A/41/PV.71 General Assembly

This morning the Assembly will proceed to the election of

This morning the Assembly will proceed to the election of the members of the International Law Commission. the members of the International Law Commission. In conformity with the provisions of chapter I of the statute of the In conformity with the provisions of chapter I of the statute of the Commission, the 34 members of the Commission are to be elected for a five-year term Commission, the 34 members of the Commission are to be elected for a five-year term of office, in this case beginning on 1 January 1987. of office, in this case beginning on 1 January 1987. In this connection, I first draw the attention of the Assembly to document In this connection, I first draw the attention of the Assembly to document A/4l/762 of 24 October 1986, in which are listed in alphabetical order the A/41/762 of 24 October 1986, in which are listed in alphabetical order the candidates nominated by Governments of States Members of the United Nations for candidates nominated by Governments of States Members of the United Nations for election to the International Law Commission. In addenda 1 and 2 to that document election to the International Law Commission. In addenda land 2 to that document the Assembly is informed of the withdrawal of the candidature of Mr. Munim the Assembly is informed of the withdrawal of the candidature of Mr. Munim (Bangladesh) and Mr. Kane (Mauritania). Accordingly, these two names should be (Bangladesh) and Mr. Kane (Mauritania). Accordingly, these two names should be deleted from the list of candidates nominated for election to the International LaW deleted from the list of candidates nominated for election to the International LaW Commission set out in document A/41/762. Commission set out in document A/41/762. The curricula vitae of the candidates at~ contained in document A/4l/440 and The curricula vitae of the candidates at~ contained in document A/4l/440 and Corr.l and 2 and Add.l. Corr.l and 2 and Add.l. (The President) As d~legations are aware, in accordance with article 5 of the statutE! of the As d~legations are aware, in accordance with article 5 of the statutE! of the International Law C08Bission, the n&BeS of candidates shall be submitted by 1 June International Law COMission, the n_a of candidates shall be submitted by 1 June of the year in which an election is held. Bowever, in the past the General of the year in which an election Is held. However, in the past the General Assembly has not excluded frOll election any candidate whose name has been sublDitted Assembly has not excluded frOll election any candidate whose name has been sOOmtted after 1 June of the election year. I draw attention to this IIl!ltter because the after 1 June of the election year. I draw attention to this _tter because the list of candidates as it new stands, after the withdrawal of two candidates, list of candidates as it now stands, after the withdrawal of two candidates, contains the name of one candidate nominated after 1 June 1986. contains the name of one candidate nominated after 1 June 1986. May I take it that the General Asselllbly agrees that the names of all the May I take it that the General Asselllbly agrees that the names of all the candidates contained in document A/41/762, with the exception of the two candidates contained in document Al41/762, with the exception of the two withdrawals, be considered as duly nominated - that is, as ~ndidates for the withdrawals, be considered as duly nominated - that is, as ~ndidates for the purposes of this election of the _libel'S of the International Law COlJd'lliss!on? purposes of this election of the aeRbers of the International Law CoNmission? I hear no objection. I hear no objection. It was so decided. It was so decided. The PRESmBNT: There are now 51 candidates eligible in this election. The PRESmBNT: There are now 51 candidates eligible in this election. The persons to be elected to the COmmission should individually possess the The persons to be elected to the COmmission should individually possess the qualifications required - that is, they should be "persons of recognized competence qualifications required - that is, they should be "persons of recognized competence in international law". The statute also provides that "in the Commission as a 1n international law". The statute also provides that "in the Commission as a whole representation of the _in for_ of civilization and of the principal lef;al whole representation of the _in for_ of civilization and of the principal lef;al systems of the world should be assured". s~atems of the world should be assured". According to the statute, the members of the Co_ission are eligible for According to the statute, the members of the COlUlission are eligible for re-election. The present I1I8l11bership of the Co_ission is set out in the annex to re-election. The present meRbership of the COmmission Is set out in the annex to document A/41/439, of 2 July 1986. document A/4l1439, of 2 July 1986. (The President) (The president) In accordance ~ith rule 92 of the rules of procedure of the General Assembly, In accordanca ~ith rule 92 of the rules of procedure of the General Assembly, the elec:tion will be held ~ sec:ret ballot. the elec:tion will be held ~ secret ballot. Representatives ~re reauested to place a crOS8 before the names of the Representatives ~re reauested to place a crOS8 before the names of the candidatea for wholft they wish to vote, but not to Iftark more than the number of ..at. available for each regional group in accordance with paragraph 3 of General candidates for Wholll they wish to vote, but not to mark more than the number of ..ats available for each regional group in accordance with paragraph 3 of General Assembly resolution 36/39, namely: A, eight nationals from African States, B, Assembly resolution 36/39, namely: A, eight nationals from African States, B, seven from Asian States, C, four from Eastern Europ~an States, D, seven from Latin s.ven from Asian States, e, four from Eastern Europaan States, D, seven from Latin A8erican States, and B, eight frcmWestern Ruropeafi and other States. "-erican States, and B, eight from Western Ruropea~ and other States. lhose candidates, up to the maximum number of seats allocated for each l'hose candidates, up to the maximum number of seats allocated for each regional group, who obtain the greatest number of votes and at least a majority of regional group, who obtain the greatest number of votes and at least a majority of the votes of the States Members present and voting, will be declared elected. the votes of the States Members present and voting, will be declared elected. Ballot papers, which take into account the prescribed number of seats for each Ballot papers, which take into account the prescribed number of seats for each regional group, are marked A, B, c, nand E. They will now be distrihutp.~. I regional group, are marked A, Br C, nand E. They will now be distrihutp.o. I teauest representatives to use only those ballot papers. As I have said, reauest representatives to use only those ballot papers. As I have said, representatives should place a cross at the left of the names of the candidates for representatives should place a cross at the left of the names of the candidates for whom they wish to vote, but should not vote for more than the maximum number whom they wish to vote, but should not vote for more than the maximum numher indicated on the hallot. Rallot papers cont"lning mote nallles than the maximum indicated on the hallot. Rallot papers conto\ining more nallles than the maximum number for each group will be declared invalid. nunbar for eacb group will be declared invalid. Accordingly, please ensure that ballot papers marked A, for African States, do Accordingly, please ensure that ballot papers marked A, for African States, do not contain votes for more than eight candidateR, ballot papers marked B, for Asian not contain votes for more than eight candidateR, ballot papers marked 8, for Asian States, do not contain votes for more than seven candidates, hallot papers markea States, do not contain votes for more than seven candidates, ballot papers marked C, for Bastern European St4tes, do not contain votes for more than four candidates, e, for Bastern Buropean Stdtes, do not contain votes for more than four candidates, ballot papers marked D, for Latin American States, do not contain votes for more ballot papers marked D, for Latin American States, do not contain votes for more than seven candidates and the ballot papers marked E, for Western European and than Seven candidates and the ballot papers marked E, for western European and other States, do not contain votes for more than eight candidates. other States, do not contain votes for more than eight candidates. At. t.he invitat.ion of t.he Prei,ident., Hr. Buben (Byelorussian Soviet. Socialist. At. the tnvl~atlon of the Preddent., Hr. Buhen (By.lorussian Soviet SociaUst Republic), Nr. Arc. Rojas (CoIOllbia)J Hr. Roj.reholt. (Demaark), Hr. Suazo TOJIMt . Republic), Nr. Arc. Rojas (ColOllbia), Hr. Rojersholt (Demaark), Nr. SaaEo Tome . (Ronduras), Mr. Barbar. (port.ugal), Mr. T"an (Singapore), NI:. Al-Attar (Syrian Arab (Honduras), Mr. Barbar. (portugal), Mr. ~an (Singapore), Mr. Al-Attar (Syrian Arab R!public), Mrs. Mat.ovu Milindva (Uganda) and Miss Semguruka (~nited RepUblic of R!public), Mrs. Matovu Mtlindwa (uganda) and Miss S!!9aruka (~nited R!public of Tanzania), act.ed as tellers. Tanzania), acted as t.ellers. A vote vas taken by secret ballot. A vote was taken by secret ballo~. The PRBSmENT: Tbe result of the voting is as follows: The PRBSmENT: Tbe reault of the voting is as follows: GROUP A GROUP A Nulllbe~ of ballot papers, RuBber of ballot paper., Number of invalid ballots: Number of invalid ballots, Nullber of valid ballots, Nullber of valid ballot., Abstentions: Abstentions: Number of Mellbers voting: Number of Hemers voting, Required majority: Required majority: I Nullber of votes obtained: Nullber of votes obtained: Hr. Ahmed Mahiou (Algeria) ••••••••••••••••••••••• Nr. Ahmed Mahiou (Algeria) ••••••••••••••••••••••• Mr. Boutros Boutros Ghali (Egypt) •••••••••••••••• 118 Mr. Boutros Boutros Gbeli (Egypt) •••••••••••••••• 118 Mt. Abdul G. KOroma (Sierra Leone) ••••••••••••••• 116 Mt. Abdul G. KOro.a (Sierra Leone) ••••••••••••••• 116 Mr. Bola Adesumbo Ajtbola (Nigeria) •••••••••••••• 114 Mr. SOla Adesumbo Ajtbola (Nigeria) •••••••••••••• 114 Mt. Doudou Thiam (Senegal) •••••••••••••••• &...... 107 Mt. Doudou Tbiam (Senegal) •••••••••••••••• &...... 107 Mt. Mobamad Bennouna (Morocco) ••••••••••••••••••• 88 Mr. Mobamad Bennouna (Morocco) ••••••••••••••••••• 88 Mr. Edi1bert Razafindralambo (Madagascar) •••••••• 86 Mr. Edilbert Razafindralambo (Madagascar) •••••••• 86 Mr. Frank X. Njenga (Kenya) •••••••••••••••••••••• 83 Mr. Frank X. Njenga (Kenya) •••••••••••••••••••••• 83 Mt. Khalafalla El Rasheed Mohamed AbIDed (Sudan) •• 82 Mt. Khalafalla El Raaheed Mohamed AbIDed (Sudan) •• 82 Mr. Abdillahi Said Osman (SOmalia) ••••••••••••••• 79 Mr. Abdillahi Said Osman (SOmalia) ••••••••••••••• 79 Mr. Mikuin Le1ie1 Balanda (Zaire) •••••••••••••••• 78 Mr. Mikuin Lel!el Balanda (Zaire) •••••••••••••••• 78 Mt. Hassan B. Jallow (Gambia) .................... Hr. Yadh Ben Adlour (Tunisia) Mr:. Yadh Ben Adlour (Tunisia) Mt. Hassan B. Ja110w (Gambia) o o o o ••••••••• e •••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••• GROUP B GROUP B Nullber of ballot papers, Nullber of ballot papers' Num-r of invalid ballots: Nu8lber of invalid ballots. Numer of valid ballots, Nu.,er of valid ballots. o o Abstentions: Abstentions. Nulllb.r of Hellbers voti!!91 Numer of Members votingl '79 Required .a~ori!l: Required _~ori.!:ll Nu.er of votes obtained I Numer of votes obtained I Mr. Shi Jiuyong (Cbina) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 128 Mr. Sbi Jiuyong (China) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 128 Mr. Motoo O9i80 (Japan) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 119 Mr. Motoo O9i80 (Japan) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 119 Mr. Androae J. Jacovi~. (~pru.) •••••••••••••••••••••••• 116 Mr. AncSroae J. Jacovi~. (C¥pru8) •••••••••••••••••••••••• 116 Mr. P. S. Rao (India) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 106 Mr. P. S. Rao (India) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 106 Mr. Riyadh MahllOu4 saSli M-Qayai (Iraq) •••••••••••••••••• 105 Mr. Riyadh Mahmud sasd At-Q.yai (Iraq) •••••••••••••••••• 105 Mr. Awn S. A1-lhaeawneb (Jordan) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 100 Mr. Awn S. Al-Ihaaawneb (Jordan) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 100 Mr. Rusain M. Al-Baharna (Bahrain) ••••••••••••••0........ 9S Mr. Rusain M. At-Saharna (Bahrain) ••••••••••••••••••••••• 95 Mr. Florentino P. Pelieiano (Philippine.) •••••••••••••••• 90 Mr. Plorentino P•••1iolano (Philippinea) •••••••••••••••• 90 Mr. Syed Sharifuddin 1'1r.848 (Pakistan) •••••••••••••••••• 81 Mr. Syed Sharifuddin Pir.acSa (Pakistan) •••••••••••••••••• 81 Mr. Chaf1e Malek (Lebanon) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 49 Mr. Chafl0 Malek (Lebanon) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 49 Mr. Goudan: Bftekhu: JahrOlli (Islute a.publie of Iran) •• 33 Mr. Goudan: Bftekhar: JahrOll1 (Islo1o Rapubllc of Iran) •• 33 Hu!Ibe~ of ballot f!R!~s, Hu!Ibe~ of ballot f!P!~.' ....~ of in9a114 ballots. ....~ of in9a114 ballot.a RuIIbe~ of valid ballot•• HuIIbe~ of valid ballot., Kaber of Mellbe~s votin'lI Kaber of llellber. votin'lI a.9!I~ed ..jo~lty. a.9!I~ed ..jorlty, HUIIboJ.r of vot.. cbtalnech RUIIbo1.: of vot.s cbtalnech Ur. ~tanl.lav M. Pavlak (Poland) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 145 ~. Stantslaw M. Pavlak (Poland) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 145 Ik. Bernha~d Gra.f~.th (Genan Dnoc::~.tlc Republic) • • • •• • 144 Ik. Bernhard Gra.f~.th (Gel:lllln DMocratlc Republic) • • • •• • 144 Mr. Alexand.~ Ya~ov (Bulgaria) •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 144 Mr. Alex.nd.~ Y.~ov (Bulgaria) •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 144 tu. Yud G. Ba~.egov (uralon of SOviet Socllll:lat a.publie.) 142 IU. Yud G. Ba~.egov (union of SOviet SoclaU-.t a.publies) 142 o o lS6 GROUP D GROUP D Huaber of ballot paper•• Haber of ballot papers. RuBber of invalid ballots. Haber of invalid ballots. NUllar of valid ballots. BUllar of valid ballots. Abstentions. Abstentions. Nwlber of MeEbers voting. Nullber of MeIlbers votin,. Required aajority. Required .ajority. NUllber of votes obtainech Nullber of votes cbtaine4. Mr. Julio Barbos. (Argentina) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 130 Mr. Jul10 Barbo•• (Ar,entina) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 130 Mr. ~.ar Sepulveda GUt~.rr.z (Mexico) •••••••••••••••• 116 Mt. ~8ar Sepulveda Gut~.rr•• (Mexico) •••••••••••••••• 116 Mr. carlos calero Rodci,u•• (Brazil) •••••••••••••••••• 114 Mr. Carl08 cal.ro Rodcigue. (Brasil) •••••••••••••••••• 114 Mr. Luis SOlari TUdela (Peru) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 110 Mr. Luis SOlarl Tudela (Peru) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 110 Mr. Laurel B. Prancis (Jaaalea) .~..................... 108 Mr. Laurel B. Pcancl. (Jaaaica) .~..................... 108 Mt. LeOnardo Dlas GOnsal•• (Vene.uela) •••••••••••••••• 106 Mt. LeOnardo Dia. GOnzale. (Vene.uela) •••••••••••••••• 106 ~. Jor,e B. Illuaca (panaae) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 99 ~. Jorge B. tlluaca (Panaaa) ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 99 Mr. carloa Arguello~. (Nicaragua) ••••••••••••••••• 70 Mt. carlo. Arguello G08es (Nicaragua) ••••••••••••••••• 70 Mr. Juan La:rea BOlguln (Bcuador) ••••••••••••••••••••• 60 Mt. Juan La:rea BOlguin (Bcuador) ••••••••••••••••••••• 60 Mr. carlos Gareia Bauer (GOate..la) ••••••••••••••••••• 46 Mt. carlo8 Garcia Bauer (GUat...la) ••••••••••••••••••• 46 Hr. Alfredo Martin•• IICr.no (Bl salvador) ••••••••••••• 27 Hr. Alfredo Martine. Nor.no (81 salvador) ••••••••••••• 27 o o GROUP B GROUP B Nulllber of ballot papers, Nulllber of ballot pap..s, Nu_er of invalid ballots: Nullber of invalid ballots. RuBber of valid ballots, Nullber of valid ballots. Abstentions, Abstentions, Uullber of Melllber. voting' Nulllber of Melllber. voting' Requirea aajority, Requirea aaiorlty, Nullber of votes obtalnec1: !'Ulllber of votes obtained I Mr. Alan J. Beealey (Canada) •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 123 Mr. Man J. Beealey (Canada) •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 123 (Italy) •••••••••••••••••••••• Mr. Gaetano Aranglo-Ruiz (Italy) •••••••••••••••••••••• Hr. Gaetano Arangio-Ruiz Mr. Paul Reuur (Prance) Hr. Paul Reuter (Prance) •••••••••••••••• e ••••• s ••••••• •••••••••••••••• e ••••• s ••••••• Mr. Christian Toauscbat (Pedflral Republic of GerIlanY). 103 Mr. Christian Toauscbat (Pedttral Republic of Geruny). 103 Mt. Gudmundur Blrlksson (Iceland) •••••••••••••••••••••• 100 Mt. Gudmundur Biriksson (Iceland) •••••••••••••••••••••• 100 Mr. Stephen C. McCaffrey (united States of Allerica) ••• 92 Mr. Stephen C. McCaffrey (unitecJ States of Allerica) ••• 92 Mt. BRmanuel J. Roukouftas (Greece) •••••••••••••••••••• 92 Mt. BRmanuel J. Roukounas (Greece) •••••••••••••••••••• 92 Mr. Franci. Mahon Baye. (Ireland) ••••••••••••••••••••• 90 Mr. Francl. Mahon Baye. (Ireland) ••••••••••••••••••••• 90 Mt. JOB' Manuel Laclata Hufto. (Spain) ••••••••••••••••• 88 Mt. JOB' Manuel Laclata Hufto. (Spain) ••••••••••••••••• 88 Mr. Mehmet Gun&y (Turkey) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 86 Mr. Mehmet Gun&y (Turkey) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 86 Hr. Wille. Rlphagen (Netherlands) Hr. Willea Riphagen (Netherland.) Sir lan Sinclair (United KingdClll) Sir lan Sinclair (United KingdClllll) 155 o o 'l06 \06 •••••••• e •••••••••••• ..................... •••••••• e •••••••••••• ..................... 8.. Havin? obtained the 1'.ireeS _;torI ty, M1'. Mahlou (Als.da), M1'. &Out1'O. Ghali Having Obtained the r!CJ!!lrecJ ..;torlty, Mr. Mahiou (Alseria), Mr. &outro. Ghall (B9Ypt), Mr. KorClla (Sierra Leone', Mr. 'dj-bola (Riser1a2, Mr. '!biaR (Ben",al), (B9Ypt)« Mr. KorOlla (Slerra Leono), Mr. ldlbola (lUs.ri.), tu. '!'biaR (S.n",al), Hr. Bennouna (Morocco), Hr.. Razafindralaabo (Mah'II.ear), Mr;o !fieni" (Kenya), Mr. Bennouna (Morocco), Hr.. Razafindralaabo (Mabga.ear), Mr;o Nieng. (Kenya) « !U.. ab! Jiuyon, (China), Mr. 09iso (Jaean), Mr. J8oovi4•• (cyprus), Mr. Rao Mr.. Shl JluXOll9 (Chlna), Mr. og180 (Japan), Mr. J.covld.. (cypru8), Mr. Rao (In4ia), Mr. Al-Qayel (Iraq), Mr. Al-KhaAwneh IJordan), Mr. M-Babarna (Bahrain), (In4ia), Hr. Al-Qayel (Iraq)' Hr. Al-KhaAwneh (Jord.nh Mr. Ai-Baharna (Bahrain), ru. Pawlak (poland), Mr. Gra.fratb (a-run DollOCratic MPublic), Mr. Tankov NI:. Paw1ak (Poland), Mr. Graefrath (Ger_n DollOCratic MpubUc), Mr. Yankov (Bulgaria), Mr. Bars.,ov (union of SovlGtt SOCialist Mpublics), Mr. Barbo2ila (Bulgaria), Mr. Bar8"ov (unlon of sovi.t SOCiaUst "pubUcs), Mr. Barbofola (Ars.nctna), Mr. ~pUlvec!a Gutiene. (Mexico), Mr. calero RocJrigu.s (Brazil), (ArsenUna), Mr. ~pUlve4a Gutieno. (Mexico), Mr. calero RDcJri,ues (Brazil), Mr. SOlart 'l'U4ele (Peru), !g. Prancis (Jualca), Mr. Dia. Genaelez (Venezuela), Mr. SOlari '!'Ud.la (Peru), !!:t. Pr.neis (Jo.ica), Mr. Di•• Ganza1ez (Venezuela), Mr. Illueca (Panna), Mr. B.eslex (canada), 111'. Aranslo-Ruh (Italy), Mr. Reuter Mr. Illueca (Paftua), Mr. B00810x (canad.)« 111'. Aranqio-Ruh (Italy), Mr. Router (Prance), Mr. '1'OIIuschat (Pederel bpublic of Genaany), Hr. Birikason (Iceland), (Prance), Hr. '1'OIIusch.t (Peeleral Rspubllc of Genaany), Hr. Bidkason (Iceland), Mr. Mccaffrey (United States of ..dea), Iir. ROUkcmnas (Greece), and Hr. BaY.s Mr. Moo-ffrey (United States of ..dea)« Hr. aoukOlJMS (Ck.ece), and Hr. Ray.s (Ireland) were elected members of the International Law co.sisston for a period of (Iroland) were elected member. of the International Law co.si.sion for a period of fiYe years beginning on 1 January 1901. flye years beginning on 1 January 1907. Tbe PRBSIDBR'l'1 on behalf of the General AB_ably, t wish to congratulate The PRBSIDBH'l'1 On behalf of the General Aa..llbly, t wi.h to congratulate the persons who have been elected and say a special wor4 of appreciation to the tbe persons who bave been elected ancJ say a special word of appreciation to the tellers for their assistance in this election. tellers for thoir as.latance in this election. Tbe Assembly ha. cc.pletecJ its consi4Qratlon of sub-it.. (4) of agenda itea 17. The Assembly ha. cc.pleted ita considQratlon of 8ub-lt.. (d) of agenda iteR 17. AGaDA 1ftII 36 (continu!fS) AGBRDA 1ftII 36 (continued) aulftlOl1 or ••UIAI aulftlOl1 or ••UIAI Ca) aaou or TIll URl'1'BD 'NATIONS COUNCIL !'OR lWIl8IA (A/41/24) Ca) aaou or TIll URl'1'BD 'NATIONS COUNCIL I'CR lWIl8IA (A/4]/24) Cb) RBlIOR'1' OP 'ID SRCIAL CCIIIX'1"1'BB OH TBB SIWA'1'IOH WUB MGNU) 'lO TBB IMPLIMBR'l'ATIOR OP 'lBB DBCLMATIOH OR '1'BB GMHTIHG Oil' INDBPBHDBHCB '10 Q)r.oHIAL CDUHmID AMP PBOPLIS (A/41/23 (Put V), (Part 11 an4 Carr.1), A/AC.109/870) Cb) RBllOR'l' OP 'I'D SRCIAL CCIIIX'1"1'BB ON TBB SIWATIOH WUB MGNU) 'lO THB IMK.IIIIIH'l'A'1'IOH OP '1'BB DBCLMATIOH OH '1'BB GMH'l'IHG Oil' INDBPBNDBNCB m Q)r.oHIAL CDURBIIS AND PBOPLIS (A/41/23 (Put V), (Part 11 an4 Con'.l), A/AC.l09/870) CC) . RJm)R'1' or TBB IN'1'IIRRA'.fIODL Q)IU'ERIRCB IOR '1'IIB IMMBDIA'& INDBPBNDBHCB Oil' ."IBU (A/OOMP..138/11 and Add.1) . CC) . RBPOR'I 01' '1'BB IN'1'IIIUtA'.fIODL Q)R!'ERIRCB IOR '1'BB 1'MMBDIA'5 IHDBPBHDBHCB Oil' ."IBU (A/OOMP..138/11 and Add.l) . Cel) RD\)I\T 01' '1'BI SBCRBTARY-eBnRAL (A/41/614) (d) RD\)I\T 01' '1'BI SBCRB'BRY-aB5IRAL (A/41/614) (e) aIOR'! OP 'ID IOtnmI CXIIMIftBB CA/41/761) (e) RBIOR'! OP '.fD IOUtmI 0CIIMI'l'TBB (A/41/761) Cf) DRAP'l RlSOW'l'IOlS (A/41/24 (Put II anel Corr.1), chapter I) (f) 1ItAP'l RlSOW'l'IOlI1 (A/41/24 (Put II and CGrr.1), chapter I) lUo KABARDA (Rwanda) (lIIterpretation frOll Prench) I Before I begin ray 1Il'" KABMDA (Rwanda) ClIIterpretatian frOll Prench) I Before I begin ray at:ate_nt on Kall1bla, Hr. Pre.i&tnt, I should like to turn ray thoughts to the late atate_nt Oft waaibla, Hr. Pre.i&tnt, I lIhauld like to turn ray thoughts to the late I'r_ident of your counuy, Bia Bxce11enc:y SUlcXa Machel, who departed this 11fe Pr.ielent of your country, Bi. Bxcellenc:y SUlcXa Machel, who departed this life r_ntly. Be devoted hi_elf to hill counuy anel to the cause of souti',ern Africa. r_nUy. Be devoted hi_elf to hi.. country anel to the eause of sauti',ern Africa. llay be rest in peace. lily be rest in peace. Brarlt.r thi. week tt,:a General Al8subly coIIP1eted its debate on one of the mat Barller this week tta General Msubly colIPleted ita debate on one of the mst ·dra.tic proble. facing the internatf,onal COBUftity. Tbe problea of j!P!rtbeid has 'elre.tic probl•• facing the lnternatf,onal co-.nity. Tbe problea of apartheid has be.. described by the United Ration. u a cd. against IUII_nity. In our c!ebate on be.. described by the United Rations u a cd. against hwunity. In our debate on the subject we deplored the cmap1iclty - the open coapliclty - of those who try to the subject we deplored the cmapliclty - the open COIIpliclty - of those who try to lIl'olC1ftg the days of aeartheid by every possible _ans. Their designs are real. lIl'olC1ftg the days of apartheid by every possible _ana. Their designs are real. '1'hey are, however, Mort-sighted as are thOlle who are opposing the independence of '1'hey ere, however, Mort-sighted as al:e thOlle who are opposing the independence of lIIaalbi•• !fallibia. Tbe ayatea of aearth.iel anel the unlawful occupation of Hallibia proceed fr01l The syatea of -earth.id and the unlawful occupation of Haaibill proceed fr01l the __ evila the r4gi_ of the white lIinority in south Africa. the __ evlla the r4gi_ of the wh1te 111nodty 1n south Africa. (Mr. Kabanda, Rwands) (Hr. bbancJa, Rwanda) The ,robl•• of ltuibla could have b.... &olved uny yeu. ago, Ht the The probl•• of HaIIibla could have b.... solved uny years ago, aNt the .ituaticm ba be. colIIPlioatetl by _chination. aesignd to di.tort the balc situation ha been CIlO~lioatea by ..cblnationa .signe4 to distort the basic 18sue.. ..cb has bHft ..i4 about tIJ '!errito&'~ - I would even say that everything 188ue.. ..cb ha. bHft ..id about th '!erdtoi~ - I would even aay that everything bas been said - but little ba been done to respond appropriately to the leg1tl..a. ha. bun aaid - but little ha been done to r••pond appropriately to the leglt1aate a.puations of the paople of .sibie. 