S/PV.603 Security Council

The provisional agenda for today's meeting has been drawn up in conformity with rule 10 of the Secur;ty Council's provisional rules of procedure. The agenda lS the same as that adopted at our last meeting, with the necessary deletion. If there are no objections, l shaH take it that the agenda is adopted, subject to the same reservations as were made at previous meetings. AdmililsÎon of new Members: (b) New applications for me~ber8hip (8/2446,8/2466,8/2672 and 8/2706) (continued) . .

The Security Council will now resume its discussion of sub-item 2 (b) of the agenda. 3..Mr. AUS-:r:IN (United Su..tes of America): The Umted States IS among those thirty States that have recoghized Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. Each of these States has shown in concrete ways its desire to ma:ke constructive contributions to the United Nations and to the principles of the Charter. 4.. First of aIl, they have each given demonstration of thlS by their memberships .in the. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the Food and Agricultural Organization, the World Health Organization, the International Telecommunication Union and the Universal Postal Union; Vietnam is also a member of the International Labour Organisation. 7. Thus, in addition to filing their respective formaI declarations, they have accepted the obligations contained in the Charter. These applicants have shown their desire to participate in ,and contribute to the developmen't of international co-operation. 8. ' The United States 'warmly supports each of these three applications and will vote in ravour of cach of them. . 9. Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republies) (translated from Ru,ssian): The principle of simultaneity in the consideration of the question of the admission of new Members to the United Nations was confirmed at our [602nd] meeting yesterdayas the, result of a light-hearted act by the French representative. He asked the President for permission ta speak on three applicants at once, that is ta say, to consider three applications for membership at one and the same time. We cannot but welcome the fàct that the principle of simultaneity is begirIllÎng ta gain recognition in the Security Council. 10. In accordance with this principle, l intend to speak on four, not ,three, applications for membership at once, sinee the Security Council has received not three,but four applications from Indo-China and all these applications àre ta be found on the Council's agenda. H. L ne French Millister for Foreign Affairs submitted ta the Council thret applications for membership in the United Nations, from Bao Dai's Vietnam, the Kingdom of Laos and the Kingdom of Cambodia, which were established in Indo-China by French ruling cirdes with the help and assistance of the ruling circ1es in the United States. The mere fact that a special official statement by a French Minister was 'needed for the submission of these applications to the United Nations gives a true idea of the kind of "States" these are and of their degree of independence or, more properly, of the extent to which they are dependent and puppet States. 12. As early as 29 December 1951, the Security Council received a telegram from the Government of tlie Democratie Republic of Vietnam containing an application for the admission of the Republic to mem- . bership in the United Nations [5/2466]. This telegram, which was issued as a Security Council docÙtt1ent, formaUy apprised the Coundl that the Democratie kepublic of Vietnam had applied for membership as early as 22 November 1948 [512780] and that the Gàvemment of that Republic had even then declared that it was the sole legitimate govemment' of Vietnam, that it wished ta confirm that it assumed the obligations laid down in the United Nations Charter, and that it would fulfil thbse obligations. 13. The application also contained the following .statement: 16. Japanese troops occupied Indo-China, converting it from a French into a Japanese colony. Rence, long before the outbreak of the war in the Pacifie, France renounced If'do-China and gave it over to the Japa1!ese imperialists. A deal was c-(jfiduded betwèen the-ruling circles in France and Japan. The people of Indo-China passed from hand to hand, from one colonizer to another. The transaction was effected behind the people's back, without their knowledge or consent. Their answer to it was a courageous, heroic struggle conducted under the onerous conditions of the Japanese occupation. In 1941, the first steps were taken toward the creation of,a partisan àrmy, and the Democratic Fron.t for the Independence of Vietnam was established. 17. By the end of 1944 partisan detachments had liberated seven provinces of northern Vietnam and national organs of authoritv were established in the liberated areas. - 18. ~he Dem:ocraticFrGnt and the partisan forces of the VIetnam peopl~ became such a considerable forcethat even the Japanese militarists with their vaunted "invincibility and omnipotence" could not handle them, They were compelled to carry out a number of manœuvres. The'Japanese imperialists took the course of setting up puppet "national States" in Indo-China 11l1der their control, headed by feudal1andowning and reactionary comprador' elements which had previously served the French colonizers and had subsequently gone ovetto the' service of the Japal1ese învaders. 