S/PV.2726 Security Council

In accordance with the decisions taken at previous meetings on this item, I inviti the representative of Zimbabwe to take a place at the Council table; I invite the representatives of EJypt, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, &xocco and the Syrian Arab Peprblic to take the places reserved for them at the side of the Council Chanberj I invite the representiitive of the Palestine Liberation OtganiZatiOn Co take a place at the Council table. At the invit;ation of the President, Mr. Wdenge (Zinbekte), took a place at 3), the Council table Mr. Radawi ( Mr. Abulbasean (Kuwait), W. Slaoui (Morocco) and Mr. Al-Atassi (Syrian Arab Remblic) took the places reserved for them at the side of the Council Chambers Mr. Terai (Palestine Liberatia, Organisation) took a place at the Council table. The PRBIDRDIt The Security Council will naw resume its conei&rati&of the item on it8 agenda. Mr. CJBEFD (Ghana): I should like, sir, to convey to you the eincere congratulations of the Ghana delegation ar your assunption of the presidency of the Council for the month of oacember. You are a highly acclaimed diplomat with an enormu5 power of persuasion. It is our hop, therefore, that under you experienced and esteemed guidance the Council will reaffirm its awtral role in the nxaintenmnnn nf 4nternatima1 -Fe and aerywity. -- -_. --_ .- _- -..-- .-- -- I wish also to pay a tribute to Sir John Thomson, Permanent Representative of the United Kinqdan, for his energetic and skilful leadership of the Council during t.he month of November. The Security Council has convened in response to the traqic werts that have unfolded and are still escalating in JerusaLfan, in particular the unfortunate WvUrtE of 4 Deaember 1986. The importance and urgency atta&ed to security couacil comidera tion of the current ei tuatiae l tam not arly foam the tragic lose of human life in the ctQ but aleo from the real potential that the increasing violence has fa the breach of internatiaml pmoe ad seaurity. The Ghana delegation hopes@ thetefme, that the Council will aatdeaioively in plrauance of ite solemn mandate. A few &ye ago, on 4 mceaber t#b be exaat, Israeli occupaticn faaeo arraed with eubmad8ine guns and tear gas opened fire m a group of Palestinian etu&ntS fccn Bir Zeit mkersity in occupied tetritay. F&pats indioate th8t two P8lestinian students were killed and l5 others womded. The two dead suffered fate1 bullet uomde in the head ad &eat. Xt is alleged that in related incidents Iareeli securiQ foraeo crbQatsd from 8apitalo som of the Palestinian patients mdugohg treatamt. Thedisglayof Ietreli fOCOe, it is further reported, was in reopmee to defenaelese students’ deoonetratiam. The latest incidmta have theiz imdhte o8uee in the attgppt by oecuption forcee to eqxese Palestinian etudmtprowma againateartel, artillary wdnaval attadrs onPalenatini6n mope insarUmrnLsbmm md toaanowledge the eolidafity felt by tbe rest of the world. A0 Counoil tne*ers are fully aware@ these tnci&nte occurred in me wake of violent fntWZamma1 claehee a fatnight eatlief in the viainity of the old city of Jerusalem. My del9tion is theretore not surprised that the demcmetratione on 4 Deceaber ended in violent confrmtstion. SinC!s the Council began omsideratian of this important and urgent matter last Friday, 5 Decentm! 1986, sy delegation has listened with keen htereet to the I-L _L_ ucwsas.a, *ii& eii@&Siiy t6 &ii, 8LSt.s3Ei+it Of Gie Permfment k3pzesani;ative of ieceei, who gave an accost of the events leading to the tragedy a@ hi8 Government 8aw them. It is ncu clear that the main inqtedfente of the incident on 4 December have been established: that fe, Palestinian students congregated at the B~K Zeit Vnivereity cm the fateful day to hold demstratims, whi& the Israeli authorities feared might end in violenoe; the buthorities therefore took measures on that day to blo& the main road to the univereity, threw canisters of tear-gas at the studants ad finallyopened fire QI them. Without wishing to dwell to0 1-g ~1 details, let m etete that, aa far as the Ghm8 delegation is ccmcerned, it finds the Iaraelihandlingof theeituation far ftOPl SatiSfactPry, because it ladced tl¶e distinct irrgtesoiar of an effort to avoid md &f-e ten6ion in a timely fachicm. The Permanent Ilspesentative of Israel confirmed to the SecuriQ Council that hi6 Governmmt had been in poeeessiar of pria intelligence reports to the effect mat etudente at the miversity would demvtrate. Even if Me oocuoying authaitlae had not poeeesseed this informatiar, they could also not have failed to infer tSlat Palestinian students, who Overwhelmingly rejected and demounord the ruaali pemnat in Jerusalem, were likely to bold demonstrations Q) a day devoted by the internatimal community to fhe engreseian of solidscity with the Palutinian people. War it impoeeible to take woeful step Mg the conmity to enmue that the dey would be marked WiWmut violence? Were eudi paaful initiatives hpsrible ammg a ppulatiol Wtat tbo Pammmt RsprQeentative of 16cael ha8 said wa8 the happy beneficiary of Iaraeli mmifiaanoe mdenli*tenmmt? Or wne Iuael reacting angrily t0 what it perceived to be intenatiakal eupOortt for Palmtiniaw? Theee are judiaioue UUeBtia& Furthernmre, t&erepeeenQatiae