S/PV.2928 Security Council

There were 15 Votes in favour. The draft resolution ha3 therefore been adopted unanimously a8 resolution 657 (1990). I shall now call on those embers of the Council who wish to make statements following the voting. first time I have spoken at a formal meeting this month, I wish first of aLL to congratulate you, Sic, on your asoumption of the QresidenCy. We are anvinced that your enormous talents as an experienced diplomatwill ensure the suocess of our EM r . Fortier, Canada) I also wish bo take this opportunity to thark our colleaglre, Ambassador Tornodd of Finland, for the exceptional mnnec in tiich he presided over our deliberation during the very busy month of YeY. OnCe again Canada voted in favour of the further extension of the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keepinq Force in Cypcus (UNFfCYP) because We tetWLl& convinced that UNFfC!YP continues to play a vital role in helpinq to create the necessary conditions for: a negotiated settlement to the Cyprus problem. OUC oomi,tlWnt to UNFKYP is further underscored by out decision to tantinue the deployment of Canadian troops as part of the FocCe. In its dual capacity as a troop-contributor of long standing to UNFICYP and as a member of the Security Council, however, we are very concerned about the continuing precarious state of UNFICYPgs finances. UNNFSCYP is the only United Nations peace-keeping operation that is financed from voluntary contributions. These voluntary contributions ace consistently insufficient to ntzet the United Nations portion of the cost of the Force. AS a result, the ttoop-contcibutins nations, incltiing Canada, have been obliged to carry an inordinately heavy share of tha cost of the Force. As the Secretary-General rooted in his latest ceplttt on the United Nations operation in Cyprus, the deficit in the UNFICYP account now Stan& at more than 3179 million. Troop-contributing countries have therefore been reitiuesed for their exenses only up to December 1980 - which is almost a period of 10 years. This cleplocable situation cannot be allwed to amtinue indefinitely. As you know, Mr. President. Canada haa been working actively within the COUnC iL ~KJ chance the way that UWICYP is financed so that the United Nations portion of the msts is funded thcouqh assessed contributions. This would place UNFICYP cm the same financial footinq as all tie other United Nations peace-keeping operations. Mr. Fortitr, Canada) We wilL continos to work towards that goal in the months to come, with the bpe and expectation that the mmbers of the Council will agree to finance UNFXCYP through assessed contributions - hence by al.1 States Members of the United Nations. The PRESICDENT (interpretation from French) : L thank the representative of Canada for the kind words he addressed tc me. Hr. RICHARDSON (United Kingdom) : f would like ti begin by congratulating you warmly, Sir, on your assumption of tb presidency of the Security Council for this month and at the sang time to thank your predecessor, Anbasscldor Tornudd, on the way he handled our work in what turned out to be dn exceptionally busy month. I can be very brief. I do not intend to enter into the political aspects of the Cyprus question, on which ue await the Secretary-General’s further report on his mission of qood offices. My delegation has supported the extension of the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) for a further SiX ?nonths, but I must make clear that we fully sh4re the abncerns &ich have just ban expressed by the representative of Canada about thz qrowinq deterioration in the financial situation facing the Force. The statement made by our previous President on behalf of all of us around this table made it clear that peace-keepinq operations must he launched and maintained on a sound and secure financial banis. UNFICYP is in a difficult and anomalous financial position and this, I have to say, is qivinq rise to qrowing concern. We need urgent steps tn place the Force on a mire solid financial footing. we therefore support fully tg proposal that the Secretary-General has once again Faade in his report that the United Nations share of the f+)si of iiFiFiC!iP should b financti from assess& contributions* We believe there is no alternative to this long overdue change. It would not only help reduce the inordinately heavy burden an troop-contributing countries; m3r’e important, I think, it would ensure UNPScYP's future and its contribution ta W r . Richardson, Uni ted R ingdom) an eventual negotiated settlement and at the same time chmunstrate that this Council iS Serious &en it renews UNF1CYP.s mndate every six months. The problem is qrowing and it is not qoinq to 90 away. It is disappointinq that the Council has not yet been able to reach agreenrjnt even to consider this important step, but in the mean time e fully endorse the Secretary-General’s call on Member States to increase their voluntary contributions to UNFICYP and, it almost goes without sayinq, we warmly thank those that have already made such voluntary contributions. We hope that all Member States will respond with qenerosity to the SeCretary-Genetal~s appeal. ‘3~ PRESIDENT (interpretation from French) : I thank the representative of the United Kingdom for the kind words he addressed to me. Mr. TORNUDD (Finland) (interpretation from French): This is the first opportunity my deleqation has had to greet you, Sir, at 8 formal meetinq in your CafWity as President, and I hasten @ offer you my laDst sincere congratulations on the occasion of France% assumption of tba presidency of the Council. I?e are Wt?lf aware Of the burden of your responsibilities and WQ offer you our best wishes and assurance3 to co-operate closely with tha presidency in the COnStCUCtiW? accomplishment of our co-n bsks. Secondly, I take this omortunity to join in the worcls of welcorre addressed to ouc new colleague, the Permanent Representative of the People’s Republic of China, A~=mdor Li Daoyu, who has just taken his place at the Security Council table for As k3 Well known, my country, Finland, is among those rhich for years have provided psrfmnnel and resourceS to the united Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICIP). Tcqether with other troQpcontributing countries, we therefore -hare the ~onceerm arising out of the lmq-standing serious financial cctsis of the Wr.,Tornudd, Finland) United NatLons Force in Cyprus. This dtuetton is described in detail in th@ Secretary-General’s report (S/21340) and in his letter dated 31 Nay 1990. Toqether with the other troop-contributinq countries, Finland has dn many OCCASION drawn the Council’s attention to this regrettable situation. we believe thet it is absolutely necessary to alleviete the heavy burden carried at present by trW+-Contributinq countries by financinq the United Nations portion of the cost throuqh assessed contributions, 8s suqqested by the Secretary-General in his report. f also take this o~octunity to stress that the presidential statesent deted 30 May 1990 (S/21323) concerning the United Nation5 peace-keeping operations is, of Cout5e. fully applicable to the Force in Cyprus. We wish to note that Peace-kWpinq operations are bzmporery measures intended to facilitate the settlement of dieferences end conflicts and thet they should never be mnsidered 88 takinq the Piece of the ultiruate goal, a negotiated settlement at the earliest Possible date. In the @resent case, it is incumbent upon us once aqain to ask the leaders of the tm communities to redouble their efforts with 8 view to reaching a mutually acceptable settlement of the Cyprus problem. The PRESlUENT (interpretation f ram French) : P thank the representative of Finlad for the kind words he addressed to me. Mr. VORONTSOV (Union of Soviet SociaList Republics) (interpretation from Russian) : Sir, I welcorm your accession (32 the presidency of the Security Council and I feel sure that under your presi&ncy rye will be able, in the spirit of co-operation, to resolve any matters that are on the Council's aqendaa 1 should also like sincerely to thank the representative of Finland, who successfully discharged his work in dealinq with the difficult problems factnq the Council in May. I am very happy to welconr? the new representative of the People’s Republic of OiM to the !&Cur ity Council, Ambassador Li Daoyu. I feel sure that the Secuc itY Council has in him a stronq supporter of co-operation and collaboration among all the members of the Council. The position of the ~ov iet Union on the question of a Se ttlem3nt in Cyprus is well know to all. St is based upon our sincere desire to contribute Specif iCallY to brinq the situation out of chronic deadlock and to solve the long-standing moblams on the basis of resolutions adopted by the United Nations and takinq into aCCOUnt the leqitimate interests of the Cypriot people. Accordinqly, the SCW iet deleqation supported the draft resolution on extendinq the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keepinq Force in Cyprus (WFICYP) for the next period. The experience acquired SC) far in the settlement of confl.ict situations has shotin that for success we need the mlitical will of all the par ties involved in the conflict, realism, patience and flexibility. OIIIY in this way, on a reasonable and mutually aaxptable basis, can it be possible to find a sound and viable solution to the Cyprus problem. Let me recall that on 30 May the representative of Finland, as President of the council, spoke on behalf of us all when he made his stateme:lt and Said that Peace-kfxpinq operations nust never replace t&e final objeettve, which is a Swift settlement to the conflict throuqh negotiattons. (“r c . Vorontsov , USSR) - We have followed carefully what has been done in the Secretary-General’s