S/PV.716 Security Council

(translated {rom Russian): On a!StlIIlinr the presidency of the Security Couneil for titis month, 1 wish to express on behaIf of ail members of the Couneil and on my own behalf our thanks to our retiring President, Mr. Belaunde, the representative of Pern. sortant, 2. As we ail know, the Security Couneil held a series of meetings last .month and took a unanimous decision on the very important question of the situation on the Syrian-Israel border arising out of the invasion of Syrian territory by Israel armed forces. Our President, Mr. Belaunde, made a considerable contribution to the successful conduct of those meetings of the Cauncil and the adoption of a unanimous decision. That is a fact which, 1 think, aIl members of the &curity Couneil will recognize. sécurité décision tion l'irruption syrien. naîtront, a séances una"lime 3. 1 hope that 1 may count on the same spirit of . co-operation and mutual understanding on the part of my colleagues in the Security Couneil. 3. Conseil même mutuelle. Adoption ofme agenda

Refore calling upon tl.ose who ba,ore asked ta speak, 1 wish ta inform the members of the Council that a letter on the matter we are' to discuss today bas .been addressed ta me by the represenotive of Egypt. 1 shall ask Mr. Protitch, the Secretary of the Security CouDeil, to read the contents of this letter.

The letter from the representative of Egypt, dated 6 February 1956, is addressed to the Pres"Jent of the Security Couneil and reads as foHows: "On the occasion of the çansideration by the ..' Security Council of'the J,ppLcation submitted by the Republic of Sudan ff,'~ membership of the United Nations [8/35431 my Government, not being a member of the SecurityCouncil, and having on the other band manifold ties of brotherhood with the people of the Sudan, should like to avail itself of this opporiunityto express anew its oost wishes of future happiness and prosperity. "Egypt was one of the two States of the previuus conaominium administering the Sudan. Egypt stood squarely behind the prineiple of self-determination ~bQdied in the Charter of the United Nations, which Was âlso specified in the agreement over the Sudan between the Republic of Egypt 2.11d the United Kingdom on 12 February, IS53. In order to assure for the. Sudanese the future status they desired, Egypt recognized the Sudan as an independent ~md sover'lgn State and established diplomatic relations with It. "As saon as the Sudan proclaimed its independence, it became amember of the League of Arab States. "Egypt whole-heartedly supports the application mbmitted by the Sudan for United Nations membership, and earnestly hopes that the Security Couneil will recommend ta the General Assembly the admission of this new Republic. "We are confident that, in the very near future, we shall see the Sudan take its place as a fulMledged Member of the United Nations. "The Sudan fulfils the requirement.s for membership speeified in the United Nations Cm.4"ter, and particularly in Article 4. "Egypt rejoices on this occasion to se'~ :;, sister country fill its position il. the community of nations, and wishes to extend to the people of the Sudan its best wishes of future happiness a.'rl prosperity. The Sudan win be another nation workmg towards world peace, and Egypt looks forward to the membership of the Sudan in the United N~tions." The letter is signed by Mr. Omar Loutfi, Permanent Representative of Egypt ta the United Nations.

