A/39/PV.76 General Assembly

In connection with the Assemblv’s consideration of this item. three draft resoluiions have been submitted [A739/L.19 and Cow. I, L.20 and Cow. 1 and L.21 and Cow. I]. 2. Mr. OCHIENGHS-WELLBORN (Uganda): The Middle East crisis is one of the most formidable and intractable problems in the international arena. For four decades, the region of the Middle East has hardly known peace or tranquillity. Five wars have broken out, resulting in much destruction of lives and property. The grave situation in the Middle East is of concern to the whole of the international community, as it threatens world peace and security and could be the flash-point of big-Power confrontation. 3. The ramifications of the wars in the region have been felt all over the world. Therefore, as we approach the fortieth anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, we are reminded that the achievement of a peaceful solution to the Middle East crisis has been, and remains, one of the most pressing and challenging tasks on the United Nations dgenda. 4. As the Secretary-General points out in his report: “The search for a peaceful settlement in-the Middle East has followed a attem that has become all too familiar. Each o P the five destructive and inconclusive wars has been followed by a new peace effort, spurred by the renewed aware ness of the dangers of continued stalemate. On each occasion proposals were put forward and in some cases partid agreement reached, but the peace effort soon became deadlocked . . . In iime, the sense of urgency was !ost and a deadlock was once again allowed to persist until the next major crisis.” [A/39/600, para. 35.1 5. All the peace proposals have foundered because of Israeli intransigence, due in turn to Israel’s avowed aim of frustrating the restoration to the Palestinian people of its inalienable rights. 6. It will be recalled that two years ago the brutal and totally unjustified Israeli invasion of Lebanon, with its attendant and horrifying massacres of Sabra and Shatila, jolted the conscience of the international communit r as a whole and made it realize the urgency o resolving the problem. Wednesday, 28 November 1984, at IO.55 a.m. NEW YORK 7. Even the United States has acknowledged that a comprehensive solution to the Middle East situation was necessary and must take into account the rights of the Palestinian people. Consequently, President Reagan outlined his peace initiative on 1 September 1982.’ On 15 September 1982, the Soviet Union outlined its proposals for resolving the crisis.2. 8. The Arab States as well as the Palestine Liberation Organization [PLO] responded positively to the proposals for a just peace when they offered their peace plan, which was embodied in the Final Declaration of the Twelfth Arab Summit Conference, adopted at Fez on 9 September 1982.3 Despite the provocations of the unjustified Israeli invasion of Lebanon and the continued establishment of colonial settlements in the occupied Arab territories, they have stood by the offer of the Fez plan. That plan offers a basis for a just and lasting peace in which all States in the region could coexist within secure and internationally recognized borders. The International Conference on the Question of Palestine, held at Geneva from 29 August to 7 September 1983, and the thirty-eighth session of the General Assembly welcomed the Fez plan and called for an intemational peace conference on the Middle East. 9. Regrettably, Israel’s response to these proposals was negative and provocative. It dismissed out of. hand all the peace proposals from all quarters and proceeded to construct more settlements in the occupied Arab territories. 10. Ever since its inception, Israel has masked its designs and actions to acquire more Arab territories under the guise of its “concern for security within internationally reco -5;” ized borders”. Whenever it has been pressed to WI draw from occupied Arab tenitories under Security Council resolution 242 (1967), which it accepted, Israel claimed it was holdin the territories for b =r ‘ning purposes on y. An f on to impression was given t at it would withdraw from the occupied territories in the context of a comprchensive settlement, in exchange for recognitron. Israel has rejected out of hand and frustrated all the peace initiatives not because they failed tt. provide assurances of securit Israel has rejected al r to all States of the re ‘on; these proposals out of and $ preciscIy because they address the problem which is the core of the Middle East crisis. They call for the withdraws1 of Israel from the occupied territories and the restoration of the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people. 11. General Assembly resolution 181 (II), of 29 November 1947, from which Israel derives its existence, equally required the establishment of the Palestinian State. But ever since the adoption sf that resolution by the General Assembly, Israel embarked on frustrating the rcalization of a Palestinian State while at the same time absorbing its territories in the 18. It is Uganda’s tlrm view that the convening of such a conference would further advance the prospects for peace in the region. We call upon all concerned to give full eupport to the Secretary-Gen. cral in this ,endeavour, ” 19. Mr, MAITHA (Kenya): The delegation of Kena sees the origin of the unsettled situation in the t iddle East as one created by the rsecution of Jews in Europe during the Second IT orld War and their desire to migrate to their alle ed a ancestral home in Palestine. The land to whit they wanted to migrate was not devoid of inhabitants. ,Another p&$ tnibited the area and also had ancestral tma 20. When,‘at the end of the Second World War, the question arose asto what to do with the Jews who had been persecuted in Europe, the General Assembly addressed the problem and in 1947 adapted resolution 7 18 i . (II). _ 21. ,. Bl that resolution, the General Assembl created an rab-and a Jewish State in the fdrmer B ritishmandated territo of Palestine. Since that time, the region’ of~the Mi%le Bast has been turned into an area of tension and war. The tragic events that followed the decision to partition Palestine are well known and I shall not take the time of the Assembl to recount them in detail. Those details are we 1 Y documented and compose a hietory full of human misery. Tire core of tbo whole problem revoiv$s ataund P&&jnO, I-- i _- m-7 ~~~ 22. .Tho United Nations~oblivious of the entiret of the implications of its decision witnessed in 19 % g a conflict that followed the part\tioning of Pale&e. The solution davi d at the end of the conflict 16.’ Since’the restoration of Palestinian rights con. stitutes the centre-piece of a settlement, it follows that the Palestinians, through the PLO, their sole and authentic representative, must necessarily be involved in the negotiations. 17. In this connection I wish to reiterate Uganda’s sup Mr r rt for an international peace conference on the dle East called for by the International Conference on the Question of Palestine in 1983. We believe that there will be a cater chance for the success of a peace process in t e;r e Middle East if tl!ere is the participation of the Soviet Union, the United States, the PLO and all the other parties concerned on an equal footing. It is to us a matter of,regret that #&ever importan!that as.t was it should p ntirllfy took the arm of humanitarian as&tat&. have b&5o@trtied-as~the nal s&ion-needed or the prob!q&s .re&!ng from the pmititpln@ af P&stine.=:;: : k .,~- $. 23 .Tbm:we other dimensions to the problem, thi e&t -: -orhigh 1948 Am Israe ~~&ict; The fai urn o the f#f f vwis not afdi6yd tif E&c nited Nations to devise satisfactory solutions to all the aspects of the problem is ‘proved by the fact that, in the past 37 years, the region of the Middle Past has been devastated by five wars and countless breaches of the peace and of security. These unhappy events have arisen because of the unsatisfactory state of affairs in the region aud the unresolved question of the Palestinian people’s legitimate rights. 