19. The Democratie Front of Vîetnam and the rebel ~rmy of Vietnam patriots intensified. the nationalltberation resistance. ,Ti.e' .liberâted territories were officially combined into a single liberated area. " 23. General elections werehetd on 6 Tanuary 1946 ta elect a ,National· Assembly of the Republic. The. elections were heldon tl1ebasis oi.wiver.sal, 9ua1 suf"rrage for aÎÎ wÎtnout distinction as to race, religion, property status or sex. Ninety-two pel' (;ent of the Republie's electorate!ook part in the e1ections. . 24. On S November 1946, a democratie. constitution was introduced, embodying all the achievements of the Vietnam ~ople's national struggle for liberation. The CO!!Htihttion guarantees the fundamental rights of ciltizens ~ freedom of speech and of the Press, freedom oi ~.Gz~mbly and conscience. It contains provision for compuhlory free e1ementary education, social insurance, arid th~ like. .25. _After...establisbing ·.iheïr free,·· independentand sovereign State, the Vietnam people took up the task of peaceful construction, ofcarrying out the wide democratic reforms and changes proclaimed in the Constitution and in the fundamental laws of the Republic. . 26. The Vietnam people, however, were not able for long to live and workin peace-time conditions. Uninvited foreign guest~ soon appeared in Vietnam territory __ British and Kuomintang troops who invaded Vietnam unde.r the pretext of disarming the ]apanese. After .. themt'eturned the French colonizers who, with the help of British colonial troops, began apredatory colonial war against the Democratie Republie of Vietnam with theobjeet of restoring their suzerainty in Jndo-China. 2'l.Without sufficient armed forces attheir disposaI, howevef, and meeting staunch resistance by the Vietnam people, the French authorities were obliged 28. The development of subsequent events has shown, however, that French ruling circles had and have no intention of fulfilling the obligations they undertook li11der thetreaty with the Government of the Democratie Republicof Vietnam. .. 29; The treaty was soon crude1y violated by the French. Instead of withdrawing their troops, French ruling circles initiated a widespread colonial war throughout the territory of Vietnam, concentrating an army of over 100,000 men, including the Foreign Legion, which mainly consists of Hitlerite 55 men.. This traitorous attack enabled them to seize several coastal towns, including the capital, Hanoi. But the military successes of the French authority were shortlived. Resistance stiffened. As the result of national resistance, the frequent attacks of the interventionists were süœessfully repuiseà by the people of Vietnam. At the beginning of this year, as has been reported in the ~ress, 90 per cent of the whole territory of Vietnam was under the control of the Government of the Democratie Repüblic. The Democratie Republic of Vietnam has established normal diplomatie relations with a nwnber of countries. 30. The seven-year strllggle of the people of Vietnam for victory and for the independence of its country represents years of incessant labour and the building of a new democratic State.. The growth and entrenchment of the Democratie .Republic of Vietnam are reflected .. mainly in the.substantialmilitarysuccesses.achie"ledby the Vietnam people on the fronts of the war of liberation. The frequent, cal'efully prepared, and widely propagandized offensive operations of the foreign interventionists, backed by modern American milit~ry technique, have met with the resistance of the whole Vietnam people al'ld with its indomitable will to victory. The offensive operations met with failure. Even organs of the French Press which can in no way be suspected of sympathy towards the Republic. of Vietnam have been ~ompelled to admit the hopelessness of ..the colonial war 1~ Vietnam. Thus, the French periodical L'Année politique et économique writes as follôws: . th" "The war in Indo-China represents a. hopeless deadlock for us ... 25 million inhabitants of Vietnam are nearly unanimous in desiring our withdrawal." It is unnecessary to comment on such a qttôtation. 31. As is shown, the ruling cirdes of. the United States have prodaimed themselves as am~s. and éo- .' ",_.eC'{}.n.9w.k~n4~.mtfui:d=rrratî:ers; "'Thé·unîty ot ·our people is stien~hened day by day. The national united front of Vietnam now has a firm basis in aIl parts of the country." 33. The failure of military intervention in Indo-China was admitted by none other than the notorious Munichite Daladier, who wrote as follows inthe newspaper L'Information of 22 Novembef 1951: . "The official estimate for our military expenditure in Indo-China in 1951 alonea..'l1ounts to 330,000 million francs. Owîng. to the rise in prices and also to the incessant increase of the numbers of the expeditionary force, which now amounts to 188,000 men, we should foresee an increase of 100,000 million francs for 1952. Wefeel that the war in Indo-China will have themostseriouseffecton our financial and our military situation. .. It is impossible to fotesee a victorious and rapid end to a war which has contintied for five years and has so much in common with the war in Spain in Napoleonic times and with the Mexican expedition atthe time of the Second Empire." 34. In December last year, the Frenc1J.newspaper L'Intransigeant wrote as follows' "France. is para.lysed by the war in. Indo-China, ..., \iVhenever Franceattempts to carry out any decisive' action, .it becomes increasingly obvlous that it is paralysed by' .Indo...China." 