S/PV.92 Security Council

Are there any observations or questions with regard to these credentials? 14. Introduction of the permtment repre- sentative of the Uniied States of America

In the name of the Council, I should like to extend to you, Senator Austin, a very warm and cordial welc?me to the deliberations of this Council. We have known of your excellent work associated with th~ United Nations and we are indeed gratified at your presence among us and greatly appreciate the erudition which you bring to our deliberations. I should also like to indicate our very warm and cordial feelings towards Mr. Herschel Johnson, who has been acting in the capacity of representative of the United States of America, and you may be sure that our expressions of goodwill towards him and towards yourseH are of a very warm and cordial character. Mr. Aus'L'IN (U~ted States of America): Mr. President, may I just say a word to thank you for your excellent welcome on behaH of the Security .Council, and to assure you that I am animated by a deep sense of responsibility in joining this distinguished body and undertaking collaboration Je demanderai aux membres du Consa de securite de vouloir bien permettre que ces pouvoirs figurent a l'ordre du jour de ce matin comme premier point. L'ordre du jour, avec le point supplBmentaire, est adopte. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): Quelqu'un a-t-il des observations ou des questions a formuler au sujet de ces pouvoirs? Les pouvoirs du representant permanent des Etats-Unis d'Amerique sont acceptes. 14. Presentation du representant permanent des Etats-Unis d'Amerique Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : Monsieur le Senateur, je tiens a vous souhaiter, au nom du Conseil, la bienvenue la plus cordiale. Nous savons quel excellent travail vaus avez accompli pour l'Organisation des Nations Unies et sommes heur~ux en verite de vous voir present panni nous; nous apprecions toute la valeur et la sagesse des avis que vous apporterez a nos travaux d a nos deliberations. Je voudrais aussi temoigner nos sentiments les plus chaleureux a M. Herschel Johnson, qui a rempli jusqu'a present les fonctions de representant des Etats-Unis d'Amerique, et vous ne sauri~z douter de la cordiale sympathie que nous lui exprimons ainsi qu'a vous-mSme. M. AUSTIN (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) (traduit de l'anglais): Monsieur le President, permettezmoi de vous remercier des souhaits de bienvenue ~ue vous venez de m'adresser au nom du Conseil de securite, et de vous assurer que c'est avec un sens profond demes responsabilites que je me 6l0g~euses que le President a adressees a M. l'ambassadeur Johnson, dont les services sont hautement apprecies par mon Gouvernement comme par tous les citoyens des Etats-Unis. J'espere fermement que nous pourrons continuer de benefiCe! a l'avenir de sa precieuse collaboration au COIlSeil de sccunte, smon d'une maniere perman~nte, du moins en de nombreuses occasions. Je puis vous assurer qu'entre l'ambassadeur Johnson et moi~meme regne l'entente la plus franche et la plus amicale. Je vons remercie de la courtoisie avec laque1le vous avez propose de placer ce point a l'ordre du jour de la seance de ce matin, et je remercie le Conseil de securite d'a'loir acceptc cette proposition. 15. Discussion sur la reglementation et la reduction generales des armements Thank you for your courtesy in puttingthis item on the agenda this morning, as you have done, and for the acceptance of that action by the Sect..rity Council. 15. Discussion on the general reAulation tlnd reduction of armaments

The next item for our con~ sideratioll is the resolution of the General Assembly on the principles govering the general regulatiqn 'and reduction of armaments. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais) : Le second point que :nous devons etudier est la resolution de l'AssembIee generate sur les principes regissant la reglcmentation e;t la reduction generalell des armements. Mr. Quo Tai-chi (China): .Asthefirstmember of this Council to be called upon to speak this M. Quo Tai-chi (Chine) (traduit de l'an~ glais): En tant que premier membre du Conseil appe1e a prendre la parole ce matin, je voudrais, en que1ques mots, m'associer tres cordialement au discours de bienvenue que le President a adresse a M. Warren R. Austin, representant des Etats- Unis a ce Conseil. Nous lui souhaitons la hienvenue non seulement en tant que citoyen de marque de son pays, mais aussi en tant qu'eminent citoyen du monde, et nous sommes certains que, par sa presence et ses avis, il apportera <lUX deliberations de ce Conseil une aide precieuse. Je ti~ns aussi a m'associer a l'hommage du President aux services rendus par M. l'ambassadeur Johnson, qui a exerce les fonctions de representant des Etats-Unis ace Conseil. . Au cours de sa quatre-vingt-dixieme seance, le Conseil de securite a adopte la resolution de l'AssembIee generale