24. The General Assembly, at its twent -ninth session in 1974, in an attempt to find a suita t le and just solution to the problem of the Middle East, de arted from its ast practice of lookin on1 at the re ueee aspects o the problem in the P P bidd;e East and mstead started to look at it in its entiret . At that session, my delegation was happy to en orse d the Assembl reaffirmed the inalienable right of the -uproote d and dlsposscssed people of Palesthi% to selfdetermination and a homeland of their own. The session also recognized that the Pale .,lnians were an indispensable art lasting peace n t P I! to the establiehtr.. rlt of a just and e Middle East. MJ dqlcgatlon is delighted to see that the Assembly id itself come around to accepting what should have been accepted and firmly u held the people o P prlor to the calamities that befell Palestine in 1947 and 1948 and which have~for so long disturbed the thg =gntiFe region of the eace and security of Midd e J&st. P 26,’ We hold the view that the General Assembly, hrivinb taken the original decision to partition Palestine, must continue to find ways and means of resolving all the problem8 arising out of Its own decision. What is needed is a corn rehensivc solution thrit is Jpst, ,last/pg an,d able. to % r&g peace to the .- 28. With the adoption of Security Council FCSO~Ution 242 (1967) a process of negotiations was established. The process was further widened after the hostilities that broke out in I973 and the adoption by the Security Council of resolution 338 (1973). 29. At the same time, the General Assembl Y in resolution 3089 D (XXVIII) of 7 Dcccmber 973, reaffirmed that the people of Palestine arc entitled to excrciso their ri ht ance with the E to self-determination, in accordhartor of the United Nations, and declared that the rcaliiation of the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people is indispensable to the 32, ‘lsracl has been called upon to allow the returll of Palestinian rofbgees to their homes and property and has defied that re uest, oven to the point of mllitarily destroying re ugee camps in area8 ovor ! which it has no legal jurisdiction and whichit .has o&pied by ~force of artis,-Israel ha8 been, called upon to negotiate with ‘the representative of -the Palestinian people..on ‘an equal feting @l__hF. retied to do so. ~~ , r , :_ ~1 -.- .I 36. Mr. MBANZE (Mozambique): The question of the Middle East has been before the Assembly for more than three decades now, Needless to 8ay, during this long period numerous resolutions and decisions have been adopted by both the General Assembly and the Security Council. 37. During the debate on this issue at the thirtyeighth session, the General Assembly adopted resolution 38/180 D, in which it condemned, inlsv alla, Israel’s continued occupation of the Palestinian tcrritorics, includin Jerusalem, and demanded once aBala that Israel wit 4 draw immediately and uncondittonally from all the territories occuplcd since 1967. ~. delegation recognizcs the role played by the Organ. r z&ion in the search for a just solution to .he situation in the Middle East. 39. ‘The responsibility for the continuing crisis in the Middle East rests with Israel and some Member5 spoken before us have maderefcrcnce.~ to i those m~jnjtjatjves, “I : Ltt ; .~. 41~~Israel has not only rejected those initiatives but inits annexation of the eastern part of Jerusalem and ~Fits;decision-to extend Israeli jurisdiction and admhristratlon to the Syrian Golan Heights, also further vio!atedthc fundamental principles of international law. The.,tragcdy in Lebanon is ‘another glaring example of the stepping up of Israel’s aggressiveness. 42iMy Government views with great concern the incr%%ing collaboration between Israel-and the apar&- heid regime; -8s ‘well as between’ Israel and ‘some Member States in so far as it undermines all effortsin the Middle East and encour&es .the r ace P mie to’&rntinue .it5 mil&ristie, genocld,al and ,expansioni&‘poljcjes, .-: ‘, f .,. ‘, . . . 43. MyLdelc tion ‘oins other Member States -in condemningt is co1 aboration and in;appcalin -to ,-f? i’ those States @nccmed immediately to cc&e= ii* err @&&@n :wjth the Zionist. fame. Y?+:~ c’<- 44.: % jit&and durable inthe r on,except on t gea ce cannot-be established between father and son within the bosom of the Arab familyHe spoke about the war between Iran and Iraq; he spoke about misunderstandings between member5 of the single Arab family which stretches from one end to the other of the Arab world and he spoke about what he called the occu ation by Arab E a iI ypt.of Arab Yemen. However, he r.! rd not speak at about the situation-in the Middle~East, which is t&item under consideration,thatis togray,&eAr@ Zionist ~conflict. : _ : 1 50. &en if the Arabs have different opinions and take different paths towards the objective, in the final analysis. the ‘remain Arabs bound together by one interest an ry destiny-be they Jews, Christians or Mualims.The Jews of Yemen, for example, are Arabs just like the rc5t of the Arab!; thef are bound to the Arab peoples I!~=@=rnmon ties a .b&& qatle_n@$s anLhedtage. T ~’ -$i, ;A5 forthe Israeli representative with an American-accent who two days ago came here to 8 theAtim61y; he is an intruding colonialist w r ak in o does not. belOng atfill to that good land. The Israeli repi&tit&e’s -intention as made plain in his -statetnent,“uva8-to.&om the importatit activities of the-ffencrgl ~Assembly, He transformed serious and d&@&is conc@t$ into farce and ir6ny. &es he feel ttoMmme &hen_ hb:smds up witharmganca and v&t SW Be4 _ fyEWmek-the acthties-of’the Assembly t@3&1$# r&onsibilit ~~~‘fie~f@l~~o shame when ii for IsrAel’s crcation# e inocks ttie United Nations, the Or nization born amidst the ruins of the Second Wor d War which, as he said, took a toll B” of six million innocent Jews massacred by the arrogant Nazis who claimed that the Germans were a superior race and that Germany was above all other nations? 52. How similar today is to yesterday! 53. Since the adoption b resolution 38/180 on 19 the General Assembly of b eccmber 1983 no notcworth Y. progress has been achieved towards a ful ro utron of the Middle East problem. The gJY’ Golan Heights continue to Ian uish yrran 4f’ e baa&of Ismel’s total&l lltcondit onal‘ withdrawal from all Palestinian: and Ali ned Countries, held at New Delhi in March 1983, an cf the General Assembly, constitutes a sound framework for the establishment of lasting peace in the region. If Israel is willing to contribute to the promotion of a climate of peace in the region, it should consider abiding by the provisions of that plan#, 46. M Government’s position on the situation in the Mr dle East is well known. It has been rcaffrrmed d time and a ain here in the United Nation5 and elsewhere. it c strongly believe that peace in the occupation. The inhabitants o B under Zionist southern Lebanon con&me to suffer under the burden of occupation: Assembly rea mned that the Geneva Convention relative to tke Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949: is fully applicable to the Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967, includjllg the Holy City of Jerusalem. 55. 