We have before us today an application for membership of the United Nations submitted by a newly independent country of Arrica. This is an important and significant event. , r 9. On 1 January of this year, the Sudan completed the journey which brought it, by a series of constitutional changes, to the goal of complete independence. Since the United Kingdom was one of the. former condominium Powers, the oompletion of this constitutional process caused special pleasure in my country, and 1 am glad to have the opportunity of heing the first to speak in the Security Council in support of the 8·.dan's application to join the United Nations. 10. We have before us the S1.ldanese application for membership [S/3543]. Members of the Cour!cil will note that the Sudanese Foreign Minister bas submitted a declaration in the usual fonn, accepting the obligations contained in the United Nations Charter. 1 hope that all members of the Council will readily agree with me that there is no doubt that the Sud"\n is able and willing to carry out those obligations and that it is fully qualified, under Article 4 of the Charter, for membership of the United Nations. It is right that the Security Council should at once recommend to the ,General Assembly that the Sudan should he admitted to membership of the United Nations. 11. My delegation has joined with the delegations of France and the United States in presenting the draft resolution [S/3545] now before the Council. We hcpe that there win he unll.nimous agreement here today in favour of this draft resolution. 12. My delegation has considered whether the Council should refer the application of the Sudan to a committee, under rule 59 of the rules of procedure, but, after reflection, it seemed to us that such reference would be a mere formality in this ca~:, and an unnecessary one, since there can be no doubt, in the case of the Sudan, about its qualifications for membership. My delegation therefore hopes that the Security Council will consider it unnecessarv to refer the matter to a committee. It is, of cou~e, fully entitled, under rule 59, not to refer it te> a committee, and our hope is that the Council will decide to vote on our draft resolution today. 13. Representatives will have heard the contents of the Ietter addl'ésSed to the President of the Security Council by the head of the Egyptian delegation, 14. It remains only for me to cite the words of message which the British Foreign Secretary sent the Sudanese Foreign Minister the other day. Mr. Selwyn Lloyd's words were as follows: "It will give us profound pleasure to see the Sudan seated in the United Nations, and we look forward ta many years of fruitful co-operation between our two countries in that Organization."

The United States asked for this meeting, and it co-sponsors the pending draft resolution recommending the e1ection of the Sudan as a Member of the United Nations. We do so, in the first place, because it is our simple duty under the provisions of the Charter. But there is more ·to it than that. We, here in the United States, have watched the progress of the people of the Sudan with keen interest. We see in the Sudan many traits which we like to think that we and the people of the Sudan have in common. We are both new nations, filled with lqve of independence and a desire for the education and improvement of the individual. Both our nations admire courage and both face the future with hope. 16. The United States hopes that this draft resolution will he adopted promptly. In fact, let me say that we think that it should be adopted here today, and that would be most superfluous to refer it, for any technical reason, to a committee of any kind. We hope that this action will be taken today and that the Sudan will take its place in the General Assembly as a full-fledged Member of the United Nations.

The French delegation is happy to ]om with the delegations of the United States and the United Kingdom in proposing ta the Security Council the adoption of a draft resolution recommending the General Assembly the admission of the RepubIic of the Sudan to the United Nations. My Government has always maintained that aIl States which fulfil the conditions laid down by Article 4- of the Charter should be Members of our Organization. 18. The Sudan acceded to independence on 1 January 1956; it did 50 in a democratic manner and it now possesses a Constitution which makes provision for e1ections; it did sa, furthermore, in a peaceful manner, as the outcome of long, but friendly, negotiations with the United Kingdom and Egypt. 19. In the letter which it sent to the Secretary- General [S/ 3543], the Government of the Sudan declared its willingness to assume aIl the obligations which the Charter places on Member States. Wc are convinced that it is capable of fulfilling those obligations. We think, therefore, that the Republic of the Sudan 20. France has always maintained friendly relations with the Sudanese people; it has followed with interest that people's prog!'Css towards independence, and was one of the first nations to recognize the new State. 21. The present territory of the Republic of the Sudan was the home of one of the world's most andent cÎvilizations. Today that territory, divided into a number of provinces, is inh2bited by a people whose general urlty Ieaves room for individué:lity and for certain ethnie, cultural and religious differences. This special position of the Sudanese State, together with its brilliant past, should ensure that, from its fust entry into the international community, the Govemment of the Sudan will give proof of political wisdom and will not allow itself to be drawn into sterile disputes or propaganda quarrels, but will, on the contrary, support whatever is Iikely to promote understanding among the peoples. 22. In this connexion, the peaceful method (',f negotiation by which the Sudan has achieved k independence wc uld seem to be a surety of its attitude in the future and in the United Nations. Accordingly, illY delegation has no doubt that the Sudan, in entering the United Nations, will bring something positive and valuable to this Organization and that its delegation will work usefully with us in our efforts to achieve the purposes assigned to us by the Charter, in the best interests of closer international understanding and wOrld peace.