of Israel tnldtheCounci1 that the occupying foroeswere mder instructions to fireat the feet of the students. How then doe8 heaocmmtfor the fetal wound8 to thehead md&eatof thedeceaeed and whet &f8ncQlQ8~ srtudents to various prts of their bodies other than their feet? One cannot but conclude that pethape exc?esetve force was used to clmp down on i&at we8 tantammt to an annoying but peaaef1.11 ventilation of a political VkWpOint. It ie quite clear that the feraeli wthotitiee, true to oharacter, sought ConfKmfatim on tbie unhw OocaSim em a reminder in or&% forcibly to maintain ccm~iance with its dictatee in that part of Jerusalem. Vi&red 8100 against the badrground of other event6 in the occupied territoriee, including Jerusalem, are is eerily convinced that the Israeli OCCUpYicSq autbaitiee unfortunately gut greater faith in the violent puniehment of their etijecte aen in the explaation of peaceful avenues for peace. This ie indeed regrettable &I it almo baa sec~oue oonnotatiare in international law. Acoumubted Israeli aotione of inbimri~inete killings, abdrction, administrative arretst and hereesaant of the Arab pprlatiar of Jerusalem and other oecugied turitorim violate the spirit 6nd term6 of the 1949 Genewa CommntiOn relatioe to the Protectiar of Ciwilian Peroar in Time of Wet. Ierael is -0bliwted by law to fulfil the term of thi8 intrnetional Conoantiar with regard to it6 responsibilities to the Pelemtinien pprhtiar tn the ereae under its 0cmaQation. This oery Cowwil hae in the pact fornd ferael in breauh of the Convention and hae held it to abligatiaw under the Cawentiar. The Counoil theretire muet uaaquiwoarrlly caMem t&at hao beams Ierael ‘8 hebi twl breech of the term3 Of intt3rMtiaMl law and mek inmdiatb reatificatian of mat country~e practices in reepect of tie captive pbpulatian in the OCCUQied turftaies. My delegatiar ie particularly exerdoed by the current eituatiasr because escalating tensione in Juueelem, We Weat B8nk ad Gaza Strip ace symptomatic Of the permnent state of violence afflicting the regicn teaulting from Me brutal suppression of Palestinian national rights by the occupying Pwer, Ierael. Each cmfrartatiar. Each act of inju8tice immkee vengeful retribution. Escb bullet fired sam the eeed of international amftmtatitm in the atea. In the cartext of the deteriacating cituatiou in the Middle East de a whole, the ev4ntB in Jerusalem and the occupied territories must alert the Counclil to awume it6 proper role in facilitating proved international arr augementa to addew amprebenaively the questicm of peso8 in the Middle East whi& has at its cace a just settlement of the Paleetiniau queatiar. For I fear that the in-a&able corWnatian of forcee prevailing in ale regico and the drift towards ccofraatation may ~lce more leave the Council ae a well-inteotianed bystander after the fact. The lo#cal questim in the pesent ciccumsbnce iet what cm the Security Council do to faailitate the early return to security and political namalcy? My delegatim beliwes mat the Council must maae a quick and cbjective aasesenutnt of me present violent carflict and proceed to the adoption of a resol.ution which Would unequivmUy eon&mn the unneuwsary ehmting of Pelaetiniam3 by the ocmpyhg Rawer, repueat the release of all those detained in ordu to defuse teneian, call 8ar respect by Ierael of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949, ite witbdcawal from all parts of the occupied tecritaiee, and respect fa the ~tsrrrcrtiaml dmrauter of Jerusalem. I hope ale0 that tue Counci.1 will act in cametrt in order to bsing ito colleotive autbaity to bear an the volatile rrituatiar prwailing in the occupied territories. In thie regard, let fm state for me consideration of the Couucil mat it vould be infinitely more appropriate to adopt su& en ilaperfect reeolutim man to Bo nothing and thetefae indirectly cardme the steady deteriaa’:ion in the occupied territotiee with its aire consequences for international peace and My aelegati00 amsi&re it important to address a specific appeal to the many friend8 and allies of Israel, both in this Council and outeide it, to abandon the unhelpful posture of seeking unilateral arrangementi outside the Council whi& have had the efbat of boletering Israel in its3 petnieioue disregard of Palestinian national righa. After all, Iaraeli*e poliay fnrer the yeare of resating to milateral military bravado has not &~~o&csd the atso@ghere of peace and eeoutity whict, ace the sine qu8 nan for qood-nei*bourlineee and the eettlarant of the ~~aict gen6raUy in the wbrwdi-. Tha le8eam of reoent hietory nw more tban ever vslideti the aall fix camerted internetiarsl aotiar urder the auspices of the mited Rations to achieve a aoagraenaive eettlerrent of the Middle met crieie without pteaonditione. I hop What repraamtativee a& the Council cm reiegmd gasitively ad urgently in this ca8e. The PlUSID- I thank the repeeantative of Ghana for hi8 kind votdm addreread to ma* Mr. de ltBloIlLlyIU (Prana) (interpetstiar from Fcen&)a what a ptemure it i6, Mr. Prwident, to eee you grwiding wer the Security Counoil, and chat can we say, after wbt oUmre bave said? A general, a diplmat, a man of governmnt, a friend of D&, speaking smmn languagee - and I shall