sur les principes regissant la reglementation et la reduction generales des armements, resolution qui fut, de l'avis de tous, la realisation marquante de l'AssembIee generale de l'an dernier. L'adoption de la resolution par le Conseil fut un acte de pure forme. Le Conseil doit maintenant envisager la mise en reuvre de cette resolution, et c'est la la tache la plus urgente et la plus importante qu'il ait eu jusqu'a present a. remplir dans le cadre des devoirs qut" lui impose le maintien de la pai1C et de la securit6,intemationales. Je suis heureux de constater que les deux pays qui, al'Ass~mbIeegenerale, tint ete les premiers a prendre l'ini\'iative de presenter cette resolution, ont egalemen~ ete les premiers au sein de ce Conseil a soum~ttre des propositions formelles pour sa mise en ceuvre. VUnion des Republiques socialistes sovietiques et les Etats~Unis morning~ I should like to say a brief word to associate myself very warmly wit.1t the words of welcome which the President has expressed to Mr. Warren R. Austin as representative of the United States on this Council. We welcome him not only as a distinguished citizen of his country, but also as a distinguished citizen of the world, and we are sure his presence and his deliberations in the dis~ cussions of the Council "Will be a very valuable contribution. I also wish to associate myself with the President's remarks of high appreciation of the services of Ambassador Johnson, who has been acting United States representative on the Council. At its ninetieth meetL'lg, the Security Council adopted the General Assembly resolution on the principles governing the general regulation and reduction of armaments, which was admittedly the outstanding achievement of the General Assembly last year. The Council's acceptance was a formal act: Now this Council is confronted with the implementation of that resolution which consti~ tutes the most urgent and vital task which the Council has so far been called upon to'perform in the discharge of its responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and ~curity. I was glad to note that the two countries which were foremost in initiating and formulating this resolution in the General Assembly were also the first two countries to table formal· proposals in this Council to carry it out. The Union of Soviet SocialistRepublics and the United States of Amer~ ica, however different in their approach and em- I think we are all in accord that the Council should and must, first of all, and with dispatch, implement the General Assembly resolution. Of this there can be no doubt. The problem bclore us, therefore, is how to approach our task in the most effective way and according to the general desire of the Assembly, and indeed, that of the whole world. The USSR resolution2 calls for the establishment of a committee of the Council members to work out practical measures for implementing the Assembly resolution, while the United States res- 01ution 3 asks for the Council's prior consideration and action on the first official report of the Atomic Energy Commission, which has been unanimou'lly adopted by this Commission after six months' labour and which is now in the hands of the members of the Security Council. To my mind, the USSR and the United States draft resolutions need not be, and are not, mutually exclusive; in fact, they are complementary. They seem to differ only in emphasis. The USSR proposal is designed to proceed from the general to the particular ~hi1e the United States plan seems to emphasiz~ the practical necessity of proceeding from the par·' ticular to the general. In other words, the USSR on the one hand, wants to start with the whole question of general regulation ,and reduction of "armaments and armed forces and then come to the particular problem of atomic control as being a part of the general problem. The United States, on the other hand, advocates that the crux of the disarmament programme lies in the international system of control and inspection of atomic energy, and that, as Mr. Byrnes again said before the General Assembly, "first things should come first." In our opinion, there is no doubt that in the mind of the General Assembly, the question of outlawing the atomic and other major weapons, adaptable to mass destruction, figured topmost in the Assembly resolution. In fact, the words "atomic", "atomic energy", and "Atomic Energy Commission" occurred no less than twelve times in the General Assembly resolution, cleafly 1 Voir Proces-verbaux officiels du Conseil dt: securite, Deuxieme Annee, SuppIement No 2, Annexe 7. 