miSSiOn Of good Off ices, and we support the efforts of Mr. per&z de Cuellar in trying to get Practical results through this dialoqtr?. we noted with understanding the Secretary-General’s intention, as indicated in h t3 report on the peace-keeping force in Cyprus, to submit an additional report tn the Council, his remarks m the resumption of the intensive talks and the preparation of an agreed framework for a comprehensive aqreemant in accordance with resolution 649 (1990). Like other members of the Council, we trust that with the sumrt of the United Nations the interested parties, in a spirit of responsibility, will beqin the search for a solution to the problems that have accumulated. We are firmly convinced that the Secretary-General’s mission of good offices in the current difficult situation deserves now sore than ever the strongest suppoft of the members of the Security Council. At the sallY? time, I cannot fatl to not@ that qivinq priotitv to ihe financial problem , as has just been &ne here in the Council, simply distracts us from focuslnq on the specific serious iSsW @f Providing 3uWort to the Secretary-General a3 he discharges his mission. thile the Swiet Union recognizes that there are serious financial difficulties, it considers that the main reason is that the Cyprus problem ha3 inadmissibly long remained unresolved. We believe that woblems relating to financing the force in Cyprus can hardly be regarded in isolation from other ceuctal aSPeCk of the United Nations peace-keeping operation in Cyprus. We should not Lose siqht of the swcific: nature and characteristics of this partiCUlar United Nations peace-keeoinq oneration. as reflected in Security Council resol?ltion 186 (1964), which establ.ished the mace-k’+ednq force In Cyprus. Let 183 recall that the Soviet Union supported that resolution at the tie+?, takinq into JcXOUnt the stance of Cyorus and the fact that the adoption of this resolution vould not result in financial ?bliqatinns h@inq immssd on Yemher States not (3 r . Vorontsov , USSR) Accordingly, the problem of financinq has to he resolved in accordance with the procedures laid down in that Security Council resolution. It is on that basis that we did not oppose the Secretary-General’s appeal to Member States “for a voluntary financial contribution” so JS “to enable UNFICYP to continue to mrry out the functions fa which it was established”. I hops that countries that are in a position to a0 SO will rreke a wasitive response tc the Secretary-General's amal. The Soviet Union proceeds from the premise that the understanding with regard t0 the financial procedures laid down in Security Council resolution 186 (1964). still holds good and will not be undermined. The Practice established by the decisions of the Council note than 25 years ago has, in our view, become bindinq and we should continua to follow it. The PRESIDENT (interpretation from French) I I thank the representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics for his kind word3 addressed to me. The Council will now hear statements from the parties. The first speaker on my list is the representative of Cyprus, on whom I now call. M t . ~AV’fKMYATIS (Cyprus) a At the outset, Sir, 1 wf.sh to abngratulate you on your assumption of tha presidencv of the Security Council for the month of June. Your excellent diplonntic skills and exnerience assure that the Council will successfully dischargs its important functions under the Charter and perform the current tasks before it. The Governamnt of the Remblic of Cyprus pledges its full support to you and to the Council in the performance of your high duties. 1 should also like to mngratulate the Permanent Representative of Finland, Ambassador Tornodd, for the nynmplary manner in which he carried out his duties Js President of the Council due ing the month of May, a difficult month indeed, during which impoctant decisions had to be taken. I believe that it is appropriate fbr m? ~150 fo say how hanny we are to see the new Permanent Representative of China, Mr. ‘>i Daoyu, amnng Uei. M f . Yavcomi%¶ tis, Cyprus) In axpcessfnq thanks and apprec Lattal to the Council Par resolUtLOn 657 (1990), which has just been &Opted, renewinq the lrendate of the United Nations Peace-Keepinq Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) and that of the good offices miSSiOn of the Se’=retacy-General, I wish to stress how indispensable these decisions are TV the search for a solutia to the question of Cyprus. 1 should like to exncess my Govecnrnent’s bel; appreciation to the States contt ibutinq ~XCXI~S and civilian police to UNFfCYP and to those that have oontc ibuted to the financinq of the Force. We have been followinq closely the question of the ecommic crisis that UNFXCYP faces. we expces the hoce that the matter will sOOn be resolved and the troOp-cOntributir)g countries will be relieved of the inordinate burden Qbced m thsm. TJ@ wish to PaY a tribute to Major General Clyde Milnec, the Force commander, and to his staff and personnel, for th? manner in which they acp ceccyinq out this im@Xtant peace-keeping function in Cyprus. I should also like to pay a tribute ta the Special Repfesentative of the Secretary-General, Mt. Oscar C.amili&, and to his oollsaques, Dactfculac’.y Hr. Joachim Huttec, who hers just joined us here in New York* wi* all Of whom I have worked so closely in Cyocus for several years. ahe SeCcetaCy-&neCEIl*S team on the Cyprus situation, ad QaCtiCUlarly Mr. Dayal, who has successftilly completed certain tasks and is r)ow being charged with additional ones. Mr. Carl-Rugust Fleisr‘ hauer, Mr. Uaccack Gouldinq, Mr* picoo ana MC. FeiSSel, who so ably assisted the Secretary-General ducinq his current -e enrts _-_-~ .-: +190 deserve evecv Braise. The President of Cyprus, or. Vassiliou, the Government ard the p~ple of CYW US? as ~11 2~ th? countryy’s Permanent Representative to the flnited Nations would VeCY much like, DJrtiCUlarly on this cxcasion, eo express &eQ agxQreciation tar the rob plaved by the ‘iecretary-:*bnefal himwlf. 4is q*asQ of thz probb*rrl, perseverance and dedicetlon , even Ln thi? face of adversity, challenges, rejections, or even denials of compet4ence , make him eminently suitable for the impxtant tasks that he has tindertaken. Mr. Yavromatis, Cyprus) Mr. YwJramrmtis, Cyprus) Although a further report is to be submitted later by the Secretary-Crneral On his good-off ices mission upon the completion of current consultations, yet 1 believe that the occasion calls Ecr a reference to the reasons that necessitated Such consu 1 tat ions. Six months ago I had this to say on the efforts of the Secretary-General and the reasons that were delayinq resumption of the dialoqlle and the discussion of a set of idea9 DteSented by :he Secretary-General to both sides in writing on 25 July 1989: “The second meeting, which was called in the hope of repairing the damage dons during the first, was also unsuccessful in the sense, as we understand it, that the unaocepteble o3nditions which cannot be discussed and ace tant&nount, inter slia, to recoqnition of the UDX and the right to separate self-determination and dismembermnt of the l&poblic of Cyprus, are still there and if anything their wiority of discussion was demanded”. I was referriclq to the two metinqs of the Secretary-General that taok place last Cktober and Nwember. Further, on the neqative response of Mr. penk taeh to the Secretary-General’s ideas, I said that Mr. Denktaah’s reaction was “to reject the agreed neqotinting procedure snd challenge openly the role of the Secretary-General.. when the date tir the extended talks of last February was announced, everybody hwea against hope - and I say this because of a strinq of intransigent statemen@ by Mr. mnktash and Turkish Covernmznt officials - that at long last they had heeded the call of the Security Council contained in the relevant atatRm@nt 9f its then president and the friendly advice by several countries to Ankara, and that a real and extended dialoq~ W.XJ ilnminent. Me. h(!3VcOlrmti!3, cypruo) The hones of all of us were dashed when the whole eECort and the dialoqm that “8s to start on 26 Fcbruecy 1990 and to mntinue tic about two weeks failed. In fact, Mr. benktash never allowed it to resume. The secretary-General had this to 8%’ in his cepoc t to the Se-cur ity Council dated 13 March 1990: *Further, I recalled that, in the course of the discussion, Mr. Denktas had stated that the term ‘communities’ be used in a runner that was synonymous with the term ‘peoples*, each having a separate II iqht to ‘se1 f-determinetion*.a - I could almost say, “0 b?mpoca? 0 lwxes!