The Ipanian delegation has carefully studied the letter addressed to the Se~rttary·General on 21 January 1956, by the Minister of External Affairs of the Sudan, on the subject of that country's application for admission to the United Nations, and the attached declaration in which the Govemment of the Republic of the Sudan accepts the obligations contained in the United Nations Charter and undertakes to fulfil them from the date of its admission. We have also studied with interest the appended document which summarizes the constitutional progress of the Sudan to its present sovereign status. 24. In the light of these documents, we have reached the conclusion that the RepubIic of the Sud2n cornpletely satisfies the requirements of the Charter; and We are most anxious that the Security Couneil should adopt a recommendation favouring the admission of û~e Suàan ta t..~e United Nations. 26. We believe that thc Sudan can make a useful contribution to our Organization and derive substantial advantages from membership thereof, in particular by establishing its international relations within the framework of the United Nations and using United Nations technical assistance to accelerate its economic and social deve1opment, and we have decided ta do al1 wc can ta hasten its admission. 27. Our desire to see the Sudan a Member of the United Nations is the greater because the Sudan is an African country, and Africa has not in the past been sufficiently represented in our Organization. Furthe:rmore, my delegation believes that, because of its geographical situation, the Sudan can play a very important part in Africa and that its admission to the United Nations will help to direct events in that continent along orderly and constructive lines. 28. The Sudan has succeeded in attammg its independence by democratic and progressive means, by demonstrating its people's will to decide their own destiny and by securing recognition of its sovereignty by the countries which until recently governed it as a condominium; and it has done so within the framework of Article 73 of the United Nations Charter. In this connexion, it should be noted that tbe recognition of the Sudanese people's sovereignty was influenced, if not directly then at least indirectly, by the spirit of the Charter, which recommends that Members of the United Nations which have assumed responsibilities for the administration of territories whose peoples have not attainecl a ful1 measure of self-government should take due account of their aspirations and should assist them in the dcvelopment of their free political institutions. 29. My clelegation has pleasure in congratulating the Governrnents of the United Kingdom and Egypt on the understanding tl1CY have shown in assuring the independence of the Sudanese peeples. It "las with great satisfaction that wc learned of the letter in which the Egyptian delegation informed us on its Government's behalf, that the Sudan had been admitted to the Arab League as an independent State and that Egypt, in prodaiming the Sudan's independence, had given effect to the principle of the right of peoples ta self-determination, 30. We express the hope that the example of understanding and co-operation which the administering countries have furnished in the case of the Sudan will be followed by other countries, and that the African countries may attain their independence and be in a position to join the United Nations as soon as possible. 32. In the same spmt, my delegation· gladly gives ;to full support to the draft resolution prese:lted by the delegations of France, the United Kingdom and the Uni! cd States. 33. \Vith regard to the procedure to be followed, 1 support the proposaI that the Security Council should itself consider the application of tl1e Sudan for membership, as it has done in severa1 cases in tl1e past, without referring it to the committee provided fOi,' in mIe 59 of the CounciI's rules of procedure. 3t. It is true that that rule provides tl1at applications for membership shall he referred for consideration to a committee upon which each member of the Security Couneil is represented. ft also provides that the Council shaH express a final opinion after receiving the committee's conclusions. Nevertl1eless, since the COüiléil is aho empowered by that rule ta take a decision witheut referring the application to the committee, and s:nc ~ it is ùbvious from the documents before the Couilcil, and more particularly from the declaration 'JY the Government of the Sudan and tl1e document annexed thereto, that the Sudan fulfils aH tl1e requirement!; of Article 4 of the Charter, it is, in ùur view, proper for the Couneil itself to conside.r the Sudanese application for membership and to make tl1e neœssary recommendation immediately, without referring it to a committee. 35. Before concluding, my ddegation would like to e~ress its best wishes for the prosperity and happiness of the Sudanese people and its joy in tl1e thought that the Sudan will shortly take its place in the United Nations.