1 Strenuous efforts have been made to formulate ro &F sals and initiatives for the settlement of the i die East question. The Arab initiative, embodied in the Final Declaration of the Twelfth Arab Summit Conference, -adopted at Fez on 9 September 1982,” still stands. There are other constructive and sincere resolve international problems by peaceful means 62. Israel persistently refuses to accept that the evident resolve of the Palestinians to establish their own homeland, as the Israelis have done, cannot be eliminated by Intimidating military force. In fact, it was the erroneous belief chat it could resolve eke Palestinian problem by force on its own terms that led Israel into the first invasion of Lebanon in 1978. Its second invasion, launched in June 1982, was not differently motivated in spite of f’,e claim that the invasion was intended to protect its northern borders. The horrifying massacre of innocent Palestinians in the Sabra and Skltila camps whick followed 63.1:CertainIy,‘force cannot replace a political solutlon~‘The,F~estinian’~robleln still stares the lsraelis ,in’the face and remains as volatile as over.,Apart frorU the brut& force displayed by the Israeli occupa- ~tion force, the invasion left a trail of ddtruction of human and -material resources in Lebanon.’ It was solution to the Middle East P sided super-Power prob em. My delegation cannot but agree fblly with the Secretary-General that: ‘“Each succeeding war becomes more dcstructive because of the development of new and more sophisticated weapons. Far from resolving old issues, it creates new ones and widens the circle of resentment and mistrust amon p@rara. 36,] The Israelis opposing parties.” [Ibid., s lould ponder deeply over f these words of wisdom, which stress the need for a determined effort to reach a peaceful settlement. 69. In the search for a political settlement, my Government’s position calls for the total wifhdrawal of Israeli troops from Arab territories occuplcd since 1967; the wltbdrawal of all foreign troo s Lebanon: the sovereign exe&c by the Pa estinian P from 64. -,The Lebanese have categorically expressed their solemn desire to live in peace within secure bound- . . . arles. Israel’s use of “security needs” to continue to prolong its illegal occupation of Lebanese territory demonstrates the arrogant intransigence and insensitivit Solu ! ,that have characterized its attitude to the ion of the Middle East problem. It must, there- !‘ose, bear a heavy political and moral responsibility -for the situation in Lebanon, where its excessive military action has left thousands dead, maimed or homeless. It bears a shnilar responsibility for persistently undermining international efforts tp..testore pea@. and stability in that, country. ,,; 65. Regarding the situation in the occu ied territosy;;niy ‘de1 ation T is concerned over t e R iricrease in reported ewisb terrorism, particularly from the ejrtremist Jewish Mesdanic movements. The New Yo& Tlnt&.on- 20 ,Novetnber of this year, qubted otie Mr. Mat& a well-known Palestinian economist liviiigin the occupied territory, as sayin : extremism in lsrael is causing peop,le rea fear,” pi “The people of their inalienable rights, iqcluding recognition of the right to self-detcrmmatlon, the rr8ht to return to their homeland and the right to estabhsh an independent State in Palestine; the right of the PLO to participate fully in any international conference aimed at findin Middle East pro i! a just and lasting solution to the lem; and recognition of and respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of all States in the region and their right to live in peace within recognized borders. 70. It is clear to m nity should be Y delegation that every opportuc;cp ored to achieve a lasting and comprehensive solution under the aus ices of the United Nations, In this respect, 1 recal P that at the thirtyei&th session the General Assembly called for the coitveriing of an international peace conference for thie purpose [rmlution 38158 q. 71. My’delegatlon regrets to learn from the Secretary-General’s report that, in the light pf the consultations he had conducted with the arties concerned, the menibers of the Security ounod and other 2 ” interested Governments, it is quite evident that the conditipos- T uired coirference wit eB for convening the proposed any.$anp _sf success are not met at the pre&eent time. ..~ Contimiing and referring to Pabbl Meir Kahane,.the radical fbupder: of the Jewish. Defense League, he &id: -;‘%Xhane,‘&‘~pularity of the right-wing barties Z@nong the young, the Jewish terrorists, the attack ~&od-an Arab bus are all making us feel that we are ~&noo’- hysieally ~safe~any more. There is a.real fear @itb n the Palestinian Zommurtity that tlt@e_.g@: -P =:&s will %nder@ke a major attack.” 66.’ My delegatioti is aware of Israel’s penchant. for deFying United Nations resolutions, but, in the ii&t of-thegrowing.ar#iet of Palestinian Arabs for their sat%ty, Israel’s attenti&must be.drawi-td the 1949 _ckaeva: Convention--relative to the Protect!on of dv&&inPi?rakms in Time of W jatienll As&tbly resolution B r;J In thig cdnnectidn, 8/79 B of -IS Decem- W:~i983,%moirg 5thcr”things r&?&cd that the CdniWios-wds applftibla to Arab territories occupied by Israel since 1967; including Jerusalem, and demanded that Israel acknowledge and comply with its provisions. 61. In the past seven years, Israel has systematical1 set out to establish new settlements in occupied Ara z territories of the West Bank and Gaza as part of its design to consolidate its annexation of those territories. In all this, Israel has ignored international condemnation of its actions and the hardship they cause Palestinian Arabs, who are increasingly under pressure for holding land. Nigeria, therefore, reaffirms its su port for General Assembly resolution 38/79 C, w R lch demands that the Government of Israel desist forthwith from taking any a&on that would result in changing the legal status, gedgraphical 72. i Nevertheless8 my delegation has also notgd the S&R@ -General s belief in the special obligation of the Un ted Nations to make @tother determined r &f&t to fhtd the means by.which the United Nations can ‘move -forward to a negotiated peace in the Middle East on the basis of Security Council resolutions 242 (1967) and 338 (1973). It seems to him that what is needed at tions and an urn & resent is a framework for negotiarella under which the necessary contacts could develop according to the demands of the problems that were being considered. 73. While my delegation once again expresses its appreciation of the Secretary-General’s report,, 11 wishes to cniphasizc that no time, no opportunjty and no opcnin should be lost in seeking a lastmg solution to tbe i‘s addle East situation. WC regret that the co-operation needed for the implementation of the resolution adopted last year calling for this international peace conference has not been sufficiently forthcoming. We therefore call on all the merit which accepted this role-inreturn -for the estab!ishmcnt of a Jewish homeland in Arab Palestine. With these convergent objectives and interests, a deal was made and a racist entity was implanted 111 the heart of the Arab world, an entity which uses brute force to achieve the Zionist dregm of establishh%bgreater Z$mst State-on the rums of. th! Arab . . -I _ ;. .~..;: ~( . . 75. ‘~-As a result of these aggressive expansionist & olicies of the Zionist entity, the whole region has ecome the arena of a conflict of civilization between two opposites: the authentic indigenous party, which is fighting to preserve its independence and destiny, and the alien party, represented by the imperialist Zionist cam a which is trying through all means to canquer an crush the Arab nation. Pive wars of and which caused E ypt i! to leave the arena of confrontation. The en result of those accords was a vindication of the logic of force and aggression, But the vitality of the Arab nation and its experience in stru dev P e were able to limit the conse uences of that ation, which the Arab nation cons 1 dered to be an odious Zionist-American model for neace. A second attempt was ,made to impose such a’ model on Arab Lebanon, but it was doomed to failure thanks to the blows struckby fhe heloes of the &baness p&i+ r&tance. I : %.