35. The newspaper Franc-Tireur openly made the following statement atthe.same. time : "It, is now clear thatthe French failure in Ihdo- Chinais complete". 36. .Ail this .compelsFrench authorities '~nd' their American'protectors in Indo~China ta resort tû the methodsused by the former ]apanese occupiers, when _o-".~t~'-clr~·W.~1?fLa~~h1~dget:-and~,-t~~~'.!a-te~tax'€s.:_::c~_oc-==~--'~~~-,.o 39. As regards the royal pupp,~t régime in Cambodia, the same American correspondent ,reports thatKing Sikhanukascended the throne as the result of a revoIt instigated by the French and that there can be no question of any constitutional rule. 40. This is the appraisal given by the American Press to the French puppets in lndo-China. This is confirmed in the application of Bao Dai's Vietnamfor admission to membership in the United Nations. As l have already pointed out at a previous meeting, the application [Sj2756] contains the following statement: "It is only by reason of cil'cumstances" beyond its .control, to wit the state of disturbance still prevailing in certain parts ofits territory, that the' Vietnam Government" - that is, Bao ,Dai- "has not yet been able to set up Representative Assemblies, as it would have wished." 41. It is not surpiising in these circumstances that b.e French and American masters of these pllppets have to take extraordinary measures to increase the "authority" of therr puppet régilpes and hence to resort to such unusualmethods as proposing the àdmission of thesepuppets to membership in the United Nations. 42. In Marc:1:l of this year, Unite,d States Secretary of ~tate Acheson was compeIled to ç,dmit that the'situation lU lndo-Chinawas "very seriot1s" and to callupon the French Command to' do 'everything in itspower to forrn.thelocal populace into military units.. Hethus put the French cornmanders faceto face with theproblem of 'establishillg' a •puppet forée in Indo-China .consisting of local quislings to be used as cannon-fcidder in the fight against the niilitary forces of the Democratie. Republic, of 'Vietnam .'andagainst the democratic' national-liberation forces of Laos and Cambodia. '44,. j\1Qreo'ver,. the New York Times, commenJng on ," Lovett's statement on the .,ituation in Indo-China,' had the following ta say: "The Secretary of Defense... stated that it was his assumption that the United States, in alliance with the armed forces of other States Membe.:s of the . United Nations, might possibly intervene in Indo- China.n 45. AlI this sheds light as to why this precise moment has been chosen to submit to the consideration of the 'Security Council the question of the admission to the United Nations of the tbree Indo..Chinese puppet tp.gimes, actively supported by the United States, as may be seen from the statement which Mr. Austin made today. ' 46. In the light of these factsl it is not difficult to understand the establishment of Franco-American puppets in Indo-China and the attempt, ,moreoverl to have them admitted to the United Nations. The purpose j~u~lea.r. The rulil1g circles in the United States intend to use thetll as a screeu behind which the Uuited States CDuld openly a..'1d'publidy send its forces tl) participate in the aggressive war against the people of ViE'tnam. Their purpose îs to engage in a colonial war a~;ainst the Indo-Chinese l,)eopie under the same conditions and using the same methods as the United States aggressors are using in their war against the, Korean ,people, namely"h.r "enlisting the, support of the armed forces of, other colonial Powers dependent upon them, the emblem and flag of the United Nations being used as a sc?een for their colonial war., ' 47. As carly as 1950, the representative of Franc~, in oneoi his communications to the United Nations, p!tblished.· as ,a United, Nations document, state:1 bfficially thatthe French am1ed forces in Indo-China were doing ',exact1y what ~he'American a!"rrled forces were doillg i~ Korea, i.e., engaging in an agQ'essivecolonial war against the peoples'of Asia., This official admission by ~he Frenchrepresentâtive may he found in document S/1586. 4&. Toadmit.Bao Dai's Vietnam, hea,dedby the royal pup}Jet ,Bao Dai, who ;first obeyed the French, then the ]ap31lese, then the Frenchagain all0, now the Americalls.and,the French, and likewise to admit Laos and Cambodia, headedbypuppetkings - protégés of the f9reign interventionists - would ,be a national insult ,to, •the people of Indo-China,,'in view of their . èouragequsstruggle for freedom and national indepenqence. It would be a most wrongful internationalact. 51. .fiil this testifies to the fact that the puppet governm~nts set up by the foreign interventionists in Inda- China' are unpopular, that the people do not support them and that these puppet States cannot repr~sent the peoples of Indo-China and consequently cannot be admitted to membership in the United Nations. 52. In view of these ci:rcumstances, the USSR delegatian objects to and will vote against the admission to the United Nations of the three puppet régimes whieh ~ave bee~ ~astily set up i~ Indo-China by the foreign mterv'mtiomsts for aggressive purposes aad in order to deprive the peoples of Indo-China of freedom and independence. 53. At th~ same time, the USSR delegation supports the application of the Government of the Democratie .L'tepu?lic of Vietnam -- the only legitimate government of VIetnam and one based on widespread popular supportconcerningthe admission of the Democratie Republic of Vietnam to membership in the United Nations. . 