S/PV.360 Security Council

Before we address oUI"Selves to itoday's business, perhaps 1 ought to It'ell the Security ,Council that in compHance with :the resolUitJon Wlhich it adùpted the other day [358th meeting], the Secretal'y-General and 1 went ito Stockholm toattend the tuneral of Count BernadoUe, which took place -ou Sunday, and to Depœ- "P1ease acce;pt and convey Lo the Security Cound1 my sincexe thanks and appreciation fo: your kitnd mes5age of condolence on the tragic de'alh of Count Bernadotte." 3. Adoption of the agenda

1 would add that just befol'e this meeting~ 1 was approached by the Bulgarian Milllster in Paris, who informed me that he had received iustruCiLions from his Government to ask that item 4 on today's agenda regaTdïng the appLication of the tlulgarian Government for m~mbel'slüp in :the United Nations he withdrawn for the moment and postponed for a few days, possilily to he taken up at a meeting some lime nexlt week. Therefol'le, if the Soourity Council agrees, only two items will remain on our agenda for :loday: one being the Hyderabad question, and the other the participation of Switzed~nd in the Internatiollial COUTlt of Justice. Unless 1 hear any ,comment or objection, 1 shall assume that the Security Council approves the agenda with Ithe dele'tion of Hem 4. Ml'. VAN LANGENHOVE (Belgium) (translated {rom French) : 1 would lime to comment on the wording of item 3 of the provisional agenda, which was inc1uded as a resuH of the Belgian delegatic:m's letter [8/969], da:ted 12 August, to tbe President of the Security Council. The Belgiaoll delega'tion's proposaI i8 g.enieral in its scope; it i5 not restrided tu Switzerland,as the present wording in the provisional agenda would seem to indica~e. T,hat is why 1 wJsh to propose tha;t for this item the following wording ·should he adopted, a wordi'ng which is identical with t~at of Article 4, paragra'Ph 3, of the Statute of the Interna,tional'Court of Jus'tice: la The ?RESIDENT: 1 think the Securily Council wiH agree that Ithe heading proposed by the representative of Belgium certainly puis ithe question more exactly. As there is no obJection~ 1 take it that the wording which has been suggested is acce,p;ted. The agenda was adopre.d as amended. 4. 4. Communications from the Government of Hyderabad to the 5ecurity Courlcil (5/986, 5/998, SII000 and S/1011). reçu Le par adressée néral. reçu dans Nizam Le du que antérieures la j'appellerai tances tants doutes. d'ouvrir j'aurais de deux Toutefois, doutes pouvoirs je à demande dans sentant à Htre des

The members of the Securi'ty CouncÏl will have received certain documents, notably S/1011 -and S/1015, bearing on this question. Document S/1011 contains the text of a teloegram addresSied ,to the Secretary-General by the Nizam of Hyderabad, in which he gave the text of a lett,er whioh he had addressed on that date to the Secootary-General. This morning, the Secretary-General receiv.ed the signcd original of that lette:r:, wh1ch is in exactly the terms given in the Nizam's telegram in document S/1011. Document 8/1015 is a note from the leader of the Hyder-abad delega1tion which w.as re;pl'leseilllbed here at our former meetings. From these documents, the Security Council will hav·e seen that there may be some doubt, in the p:velSent drcums;tances,as to what l would call ·the validity of the credentials of thie representatives of Hyderabad. In the normal course, befo:r.e opening the discussion on this question, with the consent of ,the Security Council, l should have invited the rep:vesentatives of the two parUes ta come to the table. Befoœ 1 do that, however, in view of the doubt which has bee.ncast on the credeuti.als of the :vepresentatives of Hyderabad, 1 would ask the Security Couneil to consider that particular point, and 1 should likie to ask the membelrs w4etherthey think that, in these circumstances, ithe 1'Iepœ:.-eiIlltatîv.e of Hyderabad should be inVÎlted to itake part in the d1scussion in ·!;he saIDe way and on the same teœms as at our former discussions of this question. Mr. EL-KHOURI (Syria): 1 think that under Article 32 of Ithe Charter, the invitation of the two par.ties concerned is a condition. of the discussion of ·this matter; this Article states : glais): parties indispensable question, Charte n'est tout "Any Member of the United Naltions w.Mch i:s not la member of ·the Secunity CouDcil 'Or any State which is not a Memher At the same ltime, 1 l'egl'et ta say that I, per.sonally, have not seen the cl'ed,entials ,v.hich the President has stated are in doubt. 1 do not know why theyal'e in douM or indeedanything about them hecause 1 have not seelll' them. They were not cOIl'.Jllunicated to me. Perhaps ithe Secretariat will advise the Security Cooocil, and iL. parlicular those members who weœ not pr.esent 3!t th€: last meeting, why the credentials are being held in doubt.

I,entirely agree· with the. representativ.e of Syriathat both parties to a dispute should he called and heard, whe.ther they are Members of the United Nations or not. 1 am not aloue in taking that view, hut theCouncil has 'aIso taken it hecause, on :the !Last' occasion when we discussed tms questiOlDJ, tthe ~ep1'leseI:tative of the State of Hy.derabad was called to the Council taMe ,ood took part in tthe discussion. But 'the difficulty with wmch we ar.e coofroIllted now is that, as the l"e:presentative of Syria will see from document S/1011, the ruler of that State'has said-and he has rejpeated it in a leltter, which 'arrived today over bis own signatur.e-that he has ordeœd his representative here to withdraw Hyderabad's case from the Security CouDcil. He adds further: .. fwouldadd, for your information, tha-1 on 17 September 1948, the Ministry ·at who~e' instance the said complaint was made l'esign,ed ,and 1 personally assumed the charge of my State. The delegation to tl!~ Se.curity Cauncil which had been sent at the instance of the said Minishry has now ceased .to have anyauthority to represent me or my Stale... (S/1011). Ml'. TSIANG (China) : Whateve-r we may decide to do with this item on the agend.a, i't is y.ery cleall' to my delega'tion that we should not invit.e the delegation of Hyde'flabart to the Security Council table. The. PRESIDENT: Is there any eontrary view? Mr. URDANETA ARBELAEZ (Colombia) (translated f['JOm Spanish) : The Colombian delegation r·egrets that it cannot accept t.he Ghmese represen:tative's point of vÏ:ew. The Seeurity Couneil has already begull ils examinatïon of the situation, and the œpresienil:atives of bath pllirti~ were summoned; that is to say, the Council r.ecogniz·ed thaï the representatiVoe:s {lf thetwo parties could he pr.esent. Certain events then occurl'ed, on the spot, altering t~-~ situation, but not the juridical aspect of thç question. Conseque:ntly, 1 fail to see why the Council should change the opinion it formed when it first considered the matter, and 1 do :not think that we can reverS'e OUT decision with regard to the representation of -the two parties. Mr. EL-KHOURI (SYif.Ï.a): At the ·end of the cablegr:am from the Nizam of Hyderabad rS/1011], it is stated that the !re'PrelS'e!n1atives of Hy.derahad he~e have oe.used to repr.eisent the Nizam or his State'. 