“- %::. Denk tash also proposad certain other term for the word *communities*. I stated that, in the context of the intercommunal talks, the introduction of terminology that was different from that used by the Security Council had thus posed more than a semantic problem and that, unless acceptable to both sides, any chanqe in terminoloqy could alter the mnceptual framework to uhich all had thus far adhered. Tn the circumstances, I came to the conclusion, regrettably, that we faced an imwsse of a substantive kind, which raised questions regardinq the essence of the mandate of qood off ices qiven to me by the Security Council and, therefore, reqardinq the basis of tbe tjlks.” (S/2llS3, pbra. 151 BV then, every GoVernWnt end every representative in the United Nations knew that Turkey and Yr. Benktash were wholly and exclusively resplnoibh for the failure, by undermininq and denying the role of the Secretary-General, Lncludinq his riqht to make suqqestianz% and by rejec tinq his ideas as well .S the aqreed ne90tiatioq Procedure and the very foundation of the dialaque, and by introducinq new unacceDtable &man& are3 preconditions such a0 that of being a neople and havinq the riqht to sowrate self-dctermtnation contrary to interrational law, the Charter an3 its purpmw3 ad prfncipl~s, the Security Counci 1 resolutions on Cypr 11s Mr. h(avromm3tis, Cyprus) ‘INe full picture of what actually transpired is described in the aforesaid report of the Secretary-General., and the appropriat.e cerrmdy to revert to legality can by found in the first operative peraqcati of resolution 649 0.990), unanimously adopted by the Security Council, uhich not only reaffirEd all previous resolutions on Cyprus but also reiterated the exclusion of uniorr in whole or in part with any other country and any form of partition or wcession, thus reiterating and reaffirming Security Council resolutions 541 (1983) and 550 (1984), which declare the Turkish Cypriot UOt illegal and call for its withdrawal. The decision of the Security Council with regard to separate self-determination has had no effect on Mr. Denk tash, who mntinues in a series of public statements - the last of which was made a few short days aqo - to insist on these weconditions, which Cal.18 for fur thee stern action by the Security Council. This kind of attitude is also evident in the illeqal arrest, detention and sentencinq to gaol terma by the illegal c69in~ of five Greek Cypriot youths who 3n different o~casiotls crossed the demilitarixed zone and were accused of violahiog the non-existent borders of a non-existent State, wh ich never theless TUC key sees fit to Promote and encourage at every oDportunitv. But the responstbility of Turkey is not limited to aidinq and abettinq Turkish-CyDriot intransigence and the wrecking of the Secretary-General’s efforts to find a just solution to the Cyprus problem. TUC key *s greatest and unforqiveable general responsibility foe th* continuation of the tragedy of Cyor~ 1s to tF? found mainly in the fiollowinqr Iirst# the illeual Dresence of a huge occupation armv in Cv~run. there to PtOiTOh? ati petp+tuate the divtc,lon of a State %mber nf the United Nation; and @V-Y other illeqality connected therewith; Sf?cond lv , th2 con tinuinq - demite Vnited Yatir)% decisions - violation of Mr. Mavrommtis, Cyprus) Committee on Missing Persow to areive at acceptable decisions and also failinc, to implement %UCity Council resolution 550 (1983), which is of course mrndacocy and which, inter alia, considers attempt3 to settle any part of Vacosha bv people other than its inhabitants as inadmissible8 Thirdly, the continuing implantation of thousands of settlers from Turkey whose presence is contrary to both international and domestic law and has reached th@ stagger inq number of over 80,000, compared with a Turkish Cypriot population of approximately 90,000, with the fallowinq repercussions or objectives, by the Petpetratorsr First, to change the demographic character of Cyprus by radically alter inq the tradition ratio of 80 per cent Greek Cyprioba to 18 per cent Turkish Cypriots in an attempt to justify the exagqeroted and unfounded claims of the Turkish side with reqard to the territorial arrangements and political power in Cypeust Second, to neutrslixe or dfstort the political volition of the Turkish Cypc iots by render inq them I) minority in the occupied area uf Cyprus after the massive influx of colonist settlers, who are already holding the balance of power throuqh the establishment of a political oarty with exclusive Turkish settler membership, which enouces that the decisions of the Turkish Cyoriot leadership are in line with the dictates of Ankarat Third, to provide A substantial source of additional trained military reserves in Cyprus, auqnentinq the considerable presence of the Turkish Cypriot cxcupation forces; Pourthe to add an additional complicating factor, aqqravsting further the search for a just and viable solution to the Cyprus problem8 Fifth, kmwing the importance OP demzqraphic changes bth Universally - a8 we have seen quite clearly recently tn the Middle East - and particularly in the cam2 Of (-!VDPUB, which has entrenched constitutional provisions cequlat:iqq the nun&r of wr . ~twnImnnm tis, Cyprus) pwple of Creek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot oriqin that may Leqally return and settle in Cyprus, and doing so in order to make a just solution impJssible, a clear indication that Turkey only pays lip service to the search foe such a solutionr bile womotinq the partition of Cyprust Finally, in the lonq-term for the combined Turkish Cypriot and settler population to reach parity with, and even to outnumber, the Greek Cypriots in line with the declared expansionist plans of Turkey against Cyprus - and we have had recent similar cases involving Turkey. Hr. Yav Tomlnatis, Cyprus) Cyprus, although always trying, to the qreatest extent consistent with its 5over iqn r iqhts, not to do anythinq that could qive Turkey any pretext to avoid or delay the negotiating pra3ess, ha.3 to warn that events we have just descf ibed in Connection with the settlers have by far overtaken the limits of its patience and that it is now bound tu take appropriate action. This could entail seeking, dt th@ WQCopriate time, the further involvement of the Securitv Council. Turkey’s unwillinqnesa to darmnstrate even the slightest sign of self-restraint is evident also in the unacceptable practice of the Permanent Representative of Turltey to the United Nations, repeated many times, of reqwsting circulation and having circulated a5 United Nations tbculrrnts letters and statements emanatinq from and expressing the views of the pseudo-State which was Strongly and unequivocally condernled by Security Council resolutions 541 (1983) and 550 (1984). Those acts shw conbempt for the Security Council, which has condamned that illegal entity and which asked all States not to recognise it) at the sama time they are abusive and insulting towards both the Secretary-CIneral and the Security Council. The Security Council, which has recently been mace active and successful in Co-operation with the Secretary-General, cannot in the case of Cyprus limit itself to the renewal of mandates and the occasional presidential atatesmnt. It has to Qmirnd from Turkey more respect for its resolutions and the Charter’s princioles, the abandonment of illegal pre-conditions and, most important, tangible proof of the existence of the political will to embark on a meaningful dialogw. The PR%IDwJT (interpretation from French) I I thank the representative of Cyprus for the kind words he addressed to me. The next sneaker ia the representative of Greece, on whom I now call. MC. eEPCG (Greece) (interpretation from French) t It qtves me Qreat pleasure, Sir, to con9cetulate you most sincerely cn your assumption of the Presidency of the Security Council for the nonth of June. We ate certain that your experience and well-knoun diplomatic skill will ensure smoth proceedtncps in the CounciL. I wish also to reaffirm that historic ties of history, culture, friendship and a devoticlc) to human values are a constant element in the relations i=tween mu country and France: among t er+e# A axmmitment to buildinq Europe i.5 of special importance. I take this opportunity to thank your predecessor, the Permanent Representative of Finland, for the outstanding way in which he presided Over the Council’s Work in May, bcth in New York a?d in Geneva. I wi~b alsO to take this opportunity warmly to welcome the new Permanent Representative of the People’s RepubPic of China, A&asSadOr Li RaOyu, uho is pacttoipatinq in his first meetinq of the Security Council today. In addition, I wish on behalf of the Government of Greece to extend sincere conqratulatio~ to the Permanent F&epreaentative of the Republic of Yemen on the unification of his ccuntry. I Cannot fail to enpress my GovernmentVs sincere thanks and ar@teciation to the Secretary-General, Mr. Javiec Perez de Cuellar, for his perseverance and dedication in the face of the difficult obstacles he en~unters a5 he carries out his mission of 4006 off ices. Our thank5 go also to his Special Representative in Cyprus, Mr. Camilibn, and to all the close cnlleaques Of the Secretary-General who deal vith the question of Cypu~. a--- ---I- UI)Ic;tz cry0 *,a uac; .+UcT4a..-Y.. &- -.---L4nr cf Pypr??~ has roached a critical turninq-point. It has been three nnntho since the Council’s unanimous adoption of resolution 649 (L990), after witnaasinq the complete mllapse of the m38t recent efforts of the Secretary-General, who had souqht to breathe new life inb the intercommunal Mr. zepos, Greece) talks. The Council vi11 recall that the President of the ~eplblic of Cyprus and tha head of the Turkish Cypriot msmunity had aQcepted the Secretary-C;emcsl* s invitation ‘to begin extended talks here in l&v York on 26 February ti prepare the outlines Of an overall. ayceement. The reasons for the fsilure of those talks are well krpvn, having been set out clearly in the report of the Secretary-General of 8 Watch 1990, rhioh was available to all Member States as an off total Ctxuruznt of the Security Council (S/21183). We share the disappointment of the Secretary-Genecal who concluded with regret that he vas faced with a deadlock on a substantive problem; this raised questions about the very nature oE his misston of good offices and thus called into question the veW foundation of the talks. We all kwv that the Secretary-General’s conclusion on the existence of a substantive pcoblem resulted from the insistence by the head of the Turkish Cypriot community on the notion of a separate people in Cyprus and on PCOlnotinq the idsa of a mu entity which the Secucity Council, in its CeSOlUtfOns 367 (19751, 541 (1983) and 550 (1984), bad regarded as non-existent and had even explicitly condemned. I vould also recall the recent resolution 649 (1990) which fntec alia