'l'Oday "e aust speak out and demand the aspirations of the PlOple of ".ibia. 'l'Oday we aut speak out and dellan4 the independGnce of Nallibla, at the risk of repeating ourselv•• or ropeating what in4ependGnce l1)f Nallibia, at the risk of repeating our..lv•• or ropeating what others before u. bave .ai4. 1ftt auat speak cut GV.~ I10re vigorously until wc rHcb others before u. have .aid. • _t apeak cut GV.~ IIOr. vlg()rouely until wc reach the .elution that the lnter.utional oo_~ity baa been cte_nding 9ince 1966, or the solution that the lnter.utional oo8Uldty hea been de_neSing 91nce 1966, or perhaps even earlier. P4trbaps even earlier. Tbe fourteenth special ....ion of the General AII.ellbly, wbich ended on The fourteenth special _.alon of the General Aasellbly, "hich ended on 19 8eptftllber of thi. yeu, unfo~tunately did not Bake any notable progress toward. 19 sept@tllber of this yeu, unfortunately did not ake any notable progre.8 toward. the colIIPlete liberation of Rall1bia. In the cours. of the second special ses8ion of the collplete liberation of Rall1bie. In the oour.. of the second special ses8ion of the a.ual AaHllbly, on the question of Haaibia, the debate cleMly exposec1 the Gaual AsHlllbly, on the question of NaMibia, the debate clenly expoae4 profound 41vi.ions .-ong U8 rather than _at sbould unite U8. We are divic1e4 on profound alviaions amng U8 r.ther than .....t shou14 unite U8. We are dlvlde4 on the quest.ion of fr..c1cB, the very freedoe which resulted in the creation of this the quest.ien of fr_daB, the very freedoe which resulted in the oreation of thia OI:ganbation. Organisation. Pr.ec1os, as we are all aware, i. an e••ential attribute of bWllln nature, a. Pr~ec1o., as we are all aware, ia an essential attribute of hUJlllft nature, .s indeed of society at large. It i. the co.-on hedtage of mankind, and that indeed of sooiety at large. It is the eo~n heritage of mankind, and that heritage is one and indivisible. No people have the rigbt to abdicate their heritage i. one and indivisible. No people have the right to abdioate their freecbl. Ro country, no nation .y deny oth•• their uare of thi. beritage. freec1all. Ro country, no nation .y deny otho:s their ehare of this heritage. we _at denounce the attitucJe of th08e "bo, enjoying tbeir own freedoe, are we .at denounce the attlbide of th08e who, enjoying their own freedoa, are oppouc1 to the fr••doIl of other.. so. countrie., perbaps even the majority of the oppond to the fr••doII of others. so. countd.es, perhaps even the II8Ijodty of the _lIberalp of tbe united Rationa, are proud that at one point or another in theu .lIberalp of the united Rationa, are proud that at one point or another in their biatory they took up ar_ in order to co-'t an unjust order. Tbose very nationll hiatory they took up er. in order to co-..t an unjust order. Those very nationa are proud that they had to "age their llberation struggles. We JlUst cond_. are proud that they had to wage their liberation struggles. We JlUst conae. (Ilk. IabaneJa, lIIfanda» _ ."ltulIe 01 ....... dRy otber. the cl",t to libel'ate tbeIIHl".s ana, what la ".tt tQ to aM,,_t their Uberatlan steun1.... to distort its nature.· ., lnll..!dtaIl; IllO.-.le. ....W .'or "-1e frHdcll if tbay do not ba.e the coura,- lnllvldtall; IllO ,...se.....14 .'or tU'c rr'" if tbay do not ba.e the coura,- to .. It 1ft od. to eUOw _le' oun peopl. 01: otMe paoplu to w1n and en'oy to .. It In od. to eUOw _ic' 0Uft peop18 or other ,.apl. to w!n and enjoy _lc rc..... ....le re..... (Hr. Kabanda, !lwanda) Those are mr profound beliefs today, and I pay a tribute to the just struggle Those are my profound beliefs today, and I pay a tribute to the just struggle and courage of the Namibian people fighting under the leadership of the South West and courage of the Namibian PeOple fighting under the leadership of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO). For over 25 years the vigilance of the Africa People's Organization (SWAPO). For over 25 years the vigilance of the leaders of SWAPO has enabled it· to thwArt atteapts designed to bring about its leaders of SWAPO has enabled it to thwArt atteapts designed to bring about its internal disintegration. TOday attempts are being made to distort the nature of internal disintegration. TOday attempts are being made to distort the nature of that struggle, which is nothing but a struggle for freedom. that struggle, which is nothing but a struggle for freedom. We have heard endless statements, endless speeches made her~ and through the We have heard endless statements, endless speeches made hee~ and through the media portray,ing SWAPO as a group of terrorists inspired by an alien ideology. To media portraytng SWAPO as a group of terrorists inspired by an alien ideology. To assert one's true nature, one hardly needa to espouse alien ideologies or systems assert one's true nature, one hardly needa to espouse alien ideologies or systems that have not been freely chosen. If we were to ask the peoples who freed that have not been freely chosen. If we were to ask the peoples who freed themselves before our present era' of ideologies and systems what they had fought themselves before our present era" of ideologies and systems what they had fought for, their clear and simple reply would certainly be that they had fought for for, their clear and simple reply would certainly be that they had fought for freedom, the very freedom of which they are proud today. on the basis of what freedom, the very freedom of which they are proud today. on the basis of what political or moral principle, therefore, can anyone today deny the right of others political or moral principle, therefore, can anyone today deny the right of others to fight for their freedom? What values should they be asked to defend? Whence to fight for their freedom? What values should they be asked to defend? Whence this right to substitute one's own desires for the desires of the peoples this right to substitute one's own desires for the desires of the peoples concerned? This is a simple question addressed to those who set themselves up as concerned? This is a siaple question addressed to those who set themselves up as models of freedom but who do everything to stifle the freedom of others. Bistory models of freedom but who do everything to stifle the freedom of others. History will be the judge of such policies, and never will we exonerate those who will have will be the judge of such policies, and never will we exonerate those who will have been condemned in the minds of the people as the enemies of freedom in Namibia, in been condemned in the minds of the people as the enemies of freedom in Namibia, in South Africa or elsewhere in the world, for, after all, freedom is one and South Africa or elsewhere in the world, for, after all, freedom is one and indivisible. indivisible. On 29 September 1978 the Security COuncil, after long negotiations, On 29 September 1978 the Security COuncil, after long negotiations, unanimously adopted resolution 435 (1978) which, together with General Assembly unanimously adopted resolution 435 (1978) Which, together with General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) and Security COuncil resolution 242 (1967), has been among resolution 1514 (XV) and Security council resolution 242 (1967), has been among those referred to most frequently in this Ball. This resolution contains what we those referred to most frequently in this Hall. This resolution contains what we (Mr. bbanda, Qwanda) (Hr. bbanda, Qwanda) bYve always called the united Nations plan for the settlement of the problem of ~ve alwaya called the united Nations plan for the settlement of the problem of HaIIlbia. I should Uke to recall the coratents of that resolution. It rec:OIIIIends, HaIIlbia. I should Uke to recall the contents of that resolution. It rec:OIIIIendsl a ceaae-fire between SWAPO and the S~mth African ~r~~ the establishment of a a cS.M-flre between SWAPO and the Sc;mth African ...rllY~ the establishment of a d..illtari.e" zone, the dQpl~nt of an intezlm United Nations force, the d..llltari.ed 8One, the dQpl~nt of an intezlm United Nations force, the ••tablis~nt of • United Nati~s Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG), and free and ••t.blis~nt of a United Nati~s Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG), and free and fair elections under united [ ,tions supervision. fail' elections under united [ ,tions superviBion. The western •••bers of the Security COUncil offered to form what has been !be weatern •••bers of the Security COUncil offered to fora what has been known .s the contact group. This initiative was welCCllled aB beiag possibly useful, known as the contact group. This initiative was welcOlled as beiag possibly useful, especially since it was felt that those countries held the key to the problem. especially since it was felt that those countries held the key to the problem. "'ver the plan suffered setbacks frOtl the very outset. The first setback was Eowever the plan suffered setbacks £1'08 the very outset. The first setback was that a _etaber of the contact group tried to gain acceptance for the idea of that a .ember of the contact group tried to gain acceptance for the idea of revi8ing the plan to allow South Africa to prepare a draft constitution for revising the plan to allow South Africa to prepare a draft constitution for Naaibla. Neither SWAPO nor the international cCllJllunity could possibly endorse such Naaibla. Neither SWAPO nor the international cClllllunity could possibly endorse such a proposal which was clearly atBed at gaining acceptan@e of and conferring a proposal which was clearly at-ea at gaining acceptan@e of and conferring legitiaaey on a right that had been usurped and declared illegal by the General legitiaaey on a right that had been usurped and declared illegal by the General Aa.llbly in resolution 2:145 (XXI). Aa..llbly in resolution U45 (XXI). I shall refrain frea commenting on all the subsequent machinations designed to I shall refrain fro. commenting on all the subsequent machinations designed to enable ~th Africa to gain time and the transnational corporations operating enable ~th Africa to gain time and the transnational corporations operating illegally in Naaibia to plunder the maxi.um aaount of resources, although I should illegally in Neaibi. to plunder the maximum aaount of resources, although I should like to say a few words about the latest invention - the idea of linkage which was like to say a few words about the latest invention - the idea of linkage which was concocted out of thin air and holds an entire people hostage. Tbe Namibian people concocted out of thin air and holds an entire people hostage. '!'he Namibian people are prisoners of these machinations, which are totally unrelated to the problem and are prisoners of these machinations, which are totally unrelated to the problem and designed only to delay a solution of the problem of Namibia and to bring death and designed only to delay a solution of the problem of Namibia and to bring death and destruction to southern Africa. destruction to southern Africa. we do not wish to be guilty of remaining silent about these manoeuvres. we do not wish to be guilty of remaining silent about these manoeuvres. SKAPO's struggle is not an ideological struggle but a struggle for freedom. ~e SMAPO's .truggle is not an ideological struggle but a struggle for freedom. ~e (Mr. Kabanda, Rwanda) United Nations has the duty, ur.aer the Charter and in accordance with resolution United Nations ha. the duty, ur.4er the Charter and in accordance with resolution 2145 (XXI), to lead the Nallibian people to independence. 2145 (XXI), to lead the Nallibian people to independence. Bere I should like to explain the position of mr delegation concerning an idea Here I should like to explain the position of mr delegationc:oncerning an idea which is gaining acceptance in cur organization. In doing so we think that our which is gaining acceptance in cur organization. In doing so we think that our views are entirely in conformity with the very nature of the problem of Namibia, views are entirely in conforaity with the very nature of the problem of Namibia, with General Assembly resolution 2145 (XXI) and security resolution 435 (1978) and with General Assembly resolution 2145 (XXI) and security resolution 435 (1978) and indeed with the original position of the Organization of African unity. At indeed with the original position of the Organization of African unity. At present, ~eference is made to two parties to the conflict in Namibia - and this present, ~eference is made to two parties to the conflict in Namibia - and this l'eferenCG C!ln even be found in one of the resolutions - namely that on the one hand reference C!ln even be found in one of the resolutions - namely that on the one hand there is south Africa and on the other the Namibian people, represented by SWAPO. there is South Africa and on the other the Namibian people, represented by SWAPO. But where is the united Nations in all this? Is an attempt being made to relieve But where Is the united Nations in all this? Is an attempt being made to relieve it of its responsibility? - despite the fact that the United Nations is very much it of its responsibility? - despite the fact that the United Nations is very much involved in view of the obligation lt assumed by adopting, in 1966, resolution involved in view of the obligation it assumed by adopting, in 1966, resolution 2145 (XXI). Rvanda does not believe there are only two parties to the conflict. 2145 (XXI). Rwanda does not believe there are only two parties to the conflict. There are three parties. first, the Namibian r ~ple, under SWAPO, its sole There are three parties. first, the Namibian ~ ~ple, under SWAPO, its sole legitimate representative, as recognized by the General Assembly in 1976, secondly, legitimate representative, as recognized by the General Assembly in 1976. secondly, south Africa, the occupying Power, which bas an obligation to liberate the SOUth Africa, the occupying Power, which bas an obligation to liberate the ~enitory without any conditions, and, thirdly, the united Nations, which assumed ~erritory without any conditions, and, thirdly, the united Nations, which assumed the historic responsibility of guiding South West Africa to independence. FOr the historic responsibility of guiding South West Africa to independence. FOr Rwanda those three are the real parties to the Namibian question. Rwanda those three are the real parties to the Namibian question. I should like to quote what was stated by the Kenyan Minister for FOreign I should like to quote what was stated by the Kenyan Minister for Poreign Affairs at the time, Mr. Robert OUko, speaking on behalf of the Organization of Affairs at the time, Mr. Robert OUko, speaking on behalf of the organization of African unity on 4 September 1981 at the eighth emergency special sesslon of the African unity on 4 September 1981 at the eighth emergency special session of the General Assembly, concerning Namibia. General Assembly, concerning Namibia, "In ou:vlw,ther. are onlythr.. parti•• to the PEobl_. one 1. the -In our vi., there are only t~r.. parti•• to the PEobl_. OM 1. the party representing appre••lon, reci.. and 111419.1 occupation, that t., SOUtb. party representing cppre••lon,racia and 111ega1 oceupatiGft, that f.., SOUth. Africa, another ill the party representing the oppr••• people of Rambla, Afd.ca, another ill the party representing the oppr••uel people of Rambla, t_t le, SWAPO, anc1 thethl1'4 party is the united lfatlona. Of cour••, we knew that le, SWAPO, and thethlr4 party is the united lfationa. Of cour••, we knew that SOUtb Africa ha ..ny puppets' in Namibia. we do not recognize theee that SOUth Africa ha _ny puppets' in Namibia. we do not recognize tbeee puppets." (A!BS-SI!y.3, P. 16) puppets. - (A!BS-S/PV'.3, P. 16) (Hr. banda, Rwanc\1a) !bose are the very words of the representative of the Organization of African Thoae are the very word. of the repre.entative of the Organization of African unity at the first special nssion of the General AIIHably devoted to Neibia. unity at the first special Hssion of the General AIIHllbly devoted to Namibia. RwBnda can certainly endor.e those words. RwBnda can certainly endorse those words. I should like now to state the position of ~ delegation on the question of I should like now to state the position of ., delegation on the question of present and future foreign invest1lents in Rdlibia. '!'be unitea Nations COuncil for pre.ent and future foreign investments in Naaibia. Tbe united Hations Council for Na.ibia, to which we wish to pay a tribute for its action, adopted Decree Ho. 1 Ha.ibie, to which we wiah to pay a tribute for its action, ac10pted Decree Ho. 1 under which the aineral and natural resources of Namibia belong to the Naaibian under which the .ineral and natural resources of Haalbia belong to the Namibian people and cannot be appropriated in any way either by South Africa or by the peeple and cannot be appropriated in any way either by South Africa or by the transnational corporations operating in the ~rritory. In the first place, we transnational corporations operating in the !erritory. In the first place, we deeply regret and IJt:l'ongly cond_n the plundering of those resources by certain deeply regret and IJt:tongly cond_n the plundering of those resources by certain countries and companies, regardless of how that is done. Secondly, ever since the countries and companies, regardless of how that is done. Secondly, ever since the United Nations decided to take over responsibility for the fate of the Namibian United Nations deeidecl to take over responsibility for the fate of the Namibian people until independence, ever since ~.t gave the united Nations COUncil for people until independence, ever since ~.t gave the united Nations COUncil for Naalbia authority to aaminister the Territory and ever since the Security council Hulbia authority to administer the Territory and ever since the Security Council and the International COurt of JUstice, following the action taken by the General and the International court of JUstice, following the action taken by the General Assembly, declared the occupation of Namibia by South Africa to be illegal, it has AsseJlbly, declared the occupation of Nuibia by South Africa to be illegal, it has been clear that the occupying authorities cannot perfo~ any legal acts in that been clear that the occupying authorities cannot perfo~ any legal acts in that Territory or any acts which concern that Territory. ~rritory or any acts which concern that Territory. Mr delegation believes that the countries and foreign companies that have Hr delegation believes that the countries and foreign companies that have invest.ents or propose to aske investments in Namibia should register those invest.ents or propose to .ake investments in Namibia should register those investments with the only legal authority for the Territory, that is, the United invest8ents with the only legal authority for the Territory, that is, the united Nations COuncil for Namibia, which will issue operating permits. without that Nations Council for Namibia, which will issue operating Permits. Without that legal formality, these international corporations and countries may be exposed, legal formality, these international corporations and countries may be exposed, after independence, to judicial reprisals without appaal. After that registration after independence, to judicial reprisals without appaal. After that registration foraUty, the COIItpanies or corporations that have received authorization, should forality, the ~nies or corporations that have received authorization, should begin or continue their operations without undue concern, provided they act begin or continue their operations without undue concern, provided they act strictly in accordance with Decre. HO. 1 and pay royalties to the United Nations strictly in accordance with Decre. HO. 1 and pay royalties to the United Nations Council for Namibia. A caaplete record of the operations of those transnational Council for Namibia. A caaplete record of the operations of those transnational corporations should be kept. '!bose are the views of 1I'J aelegation on the question corporations should be kept. '!boee are the views of 1I'J clelegation on the question of invest..nts in Namibia. of invest..nts in Namibia. With respect to the Territory, 80lIl8 ccuntries Ay that they must keep neutral With respect to the Territory, 8C8l8 countries Ay that they must keep neutral in order to play the role of arbiter. One cannot be a neutral when faced with a in order to play the role of arbiter. One cannot be a neutral when faced with a pUblicly identified criBdnal and his victla without being exposed to ~ccusations of pUblicly identified crisdnal and his victt. without being exposed to ~ccusations of complicity with the wrongdoer. Neutrality in this situation, which has three complicity with the wrongdoer. Neutrality in this situation, which has three aspects, where South Africa is the principal party accused, can only be explained aspects, where South Africa is the principal party accused, can only be explained by IIOtivations other than a sense of justice and equity. We IlUst condemn apartheid by IIOtivations other than a sense of justice and equity. We IlUst condemn apartheid as a cri_ against llankind and we must do what we can to eliminate it. In the face as a cri_ against II2lnkind and we must do what we can to eliminate it. In the face of the illegal occupation of Namibia, which has been publicly declared as such, of the illegal occupation of NaIlibia, which has been publicly declared as such, there can be no ea-proaise. SOuth Africa must unconditionally remove its there can be no ea-proaise. South Africa must unconditionally remove its administration and its ar.,. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity administration and its ar~. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country and for the principle of the non-UBe of force in international of the country and for the principle of the non-use of force in international relations are not principles which can be negotiated or to which any exceptions can relations are not principles which can be negotiated or to which any exceptions can be lllade. be made. The year 1987 will be a decisive year for the Security COuncil. Starting on The year 1987 will be a decisive year for the Security COuncil. Starting on 1 January 1987, the Council's membership will basically be the same as it was in 1 January 1987, the Council's membership will basically be the same as it was in 1978, when resolution 435 (1978) regarding the settlement of the problem of Namibia 1978, when resolution 435 (1978) regarding the settle.ant of the problem of Namibia was adopted. That is when we witnessed the spontaneous establishJllent of the vas adopted. That is when we witnessed the spontaneous establishJllent of the Western contact group. Is there any hope that we shall now see in the COuncil that Western contact group. Is there any hope that we shall now see in the COuncil that good will and unanimity for which we have always longed in connection with problems good will and unanimity for which we have always longed in connection with problems threatening peace and security in various areas of the world and, in particular, in threatening peace and security in various areas of the world and, in particular, in southern Africa, or will we once again regret the divisions which exist and which southern Africa, or will we once again regret the divisions which exist and which have undermined the moral authority of the COuncil? Those are the questions in the have undermined the moral authority of the COuncil? Those are the questions in the mind of my delegation today. mind of my delegation today. CIk. Kabanda, Rlfandla) SWAPO ha. repeatedly oid that it la wUling to s19ft with the Q)varnMnt of SWAPO ha. repeatedly said that it ia wllUrtg to .19ft with tho Q)varn_nt of SOuth Africa a ceasefire agr....nt pcovlde4 that Go¥ernaent agre.. to accept SOuth Md.ea a ceasefire agr....nt pr:ovicSed that GCWel'lUIent agree. to accept secud,ty council r.solution 435 (1918) without trying to alter it in any way or to ut. any Cl_MS. PurtherllOre, the Secretary-G!fneEal, in his report on the work of seeurtty council resolution 435 (1978) without trying to alter it in any way or to ut. any dRands. PurtherllOre, the secretary-Ganeral, In his report on the work of the Organisation and with r••pect to the lapl••ntatiOft of that ra801uticm, baa the Organisation and with r:,spect to tho ll1P1e.ntatlon of that r:ellOluticm, haa sa14 that the situation is ripe for .elution. \'be ataUs have been worked out and said that the aituation la ripe tor solution. !be details have been worked out and they need only to be iIlP1e_nted. they need only to be illPleMnted. PurtberllOre, a nWlber of Goverllll.nts have ..i4 that they are prepared to uke JUrtherMOre, a nuaber of Goger~ent. bave said that they are prepared to aske ailitar,v contingents available to the United Rations for participation in the _11itar" contingents available to the United Rations for par~lcipatlon in the ..lntenance of aecurity and order after the departure of south African troops and _int_.nee of security ancJ order after the departure of SOUth African troops and during the ~lectlon.. All tilt. should ut. it poaaible to bring abOut the speedY during the ~lectiona. All tbb should ut. it pea_ible to bring about the speedy illpl..ntation of the united Nations plan for Naaibia. illplaaentation of the united Nattons plan for HaIIibia. we consider it to be the plain truth that any people deterained to liberate we consider it to be the plain truth that any people deter.ioed to liberate it..lf will find, whenever it thinks it IIUS~ act, the Mans and courage to regain it"lf will find, whenever it thinks it Ruet act, the ..ans and courage to regain its free4011. one cannot fight nature and enjoy lasting success. If we are ita free4OD. ane cannot fight nature and enj~ l.sting success. If we are involved in such an entitrpris., we Bust be pcepared to suffer setbacks, for nature involved in such an ent(irpris., we .uat be prepared to Buffer setbacks, for nature .,ill turn agGinst thou that cc.bat it and the weapons used by those who oppose vill turn agGinat thoae that coabat it ana the weapons used by those who oppose freedca. Lot us view the struggle in southern Africa in this context. Let us act in Lot us view the etruggle in southern Africa in thia context. Let us act in such a way that a unanillOus deteraination to render justice to the Nallibian pt:ople a..Ch a way that a unaniMOUtt deteraination to render juatice to the Namlbian ~:ople will e88Ege fra. this debate. will ...rge fra. this debate. Ni:. TANIGUC@! (Japan): As Secretary-General Javi.r "re. de CU'llar Ni:. TANIGDC!! (Japan): As Secretary-General Javi.r .'re. cle Cu'll.r recently affirmed, recently affirmed, -The most urgelftt remaining pl'obl.. of decolonlzation ls certainly that of WThe most urge~t remaining pr:obl.. of decolonlsation ls certainly that of Namibiaw• (1./41/1, p. 11) Namibia-. (1./41/1, p. 11) It is a matter of profound concern to the international comMunity that the people It is a matter of profound concern to the international cCNaunity that the people of Namibia are still being denied their right to aelf-determination, two decGdes of Namibia are still being denied their right to aelf-deteraination, two dec&des after the General AsseJlbly, by ita resolution 2145 (XXI), terminated South Africa's after the General AsseJlbly, by ita resolution 2145 (XXI), terainated South Africa's Mandate over the Territory. Mandate over the Territory. In the years since then, the international ca-aunity haa continued without In the years since then, the international c~un!ty has continued without respite its efforts to gain Buibia's independence. The Security Council and respite its efforts to gain Nuibia's independence. The Security Council and General Assembly have adopted a nUlllber of rellOlutionson the ens.lItion of B&IIibi~, General Assembly have adopted a nUllber of rellOlutions on the quelltieR of N..lbi~, the front-line States, the Secretary-General and other parties have made aeriou8 the front-line States, the Secretary-General and other parties have made .eriou8 efforts to resolve the issue, and ..ny countries, inclUding 11'/ own, have been efforts to resolve the i88ue, and ..ny countries, inclUding 11'/ own, have been pressuring SOuth Africa in various ways. But SOuth Africa, in defiance of pressuring SOuth Africa in various way.. But SOuth Africa, in defiance of international opinion, continues its illegal occupation of Namibia. international opinion, continues its illegal occupation of Namibia. Japan's position on this iSBue Is firm and unaabiguoua: along with the Japan's position on this i••ue i. fir. and unaabiguous: along with the overwhelming majority of MeMber States, it insists that Namibia's independence must overwhelming majority of MeMber States, it insiats that Namibia's independence .uat be achieved in accordance with the wishes of its inhabitants, aa expressed through be achieVed in accordance with the wishes of its inhabitants, as expressed through a free gleetion to be held under the supervision of the United Nations. It a free gleetion to be held under the supervision of the United Nations. It steadfastly supports Security COuncil resolution 435 (1978), which .abedies the steadfastly supports Security COuncil resolution 435 (1978), which .abedies the only universally accepted framework for a peaceful transition to independence. only universally accepted framework for It peaceful transition to independence. Both the Government of SOuth Africa and the SOuth W.at Africa People'. organisation Both the Government of SOuth Africa and the SOuth W.st Africa People'. Organisation have indicated their acceptance of the aattleaent plan. have indicated their acceptance of the settleMent plan. But while professing its willingness to co-operate with the international But while professing its willingness to co-operate with the international community, South Africa has in fact been working to block the impleuntation of community, south Africa hae in fact been working to block the impleMntatlon of resolution 435 (1978). Regrettably, Pretoria's actiona speak louder than its words resolution 435 (1978). Regrettably, Pretoria'. actions speak louder than ita words Its introduction of the so-called linkage issue is a caa. in point. On Its introduction of the so-called linkage iS8ue is a ca.e in point. On (Mr. Taniguchi, Japan) (Mr. Taniguchi, Japan) 3 March of this year South Africa proposed that 1 August 1986 be set as the date 3 March of this year South Africa proposed that 1 August 1986 be set as the date for the commencement of the implementation of the settlement plan. Although this for the commencement of the implementation of the settlement plan. Although this proposal appears to be a positive step forward, it is not, since South Afri~a still proposal appears to be a positive step forward, it is not, since South Afri~a still insists on the pre-co~ition that insists on the pre-co~itlon that Wa firm and satisfactory agreement ••• be reached before that date on the -a firm and satisfactory agreement ••• be reached before that date on the withdrawal of [the] Cuban forces (from Angola]-. (S/11892, p. 3) withdrawal of [the] Cuban forces [from Angola]-. (S/11892, p. 3) Japan maintains that efforts to resolve the Namibian question must not be Japan maintains that efforts to resolve the Namibian question must not be obstructed by extraneous issues., obstructed by extraneous issues" It will also be recalled that in June 1985 South Africa sat up what it calls It will also be recalled that in June 1985 South Africa set up what it calls an interim government in Namibia, in violation of the explicit provisions of an interim government in Namibia, in violation of the explicit provisions of Security Council resolution 435 (1918). Japan regards this so-called interim Security Council resolution 435 (1978). Japan regards this so-called interim government as null and void. Its establishment is nothing but a ploy to circumvent government as null and void. Its establishment is nothing but a ploy to circumvent the United Nations plan and further delay a peaceful settlement. Moreover, South the United Nations plan and further delay a peaceful settlement. Moreover, South Africa's armed attacks against neighbouring countries surely destabilize the Africa's armed attacks against neighbouring countries surely destabilize the situation throughout the region and make the possibility of settling the Namibian situation throughout the region and make the possibility of settling the Namibian auestion even more remote. We particularly deplore the attack against Zambia, auestion even more remote. We particularly deplore the attack against Zambia, Z~babwe and Botswana on 19 May this year, as well as the repeated armed incursions Zimbabwe and Botswana on 19 May this year, as well as the repeated armed incursions into Ango1an territory. into Angolan territory. Japan has taken vigorous measures to induce South Africa to end its illegal Japan has taken vigorous measures to induce South Africa to end its illegal occupation of Namibia and abandon its racist policy of apartheid. Japan maintains occupation of Namibia and abandon its racist policy of apartheid. Japan maintains no diplomatic relations with South Africa, limiting relations to the consular no diplomatic relations with South Africa, limiting relations to the consular level. In demonstrating its disapproval of South Africa's illegal occupation of level. In demonstrating its disapproval of South Africa's illegal occupation of Namibia, Japan refrains from any action that would in effect acknowledge the Namibia, Japan refrains from any action that would in effect acknowledge the present status of Namibia. For example, the Government of Japan dOPs not extend present status of Namibia. POr example, the Government of Japan dOPs not extend .co-operation such as grants, loans or technical assistance of any kind to South .co-operation such as grants, loans or technical assistance of any kind to South Africans in Namibia. The Government of Japan prohibits direct investment in south Africans in Namibia. The Government of Japan prohibits direct investment in South Africa and Namibia by Japanese nationals or corporations under its jurisdiction. Africa and Namibia by Japanese nationals or corporations under its jurisdiction. (Hr. Taniguchi, Japan) (Nr. Taniguchi, Japan) It instituted that policy 20 years ago, long before this becue a _jor is.ue in It instituted that policy 20 years ago, long beforo this beCDe a ...:Jor is.uo in this Organization or in other major indu.t~ialized countries. In accordance with this Organization or in other aajor indust~iali.edcountries. In accordance with Decree Ro. 1 for tt,le Protection of the Natural Resource. of Ruibia, which was Decree 'Ro. 1 for tt,le Protection of the Natural Resources of Namibia, which was enacted by the Unit,td Nations Council for Buibia in 1974, no Japanese national or enacted by the unit,td Hations Council for Buibia in 1974, no Japanese national or corporation maintains .ining concession. in Namibia. Japan strictly li.ita sports, corporation lIaintains lIining concession. in Namibia. Japan strictly li.ita sports, cultural and educati()nal exchang•• with South Africa. ~reo,,'er, Japan prohibits cultural and educatic)nal oxchang•• with South Africa. Moreo1l'er, Japan prohibits trade in arms and all co-operation in the nuclear and military fields with south trade in arms and all co-operation in the nuclear and military fields with south Africa. Apartheid en1!orceaent agencies, such as the armed forces and police, are Africa. Apartheid onforceaent agencie., such as the armed forces and police, are not permitted to purchase computers in Japan. Japanese nationals are instructed to not permitted to purchase computers in Japan. Japanese nationals are instructed to refrain from importing Kruggerand. and other South African gold coin8. refrain from iIIlporting Kruggerands and other South African gold coins. In view of Pretoria'. intransigence and the deteriorating situation in south In view of Pretoria's intransigence and the deteriorating situation in south Africa, on 19 September Japan announced additional measures. As a result, first, Africa, on 19 September Japan announced additional measures. As a result, first, Japan prohibits the impo~t of iron and steel from South Africa, secondly, it aoes Japan prohibits the impo~t of lron and Bteel from South Africa, secondly, it does not issue tourist visas to South African nationals and discourages its citizens not issue tourist visas to South African nationals and discourages its citizens from making tourist trips to SOuth Africa, thirdly, it confirms the suspension of from making tourist trips to SOuth Africa, thirdly, it confirms the suspension of all air links with South Africa, and, fourthly, it prohibits Japanese Government all air links with South Africa, and, fourthly, it prohibits Japanese Government officials from using international flights of South African Airways. officials from using international flights of South African Airways. The people who are most seriously affected by South Africa's illegal The people who are most seriously affected by South Africa's illegal occupation of the Territory are, of course, the Namibians: those who are suffering occupation of the Territory are, of course, the Namibians: those who are SUffering diroctly under the yoke of their oppressor as well as those who have been forced cUroctly under the yoke of their oppressor as well as those who have been forced out of their native land as refugees. The neighbouring countries that are out of their native land as refugees. The neighbouring countries that are accepting these refugees are also experiencing serious difficulties. accepting these refugees are also experiencing serious difficulties. Japan has long been extending assistance to the Namibian people through its Japan has long been extending assistance to the Namibian people through its contributions to the humanitarian and educational funas and programmes administered contributions to the humanitarian and educational funas and programmes administered by the united Nations, including the united Nations Institute for Namibia. Japan by the United Rations, including the United Nations Institute for Namibia. Japan is determined to extend such assistance as long as the need continues. Wbe~ th8 is determined to extend such assistance as long as the need continues. Whe~ th9 united Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) comes into being, Japan will united Rations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) comes into being, Japan will (Mr. "anigw:3hi, Japan) (Hr. TanigiIChi, Japan) provide assistance in the for_ of financial contributions and per80nnel. And once provide assistance in the forM of financial contribution. and pecaonnel. And once the indepen4ence of Naalbia i. achie"ed Japan look. forward to extending bilateral the independence of Nuibia ia acbieved Japan loots forward to extonding bilateral econoaic and technical co-operation for its peopl.'. nation-building efforts. econOllic and technical co-operation for its peopl.'s nation-building efforts. At the sue till• ., Jor",n belie"e. that the plight of the States neighbouring At the s_ U ..." Jor.an beU,eve. that the plight of the Stat•• neighbouring SOuth Africa, which are constantly threatened by Military incur.ions ana econc:.ic SOuth Africa, whicb are constantly threatened by Military incur.ions and eco~ic blaclalall frOll Pretoria, auet not be forgotten. Recognising that tho.. Stete. are blaclalall frOll Pretoria, aU8t not be forgotten. RtlCogni:ing that tho.e State. are sUffedng ecollOllic difficultie., Japan intenc!. to step up its econaalc and SUffering econoaic difficultie., Japan intend. to step up its ~ic and technical co-operation with thea, especially the front-li,n. Stat.s, with a vi.w to technical co-operation with thea, especially the front-line Stat••, with a view to strengthening their ec:ona.ic viability and resilience. Toifar4s that end, Japan is strengthening their econo.ic viability and resiUence. Toirards that end, Japan i8 preparing to send a study .i.sion for: pea-ible future eoonoaic co-operation to preparing to send a .tud¥ a18sion for po..ible future econo.ic ~operation to those States. those States. The people Of the world are anited in calling fo~ _uiblan indepeMlence and The people of the world al'. united in calUng fo~ lIuiblan indepeMlence ana the eradication of apartheid. their voice is g~OtdftCJ 10u4er with each passing day. the eradication of apartheid' their voice ia growing louder with each passing day. The patience of the international cc.aunity is wearing thin, it can no longer The patience of the international ca.unity ia wearing thin, it can no longer tolerate Pretoria'. prevarications and e~ty excuses. Japan d...nds once again tolerate Pretoria' 8 prevadcation. and elllPty excu.... Japan de.Dd. once again that South Africa co-operate with international efforts to aettle the auestion that South Africa co-operate with international efforts to aettle the auestion without further delay so that a..ibia can ••SURe its rightful place as a sovereign without further delay so that NaMibia can ••SURe its rightful place as a sovereign State in the world c~un1ty. State in the world ca.Munity. Mr. OODOVBNK2 (Ukrainian S~vi.t SOCialist Republic) (interpretation from Mr. OODOYBNK2 (Ukrainian S~vi.t SOCialist Republic) (interpretation from Russian) I 'lwnty years ago, at its twenty-first session, the General Ass.mbly Russian) a ~wenty years ago, at its twenty-first session, the General Asse.bly deprived SOuth Africa of its TrusteeeJhip Mandate over South West Africa. Since deprived SOuth Africa of its Trustee~hip Mandate over South West Africa. Since 1966 the Namibian people, headed ~ its sole 1egitiaate representative, the south 1966 the Namibian people, headed ~ its 801e 1egitiaate representative, the south West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), hav1!t persistently waged a struggle West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), havft persistently waged a struggle against the SOUtb African occupiers for their f~eedom and i~taependence. In that against the SOUth African occupiers for their f.:eeaCXI and i~Daependence. In that struggle they have t~. broad support and solid8rity of world public opinion. struggle they have tae broad support and solid8rity of world public opinion. There is a real and univerea11y recognized basis for a peaceful settlement to There is a real and universally recognized basis for a peaceful settlement to the problem in the United Nations decisions on the issue - first and foremost in the problem in the Unittid Nations decisions on the issue - first and foremost in security Council resolutions 385 (1976) and 435 (1978). HOwever, the question of security Council resolutions 385 (1976) and 435 (1978). HOWever, the question of granting genuine independence to Namibia still remains unresolved. granting genuine independence to Namibia still remains unresolved. ~roughout all these years, SOUth Africa has been stubbornly sabotaging the ~roughout all these years, SOUth Africa has been stubbornly sabotaging the implementation of the COuncil's resolutions, which provide f~r the withdrawal of implementation of the COuncil's