1 think that if the cahle'gram cornes from an -authrentic SOUll':ce, it ·can he used to s1;thstantiate the :theoryex<pressed. by the repre-' sen'tative of China. Howev,er, 1 do nol~ belie'Ve 'that the S:ercur- [ ity Council should base its l'esolutiofi's on cablegrams which, in our v:iew, m:ay not come from 11 truly authellltic source. We baVoe another letter hefore us. concerning !the circumstances and environment which govel'n the situation in Hyderabad. In the' Security Council, we have always been cal'eful to base oU!r o'pinions land deliberations on authentic documents comi'Dg from sourcesauthorized by the Security Council to give information or in-struction. Tlhere .a:r:e· cerrtain douhts in 'this mattter and 1 do not think it wouM he' wise to deal with the matter in a hullrY .and consider that the communications which 'are hefore us ar.el1eal and auth:errtic. Ml'. ARCE (Argentina) (translated from 8panish) : It would he very difficult for us as members of the Security Goundl to ev:ade ·t,he strict fulfilment o.f the' obligations imposed upon us by Artic1e 24 of' the Cbal'lter. It is true that, in discharging our duties, we act prlma1"ily on hehalf of our own countries; hut on sorne O'ccasions we re:present ,aIl the United Nations. Article 24 states verry clearly : . CI In order to ernsur.e prompt and'effeoctive actior;;, hy the United Nations, ifs Members confer on theSecurity Council primary r.esponsihility for the maintenanoe of iJnternational 'peace and security, and agree that... the SecurityCou:ncil aets on their hehalf, , . JJ - and ,each Memher aets, not in the :name of ihis own country, hut as re'Presentin~ the general interests of the United' Nations - CI •••on their behalf, in carrying out its dulies under this respon- 'h'l'ty JJ SI. Il . However, if we set aside :t.he chapter on the Security OouncH and look at Cihapter 1, and if we' look, 'even casually, :at the purpose's and pri1l'ciples which led to the estahlishme:nt of our Organizatio.n, we find .that Al1'ticle 2, puragraph 4, 'ProVlides that CI aIl Mernbers shall refrain in their international relations from :the thl"eat or use of force against the' teTritoriaI integrity or Now 1 can see· no reaS'On for blilrying our hea'Cls in ti..e sand. We' aIl know what has happened; the representative of India gave the faets a t pl'evious COll[l'cil meetings [357th and 359th meetings]. Statements have heen made to the Press by repr:e- , sentat1ves of the Ilildian GovernrnelDt, and the l'eopresentativle of India also refer:r:ed to the mafJber in her speech be'fore the Genera,l Assembly.1 It is a legal maxim that admission of gui1t makes 'proof tUnnecessary. There is no ne'ed ta seek further fact'S or 10 ca:rry out an investigation. 1 would 'Dot object in any way to the Sydan 1"epl'esentativ.e's proposal if its purpose was :lo che'ck somethiI1g ; but sinee l'epresentatives of India have stat,ed at Couneil meetings and elsewhere that their country inva.cled HydeTabad for one :reason or '30nother, and sinr;e we know that the Government of India has proclwimed martial law in the State of Hyderahad and hns 'assumed civil and miIitary control, then 1 • ,devait ~must 'Say Ithatas long as the Nizam does .not appear in 'person before us, una-ccompanied by ,anYO'llIe who would force him to follow instructions from the Gover.nment ('f India, Ishalllilot giv.e credenoe ,to any letter 'or cable bearing ibis signatu:r:e. At fi1"8t our informa,tion came exclusively from the Government of India. Strangely enough, the sheep was receivi'ng assurances from the wolf. The repres:entativ.e of Indiia toId ons heTe that he ihad received a telegram from New Delhi, that 'is to say from the wolf, and tha:t conseqùently the sheep should consider itself satisfied. Bu,t we know tha't the independence of il State bas he'en destroyed by force; whether fuis action was ,justifiable or not i8 ,an aspect of the question 1 do not wish to d1iscuss. Thus I would be of the opinion to invite lleither tbe representativ.e of India nor the repflesenta:tive of Hydellabad. If, however, we were to invite the one, we should also invite' the' other,a'nd ,that after having carried out the inquiry proposed by the represell'taHve of Syria in order that the Nizam-should' he wish tobe represerrredmight be -able to ,express his views freely, and not under :the s;tress of militar.y occup'ation. w..e must consider Ithat aState has been suppressed by force and by a Member of the United Nations; such action is contrary to the Charter. .At the ,previous meeting [369th meeting], 1 spoke of the big fish which devouroed the little fish; and a'lthough fuis may be quite a 'Datural biological law, .after signing the Charter we cannot a.dmit ,such a ]aw in the political sphe:r.e. We must protect the liUle fish from being d!evoured by the big fish. Such is the situation in' Hydeirabad. Il ar~p;ears 'entirely dear to me that the Security Council must request the Government of Iodia to withdraw ils troops from Hyderabad and r.e-establish the' former Government 'there. It must ask the GoV'ernment of lndi,a to observe the provisions of tobe Charter ·and -seUle its disputes with the State of HYderabad by talks and lpeaceful negotiations, and, aS' a last ["Ie80rt, bring the case beforte the Council. If :that is not done, Hyderabad will haveexperÏienoed-1 repeat it again, leven at the risk of bei:ng insulted or being blamed m1t'he Press-the same fate as Ethiopia. 1 Baid 'at the previous meeting that proclamations had been issued to calm thepopulration of Hyderabad. But the Itali8Jn a;rmyal,so issued Iproclamations -fo reassure the people of Ethiopia when it invaded ;that country and occupied Addis Ababa. ::j That is the legal situation. Every,thing eIse; from the point of view of ihe Security Council, ·is in my opinion of no i~'Pol'tance. 1 shaH neV'er vote for the withdrawal of this' item from our agenda, and 1 helioevelthat 1shaH uccept the decision of the majority of the Cou:nciI, but 1 can never agree: Umt u State, l'ven if go,r,c'rned by a dictator who r-epresc'llts only a minority, should be •suppressed by force, because the Cha1"ter does not distinguish between democratic Sta:t,es and dictatorslüps. No Sta'te may he destr(lyed in that way. It is .the dutY of the Security Council to find' out whether what everyone, including the Government of India itself, is saying happens to he true, and to talŒ m,easures to l'l'store Hyderabad to its ple-vious situation and give back the administration of the Sta.te to the Gove'1"Ilment of Hyderahad. . la

The difficu1ty in which the Chair finds itself is this: rule 14 of our rIlles of procedure says:"Any Member of the UnHed Nations not a memher of the Security Conncil and any StÙ'te not -a Member -of the United l.\Jations, if invited to pal'ticipate in a me.eting or meetings of the Security Council, shaH submit credentials for the repl~esentative appoill1ted by it for this purpose. " Some time ago the representative of Hydeflabad submitted crede'Utials signe:d. by tihe Niz·am of Hyderabad. 1 have now l'Cceived la letter [8/1011], of which the Council has already cogni2jance, signed, it se·ems to me, by the same :ruler. That letter, as 1 have 'already indicated, says : . "Th,e delegation to the Security Council which had been sent ,at the instance of the saüll,Ministry has now ceased ,to have any authority to Tepresent me or my State. " 1 do no't know tha,t the all'thenticïty of this letter has been qUiestioned. 'Vhat is stated or impHed, 1 think, is that the writer of this letter, when he wrote H, was not a free agent; tha,t is. to say,that ,events ·have l,ed up to a situation in which he has writt8'11 that letter, not of his own free will but under some kind of com;puisiolll. Unless 1 can get any further guida.nce from the Councilat this moment, 1 would mak,e a suggesHon to the members,and, that is that they should oall both parties to the, table to discuss that po~nt of the Vialïdity of this 'letter. 