5,4, In support of this application, the USSR delegatian has suhmitted.aformal proposaI for the admission ?f the Democratie Republic of Vietnàm to· membership In, th~ United ,Nations [S/?773] and will press for the aaoptlon of thiS proposai. 55, Mr. TSIANG (China): It is my understanding that while for the convenience of debate we are free to discuss the threeFrench draft resolutions simultaneously" we. will vote on them separately. Simultaneous dISClls,slon to be fol1()wed by separate votes does not estabhsh any precedent for the package deal. 57. What l wish ta do now is ta calI the attention of the Security Council to the historicalsignificance of the step wHich France has taken in the Council. My Government and my people view the policy of Frallce in recent years in Indo-China in the same light as the policy of the United States in restoring independence ta the Philippines, the policy' of the United Kingdom .inrestoring independence ta India, Pakistan, Ceylon and Burma, and the policy of the Netherlands in t:estoring independence to Indonesia. This step of France is welcomed by China. We praise France for taking this step. Sb. Unfortunately, the new States of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia face difficulties. The establishment of a new State is always attended by difficulties. The history of the country in which we are meeting, the United States, proves that. T1?ere is nothing remarkable about the difficulties of these States. Vietnam, unfortunately, is faced with a special difficmty, that of a rebellion in its mid~t. \Vehave in Vietnam a rebellion inspired morally by international communism, sustained material1y by. international communism and planned to serve the purposes and the interests not of· the people of Vietnam but of international communism. l have confidence that even these difficulties will be overcome, and that as these difficulties are removed, the energie3 of Vietnam and of Laos and Cambodia will be devoted more and more to purposes of peaceful development. As' these difficulties disappear, Vietnam will rely less a.nd less on· the friendly aid of France. France itself will only welcome such a development. 59. Although l do. not pretend to know France wel1 l feel certain that France todav wishes al1 these thre~ States not ~qJy to be independént but to be strong. In so, far as the 'Üfficulties.of th~:se young States are ~elevant to our deb~i:e, they arguE! not for barring them trom membership 01 the United Na.tions, but rather, t..hese difficulties the nselves argue for' their admission, because admission t j membership in the United Nations would give these yot1pg States moral encouragement and moral comfort. 60. l feel that the Ul1Jted Nations is moraUy obliged to give just that kind of moral aid to anycountry or to anypeople struggling to be independent 'and free. My delegation will vote for the three· French draft resolutions. 61.. The P~SIDENT: In my capacity as representatlve .of BRAZIL, l wish tostate the reasons which prompt the Brazilian delegation to vote in favour of 63. In the case of States like Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, which have come of age under the auspices of the French Union and in the tradition of French culture and civilization, the Brazilian delegation feels that the United Nations is ca1led upon to act promptly and thUS set an encouraging example to other peoples which are still striving toward. self-government and emancipation. The association of Îree and independent nations is one of the cornerstones of our Organization, and a vote against the admission of newly-created States .emerging from colonial status should logically he viewed as a vote against the idea of emancipation and self-development of peoples. 64... Speaking as PRESIDENT, as I have no other spea1œr on my ·list, l shaH put to the vote the draft resolution set forth in document S/2758 on the application of Vietnam for admission to 'membership in the United Nations. A vote was taken by show of hands, as follows: In favolt"Y: Brazil, Chile, China, France, Greece, Nether1a~ds! Pakistan,. Turkey, United. KiJ1~ldQm of Great Bntaln and Northern Ireland, Uni~:t -, ···-ates of America. Against: Union of Soviet Socialist F -J:" .ics. The result of the -;Jote was 10 in favour and 1 against. The draft resolution wu;:; not adopted, the vote against being that of a permament member of the Council. 65. The PRESIQENT: l shall now put to the vote the draft resolutioIi set forth in document S/2759, which was submitted by the French delegation, on the application of Laos. A vote was taken by show of hands,as follows: Infavottr: B~azil, Chile, China, France, Greece, Netherlands, Pakistan, Turkey, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Uhited States ot America. . Against: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The result of the vote was 10 in favour and 1 agâinst. The draftresolutionwas nQtadopted, the vote against being that of a permanent raember of the Council.. 66. The PRESIDENT: Tshall now put to the vote the draft resolution set· forth indoctunent ·S/2760, on the application of Cambodia. The re.mlt of the vote was 10 in favOtw to 1 against. The draft resohttion 'was 1'lOt adopted, the vote against being that of a permanentmember of the Council. 67. The PRESIDENT: Do('s anj member of the , Council wish to speak on the draft resol'ution contained in document S/2773?

