation from Arabic): I thank the repesentatfve of 8ulgaria for the kind worib he addressed to me* The next epakee inscribed ca my list is the Minister of EWeign Affairs and Co~pero tion of Chad. I welcome Bis Excellency and iuvite him to take a seat et the Council table and to make his etitement. Mr. IA88OU (Chad) (interpretation from Premh)r Piret may I thauk yrou, Mr. President, and other me&eze of the Council for allowing me to participate in this debate <111 a matter which ie a major wnmrn of the iuterhational m,amuhity . I &ould like to take this oppartmity ta congratulate yau, Sir, on your acxeesim W the presidency of the Security Council for this munth. k.3 are (Mr. Lmseou, Chad) particularly satisfied at meeing the representative of l fricmlly corntry *am9 diplatfc acwmn, tact and far-eightodnus are ~11 kamm to all. Thae qwlrtiee augur well for the BuaceBB of our future work. I should aleo like to exprere ay gratibde to MC. Alexandar Relanogov for the admir&le way in whi& he conducted the work of the Cotnoil during September, a mnth marked by the triggering off of teroori8t attach. Unfwtunately, it io once again violena, that oordid inrrtruaent for settling disputes, tJhi& is the oubject of our preeent debates. For nix yeam nowI a murderous umfliat hae plunged into mourning two fraternal cotmtries, me&mrs of the gre3t family of the Islapric Cmferenat. In that eenoeleee war, a heavy pr ioe haa been paid by both al&a, m8ter ially and in human term. (Mr. Lasaou, Chad) The disturbing dimensions that the conflict is now aW55ing presolt the ineXOKable K isk of ite spreading throughout the QJlf regiQ1, implying a grave threat to international peace and security. w-strategic interests have already turned the arm intO a veritable powderkeg. The Recur iw Council, which has had this worrying mtter before it since 1980, has considered all aspcts of the cmflict on a nu&er of occ(~~ions. The elements of a Conprehensive solution were clearly set out in resolutiar 514 (1982), of 2 July 1982. Since then they have been regularly repted. Unfortunately, the voios of reason and xo&raticn has not been heeded, thus prwaking, it appeara, the exact opposite - a new flare-up of viOleiW0. Last February the international ananunity follawed with deep anxiety the major offensive laun&ed by the Islamic forces of Iran against Iraq% very f3WmeigntYr the objective being to oocupy certain part5 of that country% territory. By adopting resolution 582 (1986), of 24 February 1986, the &cutity Council laid the foundaticms for a just and lasting solution tu the Iran-Iraq oanflict. President &dd(irp Hussein edbpted a padtim -plying with that resolution, which Iasant co-operating by all means possible with the Security Council to achieve a Se propmed a general, ccrpplete and wconditianal withdreual * canprehensive peaoe. to the internationally reaognized boun&r iesi a general ad m@eb ex&age of prisanete$ the signing of a peace and nonaggressim pact between the WO Countries3 and nar-intervention in eacdr other’s inwrnal affairs, with es& muntry respecting the other’s choice of ita own path. My delegation believes that thkape are elements of a constructive attitude, consistent witpL the norms of internstiara Hcn+eveK, ray clelegatian is mncerned that that good-will gesture has received no favourable respmme fK0m the Iranian side, which, morewer, states that Iran will not extend its hand again tr3 the people of It2xi until thase people are (Mt. Ummu, Chad) freed from the grip of Saddam Hussein. That blatant, stubborn dieregard of the decieicsne oil the international mlrmuniw haa the potential for an escalation with Chad, which haa known the hccmre of a war imposed cm it by the expansionist Tripoli rdgima, ie well phced to understand the serioueneso of such a turn of eventi. That is why we firmly support Presilient Saddam Hussein*8 paace initiative. The Counsil at. 1U present meetings should a&pt appopriste measures con&cive to ensuring the unumdttioral implementstim of resoluticm 582 (1966). mly paeftive stepe and the aosperation of both parties can make possible an end to that futile amflict and ~11~ the two countries to devote themselves to a mere constructive task - the rebuilding of theit devastated ecanamies. Wa make that appeal cn behalf of the suffering peoplea of Iran and Iraq. The PRESITHNT (interpretation Pram Ar&ia)t I thank the mlifater foe POreign Mfake and Co-aparatitm of Chad for his kind worde adtkeesed to am. There are no further speakers for thie meeting. The next meeting of the Semrity Council to continue csonsiderstiar of the item cn the agen& vi?.1 be held tomorrow at 3.30 p-m. The meeting taee at 5.35 p.m.