resolutions, which provide f~r the withdrawal of SOUth African troops fro. Namibia and the granting to Namibia of independence south African troops from Namibia and the granting to Namibia of independence through the holding of free elections under United Nations supervision. through the holding of free elections under United Nations supervlaion. With the support of a number of ~~ ~~ialist PoWers, South Africa is trying to With the support of a number of L-?dalist Powers, South Africa is trying to exclude the united Nations and SWAPO from the process of finding a settlement in exclude the united Nations and SWAPO from the process of finding a settlement in Namibia and is trying to perpetuate the Territory's colonial status. Namibia and is trying to perpetuate the Territory's colonial status. Namibia, which has been annexed by the Pretoria racists, is governed by them Namibia, which has been annexed by the Pretoria racists, is governed by them as an appendage of South Africa in which the laws of apartheid reign. South as an appendage of South Africa in which the laws of apartheid reign. South African and Western monopolies are plundering the country's natural riches. The African and western monopolies are plundering the country's natural riches. The scale of exploitation of Namibian resources by for~ign economic interests is scale of exploitation of Namibian resources by for~ign economic interests is attested to by, for example, the following data in a document of the Oouncil for attested to by, for example, the following data in a document of the Council for Namibia (A/AC.131/203)a Namibia (A/AC.131/203)a (M!: • Oudovenko, Ukrainian S8a) (Mr. Oudovenko, Ukrainicn SSR) -as much as 60 per cent of waalbia's GDP is repatriated abroad .s COIIPUY -as much as 60 per cent of Naalbia'. CDP 1. repatriated abroad •• c:oIIINU'Y profits before tax.s. Of the r...inin9 40 per cent, a large part is uud •• profits before taxes. Of the r...ining 40 per cent, a large part is uMd a. operating exp~nses of the foreign econoaic interests in Na.ibia-. operating exp~n.es of the foreign econoaic interests In Na.ibia-. (A/AC.131/203, para. 7). (A/AC.13l/203, para. 7). ':t'he racist £egi.. is also trying to keep Namibia as a beachhead for aggre••ion ':\be racist l'89i.. ls al80 trying to keep Namibia as a beachhead for aggre.sion against independent Afdcan States. A South Afdcan army nWDbering ml'e than against independent African States If A South African army numbering aore than 100,oco aen is (~:}plG'Jed on 'Che territory of that country. During the past fe" 100,oco aen is ~3p1ared on ~. territory of that country. During the past few 80ntbs Pretoria haa again started a propaganda game with regard to Namibia, there I80nths Pretoria hae again started a propaganda game with regard to Namibia, there have once again been stateaents about an intention to resolve the Naeibian prOblea. have once again been stat..ents about an intention to resolve the Naaibian prOblea. At the beginning of March Pieter BOtba solemnly declared that he was ready to At the beginning of March Pieter Botha solemnly declared that he was ready to ..ke the Nat,,.;,r,,,ian people a pre..nt of their independence. A 8pec1fi~ date was even _ke the Nal'''~'oiim PIOple a prennt of their independence. A sPeC1fi~ date was even given for ~{,:~I!.ning to illPl...nt the united Nations plan for Namibia - 1 Autgust given for br(, :~I!,ning to iapl...nt the United Nations plan for Na.ibla - 1 August this ysal'. However, such alleged readiness in fact turned out to be only ilft this YCi8r. However, sucb alleged readiness in fact turned out to be only an attellPt to !:Ilislead world public opinion. 'l'be rulers of SOuth Africa yet again set attellPt to l:Ilielead world public opinion. '!'be rulers of SOuth Africa yet agaln set up an al'tifi~ial barder to a solution to the Nuibian problem, once again _king up an artlfi~ial barder to a solution to the Nulbian problem, once agaln _king the granting of independence to Nallibia dependent on the withdrawal of CUban the granting of independence to Namibia dependent on the withdrawal of CUban internationalicts from Angola. internationalicts from Angola. The Governaent of Angola, SWAPO, the Organization of African unity, the The Govermaent of Angola, SWAPO, the Organization of African unity, tbe Hon-Aligned Movement and all those others who oppose high-handed interference in Hon-A1igned Movement and all thoee others who oppose high-handed interference in the internal affairs of other countries and favour a speedy resolution of the the internal affairs of other countries and favour a speedy resolution of the Namibian problem firmly rejected any such inadmissible linkage. RaMlbian problem firmly rejected any such inadmissible linkage. Last year the Security council in its reSOlution 566 (1985) once again Last year the Security COuncil in its resolution 566 (1985) once again rejected the unfounded demand for linkage between the granting of independence to rejected the unfounded demand for linkage between the granting of independence to N.-ibia and other, totally lrrele~ant, issues. Naalbia and other, totally irrelewant, issues. (Mr. Oud?Venko, Ukrainian SSR) (Mr. Oud?Venko, Ukrainian SSK) Moreover, Pretoria was clearly counting on such a refusal. It 18 now trying Moreover, Pretoria was clearly counting on such a refusal. It i8 now trying to wash its hands of the matter, making hypocritical references to a lack of any to wash its hands of the matter, making hypocritical references to a lack of any desire by the Angolan" side to make concessions, in order to find so.. basis for the desire by the Angolan" side to make concessions, in order to find so.. basis for the further illegal occupation of Namibian territory. '!bat is shown by, for example, further illegal occupation of Namibian territory. That is shown by, for example, the letter of the south African POreign Minister, Pik Botha, to the the letter of the South African POreign Minister, Pik Botha, to the Secretary-General on 28 July this year, which is a clear attempt to turn the whole Secretary-General on 28 July this year, which i8 a clear attempt to turn the whole matter upside down. matter upside down. No:c is there any end to the illegal manouevres to bring about a so-called No:c is there any end to the illegal _nouevres to bring about a so-called internal settlement, side-stepping thQ United Nations. All of these machinations internal settlement, side-stepping thQ United Nations. All of these machinations have been rejected by the General Assembly, at its fourteenth special session and have been rejected by the General Assembly, at its fourteenth special session and on other occasions, by the Security OOuncil and by the whole international on other occasions, by the Security COuncil and by the whole international community. community. The reason for the racists' refusal to implement United Nations decisions on The reason for the racists' refusal to implement United Nations decisions on the decolunization of Namibia is not the omnipotence of Pretoria but the the decolunization of Namibia is not the omnipotence of Pretoria but the comprehensive support for the apartheid r&gime by aertain imperialist Powers - comprehensive support for the apartheid r&gime by aertain imperialist Powers - primarily the united States. As a result of the active policy of constructive primarily the united States. As a result of the active policy of constructive engagement and the maintenance of extensive trade and economic ties with South engagement and the maintenance of extensive trade and economic ties with South Africa on the part of a number of western countries, and Israel, which help Africa on the part of a number of western countries, and Israel, which help Pretoria in the military and nuclear fields and give it political and diplomatic Pretoria in the military and nuclear fields and give it political and diplomatic protection on the international scene - inter alia, at the united Nations and in protection on the international scene - inter alia, at the united Nations and in particular in the Security Council, the racist r6gime of SOuth Africa has become particular in the Security Council, the racist r6gime of SOuth Africa has become even more inflexible about its occupation of Namibia and the continuation of its even more inflexible about its occupation of Namibia and the continuation of its policy of apartheid, and has extended its acts of aggression and its economic and policy of apartheid, and has extended its acts of aggression and its economic and political pressure directed against neighbouring independent African States. That political pressure directed against neighbouring independent African States. That is the sole result of the policy of co-operation with the racist r~ime, a policy is the sole result of the policy of co-operation with the racist r~ime, a policy hypocritically justified by the protectors of South Africa as imaginary moves hypocritically justified by the protectors of South Africa as imaginary moves towards something better. towards something better. (Ik. OUdovenko« Uk~.lnian SSR) (Ik. OUdovenko, Uk~.lnian SSR) Moreover, the g~oup of StateCl collaborating with SOUth Africa ia not U.itecl Moreover, the group of StateCl collaborating witb SOUtb Africa i. not li.U:e4 to the _jor We.tern countd..., such ae the united State., the ~ite4 Klngdaa and to the _jor W••tern countd..., .ucb a. tbe united States, the ~ite4 KlngcSca and the rederal Republic of Ger_oy. POr exuple, ac:co~cUng to the data given in the Pe4eral Republic of Geruny. 1'01' exuple, accorcUng to the data given in document A/AC.131/226, of all the countries witb tran.national co~r.tion. document A/AC.131/226, of all the countries with trananatlonal co~r.tlon. operating in south Africa, canada stood in flfth p~ce, in ter.. of nu.bere of operating in south Africa, canada stood in fiftb p~ce, in terM of nU!lber8 of COIIpanie., and of all those operating in Haaibla it stood in fourtb place, .fte~ COIIpanie., and of all the.. operating In Raaibla it stood in fourtb plllCe, afte: SOUth Africa itself, the United St.u. and the United liogdola, according to SOUth Africa itself, the United StIlU. and tbe United tcingdOla, according to docwaent A/AC.131/203. 'lbe canadian ClOIIPany Rio AlgOl8 Ltd., which ia participating docuaent A/AC.131/203. 'lbe canadian COIIpany Rio AlgOll Ltd., whicb 1. pilrtlcipating 1n exploiting uraniu. In NaMibia, bas 10 per cent of the abar.. in tbe RBesing In exploiting uraniUM in Raalbla, has 10 per cent of the ehar.. in tbe RBe.ing Urani. aining COIIlpany. '!'bere is no need to dwell in detall Oft the pernicious role UraniUII aining COIlpany. 1'bere is no need to dwell in detall on the pernicious role played by the rapacious activity of foreign econoalc circl•• 1n SOUth Africa and played by the rapacious activity of foreign econoaic circl•• 1n South Africa and Namibia, since this was clearly set out in resolution 41/14, whicb the Me.llbly BUlbia, since this was clearly Bet out in re801ution 41/14, which the b ••llbly adopted recently. adopted recently. (Mr. Ouc5ovenko, Ukraint4n SSR) (Mr. Ouc5ovenko, Ukraint4n SSR) The Ukrainian SSR fir~y cond~MnS the policy of so-called constructive ~he Ukrainian SSR fir.ty cond~MftS the policy of so-called constructive engaqe.nt with the racist r~:l.. of South Africa of certain western countries and engaqe.nt with the racist r~:I._ of South Africa of certain western countries and Israel, which 1s desigDea to preserve a broad network of tie. with pretoria under Israel, which la desigDea to preserve a broad network of tie. with pretoria under the thin vel1 of verbal cen.ure and pseudo-.anctions. We fully agree with the the thin veil of verbal cen.ure and pseudo-••nction.. We fully agree with the following conclusion of the International Conference for the IBmediate Independence following conclusion of the International Conference for the I.-edi.te Independence of Uuibia, which took place in Vienna 1n July of this year, that of ttuibia, which took place in Vienna In July of this ye.r, that -such collaboration under.ineB the effort of the international e::e-unity -.uch collabor.tion under.lne. the effort of the intern.tional ~unity again.t thca apartheid r~i_ and helps to perpetuate that r~i_'8 illegal ag.in.t thca apartheid r49i_ and help.. to perpetuate that r~iM'8 illegal oc:c:upaation of "uibia-. (A/CCU.138/11, p. 29) occ:u~tion of " ..ibia-. (A/CCU.138/11, p. 29) The Ukrainian SSIt believ.. that the people of NaJlibia should be enabled to The Ukrainian SSIt believ.. that the people of Nulbia should be enabled to exercise i-.diately its inalienable right to self-d.terllination and independence exercise i-.diately it. inalienable right to self-deterJI,ination and independence on the basis of the pr...rvation of the unity and territorial integrity of the on the ha.ls of the preaervation of the unity and territorial integrity of the country, inclucUng W.lvis B.y a"'C! the offshore islands. We de..nd the i_ediate country, iraclucUng Walvi. Bay aile! the off.hore i.land.. We de_nd the i_ediate and total withdrawal of South African troops and administration from N.mibia and and total withdrawal of South African troop. and administration from Namibia and the tran.fer of .11 power to the SOuth West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), the tran.fer of all power to the SOuth We.t Africa People's Organization (~PO), which is recognised by the United Nations .nd the Ol'ganhation of African unity a. which is recognised by the United Nations and the Organhation of African unity as the sole legitillate representative of the "..ibian people. the sole legitimate repre.entative of the "..ibian people. We fUlly share the concern regarding the situation in southern Africa, in We fUlly share the concern regarding the situation in southern Africa, in particul.r Namibi., .xpr••••d .t the sum-it .eetings of the Non-Aligned Movement in particular Namibia, .xpr••••d at the .um-it .eetings of the Non-Aligned Movement in aarar••na the Organisation of Afric.n unity in Addis Ababa. We .upport the demand aarar. and the Organisation of African Unity in Addi. Ababa. We support the demand th.t w.. again reaffir-.d .t those ..etings for unswerving c:o~liance by all State. that was again reaffiraed at those Reetings for unswerving co~liance by all States with the Security Council e~.rgo on supplying South Africa with weapons, the with the Security Council e~.rgo on supplying South Africa with weapons, the introduction of a .andatory eabargo on the delivery to Pretoria of oil and oil introduction of a ..ndatory eabargo on the delivery to Pretoria of oil and oil product., the c••••tion of any kind of co-operation with South Africa in the products, the c••••tion of any kind of co-operation with South Africa in the nuclear field and the adoption ag.inst the racist r~ime of South Africa of other nuclear f1eld and the adoption against the racist r~lme of South Africa of other (Mr. OUdovenko, Ukrainian SSR) (Mr. OUaovenko, Ukrainian SSR) effective measures, including the immediate imposition against South Africa by the effective measures, including the immediate imposition against South Africa by the Security council of ca.prehensive mandatory sanctions in accordance with Securitr COuncil of ca.prehensive mandatory sanctions in accordance with Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. !bere is an urgent need to ensure implementation of United Nations decisions !here is an urgent need to ensure implementation of United Nations decisions on this issue, above all Security CO~ncil decisions, by those that are still on this issue, above all Security OO~ncil decisions, by those that are still blOCking a just solution to the Namibian question - that is, the Pretoria regime blocking a just solution to the Namibian question - that is, the Pretoria regime and its Western protectors - and to exert pressure on them to abide by the will of and its Western protectors - and to exert pressure on them to abide by the will of the overwhelming majority of the countries of the world. the cwerwhellling _jodty of the countries of the world. The Ukrainian SSR supports and greatly values the activities of the united The Ukrainian SSR supports and greatly values the activities of the united Nations COuncil for Namibia as the Administering Authority for the Territory until Nations COuncil for Naaibia as the Administering Authority for the Territory until independence. Until recently, the activities of that Council were gUided by the independence. Until recently, the activities of that Council were guided by the experienced diplomat and well-known fighter for the freedom of Africa, Paul Lusaka, experienced diplClllat and well-known fighter for the freedom of Africa, Paul Lusaka, and we congratUlate the Ambassador of Zembia, Peter Zuze, on his election to the and we congratulate the Ambassador of Zembia, Peter Zuze, on his election to the post of President of the COuncil and to assure him of our support. post of President of the COuncil and to assure him of our support. The COUncil is making great efforts to mobilize world public opinion in The COUncil is making great efforts to mobilize world pUblic opinion in support of the just struggle of the Namiblan people for self-determination in a support of the just struggle of the Namiblan people for self-determination in a united, independent Namibia, with its territorial integrity preserved. However, in united, independent Namibia, with its territorial integrity preserved. However, in our view, greater efforts should be aade to disseminate information regarding our view, greater efforts should be made to disseminate information regarding SWAPO's struggle against the illegal occupation of Namibia by South Africa. This SWAPO's struggle against the illegal occupation of Namibia by South Africa. This is all the more pre.sing in that the apartheid regime has embarked on a real is all the more pre.sing in that the apartheid regime has embarked on a real propaganda war against SMAPO, with the asaistance of its so-called foreign propaganda war against SWAPO, with the assistance of its so-called foreign representatives of the puppet administration of Namibia in a number of Western representatives of the puppet administration of Namibia in a number of Western capitals, in an attempt to influence pUblic opinion in those States. capitals, in an attempt to influence public opinion in those States. We also vary auch appreciate the work and the final documents of the We also vary auch appreciate the work and the final documents of the International COnference for the Immediate Independence of Namibia, which took International COnference for the lmmediate Independence of Namibia, which took place in Vienna in July of this year, and the fourteenth special session of the place in Vienna in July of this year, and the fourteenth special session of the (Mt. Oudovenko, Ukrainian SSR) (Mt. Oudovenko, Ukrainian SSa) General Assembly, an Namibia. The documents and de"isions of these important General Assembly, an Namibia. The documents and de"i8ions of these important forums must give a fresh impetus to the struggle for the independence of Namibia. forums must give 4 fresh impetus to the struggle for the independence of Namibia. the Ukrainian SSR, which has consistently favoured the immediate granting of the Ukrainian ssa, which has consistently favoured the immediate granting of independence to Namibia, expresses its solidarity with and support for the independence to Namibia, expresses its solidarity with and support for the ccarageous Namibian people in its just struggle for liberation, under the ccarageous Namibian people in its just struggle for liberation, under the leadership of its vanguard, SWAPO, by all the means available to it. leadership of its vanguard, SWAPO, by all the means available to it. Mr. MAHBUBANI (Singapore): We have been asked to be brief, and I shall Mr. MAHBUBANI (Singapore): We have been asked to be brief, and I shall be, not because the issue of Namibia is unimportant but because, of all the items be, not because the issue of Namibia is unimportant but because, of all the items on the United Nations agenda, it is the one issue on which there is an on the United Nations agenda, it is the one issue on which there is an Open ..and-shut-eaee. There is no moral or political ambiguity. Indeed, on the open ~and-shut-ea8e. There is no moral or political ambiguity. Indeed, on the essentials there is total unanimity among Member states. With such unanimity, it essentials there is total unanimity among Member states. With such unanimity, it is a crying shame that the question of Namibia remains unresolved. Is a crying shame that the question of Namibia remains unresolved. At the recent special session on the question of Namibia, held barely two At the recent special session on the question of Namibia, held barely two .antbs ago, the verdict of the international community was once again clearly .antbs ago, the verdict of the international community was once again clearly delivered. At that special session the General Assembly reaffirmed the direct delivered. At that special session the General Assembly reaffirmed the direct responsibility of the United Nations over Namibia until genuine self-determination re.ponsibility of the united Nations over Namibia until genuine self-determination and national independence are achieved. It also reaffirmed that the united Nations and national independence are achieved. It also reaffirmed that the united Nations plan for the independence of Namibia, in accordance with Security Council plan for the independence of Namibia, in accordance with Security Council r.801utic~s 385 (1976) and 435 (1978), is the only internationally accepted basis r.801utic~s 385 (1976) and 435 (1978), is the only internationally accepted basis for a peacefUl settlement of the Namibian question. for a peaceful settlement of the Namibian question. Regrettably, however, there is no sign of any change of mind in pretoria. The Regrettably, however, there is no sign of any change of mind in pretoria. The SOuth African regime continues to fr~strate the implementation of the Security SOuth African regime continues to frustrate the implementation of the Security COUncil resolutions with their insistence on linking the question of full COUncil resolutions with their insistence on linking the question of full independence for Namibia to irrelevant and extraneous issues. This linkage is independence for Namibia to irrelevant and extraneous issues. This linkage is unacceptable. Indeed, in raising these irrelevant and extraneous issues unacceptable. Indeed, in raising these irrelevant and extraneous issues (Hr. Mahbubani, Singapore) (Hr. Mahbubani, Singapore) SOUth