1 would sugges't that the repl'lesentati'V'e of India would normally and l'ègUlarly app,car as the re,presentativ,e of India. But, for the moment, as we hav-e not yet l'esolved the valirdity or otherwise of the cl'edentials of :the l"è'presentative of Hyde- 'rabad, he should alppear, as he couid 1 do not know wheLher this suggestion will commend itself te the other membel's of the Coullldl. If 1 hear no objection, 1 shaH put it into effect. Ml'. TSIANG (China): There seems no ,reason ta douht the authenticity of the document which we have. V\""e h8.\'e a letter l'rom the Nizam sta:ting that he is \Vithdrawingtlhe case; that he is also withdrawing his delegation. This is' signed by the same persan who initialled the original credentials, which we acknowledged to be ll'uthentic. In addition ,to that, we have a t-elegra:m confirmi'llg that letterr. If such documents did not constitute adequa:te utItohenticity, then: business in the United Nations would be very difficult to transact. Howev.er, since the opinion in ~he CoU'nci! is divided - not sa mucb, 1 should say, on that groUlld as on the substaIIlce of the question -if the P.l'esident would rul,e that he !Ïnvite/~ .the former representative of Hydellahad ta 'a-p'pear at :the. CoU'neil -table under l'nIe 39 of the .l'ules of procedure, my dIelegation. would not raise uny obj'ection. Rule 39 reads : .. The Securlty Counciol may invi.te members of the Secr-etariat or other persons, whorn it consideTs competent for the punp.ose, to supply it with information or to give otherassistance in exami'l1ing matters within Hs competenc,e. " If the President should invite the former repr.esentative of Hyderabad :ta the Council :table und,er that rule, my delegatiO'n would no.t l'aise ·any objection; but if we should invite himas the formaI re·presentative of Hyderabad, my dele-gation \Vould have to maintain ils obj:ection. .Mr. ARCE (Argentina) (translated fl'om SpanriS'h) : 1 have just ,read, or 1 should say, examinedthe two lletters si'gned by Ithe :'jNizam of Hyderabad. 1 fmd that the two ~ signatures are' not -alike, although the styl,e iof writing ap'pears to be th-e same in both rep~esentative of China, 1 should likc t'Û point out ihat, in normal circumstances, we sbould obv.iously always accept a telegmffi or a le'tter as being authentic. 1 repeat again that we cannot ignore the -p1ain fact that ~he situation in Hydembad is not a normal one. 1 shallleave this aspect of the question howeverand only say -tha-t, for my part, 1 have no objection 'la accepting the authentiCiity of :the letters, and thus tlie only question for the Security COUIlcil to consider is not whether it should discuss merely for the sake of discussing but ra'ther whether or not the complaint of the Nizam of Hyderabad against Indioa has been withdrawill. If the complaint is withdrawn, as the Nizam of Hy;de:rabad requests, lthere is no problem before us and no reason to continue the discussion. We have already allowed Il!he Security Council ta become a cou!'t with -parties d'ebating on both sides of the .ta·ble. Today we have to !'ecord something new. The public, the gaJlery has Interve'ned in the debates. Obviously, this cann'Ût -enhance -the prestige of the Council. Il is not, howeveir, for me alone to uphold Hs prestige. 1 therefore see no need to Ï!llv.ite anyone to come and' pralong this situation. 1 consider that we ·should now dedde' whether, by œason of the le'tbeT which has just been read, the coffitp~aiJnt of Hyderabad laga1nst India is withdrawn or not. That, in my opinion, is ·Ihe only question before the Securï.ty Council. Ml'. URDANETA ARBELAEZ (Colombia) (translated from Span'ish) : For my iP,art, 1 have no obj;ection 10 the President's d·ecision to invite ,the parties to take their places at the Council table. .question 1 should, neverthe'I-ess, 'like to make' the observation-it is not an objection-iU~t any discuss;'ll in which the parties intervene is not hkely to shed much light on the malter. The proMem befoJle us now 1-S oot exadly a lega1 oue. Il is ra'ther a question of ade facto :situa-tion. 1 have' no doubt concerning the actll'al :authenticity of the lettersreceived from the Nizam. l,am not If voluntarily signed, il has, of cour&e, fulllegai value and shou'ld lead to ;the withdrawal of the ~legation a'nd a1so to the l'emov.al of the item from ,the agenda of lhe Security ,Council. If il \Vas signed undel' compulsion, however, it has no value and cannot produce these r,esults. Ho\V can we discover the ,trufu in this l:1.aUel1'? As 1 have said, 1 believe ithat discussion, at this time, by the Ip,arties concerncd will 'not shed any light on tthe question. Perhaps the only suitable method which would enable the Council ,to rea,ch a decision with a fun knowledge of .fue f,aots, and to deal afterwards \Vith the merits of the case, would be the method suggested by the re·presentative of Syria, tha'! is that the Council shou'ld hav,e l'ecourse ta its own means of investigation and .take ,action later on the basis of the information and re,ports receiv·ed. The' PRESIDENT: Nobody regrets mor.e Ilihan 1 thc delay which has been caused by the raising of ,t,his question. However, 1 do wish ta say tha'L in my opinion 1 hav:e· not raised it 'unnecessarily or irr.elevanHy. :Ln a dispute of this kind, we are bound by the Charter itself to call to this table represen- 'tatives of the two parUes to the dispute, whether lhey are members of the Security Council or Hot and whether' they are Members of the United Nations or not. In this particular ·case, doubt has been cast on the V'alidity of the Credelllttials of one of the parties, and 1 feH bound .to raise that 'point. 1 hav,e received no very ·diefinite lead from my colleagues on the Security Council. Howe\'er, hoping to cut short the discussion and hoprng fuat my proposaI might prove acceptable to mycol'leagues, 1 stl'ggested that, since, the representative of Hyderabad has cast doubt on the letter withdrawing the case and ·t,erminating his authority to r.ep,r.esent Hyderabad, the Security Council might \Vish to hear him on that poinit, ,and on that point alone, in the first 'place. If the Se,curity Council agrees :ta that procedure, il would be right and inevitable, 1 think, ,that the represell'~ative of India should also come ta the table. Therefore, unless 1 heal' any statement to the contra.ry, 1 would propose 'to invite the representative of Iudia and Nawab Main, who represented Hyderabad at OUT' last meeting on th:~ ~ilbject, to come :to the' table. The Security Council might then be ab'le la hear from Nawab Main the reasons willy he ,considers that ,the latest letter from the Ml'. PARODI (France) (translated from Fl1ench): 1 do not wish to speak on the substance of ,the question at present. 1 merely wish ta say .ùhat 1 fu'lly su!pport the procedure proposed by .the President. 1 ~hink N desil'aMe· that we should hear the represe?ta-tives of both :parties, wHhout ~y indicatIon, for the moment, of the ,ca'paClty in which we shali heal' Ithe' Nawab Moin Nawaz. Jung. If we state too specJÎficaIly uuder what l'ule wc are giving him a hearing, we shali be prejudging the very ques- Hon on which 1 gather we should like ln heai' 11is observations. 1 therefore fully SU'ppOl~t Ihhe Pœsident's proposaI.

