S/PV.1143 Security Council

In accordance with the decision taken at our las t meeting 1 shall invite the representatives of Cyprus, Greece and Turkey ta take a seat at the Council table. 1. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l’anglais): Conformement & la décision prise à notre derniere seance, j’invite les représentants de la Turquie, de la Grece et de Chypre a prendre place a la table du Conseil. At the invitation of the President, Mr. Orhan Eralp (Turkey), Mr. Dimitri S. Bitsios (Greece) and Mr. Zenon Ros&?es (Cyprus) took places at the Council table. Sur l’invitation (Turquie), M. Dimitri S. Bitsios (Grèce) et M. Zenon Rossides (Chypre) prennent place à la table du Conseil.

1 cal1 on the Secretary-General who has indicated his desire to make a statement. 2. Le PRESIDENT (traduit de I’anglais): Je donne la parole au Secr&aire désir de faire une declaration. 3. Le SECRETAIRE Pour donner suite à la demande que vous, Monsieur le Président, avez faite a la fin de la séance d’hier soir, un rapport sur les combats qui ont lieu actuellement a Chypre est prepare de toute urgence et 3, The SECRETARY-GENERAL: In response to the request made in the Council by you, Mr. President, at the end of last night’s meeting a report on the current fighting in Cyprus is being urgently compiled, and will be ciroulated among the members of the

The representative of the Ivory Coast has asked for the floor on apoint of order. 1 now cal1 on him.

I apologize for interrupting the normal course of the debate by raising a point of order. But in the light of the information reaching us the situation appears extremely grave. The events which prompted the urgent meeting of the Security Counoil have not only been confirmed by the parties, but seem to be continuing this very morning. 7. There is no doubt that some delegations, like my own, are waiting, before taking a position in this debate, until they have a report on these events from the authorities designated by the Council, who are in Cyprus and are responsible for the maintenance of order. That report would be extremely useful for an understanding of the complex events taking place in Cyprus. Fortunately, the Secretary-General informs us that we shall have it tomorrow. 8. Meanwhile, the events continue, men are dying, and oonsequently the Council’s hesitations since yesterday merely make the atmosphere more heavily oharged and encourage certain moves. 9. It is not our intention to create a precedent: the Council, in similar circumstsnces, has always been able to meet its responsibilities-I am thinking of events such as those which took place in Panama anci in Cuba, when the Council was able to take provisional measures pending the final decisionwhichwas to close the debate. 10. 1 appeal to a11 members of the Council, in view of the gravity of the circumstances and because time is passing and men are dying, to assume their responsibilities, 11. Mr. President, as in the case of Panama, we ask you with one voice to make an immediate appeal to Turkey to put an end fosthwith to the bombardment of Cyprus and suspend a11 military measures against Cyprus, and to cal1 on the Government of Cyprus at once to order an immediate cesse-fire pending the adoption by the Council of a final decision on the matter which brought this meeting together. 12. Accordingly, Ms. President, before we proceed with our debate, 1 formally propose that you issue the appeal1 have just suggested. 14. I request the representatives of Cyprus and Turkey, being present here, to see to it that this appeal is immediately transmitted to their respective Governments, and 1 shall arrange to have the Secretariat in the same manner transmit the appeal in my name. 14. Je la Turquie sorte que cet appel soit transmis leurs gouvernemehts sitions transmette ft was SO decided. II en est ainsi 15, Mr. ERALP (Turkey): 1 have only one word to say and it is a word of thanks to the representative of the Ivory Coast. The purpose of our appealing to the Security Council was just to put an end to the aggression against the Turks of Cyprus, and we view the appeal on behalf of yourself, Mr. President, which was instigated by a suggestion of the representative of the Ivory Coast, as a constructive measure. 1 shall have great pleasure in conveying it to my Government immediately. 1 cari only hope that the Government of Cyprus Will heed it. 15. M. n’ai qu’un mot & dire ciement de ndtre ment d’obtenir Turcs lance en votre suite de la suggestion d’ivoire, avec un grand tement le Gouvernement

1 now cal1 on the representa- 16. Le PRESIDENT tive of Cyprus. maintenant

1 Will now yield thc floor to the representative of Greece who wishes to give some information to the Council, and I Will follow after him. 17. M. Je cède Gr&ce au Conseil 18. Le mande au reprasentant de parler orateur parole sur une autre

May I ask the representative of Greece if he wants to speak on the substance of the item as the first speaker on the list, or is it on a different matter that the representative of Greece would like to speak now? 19. Mr. BITSIOS (Greece) 1 expect to t&e my turn in due time as being the first speaker inscribed on your list, Mr. President. 19. M. demande 3. prendre puisque liste.

1 now cal1 on the representatiVe of Greece, who is the first speaker on my list. 20. Le PRESIDENT maintenant premier 21. M. BITSIOS d’hier aux membres turque chypriote parce qu’elle par le PrBsident parce trois heures action aurait des victimes Chypre.

At our meeting yesterday [ 1142nd meeting] I attempted to prove to members of the Council that the attack by the Turkish Air Force against the territory of Cyprus and the Cypriot population was premeditated and deliberate; premeditated, because the President of the Turkish Flepublic had alresdy announced it on 28 July; deliberate, because the reason given to my Government only three hours before was that such an action would take place only if there were casualties among the Turkish Cypriot population on Cyprus. Yet there were no casualties. 22. La& night the Council discussed the matter, and, towards the end of the meeting, the Turkish repre- 22. Hier de la seance, 23. For the information of the Turkish representative, who has just expressed his satisfaction, 1 must add that on the Greek Cypriot side a11 hostility came to an end last night at nine o’clock, Cyprus time, that is at 3 p.m., New York time. Since then, net one shot has been fired from the Greek Cypriot side. Despite this fact, Turkish aircraft, as I have just Stated, returned to Cyprus today and Greek Cypriots are being fired on from the Turkish Cypriot side. 24. I added yesterday that Iwasvery muohafraid that the Turkish Government had thus far failed to see what the texts designed to spare its feelings had been intended to indicate to it-namely, that any unilateral military action taken without the consent of the Security Council is condem.ned by the Charter of the United Nations. It seems to me that after this morning’s events the time has corne to have done with these formulas designed to spare the feelings of the Turkish Government. 25. Clearly conscious of our responsibility and on the instructions of my Government, 1 must now state that if the appeal just addressed by the Council to Turkey bears no fruit, and if the action of the Turkish Air Force continues beyond three o’clock this afternoon, New York time, Greece Will assist Cyprus with its air force and with every military means at its disposal. It is now for the Council to speak.

The situation in Cyprus is still graver today than yesterday. Indeed it is tragic. Sixty-four Turkish Air Force planes have returnecl in a new and more murderous attack against the non-combatant innocent population of towns and villages in the north-west of the island. There has now been added to the use of machine-guns and rackets-which claimed SO many victims yesterdaythe eminently inhuman use of napalm incendiary bombs, with the targets being innocent inhabitants, mostly women and children, who are converted into burning human torches. The number of the victims has SO far reached several hundred, and there is a great increase from yesterday. It is to be noted that not a single Turk was killedyesterdayor today, or the day before. 27. The ferocity and barbarism of these air strikes brings to mind the worst days of Nazi air attacks against civilian populations during the Second World War. No one could ever imagine that this criminal conduct could be carried out in these times of the United Nations, and by a State Member of the Organization, under the eyes of the UnitedNations and while the Security Council was meeting yesterday, and despite a United Nations presence in the island, 29. It is indeed a fact that cannot be disputed, that the conduct of Turkey today is the result of the encouragement it derived from the oonduct of the Council yesterday. We cannot deny this fact and 1 am sorry that 1 have to say these words about the Security Council, about this Organization for which Cyprus has shown its deep respect from the first day that it was admitted as a Member. 30. The records of the statements made by the representatives of Cyprus in support of the United Nations are evidence of the extent to which Cyprus has looked to and depended on the United Nations for peace in the world and, of course, in Cyprus. We shall have occasion to examine the details of the situation in Cyprus since the establishment of the United Nations Force in due time. It Will be seen that Cyprus has fully co-operated with the Force and that for the sake of doing SO it has even abstained from doing what it had the right to do under the resolution. 31. But here we are today oonfronted by this tragic situation. And 1 would remind the Security Council that it is only a few hours since the representative of Turkey, with his hypocritical manifestationof concern over our peace of m.ind, said that “We cari a11 sleep in peace”, because, he stated, my charge concerning the threat from the Turkish warships was false. Yet two destroyers are now, while I am speaking to pu, in ths waters of Mansoura, bombarding the island, and the bombing from the aircraft is thus supported by bombardment from the ships. There has been no retaliation on the part of the inhabitants of the island, who, since yesterday, have done absolutely nothing to cause this completely unjustified and purely criminal attaok. 32. What is happening in Cyprus Will corne to light shortly. It Will be seen that what the representative of Turkey and the Turkish authorities cal1 the massacre of the Turks-which is wholly untrue and has not been borne out by facts-is, in the traditional, historical ways of Turkey, a form of genooide now being carried out against the Greeks in Cyprus. Hundreds of noncombatants have been killed in attacks upon innocent people. The villages of Pornos and Pyrgos have been reduced to burning ruins, and a mass of humanity set aflame by the extensive use of napalm bombs. According to information received from Cyprus the number of casualties has reached frightening proportions. Al1 the hospitals in that part of Cyprus are filled with victims, and there is no room to accommodate all. Yet nothing has been done while these grim events continue. Death cornes from the air and from 33. But the murderous assault does not end there. At least 500 of the Turkish troops which have been clandestinely landed in Cyprus in the past weeks are playing their part in the genocide of the Greek population of the island. While the Turks are bombing, these troops are attacking from the Kokkina area. Such is the position now. 34. It is my belief that the Security Council, in discharging its responsibilities under the United Nations Charter, must take resolute action to stop andto condemn aggression and to ensure that it may not and Will not be oarried out with impunity. This critical hour for my country could prove to be a critioal hour for the United Nations. If this Organization cannot demonstrate its ability or willingness not only tocondemn but also to impose effective sanctions upon Turkey for the war it has launched against Cyprus, a small peace-loving country, then the Charter becornes meaningless and the Organization is shaken to its foundations. 35. The world must be convinced that force and violence are not tolerated as instruments of policy in the world of today and that the Charter-in its Article 2, paragraph 4, which protects the small nations from attack-is not a dead letter. 36. If the Council fails to respond to our call, this may be the very signal to the start of a new era of lawlessness in international relations. It does not mattes that Cyprus is a small place. What happens there has its repercussions everywhere. 1 solemnly ask a11 members at this table to weigh the significance of what is at stake at this moment. The world must be shown that the reliance of a small country upon the United Nations is not misplaced. Mankind must be convinced that the rond to armed aggression cannot lead to sucoess and that defiance of the United Nations is not a virtue. 37. The action taken by Turkey in utter disregard of the Security Counoil’s resolutions is a direct blow to this Organization, which is seized with the problem of Cyprus, and it poses a physical danger not only to the population of Cyprus but also to the members of the units of the United Nations Force who are deployed in the attacked area. It is a very sad show of the impotence of theUnitedNations that it has SO far been unable to do anything to stop this thing which has been going on for quite a long time. The Force is doing nothing in Cyprus, and SO far the Security Council has been inactive. 38. Mr. President, we leave this matter to you and the Security Council. It is our duty to put before you the situation in the island. It is our duty to cal1 for 39. Recently there have been continued provocations 39. and attacks by the rebels, and we have corne to the multiplier present situation, which is nothing but provocation in en sommes order to launch the attack and the genocide in Cyprus qu’une as a preliminary to what was intended to be an le génocide invasion. &tre une invasion. 40. The times are very serious, and it is necessary that we have a resolution condemning aggression and oalling upon Turkey to desist from further murderous attacks upon innocent people in the island, and this must be done soon. We cannot allow more time to pass. The circumstances cry out for action, and action must be taken now. 40, que nous ayons une r&solution sion meurtrieres et il faut que cela soit fait sans délai. L’heure plus imposent 41. de l’anglais]: discussion de preuves deux meurtrieres les separent. pellent simplement encore qui est à craindre.