The French deleg<l.ût;d feels that there should be no need for the Security ':ouncil tn consider the draft. resolution submitted by the USSk delegation, as it thinks that this draft re;;olution is not in order, because when the Council examines a candidacy the first thing to ascertain is whether the candidacy is submitted by ~\ S~ate, and because in the case in point the so-C'.al1ed Democratie Republic of Vietnam bas none of the attributes whichconfer international status on aState or on a government. The authority whose application for admission the GSSR delegation is spc'Usoring today represents nothing but itself, that is, a political faction, and completely lacks aIl the qualifications and characteristics which make the difference between a government and a mere de facto power. 69. In his speech yesterday, the USSR representative aUuded to the parliament of this so-caUed government. The main characteristic of this parliament is that after having been elected, or rather appointed, in 1945 in conditions which aU neutral observers denounced at the time, it has never subsequently exercised the slightest parliamentary activityor the smaUest measure of control over public affairs; aU those who before 1946 had dared to oppose this so-caUed parliament have been arrested and have disappeared. What remains of this parliament today - and nobody knows where it meets nor even if it does meet -'- represents only the Vietminh party, the sole party of a bogus State purged of aU opposition. 70. My delegation therefore considers that the consideration of the candidacy of the so-called Democratie Republic of Vietnam should be set aside in view of its absurdity.. In addition, it considers that the Council should not be called upon to give an opini, ' twice in succession on the same matter. Ten members of the Council have just expressedthemselves in favourof the admission of ftieState of Vietnam, and in this way the Council has morally sanctioned both the existence of this State and its right to represent and speak for the whole of the Vietnam nation in international matters. This first vote should in my opinion exclude any possibiHty of consideration of a draft resolution which, cloaked· in non-justifiedclaims, calls en us to vote on the candidacy of Vietnam for a second time. Geographically, politically and legally there is only .one

The draft resolution contained in document S/2773, concerning the application of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam for admission to memhership in the United Nations, presented hy the Soviet Union delegation, has been discussed and it has now come to the vote. l pointed out rather exhaustively at one of our meetings that there are no' precedents in which an application has been referred automatk:ally hy the President to the Committee on the Admission of New Members without a previous indication by i:he Security Council of the course which it wished to follow. In regard to this particular applicatiort, the Council has chosen to discuss and examine the matter, and that is why the draft resolution referring to it will now be put to the vote.

My delegation entirely shares the view of the representative of France that the communication contained in document S/2466 does not cdlne from any authorized or legal representative of Vietnam. A proper application has already been made by the proper authorities, has been sponsored by the French delegation and has been voted :';'pon by this CounGÎl. In these circumstances, my delegation is more than doubtful whether the Council should consider the Soviet Union draft resolution contained in document S/2773 at aIl, but as it is before the Council, we shall of course vote against it. .