not mepare it with w ovn Frenndr rhar I even Doubt y am gcamar emtimes - a fried of Prancea I can a11y e%pwa Ry delO$atim’a gCatificatiOn at seeing lpu pasiding wer me maurity Cow&l with your well-kncm talemntrr. I sbuld ale0 like to reualland since sic Jchn is not here, I &ould like to ask his alternate tn be kind enough to say - that ve admired hi8 diplomatic Weli&t8 and the adviae wbid, he laviehed on UB, the s&hle~ which he shared in pesidinq wet Me Comcil for the last mnth. I hope this will be conveyed to him. WI Ub your permission, new I ehould like to cetllrn to the very eeriaus subject f&Ld~ we have to deal with. Pa manyueeksnou8 tensionhas been romting cmceagain in Jerusalem and dn tb0 ibat Bank and particularly around the Urivereity of Bit ait. This beiqhtened tenoion was bi~lighted on 4 mcorber 1986 by Otegic davelopmentst two students aged 22 were shot&ad by an Israeli military detadtmttt while the University had been alarred doun fa three days. Q~cthermro, last Qridrry, a youth of 14 pats was killed at about noon, shot desd by an Israeli ptrol in the refugee csp of Blllat(L, near Psablus. According to the apkessm far the Pacaeli sew, the patrol was attadtedvith stonee. Qinally, we learned thet thi8 oery marning, in tit0 same cmpI a young boy of 12 yearawas shotthrou* ChoRead ini&ntia1 oircwstcmoee. TheQranobGaeem8emthao publiolye~peseedita graveuancernat these bloody Wmt.. It deptaea tbe esoalatiar of acU of violence and repressicm. It would raoall @atitir Uteduty of theta8eliarlhaitiw to raspeat tb FourthGeneva Canvattiat of 12 Augmt 1949 on Ye Qroteothn of Civilian Qarsone in Tilae of war. mdless tosay, tbmeacts of violence drawattention to the urgent need to , being about a ooqreheneive psaes eettlement in the ti&le met which ie both lasting end j-t. The FRlBlDmVQt I tbmk Utr repesenntative of Qr8noe Qr his s~tenmt aad far his sxcltssive and kind wads ad&eased to me extend to your sir,‘our rincere congratulations on ylour assumption of the gresidemy of thr Swurity Council for tb amth of maember. Aware as we are of your veil-known political and diploartic experience, I an conoinaad that under yaur leadership the swurity Council will discharge the heavy responsibilities that it face6 this month. I should also like to pay a tribute to the Permanent Representatiwe of the United itingdoa, Sir John Thowon, for hio co-tent and effaotive guidmce of the Council during the unth of #owe&w. ‘Fhg People@0 Republic of Bulgatie fully ehater the profound oonuern of th international wmunity on the continuing deterioration of the situation in the Middle Bart where ewery single inoident can 1oed to the gravest and aost uncontrollable cemeauencel), even to the outbreak of a further bloody confrcntaticn. Thio very dangerous turn of eventa rasently in that part of th world, om of the most &ngerous hotbeds of tension over the p8ot 40 yoarsr rtacuire8 this uorld Organisation to take urgent ad effective mamr86 to bring about tRe establishment of a just and lrating peace in the uiddle Bast. My delegation rocordhgly eupporta Zbbabwe*m raquert, on behalf of tbe Non-Aligned Movement, for the Councilgo ieiate consideration of the situation in the 18r8eli-OWUpiOd Palemtinian an4 othmr Arab territOries, including JeruMlea. As the raorld know8 full -11, Israel’8 polioiea, and praotioes of repression in the Ocuupied Arab terrritorieo have li0re t)un OMO ken the aubjsct of consideration and conUenneticn by the international am-amity, an well aa by the Seouritgr Council, a8 demawtrated by tke numreue resolutions on thie eubject. EWwever, Israel continues to trample underfoot the legitimate rights of the Arab pecple Of Palestine. Thle is n8de clear by the new8 emmating daily from that part of the vald tit alarming casw of arbitrary action; mass arrestsg cloeure of Miveesitiea, 8ch0ol8 and roads; punitive actions and air rai& againat &vilbn targets or Palestinian refugee camp, resulting in a growing nuaOer of casualtiee. ~rthermre, attempts are &ill being olade to effect illegal &ages in the legal statue, thedea~ogra@icetructure cdRistarioal&aracterof Prlestinianandother occupied territories, including Jerusalem. Those territnr iea have been subjecti in particular to acampaignofexpansian md ma&w aolaaizaeion an an unprecedented wale. Againet that background, the internaticmal uomunfty has expesred deep indiqtatfan in amdeming the latest incidents at Bir Zeit Ulivereity and the resulting bloodshed in vhich tvo etu&nte vere killed anddosene wunded. mepecioua arguments abartaafeguardingeecurfty and the fightagafnet kerraiom, nodePQOogiodaclaration onI8rael'e eo-celledgeaoe~linten~ane,and its alleged d-ire toimgrwe (he living etadarde of the inhabitanteof the Ocaupied Arab tuzriboriss, can serve to ju8tiq eudr acts by the State of Ierael. The m~~&er~of the mite8 cZationob~e,by an aver~belming aajority,quiteoleuly and unanbiguously dealaced on many oceasians that suds kresponeible acts by Iuael are in fhgrmtccntcarliiotionvith the prrrposes and principlesof the thited RstiaamChafter, the elewntary rules of tnternatianal law, the erdeting international conventions, and in Particular the Fourth Geneva Conventian relative tp the Ptotectian of CiVUian Per eat8 in Tisre of war. Such aam aleo inureaxe