Al1 of us who have been present at the discussions of this question have had ample evidence of the depthof feeling that exists between the two communities in Cyprus and the homicidal consequences of their mistrust and bitterness. And we have had repeated and bloody reminders that the danger is not just to the inhabitants of Cyprus. The danger is even greater; the danger is international war. 42. cesser exige qu’elles vêque ces& une attaque forces tant leurs nes continueront, aucune et dans quelques dans un abi’me dont nul ne peut entrevoir 42. The responsibility of the Council is to stop hostilities, and until a11 are stopped none Will stop. Archbishop Makarios says that unless Turkey stops its air attacks by 12 noon, he Will launch a full-scale attack on the Turkish community and forces. The Government of Turkey says that until the Greeks in Cyprus stop attacking the Turks, the air attacks Will continue. I repeat that in these circumstances, until a11 hostilities stop none Will stop and thatperhaps in a matter of hours we Will be over the brink and in the abyss-and none cari see the bottom. 43. Most of us-perhaps a11 of us-wanted an immediate cesse-fire last night. We did not get it. Today 43. voulions 44. An appeal for a cesse-fire is the swiftest action that the Council cari take. The President has issued such an appeal. Acoordingly, 1 propose the adoption unanimously and quickly, 1 would hope, of the following draft resolution formally to endorse and affirm the President’s appeal; this draft resolution is submitted by the United States and the United Kingdom: “The Security Council, - “Concerned at the serious deterioration of the situation in Cyprus, Qeaffirming the appeal of the President of the Security Council just addressed to the Governments of Turkey and Cyprus, “1. Calls for an immediate cesse-fire by a11 concerned; “2. Calls upon a11 concerned to co-operate fully with the Commander of the United Nations Force in the restoration of peace and security; and “3, Calls upon a11 States to refrain from any action that might exacerbate the situation or contribute to the broadening of hostilities. II 45. After the adoption of such a draft resolution, we cari resume our discussion of the situation and consider what further steps are desirable topreserve the peace, while the Mediator continues his efforts tofind a peaceful solution,

The draft resolution submitted by the United Kingdom and the United States, and which has just been read to the Security Council by the representative of the United States, is now being reproduced as a document by the Secretariat and Will be circulated as soon as ready.

We are meeting in circumstances of utmost gravity when only acall to the parties concerned on the grounds of the responsibility of this Council and of every Member State for the preservation of international peace cari, we must hope, be effective, The Council is faced with a test of such an order that any attempt at this moment to consider where responsibility may lie for the present situation might only divert us from the immediate task. 48. We have a clear and plain duty to bring about an immediate and unconditional end to hostilities of 49, Mr. ERALP (Turkey): 1 had not intended to take the floor this morning, but with SO many ultimatums flying in the air 1 believe that it Will be useful if 1 said a few words. 49. n’avais mais je crois 50. me le Président, doute si également sans equivoque. 50. First, you Will have noticed that 1 welcomed the appeal which was made by you, Mr. President, to both sides, and 1 have no doubt that my Government Will heed it if the other party, the aggressors, heed it equally, without afterthought, without deceit and without prevarication. 51. 1 spoke about ultimatums. The first one came about six hours ago in Nicosia, when Mr. Polycarpos Yorgadjis, the Minister of the Interior of the Makarios Government, went to see the Ambassador of the United States and said that unless the air attacks from Turkey stopped by midday, New York time, the armed forces of the Makarios Government would unleash an unrestrained assault over the whole surface of the island against the entire Turkish population. That is the ultimatum with which we are faced. 5X. il M. Polycarpos gouvernement sadeur a6riennes heure ment l’ensemble entiere. trouvons. 52. Another ultimatum was delivered this morning by my colleague from Greece, and that was to the effect that unless by 3 o’clock this afternoon the Turkish air attaoks stopped, Greece would go to the aid of the Makarios Government. I was particularly sorry to hear this because only yesterday there was a very commendable and statesmanlike appeal from the Prime Minister of Greece to Archbishop Makarios to stop his aggression. That appeal was not heeded. I would have wished, and I am sure my Government would have wished, that the Prime Minister of Greece, Mr. George Papandreou would have added an ultimatum t0 that appeal. Instead of addressing it to us, he should have addressed it to Makarios and said: “UnlesS you heed the appeal of the Unitsd Nations and of Greece, we, the guarantor Powers, will take action together under the Treaty.1’ That did not corne about; COnSeqUently, we are deeper in the crisis than we were before, 52. mon coll&ue attaques 15 heures ment d’entendre Ministre un appel honneur h l’archevêque sion, et aussi accompagne nous adresser a Makarios de 1’ appel puissances mesures Rien dans d’hui qu’elle 53. There were certain words in the statement just nmde by Mr. Rossides to whioh I take strong objec- 53. des 54. You may not have noticed how Mr. Rossides has attacked the Seourity Council. He is disappointed in the Council. Why? Like a11 organs of the United Nations, if the Security Council does not serve the ends and purposes of the Makarios Government, then it is to be disoarded. That Government is very muoh disappointed that Turkey is not to be blamed for going to the aid of the Turks of Cyprus. That is a11 they wanted. Archbishop Makarios stated yesterday that he would fight until death. 1 was wondering until whose death. 55. We have made it quite clear that the air attacks are a prophylaotic measure, a preventive measure; they are intended to stop the aggression of the Greek Cypriots, and when that aggression stops, then the air attacks Will also stop. But if we may paraphrase the words of Archbishop Makarios, then it boils down to this: “1 am determined to bring the Turks of the island to their knees, to bring them to submission orl if necessary, to annihilate them. In this I do not want any interference from the Security Council, from the United Nations Peaoe-keeping Force in Cyprus, from’ the Mediator, or from anybody else, and least of a11 from the Turks, SO a11 that I ask of you, the United Nations and the Security Council, is to te11 these troublesorne Turks not to interfere with my massacres.” This is what the Makarios Government wants from the Security Council. We shall see whether it Will get it or not. 56. It is time for the Council to aot. The sequence of eVentS is well known. The aggression was started by the Greeks of Cyprus against the defenoeless Turks, who have turned to Turkey for aid. We have given aid to them generously, ancl if theyoontinue to be attacked, we shall give it to them generously again. 57. The Council must appeal in a11 earnestness to the Makarios Government, calling upon it to cesse its attacks, When that has been done, we shall be able to see the light again. We must, in a11 honesty, distard this sham, this pretence that we are dealing with the responsible, the legitimate Government in Cyprus, and we must admit that we are now dealing with a clique that is determined to wipe out its 59. Mr, President, 1 would like to bring one thing to your notice, The representative of the Ivory Coast made an appeal, which was summarized by you, and then a draft resolution was presented, based on that appeal but different from it. 1 must take exception to the draft resolution, which claims to put in the form of a resolution what is contained in the appeal you made, but in fact changes it. 59. Monsieur le President, j’aimerais appeler votre attention sur un point; le representant de la Côted’ivoire a ensuite presente un projet de resolution établi sur la base de cet appel, mais qui en differe. Je dois réserver indique qu’il a pour but de présenter sous forme de resolution la teneur de l’appel que vous avez lance, mais qui, en fait, la modifie. 60. May 1 draw attention to the difference. Your appeal, Mr, President, states as follows: 60. Je me permets d’appeler votre attention sur la différence. ainsi redige: “At its 1143rd meeting this morning, the Security Council has authorized me to make an urgent appeal to the Government of Turkey to cesse instantly the bombardment and the use of military force of any kind against Cyprus, . .” sécurité m’a autorise a adresser un appel pressant au Gouvernement le bombardement de Chypre et l’emploi de la force militaire Everyone would expect to find that in thedraft resolution, but what does the draft resolution say? Chacun s’attendait de résolution; or, que dit-il? “Calls for an immediate cesse-fire by a11 concerned. II de tous les interessés”. 61. What is the fire thathas been takingplace yesterday and today, and the day before, and who are l’a11 concerned”? Only Turkey; and I challenge anyone to say that anything else was going on but this massacre, yesterday and today. Hence, the reason for this draft resolution was not the small-scale fighting that has been going on in Cyprus for months , but the massacrewhich is a real, true massacre-by incendiary bombs and bombardment from ships. This is the gist of the Presidentls appeal; but it has been left out of the draft resolution, and I am astonished that it has been presented in this form, ostensibly to be your appeal put into the form of a resolution. 61. Quels sont “tous les interessestl responsables de ce feu qui a eu lieu hier, aujourd’hui et aussi avant-hier? C’est la Turquie seule; et je mets au défi quiconque d’affirmer massacre hier et aujourd’hui. C’est pourquoi le motif de ce projet de résolution n’est pas les legers combats qui ont lieu B Chypre depuis des mois, mais ce massacre - un massacre reel et veritable - au moyen de bombes incendiaires par des navires. du Président; sur ce point et je m’etonne qu’il ait éte presenté dans ces termes, était de donner la forme d’une résolution a votre appel. 62, With regard to paragraphs 2 and 3, I would say that it is very well to co-operate fully with the United Nations, but the gist of the appeal must be put into the draft resolution if we are going toconsider one as the consequence of the other. Otherwise, it is a draft ~~sdution competing with your appeal, because it alters its form. 62. Pour ce qui est des paragraphes 2 et 3, je dirai qu’il est très bien de coopérer pleinement avec les Nations Unies, mais la substance de l’appel doit figurer dans le projet qu’il y ait un certain ordre logique dans les paragraphes, Autrement, qui ne concorde pas avec votre appel, puisqu’il en modifie la forme.

l?or the benefit of the members of the Council, 1 shall read the text of the identical nrgent telegrams sent to the Prime Minister of Turkey, as well as t0 the Republic of Cyprus: 63. Le PRESIDENT tion des membres du Conseil, je vais lire le texte des télégrammes identiques qui ont ete envoyes de toute urgence ainsi qu’à la Republique de Chypre: The telegrams are signed with my name, followed the title of President of the Security Council, capacity in which 1 serve this month.

1 wish ta speak on a point of order.

The representative of Turkey had first indicated his desire to speak; then the representative of Greece indicated his desire to speak; and the representative of Turkey yielded the floor to the representative of Greece. There is now a request by the representative of Cyprus to address the Council on a point of order,

1 only wanted to say that, when 1 read your appeal, Mr. President, 1 read only the part of the text that was different; it was not my intention to imply that the rest of it was not included; we a11 know that it was, but 1 stopped there only to differentiate between the two. We know there always was an appeal ta the Government of Cyprus and we do not abject to that. But the question is that the text was distinguishing between the appeal to the Government of Turkey and the appeal to the Government of Cyprus.