Under the tenns of the Charter, membership in tl1e United Nations is open ta peace.loving States which accept the obligations of the Charter and, in tl1e judgement of the organization, are able and willing to carry out those obligations. 37. The Belgian Government considers that the Sudan satisfies these conditions. In its opinion, the Sudan is undoubtedly aState; my Government was arnong the very first to recognize it as such. 1t recognized it, convinced that the Sudan was able to carry out the obligations laid down in the Charter. Furthermore, the Sudan has accepted those obligation.. in a solemn àeclaration; it has in that respect complied with the requirements of our mIes of procedure. 38. There is one last question: is tl1e Sudan to he regaràed as peace-loving and willing to carry out the obligations of the Charter? T}l;., invo!ves a question of intention, and that question can he properly an· 39. For these reasons my Government helieves that the admission of the Sudan to membertiiup in the United Nations would not be a favour, but an act of justice which is required by the proper applic-ation of the Charter. 40. Accordingly, 1 shall \"ote in support of the recommendation that the General Assembly should admit the Sudan into our organization. 1 am happy to take this opportunity to express the Belgian Government's very sincere wishes for the prosperity of this new member of the community of States.

The Cuban deiegation has studied the application for acl'l1ission to the United Nations submitted by the Republic of the Sudan [813543]. 42. A c1ear and dctailed statement of the Cuban Government's general position with regard to the admission of new Members was given by Mr. Nunez Portuondo, the head of our delegation, when ihis item was discussed at the tenth session of the General Assembly. 43. Cuba considers that every sovereign State which satisfies the conditions or requirements Lrdd down in Article 4 of the Charter should he admitted to memhership in the United Nations. Nothing should prevent the admission of an applicant State which fully satisfies those conditions or requirements. That is our understanding of the principle of universality-that States should he admitted wiihout regard to any rules other L'tan those laid down in Article 4 of the Charter. We have therefore maintained in the past, and we maintain now, iirst, that every application for admission should he examined individually on its merits, and, secondly, that the Security Council's recommendation concerning admission should not he subject to the rule of the unanimitv of the five pennanent members. The veto must he eÜminated if the principle of universality is to he really effective and recommendations for admission must he adopted by the affinnative votes of any seven memhers of the Security CounciI. 44. That is Cuba's general position in regard to the admission of new Memhers. 1 shall now examine, in the light of that position and of Article 4 of the Charter, the application for admission presented by the Sudan. 46. Secondly, the Sudan is a peace-lovmg country. lts transformation from a dependent territory inta a sovereign republic was effected by parliamentary IFd democratic methods, without recourse to unconSLitutional devices, '3. fact which shows its pacifie nature. This quality is also shown in the provisiona! Constitution, which embodies the principles of the Charter. 47. Thirdly, as to the third condition requiœd by Article 4--namely, acceptance of the obligations contained in the Charter-this is evidenced by the formaI declaration made by the Minister of External Affairs of the Sudan on his Government's behalf, the text of which accompanies the application for admission. 48. Fourthly, and lastly, the Sudan's ability and willingness to carry out these obligations are amply demonstratr 1. in the structure of its political institutions and 1.8 avowed faith in the rule of law which is to govern both its internaI affairs' and its international relations. 49. For aIl these reasons, the Government of Cuba considers the Sudan qualified for membership in the United Nations. My delegation will vote in favour of the draft resolution presented by the representatives of France, the United Kingdom and the United States, and it sincerely trusts that the General Assembly will approve it in due course.

It is with a feeling of sincere pleasure that we shall cast our vote in support of the recommendation to admit the Sudan to memb~rship of the United Nations, for which it is so emir.entJy qualified. 51. The Government and the people of my count,;, have followed with close interest and keen sympathy the various stages of the efforts of the people of t..h.e Sudan to emerge upon the broad highway of national independence. These efforts have now been brought to fruition, and my delegation wishes to join in congratulating the Sudanese nation on its achievement of independent statehood. 52. 1 feel that due tribute shoukl also be paid to the understanding and awareness of the new realities of the situation displayed by ail the parties concemed. This has helped to make possible a peaceful and orderly transition from the previous condominium status. 53. Sudan's admission to the United Nations would not merely be a recognition of the country's new!y 54. The Ilnanimity which has at once bl'cOlm' apparent on this question is very encouraging, and should augur Wl'Il for the future. It is indicative of a morr objectivr approach to the question of the admission of new Mrlllhl'rs·- ~that is to say, to the kind of approac' whidl the Chal"tl'r 50 dl'arl~' l'ails for. 55. That is why. as 1 ha\'!' sail!. the proposai that the COllncil should rccommend thr admission of thr Sudan lu the United Nations will have our whole-hearted support. Wc sincerrly share the hope that prompt action un this proposai will prove possible. Indeed, we fecl it is not too much to hope that s\leh action will be takl'n this aftl'rnoon.