tension in Pheregiar andconstitute aeeriousabstacle to Yheattsinmentof a ju8t and lasting peeoe in the Middle Best. That view was reaffirared awe again most vl.gorously in the recent diecumion in the General AsaealDby of the question of Palatine and the situaticm in the Middle Bet. The vast majori~ of the State0 Ha&era of the mited tutions are at me in believing that it ia hi@ tine for Israel to yield to the will of the inteenatianal mammity and t0 implement tie edwant SbcUeity Council essoluti0n6, which so far it hss tskai ugmn itself to igraa with impurity. The e¶svelopPento in the MLddle East and the debates of the psst few days alearly baa~steate the importance m3 urgtmoy of finally atriving at a Oogtahensive solutiar t0 the pmblem of the Middle Bsst Mat will put sn end, once an& for all, t0 the suffering of the sorely tried Arab populatia,, in gartiaular the Palestinian Msbs. The solution mmt be base8 abave all On IseadV3 aoPplete md mmzMiti4nal withQaua1 few all Aeclb teeritaies oeuugled since 1967 MB tbe irapl.ronUtiiar of the inalienable ei*hte of tie Palestinian peto@e, including the right to its Own Palmtinian Statu. The PQJple’s Rpublia of Bulgaria is amvincsd that suah a argrehensive 8ettleuht of all the oarpliarted and interrettad poblepe of the Middle East, that takoe inBo account the interests of all Statee of the t&m, will am elktat mly t&eough an inteenatiaral cmferrrce with the partiaigstion Q) an equal footing Of all tiebe intetssted psetiss, including the Palesttne Libarratim Oeganisatian (ou)), id acaadanaa with Me relevant mite8 mtions resolutions and Qcisions. Poe that Mao to be~~fm a reality - an i&a whidt the majority of States hwe uelcomd - a peparatay wmittee within the 6ecurity Council should be set up inrpsdiately, with the gsrtioipatia. of its perrrvrnent nm*ee6, and enteueted with the pepaeatia, of that canfereme. The PR88ZDkNT; I thank the repeesentbtive of Bulgaria fbt the kind tforbe ne a88xessed to me Mr. BIKCH (United Ktngdom): Pirst, I ahoultl Uke to oongrewiaiee you, Bit, on your at3fmupticm of @a! pesldency of me Security Corrrcil far tbie mcnth. You hwe already ehavn mat you will conduct out affairs wfm yuut custmas.cy ekill md l xyrdi tim. I uouldnotwmttoa&Y to the tcibuta pridby theeopcwentative OD POUWO, 8-N to m&y that it bging8 my daloqrtkn & awdal p2weure to note Umt the fomd~tionof y4uc 8killouas l&id during your e8uomtion in Bhglmd. I rbould818olikoto thnk the. coll*pgu~uhoh~a88idvaykindwotdo about Sir J&n Thomai foe Rim car&at of the soaurity Council laatmcnth. Theviolanaa andtanri~ofmomtdaysin UstJ0~u8alm,Bit ~itandother put8 of the occupied tetritaies are a mttu of gcxve gmaecn tory Gowrrnxent. Tha killing of a Jwirh rtu&nt in the Old City of Jerumlea QI l.5 Nowxbec was d8plarblm. So, tao, h8ve been the l ativitiem cxrgied out by Jwiah extremists l +inmttha I&slam pogulatiar of the OldCity,both b&or. and aftrr that inaidart. Thao activitir cantinurd dupita appeals by the authcxitlee for calm. Tbo rpSr&l of.violanco thum uutad hr lad inwiUbly to we daatb8, injutiee and distubmcw, end bu rpoemd to othr parto of tie ocaupied tUritUi-. WI, tandem ~e~~ucae to violenoa by *atever side nd POE whatwec mtive~. B have heard with concern reporta of the ~8s of l ncm88iv* forol by the authaitiu of Israel, the occupying Power, including the uao of live ammition againat urumd protesters. We recall that, in o\lt vieu and that of the Gacucity Council am a !&hole, the part of Jcusalos occupied by Iuael sinca 1967, like the reminder of the Wst Bank and the Gaza strip, am8titubs ocmpied territory ts whi& the ptwisions of the Geneva Conventim relative to the Protection of Civilian maron in Time of War are applicable. The peravrnemt repreeemtetive of Irrael raid that he could not sum a more benign military administration in history. hty Gcuunment ir oppaoed to the Continuance of Israeli military OccuLgticm, but an long aa that nllitary oocuption cmtinue8, and in tire crboawe of a political settlement it is incuabent upok the Israeli Oovernmnt to enmuce that its adminiotratiar ir indaed aa beni* as claimed. The killing by the security facee of two studmta of Blr 2ei t M iv4xcsity on 4 Docarpbw and that of a yomg boy at Nmblus em 5 Decasber 8-m to have barn an overreaction and ace greatly to be regretted. This mdelinea the need fa *he qreawit restraint by the security forcau if the earious situatian is not to be made even waae. The arly ones to benefit from a waarring of the preeef~t teme atwspnere cm tne Mat Bank would be the extremimtB on both r~idas. The RUSlDBNT: I thank the representative of the Mitud Kingdom for hir kind words about uhatevor qualities I may have that he attributed to rm. The next spe&ker is the representative of IQael. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to wke his statement. Hr. tU3TAWAI4l (Irrael): It 18 useful to rok the plrpse of tbie debah. If the pupae is the discussion of the rwtaation of civil orBor, oz the lllephod by whidx civil order can be restired, that is one possible agenda. me should then coneider t&ether it is appropriate for tiis Council. I think that the fair-nfnded cmmtrie~ represented at this table uould consider that that, potintially, is the arly subject foe discussion here today. HGIwQce even un&r .tirat nmre rigorous agenda item, there is no place to diacuso it, simply beceWe we me dealing here with a definite prwocaticm, d oysb~tic prwosatim, to which the Government has teaoted. we are dealing with a situation that the Gouernmat io t to pacify aa bast it can and to g%t calm and order reabxed. It is vary c the convening of this aeteting is intmdsd toa&ieve tbeexectoppcmits. I shall not beZaboW thie pint, because it vGuld indeed be pmoible to sit hare and to recount all the goty incidents and bloody wars that are taking place at this vary momnt not wery far from us in Israel , but that are not brouwt to this table. Yet I must oay timt, even urder the narrow age&a of the restaation of civil order, there ie no place for this topic at this meeting. However, that is not the purve of this meting, becsrrse three uho asked that it be convened have a broader ageda. It ie e political, propsgandietic agenda that comiots esaantially to haul Irrael in, put it befoce a makeshift tribunal and eubject it to political attacks, ostensibly ah the questions of Jut&m, Sarmria, the so-called west BanK, but really oh the tiole legi timcy of Irrzael $81 exietence. I do not think Wat is the wish of the fair-minded countries, but it is very cleap from the directlou the d&cite ia going that that is the tndemlying purpuee behind it. forced to make a feu elemmtuy pointa TM most elementUy Of thCUe points is that the remat we have a pcobla in the first plaa is because the hostility of thae in the Arab world Jlo reject Israel began befola there was a Sl;ate of Israel. They attad<ed the right of the Jews to their .own hoxeland before thare was 8 Sfate of Israel. They lambed an attaok on us in 1948. In the so-called West Bank, they destroyed the Jewieh ammmities Wmt had lived there since the time of Abt&mx snd David MB the Bible MB the thotmnd-year history after the Bible and the thOUS~a~~8t htstiory after th8t - the 3000 years of Jewish oontinutty in the Jewish boxeland in cormaunittes like mthlebex, Hebrm, tie old Jewish quarter in Jerusalem destroyed by those who opposed any sart of Jewish existenoe, any sort of Jewish indepmdenoe. That was the 1948 attack. It did not WQk. Thus our first cc ime: we eurvived. Then cam the eemna great attempt in 1967. Th8t atteL%pt was laundred from the territories oacupied - and I me that word, fa it applies - by the Jordanians to attcrdc Israel. That did not viark either, and, as a result of Mat attadt, thme territaiw used fot the promed secasd enr!ihi&tion of Israel Canoe under Israeli oontro1. Iueel and the Jsviah pople tetutned to the places from which they haa been kidred out by the Arab occupmts during the cmly @art of theiC histay there, namely, the 19 years of rule under Jadiin. That is the eecona cc ime. Now we ue asked by the people who used tiase territories - and by the ~altJ3ttine Liberstiar Organization (Rx)) specifically, whi& was 8et up in 1964 befae the Six-my war, befae ttm3e territories revettea to Israeli cciutrol - to vacate these territorieih so that they may annihilate us once again. that map that sham *all of Palestine” - all of mdatoty Palestine, including Jocdn. &nt rignt now they ere cancmteating cn the 20 pet cent of it that is xsrael, and thay wish, a8 they did in 1964 whsn the tar ritory wao in Arab hands, to umibibte tRe Jawish Stat& Thi8 ie &at we u’e talking &tout. Ue cbvio~ly dc not intend to be annihilated, and we alao would 1iKe to have the opportunity to settle politically the status of tha~o disputed territories. I bave heard voiad aromd this tsblo the extraordinary notian that any military adniniatration is negative feom the etaet. an that basic, me could take the l mlqje of l?Ui tirWY, tubi& fitet of all used ito tettitmy to attads other ~ou)tXiQ, v48 occupied by the Allioe fa a wd period of time in rihat I would think we& by any conQemu#, a benig milihry admhietcstiar, and aolpe of whose territaiem were tben returned to their forms owneua aile other reverted to Cbrlun oontcol 8ftet a pirriod of administration. There was, h-war, a militery 8dainisteatiCn by the Allleo in that courtey that launched on aggressive war. Jadnn, supported by the mr), laun&ed an aggressive war again& the Jewish SUW, not with the Ltmtion of comumt, but with the intention of ennihilaticm, at lmt a~ IBe met of the PI&L That failed. & we are awaiting the day when our imediate neighbour to the east, in particular, will ohange it8 objectiwe. Until that day coma, we have not acted unilaterally: we await a political eettlerwnt in direct negotiations with our neighbours. Until that tiae, wa - just like others on other occaeiooc in history - have to &%nlniater that tetritmy. We administer it, true, with a military adminiatrati0n, txnt we hawe gone well beyond the normal provisicna of military government. We hawe asoured freedom of &ceSS, free&m of religion, freedom of movement, academic f car&m. we have opened uniweraitieo, whioh did not exist before. we have opened bank& we hawe iqgroved the living standards in a way beyond ccmqarison with any other administration in history. We are asked, hou we am talk about the munificenos of Ietaeli occupation. That is not what I a~ talking abut. Nob&y 161 ouggeeting that this particular Arab