S/PV.496 Security Council

The incident 1S closed. Le PRÉSIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : L'incident est clos. En ma qualité de représentant du ROYAUME-UNI DE GRANDE-BRETAG1\TE ET D'IRLANDE DU NORD - si le Conseil veut bien m'autoriser à dire quelques mots en cette qualité - je tiens à déclarer que, pour aussi étrange que cela puisse paraître, le représentant du Royaume-Uni et le Président du Conseil de sécurité s'accordent à penser que presque tout ce qui pouvait être dit au sujet des trois projets de résolution dont le Conseil est saisi a été dit et que, sous réserve peut-être d'une modification au projet de résolution que l'Union soviétique a présenté en date du 4 août [S/1668] et dont le sort a déjà été partiellement réglé par le Con- seil [494ème séance], il ne reste, pratiquement, qu'à passer au vote. Au cas où il y aurait des doutes à cet égard, j'ajouterai que la délégation du Royaume-Uni votera en faveur du projet de résolution des Etats- Unis et contre les autres. In my capacity as representative of the UNITED KINGOOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN lRELAND, if the Council will aIlow me to say a few words in that capacity, 1 should say that, strange to say, the repre- sentative of the United Kingdom agrees with the President of the Security Council in helieving that almost everything that couId he said as regards aU three draft resolutions now in front of the Council has been said, and that, subject perhaps to some new formulation of the Soviet Union draft resolution of 4 August [S/1668], part of which has already been decided by the Coundl [494th meeting], aIl that now remains in practice for the Council to do is to vote. In case there is any doubt C.l this ,oint, 1 might per- haps add that the United Kingdom delegation will vote in favour of the United States draft resolution and against the others. Speaking now as PRESIDENT, 1 suggest that the Council proceed at once to vote on the first draft reso- lution before it, namely, the draft resolution of the United State3 [S/1653J. Prenant la parole maintenant en tant que PRÉSIDENT, je propose que le Conseil vote immédiatement sur le premier projet de résolution dont il est saisi, à savoir le projet de résolution des Etats-Unis [S/1653]. Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (!ranslated from Russian) : l agree with the President's Vlew that the first two draft resolutions should he voted Upon a!ter the end of the debate. As to the third draft M. MALIK (Union des Républiques socialistes so- viétiques) (traduit dtt russe): Monsieur le Président, j'accepte votre conclusion selon laquelle les deux pre- miers projets de résolution devraient être mis aux voix dès la fin de la discussion. Pour ce qui est du troisième projet de résolution [S/1679], il porte sur une question distincte, et la délégation de l'URSS. qui l'a présenté, se réserve le droit d'expliquer les raisons pour !esquelles elle en a saisi le Conseil. En effet, elle n'a pas encore pris la parole à ce sujet. Si on m'accorde du temps, j'exposerai le point de vue de la délégation de l'Union soviétique, soit maintenant, soit plus tard, c'est-à-dire après que les deux premiers projets de résolution aient été mis aux voix. Au cours de la séance d'hier, le Conseil est convenu d'examiner les projets de résolution dans l'ordre dans lequel ils lui ont été soumis. Puisque personne ne s'op- pose à ce que nous passions au vote sur les deux pre- miers projets de résolution, nous pourrions procéder ainsi. Quant au troisième projet de résolution, la délé- gation de l'URSS a l'intention de faire une déclaration resol~t1on [S/1679] , this is an entirely independent question and the USSR delegation, which submitted that draft! :ese~ves the right to explain its motives for s~bmltttng It. My delegation has not yet spoken on thls ;trlatter: If 1 am allowed the time, 1 shall state the SovIet Umon delegation's point of view either now Or later, after the first two draft resolutions have been voted upon. It ~as agreed at yesterday's meeting of the ::'t.::,..;tv Codunctl that we should discuss draft resolutions in the or er of th . b" A to ta . elr su mISSIon. s there are no objections 1ktng a vote on the first two draft resolutions we coud d d ' 1 procee to 0 so. As regards the third draft ~~so u~on, the USSR delegation, as its author, intends ma e a statement on the question and has the right, ce~d to the vote now on the first draft resolution hefore it - t.lJ.at is to say, the United States draft - it will he perfectly in order for any member to make a state- ment explaining his vote on the other two draft resolu- tions before the vote is taken. . 1 understand from what the USSR representative has said that he wishes to make an explanatory state- ment in regard to the third draft resolution, that is to say, the one connected with bombing. There may, how- ever, he other members who wish to make explanatory statements regarding their votes on the second draft resolution. What 1 would suggest, therefore, for the consideration of the Council, in view of the circum- stances, is that we proceed now to vote on the first draft resolution, namely, that of the United States, and then perhaps consider whether it would not be advisable for us to adjourn. However, if the motion for adjcum- ment is opposed, we can of course continue. Ml'. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian): 1 think it would be ad- visable, if we are proceeding to the vote, to vote today on the United States draft resolution and on the first USSR draft resolution as the discussion has shown that most of the representatives have referred mainly to those two drafts. ln arder, therefore, to complete the first stage of our work in the discussion of this question, we should vote on both the United States draft resolution and on the first USSR draft resolution, since we have already discussed them. As to the second draft - on the question of barbarous bombing - this should be dis- cussed later.