-It has -been repeated1 stated that the -basic pwblom is the continued Z dnist @g&sion~a- Y ? iast the Arab nation and the pmgramqe of tha Z onist base, which uses brute force and terror to arhisvs its ex P Bnsionist ‘goals. Zionist theory has it that the se zure of Arab territories constitutes a form of liberation of lands bestowed by God upon His chosen people, the Hebrews. That theo true intentions of the leaders o the Zionist mover clearly reveals the mcnt regarding the Arab world and helps us better to understand their perception of the pohticai frontiers of their future empire. The terrorist Sharon has said that those frontiers will be spread as far as Israeli tanks can reach. The a theory brought about t t: plication of this expansionist e occupation and annexation of the Syrian Golan Heights and the invasion of one third of Lebanese territory, as well as the accelerated establishment of settlements in the West Bank, the Gaza Strip and Egyptian Taba. i nuclear installations. Despite their claims, was hltonded to prevent the Arab nation from possessing nuclear power for peaceful u These are only a few examples of the appl cat on of P T-* the Zionist theories of security; they show the true objectives of the Zionists: expansion through the absorption of more Arab territories and the destruction of the Arab world’s entirc potential for economic rmd social doveloament. for such develoament would run counter to ~e.sc~~m~s~,and~Fequirernents.of the Ziopist entity, ~~ i I’ . . :,Y--. .-, -F~;’ .? ~- 76. ~-We are pleased to note that -the resolutions adopted by the General Assembly .over the years reveal increasing international awareness of the true nature of the conflict between the Arab nation and the Zionist entity, especially sirice the expansionist aggressive schemes of the Zionist entity and. of imperialism became clear. This is shown by the historic General Assembly resolution which declared Zionism to be a form of racism [r’esolullon ,3379 fXXXj)I ,and bv the resolution %haracteridne the .&on&i entity ;is a non-peace-loving country [ti&- tlort ES-P/II. The Assembly has also denounced and condemned-the collaboratibn between the two racist r 7, ime%, that in Occupied Palestine @nd~that~in South A nca. ‘The stand taken by the-Assembly_- he1 s hei Mi P ten our understanding of the frue nature oft R e dle East conflict and assists us~in the search for comprehensive solutiotis which take into.aqunt, the colonial and aggressivti nattire of %e .Zionist .entity. 79. The ‘Zionibt entit United Nations resolut on8 demands-that the-Organ{- Y ‘8 continued defiance ,&@I z&ion adopt suitable; ‘measurestotiiuds it, F t same rileasures -onti’~adb@ted a inst : th0acist @!@{@I r&&be in Rhodesia-and wh%h are ntiw being apflied against the racist rkgime in South Africa, There s no hope for fundamental internal than es in the licles or theories of such racist colonial &times. &must therefqre umcentratg our efforts on--the clirpination ofthose r&mea; theqersis!ence qu~sco-@er+&e pd@&?s of justice, right and-~p@% ;;’ TT? .: .--7 :partners makes the United States a direct party to $8 ressian a oinst the Arab nation. That role de. -7 J pr ves the nited St&es of the neutrality which it -seeks to project in its mediation between the Zionist entit ,the 1 and some advocates of defeatist solutions in rab world. Conse &brought into the wor d 7 uently, any settlement which at the hands of the United States midwife will be no more than a document of .surrender to Zionist condition+ on the pattern of the ‘Camp David accords. . ~. ~, i82; ‘;‘The question before us is closely related to the &nctions and purposes of the United Nations and to c princi- Midd e Past, principles already established and approved earlier by the Genera! Assembly, the Securit Council and the Movement of Non-Ajgned count&g. ’ -ii : _ : i S9. :Dr& resolution A/39/L,.l9 is a comprehensive remsolution on the situation in the Middle Past. While welcoming the world-wide support extended to the justtcause-of the Palestinian people and the other -Arab eountsies in their stru sion--and ooixtpation, it eVagciinst Israeli aggresi ust and lsstin & for a comprehensive t, reafirms~ t % solution of the Middle East problem: e conviction that the question of Palestfne is the ease of the conflict in the Middle East other territories oceu ied since June 1967..The draft .resolution~re@Tirs, R rther that a just and eompre- Kensive’settlement cannot be achieved without the 90, i Draft resolution A/39/L.20 condemns Israel for its failure to comply with Securit Council and Genera! Assembly resolutions and eclares that its (Y occupation of the Syrian Golan Heights constitutes an act of a 39 of the C BP/; ession under the revisions of Article arter of the United k ations and Genera! Assembly resolution 3314 (XXIX). It also declares that Israel’s decision to impose its laws, jurisdiction and administration on the wcu Heiglrts is null and void and wit lout legal validity, B led Syrian Golan 85. The representative of the Zionist entity was not able for one second to hide his m&m, whatever his ski!! in lyiw and propa ating disinformation. He was not able to product o 8 trcd of evidence which could f ehan e the 8 the genera! conviction that thf: existence of ronist rkgime is contrary to the requiremeuts of restoring peace and security to the region. Even more repugnant was that person’s attempt to label others as terrorists when they defend their lands and destinies. and emphasizes that this decision must be rescinded. While callin& upon Member States to apply cer ain measures wtth a view to isolating Israel, the II raft resol6tion rcaffnms the necessity for total and un- ‘-91. -.I Draft resolution G/39/L,21 deals wlth the Holy City of Jerusalem. It declares that Isracl’s decision to impose its laws, jurisdiction and administration on Jerusalem is iIlcga!_and th@QfOrQ nyi! pnd. void aqd has no validity. 4. (’ 92, I have briefl enumerated the content of the three drafi resolut Y ons before the Assembly. I do not believe that there is any need to dwell at length on each of these texts since they all are self-explanatory. 93. The tragic conflict in the Middle East constitutes a grave threat not only to peace in the region but also to international peace and security. Kecent months have witnessed a deterioration in the situation, resultin % in further acts of a P resdon and intimidation y Israel of the Palestln an and Lebanese P eoples. It is im to th s conflict whit r rtant to find an early solution millions of has brought untold misery to .people who 1: eople, in particular the Palestinian ave been unjustly denied their basic and inherent right to self-determination and nationhood. The Sccrotasy-General’s report [A/39/600] ‘states that the Arab.Israeli conflict in the Middle East irnd its key issue, the Palestinian problem, have remained unresolved despite intensive efforts undertaken b the United Nations and individual Member States uring the past 37 years. The primary reason iI’ for the lack of progress in finding a comprehensive solution is the arrogance and intransigence of Israel, tihich has deliberately defied the yill. of=the-internatioaal comuaity, - .-~ -,-~T -~ 94,-’ India has consistently advocated that a just and comprehensive solutioil to the problems of western Asia should comprise the exercise by the Palestinian people? of their inalienable national and human rights, including the right to’establish an independent State in their homeland, the total and unconditional withdrawal of Israel from all Arab territories occu. Pi ied since 1967, including the Holy City of Jemsaem, and a uarantee that all States in the region, including PJtistine, will be able to&v_ w&l&~ 6%~ &nd ,rec@zed borders. 