formally excluled any form of partition or secession in the case of Cyprus. We mst give special attention to the tcJ0 latest reports of the Secretary-General, those of 8 Yeech 1990 and 31 Wy 1990. That is not only becaune ~3 ace grateful for his efforts ti bring together the mnditiono Recesssty for a substantive dialogue. i& must conclude yet again that his efforw cannot euccaed without a clear vision of the scope and nature of the ocisi5, which the United Nation5 Cannot resolve without fixing responsibility for it. The reports Of the Secretary-Genacal help us determine the nature Of the ccisia, which we believe ie political, institutional and financial, and in eotabliehing once and for all where the reewnsi bili:y 1 ies. Nr. Eepos, Greece) W, must acknowledge the political nature of the deadlmk which the Secretary-General has brouqht to our attention. The Secretary-General informs us that, by the terms of the Security Council resolutions and the high-level aWeWnts concluded in 1977 and 1979, his missi.on of q& offices has been challenqed by one of the tw interlocutors. During the recant talks, the head of the Turkish Cypriot oomnunity attempted to inttoduce criteria which were not merely a question of emantics or teeminoloqy but 8 matter of substance; in that way he owosed the unity, soveteiqnty and territorial inteqrity of the Republic of Cyprus, of which the Security Council is a quarantor . Aspirations with no legal basis were Put Eorwa rd. The Secretary-General, whose aw~clusions were not limited to the causes of ths ~01Lapse of the recent talks, formally and unequivocally stated who Was responsible for it. It was Mr. Denktash, who, as we all kmw, relying on the Turki& army of occupation , not only disregards United Nations CeSolUtiOnS reaffirming the unity, independence and territorial inteqrity of the Republic of Cyprus, but also makes IB commitment to respect the hiqh-level aqreaments of which he is a siqnatorv. There is often talk about te-establishing trust between the two cgnxnunities, and it seams that there have been some contacts and other initiatives in that area, despite the problems and obstacles introduced by the head of the Turkish Cypriot community. (NC. Zepos, Greece1 At meetings held throuqh the hospitality of the Secretary-GzneraL the President of the Republic of Cyorus, Mr. Vassiliou, has availed himseLf of the opportunity bo inform members of the Council on the extent of his oun efforts. L Q’seLf would Like to emphasise the importance of an apparently simple de facto situation that has not, perhaps, been sufficiently qrasped in recent years. That is, that the authorities of the Republic of Cyprus are providing the occupied northern pert of the country with aLL the electricity it requires for its ener9v needs without any reimbursement. Other social and humanitarian services are s tilL beiiy Provided to the northern part of the country by the ReplbLic. some circles have fernat ked that, in spite of Turkey *s invasion and occupation, the southern part of the country h= maneqed ta qive proof of some economk dynamism and a certain affluence, as though the consequences of the invasion had not been devastating and tragic enough tc prevent the Cypriots from re-establishing their economy to 808s degree. Let me say that such remarks reflect a certain cynicism and i9nOranCe Of the confidence-buildtnq measures undertaken by the Republic vis-s-vie the Turkish Wxiot community. The Crisis affects the JJnited Nations system and, more directly, the Security Council, given the fact that Turkev has seen fit to reject the Council’s resolutions, as it has just done with the resolution just adopted f~ac renewal of the Force. FQC our pert, it is with reqret - but also with Some a8 tonishrnr nt - that we note that an attempt has been nBde tc go along with Turkey’s logic in respect to its conduct towards the United Nations. As an examole 1 miqht mention that in the guise of Letters adaressed to the Secretary-General my Turkish collea9ue has been havinq circulated texts written by an individual on his own WrsonsL behalf that contain offensive and pretentious Language against the European Par 1 iamen t , one of the three major bodies of the European Community that (Yen Eepla, Greece) Turkey wishes to join of with which it hopes to enjoy special ties. I refer to S~urity COUnCil tiuirrent S/21212, which, in our opinion, constitutes an abuse of United NatiGns privilege. On a KXW@ important and serious level ve feel in duty bound to emphasize that the institutional aspect of the crisis is brought out by the fact. that the SecuritY COUNCIL is unable e0 react mre effectively to the preence in cyprus of 35,000 Turkish ocCupyin troops. Although we regret that after more than 25 Years since the establishment of the United Nations Peace-keeplnq Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) it has still not been possible to arrive at a negotiated settlement to the Problem - as resolution 649 (1990) notes - there is clearly even greater reason for m to reqret that 16 vears have elapsed since the flaqrant violation of the Unit.ed Nations Charter and that the scourge of war still afflicts this European country. Cyprus may soon be the only country that shares the fate of the occupied territories of the Middle East. St is quite clear that for the pr in\3 teasan of military occupation I have mentioned, an well as because of Turkey % interference in the intracommunal talks, evidenced, inter alla, by repeated press releases setting forth the same vierat that have led the talks into in impasse, the Council should implement paragraph 5 of resolution 649 (1990) and call upon it to refrain from any action that could aggravate the situation. We expect Turkey to make a gesture of goodwill and to 43 along with m agreed solution to the Problem of Cyprus by peaceful moans within the framework of the mission of qood offices of the Secretary-General, in keeping with the rules qoverninq United Nations bodies. 1 should like to add a few words on the financial aspects of the crisis, given the 3179 million deficit in the Force’s budget. Greece has lonq maintained that the Force sho;lld be Sinanced through assessed contributions, MY Cdvernmnt qreatly (MC. Zepos, Greece) appreciates the effort and sacrifices made by contributinq countries and we continue to maintain that the system for financing the Force in Cyprus :;hould be the same ~3 that employed for other United Nations peace-keepinq forces. a I should like to take this orpor tuni ty to wy a tr ihute to Force Comnunder Clive Milner for the manner in which he has been carrvinq out his delicate mission, as wall w to the Force’s military and civilian personnel for the devotion they have denu,nstrated in the perfocmance of their duties. The United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus enhances the feeling of security necessary to all the Island’s inhabitants so lonq 8s the situation created bY the PKesenC@ of occuPyinq forces and settlers, both from Turkey, continues to prevail. As it is well known. the latter are arbitrarily settling in occupied territory. As the Secretary-General indicates in his cement report of 3L May. the Force has not been able to extend its freedom of movement in the northern Part of the Island. In that occupied part of the territory the Force miqht eventually have been able - and I am citing a personal example - to investigate the scope of the demographic chanqe created by the ever-qtowinq wave of settlers, who are, upon their arrival, provided by the Turkish authorities with land abandoned by the Greek Cypriot refuqees, a land provision that includes the riqht to vote. The vicious and despotic circle is thus complete. Faced with these many high-handed actions being taken in the north of Cyprus, the Securitv Council is called upon to resolve the crisis in each of the three aspac tn I have just descr ibed l The pReSfuENT (interpretation f corn French) t X thenk the representattve of Greece for his kind words addressed to me. The next speaker inscribed on ny List is qt. &er moray, to whom the Council has extended an invitation in accordance with rule 39 of its provisional rules of Procedure. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement. Hr. KOayt I would like to thank you, Mr. President, and, throuqh you, the other raemberr of the Security Council, for giving me this opportunity to &dretrY the Council on the subject of the extension of the mndate of the United Nations Peace-keeplnq Force in Cyprus (UCWCyp) far JB torther pertaB of Six nmnths. I VOUCH aho like to take this opportunity to aonqt&ulate you, Sir, on Your sssumpt~on af the presidency of the Council for the mne of June. My ~o~~~tUl8thlS al00 go tO yDUt ptQbec*osor , the Permanent Representative of Finland, for the skilful manner in which he conducted the Council’o Work duririq the iaonth of May. WC. Kocay) YOU Will. CWall, sir, that President Kauf mnktas and Creek Cypriot leader Mr. GaOrqe Vassiliou mt in New York between 26 February and 2 March this year upln the invitation of the Secretary-General. Although the proposed aim of the meetWl was tn p-epare a draEt outline, the essential qroundwork for that parpOse had not been done dutinq the previolrr months. At the time, the talks, as you kraw, had been stalled due to the pre-conditions set and the intransigent attitude displayed by the Greek Cypriot leadoe. L wiLL not qo into the details of those spoilinq tactics by the Greek Cypriot side, which pushed the neqotiatinq process into deadlock. The Turkish Cypriot side, in an effort to break out of the LmpaSSe , made substantive propxals on mote than one occasion, so that the negotiations could be meaninqfully pursued. In this Spirit, the Turkish Cypriot side also proposed the signing of a joint declaration of