minority wants to liwe unUer Israeli sovereignty or Ieraeli rule. This is xamthing thet hao to b negotiated. I would say thieo if any minority here did not want to live under the amjority that runs its hoet countryI if thfo rule r)bre aacepted around thio table, there would be civil war and worse, irtedentiam of the worst kind, in at lemt half the countries represent@3 in the United Nations. That is not the point. The point io that while we are awaitinca politioal settlement, we try to inetitute the mot tolerant, the wet humano rule that io poaoihle. The intereating question ia, while people ace SSying thinge around thie table, what do the people on the ground say? There io a very useful indicator to what people really think. It ia not what they oay, it is what they do, and it ie what they do 4th their feet. One million CtOSahg6, §OO,OOO in each dime&ion, have @If. NBeanyaht.i, frrael) been regbtuod ouu the Allenby Bridge urd 0th~ bridgeaslang theJotdan. If me Situ8tiOn m~e~0krribleane&8~ib~h~e, why would theue pso#e loeepa&ng back with tbeit fmiliu, not tmly to the territafe~ - Ju4ea, samaria, the ro-calledW*tBmr - but to vimit Iuael? They corn fromJaban, Smu4i Arabia, hmdredrof tbouaa48of touriatm. They oom to take their aunmet vacatian, to do businam, to go to univuoity. Thio I8 the re8liLyi tiis ia what we are trying to Q. But YQ *till are hoed with a moat serPoua p&lam, and that is the refusal of our neighbouzo to *e east to nogatiab with W. Mdwo uoetLll faasd with the fntentfm of UIe PUI and otn~6 to annihilate furel. I hear4 it acrid huo that the PtDhad bad an intelleatual ad hietaierrl eoccnoilietion - with Iusel, it wee oaid, an8 then I think it um aorrect~6: v&b, with the JWIL" I euppoeo that wana PReyhavo allarreb aa60 Jews ban in or Jlo Q~YBQ to Palestine, like ma3t Acabbs, befor. l917 W otsy there. By the time we have the n~tiaticmo there will be about three left. taybo it: twane the ttkb of rocareil,ietim with the Jwieh pmpletbst~ tagiotocod in calen&rrsu~ a8 theannual aalmbrr thatthe mpublimed,*ic3celebcats4 the mid, mamacro und me HsWotmamaacre. Thareh~btBen nosuch reUMMilktiC#B, I am 8fcaib. Thereha been a otets4 policy, on the put of the PII) since its inoaptim of engaging in terra and terror taatk8 to~@mkoowar to lea4 to the annilihhetimof Israel. If that war a4 that mtzatagy require first that Israel be ta&a34 to the indeteneible 1967 boubdariw, 80 b8 it. If Wet strategy requires, further, thatdiplomcy be s&p-4 a0 a eamplemntary meana tcb terrocim, &IO be it as well. What ~8 are wi~woing hae ie, in fact, a dual. stra@gy. The dual etrstegy efmentially gets like this. You fight with terrar; you attick Jewe relmtles8ly, ?eWCaelessly, anywheze in the world km4 especially in the Etl&‘.e Emt; and you amo to the intecnaticnal fccuu ad wave a bogus olive &an& You try to gat Iuael inba a pDlitica1 box, if you will, Wing diplomaay ti extract from it what you cannot acWwe m the gromd , to extract from it, in fact, a tetrrn to indefensible bomdariee EO that you can &lives the coup de grace. Thir 18 not a new 8ptcm$ it was used earlier in the catucy by the mantar of the PLO. The Wfti had a olace as8ociatim with Iitlu, and I think that aside frm the terror bctice end the virulent hatmd of Jews they pidced up mother idea. That idea wm Umt you could couple diplmacy with wet. It ia a very effective mew, a very effective aolbinati0fL T&et ie the whale i&a of the intsrnatiaral peaoa conferrnoo, bocmme the PLO hae not dmnged ite objective me iota. The objective of an intanatiaml peace mnfmmoe, orqrported by the PLO, called for by the Pm, celled for by the UJces of 8pi8, shich repeetedly reiterstes it0 intenticn to fig&t Zereel to the finieh, to annihilate fegael, i8 not pea-. What they seek la not emsnoiliatior. what they l eait la a laiqex Mmich maasaae , snd WI8 is something we will not lend our hand -. So, we have a fertsring problem. We have a refusal by our nei*bourre ta mqotiete in good faith, to enta into direct negotiation& we have at me 8-e time the prwocaticm of terra and riote, tie stteapt: to drag Zuael into a larger war with it# neiqhbouce, md the attempt by ucxmtriee Umt & not have Zuael@e *O&ill 0y for that mettet the g-ill of peato exe9 t internstime pressure and actlestrate a faua to 3rich leroel would be brought end hanged, dram and quartered - end after r unfair trial to Wt. Thiu is soothing that the United Nations, the General Aasenbly an8 certainly the Secueity CZouncih *ould not aoqui8uce in. If the draft rcsoluticn that ue have eoen is indeed adopted by the Sexurity Council, it will carfirm our judgement that the S3curity Council is alloving itself to be aLweed in the w0tSt pxssible way. Libemtiar Organkatian, on &cm I now call. Mr. TbM31 (SUestine Liberatim OrgmnkatiWr ArJain I might pose the 88me quemticm and ask aat we are dieouesing here. While we deliberate, aa Wntimed earlier by the representative of Brana, a l2-year-old bay, luwdm lcobaewd zeitm, bee been shot &Ml tibia afternc?ah. Pour othas were wola&d, mm et thea aeriouely, when the Iuaeli oocupatian forcem open@d fire on the refugeee in the toalata mfugee C8np. tit we ue dimcw8ing ia not whetheir -a not Iarm& will tampact the ~twrth Geneva Cawenticm, but bow and who will imdert&e to l