1 am informed that during my short absence from the Council chamber, the representative of Turkey expressed some surprise that the statement 1 made before the Council at the beginning of the meeting should have corne after the message addressed yesterday the Prime Minister of Greece, Mr. Papandreou, to the President of the Republic of Cyprus. 68. 1 must assure the Council that at this critical moment 1 have no intention whatsoever of playing games; everything that the Greek Government said is valid. Mr. Papandreou addressed that appeal to the President of the Republic of Cyprus yesterday and 1 was informed this morning-as 1 have told the Security Council-that in reply to that appeal, the troops of the Government of Cyprus ceased a11 hostilities yesterday afternoon at three o’clock, New York time. 69. Hence, wben 1 made that statement today, it did not mean that it was intended to encourage a resumption of hostilities on Cyprus; that was not my intention at all. The message of the Prime Minister of Greece is valid, and the Greek Government desires most sincerely to see a11 hostilities cesse in Cyprus. 70. But at the same time, since air attacks are still being made on Cyprus after the cessationof hostilities on the part of the Greek Cypriots, the Greek Govern-

1 wish to say only a few words for purposes of clarification. 71. M. ERALP (Turquie) [traduit veux seulement dire quelques mots pour bien mettre les choses au point. 72. Mr. Rossides has said that for two days now there has been no firing from the Greek Cypriot side in the battle areas, in Cyprus, or anywhere. The reliability of his sources of information cari be tested by instances such as yesterday’s, when he said that an invasion-as he called it-was imminent within an hour. Of course, we a11 have our own sources, and Mr. Rossides has his, but 1 have oneor two dispatches here that 1 would like to read to the Council. 72. M. Rossides a déclare que, depuis deux jours, aucun coup de feu n’a 6th tir8 par les Chypriotes grecs dans les zones de combat, &Chypreou ailleurs. Il est possible de se faire de ses sources de renseignements par.des exemples tels que ses dbclarations d’hier oti il a dit qu’une invasion - c’est le terme qu’il a employb - était imminente dans l’heure qui allait suivre. Naturellement, nous avons tous nos propres sources de renseignements et M. Rossides a les siennes, mais j’ai une ou deux nouvelles que je voudrais lire au Conseil, 73. The first one reports the words of a spokesman in Ankara, who said that, in spite of an appeal by the Greek Prime Minister to President Makarios, the attacks on Turkish Cypriots, especially on women and children, in north-west Cyprus continue. 73. La Premiere cite un porte-parole qui a dit que, malgr8 l’appel lance par le Premier Ministre se poursuivent contre les Chypriotes turcs, particulièrement les femmes et les enfants, dans le nordouest de Chypre. 74. Here is another one, a Reuter’s dispatch of this morning: 74. Voici encore une dbpêche de ce matindellagence Reuter: “A United Nations spokesman in Nicosia said that heavy fighting had bioken out again in Kokkina, a Turkish Cypriot village in north-west Cyprus which has been the centre of battles for the last three daysOn If we are to assume that no Greek Cypriot has fired a shot, then we must draw the conclusion that in Kokkina the Turkish Cypriots are fighting among themselves. Si nous devons croire qu’aucun Chypriote grec n’a tire, alors devons-nous en conclure qu’a Kokkina les Chypriotes turcs se battent entre eux? 75. 1 have said that these prophylactic, preventive flights and attacks from the air have been directed exclusively at military targets. And that is the truth. 75. J’ai dit que ces vols et ces attaques prophylactiques et préventives avaient &tB dirigés uniquement sur des objectifs militaires. 76. Maintenant, des enfants, et de savoir quelles sont les victimes des bombardements, nous n’avons pour l’instant que les sources habituelles de renseignements de M. Rossides tant qu’un rapport ne sera pas parvenu des sources des Nations Unies. Il est navrant que les termes “femmes et enfants’! reviennent dans ce dgbat, oti nous les avons d&j& entendus. Je n’aurais guere pense qu’il convkt parler de massacres de femmes et d’enfants. La mort de femmes et d’enfants turcs qui ont peri lors de la premikre attaque est encore presente Et nos esprits. Je me permettrai de rafraîchir Les voici [l’orateur Conseil]; voila les rebelles qui ont peri dans la rébellion! 76. New, in regard to the women and children and the question of who is being bombed we have to rely on the usual sources of information of Mr. Rossides until a report cornes in from United Nations sources. It is sad that the words “women and children” must corne into this debate again, as they havedone before. I hardly think that it is up to the representative of Cyprus to speak of massacres of women andchildren. 1 think the deaths of Turkish women ancl children who perished in the first onslaught are freshinour minds. Perhaps I may be allowed to refresh themagain. Here they are [the speaker shows photographs to the Co~ncil]; these are the rebels who have perished in the rebellion!

This is not the time for words. 1 have asked for the floor only to make it 77. M. L’heure n’est plus aux discours. J’ai demande la parole uniquement pour bien Pr&iser gation chinoise appuie chaleureusement l’appel du CleEQ that my delegation whole-heartedly supports the appeal from the Chair and would like to see that

My delegation shares the view of other members of the Counoil that the situation is very grave for the Security Council, very grave for the United Nations, very grave for peace. 79, An aggression has been launched by a State Member of the United Nations against another Member State on whose territory the United Nations Force is at present stationed. This aggression was launched with the abject of trying to influence in the solution of problems in which the United Nations is involved. 80. The danger does not only threaten the Republic of Cyprus, its independence and sovereignty; only does it threaten many human lives, it also threatens the peaceful solution of problems in which the Security Council has become involved as a result of previous resolutions, and, lastly, it threatens existence and the maintenance of principles on which our Organization was founded. 1 would add that it threatens world peace, and, hence, the whole mankind. 81. We are fully aware of this danger; we are especially aware of the danger inherent in the fact that an attack launched by one Member State against another is being justified by the aggressor on the ground of so-called legitimate self-defence. If we were to accept this attack, this aggression, and its justification, the United Nations would be drawn onto a most perilous path, into a chain of events such that the basic principles of the Charter would not only be undermined but discarded altogether; the world would return to anarchy and the law of the strongest, the realization of designs. the moral justification for which is only sought after the event, in defiance of a11 reality and a11 the principles of the Charter a11 the psinciples of international justice. 82. It is because we were aware of this danger that we agreed that you, Mr. President, should launch an appeal capable of ending the fighting on Cyprus enabling the Security Council to discuss the present situation in detail on the basis of the facts and of the information which would be furnished to it copiously by the Seoretariat on the one hand and by the parties concerned on the other. 83. In that appeal, Mr. President, which was made on the proposa1 of the Ivory Coast representative, pu were good enough to take account of certain realities of the present situation on Cyprus; youmade a distinction between the external aggression on the part of Turkey and the operations carried out by the Government of Cyprus in the exercise of its right of self-defence. 84. Those operations, indeed, are not in the same category. We would therefore be disregarding the facts and the principles of our Organizationif,instead of taking action, we were to allowadrift towards confusion that would cause us to forget the distinction 86. The Security Council must also be faithful to its previous resoiutions. Allow me to note thatin the past we have always stressed the dutyof theunited Nations to ensure the independence, sovereignty and territorial integri ty of the Republic of Cyprus, one of its Members. 87. That is why, in connexion with the draftresolution just submitted to us, my delegation considers that in addition to calling for the immediate cessation of hostilities we should follow your wise example, Mr. President, and follow the course taken in our previous resolutions-we should note in our appeal the differences which derive both from the situation in Cyprus and the true state of affairs on the island and from the strict and logical application of the principles of the United Nations Charter.

Before calling on the next speaker, 1 want to draw the attention of the members of the Council to the draft resolution of the United Kingdom and the United States whioh has now been circulated as document S/5866.

In view of the criticism of the draft resolution as not identical with the language of the President’s appeal, we would be glad to repeat the appeal of the President SO that the second preambular paragraph of the draft resolution would read: “Reaffirming the appeal of the President of the Council just addressed to the Governments of Turkey and Cyprus as follows: ‘The Security Council has authorized me to make an urgent appeal to the Government of Turkey to cesse instantly the bombardment and the use of military force of any kind against Cyprus; and to the Government of Cyprus to order the armed forces under its control to cesse firing immediatelyl.lt 90. The draft resolution, of course, is not just a reaffirmation of that appeal. Paragraph I is designed to make clear that we want a cesse-fire by a11 ooncerned, inoluding elements under the control of either Government. The next two paragraphs appealfor oo-operation with the United Nations Commander and for other States not to interfere, which of course are desirable reinforcements. 93. My delegation believes that the gravity of the situation is such that the Councilcannot afford to delay or spend time analysing events and the development of the situation, especially at a moment like this, when innocent people are being murdered and a country is being drenched with blood. A tremendous responsibility faces the Security Council, and not a minute must be wasted. Without prejudice to subsequentconsideration of the substantive problem, 1 believe that we should tut short the statements and proceed to a vote on the draft resolution of the United States and the United Kingdom, in which a most urgent appeal is made for a cesse-fire. 94. My delegation is far from wishing to delay consideration of this draft resolution; nevertheless, it wishes to make the following observation. The draft resolution might be interpreted as implying that this debate has been concluded, since it makes no reference to the report from the Secretary-Generalwhichwe are awaiting. I think that, in order to reflect the concern ‘vhich is felt by a11 members of the Counoil, the draft esolution should also point out to the Governments of urkey and Cypsus the concern felt at the development f events in the island of Cyprus, and the fact that the ouncil is following them very closely. 15. 1 therefore ask the United States representative to allow me to add to the preamble of the draft resolution the following phrase: ÏIAwaitinq the publication of the Secretary-General’s report which Will enable the SecurityCounoil to adopt suitable measures.ll Thereafter would corne the operative part of thedraft resolution. In this way, 1 repeat, it would be made very clear that the debate has not been concluded and that the Council has not completed its work in regard to this very serious episode which we are considering.

Almost twenty-four hour s ago the Soviet delegation, speaking in the Securi ty Council, advocated that the Council should take the necessary measures to protect the SovereignRepublic of Cyprus from aggression and to end foreign interference in the affairs of this Member of the United Nations. 97. We said that it was the Security Council’s duty to demand the immediate cessation of military operations against Cyprus and to ensure respect for the sovereignty of Cyprus in aocordance with the purposes of the United Nations Charter and with the clecisions previously taken by the Counoil. 98. We find ourselves confronted with the evident fact that at yesterday’s meeting-and indeed, SO far, 99. It is fair to ask why the Security Council still finds itself in such a situation. 100. In ordex to answer this question, we must return to the substance of the matter and refer to those parts of the statements, made by members of the Council at yesterdayls meeting and in earlier discussions, showing quite clearly that it is the NATO Powers which, by urging Turkey along the dangerous path it has taken, are responsible for what has happened and is still happening in Cyprus and now takes the form of oontinuing military attacks on the country. 101. What is actually taking place is also reflected in the attempts that have again been made here by the very Powers which are responsible for creating and aggravating the situation that has arisen and which are continuing in the Council to follow the same political line as that taken by them in connexion with the events we are now witnessing. 102, It is quite obvious that some representatives in the Council lack the courage to address an appeal to the Government of Turkey-an officia1 appeal by the Council for the immediate cessation of the bombardment and the use of military force of any kind against Cyprus. It is characteristic that even the appealmade by the President of the Counoil contains to a certain extent the elements-the germ, SO to speak-of an attempt to place the victim of the attack and the attaoker on the same footing, as the representative of Czechoslovakia has rightly pointed out. 103. We did not oppose the adoption of your appeal, Mr. President-not because we considered it the most ideal, decisive and effective action possible at the present time, but because of its first paragraph, which appealed to the Turkish Government to cesse instantly the bombardment and use of military force of any kind against Cyprus. And we considered that even in this imperfect form-not as a resolution of the Council, but merely as an appeal by the Presidentit could have some effect SO far as the immediate cessation of military operations against Cyprus was concerned. Since that appeal was approved, however, a draft resolution has appeared; and it has led the representative of Cyprus to make some jus tified comment to the effect that-as 1 understood him-whenset beside the appeal just made by the Council through you to the Turkish Government the draft resolution submitted by the United States and the United Kingdom represented a step backwards even in comparison with that, as I have already described it, imperfect appeal, which met with no opposition here in the 105. However, the discussion of this question takes place between experienced people, and there is no need for me to go to great lengths in order to show the President, and my distingùished colleagues. the difference in the provisions of the preamble and the significance of the provisions of the operative part of the resolution. 106. The attempt to make the Council do no more than include in the preamble simply the President’s appeal, calling upon the Government of Turkey to cesse instantly the bombardment and use of military force of any kind against Cyprus, deprives thatappeal of adequate force and significance. The result is that the Council is not demanding, in the categorical and definite manner adopted in the operative part of the resolueion, that the Turkish Government should respond to this appeal and instantly cesse its military attacks on Cyprus. 107. Instead, paragraph 1 of the rcsolution has the shortcomings to which 1 have already drawn attention. The question thus arises whether those members of the Security Council who are trying in one way or another to protect an ally-which, when a11 is said and done, has acted at their instigation-from the responsibility that it and a11 the NATO countries Will bear if the military attacks on Cyprus continue are aw?re of this responsibility. Do they realize that further hesitation in calling for the cessation-the immediate cessation-of military attacks on Cyprus may lead, as the representative of Greece hasalready said, to an extension of theconflict, withunforeseeable consequences? Are a11 the other members of the Council sufficiently aware of the importance and seriousness of the situation which confronts it? 108. 1 therefore appeal to a11 my colleagues, and particularly to those who are ready to analyse the circumstances of this case objectively, to support a resolution containing an appeal by the Council for the immediate cessation of the bombardment and use of military force of any kind against Cyprus. Only such a resolution would, in my view, be consistent with the duties entrusted to the Security Council by the Charter of our Osganieation.