As there are no further observations, 1 invite the repre·senta.tiV'e of the Gove'rnment of India and ithe Na.wab Main, who re;presented Hyderabad at 'Our last meetiIng, ·to take theJ..r :p.laces at the table. On the invitation of tlze President, Sir Ramaswami Mudaliar, representative of India, and the Nawab Moin Nawaz Jung (Hyderabad) look thei!" places at the Security COllncil table.

The representative of Hyderabad 'has been present in the Security Canncil chamher, and no doubt has lis'tellied ta ,the discussion. He addressed, ·a leUe'l' to t.1.e Security Coun·cil on 24 Sepitember [8/1015], which casts doubt on the validiity of the last communications reoeived from the Nizam of Hydie:rabad. If ithe representative of Hyder.abad thas a'ny Sita,tement to make in amplification of that letter, 'Perhaps the members of the Security COUJI1ocil would he glad to bear him,and if he is ready, 1 shaU caU iU'pon ,him a,t this time. Ait the same time, 1 would remind him again: that, as 1 understand it, .the point we arediscussing at the moment is not the whole substance of the question but !the question of the vaJidity of it'hecredentÏ'als of the re.p<resenitatiVie' of HydeTabad. Nawab MOIN NAWAZ JUNG (Hyderabad): 1 am very grate~ul to the SecurHy ··Council for i·n.viting me to the .tab'le to a,ssist ithem in their d'iscussions of the question.' Before 1 ~ake my g.tUi~emellJt, may 1 invite ,the attentlOln of .t'he Seoority COlmdl to two points? . The first point is that ,the validi.ty of the Instructions gïVelli to me i,g now being quest~oned. 1 beUeve that so long as fuat questIon ha,s not been deciderl one way or the other, 1 am here 'Us ,the chief of thie Therefore, 1 hope that on further and fuller consideration, the President and ,the members of the Security Council win permit me to mal~e my statement in f,ull, a statement which, 1 may remind the President, will be very brief. It would not take more ,than about fifteen minutes of the ,Council's .time, but in so doing 1 wou'ld felel ,that 1 had accomplished the tas1\. for which 1 have be·en sent to It,he SecurHy Council. Howev,er, if that were not done, theŒl 1 would feel that l 'had failed' in my duty, and 1 should be compeHed to ask the Security Coundl to 'e'X!cnse me from making any sta'tementat this stage.

Before hearing what the representative of Hyder:abad has to say, 1 would 'state· tba't it is difficult for me to say wha,t woold' he and wbat would not be in arder; that is to, .say, it is difficult for me 'to giveanyexact definition. What 1 had in mind was tiIlat itherepresentative of Hydierahad, in pleading the ca'se which he is now 'p'leading, should keep strict1y to a factual sta'bement; to :show, if ,that is his intention, that the Nizam no longer ex,ercises authority, that the fo:rmer Hyd!erahad :authorities have been replaCJed by others, ;and other facts along thO'se Unes. To go .ful'ther 'than that and .to ,speak on the 'rights or wrongs of what may have been done by the GovernmelD.t of India, 1 should consider to he going outsridre the :prope:r scope of .the' discussion in which Wc: are now engaged. 1 reali~e' that il is difficult to dmw a Hne, but 1 do beg the :representative of Hyderabad to confine himself, so far as possible, to {actual statemen'ts which may enable' the blent maintenant mons c'est si voyées estimons prononcer de liberté. l'Hé sisté commandant .des particulièrement et sur lues sincère de devoir avons tion plus l'Organisation ensemble. vasion Nawab MOIN NAWAZ JUNG (Hyderahad): l a'ppreciate the viewpoint of the President :and, in deference to his wishes, 1 sha11 ,try to ,confine myself, in the first i'n:stance, to the 'question of the valid,i'ty of Ithe 1n- :struc'tions and,secorudly, 10 ,celrtain eVients which have takelI1 plaoeàuring the' interval of the 'last 'eight -days, sinee my country w:as occupied by India. However, in doing that, 1 shaIl again implore the President toaIlow me to make ·certain remarks withOlUt which it will he impossible to give a fadu-al 81ta-tement of 'the ,case, and to be as generous as he 'possibly can be, becaus,e it is quite likely that after this question has been decided 1 may have no otherchance .to speak before 'the Security Council, and 1 should ,certain'ly like to ulD10ad my mind befOl'e 1 withdraw from the Council table. 'Vith the permission of the President, 1 propose to speak first of 'the withdraWial of the instr.uctions giv€lu to our delegation. In a series of communications purporting to ·emanate f.rom ,the, Nizam ,and addlressed to me as head of the delegation and to the Secretary-Gene'l'al of the United Nations, 'the origm.al instructions given to our deiegation were withdrawn. The· texts of the'se various communications are now before the Security Cooucil. Although instruments a:p,parently bearing the signatu.re of the Nizam have now reached Paris, we feel that, in the circumstance,s, the formHI authentication of these instruments must he a maUer for the Security Council to de'Cide. The questiolIl which, in our view, is 'H proper matter for the Security Council to decide is, assuming that the;se communications have been ,sent by and on' the aUitho- J·ity of the Nizam, whether the mie'l' of the State has acted as a fr:eeagent. We know, and the Secmity Council knows, that the Nizam has divested 'himself of .aIl powers of government in favour of the Indian CommandeT. Ait this grave momelIlt, we al'le mostanxiolUs to say aond do nothing which may ,cast doubt upon our 'ahsolute loyalty and obediience to the Nizam 0'1' upon our sincere desi'l'e to gain the friendship and sympathy of India. Yet we have' not thought it right to ,aet upon the communications thus 'l'eceiy.ed, for the reason that the:re i5 a wider prÎlIlciple invdlved whieh direetly affects the United NationS' as a whole. The Govel'nment of tU country threatened with invasion sendsa delegation ·to def.end Oue must also consider the fact that, if in circumstances snch as these, the United Na.tions withdraws recognition. of the delegation, il deprives itself of a source of informatiolll coming from a 'party directly and most vitally affected. For aIl these reasons, we have ·come ,to the conclusion that it is our dutY to leave to the Seouri.ty Council the important decision as to the status of ;the delegation before the United Nations. By that decision we shall loyally abide. We do 'Hot propose to make the task of the Security CouniCÎl more difficult by engaging in polemics and answering in detai! the accusations made and 'explaillations giv.en by the re;pres1entatives of India in the SecurHy Council and' in the General Assembly. W.e have in mind the ovell'- wh-el.ming 'necessity of a lasting seUlement with the Dominion of India based on friendship and mutual :r.esp,ect.. We are 'part and parc.ell of the great brotberhood of Itbe Indiancontinent, aild