S/PV.479 Security Council

l am very glad ta, be able to give a favourable answer at once to the appeal just made by the representative of the Republic of Korea. Members of the Security Council have before them, in document S/1652, a joint draft resolution concerning Korean {(The Secu1"ity Council, "Recognizing the harc1ships and privations to whkh the people of Korea are being suhjected as a resu1t of the continued proseclltion by the North Korean forces of their unlawful attack, and "Appreciating the spontaneous offers of assistance to the Korean people which have been, made by governments, specia1ized agencies, ancl non-governlnentaI organizations, i "Reqllests the Unified Comnland to exercise respool,,! sibility for determining the reqllirements for the relief 11 and support of the eivilian population of Korea, and i f,?r. establishing; in the field the procedures for proil vldlllg such rehef and support; " ~ "Requests the Secretary-General to transmit ail ! offers of assistance for relief and support to the 1 U nifiecl Command; i "Requ.ests the Unified Command to provide the ',J,! Security COtlncil with reports, as appropriate, on its 1 relie f activities; j nReql~tests the Secretary-General, the Economic and ~l' Social Council in accordance with Article 65 of the 1, Charter, other appropriate Unitecl Nations principal and subsidiary organs, the specialized agencies in i accordance with the terms of their respective agree- \ l11ellts with the United Nations, and appropriait' nongovernmental organizations. ta provic1e snch assistance as the Unified Command may request for the relief and support of the civilian population of Korea, and '~",,',', as appropriate in connexion with the responsibilities , he ing carried out by the UnifiecI COl1lmancl on behalf ; of the Security Council." '1 Speaking as the representative of NORWAY, l am !, particularly glad to <lct together with my British and , French colleagnes as a sponsor of the draft resolution which 1 have just read. Our first and most immediate concern, when the '1 North Korean forces crossed the 38th parallel, was of course, to see that lawless aggression was opposed by aIl available means. The prevention and chastisement of crime are tasks whieh brook 110 delay in any civilized society, but it is an eqnally important task to relieve the hardships and privations which are inflicted upon the victims of cdme. r t should be made crystal c1ear that in Korea th e United Nations is opposing lawless aggression not only ill 'the interest of world peace and security; it is also -'-and this is an indispensable condition of the actionprotecting the liberty and well-being of the Korean people. Our Organization was created not only to prevent and oppose unlawful attacks but also to stirnttlate and articulate man's compassion and mercy towards his fe110w man. In discharging this important lask we must concern ourselves with the whole The first urgent objective will be, of course, relieve the suffering of the innocent civilians who have been made homeless and who are without means subsistance as a result of ruthless él!ggression. Assurance will be given to them not only of our sympathy but also of our intention-indeed, our finn determination-to help them to the utmost of otlr ability. The draft resolution underlines and emphasizes our interest and concern for these people by doing two things. In the first place, it requests the Unified Command to develop the ways and means for providing relief. l think we aH agree that military operations and the problem of civilian relief and support need to integrated by placing responsibility for both in the same authority. Second!y, by its request to the Secretary-General, the Economie and Social Council and other agencies and groups, the resolution would draw on the generosity, the interest and the expert knowledge of many organizations and people of good will. The International Reel Cross woulel be inc1uded, to mentiou one example. The Economic and Social Couneil would specifically be brought into the picture under Article of the Charter. AlI the organizations concerned are asked to help the people of Korea by responding the requests of the Unified Commando l should like to express the hope, in this connexion, that our compassion for the innocent victims aggression will ultimately be accompanied by mercy and forebearance for those who, through subversion and .false propaganda, were induced to support or connive in the brutal assauit. In conclusion, l should like to say that the cirait resolution before the Council seems to supplement a necessary and proper way the Council's previous resolutions on Korea, The United Nations would neglect an important part of its dutY if it failecI combine humanitarian aid with its military aid. Mr. AUSTIN (United States of America): The c1raft resolution now before the Council is intended set forth in a preliminary way the United Nations responsibilities towards the eivilian population now suffering in Korea. Every military conflict brings in its wake suffering ta civilian populations-women, children, the aged and the homeless, Thnt is happening in Korea now. Refugees by the hundreds of thousands have Red Our examination of the problem has demonstrated ta us that the most practical method of handlingrelief is throug-h the Unified Command and its field agency, . the United Nations Commando Relief at this moment is, of course, an adiunct of the military ooerations. AH of our combined efforts must be co-ordinated as sn:lOothly as possible with the heroic strug-g-les of United Nations forces on the battlefield. For that reason the cIraft resolution places primary responsi- ,bilitv on the Unified Command for detenninine: the i requirements of relief and support, and for establishingin the field the procedures for providing such relief and support. . The draft resolution invokes for the first time one of the far-sie:hted provisions of the Charter-Article 65. Article 65 provides: "The Economie and Social Council mav furnish in formation to the Security Council and shaH assist the Security Council upon hs request." We consider that such a request is mandatory: indeed, before the Economie and Social Council can clis charg-e this function. it is absolutely necessary that the Secttrity Cot111cil should make the request. T·he draft resolution also invokes for the first time. in the case of an aggression, the assistance of the specialized ag-el1cies, whieh have wiselv. under the tenns of their ag-rE'ements with the United Nations, foreseen the need for integrated international action in a world crisis. This draft resolution is a historie step in the total mohilization of world peace machinery. T,he agencÎes we have created so oainstakingly over a period of five years are now available for a massive, organized effort to meet the human problems brought upon us by aggressive warfare. This is the first tÎme in history that such tools have been at hand, readymade, in an emergency of this kind. . 1 Under this draft resolution, the Economie and .' Social Council and the specializecl agencies assodated with the United Nations can begin to examin<; th.eir programmes and to recast them as necessary, 111 Ime - As relief needs b&ome apparent, the Unified Coml1Jand Can make them known to the United Nations. AU loyal Members will undoubtedlv wish to contribute what they can to meet these ~eeds, in accordance with their means and resources. Steps by step, we are building a UniÜ~d~tions programme which will annihilate aggression-no only in Korca, but throughollt the world community. Mahmoud FAWZI Bey (Egypt) : Before the Council proceeds to a vote on the draft resolution submitted by the delegations of France, Norway and the United Kingdom, l sho111d like to explain my delegation's vote. In the light of Egypt's support of and vote for the Council's resolution of 25 June [473rd meetingJ. and notwithstanding some general ancl technical considerations related to Egypt's position with regard to the Council's resolutions of 27 June [474th meeting] and 7 J uly [S/1588J, ancl particularly in view of the objective of the present draft resolution, which aims at alleviating thehardships and privations to which the people of Korea are subjectecl, my delegation will vote in favour of this draft resolution. Mr. TSIANG (China): My delegation welcome~ this draft resolution. While l am not in a position to make any definite offer, l am sure that myGovemment and people would wish ta do ail they can for the relief of their Korean brethren. . The representative of the Republic of Korea ha~ just told us that the staple food of the Korean people is rice. Rice is also China's staple food. Tt is quite possible that my Government would be able to help the Korean refugees in that respect.

l shal1 now put the draft resolution to the vote. A vote ~eJas taken by show of hands, as follows,' ln favo:ur: China, Cuba, Ecuador, Egypt, France, India, Norway, United Kingdom of Great Britain and N orthern Ireland, United States of America. . A b'Siaining: Yugoslavia. Absent: Union of Soviet Soci~list Republics. The resolution was adopted by 9 votes in favour UJith one abstention) one of the members of the Council being absent.l Ml'. AUSTIN (United States of America): I have ! asked permission to speak for 'the purpose of subrnitting a draft resolution.. } Since the Republic of Korea was attacked five weeks ago, the action of the Security Coundl has been directed towards halting the aggression and restoring peace and security in the area. Implicit in ail the , action taken has been the effort to keep the conflict localized. Success in this effort would not only restore peace much more rapidly, but would also remove the danger inherent in every conflict, namely, the danger of its spreading and becoming even more destructive and terrible. It is c1ear that not ail the Members of the United Nations are supporting this vital peace-making effort of the United Nations. Moral, if not material, support i8 being given to the North Korean authorities that can fairly be regarded as giving aid and comfort to the enemy of the United Nations. This is a matter of serious concern. In these circumstances it seems wise ta reinforce the efforts of the Security Council to keep the conflict localized. l am therefore submitting for the consideration of the Council a drait resolution aimed at supporting that objective. The hour is late and l do not propose that we should discuss it today, but l ask that it should be placed on the agenda for consideration at our next meeting. I shall' now read this draft resolution [S/1653]: "Condemns the North Korean authorities for their continued defiance of the United Nations; "CaUs ttpon ail States to use their influence to prevail upon the authorities of North Korea to cease this defiance; "CaUs upon ail States to refrain from assisting or cn.couraging the North Korean authorities and to refrain from action which l11ight lead to the spread 3. The resolution, as adopted, was subsequently distributed as 5/1657. This is a development of great practical and even greater historical significance. The Couneil, in taking note of it, will, l feel sure, wish to add an expression of its hope that other contributions, particularly of land troops, can be added as soon as possible to the United Nations forces which are now being assembled. The meeting 1'ose at 4.15 p.m. Printed in U.S.A. Priee in the