S/PV.354 Security Council

As President of the Security Council, 1 shaU reply to the representative of the United States. The rules of procedure of the Security Council do not lay down that the représentative of a country has no right to put forward bis Govern· menespointof view during bis Presidency. Tne member of the Security Council who is fulfilling the duties of President.is not deprived of that right and is entitled to state bis delegation's point of yiew and bis Govemment's position on the question underdiscussion as he may deem fit, As President of the Council, 1 replied to the representative of the United Kingdom that it was every de1egation's right to adopt whatever attitude it considered acceptable towards any· draft resolution presented to the Council for examination. Asrepresentativeof the USSI.t, 1 stated my delegation's point of view on the questions raised dpring the discussion. Asrepresentativeof the USSR, 1 shouldnow like to make a few remarks on the issues raised bypreviousspeakers at this meeting. 1 complëtely fail',to understand the arguments and· assertions of those who consider that the fundamental question, the crux ()f the whole prob. lem .of;, the -Free Territory of Trieste-..the appointmént of.a Governol'-.has no relation ta. the question 'wehave been discussitlghere .for 1 saille days, tha~ is, the question of the. violation In its statement on 10 August [346th meeting] the USSR delegation submitted a proposai to take steps for the inlmediate appointment of a Govemor of the Free Territory of Trieste. 1 repeat the USSR delegation submitted a proposai ta take steps for the immediate appointment of a Governor of the Freç Territory of Trieste. No objections were made. Each de1egation could then take part in the discussion of that proposai or not as it pleased. The delegations of the United Kingdom an<! United States took part in the discussion of this question. On 16 August [350th meeting], the United Kingdomrepresentative devoted one third of his statement in the Security Councilfour pages of a twelve-page speech-to the question of the appointment of a Governor for the Free Territory of Trieste. The United States representative devoted a . corresponding amount of attention to this question, and moreover, fully supported the United Kingdom representative's statement. The representatives of France and China did not speak on this issue, but that is their·private affair. How therefore can we say, that the question was n<lt . discussed? It was, and it could not fail to be, since any discussion connected with the problem of the Free Territory of Trieste is bound to hinge on the basic and essential question of the appointment ofa Governor. It.is perfectly dear to aIl of us that only the appointment _of a Gavernor for the Free Territory can cut the Gordian knot of this problem. Those who do Dot wish to abide by the provisions of the Peace Treaty with Italy and by the decisions on Trieste of the Council of Foreign Ministers are merely seeking 'pretexts to "prove" that the questionwas not actually discussed and has no relation to the ,matter we have been dealing with for the past few days in'the Council. To take this course is to evade thefulfilment of obligations imposed on the Security Council by the.Treaty. of Peace with Italy. It. isan attempt to·draw the" Seèurity Council into an open refusai to fulfil its important, honou!"able The .SYlîan representative's assertion that responsibility for appointing a Governor for Trieste rests with the permanent members of the Couneil al(lUC. doesnot correspond to reality. Lega1ly, such an assertion is groundless. It was true until the entry into force of the Peace Treaty ~~'ith Italy. The decision of the Council of Foreign MÎllÎsters placed the four permanent members of the Security Couneil' concerned under obligation to approve a candidate for the post of Governor. Since the entrY into force of the Treaty, however, the effective provision is article Il of Amtex VI of that Treaty, accord· ing to which the Governor shalI be appointed by the Security Council. Thus, the responsibility for appointing a Governor rests wholly with the Security Council. It is the Council as a whole, and nl)t just the permànent membeul, that is directly responsible for the fulfilment of this international obligation ~posed upon it by the Peace Treaty with Italy. 1 agree with the, representative of Syria that the question of appnintirig a Governor for the Free Territory of Trieste is one .that affects the Security Council's prestige. Thatis indeed the case. For that reason, and all the more because of il, the Council has no groun$is for evading a decision on this issue. On the contrary, the CauDeil as a whole and each member severalIy must make a point of ensuring that this impor~ tant, honourable and responsible international duty is earried out-anà the saoner, the better. Mr. PARODI (France) French): May 1 ask • • . 1 should like to Mr. VILFAN (Yugoslavia) ~ finish my statement first. Mr. PARODI (France) (translated trom French): 1 wish to raise a point of order .•.

1would ask the repreSentative of France to allow the Yugoslav representative to finil;h his speech, after wmch he can speak. 1 called upon the representative of Yugoslavia, and 1 ask mm to continue. Mr. PARODI (France) (translatèd tram French): 1 apologize for interrupting the representative of Yugoslavia. 1 wished to ask for a French interpretation in case sorne remarks of the Yugoslav representative should be addressed directly to me.