Africa'. behaviour ia no different fraa that of other powers which have south Africa'. bebaviour ia no different froa that of otber Powers wbicb have constantly tried to distract attention froa their continued illegal 'occupation of constantly t.ried to distract attention froa their continued illegal 'occupation of territories. territories. under the SOuth African r49i_ the people of Namibia continue to suffer not Under tbe SOutb African r49i_ tbe people of Namibia continue to suffer not from one evil but frQB two evilsl the evils of colonization and apartheid. While from one evil but frQB two evi181 the evils of colonization and apartheid. While the people are exploited and the ecQDOIIY plundered, neighbouring countries are also the people are exploited and the 8CQftOIIY plundered, neighbouring countries are also destabilized. destabilized. Clearly, one of the main reasons why the South African regime has refused to Clearly, one of the Jlain reasons why the South African regiae has refused to grant full independence is Namibia's wealth. It is, after all, a Territory rich in grant full independence is Namibia's wealth. It is, after all, a ~rritory rich in diamonds, copper, uraniUII and other strategic ainerals. Sanford ungar, a diamonds, copper, uraniUJI and other strategic .inerals. Sanford ungar, a journalist with years of experience in Africa, has written recently that even today journalist with years of experience in Africa, has written recently that even today the people of Naaibia could live in relative prosperity if only a substantial share the people of Naaibia could live in relative prosperity if only a substantial share of the proceeds of the TerritoryVs .ineral wealth were kept within its borders, of the proceeds of the ~rritoryOs aineral wealth were kept within its borders, but, alas, it is not. As Nuch as 60 per cent ef Namibia's gross domestic product but, alas, it is not. Aa Nucb as 60 per cent of Namibia's gross domestic product is repatriated abroad as company profits before taxes, and of the remaining is repatriated abroad as company profits before taxes, and of the remaining 40 per cent a large part is uMd as operating expenses of the foreign economic 40 per cent a large part is uMd as operating expenses of the foreign economic interests in Namibia. The Assembly will find these statistics in a stUdy done by interests in Namibia. The Assembly will find these statistics in a study done by the British Council of Churches and the catholic Institute of International the British Council of Churches and the catholic Institute of International Relations. Relations. At the same time, the Office of the United Nations ComJIissioner for Namibia At the same time, the Office of the United Nations ComJIissioner for Namibia has also reported that the economy is controlled exclusively by the South African has also reported that the economy is controlled exclusively by the South African r~ime and its settlers, along with other foreign investors. Namibia is completely r~ime and its settlers, along with other foreign investors. Namibia is completely tied to South Africa in the fields of trade, investment capital and technical as tied to South Africa in the fields of trade, investment capital and technical as wel~ as managerial skills. More than 50 per cent of all its raw material exports wel~ as managerial skills. More than 50 per cent of all its raw material exports go to South Africa and 95 per cent of its imports come from there. go to South Africa and 95 per cent of its imports come from there. (Mr. Mahbubanl, Singapore) (Mr. Mabbubani, Singapore) 'l'o llaintain this continued &xIlnation and total ecol'lOllic control over Nambia, To maintain tbia continued ac.ination and total 8COI'lOIIic control over: Nallbia, South Africa annexed Hamibla'. aajor port, "a1vlu Bsy, in 1977 ana con.lders South Africa annexed Namibia'••ajor port, .alvlu Bsy, in 1977 and con8ider8 sovereignty over it to ba III non-negotiable i••ue. 'I'be united Nations, however, has sovereignty over it to be a non-negotiable i••ue. Tbe united Rations, however, has firmly rejected this annexation and called for its reintegration with Namibia. firmly rejected this annexatiaa and called for its reintegration with Namibia. unfortunately, with its traditional defiance of the united Nations, south Africa unfortunately, witb its traditional defiance of the united Nations, south Africa ha. strengthened its forces there and, indeed, given ttalvis Bay direct has strengthened its force8 there ancJ, indeed, given Walvis Bay direct representation in South Africa's white parliament. We all know, however, that representation in South Africa' 8 white parliaaent. We all know, however, that Wal"is Bay is geographically part of Rulbia. tn fact, without walvis Bay, Namibia Wel"is Bay is geographically part of Bulbia. tn fact, without walvls Bay, Namibia would effectively becc.e a landlocked country and subject to Pretoria's would effectively beee-e a landlocked country and subject to Pretoria's stranglehold, because 1Ialvls bay i. Ruibia's only deep-water port, the centre of stranglehold, because Walvls bay ia Buibia's only deep-water port, the centre of the Territory's fishing industry and the base for extensive exploration for oil and the Territory's fishing industry and the base for extensive exploration for oil and natural gas. Given the recent confirution of a sizeable gas find in the !twiu natural gas. Given the recent confirlllltion of a sizeable gas find in the Kudu field, rated to be UIOft9 the largest find. in the world, the iraportance of Walvis field, rated to be UlOft9 the llll'gest finds in the world, the importance of Walvis nay has been further enhanced. The only other port, Luderitz, is too shallow for Day bas been further enbanced. Tbe only other port, Luderitz, is too shallow for ocean-going freighters, lacks a heavy duty rail link, and Is too far south of the ocean-going freigbters, lacks a heavy duty rail link, and is too far south of the _in centres of production and COIl8U11Ption. llain centres of production and COft8U11Ptlon. At the same t~, the interiD government system established by South Africa in At the same t:l.Jle, the interill goverlUllent syste. established by South Africa in Namibia has also turned out to be a highly sophisticated fora of apartheid. It Namibia has also turned out to be a highly sophisticated form of apartheid. It provides two separate tiers of governaent. The first tier ostensibly has national provides two separate tiers of governRent. The first tier ostensibly has national authority, but, indeed, with little responslhility for the laportant matters that authority, but, indeed, with little responsihility for the laportant matters that affect the people's daily Uves, such as education, housing, health and affect the people's dally lives, such as education, housing, health and agriculture. These were reHrved, for the !lOst part, for the second tier of agriculture. These were reserved, for the IIOst part, for the second tier of Wethnic authoritiesWas defined by the Pretoria r6gi.. - inclUding one for all Wethnic authoritiesWas defined by the Pretoria r69i88 - inclUding one for all whit4JS. This is a aechanin by which the whites continue to assure thellSelves of whit4JS. This is a aechanin by which the white. continue to a8sure themselves of the best schools and other B.~vices without having to ~hink of sharing them with the best schools and other .ervice8 without having to think of sharing them with (Mr. Mahbubani, Singapore) (Mr. Mahbubani, Singapore) the others. But when it became inconvenient for tbe south African., the first tier the others. But when it became inconvenient for the SOuth Africans, the first tier of national authority was diai8se4 and direct rule was illpOHCI frOll Pretoria. In of national authority vaa cliai8sed and direct rule was illpOHd frOll Pretoria. In 1985, the Pretoria r~i.. -.oved unilaterally to establish a new internal 1985, the Pretoria r~i_ .ewe«! unilaterally to establish a new internal aClministration in Windhoek outside the United Watioaa framework. This development, a«ministration in Windhoek outside the United Nationa fraMework. This development, according to the Secl.'etary-General, rais.s further serious CNeations about the real according to the secretary-General, rals•• further orioulI QUestions about the real int.entions of South Africa in seeking a solution to the wuibian problH. intentions of South Africa in seeking a solution to the Nulbian prcbln. The united Nations Council for Namibia's report a180 points to repression and The United Nations Council for Namibia's report a180 points to repression and violation of huun rights. Repressive legislation has been passed. The population violation of buan rights. Repressive legislation has been passed. The population is terrorised. Various independent sources in fact have provided evidence of this i. terrorilled. Various independent sources in fact have provided evidence of this terror. The Council for Namibia alllO reports that: terror. The Council for Namibia also reports that: RThe disposse.sion of land and the war and repression brought about by -The disposse.sion of land and the war and repression brought about by the illegal SOUth African occupation r69i-. have continued to force thousands the illegal south African occupation r69i.. have continued to force thousands of Naibians to flee their native land in order to seek refuge in neighbouring of !'fuibians to flee their native land in order to seek refuge in neighbouring countries •••• ("/41/24 (Part I), para. 416) countries •••• (A/4l/24 (Part I), para. 416) The Office of the united Nations 8igh Commissioner for Refugees (UNDCR) estimates The Office of the united Nations 8igh COIlIIissioner for Refugees (UNRCR) estimates that there are appraxiaately 70,000 to 80,000 Namibian refugees in neighbouring that there are approximately 70,000 to 80,000 Namibian refugees in neighbouring countries. But even there, these refugees are not safe for these cawps have been countries. But even there, these refugees are not safe for these cawps have been frequent targets of the South African forces. frequent targets of the South African forces. Increased military force is also used to suppress popular resistance to and Increased military force is also used to suppress popular resistance to and destabilize neighbauring countries. These policies remain of grave concern to the destabilize neighbauring countries. These policies remain of grave concern to the international cosmunity, especially as repeated acts of subversion and aggression international cc.munity, especially as repeated acts of subversion and aggression are launched against the front-line States. In the light of the developments in are launchecJ against the front-line States. In the light of the developments in the region, the Security Council adopted resolution 581 (1986) by which it strongly the region, the Security Council adopted resolution 581 (1986) by which it strongly condeDfted South Africa for its threats to perpetrate acts of aggression against the cond.-ned South Africa for its threats to perpetrate acts of aggression against the front-line and other States in southern Africa. front-line and other States in southern Africa. (Mr. Mahbubani, Singapore) (Mr. Mahbubani, Singapore) Finally, it is incumbent on the united Nations to send timely reminders and Finally, it is incUlllbent on the United Nations to send timely reminders and strong messages to Pretoria condemning South Africa's policies and actions in strong messages to Pretoria condemning South Africa's policies and actions in Namibia, for these messages will serve to remind South Africa that we will not Namibia, for these messages will serve to remind South Africa that we will not relent in our continued support for the Namibian people's right to rel~nt in our continued support for the Namibian people's right to self-determination and independence. There is understandable impatience and self-determination and independence. There is understandable impatience and frustration with South Africa's intransigence and with what appears to be futile frustration with South Africa's intransigence and with what appears to be futile united Nations efforts to bring an end to the illegal occupation of Namibia. united Nations efforts to bring an end to the illegal occupation of Namibia. Rowever, history is on the side of Namibia. South Africa cannot live in isolation Rowever, history is on the side of Namibia. South Africa cannot live in isolation forever. Faced with the present political and economic crisis of its own making, forever. Faced with the present political and economic crisis of its own making, the South African regime is now more vulnerable than ever to international the South African regime is now more vulnerable than ever to international pressures. Soon it will have no choice but to grant Namibia its independence. We pressures. Soon it will have no choice but to grant Namibia its independence. we in Singapore look forward to the day when Namibia will join the united N~tions as a in Singapore look forward to the day when Namibia w111 join the united N~tions as a free and independent State. free and independent state. Mr. ZARIF (Afghanistan): After more than one and a half centuries, it is Mr. ZARIF (Afghanistan): After more than one and a half centuries, it is an irony that the world allows Namibia to remain criminally enslaved, its people an irony that the world allows Namibia to remain criminally enslaved, its people brutally exploited, its natural resources plundered and its Territory arrogantly brutally exploited, its natural resources plundered and its Territory arrogantly used as a springboard for aggression and destabili~ation. Not only have the used as a springboard for aggression and destabilbation. Not only have the Namibian PeOple been robbed of their inherent and legitimate right to Namibian PeOple been robbed of their inherent and legitimate right to self-determination and independence, but their human dignity has also been trampled self-determination and independence, but their human dignity has also been trampled under the iron heel of the horrendous apartheid system. Thus, the people of under the iron heel of the horrendous apartheid system. Thus, the people of Namibia have borne the yoke of two sUbjugations: outright colonialism and Namibia have borne the yoke of two sUbjugations: outright colonialism and unbridled racism. unbridled racism. Twenty years ago the United Nations, as the legal heir of the League of Twenty years ago the United Nations, as the legal heir of the League of Nations, terminated south Africa's Mandate over the Territory of Namibia and Nations, terminated South Africa's Mandate over the Territory of Namibia and established the united Nations Council for Namibia to administer the Territory established the united Nations Council for Namibia to administer the Territory (Mr. larif, Afghanistan) (Mr. larif, Afghanistan) until its full independence. Score. of resolutions have aince been adopted by the Ufttil ita full indeP4tnclence. Scores of rellOlutiona have aince been adopted by the Security Council and the General AEi1(,\~Jlbly calling on the racist and colonialis~ Security Council and the General A~~'ieJlbly calling on the raciat and co10nialis1: I:~i_ of pretoria to put an end to its illegal occupation of Namibia.• .:49iof pretoria to put an end to ita illegal occupation of Namibia.• Paced with the ri8ing tide of awarene•• and condemnation by world public Paced with the riaing tide of awarene•• and eond.aaation by world public opinion, the racist Pretoria r6giae has reacted with unprecedented rigidity and opinion, the racist Pretoria r~iIIe has reacted with unprecedented rigidity and intransigence, totally defying the repeated aounc1s of the international cOJll1lunity. intransigence, totally defying the repeated d8118rwJa of the international cOJlllunity. The institutionalized racism and coloniali.. cbaining SOuth Africa and The institutionalized racism and coloniali88 chaining SOuth Africa and Ha.ibia, which are an affront to huaan conscience and to the most basic aspirations H••ibia, which are an affront to huaan conscience and to the most basic aspirations of free en, continue their sh_fu1 existence thanks only to those who of free .en, continue their sbaaeful existence thanks only to those who hypocritically portray the_elves 88 chaaplons of human rights. hypocritically portray the_elves .s challpiona of human rights. (Mr. :Jarif, Af,haralst.an) (Mr. Iarif, Af,hanistan) It i. obviou. that the racist r49icould not ha"e withstood the pr•••ure of It is obvious that the racist r49icould not have withatood the pr•••ure of world""",id" critici.. had it not bun for the political, cU.plc:.atic, 8)ral, ~ic world""",id__ critici.. had it not been for the political, diplc:.atic, 8)1'81, econaIIic and military backing of uraitod State. i.,.rlali.. and it. staunche.t followers. and ailitary backing of unitod State. i.,.riali.. ana it. staunche.t follower&. Through the scandalous policy of IIO-Called constructi"e engage.nt the pr••ent Through the scandalous policy of go.called constructive engageMnt the pr••ent united States Adaini.tratian be. provia.d a safety net for the Pretoria r49i88, United States Adaini.tratian baD provided a safety net for the Pretoria r69i.., dimini.hing the .fficacy of any positive international action. diminishing the .fficacy of any positive international action. At a ti_ when all other pe"""Aful avenues toward. a solution have reached a At a ti_ when all other pe,.,.....ful avenues toward. a solution have reached a dead end, the united State. and the united Kingda repeatedly resort to the abuse dead end, the united State. and the united King"- repeatedly resort to the abuse of their veto power in the security COUncil to prevent the adoption and enforce.nt of their veto power in the security COUncil to prevent the adoption and enforce.nt of c:omprehensive undatory sanction. against SOuth Africa under Chapter VII of the of c:omprehen.ive ..naatory sanctions against SOuth Mdca under Chapter VII of the United Nations Cbarter. United Nations Cbarter. ~ create deliberate hurdle. In the way of the iMPl..entation of the united ~ create deliberate hurdle. In the way of the iapl..entation of the united Nstions plan for the independence of ..Bible under Security COUncil resolution Nstions plan for the indepencJenC4t of ..lIibie uncleI' security COUncil resolution 435 (1978), the United State. and the raciat r69i.. are introducing auch irrelevant 435 (1978), the United State. and the racist r69i.. are introducing .uch irrelevant and extraneous i.808s a. the pre..nce of the Cuban intornationalist contingent in and extraneous ieDues a. the pr...nce of the Cuban internationalist contingent in Angola. Angola. The world has categorically rejected att.-pt. to portray the question of The world ha. categor:1cally rejected attellPts to portray the que.tion of Namibia as one falling within the aontext of Ba.t.....t confrontation. The Namibia as one falUng within the c:ontext of ••t .....t confrontation. The international C08BUnity has recognized and confir-.d ~epeatedly the legitiaacy of , the struggle of the Naaibian people, under the leader.hip of theiz sole, legitiaate international COEBUnity has recognized and confir-.4 ~epeatedly the legitiaacy of , the struggle of the Naaibian people, under the leedership of theiz eole, legitlaate and authentic vanguard, the South "e.t Africa People'. Organization (SNAPO), for and authentic vanguard, the South We.t Africa People'. Organization (SNAPO), for self-aeteraination and independence within a united NaBibla, including Ifalvi8 Bay self-deteraination and independence within a united Hallibia, including .alvi. Bay and the Penguin and other offshore laland.. Pretoria'. efforts to win a seablance and the Penguin and other offshore island.. Pretoria'••fforts to win a .eablance of legitilll&CY for it. puppet and subHrvient clique in Wlndhoek have been all but of legitimacy for it. puppet and 8ubservient clique in Windboek have been all but in vain. in vain. (Mr. Zarif, Afghanistan) Although belatedly, the conscience of the international community has awakened Although belatedly, the conscience of the international community has awakened to reject apartheid, tha~ illegitimate brainchild of imperialism and colonialism, to reject apartheid, tha~ illegitimate brainchild of imperialism and colonialism, which has been declared a crime against humanity by the international community. which has been declared a crime against humanity by the international community. The World Conference on Sanctions against Racist SOuth Africa, held in Paris '!'he World Conference on Sanctions against Racist South Africa, held in Paris in June 1986, the Vienna International COnference on the Immediate Independence of in June 1986, the Vienna International COnference on the Immediate Independence of Namibia, held last JUly, and several meetings of the Organization of African Namibia, held last July, and several meetings of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) were important steps towards giving momentum to the struggle for the Unity (OAU) were important steps towards giving momentum to the struggle for the eradication of the most abominable of legacies of the dark ages. The non-aligned eradication of the most abominable of legacies of the dark ages. The non-aligned countries, representing the overwhelming majority of nations, at their Eighth countries, representing the overwhelming majority of nations, at their Eighth COnference of Heads of State or Government, held in September in Harare, condemned COnference of Heads of State or Government, held in september in Harare, condemned the obstructionist policies of the racist regime and its imperialist allies, and the obstructionist policies of the racist regime and its imperialist allies, and called for the urgent application of comprehensive and binding sanctions against called for the urgent application of comprehensive and binding sanctions against Pretoria. Pretoria. The fourteenth special session of the General Assembly in september, which in The fourteenth special session of the General Assembly in september, which in fact was the culmination of widespread global action, gave a sober analysis of the fact was the CUlmination of widespread global action, gave a sober analysis of the grim situation and called urgently for the speedy implementation of the United grim situation and called urgently for the speedy implementation of the united Nations plan on Namibia. Nations plan on Namibia. The Government of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, in full solidarity The Government of the Democratic RepUblic of Afghanistan, in full solidarity with the people of Namibia, under the leadership of SWAPO, has lent its full with the people of Namibia, under the leadership of SWAPO, has lent its full support to all those international efforts and sincerely hopes that this session support to all those international efforts and sincerely hopes that this session emphatically reiterates its previous calls on ·the Security Council to recognize the emphatically reiterates its previous calls on ·the security Council to recognize the urgent need to force South Africa to dismantle the obnoxious apartheid system, urgent need to force South Africa to dismantle the obnoxious apartheid system, terminate its illegal hold over Namibia and put an end to its policy of State terminate its illegal hold over Namibia and put an end to its policy of state terrorism, acts of aggression and destabilization against neighbouring countries, terrorism, acts of ~ggression and destabilization against neighbouring countries, partiCUlarly Angola. particularly Angola. (Hr. "rifl, Af9hani8tan) (Hr. Barif, Al,hani.tan) While hailing SWAPO on the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the While hailing SWAPO on the eec.aion of the twentietb anniveraary of tbe launching of its ereeCl struggle, we call for b,er••sea .ilitary, political, launching of its Breed struggle, ve call for b,ere.seel ailitary, political, cOllate, IIOral and diplOlllltic assistance to be given to SIIUO to carry out its 8COftOllic, lI01'al and diplOlllltlc a.sistance to be given to SIIUO to carry out its final assault on the racist and occupationist r4gi_ and achieve the fUl~ final aSBault: on the racist and occupationist 1'49i.. and .cbi..e the fUl~ independence of Haalbia. independence of uaalbla. '!'he experiences of the recent past have proved that nothing short of '!'he experiences of the recent past have proved that notbing abort of COIIPrehensive ..ndatory unctions against the racist and colonialist r49iof COIIPrehensive ..ndatory unctions against the racist and colonialiat r4giof South Africa will ensure a peaceful solution to the prObl..s affecting southern South Africa vill ensure a peaceful solution to the prObl..s affecting southern Afdca. lJ.'be beroic peoples of south Afdca and Hambia have had enough of verbal Afdca. 