1 cal1 upon the representative of the United States on a point of order.

Mr. President, 1 know you have before you alonglist of speakers, but 111. It seems to me that time is wasting while we talk. We have no pride of authorship and Will gladly convert the preamble of the draft resolution into an operative paragraph, and also include the suggestion made by the representative of Bolivia. What is important is that we act swiftly and not fiddle or quibble while Cyprus burns. 111. precieux d’auteur mer le preambule graphe faite par le représentant est de faire lités alors 112. 1 hope that we cari agree on the following text [S/5866/Rev.l]: 112. J+esp&re tord sur le texte “The Security Council, “Concerned at the serious deterioration of the situation in Cyprus, “Antioipating the submission of the Secretary- General’s report on the situation, “1. Reaffirms the appeal just addressed by the President of the Securitv Council to the Governments of Turkey and Cypr”us, worded as follows: ++ +The Security Council has authorized me to make an urgent appeal to the Government of Turkey to cesse instantly the bombardment and the use of military force of any kind against Cyprus, and to the Government of Cyprus to order the armedforoes under its control to cesse firing immediately’; “2. Calls for an immediate cesse-fire by a11 concerned; “3. Calls upon a11 concerned to co-operate fully with the Commander of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus in the restoration of peace and s ecuri ty ; “4. Calls upon a11 States to refrain from any action that might exacerbate the situation or contribute ta the broadening of hostilities.++ 113. J+esp&e, pourra sous cette forme. 113. 1 hope, Mr. President, th$t we cari agree promptly on a draft resolution in that form. s8curité ment grave Conseil la delégation diatement lequel vient Unis, a savoir Uni. 114. MI?. CARVALHO SILOS (Brazil) (translated from French): The Security Council is faced with a very serious situation which threatens world peace. It must take immediate action, The Brazilian delegation therefore feels that a vote should be taken immediately on the revised draft resolution which has just been read out by the United States representative on behalf of the sponsors, namely the Unitecl States of America and the United Kingdom. 115. résolution. ter des Etats-Unis faite par Cette de s8curit.é 115. The Brazilian delegation supports this draft resolution. Moreover, we are pleased to see that, in the revised draft which the United States representative read out to us, the suggestion made by the Bolivian representative has been retained. This suggestion makes it clear that the Security Council has nOt concluded its discussion of the question before it 117. The draft resolution before us, which has just been considerably improved by its sponsors, is a confirmation of that, appeal, Its main aim is the immediate cessation of a11 hostilities. 118. France cannot do otherwise than associate itself with such a decision ancl, in view of the gravity of the situation and the urgency of the matter, it expects both Turkey and Cyprus to comply at once with the resolution, which we feel it is the duty of the Security Council to adopt.

1 should now like to make a short statement in my capaoity as the representative of NORWAY. 120. In view of the extreme gravity of the situation prevailing in and around Cyprus, 1 shall at this time Emit myself to informing the Council that the Government of Norway considers the adoption of the draft resolution, as revised, as constituting the most timely and adequate action that the Council oould take at this time. The delegation of Norway Will, therefore, vote in favour of the draft resolution, while at the same time reserving its right to comment upon the prevailing situation in greater detail, when we sesume our meeting, after we have reoeived the report of the Secretary-General.

The Morocoan delegation is aware of the danger to international peace in the dramatic development of the Cyprus situation. We feel that, at this oritical moment, the Seourity Council is faced with an exceptionally grave responsibility. 122. At the beginning of this meeting, Mr. President, you were authorized to make an urgent appeal on behalf of the Security Council for the immediate cessation of a11 military operations, both by the Turkish Aix Force and by the armed forces of the Republic of Cyprus within the country. 123. My delegation is glad to see the unanimous support already given to this appeal, which mycolleague, the representative of the Ivory Coast, was good enough to submit as a forma1 proposal. There is therefore reason to think and even hope that, in view 125. Nevertheless, my delegation fervently hopes that the successive improvements made to the draft resolution Will satisfy the requirements of a11 concerned and Will therefore make it possible for the draft resolution before us to be adopted unanimously. 125. Toutefois, que les am&iorations sent être,de des uns et des autres au projet voté à lVunanimité.

Since a11 members of the Council have expressed their views on the draft resolution before the Security Council, may 1 take it that the Council is now prepared to take a vote on the revised text of the draft resolution? 126. tous les membres leurs de securité Conseil le texte revisé

The alterations made in the draft resolution by the representative of the United States have no doubt improved the original draft, 12’7. M. Les Unis nement améliore 128. 1 have tried to communicate by telephone, with my Government, but in vain; 1 am afraid, as things are now, 1 cannot associate myself with the draft resolution until 1 have secured the consent of my Government. Therefore, 1 would deem it advisable to have a short adjournment of the Council’s debate until this afternoon, to allow time for me to communicate with my Government. Otherwise, 1 would not be able to commit the Government of Cyprus in any way with regard to the draft resolution. 128. avec l’état donner tant mon gouvernement, table que le Conseil jusqu’à de communiquer cas contraire, le gouvernement de resolution. 129. Président dans ces ment Conseil trouvions demande conditions, a un cessez-le-feu reux un caractere Conseil, 1.29. The PRESIDENT: The President finds himself in considerable difficulty, under the circumstances: he has been informed by the parties who are closest to the situation, as well as by a11 members of the Security Council, that we are faced with an international crisis of a grave oharacter. I would like to inquire whether, under the circumstances, the members of the Council preoccupied with bringing about a cesse-fire and, as 1 understand it, wanting to formalize, according to normal Security Council procedure, the appeal which was issued in my name-that is to say, by way of a draft resolution, whether they feel we 130. Or. ROSSIDES (Cyprus): 1 simply want to say that we already have the appeal by the President, and therefore we might have a little time at our disposa1 for oommunicating with Cypsus before the resolution 1s put to the vote. 131, Mr. MOROZOV (Union of SovietSocialistRepubllcs) (translated from Russian): The Soviet delega- Lion!s criticism of the draft resolution submitted by the United States and the United Kingdom has not been completely met, although some rePreSentatiVeS seem to think that a great step forward has been taken. 132. 1 think that, as before, the meaning of the teXt submitted to us requires oareful study before we cari determine our position on it. It is understandable that the representative of Cyprus should have asked for a reasonable period of time in which to obtain instructions from his Government. 133, In point of fact, the operative part of the draft resolution repeats provisions which called forth no objection in the Council when they took the form of an appeal by the President. 134. We have already had an opportunity to state that we did not oppose that appeal, because its first part containecl a sufficiently definite cal1 to the Turkish Government to halt military operations against Cyprus, Thus during the time in question-the time for which the representative of Cyprus is asking-this appeal Will already be in force, particularly in respect of the operative part, which seems to us the more correct. 1 therefore support the proposa1 put forward by the representative of Cyprus. 135. 1 waive the consecutive interpretation into English and French.

Once again, we are Paced with these dilatory tactics which we experienced last night. Strife is going on in Cyprus, people are being killed and a11 the members of the Security Council are aIIXiOUS to put a stop to it. An appeal has gone out, and here we have a resolution which calls for an immediate cesse-fire by a11 conoerned-and now the representative of Cyprus says: “1 cannot agree to an immediate cesse-fire unless 1 have consulted my Government; 1 shall not be associated withit.” Cyprus 1s nOt a member of the Security Council any more than Turkey is. The representative of Cyprus is not called uPon to associate himself with this. He is asked to obey the recommendation of the Security Council and to effet;, -I cesse-îire immediately. 137. 1 sUggeSt, if 1 may be allowed to do SO, that the Councll 1OSe no further time in proceeding to adopt this resolution. There are aspects of the resolution with which 1 am not completely happy, nor would my

Do any members of the Council wish to speak on the point which 1 raised? 138. bre du Conseil point que j7 ai soulev6?

1 wish only to say that in the view of my delegation-while, of -course, taking account of the observations made by the representative of the Soviet Union-we really ought at this moment to proceed with the action on which the members of the Council do seem to have a very large degree of unanimity. It rounds off and completes the action we have already taken, it is a psoper move for us to take, and, in the situation as we know it today, it seems that we really ought not to delay matters any longer. 139. l’anglais]: de la délegation naturellement, sentant tenant voter membres large sures décision que nous que nous ne devrions notre decision.

Mr. President, 1 should like, through you, to ask the delegation of the Republic of Cyprus if it is asking for a suspension of the meeting for a few minutes, or if it wishes the meetingactually to adjourn. This is a very important point for my delegation, since if it is a question of arecess for a few minutes, or even an hour, we should have no objection to the Security Council granting it. We could then reconvene and vote in full knowledge of the facts, each of us in accordance with his country’s position in the matter. 140. M. SIDI BABA intermediaire, la dél6gation désire ou si elle demande une interruption de la d616gation qui estime suspension même d’une heure - il n’y aurait pas d’inconvénient à ce que ce delai sécurité. reprendre cause, le mieux à sa position.

I gladly give the information required. 1 should be very happy to have a suspension of a few minutes if I could get into communication with Cyprus. Unfortunately, communication with Cyprus is by radio and not by table, and it is very erratic. 1 hope, however, that within an hour or two-or pehaps an hour and a half-we might establish communication, and therefore 1 suggest that the meeting might, perhaps, be suspended, without being adjourned, for some such period as that. 141. C’est ments pension entrer ment, par lieres. munication une heure que la seance ajournae,

Since my delegation made a few remarks and objections after the introduction of the draftresolution, 1 wish to say that some of these objections have now been met by the amendments subsequently made, We did in fact contend that if a draft resolution was to be really effective after a discussion which bas followed upon the President’s appeal, it should of course represent a step forward in relation to that appeal. The original text was infact astep backwards. It has now been amended SO as to reaffirm or repeat the most crucial part of what was stated in the President’s appeal. 142. M. HAJEK ma délégation, de r&olution, objections, amendements ces objections en effet pleine à la suite bien entendu, B cet en arri&e, apportees, sent la reaffirmation

1 should like to inform the members of the Security Council at this stage that, since we know from the information which has been brought to us here today that the situation in and around Cyprus remains extremely tense, it would be the intention of the President to suggest that it would be most appropriate for the Council net to adjourn but simply to suspend its proceedings and remain at the disposa1 of the President if any developments in the area should warrant acall at short notice. 145. Then, naturally, in addition to that there would be the question of a meeting at the appropriate time when the report of the Secretary-General is available and when the contents thereof have been studied by the members of the Security Counoil, as well as by the parties to the issue before us, of course, 146. This procedure which 1 propose would give an opportunity for another meeting at short notice if that were desired by any member or by either party, and would also take into oonsideration Article 24 of the United Nations Charter, which has conferred upon the Security Counoil the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security; that, as far as the President has understood the tenor of the statements made by the members of the Council, as well as those made by the parties, is exaotly what is at stake at this moment. 147, May 1, in the light of these oonsiderations, appeal to the representative of Cyprus to consider thepossibility of not pressing his suggestion for another suspension but of having the Counoil proceed to the vote now, it being fully understood that the Counoil would not adjourn thereafter but would simply suspend its proceedings,

In view of thefact that, as 1 have explained very clearly in my PreViOuS statements, the Greek Government’s main Concern is thal; the attacks on Cyprus cesse and tliere be no new victims for us to deplore, my delegation thinks that the draft resolution should be put to the Vote as soon as possible, and it would like that to be done.

1 am sure everybody would like to suspend the meeting in the meantime. ?he meeting was suspended at 2.25 p.m. and resumed at 3 p.m.

May 1 inform the members of the Council present that 1 have requested the Secretariat to inform the absent members that the meeting is reconvening.

Mr. President, 1 do not see in the Chamber the representative of Cyprus, who bas been invited to take part in the Council’s meetings; and aocording to my information, which you cari check, he is at the moment absent because he is either telephoning his Government or waiting to continue, very shortly, a conversation he had already started. 153. 1 think it would be right at this juncture for us to remain cool and reasonable and not get overexcited, because if we start to get excited there Will probably no longer be any hope of a fair decision. 1 therefore think that, for the reasons 1 have just put forward, we cannot ignore the absence of the representative of Cyprus. 154. This time, in order to help the Council find its way out of a difficult situation, 1 would ask for my statement to be interpreted consecutively into both English and French.