1 note that the repre:rentative of France has interrupted the Yugoslav representative's speech.' That is an unprecedented occurrence, and 1 em- . phatically protest against it. The representative of France could have made his remarks.at the end of the Yugoslav representative's speech,as is customary. The interpretation into .French will be provided. Mr. VILFAN (Yugoslavia): 1 continue. First of all 1 should like to draw the attèn,· tion of the representative of France to our ~ote. 1 gather that he did not read it to the end, and 1 even have the impression that he did not listen to our statements to the end. Point? of our note of 28 Jill'y begins: , , "The Government of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia cannot he1p but ~o;. date the.<le violations of the iiidependence of the Free Territory of Trieste With the wide1y known proposal of the three Powers to incorporate the Free Territory of Trieste into Italy, and' It perceives in these violations the plan of the· Governments of the United States of America and the United Kingdom te impose on the. SecurityCouncil, as weIl as on the States wmch signed the Peace Treaty with Italy, the fait accompli of the incorporation of· the United ·Kiugdom.;United States zone ofthe FreeTerri- 'tory ofTrieste intoItaly." 1 should like to say in this connexion that my Government would greatly welcome the early appoh,tment of such a Governor, and will do all in its power to facilitate a nomination. 1 should now like to answer very briefly the objection that the procedure of the Yugoslav Government in addressing itself to the Security Council was not correct. That argument was based on the contention that the note claimed that there had been violations of the Treaty of Peace with Italy. 1 should like to remind members of the Security Council that the violations we are discussing are not simple violations. The violations which are the basis of the Yugoslav note jeopar.dize the independence and integrity of the Free Territory of Trieste, and it is within the competence, indeed, it is the duty, of the Security Council to ensure that independence and integrity. Therefore, to discuss such violations and reach a decision regarding them is within the exclusive competence of the Security Council. In addressing its note of 28 July to the Security Council the Yugoslav Government did not foresee that the Security Council might wish to relinquish that responsibility. 1 should like to stress. just once more what 1 havealready said during the discussion, namely, that is was not by accident that the Security Council itself on JO January 1947 [91st meeting] accepted the responsibility for the independence and ,integrity of the Free Territory of Trieste. It was then the opinion of the Security Council that the independence and integrity of Trieste was of such importance that the Council was ,obliged to acceptthat responsibility. We see that today the' majority, at any rate, of the Sec~ty Council relinquishes that responsibility which is, nevertheless, connected'with its general obligations to ensure international peace' and security. Mr. ' PARODI . (France) (translated trom French): Regarding the point of ôrder 1 hâd to raisea few minutes ago, 1 think that if the President had been with usa little longer and if the represeiltative of Yugoslavia had followed ourproc.eedings for a longer period, ~ey.would ' both know'that 1 ~lli.!1e~er lacking in courtesy and that l,.never interrupt acoUeague uriless for' v~good reason. Ihad to interruPt the YQgo- ", sIav "repr~ntatiyebeCaUlle l, realizèd that,' he was rçferring ,to ,IllY ~tateinent.lthad been "deéided 'ataprevious meeting [352nd, meeting], andJ 4ad mistakenlyconcurred in the decision, ~ this proves that 1 was wrong when 1 agreed to an exception being made to the regular rules of procedure. 1 request from now on the full application of our rtgular mies of procedure, that is that French interpretations be given for àl1 speeches, even when the speaker does not represent aState member of the Security Council. Out of courtesy and to show my good will, 1 had waived this rule in order to expedite the work of the Council. But my good will should have met with similar good will, which was not the case. 1 therefore request that we now revert to our regular rules of procedure. Regarding the substance of the statement just made' by the Yugoslav representative, 1 see no need to modify or add an:vthing to what 1 said this morning. 1 never said that the Yugoslav representative from the moment he began taking part in our discussion had constantly mixed political 'questions with the technical questions forming the substance of bis first note; 1 only referred to that initial note because it was the one which determined the nature of the questionsbefore us.

. The Frènch representative's wish will be complied with. The speeches of representatives invited to meetings of the Council, can he interpreted into French. Our practice has always been that interpretèrs 'take down speeches whether ornot they are to bé interpreted into French, so that they can interpret them at any given moment. Therefore the French representative's request for interpretation might have been made: ~t the end, of the Yugoslav representative's speech ratlià'than in the middIe of it. terprétation fin fait 1 think that the question of Trieste has been discussed sufficiently. tion àJ'article premier du règlement intérieur, je mets aux soumis qui blique We have before us two draft resolutions. Let us procèed to the vote; ln accordance with rule 1 oLthe ,rules of procedure, the draft resolution submitted by., the representative of Yugàslavia and, supponed .by the representative of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic will he put to'the vote first. "Whereas, article 21, paragraph 1, of the Treaty of Peace with Italy states: 'The Free Territory of Trieste is recognized by the Allied and Associated Powers and by Italy, which agree that its Ûltegrity and fudependence shall be as.. sured by'the Security Council of the United Nations'; "Whereas, article 21, paragraph 3, of the Treaty of Peace with Italy states: 'On the termination of Italian sovereignty, the Fre~ Ter.. ritory of Trieste shall be governed Ûl accordance with an Instrument for a Provisional Regime drafted by the Couneil of Foreign MÛlisters and approvel by the Security Council'; . .: '"~' .. "The Security Council, "Having consider~d the accusationn of the Govemment of the Federal People's Republic of Yugos1avia brought before the Security Coun.. cil regarding a series of agreements of 9 March 1948 and 16 April 1948 concluded between the Allied Military Command and the Republic of Italy, '~Detennines that the above mentioned agreements are in complete ~ontradiction with the ob'Ugations undertaken by the Allied and Associated Powers and Italy Ûl respect 'of Article 21 of the Treaty of Peace with Italy and in respect to regulations in the Annexes which are part of the Peace Treaty, and consequently "Declares the agreements of 9 March 1948 concluded between the AIIied Military Command and the Republic of Italy, and of 16 April 1948reIativeto the fulfilment of the agreements made on 9 March 1948, and the postal agreement, incompatible with the status of the Free cTerritory of Trieste and, therefore, renders them nul},and void; '''Cafu' upon the Governments of the United Kirigdom and' the United States of America to takenote of this resolution andto avoid any action Ûlthe future which is contràry to the provisions of the Peace Treaty." [S/968] A vote was. taken by show of hands, as foliows: . , .ln Javour: Ukrainian. Sbviet Socialist Republie:, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Abstaining:, Arg~ntina,Belgium" C~nada, 0lûna; Co.l()mbia, ~rance, Syrla, United King.. d()D1, United States of America. The"result., of the vott.was 2,.in favour,with 9âbstentions. ,Theresolùtîon .o/as not adopted" harn'ng fai/ed' to obtain the alfirmative' votes of sevenmembers; Mr. SOBOLEV (Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Security Couneil Affairs): The draft resolution submitted by the representative of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republie reads as follows: '~Having considered the note of the Govern- 'ment of the Federal People's Republie of Yugo- slavia and "Considering that the question of the appoint- ment of a Governor of the Free Territory of Trieste has not yet been settIed, and that' the delay is making it diffieult to implement other provisions of the Peace Treaty with Italy and decisions of the Couneil of MiI1isters of Foreign Affairs of 22 April 1947, "Considers that it is urgently necessary to settle the question of the appointment of a Gov- emor of the Free Territory, of Trieste."