2 Ibid., Annexe 3. oIbid., Annexe 6. i J I submit that the atomic problem definitely enjoys such a priority, and that it is incumbent on this Council to study and act upon the report of the Atomic Energy Commission and to do everything possible to expedite and assist its work. The resolution further clearly states in paragraph 8: "Nothing herein contCl'ned shall alter or limit the resolution of the General Assembly, passed on 24 January 1946, creating the Atomic Energy Commission." Further, ,to substantiate the claim of priority of the atomic problem, if this is necessary, the Atomic Energy Commis~ion was created a year ago by the General Assembly in London, long before the question of a gene.'"i disarmament arose. The Government of the l..3SR itself attached the first importance to the atomic problem, when at a meeting of the Atomic Energy Commission last June, its representative suhmitted a draft international convention to outlaw atomic weapons. The proposed convention of the USSR however seemed to emphasize the outlawing of atomic weapons, but in our mind it did not give sufficient assurance to make atomic energy available only for peaceful purposes, for the welfare of mankind. graph~ 8 de la resolution, qu' "aucune des dispositions contenues dans la presente resolution ne modifiera la resolution de l'AssembIee generale adoptee le 24 janvier 1946 instituant la Commis" sion de 1'energie atomique, ou n'en limitera la portee". De plus, pour renforcer encore, s'il le fallait, lecaractere d'urgence de la question atomique, l'Assemblee generale crea a Londres, il y a un an, la Commission de 1'energie atomique, bien avant que la question du desarmement gene" ral ait ete pos6e. Le Gouvernement de I'Dnion des Republiques socialistes sovietiques a accorde la primaute au probleme atomique lorsque son representant, au cours d'une seance de la Corn" mission de 1'energie atomique en juin dernier, a presente un projet de convention internationale mettant-hors la loi les armes atomiques. Toutefois, la convention proposee par l'URSS semblait bien insister sur la mise hon:; la loi des armes atomiques, mais eUe ne donnait pas, a notre avis, des assu" rances suffisantes que I'energie atomique serait exclusivement reservee a des fins pacifiques, au seul hien-etre de 1'humanite. Je voudrais signaler brievement que la question du desarrnement general pose un probleme d'ordre pratique, et non d'ordre theorique. On a deja fait dans le passe de nombreux efforts dans ce sens, et les accords de Washington sur la limitation des armements navals fournissent l'exemple le plus heureux de ces dernieres annees. Ils avaient alors fait naitre panni les signataires un sentiment de securite et de confiance. J'estime que ce sentiment est la condition sine qua non du succesd'un programme de desarmement. Nous nous attaquons a un probleme essentieUement pratique, et la question du contr8le·de1'energie atomique est celle qui interesse au premier chef les esprits. Lorsque nous aurons resolu ce prob1eme d'ul1,e fa~on satisfaisante, liberant non seU;1ement 1'humanite de la menace effroyable de la bombe atomique, mais lui assurant aussi du meme coup le benefice des avantages incalcula~ bles de 1'utilisation de l'energie atomique a des fins pratiques et constructives, il est hors de doute qu'un sentiment de securite-et de confiance ne tardera pas a prevaloir panni les nations du rnonde,.grandes ou petites, puissantes ou faibies. Now, I wish to observe briefly that the question of general disarmament is a practical, and not a theoretical problem. Many attempts have been made before now, and the mostsuccessful example ~ this direction in recent history was the Washmgton treatise on th~ limitation of naval armaments. A feeling of security and confidence had th~ been created among the participants. That feeling, I submit, is the sine qua non of any successful disarmament progJ;amme. , We are dealing with a very practical problem, and the question of atomic control is the foremost qu~stion which is exercising man's mind. Once a satisfactory solution of atomic energy control is reached, thereby not only removing the horror of the dreaded atomic bomb from mankind, but at the same time conferring the untold benefits of the use of atomic energy for practical and constructive purposes, there would be no question that a feeling of security and confidence would begin to prevail among the nations of the world whether great or small, strong or weak. That feeling would constitute an essential step towards the general J'estime que l~ probleme atomique constitue indubitablement un de ces cas d'urgence, et qu'il incombe au Consei! cl'examiner le rapport de la Commission de l'energie atomique, de prendre ses dispositions en consequence et de faire tout son possible pour hater et faciliter le travail de cette Commission. n est d'autre part nettement stipule au para" Now, may I again make it clear that I do not mean to ask that this Council should, in dealing with the General Assembly resolution, devote its time and effort entirely to the report of the Atomic Energy Commission to the exclusion of other relevant problems of disarmament. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics proposal calli..'1g for the creation of a committee of this Council also has our support and can concurrently be taken up. The other questions, such as the information on armed forces to be furnished to the Security Council by the Members of the United Nations, and the relationship between the Military Staff Committee, in respect of its duties under the Charter, and the committee of the Council members envlSaged bythe USSR resolution, should likewise be considered by this Council, either concurrently or, as stated in the Assembly resolution, according to their priority, as the Council may desire. In the light of these observations, I reserve the right to introduce aresolution at an appropriate momentin the course of the Council's deliberation on this subject. The PRESIDENT: As the representative of Aus- TRALIA, I desire to make a statement and submit a resolution. At the meeting of the Security Council on 9 January, the Australian delegation indicated that it would present a resolution to initiate on parallel lines a series of concurrent activities which would give immediate effect to the resolution adopted· unanimously by the General Assembly on 14 December 1946. On behalf of the Australian delegation, I now have the honour of placing the text of this resolution before the Council; it reads: neral~, selon leur ordre d'urgence. . Ayant formule ces observations, je me reserve le droit de presenter au Conseil une resolution.a ce sujet, le moment venu. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): En. tant que representant de I'AusTRALm, je desire faire une declaration et presenter une resolution. Lors de la reunion du Consei1 de securite, tenue le 9 janvier, la delegation australienne avait fait connaitre qu'elle presenterait une resolution visant ainstituer un ensemble de mesures paralleles qui donneraient immediatement effet ala resolution adoptee a l'unanimite le 14 decembre 1946 par l'Assemblee generale. , Au nom de la delegation australienne, j'ai I'honneur de soumettre au Conseille texte de cette resolution, qui est redigee comme suit: (1) To establish a disanna.nent committee 'Composed of one representative of each of \~he members of the Security Council to work (Jut proposals: (a) Forthe g~_neralteguiation and reduction of armaments and of armed forces and, (b) For practical and effecti~:esafeguards in connexion with. the general regulation and reduction of armaments, and to submit such proposals to the Security Council; (2) To request the Atomic Energy Commission to proceed with its work under the General Assembly resolution of 24 January 1946, by which the Commission was created, having in view the preparation of a draft convention or conventiolm, for the creation of an international system. of control and inspection, these conventions to include the prohibition of atomic and all other major weapons adaptable now,. and in,the future, to mass destruction ana the control of atomic energy to the extent necr.ssary to ensure its use only for peaceful purposes; (3) To request the Military Staff Committee, (a) To prepare for L1:le Security Council, proposals regarding the militaryrequirements of the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and security and the inauguration of a system of special agreements laid down in Article 43 and, (b) To advise on the information to be required from Members of the United Nations to give effect to the recommendations accepted by the Security Council in respect to withdrawal and reduction of national armed forces; (4) The SecUrity Council charges the disarmament committee, theAtomic Energy Com-· mission, and the· Military Staff Committe.~·to regard these appoilited tasks as of the highest urgency and to submit reports to the Security \ Council before 30 April 1947. In order to facilitate this work, the Security Council also resolves to expedite consi~eration by the Council of thefirst report of the Atomic Energy Commission.~' ) 1 1 a) De preparer pour le Conseil de securite des propositions concernant les dispositions d'orore militaire a demander par le Consei1 de securite en vue du maintien de la pm et . de la securite internationales et de l'instau- . ration du systeme cl'accords speciaux prevus a l'Article 43; b) De donner son avis sur les renseignementsademander aux Membres des Nations Unies pour donner effet aux recommandatioris acceptees par le Conseil de securite en ce qui concerne le retrait et la reduction des forces nationales armees. 