muce rerrpsct fa mat Conventian. Thi8 is the ifmuc, with which tie -mcil i8 bad. I do not want to ram11 all that hea happened in the laet four days. we have all read rboUt it in the pew and wataed it ab televieian. We have iMxSied JwiaR and Arab etu&nta in tbe unioeraity togopbar poteating &t and m&mning the face used in the &on-fist @icy of the oawpying Powap. But chat nae happened today? In Jerusalem, for emwe, tn the girl@8 sdmol of AL HalaaPirObk md Bnr-a14wlad Israeli troop threw gam oari8tcso an l tudanto do were *ot\lstbg at the oiolena u8ed by the occuwing oarer and at the aerut of ea?m of their aollwguea, seven boys an6 five girl0 frm the sdwol. In the Al-Sawahra .areac just eset of Jefuealem and in tl. old city of Jerurala fuseli oocugatian Mrces uarfronted with the icua fiat and with face demonstrcrtao who were expreaeing their tejeatim of the prpekuaticm of oacupaticn. Tim Israeli umy of oacuptiar has besieged ttre follwing r 001s today: the RaPlaUeh Saiamdary &hoot, the Azii Shahetm Girl8 School , the sdmol in the refugee cwp of Al-lb’ui, the Birch &z&801, ad in t&e Ilr’ari caap thca forces of the Israel asmy have caidei¶ the school in %elfdefence~. In theJelszcm refugeecenp again the Israeli amy, that co-called benign army , ha8 sealed We enteances to the refugee canp. In Nabluaagain the army ham emfranted the ikmonstrata8 aho were venting their rejactim of the pcacticeo of the itar policy, and by 9 o%lock loom1 time this morning the uay had arrw,ted 22 yourg pople at Nablus. In the Balat8 refugee camp the atw imposed a curfew, but of course the people there had oepacred and challenged that curfew, md walked aut in a &monstratilm, using stones again e to cmfrmt the Israeli array of oocuptiaa. In GaZa again the burial of the martyr ti, was killed in the Bit Reit turned into a demoiasuatiar. Oe course the umy was there too* fire in Uleair and ga8 canisters were thravn. And wha the aMUancee came to carry away three who were injured, the mnystoppd the 8rbul8ncee froataking them tohcspitals. In Me Arab refugee cam neaE fkbtm, aa ~011 aa in Bmthlehcn, 8 imilar cmfrartations with the arDiy of occuptton have take plaice. In llebron itself the Polyte&nic School -8 8100 the Uaone of the mm confronbthm b&worn the arey of occupatitm ad the etudents, rtro were also venting their oppaeiticm to the pamanence of occugatia,. In the Al-Rhadac village near Bethlehem the eettlers joined tbgether with the farces of occupatiarr ad ettadted both the boyma odmol and the girls* 5dmol of the villago. NDW all tbme oa3irrencea, attacks, cchee - call them ti*retw.eE yqq w&eh - only go to show the polarged occupation neaesserily engenders tesistence. Then, the real issue is oocupatian end the polaqetd aceup tic& And I must tell you that we PalQstiniano will remain there like sitting duds. Se shall resist. Unfortunately, our wagons ate no mre than a Mme, an empty bottle, 8 hcmenkwk! bottle-explosive # Llem3 times a 8agger. art we will not eimply sit there and be killed. A lot has bean said &out this ~~nti’y, my CCNUI~C~, vhme 1 -8 bmn and raked. and where I am denied the ci#t to be in my own home, arc0 50 8re millione of Palestinians. Wlat is the solutiar? 13rt in the nean&ile, *at are the respcmsibilities of the occupying Pwet? Naturally, in 1949 the internatimal amnunity developed 8m Bert Of medraniem that would gwern the b&aviour of occupying troop6 and occupying pwer 8. That is what we USUSlly refer to a8 the E+cmth Geneva Ccmventian. of! course on the questian of Jtuusalm, as we said , a yeshiva student was stabbed to death. But was he just stabbed, or was that the result of oontinuous prwocatians by the students in mat yeshiva s&o01 , as admitted by the chief of Israeli golioe? Then, in the final anslysis, who is responsible? According to article 29 of the Geneva Convention: “The patty to the conflict in whme bade protected pareare may be res-risible fox the treatment accorded to them by its agent8 irrespaotive of any indivi&al responsibility whia may be incurred.a The ocaupying Pawar had failed - and I woul& go beywd that snd say that the occupying Pwer pteprecl the atmosphere and the adAanca for these pwoczatiars, became had Bat occupying Power oespcbad the pwisions of the Pburth Gsnsva Cmvsnti~l, we wuuld not have that yeshiva sdmol in the whole city but simply became the violation starfd there, that was the inevitable result of the violation. so it is a chain and not a cycle. And the chain started with the occupation itself . W? are being told all the time that we should have a peaceful and puliti~l solutim. But I ask: why did the Palatine Liberation Otganizaticm co@e to the United Nations in 1974 in the first place? War it not very clear from the etateamt rpsde by the Chairman of the Executive Committee, Yasaar Arafat, *en he aaid-. I corn with an olive branch. Of course he had to maintain the madine gun a8 well of ehe freedom fighter. ait the olive bran& wae rejected. By&mm? By those who still occupy and violate the basic rights of our people. Again on 1 October 1977, when the Ilnited States and the Swiet lRion had a joint commniqurd about the peace efforts - I should like to have it very clearly an record that the only party to the conflict in the Riddle East that welmd that