May I thank my distinguished colleague from the Soviet Union for his statement and for bis suggestion regarding the consecutive interpretation of it into English and Frenohas well. 1 agree entirely with him that it would be most unfortunate if we lest our composure. We suspended the meeting on receiving the information that the representative of Cyprus was going to communioate with his Government by telephone, and 1 have been advised that the representative has in the meantime had two telephone conversations, if 1 am not mistaken. 156. If 1 may ask the members of the Cypriot delegation here present, it might be of interest to the Counoil to know if Mr. Rossides is again on the telephone and if we could expect bis presence in the Chamber shortly, thus being able to remain at the Counoil table awaiting his arrival.

1 must inform you, Mr. President, and the members of the Council, that the information that Mr. Rossides has had the opportunity of having two telephone conversations with Cyprus is inaccurate. In fact, he is still continuing the only one that has been in progress for some time now; and 1 have just been informed that he Will require a maximum of another five minutes, if the Council would bear with him.

1 apologize for the delay, but it was not my fault: 1 had to communicate wtth members of my Government. The position nowis as follows: the Government of Cyprus is not satisfied with this draft resolution; we would ask, as a minimum, the introduction in the preambular part of the phrase: ‘~Confirming the Security Council resolution of 4 March 1964”, SO that the position takenin that resolution would not be affected by the present draft r esolution. 160. There were of course other portions of thedraft that my Government wanted to have altered; we discussed them but thought that at this late heur we would not like to cause greater diffioulty in any way. But, at least, this is the minimum we would require: the confirmation of the Security Council resolution of 4 March 1964. 161. The point is this: it is not, andoannot be, understood in Cyprus that the position of the Government, at the present juncture, is equated with theposition of the TurkishGovernment, which is now attacking Cyprus in suoh flagrantviolationof theUnitedNations Charter, resulting in hundreds of persons being killed and wounded. 162. 1 have now been informed, and must convey bis new information, that, in addition to the hospital at Pornos, another hospital, the one at Pakhy Ammos, was bombed, with six patients and one doctor killed. 163’. This is the situation; and the Government that acts in this way, in such flagrant violation of the principles of humanity and of the Charter, is also the Government whioh demands to he equated with the Government of Cyprus. And on this occasion 1 must say something that 1 had intended to say before, but which 1 was prevented from doing because of the discussion on the draft resolution; 1 must answer what the representative of Turkey said about the ghetto and about President Makarios. The ghetto was notcreated by President Makarios or the Greek side; the ghetto was created by the Turkish terrorists, andwe have already given instances of Turks who were in that ghetto and wanted to get away, but who, when they tried to escape, were shotby the Turkishterrorists. Those who are allowed by the Turks to leave that sector are welcorne to corne to the Greek side; we know that very well; and there have been cases when Turks who had Ieft and then corne back to their viliages were attaoked by the terrorists for going away, because the latter wanted to keep them separated, having the ultimate goal of partition in mind. 165. The Turkish representative also told us that the attacks by the Turkish Government were prophylactic air attacks. That is how the destruction& hundreds of lives and the destruction of hospitals was described: it is t’psophylactic “. What would the Turkish Government’s warlike air attacks be like? i cannot imagine a worse attack than the ones already made, and they are called purely prophylactic! Weil, that is another nazi method. 165. Le ment dit que les attaques nement turc lactiques. centaines taux; c’ est une mesure donc rières*‘? celles qualifient c’est l& une autre méthode nazie. 166. 1 am sorry that 1 had to make these remarks, but 1 could not let these points go unanswered. 1 had the answers ready before, but the question of the resolution intervened. 166. Je regrette vations, repense. mais la question 167. The position in regard to the resolution is as 1 have stated it: the Government of Cyprus requests the amendment that 1 have mentioned. 167. Notre telle que je l’ai exposée: demande que lui soit indique.

May 1 ask the indulgence of the Council to ask a question of the representative of the Soviet Union, Mr. Morozov informed me that he was called to the telephone, and he asked that he would be granted the same privilege as Mr, Rossides was granted. May I now ask the representative of the Soviet Union who is presently seated here whether we cari continue. 168. mande au Conseil tion au représentant mIa informe demandé & béneficier qui ont BtB accord?& donc au représentant trouve vons poursuivre 169. M. VORONTSOV listes soviétique quelques l’Union soviétique 169. Mr, VORONTSOV (Union of Soviet Sooialist Republics) (translated fsom Russian) : The Soviet delegation would request that the meetingbe suspended for a few minutes while the representative of the Soviet Union is telephoning. 170. mande donc aux membres à leur place

May 1 request that we remain seated, awaiting the return of Mr. Morozov. à 15h25. The meeting was suspended at 3.15 p.m. and resumed at 3.25 p.m. 171. M. STEVENSON duit de l’anglais]: satisfaire qu’auteur Rev.11 que nous examinons, tion considbrant

As a final effort to accommodate the representative of Cyprus, and as a sponsor of the revised draft resolution [S/5866/Rev.l] before us, 1 have no objection to the insertion as a second paragraph of the preamble of the following: “Reaffirming its resolutions of 4 March (S/5575), 13 March (S/5603) and 20 June 1964 (S/5778).” 172. I hope there is no one else in the Council Chamber, or in the galleries, who wants to amend this simple r:.. il for a oease-fire. Last night we sat here from 7.30 p.m. until 2 a.m. and were unable 172. J’espere salle df%ire un cessez-le-feu.

1 cal1 on the representative of the Soviet Union on a point of order.

1 am afraid, Mr. President, that 1 have to speak for youand for certain other members of the Council who, it seems to me, are beginning to get unnecessarily heated bothin their language and in their efforts to compel a vote on this resolution in the absence of the representative of Cyprus. 1 fully understand the position taken on this matter by some members of the Council, but 1 would none the less urge-quite apartfrom the critioal situation caused by events in Cyprus and the understandably heated atmosphere in this Chamber-that due account be taken of the fact that the representative of Cyprus has just gone to speak on the telephone with a representative of his Government. 1 formally propose that, until he finishes his conversation and returns to his place, the Council’s meeting should be suspended and we should remain in our seatspartioularly since he has, 1 think, put his name on the list of speakers, but even if he has not done SO.

The President would like to give his view on the situation in the form of a ruling. The draft resolution before us, as revised and amended, has been modified to mee t the views of the Government of cyprus, as stated by its representative in his chamber a few minutes ago. 1 therefore propose formally to put the draft resolution to the vote in conformity ‘with the obligations of the Seourity Council under Article 24 of the United Nations Charter,

Even taking into account the urgency of the situation, 1 think that, in view of ‘the fact that the events under discussion are taking place at Cyprus at this moment, and that the representative of the Republic of Cyprus lias just been called to the telephone by his Government, which is actually on the spot, to receive information which might have a direct bearing on the decision we are about to take, we should aocept the proposa1 made by the representative of the Soviet Union and I support that proposal.

The ruling of the President having been challenged, 1 hereby put that ruling to the vote. Against: Czechoslovakia, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The President’s ruling was upheld by 9 votes to 2.

We shall therefore now proceed to a vote on the draft resolutionsubmitted by the United Kingdom and the United States [S/5866/Rev.l], with an amendment adding a newparagraph, whichwas read by the representative of the United States [see para. 1711 and which becomes the secondparagraphof the preamble. A vote was taken by show of hands. u? favour: Bolivia, Brazil, China, France, Ivory Coast, Morocco, Norway, United Kingdom of Great Britain andNorthern Ireland, United States of America. Against: None. Abstaining: Czechoslovakia, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, The draft resolution, as orallyamended, was adopted by Y votes to none, with 2 abstentions.

Mr. President, 1 should like the reasons given by the Soviet delegation during the meeting this morning to be taken as an explanation of why the Soviet delegation abstained in the vote on the draft resolution submitted by the United States and the United Kingdom.

There being nofurther speakers, the meeting stands suspended on the conditions outlined by the President earlier in the meeting, The meeting was suspended at 3.45 p.m.; it was resumed on Tuesday, 11 August, at 530 p.m. le mardi 11 aoQt, à 17 h 30.

The 1143rd meeting of the Security Council, which was suspended on Sunday, 9 August, the Council, remaining at the disposa1 of the President, is now declared resumed. et de Chypre restent 182. The invitations extended at the beginning of this meeting to the representatives of Turkey, Greece and Cyprus being still in effect, 1 should like to request them kindly to resume their seats. place à la table du Conseil. Mr. Orhan Eralp (Turkey), Mr. Dimitri S. Bitsios (Greece) and Mr. Zenon Rossides (Cyprus) tookplaces at the Council table. 183, The PRESIDENT: The meeting has been resumed at the request of the delegation of Cyprus [S/5872].‘/ The representative of Cyprus has inscribed himannée, .!/ Sec Officia1 Records of the Security Council, Nineteenth Year, Supplement for July, August and Seprember 1964. 185. In addition, it should be emphasized that this attack upon innocent people had been totally unprovoked in any sense, because there had been no firing against the rebels by the security forces since the evening of Saturday, 8 August. This faothadbeen confirmed in the statement of the Presidentof the Republic of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios, when he accepted the cesse-fire. He said then that a unilateral ceasefire had already been ineffect since Saturday, 8 August. 186. This, moreover, was notTurkey*sfirstviolation of the resolution since its adoption. On Sunday, at midnight, Cyprus time, or 6.00 p.m. New York time, one Turkish destroyer, two motor patrol boats, and an- Dther vesse1 entered the territorial waters of Cyprus and anchored off Kokkina, the rebel stronghold. 187. The Government at once informed General Thimayya; it was just before midnight, and theGeaera1 undertook to investigate the situation immediately. He instructed Colonel Waern, the offices in charge of the Swedish contingent, which is deployed in that locality, to examine on the spot. Colonel Waeru had for no particular reason known to us, not succeeded in arriving at the port of Kokkina until 3.10 a.m., or approximately three hours and a half after General Thimayya’s instruction, Ry that time, it was no longer possible to see what had happened in that port. But when Colonel Waern weni there, he saw there the trawler, the motor patrol lioats and the other vessel, as well as supplies, inoludingweapons and ammunition, that had been thrown on the shore. 188. General Thimayya then requested of the British Air Force that they send an aircraft to see whether there were any other Sl~ips in the vicinity. 190, What concerns my delegation particularly is the conduct of the Turkish Government in respect of the flights over Cyprus, for the air space of the Republic was violated not only by the strafingof Polis, but also, on the same day, by terroristic flights over the Morphou and Rizokarpaso areas, far away from the area of the previous fighting. Furthermore, today, 11 August, between 7.15 and 7.40 a.m., Cyprus time, two Turkish aircraft flew several times, at low altitude, over the areas of Skouriotissa, Kato Pyrgos, Xeros, and Lefka, thereby continuing to terrorize tho population of villages which are considerably removed from the area where the previous trouble took place. 190. Ce qui inquiete particulierement c’est concerne l’espace violé, Polis, qui ont survol8 mider celle des combats meme, 11 ao&, entre 7 h 15 et 7 h 40 du matin, heure de Chypre, fois, Kato Pyrgos, lations region 191. Today in the afternoon, Cyprus time, just a few hours ago, two Turkish airplanes again flew over the villages of Morphou and Xeros, and then Nicosia and the suburb of Strovolos, finally mo,ving away in the direction of the villages of Lakatamia and Liveria. These areas are also far removed from the area of the previous trouble, 191. Chypre, turcs et de Xeros, s’ Eloignant enfin en direction et de Liveria, tants precedents. 192. produisent que si l’on se représente des survols des bralantes; que ruines, villages, l’on aisément produire 192. The meaning and the effect of these flights over Cyprus upon its people cari only be appreciated when the pictures of victims of previous overflights are recalled, pictures of burning human torches, of dead bodies and charred corpses lying about in the streets, in the squares and in the ruinedhouses-thepicture of destruction from such overflights. When this picture is recalled, the effect of today’s overflights upon the people oan be realized. 193. rifié de l’Organisation revenu innocentes, 193. The more details that corne to light, the more appalling is the thought that in 1964, almost twenty years after the establishment of the United Nations, we should have regressed to the period of nazi air raids and their effects upon innocent people. 194. suivent manifestation Bté reçus le cessez-le-feu. de l’intégrité Chypre, des Nations violation, la Turquie lution du Conseil! d’aujourd’hui turc titude gouvernement. 194. The fact that we still have such air raids is a mattsr of great concern. It is a complete disregard of the Security Council resolution and of the ceasefire. It is a complete violation of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Cyprus by another State Member of the United Nations. Mr. President, this is how Turkey has received your appeal and the Security Councilts resolution. And it is significant that the overflights today took place even after the Prime Minister of Turkey had. accepted your appeal. “1 am grateful for your appeal to the Turkish Government to cesse instantly the bombardment and the use of military force against Cyprus. our part we wish to inform you thatwe shall respect the appeal of the Security Council concerning cesse-fire, For the information of Your Excellency, we had ordered unilaterally a cesse-fire in the evening of Saturday, 8 August.” 196. We have respected the cesse-fire. But it is really astonishing that this action by the Turkish Government is in such contrast with the sanctimonious attitude taken by the representative of Turkey when, raising a didactic finger, he said that the Cypriots had to “obey the recommendation of the Security Council and to effect a cesse-fire immediately”. That is what he told us, but he had better tel1 his own Government the same thing. 197. Again, the representative of Turkey, spe‘aking earlier in the same vein, told us to ttsleep in peace”. And what happened a few hours after his recommendation to sleep in peaoe was an even greater massacre, which ran into hundreds of dead and wounded, with entire villages bombed out. Some were still burning as late as yesterday. Scores of people suffered burns from the napalm bomb fires. Women and children were frantically calling for fire-engines and medical supplies, Entire hospitals were destroyed with their patients and their doctors. 198. After such terrible attacks, these flights over Cyprus continue, terrorizing the population. As 1 said before, terror is accompanied by tension, tension is accompanied by attack and counter-attack. That is why it is SO important that there should be no suoh flights over Cyprus; otherwise the whole work of the Security Council and the President’s appeal would be undone. That is why we have corne to the Council, to ask that a resolution shouldbe adopted deploring the conduct of Turkey, The previous action of the Council would make no sense if it allowed these things to take place without expressing its condemnation and deploring them. Also, Turkey should be called upon to respect fully the cesse-fire and the Council’s resolution. 199. 1 do not want to make a long speech. There is muoh that could be said, but 1 shall refrain from saying anything more. The essence of what is happening is in everybody’s mind, Mr. President. We want what you want, peace in Cyprus, and we want respect the resolution. We expect that the members of the Council Will show respect for thatresolution calling upon the party that bas broken it to respeot it. If violations of the resolution and the cesse-fire cari take place with impunity, it will be an incentive 3/ Ibid. - 200. That is why 1 believe not only that it is my duty to bring these facts to youx notice and to ask you to tske appropriate measures, but also that it is your responsibility to act in such a way as to ensure the prestige of the Security Council and its resolution among the parties concerned and the world at large, and the respect for that resolution in the interest of peaoe.