'l'be beroic peoples of SOUtb Afdca and Hambia have had enough of verbal solidadty. Tbey are now anxiously waiting for sedous, concrete, ~.ctical and solidarity. 'l'bey are now anxiously waiting for sedous, concrete, practical and effective action to be taken. Let us not fail the. in their reasonable effective action to be taken. Let us not fail tbe. in their reasonable expectations. expectations. Hr. ZBtJL&'1'I (Albania) I Twenty years have elapsed since the Genel'al Hr. ZBtJL&'1'I (Albania) I Twenty years have elapod since the Gene!:al Mseely ter.inated South Afdca's Mandate over Haaibia. Many iaportant Aas.ably ter.inated South Afdca's Mandate over Haaibia. Many ill(JOrtant resolutions and decisions have already been adopted, calling for the independence resolutions and decisions have already been acloptoc1, calling for the independence of Naaibia and for an end to the brutal and illegal occupation of that ~rritory by of Naaibia and for an end to the brutal and illegal occupation of that ~rritory by the racist r"i.. 1n South Africa. unfortunately, the situation there MS not only the racist r~ll18 In South Africa. unfortunately, the situation there MS not only failed to i.prove, but on the contrary has continued to worMn. failed to i.prove, but on the contrary has continued to worMn. '!'his has brought about the increased indignation and the strong condeanati.on '!'hIs has brought about the increased indignation and the strong condeanati.on of that 1'''1.. by progressive public opinion throughout the world and here at the of that r~i.. by progressive public opinion throughout the world and here at the United Nations as has been torne out by the debate in the special session held on United Nations as has been torne out by the debate in the special session held on Namibia and by the ..ny stat.aents made by representative. at the current ae.slon. Namibia and by the ..ny stateaents made by representative. at the current ae.sion. Pretoria pursues its cri.inal policy of defying the will of the Haaibian Pr&toria pursues its criainal policy of defying the will of the Naaibian people and international public opinion, and also of overtly rejecting the people and international public opinion, and also of overtly rejecting the resolutions, the decision. and the deaaMs of the General Allseably and the Security resolutions, the decision. and the deuMs of the General Allseably and the Security COUncil. COUncil. (Mr. Zhulati, Albania) The situation in NaMibia, as in South Africa it..lf, has been deteriorating. The situation in NaMibia, as in South Africa itself, has been deteriorating. ~ in the past, the South African racists continue to traaple upon the basic rights As in the past, the South African racists continue to traMple upon the basic rights and freedoms of the Namibian people, killing women and children, and carrying out ~nd freedoms of the Namibian people, killing women ana children, and carrying out arbitra~y arrests, detentions and tortures. arbitra~y arrests, detentions and tortures. The racist Pretoria rtSgime is a fascist rc&giae that relies solely on the use The racist Pretoria r~ime is a fascist regiae that relies solely on the use of violence and the maintenance of their forces of occupation in Namibia, equipped of violence and the maintenance of their forces of occupation in Namibia, equipped with modern weapons ready to put down with fire and sword the revolt of the with modern weapons ready to put down with fire and sword the revolt of the Namibian people. Namibian people. The Pretoria regime attempts to preserve its occupation of Namibia and its The Pretoria regime attempts to preserve its occupation of Namibia and its oppressive apparatus of the apartheid system by increasing its barbarous methods oppressive apparatus of the apartheia systeM by increasing its barbarous methods and by relentlessly and callously plundering the preciouc sub-soil and other and by relentlessly and callously plundering the preciouc sub-soil and other resources of the long-suffe~ing uamlbian people. resources of the long-suffe~ing Namlbian people. The so-called policy of constructive engageaent or quiet diplanacy of the The so-called policy of constructive engage.ent or quiet diplomacy of the United States of America towards South Africa is but their total commitment in an United States of America towards South Africa is but their total commitment in an alliance with the racists of SOuth Africa to use the. as a stronghold in their alliance with the racists of SOuth Africa to use the. as a stronghold in their attempts to achieve hegemony in Africa in rivalry with the social-imperialist attempts to achieve hegemony in Africa in rivalry with the social-imperialist Soviet Union and o~her imperialist powers. Soviet Union and o~her imperialist powers. The offers of so-called peaceful solutions presented by the united States and The offers of so-called peaceful solutions presented by the united States and the other western POWers are not aimed at finding a solution to the problem - that the other western Powers are not aimed at finding a solution to the problem - that of putting an end to the occupation and to racial discriaination ~ but rather at of putting an end to the occupation and to racial discriaination ~ but rather at directing the issue towards the blind alley of compromises and bargainse directing the issue towards the blind alley of compro.ises ana bargainse this serve. as an acceptable cover for their concrete and all-eabracing activities this serve. as an acceptable cover for their concrete and all-eabracing activities to sustain this ugly r~i.., to prolong its 11.fe and to continue the to sustain this ugly r~i.., to prolong its li.fe and to continue the neo-colonial!st exploitation of the great riches of uaDibla. NOr Is the struggle neo-colonlallst exploitation of the great riches of uaaibia. HOr is the struggle of the Naaiblan people for their national liberation helped by the advice given by of the Naaibian people for their national liberation helped by the advice given by the soviet social-imperialists that they should follow the path of reconciliation, the soviet Bocial-imperialists that they should follow the path of reconciliation, that of talks with the racist and fascist r4giae of Pretoria and its ~perialist that of talks with the racist and fascist r4gi~ of Pretoria and its ~perialist patrons. Tbe cunni~. 3 policy pursued by the illlP8l'ia11st Powers, ane! above all by patrons. Tbe cunni~·3 policy pursued by the bperialist Powers, aneS above all by the two super Powers, has further aggravated the situation in Haaibia and in the the two super Powers, has further aggravated the situation in Haaibia and in the African continent. It hall fanned anillOl!lity between African peoples as a _ane of African continent. It hall fanned anil108ity between African peopleD as a .ans of creating a favourable environaent for the attainaent of the hegemoni8tic aias of creating a favourable environaent for the attainaent of the hegemonistic alas of those Powers and facilitating the realization of the racist ane! colonialist policy those Powers and facilitating the realization of the racist and colonialist policy of the Pretoria rtigiae. of the Pretoria r4giae. The Llbanian GoYer~~~nt and people have alvay. supported the just struggle of The Llbanian Gover~~~nt and people have alvays supported the just struggle of the Namibian people aiaed at realizing their legitiaate aspirations for the Namibian people aiaed at realizing their legitiaate aspirations for independence, freedOll and social progl'eSR, and have resolutely condeaned the independence, freedOll and social progl'eSR, and have resolutely condeaned the aggressive acts of the Pretoria r6giae against neighbouring countries. Pretoria's aggressive acts of the Pretoria r6;i-e against neighbouring countries. Pretoria's repeated acts of aggression against Angola, zaabia, Zillbabwe, Botswana, Mozubique repeated acts of aggression against Angola, zaabia, Zillbabwe, Botswana, Mozubique and 80 on have aggravated the situation and have caused to the peoples of those and so on have aggravated the situation and have caused to the peoples of those countries considerable human and material 10sse8. countries considerable human and material 108se8. Like the other colonial Powers, the South African racists will not be able to Like the other colonial Powers, the South African racists will not be able to withstand and put down the struggle of the HaIlibian people to be free in their own vithatand and put down the struggle of the NaIlibian people to be free in their own country. The uaaibian people are led by their sole and legitimate representative, country. The uaaibian people are led by their 801e and legitiaate representative, the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), which has tK:en engaged in a the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), which has tK:en engaged in a difficult struggle - but a struggle which will one day end in victory - for more difficult struggle - but a struggle which will one day end in victory - for more than a quarter of a century, in its ar.ed battle for freedOM and independence. than a quarter of a century, in its ar.ed battle for freedaa and independence. The puppet clique installed in windhoek under the shadow of Pretoria's The puppet clique installed in windhoek under the shadow of Pretoria's b&yonets represents an unlawful r6gime which is completely isolated from the people. bmyonets represents an unlawful r4gi.. which is completely isolated fraa the people. (Hr:. Zhulatl, Albania) By resolutely opposing the colonialist occupation of their country, tber By resolutely opposing the coloniaUst occupation of their country, th& IlUlbian people, together with the banian people, have shown their dete1'llination IIulbian people, together with the banian people, have shown their dete1'llinatlon In the heroic struggle for their just and legitlaate cause. in the heroic struggle for their just and legitlllate cause. '!he struggle of the uaalbian people for freedOll and independence is a '!'he struggle of the Naalbian people for freedOll and independence is a continuation of the centuri.s-old struggle of the peoples of Africa against continuation of the centuri.s-old struggle of the peoples of Africa against colonialisa and racia. The African people will not tolerate for much longer that colonialis. and racia. The African people wll1 not tolerate for much longer that llallibla re.ins an ugle stain of racist savagery and colonialist oppression on the llaldbla re_ins an U91e stain of racist savagery and coloniaUst oppression on the up of their continent. up of their continent. The Albanian delegation reiterates that its Governaent and people have The Albanian delegation reiterates that its Governaent and people have re.olutely opposed the policy of racial discriaination and apartheid pursued by the reaolutely opposed the policy of racial discriaination and apartheid pursued by the racists of south Africa and is of the opinion that through its armea struggle it raeiste of SOuth Africa and is of the opinion that throU9h its armea struggle it will put an end to all attacks, plqts and intrigues of the Pretoria racists, of viiI put an end to all attacks, plqts and intrigues of the Pretoria racists, of iaperiali.. and world l'e&Ction and will win its freedom, independence and full iaperialisa and world re&Ction and will win it.s freedom, independence and full sovereignty. sovereignty. The leader of the Alb&nian people, COIIrade RaJliz Alia, pointed out at the The leader of the Albanian people, c::c.rade Raaiz Alia, pointed out at the Ninth COngress of the Party of Labour of Albania which held its proceedings early Ninth OOngress of the Party of Labour of Albania which held its proceedings early this IIOnth: this IIOnth: -Tbe Party of Labour of Albania and the People's socialist Republic of -Tbe Party of Labour of Albania and the People's SOCialist RepUblic of Albania have given and are giving resolute support to ~he just struggle of the Albania have given and are giving resolute support to ~he just struggle of the African people for national liberation, for the defence and strengthening of African people for national liberation, for the defence and strengthening of their freedca and national independence, to their struggle against racial their freeda. and national independence, to their struggle against racial discriaination and apartheid and the interference of i.perialists and discriaination and apartheid and the interference of imperialists and neo-colonialist Powers.- neo-colonialist Powers.- Hr. PARAB DIRIR (Djibouti) I The illegal occupation by SOUth Africa of Mr. PARAB DIRIR (Djibouti) I The illegal occupation by SOUth Africa of the Territory of Namibia and the denial to the Namibian people of their inalienable the Territory of Namibia and the denial to the Namibian people of their ina1ienab1. rights to self-determination and national independence, in defiance of the rights to self-determination and national independence, in defiance of the re~~l~tions of the United Nations, the organization of African unity (OA) ana the re~~l~tions of the United Nations, the organization of African unity (OA) and the Non-Aligned Movement relating to Namibia, has created an intolerable situation. Non-Aligned Movement relating to Namibia, has created an intolerable situation. The racist regime of South Africa, despite international outrage and The racist regime of South Africa, despite international outrage and condemnation, continues its occupation of and domination over the Territory of condemnation, continues its occupation of and domination over the Territory of Namibia with impunity. By intensifying its repression through increasing military Namibia with impunity. By intensifying its repression through increasing military and police brutality, the racist rtigiJle manoeuvres to subjugate the NaIIibian people and police brutality, the racist rtigi.. manoeuvres to subjugate the NaIIlbian people to a level at which it would encounter less and less opposition to its policy of to a level at which it would encounter less and less opposition to its policy of stealing and squandering the vast natural and minaral resources of the Territory stealing and squandering the vast natural and minara1 resources of the Territory for the benefit and in the interest of the small white minority and its foreign for the benefit and in the interest of the small white minority and its foreign allies. allies. When the South African racist r~ille - in an effort to achieve and consolidate When the South African racist regiae - in an effort to achieve and consolidate its colonial domination over Namibia - came up with its so-called internal its colonial domination over Namibia - came up with its so-called internal settlement policy to circumvent the United Nations plan for Naaibian independence, settlement policy to circumvent the United Nations plan for Namibian independence, the international community did not hesitate to reject it at its inception, because the international community did not hesitate to reject it at its inception, because it was obvious that that policy was intended to isolate the South West PeOple's it was obvious that that policy was intended to isolate the South west PeOple's Organization (SWAPO) and to install a puppet government that would not threaten or Organization (SWAPO) and to install a puppet government that would not threaten or oppose the apartheid system practised in the Territory. The Security COuncil, oppose the apartheid system practised in the Territory. The Security COuncil, outraged by the flagrant violatiCln of its resolutions by the racist r~i.., had to outraged by the flagrant vio1atiCln of its resolutions by the racist r~i.., had to adopt yet another resolution - resolution 566 (1985) - which, inter alia, declared adopt yet another resolution - resolution 566 (1985) - which, inter alia, declared that action to be null and void. that action to be null and void. The international community must exert every possible effort to extend the The international community must exert every possible effort to extend the necessary moral, material and financial assistance to the Naaibian people so that necessary moral, material and financial assistance to the Namibian people DO that they will be able to counter South African aggression and carry out their struggle they will be able to counter South African aggression and carry out their struggle under the wise leadership of SWAPO - their sole and authentic representative - for under the wise leadership of SWAPO - their sole and authentic representative - for genuine freedom and independence. genuine freedom and independence. (Mr. I'arab D1rir, pjibouti) (Mr. Paru 0lrir, Diibouti) !he encroachMnt of the apartheid.•yat.. ha not been liaited to Naaibian and !he encr08chMnt of the apartheid.•yat.. hu not been liaited to Naaibian and South African territory but has gone beyond their borders. !he SOUth African South African territory but has gone beyond their borders. !he South African 1'49i., using the ftrritory of NaMibia u a springboard, has re~atedly intiaidatecJ 1'49i., using the ftl'l'itory of Na.ibia u a springboard, has re,eatecUy intiaidatH and waged war against the neighbouring independent front-Une States in order to and waged war against the neighbouring independent front-line States in order to deatabilhe and dlllrupt the and to prevent the. frOll extending support to the destabilbe and dlllrupt the and to prevent the. frOll extending support to the courageous people of Naaibia. courageous people of Naaibia. The international OORaunity should denounce these acts of aggression by SOuth The International OORaunity should denounce the.. acts of aggression by SOuth Africa and exten4 adequate MOral, uterial and financial support to the front-Une Africa and extena adequate MOral, ..terial and financial support to the front-line State. to enable the. to defend the...lves against the repeatea attacks of SOuth State. to enable the. to defend tbe...lves against the repeated attacks of SOuth Africa'. arlled forces. !he international ~unity should wholeheartedly support the Naalbian people the international cc..aunity should wholeheartedly support the Naalbian people in their struggle against SOUth Africa's colonisation and in their heroic efforts in their struggle against SOUth Africa's colonisation and in their heroic effort. to resist the exploitation of their land and the rapid depletion of their natural to re.ist the exploitation of their land and the rapid depletion of their natural and Mineral resource. by south Africa and other foreign econoaic interests, in and .ineral resource. by south Africa and other foreign econoaic interests, In contravention of the relevant resolutions of tu united Nations and of DeCree Ho. ! contravention of the relevant resolutions of tu united Nations and of DeCre. No. ! for the Protection of the Natural Resources of NaMibia. for the Protection of the Natural Resources of Na.ibia. we reaffirM the legitiMaCy of the struggle of the Haaibian people against the we reaffira the legltiaacy of the struggle of the Naalbian people against the apartheid policy which, with the collaboration of foreign econoaic interests, is apartheid policy which, with the collaboration of foreign econoaic interests, is endangering the political, eco~ic and social welfare of the Namibian population. endangering the political, econoaic and eoclal welfare of the Hamibian population. We are very confident that the courageous people of Namibia, under the wise We are very confident that the courageous people of Namibia, under the wise leadership of S~PO, their sole, authentic representative, will continue to step up leadership of S~PO, their sole, authentic representative, will continue to step up their rightful struggle for self-determination and the achievement of full their rightful struggle for self-determination and the achievement of full independence. SWAPO, in its quest for freedom and national independence, has independence. SWAPO, in its quest for freedom and national independence, has always tried peaceful means for transition to majority rule and national always tried peaceful means for transition to majority rule and national independence. independence. In this regard, we reject the proposal linking Namibian independence to In this regard, we reject the proposal linking Namibian independence