4) Le Conseil de securite charge la Commission du desarm~ment,.laCommision de l'energie atomique et le Comite d'etat~major de considerer comme de la plus haute urgence Ies taches qui leur ont ete assignees dans le present domaine, et de soumettre des rapports au Conseil de securite 'avant le 30 avril 1947. Min-de faciliter ce travail. le Conseil de secu.. rite decide egalement de -hater l'examen du premier rapport de la Commission de l'energie atomique." l A~ was pointed out at the meeting of 9 January, the General Assembly resolution contains certain specit1c recommendations. The Security Council has already decided to accept those recommendations. It now remains for us to proceed as speedily as possible to take the practical measures necessary to carry out the recommendations. At a previous meeting, it W1.S also pointed out that these recommendations would require action by the Atomic Energy Commission, by the Military Staff Committee, and by some newly created body charged with special functions in relation to disarmament planning. In an attempt to assist the Security Council to take the practical measures, both the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics representatives have submitted resolutions. While the Australian delegation is in general agreement with t.."Ie purpose of both those resolutions, it does not think that either ofthem, taken by itself, would be sufficient to give effect to the recommendation which the Coth"lcil has accepted. The Australian resolution has therefore been drafted in an attempt to combine both the United States and the USSR viewpoint,>, and to bring about action which will meet the main purpose of both those countries and which will be likely to lead to concerted and co-operative actionby all the Powers concerned in discharging the great responsibility placed upon the Security Council in respect of disarmament. We fought a total war together in order to bring about peace, and we must make a total effort together to maintain peace. The recommendations before the Security Council definitely require us to give attention both to the formulation of practical measures for the general regulation and reduction of armaments and to the expedition of the work of tHe Atomic Energy Cor-mission. . The sole reference, in the Assembly resolution, to the question of priorities does not seem to require the setting of any priorities between the work of the Atomic Energy Commission and the general regulation and reduction of armaments. Rather, the sense of the recommendation is that we are to proceedas expeditiously as possiblewith both these important sections of our task. For its part, the Australian'delegation can seeno objection to doing so, and believes ~hat if this work could proceed simultaneously, progress in each subject would assist progress in the other. We have to recognize frankly that what has been said up to the present in this Council anlounts to this: that in the view of one great Power we car~lOt make any progress in the general regulation' and reduction of Nons avons dil livrer une guerre totale pour etablir la paix; pour la maintenir, il nous faut maintenant consentir un effort total. Les recommandations faites au Conseil de securite nous enjoignent nettement de mettre au point des mesures pratiques de reglementation et de reduction generales des armements, et aussi de hater les travaux de la Commission de l'energie atomique. La seule allusion a la question des priorit6s que l'on trouve dans la resolution de l'Assemb16e ne semble pas exiger que 1'0n etablisse une priorite entre les travaux de la Commission de I'energie atomique et la reglementation ~t la reduction generales des armements. 11 semble plutot que la recommandation nous indique de poursuivre aussi rapidement que posSible ces deux aspects de notre tache. La delegation de l'Australie nG voit, pour sa part, aucune objection a ce que 1'011 procede ainsi. Elle est convaincue que si I'on peut etudier les deux questions en meme temps, les progres realises dans l'un ou I'autre de ces domames favoriseront ceux que I'on pourra faire dans l'autre. Nous devons reconnaitre franchement que ce qui jusqu'a present' a ete dit au The plain answer to this reality is tllat work in both fields must proceed conculTently and that each section of our task must be closely related to the other. I The Australi;m delegation will do everything possible to achieve this end, and it sees little value in any action which would only encourage one Member or another to become more determined than ever to achieve its own particular preference. We must combine ourideas and unite ourstrength or we shall do nothing. Therefore, while we are in favour of the general principle of the proposal of the Union of Soviet Socialist· Republics and the general principle ofthe United States proposal, we d·:'} not.reganl either as beingexclusive ofthe other. While we would not be prepared to vote in favour of either one separately, we will support both of them if they can be taken together. Our resolution attempts to bring them together. If members of the Council willlook at the terms ofthe Australian. resolution, they will see thatitseeks to achieve precisely what the Ge11eral Assembly resolution recommended this Council to do, and what tliis Council has already in principle agreed to do. The :first paragraph of the operative section of our resolution makes arrang6Illents by which a special committee would prepare proposals, for submission to the Security Council, concerning the general regulation and reduction of armaments and armed forccs, and for practical and effective safeguardsin connexion with the general regulation and reduction of annaments. The second paragraph requests the Atomic Energy Commission to proceed with the second stage of its work, in pursuance of the General Assembly resolution of 24 January 1946 and in conformity with the references to atomic energy contained in the General Assembly resolution of . 