The Australian delegation is \t'I"V han!)v to support the draft resolution which has be~n st;I;lbrnitted to the Council by France, the United Kingdom and tht' United States, recom- !nl'ndingthe admission of the Sudan to the United Nations. 57. It is with rt":ll pleasurl' that we ~i\'(' Australia's fricndly support to the Sudan. a country towards which we feel warm goodwill in view of the long histol)' of British association with the Sudan, culminating in Sudiin's proud achievement of independence on 1 January 1956. 1 have already had the pleasure of congratulatin"" the Sudanese represt'n~tive in New York on this happy l'vent a little while ago. 58. In offering our congratulations and our welcome to the Sudan in the Council today, 1 should like to take the opportunity of expressing to the two PowP~ formerly responsible for the condominium in the Sudan -Egypt 1 and the United Kingdom-our admiration of their efforts in the Sudan 10 facilitate the joumey of that nation from a state of dependency to a full sovereign status as a republic. 59. 1 was deeply impressed by the terms of the letter in which the Foreign Minister of.the Sudan has placed his country's candidature before the Council, and 1 feel that it is naturai proof of that~ountry's progress towards independence that it should soon take its place in the United Nations. 60. The representative of the United Kingdom has suggested that, under rule 59 of i15 rules of procedure, the Council should agree in this case not to refer the application of the Sudan 10 a committee on new Members. The Australian delegation finds itself in accord with Sir Pierson Dixon's suggestion in this particular case since, from the statements which have already been made around this table, it seems c1ear that there is no doubt in the minds of members of the Security Councii regaràing the Sudan's qualifi- 62. 1 am confident that the Council will now recommend the admission of the Sudan unanimouslv. The Australian delegation looks forward to the day when the General Assembly will complete this process. Australia looks forward to friendly and fruitful co-operation with the Sudan in ail aspects of the work of the United Nations, and we extend to the Sudan our best wishes for its prosperity and progress. n~ Mr, T~HANG (China): As the reoresentative of China, 1 have the honour to make' the following statement. 64. The achievement of national independence by the Sudan is a great credit to the people of the Sudan, as w{'11 as to the two former condominium Powers, Egypt and the United Kingdom. The United Nations has good reason to congratulate ail three parties concerned in this remarkable achievement. 65. My delegation is certain that the Republic of the Sudan has the qualifications for membership in the United Nations as defined in Article 4 of the Charter. China has had many centuries of friendly and, 1 would even say, brotherly relations with Arab peoples. For this reason, 1 have particular pleasure in supporting the application of the Republic of Sudan for mem· bership in the United Nations. 66. Ml'. HOLGUIN (Peru) (translated tram Spanish): 1 wish first of ail to thank the President for the tribute he paid in his opening remarks to Ml'. Belaunde, who presided over the Security Council last month, and the contribution he made to the work of the Council. 1 shall be very happy to convey the President's words to Mr. Belaunde. " f 67. Peru has already recognized the Government of the Sudan. It is therefore natmal and logical 68. The Peruvian Governlllent regards the independenee of the Sudan as an admirable example of the progressive advance of a hitherto dependent territory to full participation in the legal life of the community of nations, through the operation of the principle of self·dctern1ination. The manner in which this process has taken place establishes the supremacy of the peaceful concept of good-neighbourly relations o\'er CVl'ry other consideration. 69. The Perm'ian delegation takes this opportunity of exprt'ssing its kccn satisfaction at thr manner in which the condominium Powers, the United Kingdom and Egypt, carried out their work of organization and regulatiol1, in accordance with the 1899 Protocol. 70. 1'111' PRESIDENT (translated from Russian): should like to say a few words as representative of the UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUllLICS. 71. The Soviet delegation has perused with close attention the letter from Mr. Zarroug, Minister of External Affairs of the Sudan, addressed to the Secretary-General, which contains the Sudan's application for admission to membership in the United Nations, and the declaration by the Government of the Republic of the Sudan that it accepts the obligations contained in the Charter of the United Nations. 72. We consider that the Republic of the Sudan possesses all the qualifications for membership required by the Charter and shoulè take its place in the family of the United Natiom. 73. The proclamation of the Sudan as an independent republic on 1 January 1956 was a great victory for the Sudanese people and all colonial peoples in their struggle for freedom and national independence. The Sudanese people had to follow a hard road in order to establish itself as a sovereign and independent State. The proclamation of the independent Sudanese Republic means the Sudanese people has won its fight for national Iiberation and founded its own sovereign State. The young Republic of the Sudan still has not a few obstacÏes to ovcrcome bcfore it can free itself of the burden it has inherited from its colonial rulers; but we are sure that the Sudanese people will overcome these difficulties too, and the United Nations must give it substantial help in doing so. 74. 1 wish to take this opportunity of stating that the Soviet people feel deep satisfaction that the people of the Sudan should have attaineci their independence and are to achieve full membership in the United 75. The Soviet delegation supports the application of the Sudan for admission to membership in the United Nations and considers that the Security Council should recommend to the General Assembly the admission of the Sudan to membership in the United Nations. 76. The Soviet delegation, as 1 have already stated, associates itself with and fully supports the draft resolution before the Council [8/3545]. 77. Speaking now as PRESIDENT, ! should recal! that a number of members of the Council have exprcssed the view that the Sudan's application for admission to the United Nations should not be referred to a special committee for preliminary consideration. A decision to that effect is permitted by rule 59 of the rules of procedure. 78. Since there have been no other proposais, ï take it that the Security Council resolves not to refer the Sudan's application to a special committee, but to adopt a decision upon it immediately. lt was ,!, decided.