we fervently hope that out of this trial and turmoil there win ,emerge an 'honourable and generous settlement which will ·endul'Ie ,to the glory of India and to the hap:p:ÎJn:ess of the 'P,eople of Hyderabad. We are determined to say nothing and to do lliothing which may interfiere with the pros;p:ects of peace and understanding, but in fairness 'io o'Ur cause and in fulfilmelllt of our duty to the United Nations, b:efore which we put our complainit, we must state with aH requisite claritythe underlying faets of the situation, for thes,e have 'a bea.ring nOit only upon the past but also upon the future. In. fhe tirst instance, we refute the ,asser- 'lion that the troops of India entered on our soil for the sake of :maintaining order. There is no one in this room who deep in It .is this fac~,(the a.bse!!,ce of commu~al ,paSSIOn and stnf.e, wInch IS one of :the dIStinctive features of Hyderabad and part of its national tradition which is DOW to be sa,crificed for the .sake of a rigidly conc-eiv·ed political unity of India. If· the Government of Il1Jdia 'Still insists 'that the true and primary 'lmrpose of the invasion was to check a state of widespread disorder and teI~ror in Hyde:rabad, will it a,gree to an international investigation and finding on this ·disputed question of fact '0 Now, this question of whether the Indian invasion took place lul arder to prevent furfher disordeil' and U'narchy in Hyderabad is not merely of historical importance. Il is directly relevant tO' the question of the pm'pose of the Indian occupation. That purpose has been stated to he the restoratian of order and the ,cr-eation of conditions fOJ.' a free expression of the will of the people of Hyderabad iln the matter of its future relation to India. But ,there ilS a profoU'lld difference betwe'cn restoring 01'- der and the complete substitution of Indian authority for that of Hyderabad. fA total removal of the :principal personne1'- of the administration of Hyderabad is taking place. It is not only :that the Nizam ha:s beeln compelle,d' to hand Ov.eT 'his authority ta the Indian militarycommand1er. The police and revenue officers of the six,teen districts of Hyderabad have· been replaoed by Indian officiaIs brought from India, in particular from Bombay and Madras. A central civil administrator~anofficial from Inaia-has beenappointed to assist the military commander who exereises supreme authority) The cOl11duct of India in Hyderabad is that ofa conqueror. The far-reacmllg administrativ.e and ,constitutional changes ~ave not stoppe,d short matters 'conCiernmg internaI administr.ation. Decrees have been issued suspel11.ding the' fuuctions of several agents-general of Hydterabad abroad -the modest and last vestige of Us internal~estored, and observers of the United Nations must enSlu~e ,that the 'p;retext of restoring order do'es not de;Pl'ive Hyd:erabad of its freedom at 'the very time when the United Nations is consideriJng the situation which has arisen. The far-reaching changes which are bei·ng introdU'ced have a profound .and immediate bearing upon the question of·the plebiscite todetermine the futm.'e relations betweeJn Hyderahad and India. The ofIer of a plebiscite was made by the Government of Hyderabad asearly as June 1948. Il was repeated, with .aH necessary emphasis, in the statement of the case of Hyderabad when it was submitted to the Secu:ri.ty Council [8/1001]. W,e said thereÏJn: "The Governm(~nt of Hyderabad offered that the ques·tion of accession in matters of Defenoe, External Affairs and Communications, as defiJned by the parties, should be submiUed for determination by,a plebiscite on the basis of adult suffrage HIlder the supervision of the United Nations". It is dear threrefOl~e ;that, contrary to the assumption of misinformed persons, the position of the Government of Hyderabad is not that of a minority Gov;ernment desperately dilnging '10 'power in defiance of popuJar will. But there must he a true plebiscite, not a mO'ckery under the 'pressure of Indian military :power and of imported Indian administratolls. The ordinary constitutiona:l government of fthe country must be restored and conditions cl~eated for a f.ree plebiscHe. The United Nations cain take effedive steps to ensure that result. International practice has hy now developed a satisfac· tory machinery for .that purpose. But it is essential that, pending the setti·ng-up of that machinery, impartial obsetJy.ers be appoint1ed to report on the ,conditions and the administratiOll1 of the country. It is dearly impossible for the Seüurity Council to limit itself to information supplied by the Indian authorities alone. In additioll, a s,p'ecific unldertaking must be obtained from the Dominion of India that in the period between now and the re'Storatiol)] of the ·civiladminiSltration of the country by Hyderabad ,authorities, there will be no Moreover, the ·delegation of Hy-deraba.d looks to the SeCiU'rity Council for assistance in reaching an immediate an.d direct seUlement with the Dominion of India. 1 declared hefore the Security ,Council on 16 September [357th meleting] that: ". .. Wc are ready to 'put forward COllslructiVle proposals for a general seUlement which no fair..mindedperson would regard as unr·easonable or as failing to give f.ull effect to the essential aspec~s of the unity of the Indiaill continent." Since that dedaration was made, the invasion has taken place. But 1· repeat that offer, solemnly and with deliberation. Will not the Government of lndia, ,e·ven at. this moment, meet us half-way, as brothers and not as conquerors, in order to discuss the future without recrimilllations as to the :p.ast? There is ,no r-eason why both parti-es should not put forward constructive proposaIs for dealing with the enhre· situation unhampered by the 'previous history of the negotiations. -.- There is no reason why they should not, and there are good reasons why they should be aided in that ·endeavour by a member or by ,a committee of :the Security Council, for we look forward to the assistance and protection of the United Nations. Our ,cause, we firmly believe, is in this matter identical with that of the· United ·Nations We raise no daim tha't we have come here to defeud the United Nations or ils Charter. That would he preposterous. \Ve are he-re to~efend our very life as ·a pe01Jle of distinct tradition, history and ' ,achievemen1t. But whiI.e thus def.ending our . i'ude:pendelUceand our ~dignity, we are also vindicating the ICharter of the' United Nations. If the· United Nations allows this invasion and the extinction. of a State, on the pretext of maintaining order, what legal aid and moral authority will it possess to repress such adion in the future? \ 1 wish to thank the President and the Security Council for having allowed me to prese1nt my statement in full.