1 shaH then propose that we vote first of aIl on the first draft resolution, that submitted by the United States. 1 would then propose that we vote this evening in any case on the second draft. That second vote may have ta be preceded by a statement explaining his vote by at least one member of the Council- not the Soviet Union representative but an- other member. At that stage, having taken a vote on the second draft resolution, it would be in order for the USSR representative, if he so desired, to move the adjournment and we could then see if the Couneil wished to adjourn or not. If it wished to adjourn, we should have to continue tomorrow and if it did not so wish we should have to go on now. Ml'. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian) : 1 do not intend to move an adjournment. That is for the Couneil to deeide.

We can now proceed to the vote on the draft resolution submitted by the United States, containcd in document S/1653. M. MALIK (Union des Républiques socialistes so- viétiques) (traduit du russe): J'estime que si nous passons maintenant au vote, il serait judicieux que nous nous prononcions tant sur le projet de résolution des Etats-Unis que sur le premier projet de résolution de l'URSS, car, comme l'ont montré nos débats, pres- que tous les représentants ont exposé leur point de vue quant au fond sur ces deux textes. C'est pourquoi, afin de terminer la première étape de nos travaux sur cette question, il serait sage de voter tant sur le projet de résolution des Etats-Unis que sur le premier projet de résolution de l'URSS, étant donné que nous les avons étudiés tous les deux. Pour ce qui est du deuxième projet de résolution, celui qui vise les bombardements barbares, la question devra être exa- minée ultérieurement. Le PRÉSIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Je propose donc de mettre d'abord aux voix le premier projet de résolution, celui des Etats-Unis. Je propose ensuite au Conseil de se prononcer ce soir, en tout cas, sur le deuxième projet. Ce deuxième vote sera peut-être pré- cédé d'au moins une explication de vote - émanant non du représentant de l'Union soviétique, mais d'un autre membre du Conseil. A ce moment, le deuxième projet de résolution ayant été mis aux voix, le repré- sentant de l'URSS pourra, s'il le désire, proposer de lever la séance et nous verrions alors si le Conseil ac- cepte ou non cette proposition. Si le Conseil désire lever la séance, nous poursuivrons nos travaux demain, sinon nous devrons côntinuer à siéger. M. MALIK (Union des Républiques soeialistes so- viétiques) (traduit du russe) : Je n'ai nullement l'in- tention de présenter une motion de clôture. C'est au Conseil qu'il appartient de trancher cette question. Le PRÉSIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : Nous pouvons maintenant mettre aux voix le projet de résolution sou- mis par les Etats-Unis, qui figure dans le document S/1653.