98. The situation in the Middle East has -been described lucidly and lblly~ ~by previous speakers F articularly by some of OI Muslim brothers and urthermore everybody knows what is happeni,n in the Middle East; everyone knows the sad story o P the occupation of Palestine, the Golan Heights, southern Lebanon and the West Bank, new s$tlemcnts, and so OI;TII;$,SO forth. .,There ~1s uottig t@t 3 rwy 99. The repetition of these problems and the reiteration of the agony of the Middle East, which is indeed due to the Zionist invasion and occupation of Palestine, are due to a sad assumption-that the international consciousness at the United Nations is so sleepy, so irresponsibly playful, callous and sometimes devoid-of an honest aooroach to. issues that and alterwards become have done.” 103. I believe that all the cheap and dirty alley tions and arguments produced by the representative 107. No honest member of a delegation-which moans no member of a dole ation--nt the United .Nations should accept the tf c cap and vulgar argum?nts_ produced by the Zionist representative. i.108. 1 am not an Arab and as a matter of fact 1 personally hate nationalism because it has deceived some of our noble Muslim Arab brothers who might take some mythical pride in Arab nationalism. 109, They have forgotten, probably, the holy verse: “So lose not heart, nor fall into despair: for ye must gain mastery if y? aretrue in Faith.’ [Suruh III: 139.1 JtO, -As a non-Arab and strong opponent of natbralism, 1 feel duty-bound to elaborate upon the ~Cultura! dignity and historical magnanimit of the Arabs, who +ppep (to be the dctirps o I Zionist invasions. 111. The land of Arabia, indeed, is a land of sacred war. It is the most sacred land, that has within it the tioet sacred sanctuarle& of mankind. As human b&ings, not irs dI ti indebted to t i lomats or representatives, we are all e blessing of Allab and.$ust be’ so t_hakfuI to.hiin sot sending to us his holy prophets, ynangATyhoip came from the same sacred land. 115. The abstract art of Arabic poet and language remains unique and a great and va uable part of r human culture. It takes more than what this General Assembly can offer to elaborate upon the Arabic herita indee 8 e, Arabic art, Arabic poetry, Arabic prose and, , the Islamic heritage that is written in the Arabic language. 1 will give another piece of evidence for those who are interested in culture. The on 911 of’t I 6&s, Jesus, Mohamed-may peace be em-have brought the message of God and they all come from the same land. 112. The Arabic language is one of the stron est and, lin uistically speaking, the most efficient f: anflaps. Br hose who know Arabic and have a very asic knowledge of mathematical logic and the symbolic section of the calculus propositions know very well that Arabic propositions are the closest and, 1 must say, best symbolic representations of then mathematical equivalents. There arc many which are too primitive to be corn langua es P ared to the Ara %* IC language. There are many such anguages, some of them already reco nized here,, but those who are familiar with Arab c and linguistics know very well k what the Arabic language is. matter of fact, it is the modern intellectual who can ,l lg. Problems among the Arab8 to which the Zionist enemy referred in hi8 statement two day8 ago come from the Zionist invasion and occupation and, more than invasion and occupation, from the Zionist infiltration in tho Arab land m particular and in the Muslim land in general. It 18 the Zionist conspiracies that have divided the entire Muslim land particularfy t the Arab land, into small bit8 and $eces in the arm of km dams, sheikhdoms and ‘figure-headdams”, whlc are happy with a small stone a8 a 4 territory, a flag, a national anthem and 8ome money to buy weapon8 from, the Zionist industry. It is the Zionist enemy_yhrch 18 t&e.core @I qgse of a&our problems. ,I 119. The problem is that the Arab8 have been too ho8pitablC and too kind and, therefore, received every disloyai, inhuman and unwanted puest and treated them on the baFIi8 of Arab hospitahty, not on the basis of Zionist treachery and dishpnesty, That is the problem. ‘120. -Those dishonest terrorists who have invaded our region must shut their mouths, They are not in a position to tell u8 about Arab violence. The difference8 in our region are due to the Zionist and im Pa estine, have divided the entire Muslim world and p” riaiist ‘plots. -It t8 thoy who have annihilated created problem8 #and more problem8 for all of us. .And, as they themselves have said in their interview8 with our brother Shaykh al-Islam, even the imposed war comes from them. 121. As for the Zionists’ side of the argument, I think we need only quote their own authorities, There is a booklet-I am sure representatives have seen it-written by an honest Zionist who went to Palestine with the intention of permanently settling there but afier some time decided that he could not endure. the terror and corruption Oxistin in that occupied land and returned to the United d tates and wrote his memoirs for you good people to understand what x ou are talking about and what you are deciding on. is name-L Jack Bernstein,: an Ashkenazi Jew wh@’ does. not have that strong. Zionist feeling or commitment ,to the so-called religious doctrine of zionism. 1, shall-quote him, because he io a person who must be taken as an authority. I think he is horicst and right. Ha knows about the internal issue8 and conflicts and the machinations of Zionism more than anyone else. 122. The booklet is entitled The tifi ofan Ame& cun Jew in Racist A4arxisr Israel. In a section entitled “Visitors to Israel”, he writes the following: “Tourism is one of Israel’s main Source8 of income. The largest ‘i roup of visitors are American Jews. But there are a 80 many American Christians who want to visit the holy shrines and to see the land of ‘God’8 Chosen People’.” It is interestin to be God’8 c fl that only the (atheist) Zionists clnim o8en people. “TheSo Christians come away very impressed and filled with religiou8 fervour. complishments the art8 and to.stir sympathy,thOy are taken to visit the kolocaust Museum. “But, kept from the eyes of the tourist8 are the ghettos, the prison8 where political mostly Arab8 and Sephardic Jews, are 8u & risoners, the most inhuman0 forms of torture,” jecjed to 123, I must also recall and remind representatives that those experts who used to educate the agent8 of torture in the Shah’s Administration were recruited from Israel. They were Israeli torture specialists who came to Iran and instructed and educated Some of the secret police and member8 of the Shah’8 Adminis. tration in matters of torture. They are the experts, and they must definitely have exercised their Ox rtise for the inter@ problem8 and so-called @at ons p” very officiently* ?,.-~ ._ : ,. . .;_ “The tourists do not see the widespread crime activities and the corruption and co-operation between organ&d crime bosses and government and police off%ials. The tourists do not loam of the true inner workin s of Israel’s Marxist!Fascig~ Government; nor o they 8ee Israel’s racism. CH -“I met an American tourist who couldn’t help tellin me about the wonderful religious feeling she had &om just being in ,INrAOl-the Holy Land. I remarked to her: !Just try givipg.a Bible to a tocal Jew and you will see ,h?w much religion and religious freedpm there 1s m Israel. I+ei~,b#~ pohce, you will be .arrested.” 124, About religion,‘in Israel, he writes: .,/i, “The land on which the present State of,&ael ha8 been built, formerly Palestine, was ogc+@a@d upon by Moses,~-Jesus and Mo.bmed. .I “!