1 shaH now put to the vote the draft resolution submitted by France, the United Kingdom and the United States of America [8/3545], which reads as follows: .. The 8ecurity Council, "Having examinl!d th!' applkation of the Sudan, .. Recommends to the General Assembly that the Sudan be admitted to membership in the United Nations." A vote was taken by show 01 hands. In lavour: Australia, Belgium, China, Cuba, France, Iran, Peru, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Yugoslavia. The dralt resolution was adopted unanimously.

Allow me, as President of the Council, to congratulate the members of the Council on the efficient manner in which they have dealt with the question of the admission of the Sudan and on their adoption of a unanimous resolution.

The United States is delighted that the application of the Sudan for membership in the United Nations has been so promptly and unconditionally recommended byhe Security Counci!. 82. But, even on such an auspicious occasion, we cannot forget that-as President Eisenhower said recently-" grave injustices are still uncorrected." 1 refer to the exclusion of Japan from the United 83. Today, we have dealt with the application of the Sudan in the way in which all applications for membership should he dealt with-unconditionally, on their mcrits, and expeditiously. The United States hones that the Securitv Council will continue ta act in 'this way in the futu~.

1 did not interrupt the United States representative, despite the fact that his remarks were unquestionably outside the scope of our agenda for today, for the agenda which the Security Council adopted contains only one item-the question of the admission of the Sudan to membership in the United Nations. 1 refrained from interrupting him solely out of regard for the representative of the United S~tes. Nevertheless, 1 consider that his statement was outside the scope of the agenda for this meeting.