In that case we shall hear only two quotations from the representative of the USSR. Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russùm) : The Ecuadoran representa- tive's speech contained two remarks bordering on slander about the Soviet Union and the Soviet people. He alleged, in the first place, that the USSR was in- tolerant of the philosophical and political systems of other peoples and, in the second place, that it treated small countries and peoples with contempt. Although such remarks sound like gross slander, 1 do not propose, for the time being, to ascribe to the representative of Ecuador any slanderous intentions against my country and my people. 1 consider that his remarks are to be explained bya lack of adequate information concerning the fads resulting, first, from the great distance sep- arating his country and mine and, secondly, from the fact that the Ecuadoran representative, like the Ecua- doran people, is obliged to live and work under the constant and deafening pressure of propaganda hostile to the Soviet Union, propaganda emanating from the United States through the medium of. the notorious "Voice of America". In view of this, 1 should like, for purposes of infor- mation, to make two quotations from statements by the President of the Conneil of Ministers of the USSR, Mr. J. V. Stalin, concerning the attitude of the Gov- ernment and people of the Soviet Union towards the systems of other peoples, and concerning USSR policy towards small countries and peoples. 'In an interview with a prominent member of the Republican Party of the United States, Harold Stassen, in the spring of 1947, Generalissimo Stalin made the following statement: "... We should not engage in critieism of one an- ot?er's systems. Every people adheres to the system it wlshes and to which it can adhere. History will show which system is the best. We must respect the systems chasen and approved by the people. Whether or not the s1stem of the United States of America is a good one IS a matter for the American people. It is not essential to co-operation that the peoples concerned should have the same system. The system approved by the ... 'ople must be respected. Co-operation is feasible only on that condition." . As regards the second question, Generalissimo Stalin made. the following statement in April 1948 on the occasIon of the signing of a treaty between the USSR and Finland: Le PRÉSIDENT (traduit de l'angla.ïs) : Dans ce cas, nous n'entendrons que deux citations du représentant de l'URSS. M. MALIK (Union des Républiques socialistes so- viétiques) (traduit du russe) : Dans l'intervention du représentant de l'Equateur se sont glissées deux obser- vations qui frôlent la calomnie contre l'Union soviétique et son peuple. Le représentant de l'Equateur a déclaré, tout d'abord, que l'URSS ne fait preuve d'aucune tolérance à l'égard des systèmes philosophiques et politiques des autres peuples et il a ajouté qu'elle méprisait les petits nations et les petits peuples. Des observations de cette nature ressemblent à de grossières calomnies mais, pour le moment du moins, je n'ai pas l'intention d'attribuer au représentant de l'Equateur des intentions calomnieuses à l'égard de mon pays et de mon peuple. Je pen.>e que ses observations trouvent leur explication dans une connaissance insuffisante des faits et cela, tout d'abord, en raxson des grandes distances qui séparent mon pays du sien et, en second lieu, parce que le représentant de l'Equateur, comme le peuple équatorien, doit vivre et travailler sous la pression constante et assourdissante d'une propagande hostile à l'Union soviétique diffusée des Etats-Unis par la fameuse "Voix de l'Amérique". A ce propos, je voudrais citer, à titre de renseigne- ments, deux extraits de déclarations faites par le Prési- dent du conseil des ministres de l'URSS, J. V. Staline, sur la question de l'attitude du Gouvernment et du peuple de l'Union soviétique à l'égard des régimes sous lesquels vivent les autres peuples, ainsi que sur la ques- tion de la politique suivie par l'URSS à l'égard des petites nations et des petits peuples. Au cours d'un entretien qu'il a eu au printemps de 1947, avec Harold Stassen, un membre influent du parti républicain aux Etats-Unis, le maréchal Staline a déclaré: ". . . Il ne faut pas se livrer à la critique de nos systèmes respectifs. Chaque peuple suit le système qu'il veut et peut suivre. L'histoire jugera lequel est le meil- leur. Il faut respecter les systèmes que les peuples ont choisis et acceptés. C'est au peuple américain qu'il ap- partient de décic!er si celui qui prévaut aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique est bon ou mauvais. Pour que les peuples coopèrent, il n'est pas indispensable qu'ils aient des régimes identiques. Il faut respecter les systèmes que le peuple a choisis. Ce n'est qu'à cette condition que la coopération est possible." En ce qui concerne la deuxième question, le maréchal Staline, à l'occasion de la signature d'un accord entre l'l!RSS et la Finlande, en avril 1948, a déclaré ce qui sUIt: This is the attitude of the USSR Government towards the systems of other nations and peoples and towards smalt' nations and peoples. Mr, QUEVEDO (Ecuador): First of all. 1 wish to thank the representative of the Soviet Union for his clarification. Secondly, T should like to say that, when he reads the verhatim record of my speech in English, he \\;11 completely understand the scope of that speech. 