We now turn to another question which has been brought to m'l" attention, namely a cablegram from the Mediator, dated 18 August [8/977]. ' Are there any objections including this item in the agenda? soit sécurité? Mr.. MUNoz (Argentina): 1 have no objection, but 1 should like to ask the President until what rime, we are to continuethis meeting. 1 think it might 'be better if we were to adjoum until later in the evening or un~il tomorrow mo~g. glais): voudrais heure pense· qu'il séance ou , The PRESIDENT (translated tram Russian):' The point raised by the representative of Argen- .tion' tina is quite reasoriable. Ishould therefore like tout to ask LQe'members of the 'Council tq express membres their views as to whether we should continQ,e allons our work today or postpone it until tomorrow: nous . Doesanyone wish ta speak on this question? a-t-il' sujet? . Sir Alexander CADOGAN (United Kingdom) : " As it is not so very late coûld we perhaps open a discusSion onthisquestion' and, see whether wemight reach a decision, within a reasonable ,'time, fixing, if the Council iliC:lUght fit, some ,maxiInum' time-sayan hour hence,a.quarter to seven-'-for adjourning whether we finish the discussion of the,question or not?It seems to me t1l.at there might he a possibility ,of takingsome action, on this matter, which' 1 suppose.is.rather (trtiduitde core discussion vons tempsraisonnable"ep'fixant, approprié, heure,soit nous s.emble qu'il

Does auyone else wish to speak on this question? We had planned to complete the work of the Security Couucil by 19 August, th~t is, today. It is now suggested that we should complete our discussion on the issue raised in the Mediator's cablegram by 7 p.m. and after that hold a c10sed meèting to examine our report, to approve it and there end our work. As this is our last day, it might perhaps be advisable to work a little later so as to avoid holding a meeting tomorrow or the day after, unless there is a special reason for dÇ>ing so.

1 calI upon the Assistant Secretary-General to read out the Mediator's cablegram. Mr. SOBOLEV (Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Security Council AfIairs): The cablegram dated 18 August 1947 [S/977] from ,the United Nations Mediator to the Secretary- General concerning the present situation in Jerusalem. reads as follows: "For President of,Security Cnuncil: "1 am very concemed aboutpfesent situation in Jerusalem. Owing to. mutual distru...Gt of parties and aIso lack until now ofsufficient number of observers and transportation and despite my constant efforts and the efforts of the United , Nations observers not only hasfiringpractically never ceased in Jerusalem hut situation is gradually getting out of hand. lt is presently reported to' IÎle that general tension is mounting 10càlly. Under prevailing conditions it is difficuit to assess responsibUities and i91e to try to ascertain whi.ch of parties is more to blame. They both have come deliberatelyto ignore 1:he authority of the United Nations. The situation is at present of localcharacter the one party firing against the ather witfiotlt any alteration of positions., Neverthelessit should be borne in' mind. that further deterioration of the situation in JerusaIem 'may lead to gerieral resumption of hostilides. 1 thereforerequest that the Security Council take prompt action with a View to giving effe'ct to its resolution of 15 July [S/902]. Should pr.esent action· of Securlty ,Council take forro of wàrning 1 suggest that' itshouldclearly be pointed out toparties (l)thatresponsibility willb~" asscssed whether' violations are. due to menibers of oPFosing'armies or, to· diSsident .elemcmts or irregulars, (2) that each party has a duty t~ bring tojustice itsown dissident elenîents Mr. JESSUP (United Stat~ of America): 1 shall try ta speak very briefly on this subject, and 1 hope that in the short statement 1 make 1 can be quite non-controversial. 1 shouId like to speak on the paper which has just been distributed to the Security Couneil [S/981]. This document contains a draft resolution which is jointIy submitted by the representatives of Canada, France, the United Kingdom and the . United States of America. This draft resolution, 1 venture to hope, .can be considered non-controversial for a variety of reasons. By this 1 do not mean ta suggest that members of the Security Council may not have suggestions for its improvement. But 1 venture to think it is not controversial, in the first place, bec~use it deals with the subject of the cease-fire in Jerusalem. 1 worild remind the m~bers of the Security Council that it f'was on the paragraph on this subject in our resolution of 15 JuIy [S/~02] that the vote of the Security Council was unanimous. There was no difference of opinion among the members on the paragraph regarding the ceasefire in Jerusalem. Further, 1 think 1 am justified in saying that there is no difference of opinion between the parties concemed regarding the desirability-I may say, the necessity-of a cease-fire in Jerusalem or the protection of the Holy Places there, and for the safeguarding of life and property in that city in accordance with that paragraph of the r~olution of 15 JuIy. . ln the second place, 1 should like to point out that this draft resolution is a direct response ta the communication from the Mediator which has just been read to us. The Ifour points stated at the end of the Mediator'scablegram are divided here into five paragraphs for _convenience and for cIarity.in phrasing, but··there iS no intention to depart from the specific points in regard to which the Mediator has suggested that conclusions of the Security Council should be stated. Next, 1 should like to draw attention to the fact that, in the Mediator's cablegram, he notes that in the present circumstances it. is difficult ta assess responsibility and idle to. try tu ascertain which of the parties is more to blame.