The French.representative and the United Kingdom and United States ~epresentatives who aresupporting him put themselves tnto a strange position, to .say the least, when they assert that the application of the Democratie Republîc of Vietnam was received' from an unknown·and' nonexistent State and government. In that case, why do 77. According to a communiqué from the Army Command of 'the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, during-the period between December 1946 and June 1952, the armyand people of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam have killed 219,346 enemy officers and men in the wa! of Jiberation against the foreign interventionists. How can a non-existent State, a nonexistent army, a non-e:ldstent government and a people kill over 200,000. enemy soldiers and officers in a national was of liberation? It is enough ta ask that question and ta compare the facts ta see the complete inconsistency and-absurdity of the assertions of the French representative and or the United Kingdom and United States representatives supporting him. 78. Of course, it would be naïve, ta say the least, ta expect any other statements on this subject from the French and United Kingdom representatives. They could have no other statements ta make. As far as they are concerned, oruy the governments and States which they themselves set up in colonial countries are legitimate. They do not acknowledge and do not intend ta acknowledge governments which are set up by the colonial peoples and which wish ta be free and independent and ta liberate themselves from the colonial yoke and the colonial régime. 79..The first application was made as long aga as 1948; the second application was received in 1951. It is not the fault of the Govemment of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam that certain_officiaIs of the United Nations Secretariat concealed from the Security Council that Government's application which was received by the United Nations in 1948. This application has llOW been issued as a document; members of the Security CouncU have taken official cognizance of it and know what kind of government this is, how it was established, where it is situated and wh&t it is doing. '; . 80. The French representative has not been able ta refutea single one of the facts adduced in the statement madeby the USSR representative. These facts are taken from official sources, from the French Press, the C British Press, _the statements of such· high officiaIs as Justice Douglas of·the Supreme Court of the United States, and from an aldcle by suchan outstanding French politician aS Daladier. There is every reason ta believe. that _these people have a goodknowledge of current political questions and. ofthe events which are taking .place in Indo-China, and these people have definite opinionson the subject. k~lown from the official statements of Acheson and Lovett? Lovett admitted - this can be verified from the Press; l am quoting from memory - that the United States has sent armaments to Indo-China for a considerable amount, reckoned at many millions of dollars, but even American intervention in the Indo- Chinese war has produced no results. 82. The!se are the real faets. This constitutes proof of the faet that the Democratic Republic Qf Vietnam exists, that its army, parliament and govemment exist andl which is most important and fundamentall that its people exists. Neither an army, nor a government, nor a parliament can defend the liberty and independence of aState, unless the people supports that armYI government and parliament. The Indo-Chinese people do not support the Bao Dai régime in Vietnam, the monarchist régime in Cambodia, or the monarchist régimein Laos. This has been officially admitted by such United States politicians as Justice Douglas of the Supreme Court of the United States. 83. What grounds, then, has the French representative :;::=tir~Fthatthe Government of the Democratie Republie of Vietnam is a non-existent government, th&.t the said Republic is a non-existent S!?-te? vVhat rond of phantom is this which has sent to the next worId over 200,000 enemy sQldiet:S---and officers? A fine phantom indeed. 84. In the light of the faets mentioned there are absolutely no grounds for the assertions made in the Council by the French representative, and the draft resolution which was submitted by the USSR delegation must be put to the vote. AlI those who are against the admiE~on of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam ta membershipin the United Nations will vote against the draft resolution and will thus e.'Cpress their attitude towards ihis Government and State, which is "nonexistene', according to the French representative. Everyone cau vote as he wishes. But they are obliged to vote, since the draft resolution relating to admission has been submitterl by one of the delegations to the Security Council, in àccordance with the rules of procedure· and the established practice and order of our worl<. 85. The PRESIDENT: The 'representative of the Assistant Secretary-General will give an explanation regarding the point raised by the represeqtative of the Soviet Union on the distribution of documents emanating frQ~ the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. ?6. Dr. :PJtÔfÎTCH (Secretariat): l should like t~· mform the members of the .Security Council that the . Secretariat of. the United Nations did not conceal the application from the Democratic RepubHcof Vietnam. When that application was received in November .1948, cop~es were immediately·distributed ta·all members of the Securiti Couneil Ior their .information· on the decision of the then President of the Councii. Later,. the second application~ the application of 1951 - was