- *:j-’ mm “Since Palestine-was the site of many ‘reli ‘ous events and has many religious sites, it is; tig&dl referred to as the Holy Land. So one tiuld thin h that Palestine, now Israel, would tend+@;%9 air of holiness about it. “When :Palestinian Muslims and Pale&& The Zionist-he is from the inside--says: “Israeli laws suppress all reli d ion. it is against the law to try an For instance, convert a Jew to another religion, even if the Jew is an athoid or a humanist. A Christian is permitted to preach the gospel in a church building, but for the clergy, for anyone, even to tell anyone about the teachmgs in the Bible outslde the church building will brmg a five-year prison sentence. For a Christian to ive a Bible or other religious article to a Jew wd also 3 bring a five-year sentence. Even an act of kindness by a Christian toward8 a Jew, such a8 giving a gift $~.;~:,.~This-same ~la\v’of religious’suppression applies r+:;.tothbe.~o,f the Islamic faith who in an act of .;!~mi kindness give a grit of any’kmd to .a ,Jew!. A five- ..* y&r ‘prison scntcncc can result.. ‘- : 1 .$~:i”“The treatment of reli ious Jews is touchy for .~~-‘thc rulinu Zionists. Word-wide. Jews and non- ! > Jews vic~Israol as a land where Jews may ‘j:;: their religion without persecution. There ore the r ractise $--;Zionists do not dare risk suppressing Judaism for mte+fear of arousing world opinion against them, so the ,;;-ruling Zionists merely tolerate the religious prac- !??.tices of the,~ small ..mhiority pf,.re!igious Jews in ..-j.,-;‘lsfael.“!..- c ;. ‘~ ‘125. Later, the writer tries to give a warning to the ‘American people, to the American taxpayers, who ?are supporting Israel without knowing what they are ::supportin 8 . ,partially It is not simply out of ignorance; it is ue, with all respect, to the datermining,role ::that the Ztomst agents can play in the, Amerrcan lAdm_inistratron. Thrs is headed ‘A warnmg to Mr., ,.Mrs.Land ,Miss America” and he says: 1 .: .;,- !‘-The.,Marxist Zionists who rule Israel and the ;$Marxist Zionists in America have been trying to -:- trick-the United States into a Mid-Past war on the -,:side of Israel, of course. Tbcy almost succeeded ‘*2when United States Marines were sent to Lebanon ;~.in, 1982. The blood of the 250 American Marhrcs ‘--;who died in Lebanon is drip &he Israeli and.Anicrican 2? ing from the hands of ionists, ,, .A_ “If more Americans are not made aware of the ~~‘%t&rth about Zionist/Marxist Israel, you can be sure ?zthat sooner orlater, these atheists who claim to be ‘2-Go&s Chosen People will trick the United States -.;into a Mid-East war against the Arabs who in the ~. ; =past have ‘always been America’s best friends.” %hat-is-the recom’mendation and the observation of $n>honest Jew. About the crimes -in Israel he says: ~~~?Since;Israel (formerly Palestine) is.’ the land &vhere Moses Jesus and Mohamed once walked, it -mould seem the inhabitants of this land would have ,g res.rect. fdr, t&holy land and for the religiou8 sites -r&tme&t, L --- &&!!Nearly~ all Arab Muslims and Arab Christians o :I&! I respect, even reverence, towards the olhiess of tbe’land; but only a smail minority of J&v& have, this. same respect.~ N&at t-OCR-thefewish population arc -five per a heists or r @$?+I@ humanists and are not held back.by the 10 ~~~~~@imandments pr other restraints on sinful human behaviour. “When the Zionist/Bolshevik Jews won control of the ‘Holy Land’ every form of sin began see into this land. Within a few short decades this 8, ing oiy land became a moder.n-day Sodom and Gomorrah. Drug trade, drug abuse, illegal weapons sales, prostitution, gambling, labour racketeering murder extortion blackmail insurance fraud loan shaikin and p? and iorruption bf Government o!ficials po ICC. “Israel has a hi headquartered in % hly organised crime syndicate, at-Yam near Tel Aviv. Many members of the crime syndicate are ex-convicis and ex-commandos from the Israeli army and they the United States.’ They have even set up a distribution network within ,G~rrnany .and the United States.” ,i_. 126. ‘The whole of this article articles of this nature give a very picture of the nature of Zionism, tive comes here to attack Arabs on violence. It is a shame, is it not? 127. The Zionist problem in the Middle East is not simply a political problem or a military problem; it is a fundamerital~moral and religious problem; it is a centre of corruption. The can get rid of this centre o F eople of the Middle East corruption only when the centre is eradicated and those Ashkenazi Jews who travelled to Palestine with m to their beautiful homes in thical dreams go back L ndon and Paris and New York. ‘The Middles F!a$ belongs to the Middle Easteq people. mi ~~ I must reiterate that all those resolutions and 129. The solution is very simple. A group of Ashkenazi Jews have come and occupied a piece of our territory, our region, our Islamic land. Please, ask your friends to leave the area and leave the rest of the problems to us. Let us solve our own problems. We do not want your he1 , Whatever we say, let us solve our own problems. T R e Zionist agents, who make the foreign policy of many of the super-Powers, come and say: “The Islamic revolution is gomg to eat you up. You must su Jordan against port Saudi Arabra or Kuwait or Is am”-not knowing that Jordani- P ans, Kuwaitis and Saudi Arabians are already Muslims, It is the American imperialist Zionist interest that is threatened by Islam and by the Islamic uttered in ‘this Hall, but a declaration of their commitment to peace through justice and thereaffii. mation of that commitment. 135, In their statements, the re resentatives have reported in detail and at great ength, They have P expressed their concern and alarm over the uneeaslng brutality of the occupying Power Israel, and the suffering of the Palestinian and other Arab, peoples under, Israeli occupation. 136. The international community demands, and should demand, an end to Israel’s aggression and the termination of it5 occupation of our.homeland, our territory, 137. We noted with great satisfaction the principles R renounced by President Mitterrand of France on 27 ovember 1984. One of those principles of French policy refers in particular to the Palestinian and is in conformity with the relevant peDpfe resolut on8 of the United Nations. In that statement, President Mitterrand said: “Then there is the right of all I? ples, in particular the peoples of the region, to a omeland where they can develop the structure5 of their choice. This applies tspaciaIly to the Palestinian people.“* Prosnthat statement the sition of France -rdin the PgIestittian State an tr the choice of the i8$hfditi po#e is very olcar. That -is a ip”nciple that the wof d ould bear in mind and rea y apply. 136. The most notable aspect of the situation in the Middle Past is the Arab-Israeli conflict. 139. We have studied carefully the reports of the Secretary-General [A/39/533, ANo/ ortd A/39/130 and Add* I]. The observations made by the Secretary-General in his reports are of great signiftcance. Let me state immediately that the PLO greatly appreciates the endeavours and efforts of Mr. Perez de Cu6llar. He has done and continues to do the utmost in hi5 limited power. It is the response and the cooperation of Member States that facilitate implementation and we cannot rcahy demand too much from the Secretary-General. However, we have ‘Quoted in French ty the speaker. peaceful solution. Aad was it not Israel which violated every sin le provision of Securit Council resolution 242 (1#67)7 Resolution 242 (8367) wa5 doomed to failure because Israel utilized it as a stepping-stone for the next act of a ession. Moreover, resolutlon 242 (1967) addresse tr an exigency, a state of war, but completely ignored the core of the conflict, namely, the question of Palestine, the deftiny of the Palestinian people andi ,tho oe#p!ed Palestinian territory. -’ -- : %..=- -~-. 