the two sides pledqinq to work towards a settlement under CQnditiOnS of peaceful m-existence, friendship and respect for each otheraS eights. In all those case5 the Greek Cypriot leader turned his back and refused even to lfxik at our vat ioue proposals. In view Of that, the Turkish Cypriot Sf&, before mming to New York in February, requested that certain fundamental issues and concepts be clarified with Mr. Vasstliou. President Oenktis indicated that without preparatory qroundrJork In Cyprus to COV@t all issues and to eeconcLle the existinq divergence of views between the two sides it would be futile to expect. any Fjositive outcom from the New York meetings. obviousLy, Mr. Vassiliou had m intention of chanqinq his . ~Gitititi, ana, verse 5 tiii, came to New York -tally unprepared, with nothing constructive &I put on the table that would make a contribution to the process. The Turkish Cypriot sids , on the other hand, cam? to New York in good fa fth, fully aware of the dtfficulties that had to tze countered, and produced written Ptom5als on all aspects of a settlemnt. Mr. VaasCl.iou once aqain pushed aside (4 r . Karay) our Substan+.ive and F+ooedural ~coposals, and instead enqaqed in empty rhetoric that steered the talks away from its brqett at the same time he brouqht into the open the disaqreement on fundamental. concepts and fxinciples- President Danktas was proved right on 2 March this year, when it became apParent that Yr. Vassiliou had not come to New York to neqotiate a settlement based on federation with the equal political statU3 and participation of the two peop&3 ti exercise of their separate riqht freely to decide their future QOlitiC%l status. Mr. Vessiliou had co= to New York ta prevent precisely that outcoma, and for that purrmae he menaqed to stall the neqotiations. UnfOrtURately, an agreement ha3 once again eluded u3, due to the ciqid position adopted by the Greek Cypc tot leader throuqhout the Uew York Summit rrretinq. Since the breakdown of the talks the Creek Cypriot side has stewed Up not only its campatqn of vilificsticn in international forums, but et the same time its NttiORS and FnLic ies tiat serve only to increase tens ion in the island. We hope that the Greek Cypriots will not destroy all vestiqes of tru3t between the two WOPles, and w it1 decide to resow set loos negotiations with the Turkish Cypriot side. It should be underlined here thet for the two sides to be able to mOve towards a federal solution the tw> political entities should, first, establ.ish their relationship on a new pattern based on resmct for each ether's existence, inteqcity and wlitical equality. tn this context, the separate right of the two WoPleS to b?cide freely their future ~lltlcal statue - that is, the riqht to r-1 o-.aatarainn4.4nn _ “G-e - --_-..._..__ --__ $5 ?m enfa64ntiaP element of a neqotieted seetbment based 6x3 federation. The ‘Turkish Cypriot @ople would Like to we a federal settlemnt with the Greek Cypriots, based on genuine equality, power-sharI.nq and bi-zonalitv. mey WuLd Like ta eee an aqreement entsilinq fuLL and effective quacantees for (M c . Kor ay) their secur 1 ty and national existence. They would like to see their basic and inalienable rights 8s a separate people cecognixed , respected and preserved. President Dank tas, on behalf of his people, has resolutely defended those c lghts and principles. He has neqotiated with the Greek Cypriot side, with a clear mandate from the Turkish Cynriot Parliament , cepresentlnq ths free will of th@ Turkish Cypr tot maple. His neqotiatinq position has ceflected, not personal ambltlons, as alleqed by the Greek Cypriot side, but the leqitimate concerns and aspirations of his people. The Turkish Cyor iot people renewed their fu 11 supc t EOC President Denktas by overwhelmlnqly re-electinq him President of the Kepub3.ic on 22 April this year. In that election President Denktas received over tuo thirds of the votes cast, which should Wove to everyone that he pursues a course that i5 fully backed by his people. After the summit meting between the two sides, the Secretary-General on 8 Match submitted his report (S/21183), lnformlnq the Security Council of the results of the mzetinq and qlvlnq his assessment of the situation. The Secretary-Genera1 has emphnslzed certain points of ma-for significance in the context of the Cyprus neqotlations and the relatlonshlp between the tm peoples in the island. I shall very briefly recall those crucfal points, which ~ece clearly spoiled out in the Secretary-General’5 ceport. The Secretary-General mda it clear that the celationshio between the tclr, parties was not one of majority and minority. He also underlined that the !%artlcipation of the two aides in the process was on an equal footing 8nd that the solution being souqht was one that must be decided upon ioy, and mUSt be aCcePt8ble IX?@, both peoples. Equally important, the Secretary-General called for acknowbedqement of the f’Qlftica]. equality of the two people5 in the fc?&.catlqn, &l lch is to be bf-eoffanunal 85 well aa bi-zonal In nature. The objective of; the mission of qood offices, the Secretary-General explained, WC. Koray) was a new constitution for Cyprus that would regulate relations between the tvo sides On a federal, bi-communal and bi-sons1 basi5. The federal arranqem?nt would have to ensure the effeotive participation 0e the tvo sides. It is no mere coincidence that all our proposals pot forward throuqhout the ptfxe5s 0e negotiations - vhich, regrettably, have received II) positive resFouse from the Creek Cypriot aide - have reflected the very principles and COnCeQtS hiqhliqhted by the Secretery-General in hie report. We have tried bo get our WfntS across to the Greek Cypriot side, but it has rot been possible to nuke any progress in the face of the rejectionist stand of the Greek Cypriot side. Having considered the Secretary-General's report , the Security Council adopted resolution 649 (1990) cm 12 Yarch 1990. my that resolution, the Security Council celled for neqotiations between the tvo sides, on an equal footing, in ocder to reach freely a mutually eecepteble settlement, which vould be b hi-communal, hi-zone1 federetion. The Council amfirmd the legal and political equality of the Turkish Cyprioti an8 the Greek Cypriots. Ttre Council ale0 catled upar the tvo Sides in Cyprue b refrain from hostile actiOns thet vouLd a~KaVate the situation. The Secretary-General’s report and the Council*s resolution have set out impxtent ground rules for the process of negotiations and the mnduct of relationa between the tvo sides in Cywue. Xn the light of resolution 649 (1990) ve expect ~11 Governante and intecnationel institutions to treet the tvo sides in Cyprus equally. The Greek Cypriots can m Longer he treated 83 the Goveeniuent of CyFxus, 8s there is no single authority in Cyprus capable of representing, and based on the consent of?, both sides. M r . Korey) The Greek Cv~iots have no authority in law. or in fact, to represent CYpCus as a whole. As lonq JS they are nat urged to cum? to term3 with this realitv the Greek Cypziots will nevw be inclined to negotiate on a esalistic basis With the Turkish Cypriots as stipulated by eesolution 649 (1.990). Therefore, it is important for third parties to treat the Greek Cypriot administration and the Turkish Replblic IIf Northern Cyprus equally and fairly, in accordance with the pco~isions of that resolution The road to a new political partnership in Cyprus will only pass through the creation, in the first instance, of 3 climate of confidence and qo0d relations between the two peoples. Nobody can exmct a political association to he viable if the constitmnt parties contin= to reqard each other as adversaries. That is why the Turkish Cypriot side firmly believes that the two States should first make peace with each other and initiate a new pattern of relationship before atbamptinq t0 mve towards a genuine federation. In tiis respect, it is a prerequisite that the two sides should refkain from any action which creates tension and mistrust in the island. Operative rrtraqra0h 5 of mcuritv Council resolution 649 (1990) hes in fact called UW%I the two sides to refrain from such ,Tctlons. Despite this imlBCtbn(s pcerwuisLte, and the Council’s clear call, it is disheartening to see that the Greek Cypriot admintetratlon is otill pursuinq a policy of hostility against the Turkish ReF;ublic of Northern Cyprus both in South Cyprus and abroad. A most serious violation of paraqraph 5 of resolution 649 (1990) is the continued stockpiling of sophisticated assault weapons and other military equfpmant by tiM iZ63~h Cy@iioi; a6ninistcation. ib%iie Mr. ti,3sfliiiou;e &fence Minister iu buoil~ concluding agreements for new arm gwrchaneo in various countries, Greek Cypriot military an3 political leaders are boasting about the qcowinq military power of South Cyprus and makinq orovocat.ive 3 tatements, WNIE of them tantanaunt to a declaration of war aqai nst the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. mt~ih 9e Greek Cypr tot military preparations, aygressive actions and hostile statements over the recent years can be found in our nur~~rouo letters addressed to the Secretary-General which have been circulated as United Nstiom dOCWentf3. SlJetice it tQ say here that the increase of manpower and the excessive mncentration of weaponry in South (ryprus work against a peaceful acttlenent between the tm states in CyPrus. The Greek Cypriot administration, in close co-ordination with Greece, has also stepped up its lonqstandinq world-wida propaqanda campaign against the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. According to recent reports, the Greek Cypriot National CouJ?ciZ is considerinq an “Action Plan” masterminded by the Greek Cypc tot POreiqn Minister