In reply ta the representative of Pakistan, l might say that the Security Council decided at successive meetings toinclude in its agenda document S/2466, th~ application of the Democratie Republic of Vietnam, This matter has been discussed this morning by the Security CounciI. Unless the Pakistan delegation wishes to present a formaI proposaI to refer the matter to the Committee on the Admission or-··New Members, I think we shaH pass to the vote. 89. Mt. MALIK (Union of Soviet·Socialist Repub~ lics) (transiated fromRussian): At the [600th] meeting --".ofthe Secul;i~r.Councilon 16 September, the proposaIs to the effecf· that the applications should not be considered were withdrawn. Thus, the Seeurity Council taèitlyagreed not to consider proposaIs to omit the consideration of the application of the Demo<"Jatic Republic of Vietnam and left it on its agenda. Bydoing so, it in fact began ta corisider the application. 90. Moreover, when I drew the French represen- '.:tative's:.attention to the iact thatthe application of the Repub1ic of CVietnaritcontained the· history of the establishment of that State and a reference to the acknowledgment of that State bythe French Government, he replied that he did not·wish to answer separate questions, but would prefer to reply when the question of the admission of the RepubHe of Vietnam came up for discussion. Members of· the Security Council have thcreforetacitly agreed that the Cotincil is· proceeding to discuss thi~question. Furthermore, wheri 1. informed c·the President of the Seeurity. Council'at that meeting that "If weare proceeding to consider the application submitted by the Democratic Republie of Vietnam, 1. am prepared to speakatonee," hedid not sayat the time that Wc would not consider the question. He said then that.heproposed toptoceed to the.consideration of the Libyan appjica.tion. There were no objections {rom anyone. We eonsidered the applications for. the admission of. Libya, ]apan and the thtee Franco~American puppet States of Iado-China, but when the time came toconsider. the· application for the. admission or the De1l1ocratie Republic of Vietnam, sorne representatives, 91. What grounds are there for this? Absolutely none. l also consider that there are no grounds for challenging the ruling which the President made when he proposed that we should proceed to vote on the USSR draft resolution, thus concluding the debate on the question and expressing our views on the resolution and the application of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam by voting, and not by procedural debate. If there is any wish ta prolong the· procedural debate, let us do so by aU.means. l am prepared ta take an active part in it. In accordance with role 10, if we do not conc1ude this discussion now, l insist that a meeting of the Security Couneilshould be convened as soon as possible,. today at 3 p.m., in order that we may continue the debate, sinée any question, the consideration of which is not concluded at a given meeting, is automatically included in the agenda of the next meeting. 92. Let us continue the disèussion of t11is question, if anyorie wishes ta smother the problem in procedural debate.· This is the only angle fromwhich we can consider references ta procedure from those who are against the examination of the application of Republican Vietnam. Since the Security Conneil has begun to consider all six applications, it is essential to bring the matter to its conclusion, or, if you wish, ta continue the'procedural debate. l am preparcd to take part in it.

Beforecalling on the representative of Pakistan, l would reqv.est him not to insist on this procedural point unless he feels very strongly about it. The Couneil has discussed this matter. There seems to he a taeit consensus on the part of the Couneil 10 pass to the vote, but·if we are. going to discuss the point raised by the represen.tatives of Chile and Pakistan, a procedural· discussion will. follow which might take considerable time. .94. Mr. BŒKHARI (P.akistal,1): Xou"can l'est 'assnred, Mr. ~President, that nbbodywill attempt ta waste the time (.lf the Security Couneil unless he attaches some importanœ to the matter which he has to put on record on behalfof his Government. You have been kind enough to point out, firstofall, that this item has appeared on the agenda of the Security Council in successive meetings. I.··understood you.· toassume from that statemellt that, therefore, the Security Council could discusr3 the. application without referring it ta a com111ittee; ,I respedfully disagree. 95. .. The f:act that an item appears on the agenda of the Security Council,.espeeially if ·it is .an item relating to the admission of new Members,does not mean that, therefore, it neednot go. to a committee. Even if it is to go to a committeeit mustfirst appear on the agenda of the Security Couneil.. Therefore,its appearanceon the agenda does not signify anything with regard to the question we are discussing. 97. At the Security .Council's meeting held in the afternoon of Hi September, therepresentative of France made the following statement: "It [the French delegation] still takes the view that, as the so-ca1led Democratie Republic of Vietnam cannot be considered to be .aState, any discussion on the question (Jf its admission is pointless. l t reserves the right ta mise this prior question and to adduce whatever arguments may be necessary whenever it deems it prope:r to do so durlng the actual debate." 98. In other words, the view of the French representative was that this matter need not be dis.cussed at all .in any shape or from.That is not the point which my delegation is making. My delegation is making the point that according to rme 59, unless the Council takes a positive decision, the matter automaticaUy must go to the Committee on the Admission of New Members. In making this point'l am making exactly the same point that MI'. Malik himself made at our [599th] meeting held in the aùernoon of 12 September. l shall read from bis statement. This statement is in reference te> the application of the Democratie Republic of Vietnam. "The Seeurity Cauncii and its President must be governed by rule 59 of the rules of procedure in regard to this application, which must be referred to the Committee on the Admission of New Members. Let the Committee consider the application and reach a conclusion on ie' 99.. l have clarified my position and beyond that l have no desire toprolong tbis discussion and, least of all, to let it degenetate into a wrangle. 