Before making his statement, the representativ:e of Hyderabad craved my inùulgence. 1 hope he recognizes that 1 complied with his request. 1 thought 1 was meeting the wishes of the members of the Council in giving a very liberal interpretation to my own ruling. Our procedure here in the Council is rather flexible, but l would beg those seated around this table, if that is at aIl possible, to keep, at th'is stage, to the discussion of this prelimi'nlH'y question-the credentials of Hyderabad. That will have to he settled as soon as possible, befOl~e any discussion is undertaken on the substance of the question. 1 know that it is ·difficult to keeJp the two matters ·entirely apart, but 1 would beg those who intend to speak to ·do their best to restrict thcffiselves, at this stage, to the immediatepreliminary question which is before· the Couneil. Sir Ramaswami MUDALIAR (India): The question to which the President has asked us to confine ourselves is how far the letter l~eceived from His Exalted Highness the Nizam, withdrawing the complaint from the Security Council and wHhdrawing the authorization of the delegation which had come on his hehalfat an earlieT stage, is genuine. The gentleman on thl" opposite side of Ihe Council table did not produce a si,ugle faet which in anlY way can throw doubt on this statement, but, on the other hand, has ind'Uiged in a series of attacks on the Governmellt of India, suggestions, innuendos and reflections which 1 feel bound to tak'e note 'Of v,ery sharply, though bowing to the President's decision. 1 shaH confine my statement mainly to the question of the validity of the withdrawal of the .delegation':s powers by the Nizam and of the validity of the withdrawal of the ,complaint brought by the Nizam hefore the Security Cauneil. Il is natural that some members of the Security Council, whose sem;e of caution is v,ery mUich ·develo:p.ed-like m .. old and esteemed friend from Syria, \"hom we hav·e known from the days of San Franeisco, and who has shown on more than one occasio'\'è that illl11ale caution which has h'èlped us at other stages-should have raised this question hefore this augtrst assembly. 1 value that sense of cauition. 1 place importance on the fact thaÏ' the Secur- • These are not idle words, and it is in no sense of frivolity that 1 am suggesting that it would have been weIl for the Coundl ta have ·examined the question of the gellUineneS'S of aedentials at a vcry much 'earlier stage inlde,ed. For 1 proposeto sho\v to the Council-and, 1 ho:pe, ta the satisfaction of at least most :l11embers of the Council-that it was then that the Nizam \Vas not a fr.ee agent and that it is now that he is a freC' agent, acting on his own :1'esponsibility, judging of his own interests and Irying to come to a conclusion concerniug his own weHare, the welfare of his people and the welfare of the State. There have been so many ref,erences ta repor~S' in newspapers that 1 hope the Presidentt will forgive me if 1 quote an ,extract from a broadcast ma-de by the Nizam himself, which was heard aIl over the world and ,cN'tairllly aIl ove1' India-and the gellUiueness of the Nizam's voke, if no t of his sentiments,cannot be questioned-- broadcast reports of which also hav.e ap'peared in most of the English newspUipers and in 'sorne of the contin/entaI pœss. :1' • \1 ln a broadcast that ·the Nlzam made on il23 Septemher, he stated: j' . "Several delegations calli:ng themselves Hyderabad's ·delegations have be-en carl'ying on a campaign against India's socalled misde,eds, which, in faet, ha\r,e merely restored my fr.e:edom to deRl with Hyderabad's destinies in a mannel' ,consistent \Vith the traditions of the Asafjah dynasty anrd the hest intel'lests .of Hyderabad. In Novermbe:r last.. ,"-and 1 want the Security Council to mark these words-"... a small grou-p which had orga,nized a, quasimilitary organizatiolli hostile to Hyderabad's best traditions sllrrounded the house of my then Prime MinisteT, the Naw,ab of Chhatari, in whose wisdom 1 had complete -cOlufidence, and the house of Sir Walter Monckton, my constitutional advisel', and thus by du~ess -compelled the Nawab of Chhatari and other trusted ministers to re'sign. Thi,s gl'OUp, with Kasim Razvi a't ils head..."-,,-:he is the head of the "On a strictly p~~'sonal basis", thedistinction will he a:Ifiparent from the next sentence: "As you weIl know, lam now·a constitutionai Governor-General, and, my official views are those of my Government." Quite r1ght. -Lord Louis Mountbatten carried out that constitutional position after lb August 1947, but ,in this lett-er he steps out of that -constitutional position as Governor-General. "1 thought, nevertheless, thata useful 'purpose iIIlight perhaps be served if 1 were to convey to yon sorne of my own personal feelings and thoughts on the present situation." That is on 8 April 1948. The letter goes on. UI am firmly of the bellef tbat ,tbissp.irit woltld bave prevailed from the commencement of the Standstill Agr.e'ement, and that yoU' and 1 would he seeing il grow even now, if only that most unfortunate "1 l'cfel' -to the oocasion when your delegalion, of which the Nawab o{ Chhatari (your Prime Ministcr at that time) , Sir Sultan Ahmed, Nawab Ali Nawaz Jung, and Sir Walter tMonckton, were then mem- ~bers, were unfortunate!y unable to leave :Hyderabad for Delhi as intended. 1 n,eed not enter into the full details of tbis incident and the part which the police played in' H. These facts ar.e as well known to ,~Qu:r Exalted Highness as they are to me. [But 1 must reiterat·e my fum belief that, 'if these methods of ,coercion haod not been peTmitted to interfere with the, ,carrying out of Your Exalted Highness's wishes at 50 c1'luiCÏal a moment, the story of relationlS between India and Hyderahad would' have heen wriUen py a very differ~nt and far happier ·p,en.::;; That tragic incident led to aIl the difficulties. Gangsterism won the day, the Nizam w:as rendered he1pless, his Priime Minister ,and' Ministers made to rcsign, and the coapd'état was .then accomplished. Again, this was not merely a letter sent privately to the Nizam under sealedcüvers. The same incident was refer:œd to by His Excellency !J.ord iLouis MountbaUen to a representativç .