to drag the Cyprus issue to various international forum with a vi@ to extraotinq one-sided resoluttons and intensifying their defamatory poltiies WJafns t the Turkish Cypriot people. In line with this new plan, the Greek Cypriot edministtatton is aqqressively explottinq the Cyprus issue at the Conference on &Utity and Co-operation in Euro-, and is actively engaged in efforts to bring this issue to the European Court of Justice, the Human Rights Coamittee of the Council of Europs, and other bodies. The Greek Cypriot adwinLstration and Greece have set up a joint committee to oversee and co-ordinate propaganda efforts in the international arena. The Greek Cypr iota ehould kmw tiat this raMeive internstionaltz8tion campeiqn is totally incompatible with the process of negotiations. Serious talks cannot be eXPected to endure without an imrxwed atmosphere. The ongoing Greek Cypriot embarqa against the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus in all spheres, the Greek Cyoriot rearmment cempiqn and other hostile activities should be terminated if there is a qenuine wissl on the part of the Greek Cypriots W foster the climate in *ich nagotiations can be resumed. MC. Karay) All these developnents shou that the Creek Cypriot side has effectivelv abandoned the neqotiatinq process. The Week Cypriot plan of action is a renewed effort to Present the Cypr~ issue as a minority-majority problem. It is an atbmpt to neqate the equal political status of the Turkish Cypriots in any future settlement. It is an effort to deceive the world into belisvinq that they are not to blew for the lack of proqress in the negotiations. In short, they bre tryinq to involve third parties and international institutlam to perpetuate the 27-year-old injustice committed awinst the Turkish Cypriot people. Another issue which forms an inteqral part of the above-mentioned Greek Cypriot Action Plan is the intended unilateral application for mmbership of the European Qxrununity which would perpetuate ti present state of affairs on the island. In this reqard, I would like to point out that in the event of an application for membership, without the participation and consent of the Turkish Cypriot side, the Greek -riot administration will deal a fatal blow to the neqotfetions. ‘lb take a step that would fundamentally alter the future of Cyprus uithout reference to the Turkish Cypriot side would be tantamount to rejecting any a kind of partnership with the Turkish Cypriots. The Ceeek Cypriot administration ha3 already done enough to exploit the European Corcraunity-cfyptue Association Agreement to manipulate European Community-Cyprus celationr to the detriment of the TUC kish Cyrx iots. The proposed application for Community membership would provide them with a new weapon for further ti9htenin9 the ongoing economic embargo a9ainSt the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. They are currently sparin no effort to stov Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus exports to European Community markets. Since the aominq to power of Mr. Vessiliou in February of 1988, demnstrations end other border incidenta have increeeed considerably. 01 many occasions aqqreasive Greek Cypriot demonstrators have attempted to t&r+ke flleqal entries into our territory. There have been times when it was not possible for UNPICYP to contain the violanoe in and around the buffer zone, which culminated in the violation of our horders and the Oocoible entry into the Tuckish Repubiic of Northern Cyprus by the a99ces5ors. Some of these demonstrators were arrested bY the Turkish Cypriot Police and tried in Turkish Cypriot courts foe illegal entry through ouc borders. More recently, several Greek Cypriot youths, who had managed to enter into the Turkish Republic of Nocthecn Cyprus clan&stin@ly, were arrested by the Turkish Cypriot Police while attemptinq to bcinq down the Turkish CyQ~iot flag. They were chacqedr ttied and sentenced by ouc courts. ti fact that the aggressors have been applauded end praised hy the Greek Cypriot Ladesship for their illegal actbns and declared “hecoes’ and apioneersg fOC the ‘Liberation” of Cyprus, demonstrates that the Greek Cypriot side is not inteeested in maintaining peace and tranquility in the island. on the tDntcacy, it is encouraging dangerous aotioma in order to undecmina the existence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, through every possible maans, and plcsuing a policy of intimidation and provocation against the Turkish Cypriot peor>Le. rjltch Greek Cypriot policies ace not compatible with the negotiating process and the efforts fa a peaceful setttment in Cyrus. In Cyprus, there ace two sovereign States and pao~les. The Greek Cyoriots have no jurisdiction or control over the Turkish Cypriot People or their tee c itmy. They have no aonstitutianal right to claim sovereiqnty over the island a3 a whole. and cannot represent the WePublic of Cyprus’, which wan destroyed in 1963 by Greek Cypriot aced aqqcession. The objective of the negotiating exercise under the eus~io~s of the United Nations Secretary-General is to reach a new WLitioal Settlement based on a new constttutton. : f the Greek CvDCiOt claim to sovec efqn ty and legaL i ty were tenable , then there would be no need for a ne* SettL%@?nt oc for a new constitution d@fining the relationship heteen the two peoples. We hope that, from now bn, third parties will encouraqe the Greek Cygtiot Hr. Koray) aida to race~t the realities of Cy~cus, and thus facilitate ,YO early settlement, Which cold MOVE& fix the eutablishnmnt of a bi-zonal, bi-national federal State in which the conatitunt replbltcs vtllenjoy equality Ln powee-sharlnq and Participation. In this respect we also hope that the Creek Cypriot sicle will create the neceess~ conditiorrs in which the tuo sides can initiate a new pror3esq for the preparation of the groundwork SI an essential basis for result-oriented nfaq0tistioM in thr future. Mr. Roray) Tucnlnq non to the question OP the extension of tie mandate of UNFIap, I would Like t0 reiterate that the resolution &ich has just been adopted by the Security Council is unacceptable bo the Turkish Cypriot si& foe the reasons that were outlined in previous Security Council &bates on this rratter. Any resolution which refers to the Greek Cypriot administration 63 the “Government of Cyprus” is Unacceptable to the Turkish Cypriot side because such resolutions ignore the existing realities in Cyprus and attempt to neqate the principle of equality between the two sides. Notuithstandinq its rejection of the present resolution, for the reasons outlined above, the Government of the Turkish Republic of NorthePn CYPrUs is nevertheless fsvourab~y disposed to accept the presence of UNFICYP on tie b?rCitorY of the Turkish Republic oT Northern Cypus on the same basis as that stated in December 1989. Thus, our position mntinues to be that the princiole, the scope, the malities and procedures of co-operation between the authorities of th@ Turkish Republic of Northern Cynrus and UNFICYP shall be based only on decisions which shall ba taken solely by the Government of the Turkish Rewblic of Northern CYpcu8. In this @xnection, I should Like to recall the statemnt of the president of the Security Council, delivered on behalf of Council members on 30 %ay 1990 an the subject of United Nations peace-keepinq operations, in &ich he stated, inter alia, that t *They lthe iretiers of the Security Council] stress that a peace-keeping operation is essentially a temporary measure, intended to facilitate the remtution of conflicts and disputes. Its mndate is not +utomatically renewable. Peace-keepinq should never tx construed as a substituti for the (M c . Ror ay) ultimate goal, m early negotiated settlement. In the light of this, the metiers of the Council vi11 oontinue to examine carefully the anndate of each operation and, when necessary, vary it in retaponse to prevailing CiCcu~~~tances: (S/21323,‘p. 2) At this juncture, we have to stress that the present mandate of JJNFICXP is not compatible vith the radically changed conditions and circumstances of today- In the light of the present realities in Cyprus and the new a-roach spelled out in Security Council resolution 649 (1990). ve believe that 8 reappraisal of UNFIcYP’s mandate is necessary. This vDuld not only be in response to prevailing circumstances but ale;, in keeping with the decision to reach a settlement that would be based on the equality of the tm parties. Refore concluding my statement, I wish to reiterate my Government's support for the mission of good offices of the United Rations Beeretary-General and the current efforts expended under his valuable auspices in finding a negotiated settlemant in Cyprus. We assure him, once again, of our full oo-operation in this regard. Likewise, w comeend the effort5 and invaluable contributions of the Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General in Cypru5, Mr. Dscer Camilidn, and of Director Gustave Feissel, Mr. Daval anb Mr. Picco. Finally, we command the untiring efforts of the Corrrrwnder of JJNFICYP, Major General Clive Milnec in the conduct of his important fun: talons dn the island- The PRESIDENT (interpretation from French) t I thank Mr. Koray for the kind words he addressed to me. The next speaker is the representative of Turkey, on dam I now call. Mr. AKSZN (Turkey) t Allow me to extend b> you, Sir, the warm congratulations of ay delegation on your assumption of the presidency Of the Secur f ty Count il. We are confident that under your firm and able gutdance the Mr. Aksin, Turkey) Council will contin= to carry out effectively tts vital task of sewing world peace. f WuLd aLso Like to pay hanuqe to the outqoing President, Ambassador Tornudd of Finland, for the diplomatic skills he