was the Palet5tine Liberation Otganization - and I vould undetlioe “the only pawm. krd vmat did that joint ccmmuniqu~ aay? It said that the UIitsB State!3 and the Soviet uniar “believe that within the framwor k of a coW5hensive settle-t of the uiadle East prabIe15, all specific questiona of “Jle eettlemnt should be teaolved, including such key issues @s withdrawal of Israeli armd forces from tertitaries occupied eime the 1967 conflict, me resolution of the Paleetinian que5tiQ), including eneucing the legitimate right5 of the Palectinian people, termination of the state of war , md the estdJlisbnmt of norm1 peaceful cel%ticM on the basis of mutual recmgnitim of the principles of awereignty, teal taiat integrity end poli tic51 independence*. That commiqUe goes on to say: “The United States and the Soviet Union believe thak the only right and effective way for ahieving a fmammntai solution to all a5pecto of the Middle Ee5t pvcblm in it5 entirety is negotiation5 within the fram?work of the Geneva Peace Conference, specially convened for theee purpmes, with the participation in its war k of the representatives of all the parties involved in the carflict , including tnoee of the Palestinian paople, end legal and OmtrscWal formalizatfon of the decisions reached at the Carference.m That was cm 1 October in 1977, 5 call for a peace conference, at which all the p5rtie5, including the representatives of the Palestinian People, would sit tigetker and considez a peace effort. The Palestine Liberation Orgimiaation welmmed tnat call, because the representative of the Palestiniatl people is the l?aJ.estina Liberation Organfzatim. mat is how we sit here, and that is why we sit here. That is rhat Paleatiuians say. All these demonstrations, all the activity and all the refarendums that (LI:e undertaken in the occupied Palestinian territory say it without any atiiquity: the PU) is Me Palestinians0 sole aud legitimate representative. It may be that some people do not like the PM, but if it is the wish of the Palestinian people that the PLO represent them at least the internaticmal a.?munity should shaw resmct. And the international commmity has shown respect , al though it rpay be that some hsve not done 80, for the will of the Palestinian people. Perhaps that is another reason why the wsr cmtinues, because 8ome people refuse to respect the will of the Palestinian People, the principal party to the conflict. Again, Sic, in 1983 we wefe aumg the f trst to suppcct the call for the convening of an international peaoe conference , and that is why we are sitting Qodsy in the Counctl Chadet. It may be, Sir, that udler your presidency we can etart the gcocess, but that process hats been obstructed. Moreover, with no aubiquity wolatsower, the Palestine Liberatfar Otgsnieatian, thrargh a statement and a message by iti Chairnnn. Yaseer Arafat, has said - and this has been conveyed to the Gcwetnment of the ulited StatL’: - *In vi&~ of out genuine desire for peace we are ready TV negotiate, within the cartext of au internatiaral conference, with the participation of the permanent members of the Security Council and with the participeticm of all ccnc~ned Arab partiee end the Israeli Gmerumnt, a peaceful settlement of the Palestinian problem on the basis of the gertinmt united t&time resolutions, including security Council resolutions 242 (1967) and 338 (1973) an8 the first step to that would be an affirmaticm by the fJnibd Staba of Pale3tinian self-determination.* That offer by the Palestine Liberation Qtganlxatfcm haa been ze-jeeted. To US peace 8eerna to be in the offing and in the Wing. Thus we wish to state very clearly here that while we are discuesing all these is~uee, and while we ace deliberating whether we like arewosd here or cne word there, more people ace being killed because of the violatiopr by the occupying Fwer of ita abligatiars under the ~urthCenwaConventiar. Other such fncidents may be hapming all around the world - and we do not deny that they do happen - but this is the only case where l&e behaviour of the occupying Power is gwerned by a cohventfoh known as the EbUrth GenevaCaWmncion, and we trust that this Council will ensure respect for that Conven ticm. The PRESSOR4Tr There ace no further speakers inslcr ibed on ny list and there has been no &aft resolutia, as such presented, to my knowledge. The next meeting of the Security Council will, in the l&ght of the discussions going on, be comrnmioatsd to pSeRi36SSby the Gecretarist. Mr. GAYAMA (Cwgol (interpreation from French): My delegation, Sir, would have liked to have had more normal canditione in which to offer you Our wngratulatians. I should eimply like, on behalf af the non-aligned group of the Security Council, to suggest mat since we no lmger hsve any speakers - as you have just @aid - and since it aoems that, given the rate at whi& umeultaticms are pcoceedinq, the Council is almcst reedy to take a &cision, theCouncil could meet at the latest to=raJ morning to take a decisiar on the draft tesolutiar, rather t.ban holding up the work of the Council c+sny longer. The PRxcBfDEW: Carsultatiars are still under way and WQ will mnai.gnicate the time cf the next meeting through the Ijecretnt: iat as soon as we have arrived at it.