1 have always said that we respect others' opinions. but we like to have our o\Vn opinions respected. My delegation strongly resents the fact that, \Vhenever it casts a vote in accordance \Vith instructions of its Gov- emment, it finds itself included in statements to the effect that countries backing certain resolutions are simply satellites, puppets or slaves. 1 am very glad that Generalissimo Stalin has a deep respect for small countries' ideas and organizations. 1 ardently hope that whenever my delegation casts a vote. the Soviet Union representative will respect that vote and believe that it is due to a sincere conviction. We also believe that different systems of life may live together at peace. That is e.'Cactly why we are here: to ask that the small Korean nation - small in compari- son with its neighbour - should he absolutely free to choose its own system of social and political life. The PRESlDEST: History will indeed decide, whether Generalissimo Stalin is right as regards the USSR eJOvemment's attitude towards small nations, or rather the representative of Ecuador. However, the point, though important, is not immediately relevant, and 1 suggest that the Council should now proceed to vote on the United States draft resolution, S/1653, which was submitted on 31 July 1950, A t'ote was takeu by sh(Y'<lJ of hands, as follO'l{'s: In favour: China, Cuba, Ecuador, Egypt, France, India, N'orway, 'Cnited Kingdom of Great Britain and ~orthern Ire1and, 'Cnited States of America. Against: 'Cnion of Soviet Socialist Republics. Abstaining: Yugoslavia. S'abstient: la Yougoslavie. th~ Council, document S/l668, submitted by the USSR on 4 August 1950, entitled "Peaceful settlement of the Korean question", l propose to put it to the vote. However, if it is put to the vote in its present form, the Council must apply the samc procedure it adopted when a similar draft resolution [S/1751] regarding the representation of the Korean people was presented to it by the Soviet Union representative. In other words, if this draft resolution is rejected, it must be on the understanding that nothing in its rejection prejudices the right of the representative of the Korean Republic to be pres~nt at this table during the discus- sion of item 2 011 our present agenda. Alternative1y, it would be possible, of course, to amend the draft resolution by simply omitting the words "and also to hear representatives of the Korean people". Those words might be omitted on the ground that a decision on that point has already been taken by the Council [494th meeting]. It is really for the representative of the Soviet Union to say. Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from Russian) : The USSR delegation has already stated its point of view at our last meeting during the discussion of a similar question, and it maintains that view, considering that the decision of 25 June to invite only a representative of South Korea was adopted illegally. As regards the draft resolution under discussion, the USSR de1egation insists on its being voted upon in the form of words in which it was submitted by the delegation of the Soviet Union. The PRESIDENT: lt is my understanding that it is the wish of the Soviet Union delegation to have this draft resolution voted on in the form in which it is now before the Council. That being so, l would pro- pose to put it to the vote on the assumption that my ruling which was made in respect of the USSR draft resolution, the text of which is document S/1751, of 1 September, applies equally to the present draft reso- lution. ~ahmoud FAWZI Bey (Egypt): Rad the represen- tatlve of. the Soviet Union accepted the suggestion of the President, l should not have spoken before we pI'Oceeded to the vote 0n this draft resolution. However, now .that he has not accepted the suggestion of the PreSIdent, l find myself meeting the same difficulties a~ at,previous meetings in connexion with the expres- SIOn and also to hear representatives of the Korean p~ople". l hope that the representative of the USSR wIll agree that we vote p"ragraph by paragraph on his draft resolution and that this part be voted upon sep- arately. In any case, l shall endeavour not to cause more complexities and delay in the work of the Council, but l want it to be very dearly undeTstood that l am Do 1 understand rightly that the Egyptian represen- tative wishes the vote to he taken :. two parts? Mahmoud FAWZI Bey (Egypt): My preference is that we divide the voting and vote on the other parts separately f"om that part connected with the repre- sentation of the people of Korea, as it is put in this draft resolution. May 1 add that we have to have the agreement of the representative of the Soviet Union on this, or at least a lack of opposition on his part.