displayed during the difEicuLt ~gOtiAtiOns ti8t t-k place when he was presidinq over the Council in May. 1 wish aLS3 to take this opportunity to welcome Ambassador Li Oaoyu of China t0 New York and to the United Nations. The %cUCity COUNCIL has just adopted a resolution extending the mandate of UNFICYP fcr a further six mnths. He cannot accept this resolution because of the lanquage it contains. The representative of the Turkish Aeplblic of Northern Cyprus h& just exr>lained the objections of his Government to this resolution and fW Goverrlent supports S-its position. It will be recalled that the Government of Cyprus was Eorrred in 1960 when Cyprus became independent. Ths constitution of CYLXUS wovidm3 for the Participation of the two national cpmmunitien of CyDrUs in the oentral government, the legislature, ths judiciary and the public service. l%Ls constLtution Lasted Until 1963, when the Greek Cypriots t,u?k a;iec the adminfstratlon by force of arm 8s a Prelude to annexing the island to Greece. Since then, there has been no Properly Constituted “Government of Cyprus” and Turkey will not agree to attachW this label tD the Greek Cypriot adninistratim that exercises power in the southern Dart of the island. A legal %overnaent of Cyprus” can 0nJ.y corn abut when the two political entities of the island, the Turkish Replblic of Northern Cyprus and its Greek Cypriot counterpart in the south, reach a settlement through direct talks between the two Cypriot Leaders under the auspices of the Secretary-&neral’g nisfsion of qmd off ices. Mr. Aksin, Turkey) of Cyprus and was instrumental in preservinq its independence dutinq the turbulent Years that follcmed the breakdown oe constitutional order in 1963. Consequently, Turkey wishes to see an early resumption of the talks between President Wnktash and Mr. Vassiliou which it regards a the only practical way for reaching a settlement that would conform to the quidelines restated in resolution 649 (1999)* adopted unanimously by rhis Council on 14 #arch 1990. This resolution calls um the leaders to pursue their efforts to reach freely a mrtually aaeptable solution oroviding for the establishment of a bi-communal and bi-zonal federation. The resolution stresses the equality of the twr, political entities, and rightly so. To be viable, federations have to be freely established betwean equals. They must be based oh existing realities and not QI legal fictions. Hence OUK objection to one of the Cypriot perties claiming the title of l Government of Cyprus,. Such a *Governmnt of Cyprus” will eventually emerge from 8 Settlenent in Cyprus, b?lt this label can in no way be used to designate the Government of either OIW of the existing tm states in the island. Another provision of resolution 649 (1990) that I wish to underline is opetatiw paragraph 5, rhich calls on the parties to refrain from ecticn that could agqtavate the situation. My Goveenment is &eply disappointed at the way the Greek Cypriots ha**e been violatinq this key provision. The representative of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cymus has been providing ample infocmation atout the actions of the Greek Cypcitots in violation of operative paraqeaph 5, and I will not go into the details once aqa in. f would Like, however, to raake cleat that as long as the Greek Cypriots continua to waqe relentless political and econamLc warfare against the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, they will ever convince anyone of their sincerity when they sit at the neqotiatinq tabh for the pUCfIOEe of establishinq 3 federation aE equals in Cyprus. At a time vtien the Berlin HalI has corn turrhltr6q ML!. Akain, Tutkey) dwn and old barriers are being swept aside everyvhere, hou cm the Greek Cypriots justify their reneved attempts, with the assistance of Greece, to stop the mdest exwrb of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprm to the European Cbmmunity? HOW do MeY justify their attempt to prevent an institution of hiqher education in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus from hmkinq Up with a European ComPuteK mtmrk @IhOSe aim 33 k0 assist academic research? The Greek Cypriots rruot review their policy of military build-up, their alandecocampaign of propagenda, their V8CiOUS blockades and embarqc!es and ask the-elves if these actions are -king a settlement based on Eederatia more likely. Me such methods a3 the 8ttimPt to LnteKnatfonali= the clUeStiOn of Cyprus tirouqh aqitetion, the creation OE aCtffiCid. tension on the islard and the use op al1 forums for attackinq the Turkfsh CYVriots raakinq tt aa8ter for the Sectetary-General to carry out his mission of good offices? Mr. Akaln, Turkey) At a time whau historical bsrriere are coming down Ln Europe and southern Africa, the Greek Cyociots should aek themtlves *tether the tim has not corn? to have a chanqe of heart. To live up ti pstagtati 5 of resolution 649 (1990) wouI.d be a 9md start. They could also take another laak at Prcsidant Denktas’ proposal for the two leaders to sign a joint declaration which in essence is a coda of condwt for the two parties tp abide by in their dealing5 with one another. If the Greek Cypiots could brinq themaelvee to negotiatinq and signing such a declaration it Gould be a psychological breakthrough in the effort5 to end the 26-year-old division of Cy~rue. The Greek Cyoriot attempl: to portray the Turkiah Cypriot leadership as beinq out of step vith ita own people has received a rude blow ae a result of the Qresihntial and prliamentary eloction5 tist took place tn the north in recent weeks. President mn&tas hm emerged w a clear @inner with the support of the overwhelming majority of his people. The GovernmaRt of Prima Minioter Eroglu will be backed by a solid majority in the Legislative Asmrably of the Turkish &~uhlCc of Northern Cyprus. Turkey is glad to support the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and its leadership in their attemDta to reach 8 fait and just solution. The Turkish Cypr tots have been the victim5 of tho terrible events that &mk place on the island in recent years. Ils the weaker psrty they are vulnerable and rhey also feel threatened. They have sbeolutely no ol.eins on their Greek Cypriot neiqhbours. All they want ie ta be left alorsb b proceed with their economic and 5ociel develo~mant within their democratic society. They have indicated their ceedinem to reach a settlement vith the Greek Cypciat5 an the basis of the @ram,ters of resolution 649 (1990) and have made oDncrete QropDsals b this end. Xt is for all these reasorm that they have Turkev’s full support. ‘ihey also dessrvo mxe backing and qteater underetandinq from aPZ peace-:ovinq me&era of the international community that want a just and laattnq aetthment in Cyprus, Mr. Aksin, Turkey) Before concluding, my eleqation wanb to place on record our continuing confidence in the Seoretary-General in the parforraancc of his gccd offices mission. We trust his senge of fair play an,1 rely on his profound knowledge of the underlying causes of the question of Cyprus. He enjoys our full support 361 he verb towards a resumption of the stalled talks. I wish al6~ t0 salute Mr. Oscar Camilibn Jlo has worked diligently and patiently tc overcome the barriers of nistrust to brinq the two sides closer. In this he has been able to count on Director Feiseel’s valuable assistance and we thank him t@. Finally, 1 wish to pay a tribute to UNFEClP, a& particularly its Commander, Major General Hilner, who bS carried out his difficult duties with impartiality 3nd high professional cornpet tence. I had intended to conclude my statement at this point. However, in the murse of the debate, tha phony issue of the so-called Turkish settlers wa8 tatsed once 3gain, and I am c~mpalled to refute what has been said on the eubject. In his repcct to the Security Council, dated 8 March 1990, dacument S/21183, the Secretary-General states that Cyprus is the cc-n homa of the Creek Cypriot community and of the Turkish Cypriot community and that their relationshiP is nut One of majority and minc~ity. The Government of Turkey subacrihes to this view of the Secretary-General and considers the respective sizes of the Turkish Cypriot and Creek Cypriot krqulations of the island as being irrelevant to the final settlemnt to be worked out by the twa pact tee fjaseaj al this position, Turkey has nc reason to attempt to alter the present demographic balence in CyDrU0. As the Secretary-General ha3 indicated in hie report, the t*a parties in Cyprus are equal regardless of their size. Turkey has never had a F~?icy of encouraging its citizens to emigrate. Those of ita citizens who leave to oettle in other countries do so by their own free Will. 10 Turkey had had a palby of altering the derroqrephic balance of Cyprus, MC. Aksin, Turkey) Turkey could completely revecse the present ratio of Greek Cyprioh to Turkish Cypriots on the island. Let it not be fccqotten that Turkey's yearly increase in ppulation is roughly double the size oP the total mprlation of Cyprus, Turkish CyPriota and Greek Cypriots co&ined. The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus has its oun immiqration policies which correspond to the requirements of its economy for manpower. I pcesum the Greek Cypriots rmst also have their wn leqislation on tc.ig subject. Just as the Turkish Cypr iota do not tell the Greek Cypriots whom they are to admit into, and whom thW are to deport feom, their country , neither can the Greek Cypriots tell the Turkish Republic of Northern Cypus what that country’s immiqration policies will b?. I noticed alao that in the wucse of the debate reference was aada to humn rights. ch the questian of human tights I should like to say ttu? followinqa the UOrSt human tights abuses in Cymrus took Place