1 should like to reply to something the President said as representative of the Soviet Union in regard to the criterion by which he seemed to judge the application of the Sudan for membership in the United Nations. It struck me as a strange criterion. The representative of the Soviet Union seemed to hail the membership of the Sudan in the United Nations as a sort of escape from so-called colonial domination. This strikes an incongruous note to me as representative of one of the condominium Powers, and no doubt the other condominium Power will be equally surprised. While my country has a proud record over more than a century in bringing dependent peoples to nationhood, the reverse process has been characteristic of the palicies of the Soviet Union. Where we have brought hundreds of millions to independence, the Soviet Union has brought tens of millions under its domination. 86. Despite this regrettable attitude on the part of the representative of the Soviet Union, it is with a sense of satisfaction that the Security Council can consider the action which it has taken today. For the first time since Indonesia was admitted to the United Nations in 1949, the case of an individual applicant has been considered immediately on its own merits and the applicant has been recommended by the Security Council for admission to the United Nations without anyone seeking to impose conditions or link its admis. sion with that of any other applicant. 88. Wc have often been compelled to depart from the J,lroper path during the last seven years, and this has been due to the attitude taken by one of the permanent members of the Security Couneil. Even though sixteen new Membel;; were admitted to the United Nations before the end of the last session of the General Assembly, we cannot forget that one great coun~'. whose qualifications nobody disputes, is still excluded from the United Nations because its admission has been linked with. that of another applicant. In the satisfaction with which we hail the way in which the Security Couneil has dealt with the application of the Sudan, and the pleasure we feel at the prospect of the Sudan joining our Organization, my Govemment will not forget t:lat a gap in our ranks remains to be fillcd. We will Iend our best endeavoUïs to secure the admission to membership of that great country, Japan.

As President of the Couneil 1 must point out once again that, in accordance with the agenda it has adopted, the Security Council has before it the question of the admission of the Sudan and no other item. 90. 1 am, of course, in the Security Couneil's hands, but 1 would again point out to members of the Couneil that they should confine their remarks to the agenda which the Council has adopted.

ln expressing the satisfaction of the Australian delcgation over the vote that has just been taken by the Couneil, recommending to the General Assembly the admission of the Sudan 1 would like to welcome this further step towards the universality of membership of the United Nations. At ,-the'last session of the General Assembly, Australia was onë-of the sponsors of a draft resolution which looked to the admission of eighteen new Members. Unfor· tunately, the trend of events led te the admission of a rather smaller number, in accordarce with a draft resolution which the Australia delegation felt it could not co-sponsor. Nevertheless, we voted for the draft providing that only sixteen applicants should he admitted at that time. 92. We are very glad that on this occasion we arc taking positive action to admit another candidate, which is particularly weIl qualified for admission to the United Nations. 93. As 1 think 1 remarked on the occasion when 1 took my seat at the Council table [7JOth meeting], 1 had the honour previously of representing my coun- ~ry in Japan, and 1 was there last year when the deeisive 1 i 1 1~ 94. As Australia's representative on the CounciI, would like to say that my Government will weIcome evelY opportunity that may be afforded to us ta assist towards the admission of ]apan to the United Nations.

The Security Council has unanirnously adopted a resolution recommending that the General Assembly should admit the Sudan to membership in the United Nations. l should like ta express my delcgation's satisfaction at this decision and to observe that we have taken a further step towards that universality which should be our goal. 96. We shaH, of course, be glad to admit the Sudan to our midst. However, when the General Assembly takes a decision on this matter-and 1 do not think that in saying this l am departing from the provisions on which this Council's rules of procedure are basedwe hope that it will also be possible ta weleome a great country in which 1 almost had the honour ta represent my Government, a country which, because of its large population, its high leve1 of civilization, its great economic power and its extensive interests, is in position to make such a great contribution to the United Nations, and with which France has traditionaHy maintained friendly relations. l refer to Japan. 97. Ml'. ABDOH (Iran) (translated trom French): The delegation of Iran wishes to express its pleasure at the unanimous adoption of the recommendatian that the Sudan should be admitted to membership in the United Nations. This is certainly a great step towards the universality of the United Nations, and we hope that the General Assembly will take a favourable decision in the matter at the beginning of its next session, so that the representatives of the Sudan may take their places among us at the beginning of the eleventh session. 98. As the representative of an Asian country, country which, incidentally, receives Japanese United Nations experts, 1 cannot but take this opportunityand in doing so 1 do not think 1 am departing from the provisions of the rules of procedure-ta express once more my delegation's keen desire that the obstacles to Japan's admission ta the United Nations should be eliminated. We trust that the unconditionaI decision we have taken today with regard to the Sudan may he1p to prepare the ground for a better understanding in the matter of the admission to membership in our Organization of that great Asian oountry, Japan, 99. We shall spare no effort to right the wrong which has been done to ]apan and to promote its admission to our international community. 100. Before ccncluding, I wish once more to express the best wishes of my delegation and of my Government for the success of the Sudan in its political, economic and social development.