· 1 do not believe that the task of the Security Council this afternoon requires. any examination of the responsibility or blame for retent incidents in -]erusalem. Our task is, as 1 see it, to attempt, in accordance with the request of ÙJ,e Mediator, to express the firm view of the .Security Council regarding the responsibilities and duties .of .the parties in the situation now existing in the City of Jerusalem. la Mf. IGNATIEFF (Canada): The Canadian de1egation is pleased to be associated with the de1egations of the United States, the United Kingdom and. France in'submitting this draft resolu:tion. Itsintention, as the representative of the.United States has said, is not in any way to assess blame with regard to the situation reported by the MedIator, but to lend every support to the efforts which he is making on behalf of the Security COUllcil in the implementations of the Council's resolution of 15 July [8/902]. As the text of the draft resolution fully corresponds with the views expressed' by the representative 'of Canada at the meeting of the Council yestetday [352nd meeting] with regard to the urgent, necessity for the Security Council to lend every support to the Mediator, the Canadian de1egation is very happy to be associated with it and' expresses the hope thatthe Security Council, in' lending support 'to the Mediator, will do so by adopting this draft resolution with ·unanimitY. Ml'. Hsu '(China): The Chinese de1egation supports this draft resolution. This resolution contains the rules which the Mediator requests for the maintenance of the. troce. As the troce is designed for the maintenance of peace, if we do not have these roles governing the truce, there will be no peace. Therefor~ mydelegàtion is ready indeed to support this draft resolution. .. In supporting this draft resolution my, de1ega-" tion' aL..d, l,am •sure, all the representatives on the Secvrity Council,are not forgetful of a more important phase of.the problem.As l have said, these roIe... are for·the·maintenance of the truce, and the troce is for the maintenance ofpeace. But if apeace has no object, then itîs not a very'd<:sirablekind of peacè. Peace by'itseH does not meanvery mucb.. If peace is maintained in ....... orderto.,aUQw ,.asituation tg deteriorate" that .. peateis notverydeSirable. But if, 'on theother . hand, M,a resultofthat ~ace, the problemcan be solved peacefully, then it is a very· desirable peace. In~e S~curity Council'sresolution of.15 July ,there is this passage: CCThe Security Council. • • _ cclieiterates the appeal to the partiescontained in the lastparagraph of its resolution of 22 May [Sj773] and urges upoll.the.Pllrtïes th~t they -~~ - -------------- co~pnuecon,:ep;~tioIlS.with tÎlé Mediato~ in.&. .·spmt .oif conciliationandmutual.. concessIOn' m order that allpoints under dispute may be: tous "Calls upon aIl parties concerned to facilitate by all means in their power the task of the United Nations Mediator appointed in executian of the resolution of the GeneraI Assembly of 14 May 1948."1 soumis SUi In supporting the draft resolution that has been laid before the Security Council 1 should like to calI the attention of the parties concerned in the Palestine problem to these two provisions in the Council's resolutions. Ml'. EBAN (Israel): 1 share the view of the representative of the United States that the substance of this proposal is not controversial and that the adoption of this resolution fulfils an obvious need arising out of the situation in Jemsalem. Ishould like to make onespecific comment on the draft resolution [8/981], a com,. ment which refers to sub-paragraph (d) 'which states: . pense, que sujet prévaut marque ce sous représailles ou . "No party is permitted to violate the truce on the ground that it is undertaking reprisaIs or retaliations against the other party." As it reads, thatsub-paragraph might be taken to mean that if, notwithstanding the passage of this resolution, a party is attacked, it would have to sit by and sustain the attâck in peace. 1 should iike to draw attention· to the Mediator's ruIing on the limits of legitimate defenceif either party is attacked. That ruling is to be found in paragraph 4, page 3 of document 8/955, andit-reads as follows: pris tion de elle cune tion ce au attaque. graphe texte: "If one party finds itself under unprovoked attack, it should limit its se1f-defence to operations necessary to repulse such attack pending action by United Nations observers. Such observers shalI recalI to the parties concerned the terros' ofthe truce. Any refusal. to comply with these· tenns, .particularly .by refUsing to issue a cease-fire order or to take the necessary measures indicated by the observers for putting an end to the breach of the truce, shall oe reportedby the observers. Whatever thè result of operations taque time nécessaires la des aux Ilsdispositions, cessez-le-feu saires -à tat défense, le o.=J~~gertaken in self-defence,the status quo fl.ll..te shalI bé restored." . l should like to a'!k·the proposern of this resolution whether l am correct in understanding -that· this l'uling, which is the Mediator's ruling, still stands under the terms of· the draft resoh- -tion no~proptIsed. .. .. ---:' .', - - .,:-;"- - ( - l have one further remllik to makewithreference to the message wmch the Mediator hatlsent ta. the Security CouncH;in which he' draws .attentionto the difficu'[t;y~,or perhaps the futility, of .attempting to. asses.s; responsibility Pl' blame. de -cette jours encours message de oupeüt-être qui .Mr. JESSUP (United States of America): Inasmuch as 1 had the privilege of speaking on this resolption first, 1 should like to reply to tht: question posed by the representative of Israel. My understanding of his statement is that it is correct in the sense that sub-paragraph (d) of thls resolution is not inconsistent and would not ilierefore in'any way conflict witli paragraph 4 of the truceinstructions [8/955]. Mr. MANUILSKY (Ukrainian Soviet Soeialist Republic) (translatedfrom Russian): My question is addressed to the President, and 1 :un .afraid it may be rather longer than usual. It is as follows: This is not the first time we have ,discussed the truce in Palestine nor the first time we have adopted resolutions. Everyone knows that the Ukrainian delegation has always' stood for the establishment and maintenance of the truce and will continué to do so. But a question arises in connexion with this resolution. A Mediator' appointed by the Security Council and the General Assembly has been on the spot for several months~ AlIhis irequests t9the Security Council were met. He asked for means of traIisport and received them. He asked for ,liaison personnel and it was ,sent' oùt to him. Heasked for ·rnaterial facilities in general, and these too were placed at bis disposal. AlI his requests, whatevèr they were, met with support. The UkraWan delegation, and, as far ~.1 can re1llember, the USSR delegation, did not oppose this, but abstamed. , , But what are'we ta thirtknowthat the repre- "",sentative of the ~eccirity Council and the Gen- ""<~.eral.ASsemblyhas been there for severa! months? What are we tothink ofhiscablegraùl? 1 wish to·,usethe mildest possible teons,'butlt definitely revealS the ineffieiency of the Mediator who had ,the confidence of. the majority of the Seêurity C:ouncil.A,ndnow we areasked to adopt yet another resollition.- Themajorit)v may pass'such a resolution, but tshouldliketo ~k the President what results it will yield; . . sera Je sommes trêve en Palestine. The President or perhaps the .&...~istant Secretary-General may be able to en1ighten me. Is the resûlution regarded as a measure which may at long last establish a truce in Palestine? formuler dent réponde. Thase were the doubts which 1 wanted to state 'and which 1 should like the President to answer. aux je mis question parties actes dividus sous actes une hostilités sens de cette résolution.