when the Turkish CypriOkS were living under colonial subjugation at the hands of the Greek Cype tots. Foe 11 Years, between 1963 and 1974, they were treated as second-class citizens, They 1 ived huddled in enclaves , refugees in their own country. Ti)eir free&m of travel was severely restricted. They were frequently denied water, electricity and fuel. Occasionally, qrnmen went on a campaqe in a Turkish Cy@rtot village or in the Tut kish quarter of a town and scores of oeople uere k iLled and maimed. The perpetrator8 Of these deeds now have the effrontery to pretend that they have human r iqhte concerns. They have the qall bD refer to the territory of the Turkish Repuhllc of Northern Cyprus , where tb citizens of that country live Ln freedom, as the Qccupiea territories". I think they should be reminded that the aqe of colonialism is gone and it will never come hack to Cyprus or anywhere else in the world. Those nembert of the Council vho want to kmw the true situation with reqard to human f iqhts in Cyprus can refer to ti plblication of the United States MP. Akain, Turkey) Department of State which I have here. it is the latest issue oP the Country Reports on Human Rights Practices and I will quote directly from WqQ 1066 Of this poblicationt -The internal political system of the Replblic of CyQrUS and the Turkish cypriot Ahtnistsstton ape am6cretic and based on free elections, and they quarantee basic human rights to their populations in both theory and practice.” We do not sqree with the )mbwls that have been attached to the tm political entities, but we certainly aqree that the statenrant itself Is unassailable. Finally, my colleaq~ and qood friend, Ambassadoe Zepos, has said 5ome rather Unkind things about my country , and with -me reluctance I am compelled to recall the reopxeibility of Greece for thy present situation= Greece has baen heavily implicated in the events that led to the division of Cyprus 26 years aqo. Greece not only encouraged but actively participated in the excesses that have yielded the bitter fruit about which it cornPlains 50 loudly today. It was Greece that engineered the caup of 1974 in &ieh MP. Sampson was installed 08 “President of Cyprus*. This notorious killer actually boasted about the nu&er of people he had murdered over the Years. In the end, even Archbishop Makarios, whose oun hands were not I+, clean, start4 to complain about the nefarious role of Greece in Cyprus and accused it of illegally occupying the I eland. I believe he did 5~ In this very Chamber. Even after the overthrow of the military r&in8 in 1914, successive GoVQPnmentS in Athans nere unable to show uls couraqe or generosity of 5QiPit to fomnt reconciliation on the island. Gn the mntrary, they have encouraqed the rnoet chauvinistic elanen& emnq the Greek Cypriots who vow tevenge and holy war against their Turkish Cypriot neiqhbours. how ironic that those who mmplafn about MC. Aksin, Turkey) the status quo as being unacceptable are the ones who ate making the Status quo unalterable. The PRESIIWAT (interpretatton f ram French) : I: thank the representative of Turkey for his kind words addressed to me. 1 Call on the representative of Greece , who has asked to speak. Hr. 2ER.B (Greece) (Interwetation from French) t I regret to take the tiw of the Council and come back to a question &ich is from time to time msed by the representative of Turkey. I haw freqwntly said that the queSttOn of the events of 1974 forms part of history , and f wish to underscore once and for all *hat has already been said. Greece summts faithfully the independence of the Republic of Cyprus. The plot rhfch took place fn 1974, carried out by a small number of military ptW%nnelr was condenrned by all oE Greece , and the leaders of that plot at present are servinq life sentences Ear havtnq led such an action against tk person of Archbishop MakariO5, President of Cyprus at the tirar,. NC. Zcpoo, Greece) That is the truth, and I wtll not accept allegations aqainst me or my country from the representatives of a country whose military presence in Cyarus is in flagrant violation of everythinq that country tries to be in ~ueope, everythin Turk* claim it defends. This caises very serious questions concernin credibility. Th@ PRESIDENT (interpretation from French) : I call on the representative of Cyprus. we. YAVElMMATIS (Cyprus) : I would Like to begin with a query. What is d state Member of the United Nations doing in the Security Council when it refuse3 to accept mandatory Security council resolutions? Whither do we 90, if that is the situation? That %ppLies to Turkey. tate in the intervention of the representative of Turkey we heard quite a lot of reference3 to guidelines and p%raqraphs of resolution 649 (1990). It was this very 86119 Security council that tmk that decision8 resolution 649 (1990) was adopted unanfrxxiely. Everybody knows why. There were three reasons. WE first Wan tie denial of the role of the Secretary-General, incltifnq his right to submit suqqestiorrs end idees; the second wm the claim thet they were a ueoplet the third W%a the claim thet they were entitled to self-determination. TO every one of them, a reply is qiven in the first operative para9caFh of that resolution. fn8teed af payinq lip setvice to ceetein pareqraphs of th8t resolution, is Turkey prepared CII this solemn occasion here and now to eff irm adherence t0 the CefXdUtiOn and to withdraw tihese three untenable claint3 they have already pit forward, which were dealt with by the Security Council resolution in ita firet o@ratiVe paragraph? If that is the case, then quite naturally that paves the way to oubetantive and constructive negotiation. They referred p3cticularly to vlolationn by Cyprus of article 5. &I pasticfpanb in the European security process, they know full well, that States car. Havrolanratia, Cyprus) parties are entitled to bring mythinq connected with the human dimension of human riqhts be&ee anotopriate ~orunx3 l And the same of course applies a fortiori to th@ United Nations. That is all that Cyprus did, and it did so because of the violati0ns by Turkey. And they will come back again to human riqhts. The only violation 0f article 5 is the continued influx of the settlers. The replies we have had ttiay are not just dishearteninq. what have we heard? The ar raqant reply by TUC key. It is alarming, and it fully justifies the action that has to be taken in this respect. Here I have a Turkish newspaper from Cyprus. ft says there are 80,000 Turkish Cypriots and 80,000 Turks from Turkey in the occupied part of Cyprus. If this is not creating an alarming situation, I do not know what is creating it. But the audacity of referrinq to Berlin! Berlin wb9 the symbol of lade 0f freedom of moverrtant. And these ace the w0Dle that convicted l&year-old youths. Nobody sentences 17-year-ol& Lo prison simply because they want to cross Over and 90 to their birthplace. Is the raoaning of the tumblinq-down of walls that we should continue the partitiocl of a small island, and forcibly keep the population Of that island apart7 If that is the maning, then they have to wsb their awn phraseology and explanation of the war ld. Human r ights. They quoted the &ate Oepac tment, and I accept it, without investigation, as one of the authorititative cesouree5. why (lo they not move on another CouPle of hundred pages and tell us what it says about Turkey? why do they not tell us whet Amnesty International says about Turkey? Vihy do they not telt US abmt the three recourses of ~yntus in the Council of arap , the European Commission of Human Riqhts, one of the m0st respected mechanisms in the field 0f human r iqht3, which has thr ice found Turkey , as a teault of the invae ion and Mr. Havromiwtis, Cyprue) occupation of Cypcus, quilty of murder , rape and denial of aLmost every riqht in the statute book? When somebody speaks about human riqhts, Turkey miqht as uell keep silent. It has neither the stature nor the moral authority to speak about human riqhts. I Vi11 not qo heyond that to thinqs that are happeninq now, because I do not cJant to pcolonq this discu55iQn. The PRESIDENT (interpretation from French)% There are no further speakers for this meeting. Before adjwrninq the m?etinq, I should Like to state the fol.lowinq. Fol,lowinq consultations arnonq the raembere of the Security Council, I have been authorized to make the Bollowinq statelaent on behalf of the Council: **a members of the Security Count il recall Security Counctl resolution 649 (1990) and other relevant resolutions. They express again their eeqret that, in the mere then 25 years since the establishment of the United Netions Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP), it has not been Possible to achieve a negotiated settlement for all aspects of the eQru5 problem. They reiterate their full sumrt for the olttent effort of the Secretery-General in cstrying out his mission of qaod offices coneerninq Cvvrus. “The members else recall the statermnt of the president of the SecUritv Council of 30 May 1990 (S/21323) on United Nations Qeace-keeping operation50 ‘phey reit+tete their view expressed in that statement that peace-keeping opetatlom must be launched and melntained on 5 Bound and secure financial basis. Thay therefore express their concern at the chronic and ever-deepening financial crisis Eacinq UNFICYP, &i described in the Secretary-GPneral.5 report and in his letter of 31 May 1990 (S/21351) addressed to all States (The Prcaide nt) Nembets of the United Nations and they support his appeal for f!fnanCial contributions which wuld enable UNFICYP to amtfnua to carry out the functtons ECC which it uas established-” The Security Council. has thus concluded the present stage of i.ts consideration of the item an the agenda. The meting rose at 5.40 p.m.