Would the lJSSR representative object to the vote being taken in two parts? Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated trom Russian): 1 assume that the diffi- culties with which the Egyptian representative is faced could be overcome by a reservation which he could make .during the voting. The usuai procedure is as follows: representatives vote for or against, or they abstain, or they do not vote at aB; they reserve their position regarding the parts of the draft resolution to which they are opposed either before or after the vote. Mahmoud FAWZI Bey (Egypt): 1 am very giad ta be able to oblige the representative of the Soviet Union. He asked whether 1 had any reservations to make. 1 should like to say that as regards the part of the USSR drait resolution which reads "and also to hear repre- sentatives of the Korean people", 1 want it to be put into the record that my abstention in the vote should be taken as a non-participation in the vote. This would be in accordance with my previous decision in this con- nexion, for which 1 have already explained my motives.

The explanation of the attitude of the representative of Egypt being on the record, would he now agree that we could vote on the Soviet Union draft resolution as a whole? Mahmoud FAWZI Bey (Egypt): Yeso

In that case we can now proceed to vote on the USSR draft resoiution, contained in document S/1668, entitled "Peaceful settlement of the Korean quest10n", on the same assumption we made Permettez-moi d'ajouter qu'il noùs faut le consente- ment du représentant de l'Union soviétique sur ce point, ou que du moins nous devons nous assurer qu'il ne s'y oppose pas. Le PRÉSIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Le représen- tant de l'Union soviétique serait-il opposé à la division? M. MALIK (Union des Républiques socialistes so- viétiques) (traduit du russe): J'estime que les diffi- cultés que rencontre le représentant de l'Egypte pour- raient être résolues au moyen d'une réserve que ce représentant pourrait formuler au cours du vote. La procédure généralemeT't admise est en effet la suivante: les représentants votent pour ou contre, ou bien iis s'abstiennent ou ne prennent pas part au vote, en for- mulant avant ou après le vote des réserves sur ies parties du projet de résolution qu'ils ne sont pas en mesure d'appuyer. Mahmoud FAWZI Bey (Egypte) (traduit de l'all- glais) : Je suis très heureux de pouvoir faire plaisir au représentant de l'Union soviétique. Il a demandé si j'avais des réserves à formuler. Je dois dire qu'en ce qui concerne la partie du projet de résolution de l'URSS qui porte "et d'entendre également des repré- sentants du peuple coréen", mon abstention doit être considérée comme une non-participation au vote; et je tiens à ce qu'il en soit pris acte. Cette décision est con- forme à celle que j'ai prise précédemment à ce même sujet, et dont j'ai déjà expliqué les motifs. Le PRÉSIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Les explica- tions fournies par le représentant de l'Egypte concer- nant son attitude étant maintenant enregistrées, le re- présentant de l'Egypte accepte-t-il que nous mettions aux voix l'ensemble du projet de résolution de l'Union soviétique? Mahmoud FAWZI Bey (Egypte) (traduit de l'an- glais) : Oui, Monsieur le Président. Le PRÉSIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Dans ce cas, nous pouvons mettre aux voix le projet de résolution de l'URSS, qui figure dans le document S/1668, et i.ltitulé "Règlement pacifique de la question coréenne", A vote was taken by a show of hands, as follows: In favour: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Against: China, Cuba, Ecuador, France, India, Nor- way, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America. Abstai1;ing: Egypt, Yugoslavia. The draft resolution was rejected by 8 votes to one, with 2 abstentions. Mr. AUSTIN (United States of America): Unless there is something pressing which 1 do not know about, 1 should like to move that the Cauneil adjourn until 11 a.m. tomorrow, 7 September. The PRESIDENT: The suggestion has been made that the Council should adjourn until 11 a.m. tomorrow. 1 take it that if the Couneil meets tomorrow at Il a.m., it could also meet at 3 p.rn. Mr. AUSTIN (United States of America): Yes, 1 understand that. It is for the purpose of gaining time and performing our work that 1 have asked to have the adjournment until tomorrow morning instead of the afternoon. The PRESIDENT: If there is no objection on the part of any member of the Security Council, we shall ad- journ the meeting until Il a.m. tomorrow, 7 Septem- ber, on the assumption that there will be a further meeting at 3 p.m. The meeting rose at 6.30 p.m. r La sémlce est levée d 18 h. 30.