(JJelegation from Hyderabad which Wlent ,to him on 9 June of tbis year, a delega'tion hea,ded by the Prime Minister of Hyderabad who look the plaoe of the Nawab Qf Chhatari when the coup d'état w:as effected, and who was, till the other day, Prime Minister of Hyderaba:d aond who relsigned on the 171fJh ,and made it inevitable for the Nizam to talœ matters into his own hands for the first time. l amagain quoting from the' documeàt furnished by the Hyider.abad delegation, and the members of the Security Coundl will :fin:d this on page 132 of that document. The substance of the i'iUerview is contained in tV/o docUIDoots 18X!changed betw·een the parties and 1 am veferring to the one produced by ,the Hyderabad Prime Minister and the formel' Hyderabad delegation. "Note of an intervÏJew on the afte:rnoon of 9 June 1948, hetween the Governor- General of InJdia and the Hyderabad delegation (Sir Wal·ter Monckton was also present),.'" ,!he relevant portion of the intervi.ew is thIS: "The GovernoT-Gell'eral, Lord Louis Mountbatten, emrphasized tha't any solution put forward must he one likely to gain for Hyderabad India's goodwiH. He œ- caU~dhow thep:r:es'eut StandstiH Agreement h~d been signed in a spirit of ill-will. When hIS Exalted Highnless had not ·acceded by 15 August, he, the üovernor-Genel'al, Lord "Nawab Moin Nawaz Jung then came to Delhi and suggested reversion to a previous draft stalldstill agreement-a most gauche manœuvre. Finally~ Nawab Moin Jung agreed to the Standstill AgreemelIlt in the form the pr.evious delegation had ap'proved, but by then goodwill and good faith ha,d started to disa'ppear." Does that not bear out ,completely what the Nizam said in his broadcast: that from that date in November when he was obliged to dismiss a ministry in which he had full confidence, the Minisuy of the' Nawab of Chhata:ri, a first ranking poiitician among Muslims in India, Sir Sultan Ahmed~ once a member of the Governor-General's Council~ Sir William Monckton and the others, he was left a lone person in aIl the negotiations. He tried to adjust them, but finally threw up hits hands in despair. When that happened the Nizam became not a free agent but a person under the control of a set of gangsters, as 1 have said before. Today, when he has been rel€'ased from the razaJ"ars and in 'a position to take his owu view of the situation, to look after himself a·nd his dynasty, to look after his people, to bring about the ha:ppy relations which were disturbed and more than disturbed during the last eight months, -the ~izam is sweetly, suavely, and simply alleged by the gentleman opposite not to be a free agent. What justification is there for making such an allegation? What proof has been brought by the honourable gentleman op'posite to show that the Niz-am is not a free agent? lin the paper he has :pmt before us [8/1015J he makes a number of -allegations. First and foremost, he says: ". '. in view of the IStrict ,censorship an.d complete bla'ckout of impartial news, the Ministt~l', Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, this morning and asking whether there was any truth in the allegation, and the Prime Minister has aske,d me categoricaHy ta state there is no truth j.n the aUegation of ,censorship or blackout. It is totally and absolutely false ithat there is any blackout of news from Hyderabad or India today 11egarding Hyderahad. Tt is totally and unalterably and absolutely false that thel'e is anlY censorsh~p of the kind l'egarding Hyderabad news. The Prime Minister told me this morning tha't scores of journalists, reporters and representatiVoeig of newspapers were aIl oVoer Hy.derabad. He said frankly that on those forur or fi.v,e days when the for·ces were marching fnto Hyderabad there was censorship, and iIl,e.cessarily so. But after that date-aftel' the 18th-theIie has been no œnsorshi:p of any kÎ!nd. This is again one of those allegations fl'eely made to prejudice the members of a body like the SecUTity Council or the General Assernhly. Haïderabad, ler breux ltÏonnaires continuent les le deux le les meure Haïderabad. What is the position today? In view of what the representative of Hyderabad has said, 1 feel tha:t 1 must speak very shar;ply. J have here telegram after telegram in which it is stated that aH the normal functions as they existed befol'e the l'71th or 18th are being carried Ü'n by the officers of the Hyderabad Government.. Hyderabad and Secunderabad, the two biggest cities, ,are under the control of the police and the \military 'c'ommaùded by the original Com- {mande'r-in-Chief of the Hy(:erabad forces. General Eldvoros, the chief administrator, whom the Government of India has chef - - adressé chefs zam, leurs ,dait phère ,et tâche tionnaires mes bandits sympat·hies avec a'ppointed~undoubtedly from Bombayaddressed only the other ,day the secretaries and departmental heads of the Nizam'Is Gover:nment, aIl of whom ar,e in their lœy positions today, and said tha'1 an he requir·ed was a non-'political atmoSiphere a!U?ng the officiaIs and the carrying out of clv.ll administration for the belnefit of the people' of the Stalle. It is true that a few officers hav,e be€n removed. Certai'n offic~rs whose politieal contacts with the gangsters were complenely' proved, whose 'sympathiels with them were established, ""ere l"eInoved from of.fice. And was it IlOt: right that iftran- As regards the withdrawing of clIeden- Hals from agents-general aoroad, 1 ·have· a very serious piece of information. Only the other .day, on the 20th of this month, the t \Vestminster Bank, which had n,004,OOO :to the ,credit of the Hyderabad GOVoel'nl1llent, lmd the amount trausfen:ed to a "high official of another State" on the authorization of a person here in Paris who could not ,have made that authorizationf-or should 'not have made H, in view of what had ;ha:p.pened in Hy,derabad. Is it any wonder that in the interests of the .people of the State, in the interr.ests of the Government, in the mtere3ts of the Nizam, until condibions are better known, until individuals more' loyal accept, sympathy, not in words, but with heart and Sipirit, their allegiance to the Nizam, there should be a check on the activibies of those individuals abroad? What is more natural than that the· Nizam, seeiug how he was situated in the past, how prominent men abroad were associated with the regime in which his own free will was restricted, should ,cancel the credentials of delegations or withdraw the :power of authorization from agents-general appointed abroad until theïr loyalty was more firmly estahlished? 1 have shown you one instance where such loyalty was open to douM. Let me conclude very briefly with one observa·tion. The .erstwhile representatiV'e of Hy:derabad said that he did not know whether adult franchise would be established, whether the will of the people would be ascertained. He went fm"ther and said that in June 1948, they had offered a scheme of election by 'adult franchise, or referendum by adult franchise, and that it was not accept,ed by the Govel'nment of India. The world knows, and the members of the Security Coundl know, that if there is one method of ascer~aining the will of the people to w,hichthe leaders of India today aIle 'Pl,edged, to which the Government of Lndia as pledged, to which :the Constituent Assembly-whÏ'ch i8 DOW dTawing up the constitution of Indi'a-is pl,edged, it is the method of ascertaining the wishes of the people through adult franchise. AHow me to quote from one of our publications, "The White Paper of the Indian Government on Hy:derabad". "The plebiscite cry is the latest addition to Hyderabad's propag'anda armoury. It is a glaring instance of the Goebbels technique of harping on a big lie in the ho:p,e that ; some ignorant folk will swaIIow il. The sU'g- -' gestion to hold a plebiscite to decidethe It wus on 27 August 1947, not in 1948, and il was made by the Governor-General of lndia, Lord Louis Mountbatten, in his tele- !!l'aID of the same date to the Nizam, and ft was based on the letter of the State's Minister Sirdar Pat,el to Lord Louis Mountbatten, in which it was stated: "If the Nizam's Government are still unable to decide the course in the only right 1direction in whï.ch