142. We felt certain then that the United-States 144. Partial agreement was reached in one area. This wa5 an a eement the General Assemblyeonsidered to be nu 1 and void in 5o far as it purported to r determine the future of the Palestinian people and of the occupied Palestinian territories. Israel maliciously used that partial agreement to launch a major offensive against Lebanon. It repeated its aggression by invading Lobanon. The Israelis claimed that the invasion was launched to destroy the PLO’s infrastructure and to eliminate the Palestinian armed elements, The United State5 Governmeut subscribed to the “elimination of Palestinian armed elements”, to quote a statement made in the Security Council by the United States representative. Note that that representative speaks of the elimination of human United Nations. rzmg their terrorism against the 147. Thus, it becomes clear that it is not the “intransigence of one party or another”, but the policy and deliberate obstruction of the Govern. ments of the United States and Israel that undermine peace proposals and efforts. 148. The PLO tlrmly adheres to the call made b its Chaimran, Yasser Arafat;at the International 8 on. ference on the Question of Palestine, held at Geneva in 1983: the call for the convening of an international peace conference. 149. We fully concur with the conclusion arrived at b the Secretary-General that the Arab-Israeli cont&t can be resolved only by a comprehensive settlement, coveting all its aspects, in accordance with the principles of the -Charter of the United Nations and the relevant resolutions-not selected resolutions,’ 1. .; 150. The United States Government 153. -That same law donates to Israel no less than 5910 million in so-called economic support-for which we may read more Israeli settlements in the occupied Palesthrian territories. The law grants 5850 million for military education and training and 5300 million for research and development by the Israelis in the United States, and an additional $250 million for the procurement of defence articles and services. 154. .-The role of the United States Government, in its determination ‘to impose a Pax Attwicatra through strategic military alliances and in its annulment of the role of the United Nations and its endeavours for peace, is very clear. 155.’ The PLO calls upon all Member States and the rest of the international communit contribute-to the extent each is ab e-with the aim Y to join in and of ‘convening the hiternational peace conference, as called for in the relevant resolutions. That is the only oath to oeace. 15 1, TheUnited States Government has even institutlonaliied its earn tion: a clear ease o P sign of terrorlxing aud intimida- State terrorism. It has adopted a law, Public ‘L&w, 98-11, $f ,[4 Nov(Snber 1983, $hiyh reads@ ‘partiIm-m L: =- * = “Not later thti January 31. of each year, qr at the ‘1 time of the transitMat by the President tb the Con ress of the annual presentation materials on fore gn assistance, whichever is earlier, the Presif dent shall transmit to the Speaker of the House of Re resentatives and the President of the Senate a ful P and complete report which assesses, with respect to each foreign country, the degree of support by the government of each such country during the precedmg twelve-month period for the foreign pohcy of the United States. Such report shall include, with respect to each such country which is a member ofthe United Nations, information to be compiled and supplied by the Permanent Representative of the United States to the United Nations, consisting of a comparison of the overall voting practices m the principal bodies of the 157, Mr. MAKSOUD (League of Arab States): The Middfe East question concerns basically the issues and problems that arise from the Arab-Israeli con. flici..bme of these issues become more complex, and afjparently~~intractable, as a consequence of Israeli intfansigenee and the nearly blind support that Israel r&Ives from the United States. This situation renders the Middle East crisis-prone and has an adverse impact on the future of stability and peace in the region and throughout the world. 158. Since the Assembly’s thirty-eighth session, several developments have taken place in the Middle East: they are germane to this debate an&l should be recorded and explained. 159. The first development was the abrogation of the 17 Ma agreement, forced by Israel upon Lcbanon. This 4 evelopment constituted an important step towards the healing of Lebanon’s wounds and brightened the prospects for Lebanese national cohesion. The 17 May agreement was divisive and tended to legitlmize negotiations conducted under the duress of 161, called What must be empbasizcd is the fact that soa reemcnts “ncgotiatcd” under the duress of occupat on and brokcrcd by a super-Power arc & rcverslble. This rcniit construed in terms o ty should not be, as it has been, a “set-back” or “succcs~“, but should be construed in terms of improving the opportunities for a comprehensive Middle East peace. The righting of a wron agrecmcnt must bc welcome t formula, or a wrong and should not be a cause for brooding. True, the situation in Lebanon remains tenuous but, equally true the prevalent thrust is towards national unity, institutional reform and credible opportunities to cxcrcisc the preroga. tives of full sovereignty. 162. Israel’s continued procrastination about cx- E editing its withdrawal from Lebanon, and the cfghtencd level of its inhuman practices against the population ln the occuplcd tcrritorles-as manifested yesterday by the arrest of more than 50 persons in the South-have brought about the heroic Lebanese resistance, of which the Arab woman and the Lebame woman from the South who demonstrated in a 163, The second develo what is taking place with P merit, related to the fit’$, is n Egypt. At earlier sessions I explained in detail the reasons for the Arab League’s stron accords. What s new is the growing level of op k opposition to the Camp David sition to those a and unotTlcial f reements inside Egypt, on the 0 R cial the universalit evels, This has beon demonstrated by of the Egyptians’ boycott of the socalled nonnal~xation aspect of ~‘tha Camp David atXords:Widespread frmtmtio~. manifests itself in the growth of political parties that reinforce the awareness that the ce treaty between E t and Israel was but a smo e-screen and a licence or Israel Y P to proliferate scttlcments in the West Bank and Gaza, annex Jerusalem, annex the Golan Hoi hts, invade Lebanon and render the Camp Davr accords a *c! & retext for Israel’s rejectionist policies and a way to uy time in order to annex more territories, conduct 164. Egy nation an 8 t, conscious of its role within the Arab aware of the trap that the Camp David accords constituted, has moved to distance itself from those accords, although it is not yet read extricate itself from their suffocathtg hold. d $ ‘.‘~16~,~-‘What-might requlreex $sons .for this IJnited States a dbation of objective u ements in order to placate an Israel on the loose i-.anc sme nr tices that are so lnimlcal to United :$tateq ‘values, policies, interests and expected role. (. 170. We shall eu: try to undertake here this task of .explondlon. There is growing evidence that many in the United States are beginning to see throu ~:massive cover-up of Israel’s role in debr stating P this .,J dfl li PC -iUnited Stat@ capability and credibility in the region. ..,Americans, not only in the constituency of con- -:science but also among the pragmatists, are freeing --- Trthemselves from the fear of being called anti-Semitic when they criticize Israel oe oppose its policies or the .:,huge, military and economic assistance it receives. %.:I 7 1. Welcome as the emergence of such elements $among policyand opinion-makers is, WL cannot exaggerate their actual influence and their eventual &pact. What can be ascertaiued is that the wellrestablished Israeli lobby no longer has an exclusive claim on d*telmining United States polic direction :.in the Middle F%t or opinion-making. d at having been said, it is still incumbent upon us to avoid false hopes or to indulge in wishful thinking. -172. “‘But now that the United States elections are lover and the auction. of favoms to Israel among candidates no louger mutes a genuine debate on issues pertaining to the United States position on the middle- Past, it is only lo ical -to expect from ‘the United States much more t 4 an the voting duet with [ %rael id-,the ‘General Assembl P which, with sad ~bewilderment, we observed so requently. ‘!173l”It might be said that an analysis of the United ‘States role here is dispro ,other sectors of -the worl b” rtionate compamd to commtutlty, :There~are ,obviQus ‘reasons for this focus. 