, In. reply to the Ukrainian representative 1 shodd like to say that the draft resolution submitt,~d ta tue Security Council rÇ1ates to a 'particular ~"estion. It states that' each party would be responsible for the actions of the indiviliu~ ,or groups on its temtory 0(' under its authority to'enstife that their actions do'not violate the truce or lead to a situation that would fesult in a resumption of military operations in Palestine. That is how 1 interpret this resolution. As regards the Palestine problem as a whole, it goes without saying that it cannot be solved by this resolution or any number of other similar resolutions. semble, une raient le résoudre. Since no one eIse wishes to speak, 1 5haIl make a few obseIVations as representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. je représentant listes soviétiques. The USSR delegation regards the question raised by the Mediator before the Security .Council as an attempt to solve the proble~ sition diateur.tend les groupes _d'individus trêve. ,Conseil ou des ar~ing'from the actions of individuals or groups who might violate the truce" or encourage' ifS violation. The' USSR delegatton believes that the Security Council should adopt a suitable i'esolution or issue a warning to the parties involved in Palestineso that the Governments and .authorities concerned may estàblish the netessary fJupervision over individuals or groups whose actions might contribute to a violation of the , truce ana., a resu!llption of militaryoperations. The USSR delegation believ~ that this question, whichis covered by the first two subparagraphs of the résolution (a) and.(b), :s the main issue raised bv the Mediator before, the Security Council.'As"regards sub-paragraph (c), the USSR delegation beFeves that by,adopting suchaparagraph the f.eçurity Council would beinterfering in the domestic,affairsofthe States to wmch this' resùlution is addressed. The, States wmch, ,have'undertaken to fulfil the' SecQrity Council's,decision on the cessation ofmilitary 'operations in Palestine, and on the 'maintenance ofpeaceandorder," as wellas on the pacifie settIémentof<:lisputes, will certainly l~ actes risquent èt tif adressée des Quailt d'avis interviendrait Etats cation 0" n:~ qu'à évident qu'ils réprimander· vidus· b~ able tofind ways.'andmeans tô punishand calt-to:>Grd~ror -,br.sng. to justicetlïe~dividuals or groups, whose acti9ns' mightcontribute to The USSR dclegation believes that ü the Security Council adopted sub-paragraph (c) it would·amount.to a violation of paragraph 7 of Article 2 of the United Nations Charter) which states: "'Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any -State or shall require the Members to submit such matters to settlement under the present Chcuter." In view of this, the USSR dclegation is unable to support this paragraph. - As far as sub-paragraph Cd) is concerned, it . is covered by the Mediator's instructions, and could therefore be omitted from the resolution which it ooly weakens since this and all previous resolutions adopted by the Security Councilthose of 29 May and 15 June,-contain a finn and categorical demand to cease fire and to observe the truce. Consequently) the very idea of the violation of the truce as. contained in subparagraph (d) is inadmissible. The Security Couneil has already on two occasions called for a cease-fire and the observance of the truce. The USSR dclegation. believesthat such a paragtaph sh(ld,d not be inc1uded in the resolution. & regards su~paragraph ,(e), it is quite obvious from previous Security Council decisions that measureS havebeen taken to prevent either side from gaining an advantage by observingthe tnIce) let aloneby violating it. The .conditions imposed upon both parties in this connexionare set forth more fully in the Council's earlier decisions. _ - ._ In the light'of these considerations, the USSR. _dclegation· is of the'opinion that this draft resolution COt!ld be lliuited to the first two para-' gtap~ th9.tis, sub-paragraphs (a) and (b). ' . - Sir Alexander ,CADOGAN (United.Kingdom) :;. As- • one of the sponsors of-the clraft -resolution. now before the Security Council, 1 wasglad to hear, th~. rresident indicate that, i,11 general' he welcomed .the resol~tion. 1 listened to thecriti';' cisms whith'hesubsequently made of· certain, paragraphs,and I. wonder ..whether he reaUy: ,,attaches vel'ygreat value 4 0 them. - _ Hisfirstcriticism concernedsub-paragr~,ph! '(c),which reads: '-.- .. . '.'Eachpartyh~~the obligation to bPng te: speedr,.trial,ancl inc~ ofconvictionto punish-: ment a,ny and allpenions within their jûrisdk;. ti~n-whoareÙ1volved in a·breachofthe _'truce." "Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially witlùn the do~ mestic jurisdiction of any State . . .u 1 hardly think that recalling, in a resolution of this kind, the obligation which lies upon the authorities and Governments concerned to do something is really intervening. The Security Coundl is not proposing, or even hinting, that it will intervene and attempt to meet our punishment to any individuals' or groups that are guilty·of evading this obligation; ln regard ta sub-paragraph (d), the President pointed out, nqt incorrectly, that it is a repetition. But 1 aÎnafraid we do have to resort to that occasionally. In more than. one èase we have adopted resolutiom which do no more than repeat and reinforce .resolutions previously takel'1; 1 think such action adds to the force of those previousresolutions. .The President said further in regard to subparagraph (d) that it was perhaps undesirable ta mention, as that sub.paragraph did, even the ' possibility of a violation of the truce. But subparagraph (b), which the President has approved, already does that. lt states: "Each party has the obligation ta use all means at its disposaI ta prevent action violating the·truce ..." 1 do· not thinktherefore that the President's objection ta sub-paragraph (d) is conclusive. Finally, in regard to sub-paragraph '(e) , 1 . think that it does perhaps add somethir;tg new. 1 am not·quite sure whether or not the President wishes ta exclude that sub-paragraph. However, in regard ta the whole draft which my delegation, together. with other delegations, submitted, 1 do wish ta point out, as was pointed out by the l'epresentative of the United States in introducing the resolution this afternoon, that it reany follows almost exactly what the Mediator has asked us ta dQ. It is based on bis wcirding and it covers the points that he madé. 1 do not think it introduces otherpoints. 1 do think that .the Mediator whom the Security Council has appointed, and upon whom it has laid ~o very grave and heavy aresponsibility, should be supported. If he thinks that this will help him, inmy opinion it is oruy fair that: we should do what he. asks. The representative of the Ukrainian Soviet SocialistRepublic seemed to think. that thisresolutionwas ;I,ISel~, but the Mediator does not seem tô tbink so. If he appeals to US to do this and we fail to do it, what will beour ppsitioni! He thinksthis will help' him strengthen iW; hiI;td and improve the.. chances. of peace. Th2refore, tiriless therè is a.ny very' strong objec- . Mahmoud Bey FAWZI (Egypt) ~ As has already been stated, the draftresolution presented by the i"epresentative ofthe United States is an ariswer or, perhaps, an attempt at an answer to the Mediator's call for help. The Mediator was, naturally, expeeted ta go ta Palestine and ta do bis work for the ca~e of peace. The Arabs and the Arab States are quite entitled to recognition for the fact that they have been doirlg everything in their power ta help.the Mediator in bis wode for peace. We try to realize how difficwt bis task is and to make it less difficwt if we cano Many-obstacles, however, have stood in our wày. 1 do not intend ta embark upon mi enumeration of those obtacles, and 1 only want ta ·stress the williilg help we have given ta the , Mediator in bis work. 1 am sure that the-Mediator himself would. testify to that. Only a few moments ago 1 leainedthat His Majesty the King of' Egypthas been graclously pleased to place !