Since some of the members of the Council have referred to the question of the admission of JAPAN-a question which, of course, is not on the agenda-and in that connexion also mentioned the position of the Soviet Union, 1 think the Council will not object if, as representative of the UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS, 1 make use of my right to reply. 102. The question of the admission of Japan or any other State is not on our agenda today. If anyone wishes to discuss that question, he may use the normal and customary procedures for having that item included in the Council's agenda. The Soviet delegation, for its part, is ready to discuss the question of the admission both of Japan and of the Mongolian People's Republic, if the members of the Council consider that the difficulties which prevented Japan and the Mongolian People's Republic from being admitted together with the sixteen other States at the tenth session of the General Assembly have been removcd. 103. As the members of the Council are aware, these difficulties arose at that time as a result of the veto exercised by the representative of the Kuomintang, who, against the will of the majority of the members of the General Assembly, in effect prevented the inclusion of the Mongolian People's Republic and Japan among the eighteen countries whose admission was proposed in General Asscmbly resolution 918 (X) of 8 December 1955. 104·. If the representatives of the western Powers consider that these difficulties have been removed, we are ready to consider favourably the question of the admission both of Japan and of the Mongolian People's Republic, the two States which, of the eighteen States whose admission was rec.ommended to us by the General Assembly resolution, have not yet been admitted. 105. If it is the opinion of the memJers of the Security Council that such difficulties still persist, the Soviet delegation considers that the members of the Council should unite their efforts to find a means of ensuring that both the Mongolian People's Republic and Japan are admitted to membership in the United Nations at the next session of the General Assembly. 107. As to Sir Pierson Dixon's remarks concerning the Soviet Union, they are simply an echo of the "cold war ", which certain Powers wish to obtrude into internatwnal relations yet again. l do not propose to embark on a discussion of the consequences of British colonial policy. Many countries spoke on this subject at sufficient length at the last session of the General Assembly, and l do not think there is any need ta repeat their remarks, as everyone remembers them. 108. Ml'. LODGE (United States of America); The representative of the United States wishes 10 take just a moment, sa that the record may show that in his opinion he was not out of arder when he spoke immediately aftel' the Vote. 109. In the opinion of the representative of the United States, it is in arder in the Security Council to explain one's vote. There is nothing in the rules of procedure that prevents a member from cloing this. Moreover, the subject of my statement was extremely germane to the agenda, because l had discussed the method which was used in electing the Sudan. It was a method which was unconditional; which judged the candidate on its merits; which did not link the candidate up with sorne other candidate; which was not a package deal. Then l s-aid that that was the method that we should follow in the case of Japan. 110. ln his statement made just a few minutes ago, the Soviet representative ignored the views of ail the other members of the Council, and he also ignored the provisions of the Charter that the admission of one applicant shoulcl not be linked ta that of another. He simply restated the Soviet position that in fact has been repudiated by a11 other members of this body. 111. Now it was not the representative of China who kept Japan out. It was the representative of the Soviet Union who kept Japan out. Outer Mongolia does not keep Japan out. The member of the Security Council who vetoes Japan keeps Japan out. That is crystal dear, and l am sure that no one in this room, nor anyone who follows the proceedings of the Security Council in any country in the world, is in any doubt about it. Priated in France Priee: $U.S. 0.20; (or equivalent in