100.. The PRESIDENT: As 1 have explained on previous .occasions, the automatic reference of applications to the Committee On thè Admission of New Membersis contrary to aU the precedents of the CounciL As proof of this, 1 might mention the tact that the representative of Pakistan was the President of the Security CounciI dttring the month of April. The application of the Democratie Republicof Vietnam had then1;>een pending since 3 January 1952. The representiltive of Pakistan did not teel that he was compelled by the rules ,Qf .procedure to· submit this .application ta the Committee on the Admission of .New Members. That is the best praof available that there is .no such practice. as the •automatic reference ofapplicatiorts by the President··to. the Committee on the Admission of New Mêmbers.. .. ...' .' .. 101. '.Mr.SANTA CRUZ (Chile). (translated from French): l agree witll the observation made bythe 103. I shall vote against the draft reso1ution :for one reason and for one reason on1y: the people who have submitted the application in document S/2466 have no right to make such an application at all. 1 104. The PRESIDENT: As there are no further fipeakers, I sha1' put to the vote the draft reso1ution, set forth ln J{j~ument S/2773, on the application of the Democraû,c Republic of Vietnam for admission to membership iu the United Nations. A vote was taken by show of hands, as follows: In favonr: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Against: Brazi1, Chile, 'China, France, Greece, NetherIands, Pakistan, Turkey, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America. The draft resohtio'l1 was rejected by 10 votes to 1. . 105. Mr. AUSTI:r-.T (United States of America): l will not detain the Council. 1 merely wish to give an explanationof the vote of the United States against the Soviet Union draft resolution contained in document Si2773. In the opinion of the United States, this socalled Republic is not a State. Tt does not measure up to the commonly accepted test of statehood. It lias no estab1ished capital. It is simply a name given by Vietminh to their armed rebellion· against recognized authority. In the opinion of my Governinen.t, no discussion or consideration is needed to reach the conclusion that the Security Council should reject, as it has done, the Soviet Union draft resolution which attempts to give this so-called application the status of a .true request by a State for membership in the United' Natrons.

l suggest that the Security Council should meet again at 3 o'clock this afternoon io consider the matter' of the report to the General Assembly. .

If it will equally suit the convenience of the President, 1·would suggest that we shoûld meet at 3.30 p.m. because it is now 1.30 p.m.

I had not intended to speak at this late hour but the United States representative's explanation nf his vote compels me to make a few remarks on the matter. . 110. The fQIiowing facts Qf French Qrigin will indicate the e.'dent of United States participatiQn in the war of aggression against the people Qf Indo-China. 111. In July of this year the French Resident-Minister in Indo-China, MT. LetQumeau, declared after his report tQ \Vashington (the French l..aders of tt"e aggressien in Indo~Chinaare given to reporting in Washington and not in Paris) .that American military aid amounted ta no less than 40 pel' cent of the total of aid sent to Tndo-China>~{r. Acheson, the United States Secretary ofState, at a Press cQnference on 18 June, afficially annQunced that 150 American vesse1s had arrived some time before at Saigon with American anus and military supplies. According ta the American Press, t.he value Qf .American military supplies fQr the cQnduct of the aggressive war against the Indo-Chinese people already ex.ceeds $1,000 milliOIi. From fuis it fQllows that the ft..:merican ruling circ1es have long since been actively engagèd in a war against the people Qf Vietnam and that is why the representatives Qf the Ax...1ù-American bloc-headed by the United State~ of A~erica-are apposing with such hQstility the admissiQH of the Democratic Rèpublic. of Vietnam tQ the United Natimls a:t1d are even stating that they dQ not consider it to be a government and that it is nQn-existent. At the same time hundreds Qf American military transports are supplying American arms and military supplies for the struggle against this non-existent State and its people, whQ are fighting valiantly and herQically, against foreign Franéo-Amer~ca.n .intervô'"1tionists, for their freedom and independence. .. 112. Mr. KYROU (Greece): l wish tQ speak Qn a point of Qrder. l take it that und~r Qur rules Qf procedure,· after orbefore a vote is 'takell, evefy· member of ws Ç;c:>uncil has a right to explain his.vote.,Ho\vever; the statement.of the rep'''esentativeof the Soviet Union was notat alLan explanation of his vote. Itwasan inl:erprefation, or an explanation of the ~planation of the vote of the representative of the United States; . . 113.> l could go 011 toexpIain Mr. Malik's explanation of $e cx:planation, .and so on. That is why 1; wQuld suggest tha~ ',ve stick to.n~r rules ofproœdure.. ' Theme-e#i. r rose at 1.35 p.m. ..net-IIICI ..Elefth.roud.ki.... umntNl-ntEllYlNE 'J' Edilorl~1 Sudal",.:II1~nas...... Alsina 500. Buonos Aires. AUSTlAlIA-AUStrIALiE H. A. Godd~rd. 2550 Geol'ge St.. Sydney. IRIIUM-InIIQUE Agonce el Messallorlos de 10 Presse S.A.. 1+22 l'Ue du P~rsil. BfIlxoll... W. H. 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