to extraneous and unrelated matters that have no relevance to the implementation of extraneous and unrelated matters that have no relevance to the implementation of Security Council resolution 435 (1978). We understand such linkage as outrageous Security Council resolution 435 (1978). We understand such linkage as outrageous delaying tactics that could buy time for the racist regime of South Africa to delaying tactics that could buy time for the racist regime of South Africa to exaggerate its apartheid practices, to the detriment of the defenceless Namibian exaggerate its apartheid practices, to the detriment of the defenceless Namibian people. people. We commend SWAPO's patience and readiness to sign a cease-fire agreement with We commend SWAPO's patience and readiness to sign a cease-fire agreement with t~e South African regime within the context of Security COuncil resolution t~e South African regime within the context of Security COuncil resolution 435 (1978) without pre-conditions or further delay. We believe that Security 435 (1978) without pre-conditions or further delay. We believe that Security Council resolution 435 (1978) is the only genuine basis for solutions that could Council resolution 435 (1978) is the only genuine basis for solutions that could lead to the peaceful independence of Namibia. lead to the peaceful independence of Namibia. In this connection, we support the Declaration of the International Conference In this connection, we support the Declaration of the International Conference for the Immediate Independence of Namibia, made in Vienna, Austria, in July 1986, for the Immediate Independence of Namibia, made in Vienna, Austria, in July 1986, and the Programme of Action designed to mobilize and strengthen further and the Programme of Action designed to mobilize and strengthen further international support for the immediate and unconditional implementation of international support for the immediate and unconditional implementation of Security Council resolution 435 (1978). Any other plan or strategy that deviates Security Council resolution 435 (1978). Any other plan or strategy that deviates from that of the united Nations will only increase the intransigence of South from that of the united Nations will only increase the intransigence of South Africa and encourage it to delay the process of speeding up the freedom and Africa and encourage it to delay the process of speeding up the freedom and independence of the Namibian people. independence of the Namibian people. (Mr. Parah Dirir, Djibouti) (Mr. Parah Dirir, Djibouti) It is the primary responsibility of the United Rations, which is the legal It i8 the primary responsibility of the Dnited Rations, which is the legal A4IIinistering Authority, to strive further in the search for political solutions AdIIlnistedng Authority, to strive further in the search for political solutions that could successfully enable the people of NaMibia to exercise their inalienable that could successfully enable the people of NaMibia to exercise their inalienable right to self-determination and independence, in accordance with General Assembly right to self-determination and independence, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV), of 14 December 1960. resolution 1514 (XV), of 14 December 1960. Twenty years have elapsed since South Africa's Mandate over the Territory of Twenty years have elapsed since South Africa's Mandate over the Territory of Baalbia was terminated by the adoption of United Rations General Assembly Rulbia was terminated by the adoption of united Nations General Assembly re801ution 2145 (XXI), of OCtober 1966, and the Territory was placed under the reaolution 2145 (XXI), of October 1966, and the Territory was placed under the direct responsibility of the united Nations. The Security COuncil, in its direct responsibility of the Dnited Nations. The Security Council, in its re801ution 264 (1969), declared South Africa'. occupation of Namibia illegal and reaolution 264 (1969), declared South Afdca's occupation of Nuibia illegal and called upon that r6g~ to withdraw ~late1y its administration from the called upon that r6g~ to withdra. i...alately its administration from the territor:y of Baaibia. territory of Namibia. Since that distant period of t~, the Naaibian people have passed through Since that distant period of tt.&, the HaRibisn people have passed through tragic experiences characterized by the violence and atrocities that have been tragic experiences characterized by the violence and atrocities that have been inflicted upon them by South Africa's OCCUPation forces. inflicted upon them hy South Africa's OCCUPation forces. Since that time countless resolutions and decisions have been adopted by the Since that time countless resolutions and decisions have been adopted by the Ceneltal Assembly and the Security COuncil. Many ~olemn declarations have been made General Assembly and the Secudty COuncil. Many ~olemn declarations have been made at _riy international conferences. COuntless .s8age8 and signals have been at many international conferences. COuntless .8sages and signals have been overtly or covertly addressed to the Pretoria r6l)i.. to warn it against the ominous overtly or covertly addressed to the Pretoria r6gi.. to warn it against the ominous dangers inherent in its belligerent and barbaric behaviour towards the Namibian dangers inherent in its belligerent and barbaric behaviour towards the Namibian people and the black South African majority. people and the black South African majority. It is indeed tragic to observe the racist 1'6g_, despite all these facts, It is indeed tragic to observe the racist r6gille, despite all these facts, defiantly in8isting on denying the Naaibian peeple their right to self-determinaton defiantly insisting on denying the Heaih!an peeple their right to self-determinaton ana independence. In these circu1ll8tances, the international community should ant! independence. In these circu1llStancea, the international COIllIIIunity should search for more persuasive options that could bring the South African racist r6gi_ search for more persuasive options that could bring the South African racist r4gime to its senses. to its senses. (Mr. Parab Dirir, Dilbouti) (Mr. Parab Dlrir, Dilboutl) We believe that the best option could be founcS within the doIIain of the . Security Council. "e say this beeau.. the aaintenance of internationli.l peace and We believe that the beat option could be found within the doIIaln of the . Security COUftCll. "e aay thla bee.u.. the ..inteftance of lnternationa.l peace and HCUrity is the pdury re.ponsibility of the Security Council, and we beUeve that ueurity la the pdury re.ponaibil1ty of the Security Council, and we believe that the COUncil has the capacity and the re801ve to 8CCOIIIPl18h this difficult task. ". the COUncil haa the capacity anc1 the rellClve to acCOlllPllah thi. difficult teak. ". believe that thls is the right ti.e for the Security Council to take a decision believe that this ia the right ti•• for the Security Council to take a electaion because the BeCudty and stability of the southern African region, if not the wbole because the security and atability of the southern African region, if not the wbole of Africa, are at stake. "e call upon the Security Council to shoulder, before it of Africa, are at atake. ". call upon the Security Council to aboulder, before it 18 too late, its re.ponsibility to e.tablish peace and s8Cul'ity in southem Africa is too late, its reapon.ibility to eatablish peace and security in aouthern Africa by illlPOsing against SOutb Africa COIIPre~~nsive unaatol'Y sanctions under Chapter by illlPOsing against SOuth Africa COIIpre~~naive _ndatory sanctions under Chapter vu of the United Rations Charter, including an ar_ eJllbargo, an oil ellbargo, VU of the United Rations Charter, inclu.c1ing an arll8 elllbargo, an oil ellbargo, ecom.ic sanctions and other suitable _ans in accordance with the relevant United econa.ic s.nction. and other auitable _ans in accordance with the relevant United Nations resolutions. Only through the application of sanctions under the Charter Nations re801ution.. Only through the application of sanctions under the Charter can the SCuth African racist rfglM be COIIP8l1ed to accept tbe relevant united can the SOuth African racist r6glM be COIIP811ecJ to accept tbe relevant United Rations l'eEOlutlons on "uibia. Nations reEOlutlona on "uibia. Before I conclude, I should like to congratulate the -..bel'S of the United Before I conclude, I should like to congratulate the -..bel'S of the United Rations COuncil for Buibia and their President, AIlbassador zu.. of lobla, on the Rationa COuncil for Uuibi. ane! theiE PE.sident, AIlbasaacJor ZU" of lubla, on the COI!Iprehensive report they have so ably repre..nte4 to the Assellbly. I ea-end COIIpEehensive report they have 80 ably represented to the A8sellbly. I ea-end their tireles. efforts in 80bllizing concerte4 internationl action to prQDOte tbe their tirele.s efforts in 80bllising concerted internationl action to prODOte the "..lbian eau.. and to bring an end to the illegal occupation of Bulbia by Soutb Rulbian cause and to bring an end to the illegal occupation of Bulbia by Soutb Africa. Africa. Mr. OSMM (Soaalia) 11 Por uny yeaI'll the auestion of BUibia has been in ME'. OSMM (S0II81ia) I Por uny yeara the cruestion of Huibia has been in the forefront of the agenda of the United Rations General AaM.ly. Tbe current· the forefront of the agenda of the United Ratione General A...llbly. Tbe current· staleaate clearly indicates a sad lack of political will to discharge the tk:z14 ataleaate clearly indicatea a sad lack of political wUl to discharge the ~%ld bo4y's 4ir8Ct responsibility for Buibia's independence.. body'a direct responsibility for Buibi.'a independence,. (Mr. Osaan, Sa.alia) (Hr. 08118n, Soulia) I .. sure that it wou14 have been untbinkabl$ to tbe representatives at the J .. sure that it would have been untbinkabl$ to the representatives at the f1l:st s.s810n of tbe General As-.bly that, after four decades of debate and firat aes810n of the General Aa-.bly that, after four decades of debate and several international conferences and special sessions, tbe Territory tben known as several international conference. and special sessions, the Territory then known as South W.st Africa would r...ln one of tbe last to be liberated from colonial rule. South West Africa would r...ln one of the last to be liberated from colonial rule. As it is, while we resort to debate, SOuth Africa continues its illegal occupation As it is, wbile we resort to debate, SOuth Africa continues its 111egal occupation of "aaibia, in defAanee of decisions of the I~ ~rnational court of Justice and in of Ruibia, in def...nee of decisions of the Ir- ,~rnational Court of Justice and in flagrant violation of Security O)uncil resoluti\Jft 435 (1978), wbicb established tbe flagrant violation of security O)uncil resoluti\o4l 435 (1978), which established the sole legal basis for ftuibia' s lnc!epe~ence. sole legal baaia for Ruibla' a lncJepeft«ence. Regrettably, over tbe years tbe united Rations has allowed itself to be Regrettably, over the years the Unitec! Rations has allowed itself to be aanoeuvre4 into inaction .s a result of Soutb Africa'S intransigence, aacbinations aanoeuvrecJ into inaction .s a result of South Africa's intransigence, aachinations ana bad faith. .. are _tlog once again because of our sedous concern over an ana bad faith. .. are ..tlng once again because of our serious concern over an lapa.e the existence of which detracts frOll thfJ authority and crecUbility of the lapaae the existence of which detracts frOll thfJ authority anti credibility of the united Rations. 8O'ftftr, we 1IUat keep in aind tbat this situation is, above all, a united Rations. Bowe_r, we aust keep in aind that this situation is, above all, a great tragedy for the Ruibian people. They would prefer to live in peace, but as great tragedy for the ....ibiu ptIOple. They would prefer to live in peace, but as proud and free4Oll-1oving peeple tbey bave no alternative but to continue tbeir long proud and freecSoll-loving peeple they have no alternative but to continue their: long and painful struggle under tbe courageous leadersbip of their sole and legitimate and painful struggle under the courageous leadership of tbeir sole ana legitimate representative, the SOuth West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO). representative, the SOuth West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO). A great ..ny Member States, including BOIIe of the most powerful, achieved A great any N""r States, including 80IIe of the IIOst powerfUl, achieved their freecJOII, indepenaence and national identity tbrough armed struggle against their freecJOII, independence and national identity through armed struggle against colonial ana other types of oppression. Consequently there sbould be the widest colonial and other types of oppression. Conse~ently there should be the widest syapathy for the legltlute ari184 struggle of the Ruibian S't>'OPle, and they abould syapatby for tbe legiti..t. ari184 struggle of the Ruibian pt.'OPle, and tbey abould be supported by all possible ..ans as they strive for: freedoll feCIt colonial and be supported by all possible Mans 8S they strive for freedoll f~om colonial and racist oppression. racist oppression. (Ml'. Osman, Somalia) (Ml'. Osman, SoIIIalia) 'l'be nature of the tyranny under which they suffer flUst not be overlooked or 'l'be nature of the tyranny under which they suffer flUst not be overlooked or forgotten. Namibians, as well as the!r brothers in South Africa, are subjected to forgotten. Namibians, as well as their brothers in South Africa, are subjected to the indignity of an apartheid system which denies them basic human rights and the indignity of an apartheid system which denies them basic human rights and causes widespread deprivation and poverty. Harsh political repression is causes widespread deprivation and poverty. Harsh political repression is heightened by the intimidating presence ot a pervasive occupation force. National heightened by the intimidating presence ot a pervasive occupation force. National unity and solidarity are attacked by divisive policies, such as the designation of unity and solidarity are attacked by divisive policies, such as the designation of tribal homelands, the recruitment of tribal armies and the conscription of tribal homelands, the recruitment of tribal armies and the conscription of Namibians to fight against their brothers in the freedom struggle. SOuth Africa's Namibians to fight against their brothers in the freedom struggle. SOuth Africa's callous disregard for the present needs and future interests of the Namibian people callous disregard for the present needs and future interests of the Namibian people is further illustrated by its ruthless plunder of Namibia's natural resources, in is further illustrated by its ruthless plunder of Namibia's natural resources, in collusion with foreign corporations and interests, and by its arrogant and illegal collusion with foreign corporations and interests, and by its arrogant and illegal decision to annex'Walvis Bay and the offshore islands. decision to annex'Walvis Bay and the offshore islands. It is imperative that this forty-first General Assembly session should give a It is imperative that this forty-first General Assembly session should give a new impetus to efforts to ~lement Namibia's independence. POrtunately, our new impetus to efforts to ~lement Namibia's independence. POrtunately, our purpose is supported by a rising tide of public opinion around the world which purpose is supported by a rising tide of public opinion around the world which supports the liberation struggle in Namibia and SOuth Africa and which calls for supports the liberation struggle in Namibia and SOuth Africa and which calls for the total isolation of the Pretoria regime. I strongly hope that the voice of the the total isolation of the Pretoria regime. I strongly hope that the voice of the people at the grassroots level will be heard by the leaders of countries which people at the grassroots level will be heard by the leaders of countries which continue to provide econo.ic, financial, political, military and nuclear assistance continue to provide econoaic, financial, political, military and nuclear assistance to SOuth Africa. to SOuth Africa. The most important requirement now for ending the Namibian stalemate is The most important requirement now for ending the Namibian stalemate is undoubtedly strong and eff~tive leadership by the Security COUncil. My Government undoubtedly strong and eff~tive leadership by the Security COUncil. My Government has welcomed time and again the Oouncil's condemnation of SOuth Africa's attempts has welcomed time and again the COuncil's condemnation of SOuth Africa's attempt. to bring about a neo-oolonial solution through puppet r&gimes. We also welcomed to bring about a neo-oolonlal solution through puppet r&9illes. We also welcomed th$ Oouncil's rejection of any linkage between the implementation of the united th$ COuncil's rejection of any linkage between the implementation of the United Nationa plan for Na.ibia's indeP9nden~e and extraneous issues. HOWever, the Nationa plan for Naaibia's indeP9nden~e and extraneous issues. HOWever, the Council has failed to make good its many threats to take ac:tion under the Charter Council has failed to make good its many threats to take action under the Charter because of South Africa's non-eollpliance with resolution 435 (1918). The apparent because of South Africa's non-eompliance with resolution 435 (1978). The apparent paralysis of the Security Council has encouraged South Africa in its intransigence, paralysis of the Security Council has encouraged South Africa in its intransigence, and the vetoing of llOderate proposals for selective sanctions has given comfort and and the vetoing of -aderate proposals for selective sanctions has given comfort and support to the Pretoria regime. support to the Pretoria regime. My Government welcomes the efforts of Governments with significant economic My Government welcomes the efforts of Governments with significant economic and financial links to South Africa to break or reduce their ties with tlv.lt and financial links to South Africa to break or reduce their ties with t~t country, but we believe that their efforts do not go far enough. We strongly country, but we believe that their efforts do not go far enough. We strongly support the international consensus which calls for the imposition of comprehensive support the international consensus which calls for the imposition of comprehensive and Rl8ndatorl' economic sanctions against SOuth Africa. '!'his is the only effective and JIlBndatorl' econolllic sanctions against SOuth Africa. This is the only effective but peaceful measure available to the united Nations. but peaceful measure available to the united Nations. The imposition of such sanctions is eminently justified on a number of The imposition of such sanctions is eminently justified on a number of counts. It has long been established that South Africa's apartheid policies counts. It has long been established that South Africa's apartheid policies constitute a crime against humanity and a threat to peace. TOday we are seeing the constitute a crime against humanity and a threat to peace. TOday we are seeing the steady escalation of tension, conflict, violence and bloodshed in the southern steady escalation of tension, conflict, violence and bloodshed in the southern African region as a result of the racist and colonial policies of the Pretoria African region as a result of the racist and colonial policies of the Pretoria r&gi-e. More specifically, the Security Council itself has judged that South r6gi-e. More specifically, the Security Council itself has judged that south Africa's continued occupation of Namibia is an act of aggression against the Africa's continued occupation of Namibia is an act of aggression against the Naaibian people. If any further reason for punitive measures under Chapter VII of Naaibian people. If any further reason for punitive measures under Chapter VII of the Charter were needed, South Africa's acts of military aggression, occupation and the Charter were needed, SOuth Africa's acts of military aggression, occupation and subversion directed against Angola and other front-line States have clearly been subversion directed against Angola and other front-line States have clearly been intolerable breaches of regional and international peace and security. intolerable breaches of regional and international peace ana security. It has been claimed that sanctions would bring the greatest harm to the It has been claimed that sanctions would bring the greatest harm to the oppressed people of Namibia and SOuth Africa, and that in any case sanctions would oppressed people of Namibia and SOuth Africa, and that in any case sanctions would not be effective. I believe that both of these claims have been discredited. The not be effective. I believe that both of these claims have been discredited. The authentic leaders of the people of southern Africa have pointed out that the authentic leaders of the people of southern Africa have pointed out that the (Hr. OB.an, Somalia) possible hardships of sanctions, accompanied by the hope of liberation, would be possible hardships of sanctions, accompanied by the hope of liberation, would be highli'~referable to the reality of steadily escalating oppression, violence and "'. conflict. highly 'I?referable to the reality of steadily escalating oppression, violence and "'. conflict. If mandatory and comprehensive econoaic sanctions are adopted it would If mandatory and comprehensive econaaic sanctions are adopted it would certainly be necessary for strong support to be given to the front-line States, certainly be necessary for strong support to be given to the front-line states, which are already the victims of economic preasure and terrorist aggression, as which are already the victims of economic preasure and terrorist aggression, as they continue their courageous support for the liberation struggles in southern they continue their courageous support for the liberation struggles in southern Africa. We hope that all sections of the international co_unity will support Africa. We hope that all sections of the international co_unity will support initiatives in this regard already begun by the non-aligned group of QOuntries. initiatives in this regard already begun by the non-aligned group of countries. With regard to the effectiveness of sanctions, it is apparent that even the With regard to the effectiveness of sanctions, it is apparent that even the limited economic and financial pressures recently directed against South Africa limited economic and financial pressures recently directed against South Africa have brought about developlllents that could not have been envisaged a short time bave brought about developlllents that could not have been envisaged a short time ago. It is certainly reasonable to believe that stronger .easures backed by wider ago. It is certainly reasonable to believe that stronger .aasures backed by wider international support would be even more effective. international support would be even more effective. No political issue before the united Nations has been governed by more No political issue before the united Nations has been governed by .ore specific directives or earned a stronger international consensus on the means for specific directives or earned a stronger international consensus on the means for its resolution than has the question of Namibia's independence. It is clearly the its resolution than has the question of Hamibia's independence. It is clearly the duty of the S~urity COuncil to take effective action to rellOVe a serious threat to duty of the Security COuncil to take effective action to remove a serious threat to international peace and security, to bring an end to th~ long agony of the Na.ibia~ international peace and security, to bring an end to th~ long agony of the Na.ibla~ people and to discharge the responsibility of the United Nations for Naaibia's people and to discharge the responsibility of the United Nations for Naaibia's independence. We hope that all the members of the COUncil will co-operate closely independence. We hope that all the members of the COUncil will co-operate closely and positively with efforts to ensure for Namibia a steady, orderly and peaceful and positively with efforts to ensure for Namibia a steady, orderly and peaceful 7 . transfer from colonial rule to independent and sovereign status. 