\VA of bis aeroplanes at the disposaI of the Mediator in order further ta facilitate bis task. But if peace is to be attained this task must be helpedfroïI1all quarters. We doubt ~at it is sa hleped. W~ doubt, from the shape and substance which this so-called ·peace is takin& whether it will end as weIl as we hoped it would if eertain infiltrations and the .flow of contra- >1>and goodscontinue as, they have lmtil now. 1 fully subscribe'to what the representative of China told ·the·Council a few moments aga with regard to the·kind of peace we showd see. In t1üs connexion, instead of èriticising and analysing certain parts of the United States resolu~ tion to tao great!ID extent, 1 want to say most :respectfully that. it has erred mostly cn the side of omission. ..-, 1 notice, for examplé, that at the end of subparagraphc(e}the resolution states .that "no party isentitled togain military orpolitical ad':' vantage'throughviolation of the truce". The Arabs ha'Ve proved and they maintain that during the first truce and 'thl1 second the Zionists have been benefiting and gaining a great deal. in the' way of military advantage. We have bmught this ta the attention of the Mediator and the SecurityCouncilmanytimes, but so far notliliig>practical hag'béen done about it. InfiItr.ationand the flow o{-contiabandgoods con- " Mue. '"' -' . '0 l'idé<" vaux permettre tandis de leurs foyers, se trouvent exposés l'hiver menter This afternoon 1 even heard it suggested tbat the Council was to wind up its business tonight for quite ~ while--perhaps for u~ to sit and relax, while those people to whom 1 have referred are driven from their homes, deprived of security and exposed to all·· kinds of' sickness while winter·is rapidly approaching to multiply ,their.sufferings. Uni hier, aussi, mais d'observer pour la mier tions . de le gâchis, l'ont et The other day the representative of the United Kingdom spoke at lengt..q on this matter, and yesterday the repr.esentative of l3elgium expressed himself favourably as regards our duty in connexion therewith, but the Security .council as a whole has contimied to maintain an apathetic attitUde, and this goes for the whole of the United Nations. 1 consider that the condition of these displaced Arabs is most essentian:; t.b.~~doing ~f the United Nations and the result of certain meddling fro~. outside. In fact l may rJay that the wbole history of the Palestine ql,lestion has been messed up because of this meddling which did not allow the question to take a natural, logical or just course. Are we' going to separate after merely passing a lukewarm resolution such as the one before the Security Council? Are we goÎng to· sit back comfortably in our homeswith nothing at· all done for those people who are displaced from their land, which they have occupied for countless generations,for count1<"-SS ages? . avoir comme nous foyers d~ rations, l asked yesterday [352nd meeting], as 1 have asked many times before: Are these people entitled to· Our attention? Are they entitled to .retum to their homes? 1 pleaded for an ansWer and none has come. If we wind up afIairs here iIi·the Security Council for quite a while, leaving tbese people in their present state, we mayas well wind UT)·the whole bUsiness; we mayas weIl, pa(· IIp and go home. je étaient étaient instamment v~. Conseil laissant ment, faire sonne The PRESIDENT (translated trom Russian).: If 'no one eIse wishes to speak, let us proceed to t4e vote. lt has been suggested that we should first vote on the whole of the::first part of the resoln..: tion up to and including sub-paragraph (b) and then •on the remaining three points paragr~ph byparagraph. mière b de .résolution. 1 call upon the Assistant Secretal'Y':.General to read t..'I:le 'draft resolution. .. . Mr. SOBOLEV (Assistant Secretary-Generalin ,..charge of Security Couneil Mails): The dralt "fêsolution on the Palestine question [8/981], up de "Taking into account communications from the Mediator concerning the situation in Jerusalem, "Directs the attention of the Governments and authorities concerned to the resolunon of the Security Couneil of 15 July 1948 [S/902], and "Decides pursuant to its resolution of 15 July 1948, and so informs the Governmentsand 'authorities concerned, that: "(a) Each party is responsible for the actions of both regular and irregùlar forces oper.... ating under its authority or in territOlY under its control; "(b) Each party has the obliga~onto use all means at its dispo~al to prevent action violating the Truce by irtdividuals or groups who are subject to its authority or who are in territory under its control;" . A .vote WflS taken by show of hands, as }ollows: in. favour: Argentina, Belgium, Cànada, Colombia, France,. Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic,. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, United States of America. Absttzining: Syrla. Mr. SOBOLEV (Assistant Secretary..;General ID chargeoi SecurityCouncil Affairs): Sub-para- graph (c) reads as ~ollows: "(c) 'Each party h?s the obligation to bririg ta .speedy trial and in case of conviction tp' punishment, any and an ·persons within their. jurisdiction who are involved in a breach of the .truce;" . In favour: Argentina, Belgium, Canada, China,Colombia, FraÎlce, United Kingdom, United States of America. Abstaining: Syria, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Soci~list Republics. Sub~paragraph (c) was adopted by 8 votes, with 3 abstentions. Mr..SoBoLEV (l.....~istant Secretary-General in charge·of geeurity Couneil AfIairs): Sub-para- graph (d) reads asfollows: A vote was taken by show of hands, as fol- lows: ln fauour: Argentina, Belgium, Canada, C...ina, France, United Kt')gdom, United States of America. Abstaining: Colombia, Syria, Ukrai,nian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Chine, socialiste publiques Sub-paragraph (d) was adopted by 7 votes, with 4 abstentions. chargé duit Mr: SOBOLEV (Assistant Secretary-General in chàrge of Security Council Affairs): Sub-para- graph (e) reads as follows: "(e) No party is entitled to gain military or , "itical advantage through violation of the 'mce." des violations'de A vote was tuken ~y show of hands. as fol- lows: ln favour: Argentina, Belgium, Canada, China, Colombia, France, United Kingdom, United States of America. . Chine, Unis d'Amérique. viétique cialistes soviétiques. Abstaining: Syria, Ukrainian Soviet Sodalist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Sub-paragraph (e) w~,adopted by 8 votes, with 3 abstentions. qu'il tion 'dans son ensemble.