176. Thirdly, the United States view of the Middle East issues in terms of super-Power corn confrontation led it to ignore the basical y regioual p” tition or and local grievances that flow from Israel’s conquest, continued occupation of territories, annexionist policies and racist praatices. This in turn meant that the United States could not judge issues on their merits, but on whether they served the strategic priorities of the cold war. “178. ‘The United States failure to aoareciate the determinant role of inter-Arab relatioris’ resulted iu the United States Administration anreeina with Israeli assumptions and thus in mauy lustaGes viewing developments in the Middle East through Israeli e ry es and without question, although distancing itsel at times from the more embarrassiug excesses of Israel’s behaviour and practices. 179. We in the Arab natlon have for many historical and intellectual reasons rellcd on a United dtates ability to be even-handed only to see this being interpreted as a willingness on our part to be hostages to llnitcd States bias towards Israel. When the Arabs presented the world with the peace lan embodied in .the Final Declaration of the Twel R h Arab Summit Conference, adopted at Fez on 9 September 1982,’ the United States treated our commitments to genuine &ace as a potential disposition to CP assivity. The United States assumed that it could o little about Israeli intransigence-some Americans justified it, others simply accepted it, few were critical of it. This UnitedStates assumption led it to put pressure on .the Arabs to make concessions when our collective ‘reasonableness and moderation were expected to induce the United States to exert pressure on Israel. 180, I do not want to dwell any further on the ‘paradox ot the United States the Arab-Israeli conilict. Su I? sition and policies on me it to mention that 181.’ The United States requested Israel to freeze its settlements in the West Rank and Gaza. Israel built more settlements in its creeping annexation of those areas. The United States mcreases its mllitery aid to Israel and creates task ‘forces to save Israel from economic@&%pse. The p@adox becomes more paradoxlcal. -: ’ ‘? 183. The Middle East question cannot be discussed except in a much wider context. Developments in the Middle Eas! region invariably influence what takes place in the wider field of international relations in the same manner as the events in the region are influenced bv them. The interaction between the regional and ihe global is not only ,nevitable but very much felt in the Middle East itself, 184. Herein lie the challeu e aad the o What has taken place recent y in the glo f & portunity. al context can be viewed as a positive evolution. The recent of tczInsiop. : ‘/ acknowledged and appreciated,, I .,: ; : -. --;:; i ,.;‘ 192. .The Arab States ‘at the Twellth Arab Summit Conference, held at Fez, clearly spelt out a viable Arab consensus. Wo have sought to make our position in tune with the reauirements of the intemational consensus and theresolutions of the United Nations. Our position shtcc the Pea peace proposal and resolution has been clear, consistent and corre- 18% -As far as the Middle East is conccrncd, this means that a new opening is conceivable for an authentic, comprehensive and just peace. It%- -In other words, in order to seize this opportunity it is crucial that the international peace confercnce recommended by the thirty-eighth session of the General Assembly and proposed by the Secretory- General be defined more precisely and efforts to convene it be pursued more vigorously, 187. We in the Loague of Arab States arc keen on making a contribution towards this goal. The proposed conference has the advantage of focusin on the cruises and problems that are the crux o P the Middle L :t tensions and crises. This means that problemnnperati~~,;i ett ter of the cold war or of super-Power 3 n will be removed from the overriding competition for influence or projection of power. 188. This is a propitious moment for the Secretary- General to reinvi~~orate his initiative concernin the convening of thn conference. Perhaps some o e the objections the United States raised in the midst of a Presidential election would no longer stand the test of a more objective criterion. The United States furthermore undoubtedly will real& the beneflts of a broader and comprehensive approach and a more collective participation. Insistence on unilateralism in this matter has proved counter-productive and inimical to the declared objcctivcs for which vgriotta initiatives were undertaken. ~ 189. ~Israel’s outright rejection of the convening of an international conference only reinforces our belief that Israel will continue tot assured of t e prior Umte ‘2: to veto this pro r sal os States this adamant refusal would not be militarily or economically costly. We that the United States can act upon its -4 * ‘udgement and the requirements of its responsibility. his will signal to Israel that its tantrums will not inhibit the United States from-pursuing its policy objectively and even-handedly. 190. The proposed international conference, as noted in the Secretary-General’s report, will be within the United Nations framework. That it is supported by a super-power like the Soviet Union should not preclude studying the proposal on its procedural as well as its substantive merits and should be an incentive to make the process of resolvin tional a the Middle East problems a broad, intemas ared effort international friction. instead of being a cat&c for 191. We are aware that nuclear disarmament has top priority on the agenda of the forthcoming --LL = 193, The year 1985 ought to be the year when the Middle East problem is addressed thoroughly and decisive1 There is a conver ence of factors that rcndcrs t k IS option feasible an cf achievable. We must seize the opportunity. The modalities provided by the Secretary-General’s re rt constitute a relevant vehicle and the United BP atrons the proper framework. If this can be obtained, then a new era of authentic peace and progress can be introduced. Much of our energies will then go towards rcalixing the noble ob’ectives to which the United Nations is dedicated. i d hat better way for the United Nations to celebrate its fortieth anniversary than to succeed in achieving what has for too long eluded us, name1 ‘ust, durable and comprehensive peace in the MI die B d , a st and the realisation of the nation@ andCh~nma$ rightsof the Palestinian poplc. ‘1 :- -. 194, The PRE!%XNT (kfer~retaliorl fionl Spanis/r): The votin -on ‘the draR-resolutions on this agenda item w ii .,@kcplace.at~ a later meeting.-;-: ., -~,-. ,;- -- :-.- ,-., ~, 5cc Weekly Compila~lon ofPresidenfla1 ikxuments (Washin& rggA”* Li~cr~cnLPrlafiug OTi 1982),~OL~l~pp, p. %cc GJklal Records of the Security Council, Thirty-sevetih Year, Suppiemetu for Juh Au@sJ and SepJen$b !982, dQcummU 5115403. 1 ~.~ .- IIbId., Supplemem for Gctober, nto~emkr aml @c@r#@ dmmcnt WISSIO, annex. %cc Repor of fhc InternadonaJ Con&ence on the Quesflon of PaMne, Geneva, 29 Augur&9 Seplumlkv 1983~(Un$&$lat$ULJ publlcatton, !&la No. &83.1.21), &a~. 1. - -::, ‘United Nations, Tr@y Se7le.t yol. %,No. 973. -- -‘* .- Wnited Sfafas Code: Congressional and Aa?uffllslrarlw News, 98th Congrers--Mnt .Sculon, 1983, Public Law 98-151 (St. Paul, Minn,, West Publishing Co., 1984).