14 December. The third paragraph requests the Military Staff Committee to prepare proposals for the Security Council, looking towards the inauguration of the system of special agreements laid down in Article 43, and ,also asks the Military Staff Committee to advise the Security Council on the inforination required fro:rr~ Members of the United Nations to give effect to the recomm:enqation accepted by the Security Council in respect of the withdrawal and the reduction of national armed.forces. The fourth paragraph stresses the importance and the urgency of an these tasks and proposes that a date be set, about three months ahead, on which the first report, if not all the reports, should If these two bodies proceeded side by side, coordination could be ensured by the fact that their membership would be almost identical with each other and with the Security Council for, although the Member Governments might appoint different representatives to the respective bodies, the political directives would be the same. Moreover, their work would be under constant review by the Security Council, on which would rest the primary responsibility for co-ordination and for the laying down of the broad policy while both the Atomic Energy Commission and·the disarmament committee would proceed with detailed planning. Reports from both bodies wou.d come before the Security Council. It seems to us that the only possible ground for uncertainty as to the mea:ning of this resolution might lie in the division between the functions of the proposed disarmament committee and the functions of the Atomic Energy Commission. Any problem of this kind, however, has already been settled by the terms of the General Assembly resolution itself. The resolution of 14 Decemberexplicitly stated that nothing contained in it should alter or limit the General Assembly's resolution of 24 January 1946 creating the Atomic Energy Commission. That means that the Atomic Energy Commission "must continue to discharge all the functionS which were confided to it by the first resolution. We believe that all the other matters relating to the regulation and· reduction of armaments could be This leaves to the proposed new committee a very wide field covering all those aspects of the general regulation and reduction of armaments and the safeguards whichlie outside the particular problems relating to atomic energy and weapons of maSs destruction. The fact that both bodies are referred to in a single r<>,solution will make it clear that they are not intended by this Council to conflict with each other, but to work side by side. We commend our resolution to the notice of the Security Council, believing that, if adopted, it will set in train the practical measUles required, at this stage, to give effect to the recommendations which the Council has unanimously accepted. We believe that the task before the Security Council is so important and holds such momentous consequences for the whole of mankind that we cannot allow ourselves at this stage to be side-tracked into jurisdictional disputes between various bodies by doubts over priorities or by rivalries in method. Almost exactly a month ago all Members of the United Nations, including our own Governments, agreed in the Assembly that they would proceed with this work. They demonstrated to the world both their sense of duty to humanity and their awareness of the doom which might overtake mankind unless we could grapple realistically, promptly and effectively with the question of armaments. Let us base ourselves on our declaration of 14 December, relying implicitly on the good faith of each other, and go ahead, as we promised, with umty and strength to help to bring about international peace and security by means of the early establishment, .by international action, of the general regulation and reduction of armaments and armed forces and the control of atomic energy and the setting up of effective safeguards over both. Mr. DE SOUZA GOMES (Brazil) (translated from French): I think we all remember very clearly the speeches and statements made in the General Assembly on 14 December last, when the resolution on the principles governing the general regulation and reduction of armaments was unanimously adopted. M. DE SOUZA GOMES (Bresil): Nous avons tous, je crois, bien clair ala memoire, le souvenir des discouts et des declarations prononces le 14 deceinbre dernier ala seance pIeniere de l'AssembIee generale, qui a