1consider that there is no need to vote on the resolution as a whole. Je vient de dire le Président, de je ce Mt. EL-KHoulU (Syria): 1 do not wish to speak on the pornt mentioned by the President; namely that there is no need to vote on the draft resolution as a whole, but 1 wish to explain why 1 did not vote in favour of othis resolution. In thefirst place, 1 opposed the resolution which was adopted on 15 Julv ru the second qui,fut place, this resolution contaJ'lf. n:;thiiig about rés01,ùtion ,refugees nor about the demiliL""" ;.:::' don of Jemréfugiés salem, both of which points thè Mediator asked questions ta have taken into_consideration, and 1 consider toutes !hat'these two poînts are essential to the presersont vatiQn of the truce and ta anyfinal" peaceful tien adjustmeiit of the future situation in Palestine. et These t'Wo matters have not been diScussed by Le the Security Counciland no reference is made to questions'et them in theresolution. The paragraphs in 'this résolution-, draft resolution' niaybe useful, but they leave résolution outessential matters which were not diScussed ,les and which the Council did not vlÎsh todiScuss. cutéeset For this reaSon 1 could notVote in favour of C'est this draft 'resolutioil. faveur-du projet de résolution. ~~'rhe PRESIDÉNT (translated fr<Jm Russian) ': Should we have aninterval of halfan -hour or d'exa.n:ri.nerà hUis f0rtr'ininùtes, ()fof,'ohehour atmost,before :sécurité,nou$ pourrions suspendre 'nolding'the closed meeting toexamine' the "une Mr. Hsu (China): 1 should lik'e to know what.is going to be done with the cable from the Mediator dated 19 August [S/979]. In this document the Mediator reports· a certaiu situation and ends by saying: . ' "Under these'conditions 1 wish to inform you that 1 have serious doubts whether demilitarization can be obtainel;l in the near future," , '1 wonder whether we are simply going to acceptthis information, or whether we should not reply and.urge the Mediator, to redouble his efforts. What prompts me to ask this. question is thàt the reason givcil for the Mediator's doubts . does no~ seem to be a very sound one. In bis cablegram, there is a passage which reads as follows: "In my opinion,. this is due more to political reasons relating future status of Jerusalem than to mere military,considerations regarding present conflict." .In regard to "political l'easons relating future status of Jerusalem", 1 wish to say that the resolutionof 15 July 1948 [S/9P2] reads in part: "[nstruets the Mcdiatorto continue bis efforts t6 bring about the demilitarization of the Cîtyof Jerusalem, without prejudice to the future political status of Jerus::ùem ...". . That being the case, politic~ reasons should not be the grounds on which the,Mediator.bases bis serio~s doubtsand makes bis,J;eport to the Security Council. The question of the demilita!'Î- zation of Jerusalemis, ofc01J1'Se, animportant ~qu.e~on.. Howurgent is the demilitarization? 1 ;donot .know.Perhaps the representati'Ve, of '":';::"~Franè:ewillbeable to teUus betause,'ifJ under- :,· ... stand correçt1y.,this proVision in the resolution of 15 July was introduced Inainly to take care of hisspecial interestsintheproblem. Assuming ~atcl~tarization of Jerusalemis a.n .urgent matter, 1 think we shocld at least .'reply to ,the ~ediator. and tell mm·to redouble his efforts. i!lspite of the difficulties. Mter alI, .the·task he hasundeqakeliis .•a. very difficwt one inalI it.. ISpects; and. it does notseem right, if illY. interpretation. is ,correct, forhim to report (m the basis that"this ~ due more topolitical reasons relatirig futurestatusof JeruSalelll than tOJJlere mil.itary considérations regardingpresentsons conflict".If there is no necessityfor making'a reply tothe Mediator, 1 shouldIiketoreceive assuratlce of that fact: • , The 'fRE~lDENT (tramlatedfrom Russi4n): ltbinkthe,.Chineserepresentative was,. righttll drawtheSeçurityCounçil's attention to this çablegram.•1 should like.to. point out·that the.Iséçurité 1 dü not .exclude the possibility that we may have te. examine this questicm in the near future. If the Couneil is ready to discuss it now, we might exchange views. 1 should like to know what the Couneil thinks. question pas sont pourrons sujet. vouloir bien se prononcer Mr.. PARODI (France) (translated from French): 1 think that the representative of China is right in suggesting that we should answer this cablegram. représentant que Palestine ronné nécessaire quoi gramme élément être sant exemple, à résultat quels In my opinion, the Mediator has done very important wQrk in J.lalestine and it has been erowned vl'ith considerable success. The Security Council must support him with the full weight of its authority in every way possible. Conse- . quently, 1 feel that this cablegram should not be considered mere1y as an informative report. 1 think the President of the Council might cable the Mediator acknowledging receipt of his message and stating that the Council relies on him to continue doing bis utmost in a field to which it attaches the greatest importance. 1 think that this suggestion could be adopted without much discussion and that, to a certain extent .at least, it would meet the points raised by the representative of China. The' PRESIDENT (translated trom Russian) ~ Shall we instruct the Secretariat to draft a cablegram and then d!scuss it, or shall we leave it .entire1y to the Secretariat to draft a suitable text. . Mr. Hsu (Chnia): 1 must apolQgize for in.:. tervening: again, but since we are to wind up our work 1 think 1 should. express my sentiments concerning this particular question. 1 was very much moved by the plea made by the representative of Egypt concerning refugees. What 1 want to say is that-.although 1 may be wrong on tbis and would we1come correction if Iam-- 1 do not be1ieve' that the situation is as disas;'. trous as the representative of Egypt made it appear. 1 understand-and again my informa., tion may be at fault-that several Governments are working very hard in an endeavour to find sorne means of solving the problem. . tée texte D,1'excuse je par l'Egypte treux - There is 'a second consideration. Although we ~re to adjourn now that does not mean that we shall not meet again if there is an emergency or if any country should find sorne means of solving this problem.

Docs anyone wish to comment on the Chinese representative's remarks? Mahmoud Bey FAWZI (Egypt): It seems to be suggested that the Security Council should leave the matter in abeyance until something happens or untU the General Assembly, not necessarily at the beginning of its session but perhaps later during the session, finds it fit and praper to begin considering this matter of the Arabs displaced from their homes. 1 wîsh first of all ta thank most sincerely the representative of China for his expression of sympathy for those Arabs. 1 also wish to thank him Ior expressing something in which 1 too believe, namely the essential link between the question al the displaced Arabs and the whole question of Palestine. It is not merely a humanitarian matter; it is humanitarian and also political. It is a matter of peace and stability, and above all that it is a matter of justice. It is a matter of justice as civilized humanity has always known it and of justice as the Charter has exprcssed it and guaranteed it. This question of displaced Arabs unfortunately completes the trinity of travesties in the whole matter of Palestine. The Arabs of Palestine have been called aggre.ssors, whereas 1 think any fair-minded· person can see now they are very much the victims of brutal and shameless aggression. The Arabs of Palestine are not represented here at .the meetings of the Security Council for reasons which l have explained before, while people who are mostly not Palestinians are represented, by a non-Palestinian at that, in connexion with the question' of Palestine, without being members of the Security Council. Then cornes the last one of the trinity of travesties in connexion with the question of Palestine. The Arabs who have been hosts to so many Jews who were persecuted and driven out during the rime of Hitler and before-'and in this connexion 1 would mention that the word ,pogrom does not happen to come from Arab countries, it cornes from elsewhere-the Arabs who have been hosts to so many persecuted Jews, and who were wiIling hosts centuries aga -I admit they were not such willing hosts later on, but they have been peaceful hasts-are now chased out. The people who have taken refuge in their country are the very ones who have driven their hosts away from their homes.