The fact that this meeting of the Security Council had to be called at all, at the insistence of the representative of the Greek Cypriot Government, is highly regrettable. The intention is obvious, There are many hopeful signs on the horizon. The cesse-fire has been observed by Turkey. Theunfortunate Island is beginning to tend toits wounds, and the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus and the other United Nations organs are preparing to resume their efforts to bring not just an unstable ceasefire but lasting peace to the island. 202. The Prime Minister of Turkey, Mr. InSnii, has just sent a warm and conciliatory message to Mr. Papandreou, the Prime Minister of Greece, expressing the hope and the anticipation that the question of Cyprus may be solved within one month. If you Will allow me, Mr. President, 1 should like to read that message: “At the present time there is in Cyprus an administration which plays in an irresponsible manner with the destiny of the Turkish and Greek nations, and undermines in a systematic way the foundation of the collaboration and peace established between our peoples at the end of a long and difficult endeavour. “1 should like to inform you most sinoerely that the conviction that you are fully supporting the Administration in Cyprus and encouraging it in its unlawful oonduot has proved to be extremelyprejudicial to the relations between our countries. We still have the conviction that the maintenance of the friendly relations between our countries is a requirement of our reciprocal national interest. In this respect the Turkish Government, on its part, has continued to make every effort, as it did in the past. However, a very grave situation prevails in Cyprus now, and it is necessary to put an immediate end to the situation. TO this effect, it is urgently necessary to take the following measures: “(2) Peace in Cyprus must be restored immediately and completely; “(bJ The Greek Cypriot leaders must be made t0 understand that they cannot obtain any results with faits accomplis; 203. In view of a11 this it was to be expected that the Makarios Government and its representatives would act true to fosm and throw a monkey-wrench into the mnchinery. We have been convened to listen a long monologue, to a sad tale of spurious charges, as usual. It is not to be wondered at that the Government of Makarios should be entirely undismayed world public opinion, 204. The Press of the entire world has unanimously blamed Archbishop Makarios for the latest incidents in Cyprus. And here 1 quote two excerpts, among others. From the New York World-Telegram 10 August 1964: “The villain in Cyprus is its President, Archbishop Makarios, an ambitious politician in ecclesiastic robes, He seems determined to exterminate the Turkish minority.” ‘rom the New York Herald Tribune of 10 August: tThere can be no doubt about the responsibilityfor causing the crisis. It rests squarely upon theshoulders of Archbishop Makarios and his Government. , ,It

May 1 raise a point of order, Mr. President? a 06. The PRESIDENT: 1 must, however muchIregret it, remind the representative of Cyprus that Member States invited to participate in the debates of the Security Council without a vote do not have the right t0 interfere or intervene or raise points oforder with regard to the procedure of the Counoil.

Thank you, Mr. President.

I request the representative of Turkey to continue his statement,

Thank you, Mr. President. If you Will allow me, 1 shall start again the quotation from the New York Herald Tribune 1 was reading. “There cari be no doubt about the responsibility for causing the crisis. It rests squarely upon the shoulders of Archbishop Makarios and his Government. It is they who have persistently fought, defiance of truces and in spite of the presence of a 210. Quite undismayed by this universal stigmatization, no sooner does the cesse-fire go into effect than the Foreign Minister of the Greek Cypriot Government, on a trip to Athens, declares that the Greek Cypriots Will neves withdraw to the positions they occupied befose 5 August, and that they would rather die than give way. Those are fighting words from an aggressor who has just been made to toc the line by the Security Council. 210. Ministre chypriote alors en vigueur, jamais et qu’ils On notera un agresseur par le Conseil 211. saire 211. Again, Mr. A. G. Soteriades, the High Commissioner of Cyprus in London, declared on Sunclay: ffCyprus Will not reconsides its position even if the third world war is going to happen. . , those who want to avoicl it, let them do what they cari to avoid it, but Cyprus Will not do il;.” Ces gouvernement promettre Those wosds alone are enough to show how this irresponsible, illegitimate Government is capable of endangering the peace and security of the entire world. 212. And today we have again been convened, on the insistence of Mr. Rossides, SO that once again this organ of the United Nations, which has just made a great achievement by bringing about a cesse-fire, may be subjected to his antics. We have seen how, during the first part of this meeting, the melodrama of the telephone calls was acted out with great histrionic ability, SO that the time could be stretched in the hope of widening the international complications of the question, Today we must meet SO that the efforts to restore tranquillity to the island may be sabo taged. 212. sur cet organe r&ultat le-feu avons cette reunion, a Bté ex&cute talent, de provoquer santes. sions vue de retablir 213. le Premier une lettre lire deux paragraphes 213. In a letter of yesterday’s date addressed to you, Mr. President, by my Prime Minister [S/5875]41 in response to your appeal it was said, and 1 quote the two relevant paragraphs: “We are therefore compelled, Mr, President, to watch closely the events in the area. As long as the cesse-fire is not wholly implemented and as long as the United Nations Peace-keeping Force cannot ensure restoration of the conditions existing beîore the fighting erupted in the region on 5 August 1964 and succeed in pacifying the island by establishing a firm control over import of arms and personnel, there is always a danges of a new flare-up, On the other hand, we have learned through bitter experiences and deceptions since 21 December 1963 that the Greek Cypriot authorities are not in the least mindful of their obligations and promises and are apt to break their word as soon as the opportunity “Therefore, until UNFICYP cari effectively and freely control the cesse-fire; and until thepacification of the island is effectively carried out, the Turkish Governm.ent Will be in constant vigilance, 11 214. I am sure the Council Will readily understand that the present cesse-fire would be meaningless unless the Greek Cypriots withdrew to the positions they occupied before their last attack, on 5 August. Otherwise, the Turkish Cypriots, who are confined to a narrow strip of beach and otherwise completely surrounded could be wiped out as the result of a sudden renewed attack by the Greeks. 215. On the other hand, there is a very important legal and ethioal side of the question. If the aggressive Greek Cypriots are allowed to hold on to the fruits of their aggression-their ill-gotten gains-that would constitute paying a premium to aggression, which would be completely incompatible with the United Nations Charter and the United Nations presence on the island. Consequently, the Turkish Government feels compelled to observe constant vigilance until the Greeks have retreated to their previous positions, 16. It was that necessity for constant vigilance that rompted the reconnaissance flights of Turkish airraft over Cyprus which were effected today. The Yerflights cari in no way endanger the peace but re only a precautionary measure necessitated by the ,ravity of the situation, The real danger to peace in ;he area is the danger of Greek troop concentrations, It would be proper for the Council to dwell on this source of danger. The events of the last few days have shown that the mandate of the United Nations Force in Cyprus should either be extended in scope or interpreted in such a way as to enable it to oper- 1 i ate more effectively. The Security Council would ! render a great service to peace if it would promptly I take the matter in hand. 217. You Will realize that the picture would be different if we were face to face with a normal, legitimate, reliable government in Cyprus. But unfortunately that is not the case. How cari we trust the Greek Cypriot Government to deal fairly with the United Nations Force, in view of that Government’s past record? 218. The magazine Newsweek of New York-the issue dated 17 August 1964, which appeared today-contains the following account: “From Cyprus last week Newsweek correspondent Joe Alex Morris Jr. reported. there has been an almost oontemptuous disregard for the U.N. Force. Freedom of movement for the soldiers with the U.N. blue berets has been SO restricted lately that the British contingent in the vital Lim.assol area has That, 1 believe, gives a very good picture of the situation. 219. Furthermore, Mr. President,youwillrecall that in Archbishop Makarios’ reply [S/58’76]y to your recent appeal, he said: “For the information of Your Excellency we had unilaterally ordered a cesse-fire in the evening of Saturday, 8 August.” But here is the statement of the Swedish Colonel Jonas Waern, and I quote from The Washington Post of yesterday: Vwedish Colonel Jonas Waern, comm.ander of United Nations Swedish troops in the region of the village of Xeros, near Kokkina, told the United Press-International that the Turkish jets had been patrolling overhead Sunday morning”-that is, on 9 August-“but did not attack until after the Greek Cypriots had resumed their offensive on the besieged port”. Je souhaite colonel que le nom - ne lui vaille cet officier massacre Makarios. I do sincerely hope that this Swedish Colonel Jonas Waern-who is only a name to me-will not, on ac- Count of his veracity, suffer the same fate as the British officer who was abducted and doubtless butchered by the armed forces of the Makarios Government. 220. ait ordonne savons environ, Thimayya du cessez-le-feu. se sont n’avaient Unies, des rapports combats 220. It is not true that Archbishop Makarios ordered a cesse-fire on 8 August 1964. We bave been informed that on Sunday, 9 August, at about 11 o’clook in the morning, Arohbishop Makarios told General Thimayya that he rejected the basic conditions of the cesse-fire. Furthermore, the events thereafter show that the firing had not stopped. A United Nations press bulletin published on Sunday at 3.58 p.m. and based on the reports received at 12.15 a-m. reported heavy fighting continuing in the regiog of Kokkina. 221. La le Sec&taire 221. Those are the present reports. No doubt the truth Will corne out when the Seoretary-General is ready with his report. 222. raid le de Turcs depuis Bgalement 222. Mr. Rossides made much of a certain aircraft raid yesterday morning, I believe, on the village of Polis-where, incidentally, dozens of Turks had been confined to a school house and besieged for many months. This raid has been mentionedinoertain news reports as well. Al1 Icansayis that my Govern- 223. Mr. Rossides also mentioned a case of certain Turkish destroyers which were outside the Kokkina area, That was the incident which nearly brought the Security Council back into session. Of course, at the time it was a “major invasion”, very similar to the tlmajor invasion” which nearly took place the first day, the first hour, in fact, of this debate. 1 have no -eports on the presence of the destroyers. 1 am quite repared to believe that they were there. As to what hey were doing there, 1 cari imagine that they were 2 make sure that the Greek Cypriot attack would not ;tart. Mr. Rossides himself has said that what happened in Kokkina could not be seen. There again we have to wait for the report of the Secretary-General. 224. It is said that some good cornes out of each calamity. Prom the tragic events of the last few days and the Security Council’s appeal and the resolution which followed, one thing has clearly emerged, namely, that the usurped and unconstitutional Government of Makarios cari no longer carry on its unlawful activities, its violations of the Council’s resolutions, under the cloak of “acts of government”. What in fact has happened is this: with unending repetition the representative of the Greek Cypriot Government has tried to prove to the Security Council, and tried to make the Council admit, that the criminal assault of the Greek Cypriots was the act of a sovereign government tsying to quel1 a rebellion on its soil. That myth has been exploded once and for all. The fact that the Council resolution calls upon the Government of Cyprus order the armed forces under its control to cesse fire immediately signifies that the Council does not regard the Government of Cyprus as a sovereign govexnment capable of taking what actionitpleases on its own soil, since no such appeal could have gone out to a sovereign government. It is time that the usurpers of government fully realized that fact and began to co-operate with 225. Mr, Rossides likes very much to return to the terms of nazism. He accused me of the “big lie”. That word has not been used around this Council table before. Even the most brazen lie has beeneuphemistically referred to as a ttdistortionlt, or in some other way. But the very fact that Mr. Rossides chooses to adopt the terminology of nazism is indicative of the montality of his Government. He has just said that his Government wants peace in Cyprus. Hitler’ wanted peace in Europe. He wanted to have peace in Europe for a thousand years, but he wanted to impose this on Europe on his own terms. That is not the kind of peace we want in Cyprus; we want an agreed and negotiated settlement. 225. termes rir jamais les mensonges par autres ait est révelateur Il vient la paix Europe. mais ses paix un reglement 226. Mr. BIT%OS (Greece) (translatedfrom French) : The information available to my Government confirms what the representative of Cyprus has just told the Council about events on Cyprus this morning. There was, in fact, a violation of the Republic’s air space. That violation is also grossly inconsistent with the appeal which you yourself, Mr. President, addressed to the Government of Turkey, among others, on 9 August and which the Turkish Prime Minister, in his letter of 10 August [5/5875], accepted without reservation. In particular, Mr. Inonü said: 226. clisiose representant concerne Il y a eu effectivement de contradiction par au Gouvernement Ministre a accepté notamment: h votre d’arrêter au-dessus l’agression mise peril “1 have the honour to inform you that upon your appeal, the Turkish Government bas decided to stop immediately the action of the Turkish aircraft over the Mansoura-Kokkina region, where the recent large-soale aggression of the Greek Cypriot forces is endangering the lives of the whole Turkish population . . , II 227. The action carried out this morning by the Turkish Air Force is, in our opinion, also contrary to paragraph 4 of the resolution submitted by the United Kingdom and United States delegations and adopted by the Security Council on 9 August [S/5868], inwhich a11 States were called upon “to refrain from any action that might exacerbate the situation or contribute to the broadening of hostilities”. 227. est, graphe de securité délegations dans laquelle nir ou contribuer 228. ceux l’a suite commise ment causant 228. It should be noted, as the representative of Cyprus pointed out, that the above-mentioned incidents-those which occurred this morning-came in the wake of the violation of Cypriot territorial waters on the evening of 9 August and the bombardment of certain localities on Cyprus yesterdaymorning, which caused a number of casualties. 229. mation d’actes une violation commise lui, Rhodes, 229. It is my duty to add for the Security COUnCil'S information that in addition to these aggressive aCtS against Cyprus there has also been aprovocative violation of Greek air space, committed this morning by a Turkish aircraft of the RF-84F type which at 11 a.m. flew over the island of Rhodes, a Greek island, from north to south at an altitude of 1,500 feet. 231. That,‘then, is the problem, and it is quite clear. I was very sorry to hear the Turkish representative introduce completely extraneous elements into the clear-tut problem we must deal with today, He saw fit to make a persona1 attack on the President of the Republic of Cyprus. 1 even wonder why he needed to cal1 SO many United States newspapers andperiodicals in evidence. Here in this hall he has had the most officia1 and authoritative support and assistance from the United States delegation itself, SO that he has no need to resort to United States newspapers and periodicals, 232. The question is whether these facts are true and have been confirmed. Was there or was there not a violation of Cypriot air space this morning? Furthermore, was the condition set by Mr. In8nil observed or not? Did the Greek Cypriots break the cesse-fire which they themselves established on Saturday afternoon? 233. 1 respecffully request the Security Council, through you, Mr. Presiclent, to ask the Secretary- General to give us a11 the information at his disposal. After all, the United Nations is present on Cyprus. If the facts we have just mentioned are not confirmed, the delegation of Greeoe Will not press the matter; but if these fa.&s are corroborated by the information transmitted by the United Nations authorities present on Cyprus, then it seems to me that the Cypriot representative’s request that Turkey should be called to order by an immediate resolution of the Security Council has been submitted in proper form.