approuv6, al'unanimite, la resolution sur les principes regissant la reglementation et,la reduction generales des armements. C'etait a un moment OU les esprits sceptiques doutaient que le monde fUt capahle de faire un pas vel'S 1'affermissement de la paix en posant les .principes fondamentaux du desarmement. Et pourtant, ce resultat a ete atteint. This happened at a moment when the sceptics ~oubted whether the world was in fact in a position to take any step towards the strengthening of peace by laying down the fundamental principles of disarmament; and yet this result was achieved. .. Immediately after giving its approval to the resolution of 14 December, the C"uncil is now faced with two proposals which do not differ noticeably from each other, that of the delegation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and that of the delegation of the United States; there . are also two further proposals which are very much in the nature of a compromis~, those of France and Australia. The delegation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics attaches, verynaturally, paramountimportance to the reduction of armaments and armed forces as well as to international control in order to achieve such reduction. There is not, however, anywhere in its proposal a single word denouncing the use of . romic energy for military purposes. And yet, this idea was so clearly expressed in all the discussions of that subject, that it appears in five out of the nine paragraphs of the General Assembly's resolution. Of course one cannot talk of the reduction of armaments today without thinking of controlling the use of atomic energy. At the meeting of the First Committee on 4 Decemberlast, Mr. Molotov quite rightly said that the time had come to proceed with a general reduction of armaments, and that the General Assembly should express its opinion Ion the question of the prohibition of atomic weapons, in view of the alarm these have created in the world; after the Assembly had ~ade its views known, the Security Council should then proceed to work out the necessary concrete measures. It was principally due to the ~orts of the delegation of the Union of Soviet Socialist RepUblics that several clauses relating to atomic energy were included in the resolution of 14 December last. If we look atits text, we continually find this thought expressed with the feeling of anxiety, which at that time seemed to hover over the Assembly, that the use of atomic energyshould be regulated forthwith and without delay. This idea keeps'on recurring in the clauses almost like a refrain. Allow me to quote some instances: . In paragraph 3 it is said: "As an essential step towards the urgent objective of prohibiting and eliminating fromnatioual armaments atomic weapons ... and the La delegation de I'Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques attache une importance primordiale, d'ailleurs bien naturelle, ala reduction des armements et des ·forces armees, ainsi qu'au controle international en vue d'assurer cette reduction. Cependant, on ne trouve pas dans sa proposition un seul mot sur la condamnation de l'emploi de l'energie atomique a des fins milltaires. Cette idee a ete pourtant si c1airement presentee dans toutes les discussions qu'elle figure, dans la resolution de l'Assemblee gen~:!'ale, en cinq des neuf paragraphcS'. A vrai dire, on ne saurait parler aujourd'hui de reduction d'armements sans penser a controler l'emploi de l'energie atomique. A la seance de la Premiere Commission du 4 decembre dernier, M.Molotov a declare, avec raison, que le mo~ ment etait venu de proceder a une reduction generale des armements, et que l'AssembIee generale devrait faire connaitre s~:m opinion sur I'interdiction des engins atomiques en raison de l'inquietude qu'ils font naitre dans le monde. Une fois que I'Assemblee aurait fait ainsi connaitre ses vues, le Conseil devrait proceder a l'elaboration des mesures concretes indispensables. C'est surtaut aux efforts de la delegation de l'Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques que l'on doit I'inclusion, dans la resolution du 14 decembre dernier de plusieurs dispositifs se referant al'energie atomique. Si nous en exa,mihons le texte, nous trouvons cette pensee toujours exprimee aves le sentiment d~inquietude qui semblait alors regner sur l'Assemblee. 