1 propose that we consider the next matter before us as we agreed to, and that we proceed ta Conference Room 5 ta continue our work in closed session. As regards the question raised by the Chinese representative and supplemented by the representative of Egypt, the Security Council has agreed that a meeting may be called in New York between 19 August and 1 September on any urgent question or in the event of sorne concrete proposaJs being submitted in connexion with questions now under discussion in the Council. qu'il New-York d'une qui font l'anglais): nous de sentant de que le blème tant été manderait ressés taires Mon ment certains côté, mune, près le sité urgente une sonnes du vée duire enquête de a ce organismes question vi': Mr. LAWFORD (United Kingdom): l would suggest one step which might. be taken tonight on the second matter raised by the representarive of China. l would first recall the speech of the United Kingdom representative on 2 August [343rd meeting] on this problem of refugees which the Chinese representative raised. As a result of that discussion it was ~greed by the Security Council . that the Governments and authorities concerned should be asked to provide further information on the various aspects of the refugee problem. In the near future my Govemment will submit to the Council in writing certain details and figures showing what it, for its part, has done to shoulder its share of this common burden, but l should like now to urge that the Security Council should not lose itself in the ramifications of the problem before taking action. The need for relief is clear and urgent, and it is no less clear that, if it does not come soon to both Arab and. Jewish displaced persons, the Security Council's task in Palestine will be to that extent aggra· vated. We do not need many figures or much . investigation to prove this, and 1 should like to submit that the expressions of concem with this problem which have already beeri heard in the Security Council are sufficient to indicate the Council's interest to the other international organs which are active in this field. l would therefore suggest that the record of the Council's discussions on this subject hitherto . should be at once transmitted ta such bodies for any action they may be able to take. délai au ces à sont sentant " The PRESIDENT (translated trom Russian):' What organizations does the representative of the United Kingdom have in mind?

1 take it there are no objections tothe proposal of ilie United Kingdom reprt"..sentative, although it does not, of course, offer a solution to the Palestine problem. lHREE HUNDRED ~AND .FIFTY-FIFrH MEETING Held at Lake Success, New York, on Tkursday, 19 August 1948, at 8.30 p.m. President: Mr. J. MALIK (Union :Jf Soviet Socialist Republics). Present: The representatives of the following countries: Argentina, Be1gium, Canada, China, Colombia, France, Syria, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, United States of America. 215. Official cc)mmuniqué "The Security Council he1d its 355th meeting on 19 August in private and considered its draft report to the General Assembly. Observations were made on the amendment submitted by various delegations. Mter sorne discussion, the Council approved the whole report, subject to the unanimous agreement of a sub-committee compo...~d of representatives of France, the . Ukrainian Soviet 80cialist Republic3 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United King- dom and the United States on the corrections presenttd by them in the course of the meeting of the Couneil. "The sub·committee met on 20 Augu.c;t ~t 4 p.m. and unanimously approved the corrections to the report." AUSTRALIA-AUSTRAUE H. A. Goddard Pty. Ltd. 255a George Street SYDNEY, N. S. W. FINLAND--IINLANDE Akateeminen Kirjakauppa 2, Keskuskatu HELSINKI BELGIUM-BELGIQUE Agence et Messag~riea de la Presse, S. A. 14-22 rue du Persil BRUXELLES FRANCE Editions A. Pedone 13, rue SOlURat PARIS, V· GREECE--GRECE "Eleftheroudakis" Librairie internationale Place de la Constitution ATHÈNES BOLIVIA-BOUVII Librer' .• Cientifica y Literaria Avenida 16 de Julio, 216 Casilla 972 LA PAZ GUATEMALA José Gouhaud Gouhaud & Ciao Sucellor Sa Av. Sur No. GUATEMALA CANADA nixe RyersonP!e.s 299 Queen Street Welt TORONTO CHILE-CHiü Edmundo Pizarro- Merced 846 SANTIAGO HAITI Max Bouchereau Librairie UA la Boîte postale 111·B PORT-AU-PRINCE CHINA-CHINE The Commercial Press Ltd. 211 Honan Road SHANGHAI INDIA-VNDE Oxford Book Scindia House NEWDIi:Lm COLOMBIA-COLOM8IE Libreria Latina Ltda. Apartado Aéreo 4011 BOGOTA. IRAN Bongahe Piaderow 731 Shah Avenue TEHERAN COSTA RICA-COSTA-RICA Trejos Hermanos Apartado 1313 SAN JosÉ IRAQ......IRAK Mackenzie & Mackenzie The Bookshop BAGHDAD CUBA La Casa Belga René de Smedt O'Reilly 455 LA 1IABANA LEBANON-LfBAN Librairie universelle BEYROUTH CZECHOSLOVAKIA- rCHECOSLOVAQUIE F. Topic Narodni Trida 9 PUEA l' LUXEMBOURG Librairie J. Schummer Place Guillaume LUXEMBOWlG DENMARK--DANEMARK 'Einar Munskgaard Norregade 6 1{JOBENHAVN NETHERLAND5-PAYS-BAS N. V. Martinus Lange Voorhout S'GRAVENHAGE DOMiNiCAN R5PUBLlC- REPUBLIQUE DOMINICAINE Libreria Dominicana Calle Mercedes No. 49 Apartado 656 CIUDAD TRUJItoLO NEW ZEALAND- NOUVEL1i·ZELANDE Gordon & Gotch, Waring Taylor WELLINGTON ECUADOR-EQUATEUR Mufioz Hermanos y Ci~. Nueve de Octuhre 703 Casilla 10-24 GUAYAQUIL NICARAGUA Ramiro Ramirez Agencia de Puhlicaciones MANAGUA, D.