il lies, His Exalted 'Hiahness must agree to submit the issue to th: judgment of the people and abide by their ,decision. We on our side will.be content to accept whatever might be the result of sucha l'eferendum." l,n the face of that, to come here and say to the members of the SecuTi~y Council that the reterendum is not accepted by India and that the Nizam is under duress is to speak the language of absurdity. The Nizam ll111deir then available advice replied: "1 should like to point out that the problems 'of the constitutional position of Hyderabad ar,e· such that the question of the referen- ;dum does not arise." Yes, it is aIl very easy to tell the Security Council snch tall staries as the gentleman has wheln the Security CouncH does not hàve the history of the whole case, as for natural reasons one would wish them to have, and when you are leaving the Council because your authority has been withdrawn, to tell them, in a statement: "We asked for a referendum but this mighty Government of India will not allow if." 1 feel that the time has come for the Seeurity Couneil to take ils decision. 1 ·submit that for the first time since the last eig.ht or ten months, the Nizam has acted as an independent agent. 1 submit that he has come to the conclusion that this matter should ouot he further pUTsued in the best interes~s of hImself, in the best' interests of his dynasty, a'nd in the best interests of the people of Hyderabad who are OTI'e with the pe'ople of the l'est of the Dominion of India, and in the hest interests of the Sfate. Emphasis has been laid on the fact that there is a special culture, a special tradition, a special something iIlusory about Hyderabad whieh separates il from the l'est of India. 1 come from a part of theeountry ~hieh is -very· close to Hyderabad. Mysore ~s on one side. Today 1 am associated with Its administration, and associated with il very deeply. Madras is on the other side, and liliat is my home province. The innliImerable ties of kinship, of association, of friendliŒlress, of common culture, and edu- The Security Council has therefore to consider whethe-r any further useful purpose would he served hy keeping this matter on the agenda; whether, with the genuine withdrawal of the cas-e, as 1 hav:e attempted to show, by His Exalted Highness the Nizam, the cause of peace will not be better served by dropping the matter. 1 doubt wh,ether that good will for which the honourable gentleman pleaded will really be brought about by pursuing this matter. Pursuit will 1nevitably and ult1mately be vain indeed. It will only create reactions locally; it will prejudice the Hyderabad :p.eople themselves against certain pe.rsons in authority. 1 think the Security Council, which i8 essentially intend'ed ,to -promote peace, will be doing the only right and justifiable thing ~.y refraining from 1ndulging in technical l~iscussions and casuistry about indepen- ,ident States and invasion, -and Italy and \A.byssinia, and the big fish and the little iish. Sometimes the little :6:sh even try to swallow othe big fish, ridiculous ,as that may seem. The Securjty Council's intervention mightthen be -called for; there' hav.e heen instances of attempts on the paxt of little fish to swallow big fish. 1 wonder whether it would not be the wisest thing for the Security Council to let the matter drop and to allow poe-aceto prevail in my country, including Hyderabad. 1 can show you thousands of telegrams from prom1nent Muslims in the Dominion of India, from scores of Jamait-zzl-zzlemasreligious associations of Muslims~offming thanks to the Government of India because thecanker has finaIly be-en removed which was making if difficult for propeiT ll"elations to be established between Hindus and Muslims, which was spoiling the cordial relations between these two peoples because of natural suspicions as to where their sympathies Iay in reference to Hyderabad. There is a new bond of fTiendship today between Hindu and Muslim aIl over India and Hyderabad. A new cordiality has heen established. We want to live in peace, in brotherhood, in amity. The Hy;derabad difficuHy, which was embittering relations and poisoning the atmosphere, has happily 'ended. Will not the Security Taking the world situation as it is today, will the Security Council not appreciate that by so doing, it will stren,gthen India as a'whole and p'e'l'haps help it to eontribute in sorne small measure to the cause of Ïrnternational Ipeaee?

1 think it unlilœly that we shaH be able to reach a decision on this point this evening. In view of the late hour, 1 would propose to adjourn the Security Coilllcil. 1t has been represented to me, however, that item 3 on the agenda r~Jating to the participation of Switzerlarnd in the In.ternational Court of Justice is an urgent matter and probably-Iet 'Us hope~not a controversial one. 1 would propose, therefore, if the Se,curity Council would agree, to break off this discussion and see whetheT we cannot in a v-ery few minutes dispose of iteul 3, Ïin regard to which the representative of Belgium has submitted a draft resolution. 5. The conditions under which a 5tate which is a party to the present 5tatute but is not a Member of the United Nations may participate in electing ~he members of the Court (5/947 and 5/9(9).

1 submit for discussion the draft resolution which will be found in document S/969. 1 do not know whether the representative of Belgium has anything to add to what he has already wribten in the ·covering letter which has also beeu distributed. . Mr. VAN LANGENHOVE (Belgium) (translated from French): 1 haVie no:thiug to add to ,the text of the proposaI [8/969J whkh the Belgiarn delegation has submitted to the Security Council. 1 merely wish to state ve~T briefly the reasons for which this question is particular1y urgent. Under Article 4, paragraph 3, of the Statute of the Court, to which 1 il"eferred at t~e beginning of this meeting "The COIl!ditiOIUS under which a Starte whieh is a p'urty to the p,l'esent Statute but 15 not a Memb,er of the United Naltions may warticipate in electing the membocs of the Court shaH, in the absenœ of a special agreement, be laid down by the General Assembly upon recommenJdation of the Security Council." The elections to the Court must be heM during the present session. FurtheTIIlore, Switzerland, which is not a Member of the United Nations, has adhered to the Statute of the Court. The Seourity Couneil should therefore make proposaIs to the General Assembly \Vhat is more, though the Assembly will be seized of the resolution after it has been adopted by the Security Council, it is cleaT that procedural delays willalso 'd'elay for sorne time a decision by the Assembly. The Belgian :p.roposals were .circulate·d to the CouDcil members six weeks ago. 1 am sure they have realized ·that this step is a purely technical one, which strictly applies 10 the Statute of the International Court of Justice. :Ml'. EL-KHOURI (Syria): Con'S'idering the l'easons which the representative of Belgium has given, and the situation as we understand it, l propose that the draft iresolution submHted by the representative of Belgium hoe put to the vote and adopted.

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