11 fallait reglementer tout de suite, sans aucun delai~ l'emploi de I'energie atomique. Cette idee revientpresque comme une ritournelle dans ces dispositifs. Permettez-moi d'en citer quelques-uns: 11 est dit au paragraphe 3: "Pour faire un pas decisif vers un but qu'il est urgen,t d'atteindre, a savoir interdire et eliminer des armements ~ationat;lx I'arme Again in paragraph 4 we read: "... The GeneralAssembly recommends that the Security Council expedite consideration of the reports which the Atomic Energy Commission will make to the Security Council and that it facilitate the work of that Commission~and also that the Security Council expedite consideration of a draft convention or conventions for the creation of an international system of con· trol and inspection~ these conventions to include the prohibition of atomic ... weapons ... and the control of atomic energy to the exten'i: necessary to ensure its use only for peaceful purposes". . In paragraph 5, it is repeated once more: "... The 6eneral Assembly recommends to the Security Council that it give prompt con· sideration to the working out of proposals to provide ... safeguards in connexion with the control of atomic ener.gy . . . to protect complying states against the hazards of violations and evasions." Paragraph 6 then goes on to say: ". . . there shall be established within the framework of the Security Council ... an international system [of control] as mentioned in paragraph 4 .•." Lastly, in paragraph 8, we read: "Nothingherein contained shall alter or limit the resolution of the General Assembly passed On 24 January 1946 ..•". As you see, the idea that the use of atomic energy must be regulated and above all restricted exclusively to peaceful uses occurs too frequently in the resolution, for us to be able to ignoreit; and I should like to emphasize that it keeps on recurring with a note of urgency. Now, at the request of the General Assembly, the·Atomic Energy Commission has fulfilled its terms of reference and submitted its first report to us. It seems to me that we ought to consider it without delay, firstly in order to show that we < sincerely interested in learning the Commission"s views, and secondly in order to make it clear that it was not without teason that the General Assembly asked it to hasten its task. Furthermore, as I have already pointed out to you, it is impossible to work out honestly a general plan for the reduction of armaments without including in it the regulation of atomic energy. Hence it would be wise to take advantage of the one concrete factor at our disposal in order to enable us to take up our task immediately. The meeting rose at 12.58 p.m. La seance est levle a12 h. 58. NINETY-THIRD MEETING Held at Lake Success, New York, on Wednesday, 15 January 1947, at 2.30 p.m. President: Mr. N. J. O. MAKIN (Australia). ' Present: The representatives of the following countries: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, China, Colombia, France, Poland, Syria, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, United States of America. 16. Continuation of the discussion on the general regulation and redudion of armaments 1

The Security Council is called to order. I call on the representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Mr. GROMYKO (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)' (translated from Russian): I wish first of all to express satisfaction at. the fact that the majority of the mem.bers of the Security Council who have spoken have expressed themselves favourably on the proposals which I submitted for the consideration of the Security Council on 27 December 1945.2 All who have.spoken in the course of the discussion, with the exception of the representative ,of the United States, have supported the proposal of the USSR regarding the necessity to proceed without delay to the elaboration of practical measures to implement the resolution of the General Assembly of 14 December 19463 on·the general regulation and reduction of armaments and armed QUATRE·VINGT·TREIZIEME SEANCE Tenue a Lake Success, New-York, le mercredi 15 janvie1' 1947, a14 h. 30. President: M. N. J. O. MAKll~ (Australie). Presents: Les representants des pays suivants: Australie, Belgique, Bresil, Chine, Colombie, France, Pologne, Syrie, Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques, Royaume-Uni, Etats-Unis d'Amerique. 16. Suite de la discussion sur lareglementation et la ..edudion generales des armements 1 Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): La seance du Conseil de secunt6 est ouverte. Je donne la parole au representant de l'Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques. M. GROMYKO (Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe) : Je voudrais tout d'abord exprimer ma satisfaction de ce que la plupart des membres du Conseil de securite qui ont pris la parole jusqu'a present approuvent les propositions que j'avais soumises a l'examen du Conseil, le 27 decembre 1946.2 A part le representant des Etats-Unis, tous ceux qui ant pris part aux debats ont appuye la proposition de la delegation de l'URSS de proceder immediatement al'elaboration des mesures . pratiques en'vue de donner efIet a la resolution de l'Assemblee generale en date du 14 decembre 19463 sur la reglementation et la reduction generales des armements et des forces armees. lis ont 1 Voir l'ordre du jour de la quatre-vingt-douzieme seance du Conseil de securite, page 65.' 2 Voir Proces-Verbaux ofliciels du Conseil de securite, Deuxieme Annee, Supplement No 2, Annexe 3.