1 now cal1 on the Searetary- General, who has indicated his desire to make a statement to the Council.

In the light of the statements just made at this meeting, 1 feel it incumbent upon me to set the record straight with regard to certain facts. 236. In the statement relating to thecease-firewhich 1 1 issued in the early eveningof 10 August and circulatedl to the Security Council as document S/5879,0/ 1 stated i‘ that the cesse-fixe called for by the President of the Security Council and by the resolution of the Security Council of 9 August, is in effect. 1 was able to make that statement because of the favourable responses received from the President of Cyprus on the morning 6/ Ibid A 238. As to incidents occurring after the Security Counoil’s decision of 9 August, but before receipt, on 10 August, of the favourable responses from the two parties, I am informed that, at 8 a.m., local time, on Monday, 10 August, two Turkish jet aircraft made three runs over Polis, firing in the course of two of them. Only an estimnte of the casualties was possible, but they were not thought to be in excess of ten. 1 have no knowledge of the statement 1 have just heard attributed to an officer of the United Nations Force in Cyprus. 239. The United Nations Force in Cyprus has reported that, after midnight of 9 August-thatis,during the early hours of 10 August-two motor torpedo-boats were seen by the United Nations investigator to be lying in the harbour of Kokkina. An aerial reconnaissance was made over the area at 4.30 a.m., local time, In the increasing daylight, the reconnaissance oraft located one destroyer, two motor torpedo-boats, and one trawler-type fishing vessel, steaming north from the Kokkina-Mansoura area at 15 knots, fifteen miles north of the Cyprus toast. The investigator believed that no landings had been made, but that supplies had most certainly been unloaded. 240. 1 am also informed that sporadic firing took place at around 6 a.m. on 10 August, the firing coming from both sides, which the Commander of the United Nations Force in Cyprus believes could be attributed to the fact that information about the cesse-fire had not reached a11 of the outposts. This firing subsequently died away on both sides. 241. The Commander of the Force states that he has no information about a Greek airoraft bombing the village of Kokkina on the morning of 9 August, since there were no United Nations troops in that area at the time. ., 242. As to the reference that has been made to the time taken by the United Nations investigator in reaching Kokkina, 1 need say only that there was no delay. The Commander of the Force was informed of the report concerning the Turkish vessels only shortly before midnight. He immediately sent instructions to the Commander in the area to proceed to Kokkina to investigate. The message had to reach the officer in the area, who then travelled by car to Kokkina, through several Greek Cypriot road-blocks. He travelled at night a distance of twenty miles, through both Greek and Turkish Cypriot lines, but

1 am very glad that the representative of Turkey spoke because if he had not spoken there might have been a shadow of a doubt whether he could have some justification, which did not put forward, for Turkey’s conduct. His reply made it abundantly clear that he has nothing to say because he did not reply to the charges made today, for which purpose this meeting was called, and by not replying to them he confirmed them. Purthermore, he did not take the trouble to ask for information from the United Nations Secretariat about the reports from Cyprus because if he had, he would not have said what he did say, which is further confirmation that he does not know what has happened in Cyprus; he is not informed by his Government and he does not want to be informed by the United Nations Secretary- General. 244. He showed particularly good taste in making a persona1 attack-which was quite uncalled for-on President of Cyprus and quoting vituperative phrases from newspapers that certainly should not have been quoted here. 245. He said tbat Cyprus does not have a normal, legitimate Government. This conception of a normal, legitimate Government is a Government like that of Turkey, which cornes to the Security Council pretends to respect it and the world Organization and its resolutions, and im.mediately does the contrary. This is what he calls the normal form for a Government, But we shall not follow that example. 246. With regard to bis reference to the Nazis, the representative of Turkey said that by sefesring to the “big lie”, we were using nazi phraseology. that term was used by those who were against Hitler% lies not by Hitler himself. 247. What was the reaction of my country to Hitler and his conduct? This cari be seen from the fact that thousands of Cypriots voluntarily joined the British army and fought agains t Hitlerism, which they were not obliged to do. Greeoe was destroyed and suffered famine and every kind of destruction in fighting Hitlerism, while Turkey was doing its best not to take any part in that fight. SO, when he’s referring Hitler, the representative of Turkey is on very slippery ground, and 1 would advise him in the future avoid any reference to Hitler and his war because it reminds us of Turkey’s conduçt dusing that war. 248. But what is important now is not to answer diversionary points which have been brought up by the representative of Turkey in a hopeless effort to distract attention from the point at issue-the conduct of his Government after the oease-fire. We do not want in any way to go on discussing theseproblems, but we do want to say clearly that it is time that Turkey, 249. Nor cari Turkey disregard with impunity the resolutions of the Security Council and bring terror and tension to Cyprus and create new trouble in the area, We have to respect the resolution. My country is cletermined to respect it, and it has shown a11 along its respect for the United Nations, It is necessary to have a resolution, as 1 said before, that is brief and courteous, if you wish, but effective, SO that there shall be no repetition of these violations of the Charter, violations of the Security Council resolutions, violations of the cesse-fire, with effects that may escalate to very serious trouble in the world. 1 therefore request the President of the Security Council, if there are no other speakers, to allow a few moments for the members to consider what form the resolution might take. 249. résolutions B Chypre de nouveaux observer conformer l’organisation l’ai résolution. vous le souhaitez, n’y ait plus des cessez-le-feu, devenir donc au President pas d’autres quelques minent la forme 250. 1 take this opportunity on behalf of my Government and my country to express our whole-hearted support of the United Nations and our gratitude for what the United Nations is doing, and partioularly our gratitude to the Secretary-Generalfor his contribution to the pacification of Cyprus. 250. Je au nom de mon gouvernement nous appuyons Unies et que nous sommes Unies leur contribution 251, In this connexion, 1 should like to mention that when 1 said that over three hours elapsed from the time the order was given until the time the Swedish colonel arrived at Kokkina, it was not intended as a reflection on his slow pace in covering the distance of twenty miles, but to point out that in fact he was unable to arrive in time to see what was happening. Therefore, when he arrived the destroyers had already left, and it could not be seen whether any men at a11 had landed, and if SO, how many. 251. lorsque entre riv8e pas lui reprocher rir qu’il se passait, quand si des hommes firmative, 252. That was my puxpose. 1 have no doubt that the Swedish officer must have done his best to arrive as soon as possible, under the circumstances, but the fact remains that he did not arrive intime, and therefore we have no picture of what was happening at Kokkina with respect to landings in the meanwhile. We know that supplies were found there which were brought by the destroyers, but of course the human beings that were brought would not be lying about on the shore. They must have gone inside, SO we have no proof that they were there. The destroyer surely must have brought something more than supplies. However , that is not our primary concern. Our primary concern is the overflights which have to be stopped. 1 request a few momen& of recess for the Security Council members to give consideration to this matter if you, Mr. President, and the other members think it advisable. 252. que l’officier donne dement possible, est qui s’est dtsbarquements. ravitaillement hommes, sur terres de leur amen8 que du ravitaillement. principale tiellement fin, pour sent sentants jugez souhaitable.