7 . transfer from colonial rule to independent and sovereign status. •• 1IIJBWAIIWJB (Sri Lanka) I '!'be General AsHllbly ls once again going Mr. IIIJIIIAIIWIB (Sri Lanka) I 'lbe General MHJlbly i. once again going through ita annual. .erei.. of 4illCussing the question of ..aibia. Ii: wu only tho through ita annual oxerci.. of diacu••lng the qu••Ucn of Haaibla. It wu only tho other day that the AlJHJlbly beld .its fourteenth special ses.ion, Oft the ..e other day tbat tbe as"'ly beld' its fourteenth epecla1 ••ssion. on the ..e question. the fourtHnth .pecial ....lon of the General MSellbly, _rked 20 year. quesClon. the fourteenth special ..s.ton of the General AUe1lb1y...rked 20 year. of fallure. of fallure. It •• by re801utlo!l 21/45 (XXI) that the General AIIsellbly, ai: its It wa. by reaolutio!l 21/.5 (XXI) that the General Ass.llbly, at its tvnty-flr.t.••••ion, terainate4 the Mandate of, SOUth Africa over Nalliibla anll! twaty-fbat.••s.lon, terunated the Mandate of, SOUtb Africa over Haaibla ana placed tbe ftrrU:ocy _er the direct responsibility of the united Nations. Since plced the 'l'errU:ory under the dlceot responsibility of the united Rations. Since then this AU4tllbly bu continued ita efforts to allsisi: the people of Haaibia untler then this An..1y ha continued ita effort. to assist the people of .aibia under the leaclerllbip of the soutb ...t Africa People's organisation (SWAPO) to .erei.e the lea4ersbip of the South ....t Africa People'. Organisation (SWAPO) to .erciDe their: right to eelf-deterainatlon, freecJca ar.4 national independence. their right to eelf-deteraination, fr~ and national independence. " Despite the efforts of the General Assellbly and notwithstanding the Despite the efforts of the General Aesellbly and notwithstanding the resolutions of the Security Council, particularly resolution 435 (1978), SOuth resolutions of the Security Council, particularly resolution 435 (1978), South Africa continues its illegal ac1llinisuation of NaJlibia. The United Nations has Africa continues its illegal ac1llinisuation of Nnibia. The United Nations has evolved a plan of elction for the independence of Namibia. We have accepted that evolved a plan of elction for the independence of Na_ibia. We have accepted that plan as the only basis for a peaceful settleaent of the NaDlibian problem. plan as the only basis for a peaceful setUe_nt of the Namibian problem. Notwithstanding all these good intentions, SOuth Africa, as I said earlier, Notwithstanding all these good intentions, SOuth Africa, as I said earlier, continues its illegal occupation of Namibia. Perhapc the reason for its ille;gal continues its illegal occupation of Namibia. Perhape the reason for its illegal occupation is that Pretoria has got wrong signals froll the deliberations of the occupation is that Pretoria has got wrong signals froll the deliberations of the Assembly and of the security Council. south Africa maintains over 100,000 troops Assembly and of the security Council. south Africa aaint:ains over 100,000 troops in Namibia in its brutal attempt to plunder Namibia, which is massively endowed in Namibia in its brutal attempt to plunder Namibia, which is massively endowed with natural resources. In this unashamed exploitation it has sought to take with natural resources. In this unashamed exploitation it has sought to take refuge in many pretexts, the most obnoxious of which is the deliberate linkage refuge in many pretexts, the most obnoxious of which is the deliberate linkage beltween the pres~nce of Cuban troops in Angola and Namibian independence. That beltween the pres~nce of Cuban troops in Angola and Nallibian independence. That argument by the racist regime of Pretoria, which links the independence plan to the argument by the racist regime of Pretoria, which links the independence plan to the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola, has been rejected by enlightened thinking. withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola, has been rejected by enlightened thinking. The world has seen through the undercover escalation by the SOuth African regime in The world has seen through the undercover escalation by the SOuth Afr iean regime in order to retain control over Namibia. As is customary, it has bolstered its claim order to retain control over Namibia. As is customary, it has bolstered its claim over that country by hoisting a puppet regiE euphemistically referred to as the over that country by hoisting a puppet regi.e euphemistically referred to as the wProvisional Government of Windhoekw• Its Constitution and formulation do not lend -Provisional Government of Windhoek-. Its Constitution and formulation do not lend it either credibility or legitimacy. This puppet regime has attempted to it either credibility or legitimacy. This puppet regime has attempted to infiltrate the international scene by opening so-called Information Offices infiltrate the international scene by opening so-called Information Offices abroad. From these Information Offices SOuth Africa plans to disseminate abroad. Prom these Information Offices South Africa plans to disseminate disinformation in the capitals of the world in an attempt to seek credibility for a disinformation in the capitals of the world in an attempt to seek credibility for a wholly unrepresentative regime. Wholly unrepresentative regime. The SOuth African Government has also very shrewdly sought to introduce an The SOuth African Government has also very shrewdly sought to introduce an element of great-Power rivalry into southern Africa for its own selfish gains. element of great-Power rivalry into southern Africa for its own selfish gains. (Mr. Wijewardane, Sri Lanka) (Hr. Wi;JewarcJane, Sri Lanka) 1ihile it continues its propaganda and disinforlllatim abroad, the Pretoria r~i_ While it continues its propaganda and disinforuUm abroad, the Pretoria r~i_ continues to inflict within the ~rritory and outside it brutally repre.sive continues to inflict within the ~rritory and outside it brutally repre••ive measures against the Ha.iblan people and their i...aiate neighbour., particularly measures against the Namibian peopl~ and their iameaiate neighbours, particularly Angola. South Africa not only is illegally enriching itself by its illegitill4te Angola. South Africa not only is illegally enriching itself by it. illegiUlI4te occupation of NamibiaLl but is using that unfortunate country as a springboard for occupation of Namibia, but is using that unfortunate country as a springboard for terrorizing the front-line States on the pretext that they harbour dis.ident groups terrorizing the front-line States on the pretext that they harbour di.sident groups within their territories. 'lbe atteapts by the South African r~i_ to hide behind within their territories. 'lbe atteapts by the South African r~i_ to hide behind a facade of responsibility and respectability have been seen through at the a facade of responsibility and respectability have been seen through at the international level. Member States have assessed these elai.. iapartlally and have international level. Member States have assessed these clai.. i~rtially and have condemned SOuth Africa's patent attempts to escalate violence and bloodshed within condemned SOuth Africa's patent attempts to escalate violence and bloodshed within and beyond Namibian borders, all to serve its selfish aims. and beyond Namibian borders, all to serve its selfish aims. It is in that context that we welcome international agitation against It is in that context that w welcome international agitation against apartheid. The Seminar on WCrld Action for the ~iate Independence of Na.i~:a, apartheid. The Seminar on WOrld Action for the ~iate Independence of Na.l~:a, held at Valletta from 19 to 23 May 1986, and the International COnference for the htild at Valletta from 19 to 23 May 1986, and the International COnference for the Immediate Independence of Na.ibia, held at Vienna from 7 to 11 July 1986, have had Immediate Independence of Namibia, held at Vienna froll 7 to 11 July 1986, have had overwhelming support. The international community is clearly impatient with the overwhelming support. The international community is clearly impatient with the gross intransigence with Which South Africa deals with the iapleRentation of gross intransigence with which South Africa deals with the implementation of resolutions on Namibia and continues its stranglehold and illegal occupation of resolutions on Namibia and continues its stranglehold and illegal occupation of that '!'err!tory. that Territory. It is no wonder that the brave people of Namibia, under the flag of the south It is no wonder that the brave people of Namibia, under the flag of the SOuth West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), their national liberation movement, West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), their national liberation movement, continUG to reaist the illecJal regime of South Africa, battling againllt its continuQ to reaist the illegal regime of South Africa, battling against its inhumanity. Twenty years after the United Nations resolution, we are back to inhumanity. TWenty years after the United Nations resolution, we are back to square one. Nam1.bia it3 an illegally occupied Territory yet to be d.colonized, ancl square one. Nalll1Lbia f.~an illegally occupied Territory yet to be decolonhe4, and the great sweeps to liberate colonized people and to assure them their right to the great sweeps to liberate colonized people and to assure them their right to self-determination have still not touched the Territory of Namibia• self-determination have still not touched the Territory of Namibia• (Mr. Ni;iewardane, Sri Lanka) (Mr. Wijewardane, Sri Lanka) Namibia produces a wealth of resources that South Africa is exploiting and Namibia produces a wealth of resources that South Africa is exploiting and IIlarketing on the international scene. The report of the Council on Namibia urketing on the international seene. The report of the Council on Namibia indicates the extent to which foreign economic interests exploit the Territory's indicates the extent to which foreign economic interests exploit the Territory's resources. A study by the British Council of Churches and the Catholic Institute resources. A study by the British Council of Churches and the Catholic Institute of International Relations shows that as IlUch as 60 per cent of Namibia's gross of International Relations shows that as mch as GO per cent of Namibia's gros8 domestic product is rePatriated abroad as company profits, with a large portion of domestic product is rePatriated abroad as company profits, with a large portion of the remaining 40 per cent being used as operating expenses for foreign economic the remaining 40 per cent being used as operating expenses for foreign economic interests in the Territory. White per-capita income is approximately 3,000 Rand, interests in the Territory. White per-capita income is approxill2ltely 3,000 Rand, while the corresponding figure for the black population is around 125 Rand - a while the corresponding figure for the black population is around 125 Rand - a ratio of 24 to 1. ratio of 24 to 1. Given those circumstances, it is no wonder that Pretoria continues its Given those circumstances, it is no wonder that Pretoria continues its stanglehold on that unfortunate country. The international coMunity has to ake stanglehold on that unfortunate country. The international coMunity has to I18ke one final effort to free Namibia. My delegation firmly holds the view that the one final effort to free Namibia. My delegation firmly holds the view that the need of the hour is political will. Countries that to date have not viewed the need of the hour is political will. Countries that to date have not viewed the illegal occupation of Nalllibia as a denial of the rights of the Namibian people, as illegal occupation of Nallibia as a denial of the rights of the Namibian people, as usurpation of the birthright of a nation by a small racist clique hell-bent on usurpation of the birthright of a nation by a small racist clique hell-bent on converting the riches of that country to unlawful and illegal glllins, must re_lIber converting the riches of that country to unlawful and illegal 9l1!ins, must re_lIber their professions to abide by the Charter of the United Nations. SanctionD by their professions to abide by the Charter of the United Nations. sanctionD by themselves will still be defeatable unless and until the security Council firmly themselves will still be defeatable unless and until the security Council firmly lends its prestige and strength to the implementation of an appropriately worded lends its prestige and strength to the implementation of an appropriately worded re&,;>lution. In the illlPleDll!ntation of such a resolution the entire international re&':»lution. In the illlPleJll!ntation of such a resolution the entire international co_unity IIUSt show firm resolve, committing itself to cherish the concept of co_unity lIust shOlf firm resolve, committing itself to cherish the concept of independence, liberty and freedom for all Namibian people - as it 8urely IIUSt under independence, liberty and freedom for all Namibian people - as it surely must under the united Nations Charter. the united Nations Charter. (Mr. Wijewardane, Sri Lanka) (Mr. Wijewardane, Sri Lanka) We seem to be far away from such a :esolution. The need of the hour is for We seem to be far away from such a :esolution. The need of the hour is for lobbying in the halls of power where legislators wield political clout and lobbying in the halls of power where legislators wield political clout and influence, so that the aspirations of the denied and deprived people of Namibia can influence, so that the aspirations of the denied and deprived people of Namibia can be heard At the decision-making level. Let the cry to banish apartheid ring loud be heard at the decision-making level. Let the cry to banish apartheid ring loud and clear so that with the end of that obnoxious system the decolonization of and clear so that with the end of that obnoxious system the decoloni~ation of Namibia will become yet another achievement of the General Assembly. Namibia will become yet another achievement of the General Assembly. Mr. THOMPSON (Fiji) I The views of my delegation on the question of Mr. THOMPSON (Fiji) I The views of my delegation on the question of Namibia were stated at the f.ourteenth special session of the Gene~al Assembly, only Namibia were stated at the f.ourteenth special session of the Gene~.al Assembly, only two months ago. Let me use this opportunity to restate briefly Fiji's position on two months ago. Let me use this opportunity to restate briefly Fiji's position on what is undoubt~dly the most difficult and in~ractable of all the decolonization what is undoubt~dly the most difficult and in~ractable of all the decolonization issues confronting the world community today. issues confronting the world community today. We are part of the international unanimity on the immediate independence of We are part of the international unanimity on the immediate independence of Namibia, in accordance with security Council resolution 435 (1978), which still Namibia, in accordance with Security Council resolution 435 (1978), which still constitutes the only legitimate and viable basis for Namibia's independence. constitutes the only legitimate and viable basis for Namibia's independence. Unfortunately, despite that unanimity the international community remains impotent Unfortunately, despite that unanimity the international community remains impotent in the face of SOuth Africa's adamant refusal to implement the plan. We deplore in the face of South Africa's adamant refusal to implement the plan. We deplore the continuing resort to the linking of extraneous and irrelevant factors to the continuing resort to the linking of extraneous and irrelevant factors to independence as an excuse for not taking action. independence as an excuse for not ta~ing action. We share the almost total support for comprehensive and mandatory economic We share the almost total support for comprehensive and mandatory economic sanctions against South Africa as the most effective peaceful means to induce that sanctions against South Africa as the most effective peaceful means to induce that country to comply with the wishes of the intern5t~onal community and to terminate country to comply with the wishes of the internattonal community and to terminate its illegal occupation of Namibia. However, we are encouraged to note the progress its illegal occupation of Namibia. However, we are encouraged to note the progress evidenced recently by the agreement of COmmonwealth countries to impose further evidenced recently by the agreement of COmmonwealth countries to impose further sanctions, by the Buropean community's decision to implement a number of measures sanctions, by the European community's decision to implement a number of measures and by the landmark decision of the United States Congress. The momentum of these and by the landmark decision of the United States Congress. The momentum of these measures must be __intainec1 and strengthened. Political isolation of South Africa measures must be __intainec1 and strengthened. Political isolation of South Africa has not been sufficien.t to induce the changes we all seek. It must now be has not been sufficien.t to induce the changes we all seek. It must now be complemented and reinforced by the concerted application of effective economic complemented and reinforced by the concerted application of effective economic sanctions. sanctions. (Mr. Thompson, Fiji) (Mr. Thompson, Fiji) Much firmer measures are now long overdue. The small handful of countries Much firmer measures are now long overdue. The small handful of countries which have the leverage to make South Africa take what is clearly the right course which have the leverage to make South Africa take what is clearly the right course should replace rhetoric by positive and meaningful action. ~r two decades the sbould replace rhetoric by positive and meaningful action. Por two decades the rest of the world has pressed for it. When will the few be moved enough to heed rest of the world has pressed for it. When will the few be moved enough to heed the anguish of the suffering people of Namibia? the anguish of the suffering people of Namibia? We fear that, sadly, the intensifying cycle of repression, brutality and We fear that, sadly, the intensifying cycle of repression, brutality and violence will, if left unchecked for much longer, spread its destabilizing violence will, if left unchecked for much longer, spread its destabilizing influence well beyond the borders of southern Africa. That would spell tragedy for influence well beyond the borders of southern Africa. That would spell tragedy for us all. This we recognize, remote as we are in the heart of the Pacific Ocean. We us all. This we recognize, remote as we are in the heart of the Pacific Ocean. We must act collectively, and act now, to prevent what would otherwise become an must act collectively, and act now, to prevent what would otherwise become an inevitable and horrible reality. inevitable and horrible reality. ~en now it is not too late for South Africa to abandon the path of ~en now it is not too late for South Africa to abandon the path of confrontation and intransigence and move to implement Security Council resolution confrontation and intransigence and move to implement Security Council resolution 435 (1978), on Namibia. There is a reservoir of concerned people in South Africa, 435 (1978), on Namibia. There is a reservoir of concerned people in South Africa, who must come forward to help avoid what can only be very tragic consequences. who must come forward to help avoid what can only be very tragic consequences. My delegation congratulates the Secretary-General on his initiative and his My delegation congratulates the Secretary-General on his initiative and his untiring and dedicated efforts in the search for a solution to the Namibian untiring and dedicated efforts in the search for a solution to the Namibian problem. He must be given every support. problem. He must be given every support.

We have heard the last speaker for this morning. The

We have heard the last speaker for this morning. The Assembly will take a decision on the draft resolutions contained in document Assembly will take a decision on the draft resolutions contained in document A/4l/24 (Part 11 and Corr.l), chapter I, at a subsequent meeting, to be announced A/4l/24 (Part 11 and Corr.l), chapter I, at a subsequent meeting, to be announced in the Journal. in the Journal. The meeting rose at 1.10 p.m. The meeting rose at 1.10 p.m.