We have just heard the statement of the representative of Cyprus, at whose request the Security Council is holding a new meeting. We have also heard the statement made by the Secretary-General, 255. In that connexion the Soviet delegation deems it necessary, at the present stage of discussion of the matter and at this meeting, to make the following observations. 256. As is known, the message sent by Mr. Khrushchev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, to Mr. Ismet Inonil, Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey, on 9 August 1964 [S/5873, annex. sec. Il?/-one of three’ messages from the Chairman of the Council of Ministers on that subject which have now been issued as an officia1 Security Council document-stresses the following: “The use of arms is not a suitable means of solving complex questions of relations betweennationalities, The attempt to impose byforceof arms a solution which does not conform with the interests of the people oan only aggravate the situation further, expand the conflict and increase the danger of war; and the Soviet Government has already drawn the attention of the Turkish Government to this fact.” 257. It is clear to everyone that the primary task, at the present moment, is to restore peaoe in Cyprus. The population and Government of Cyprus cari and should themselves settle matters which fa11 within the domestic competence of the Republio of Cyprus, without any foreign intervention. The Greek and Turkish Cypriots and their Government should have the opportunity to settle their own affairs by peaoeful means, in a situation of oalm., taking into aceount the interests of both communities. 258, The Soviet Government considers that theunited Nations should do everything in its power effectively to put an end to the bloodshed in Cyprus. In that way, favourable conditions would be created for the peace- 1/ Ibid 4 260. The question should be settled on the basis of respect for the sovereign rights of the Republic of Cyprus-a Member of the United Nations-through the withdrawal of a11 foreign troops from Cyprus. It is precisely on this basis that tranquillity cari be restored in the Eastern Mediterranean and the hotbed of tension in that area stamped out. 260. respect Chypre, par C’est quillite le foyer 261. Such are the remarks which we deeme’d it necessary to make at this time. 261. juge5 nécessaire 262. 1 do not insist on consecutive interpretation into English and French. 262. de ma declaration 263. Je n’ai d’avoir Chypre, born8 table, 263. MI?. ERALP (Turkey): 1 have only a few words to say. It is with reference to the accusation that has been made against me of having attacked the person of the President of Cyprus. Par be it from my mind to do that. 1 was merely quoting from a very respectable New York paper, the New York World- Telegram. 264. English is not my vernacular, nor is it the vernacular of Mr. Rossides. But may 1 respectfully point out that the word %illaintt need net be vituperative. It is very often used in the sense of an antagonist as opposed to the protagonist in a drama. Perhaps 1 should have said the hero in Cyprus is its President. 264. ce n’est puis-je anglais Il est tr&s par aurais-je Président 265. As for Turkey’s role in the Second World War, that is a very sensitive subject. The part played by Turkey-the honourable part played by Turkey-during the Second World War has been fully appreciated and estimated by many statesmen of allied countries and by eminent historians, and 1 think Mr. Rossides is hardly qualified to pass judgement on that. 265. guerre délicat. et des historiens et la Turquie n’est sujet. 266. And Mr. President, thank you for your suggestion about certain similes and metaphors that have been brought into this debate. 1 myself would rather not see them used, and 1 hope that your suggestions will find receptive ears with Mr. Rossides, who was the first one to inject that unpleasant topic into this debate. 266. votre et m&aphores rerais, j’espére favorable à donner 267. Mr, USHER (Ivory Coast) (translated from French): We note with some satisfaction, Mr. President, that your appeal has been heeded and that the shooting has stopped. Accordingly, we should like to express our gratitude to the parties for complying with Article 25 of the Charter of the United Nations which requires them “to accept and carry out the decisions of the Security Council., .“. Nevertheless, the facts reported to us cause us some concern, particularly the flight over Cypriot territory. FrOm any objective viewpoint, there cari be no doubt that after the bombardments and the unhappy events which have taken place in that territory, the least overflight 267. une certaine l’appel armes exprimer qu’elles des Nations et d’appliquer NBanmoins, sont survol objectivement, bombardements 81 Ibid., mars 8/ Ibid., Nineteenth Year, Supplement for January, February and March 1964. 268. Turkey, for its part, refers to the consequences of the last battle. The debate, however, continues here and the decision we took was only a provisional one. Consequently, no one cari prejudge the final result of our debate and the final decision the Council will adopt. We are now a party to the Cyprus problem, and this is SO because the parties concerned called on us. We consider that they must do everything they oan to help us solve this difficult problem, which is a threat to peace. We would therefore ask each of them to comply in full with the resolution of 9 August 1964 [S/5868]. We would especially recall paragraph 4 of that resolution and ask the parties to comply with it, 269. Such being the situation, we think that you, Mr. President, at the end of the debate and if the other members of the Council agree, could make a kincl of summary expressing the Council’s desire to see the parties comply fully with our resolution, ontheunderstanding that the debate continues and that the final decision has not yet been taken. By compliance with the resolution of 9 August 1 mean in particular the suspension of a11 flights over the territory of Cyprus pending the Council’s final decision.

During the discussion on the draft resolution, on 9 August, our delegation expressed its objections and stated why it coulcl not associate itself fully with the sponsors of that text and why it was obliged to abstain from voting. The principal obstacle was that in view of the situation the Security Council was then facing, it would have been necessary to make a distinction between the aggressor and the victim of the aggression. We stressed that in calling for a ceasefire, the Council must guarantee not only the cessation of military operations, but also-and this in accordance with the Council’s earlier decisions-the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Cyprus against any foreign aggression of intervention, 271, After the appeal issued by the President of the Security Council and by the Council itself, whioh was accepted by the parties, the facts have shown that the defects of the resolution were such that it was inadequate to ensure a true restoration of peace on the island. Although the resolution failed to make a distinction between the aggressor and the victim of the aggression, subsequent events have made that distinction extraordinarily clear. This has been confirmedby the facts adduced here by the delegations of both Cyprus and Greece, and, among other things, by the information given to us by the Secretary-General. 272. In the present situation, my delegation holds the view that the Security Council really cannot allow its decisions-which, incidentally, 1 am obliged to say 273. It is absolutely necessary for the Security Council to reaffirm its own decisions fully and emphatically and to demand their unconditional application. The Council must state without any equivocation that military actions such as the violation of the air space of a sovereign State Member of our Organization by military aircraft, and a11 other actions of the same kind are wholly inconsistent with the provisions of the resolution adopted by the Council on 9 August. If the Council failed in this duty, it would incur its share of responsibility for the grave consequences which might ensue from silence on the part of the United Nations with regard to violations of Security Council decisions and to the fact that some of the Organization’s Members, contrary to the principles of the United Nations, think they cari undertake unila teral actions and resort to force on pretext‘s which have nothing to do with self-defence. And yet that is how th’ese Members have attempted to justify their aggression. 273. Il est absolument nécessaire que le Conseil de s8curit8 affirme pleinement et énergiquement ses propres décisions et qu’il exige qu’elles soient appliqu8es sans condition. Il faut que le Conseil déclare sans aucune équivoque que des actions militaires telles que la violation de l’espace aérien d’un Etat souverain, Membre de notre organisation, par des avions militaires nature, se trouvent en contradiction flagrante avec les dispositions de la résolution qui a été adopthe le 9 août par le Conseil de sécuritb. Si ce dernier manquait & ce devoir, il prendrait sa part de responsabilité des graves const5quences que pourrait entrafner des violations Bgalement du fait pensent - contraisement aux principes des Nations Unies - qu’il leur est possible d’entreprendre actions unilatérales sous des pr&extes divers qui n’ont rien a voir avec la légitime défense. C’est pourtant ainsi que ces Membres de 1’ONU ont tentb de justifier leur agression. 274. My delegation considers that the statement of the representative of the Republic of Cyprus and the suggestions he put forward should be taken into consideratien by the Security Council and that violations of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Cyprus and defiance of the Council’s decision should be condemned. 274. Ma délégation estime que les paroles prononcées par le représentant de la République de Chypre et les suggestions quIils a présentées devraient être prises en considération par le Conseil de securité et que les violations de la souveraineté et de l’inté- grité territoriales apporté aux decisions du Conseil devraient Etre r8prouvés.

1 think it is safe to say that a11 of us in the Security Council feel encouraged and relieved after the turn in the events that had caused us SO much concern andworry in the lastfew hours. It seems to my delegation that there is one basic fact: the slaughter has ceased. 1 trust 1 am not wrong when 1 say that it seems that no blood is being shed in Cyprus at the moment. We have been informed that in point offact, yesterday and again this morning, there were further violations of Cypriot territory. Al1 these acts are equally reprehensible, but fortunately-and this is the point that 1 wish to stress-these lamentable events have net resulted in persona1 tragedies. The situation has improved, and any impartial observer is boundto recognize that an effort has been made by both contending forces. This proves that the Security Council’s course of action was wise. 275. M. CASTRILLO JUSTINIANO (Bolivie) [traduit de ltespagnol]: Je ne crois pas me tromper en affirmant que tous les membres du Conseil de sécurité eprouvent un sentiment de d&ivrance et de soulagement au sujet de 1’8volution des événements qui ont étB 51 l’origine préoccupations au cours des dernigres heures. Ma dé1Bgation estime qu’un fait capital est intervenu: les massacres ont pris fin. Il semble que l’on puisse maintenant dire, et j’espère ne pas me tromper, que Chypre a désormais ces& d’être mise 2 feu et & sang, Ainsi qu’on l’a signalé hier et ce matin, on a enregistré, en fait, d’autres violations du territoire nables les uns que les autres, mais heureusement - et c’est sur ce quoi j’insiste et ce que je mets en relief - ces déplorables Bv&ements ne se sont sold& par aucun prbjudice pour les individus, La situation s’est améliorée et quiconque juge d’un point de vue impartial deux parties en presence font un effort. C’est ce qui prouve que le Conseil de sécurite s’est engagé sur la bonne voie. 276. Ma délégation, comme toutes les autres, sepré- pare au débat sur les questions de fond. On connait sa position: elle ne peut consister qu’è défendre le droit, 276. My delegation, together with a11 the others, is preparing for substantive debate. Its position, which is well known, cari only be support of the law, the only weapon that small, weak countries like Cyprus cari

It was with the greatest satisfaction that the Brazilian delegation received the information that the cesse-fire which the Security Council haddecided upon in its resolution of 9 August was being observed by the Governments of Turkey and Cyprus. An immediate cesse-fire was the main objective the Council’s decision, beoause it will surely lead to conditions in which we cari study the situation and take further measures to bring about the final solution of the crisis. 279. We have heard the information given by the Secretary-General and the statements of the representatives of Cyprus and Turkey. In the light of those statements and that information, the Council, as the representative of the Ivory Coast wisely suggested, should cal1 on both parties ta comply scrupulously with the resolution of 9 August. The facts adduced here do not, in my opinion, cal1 for a new resolution by the Council, beoause they are covered by operative paragraph 4 of the resolution. 280. It is for these reasons that the delegation Brazil is able to support the suggestion just made by the delegation of the Ivory Coast.

Pirst of all, 1 think it would be remiss of me not to say how much 1 appreciated the statement by the representative of Bolivia, who demonstrated once again the gallant spirit of his country by lending his support to a small nation like Cyprus. 282. 1 was greatly distressed to hear the suggestion made by the representative of the Ivory Coast and supported by the representative of Brazil. 1 attempted to prove to the Council that this morning there was a violation-on Turkey’s part, at least-of the Security Council’s appeal for a cesse-fire, and that there has been no violation of the cesse-fire on the Greek Cypriot side since that appeal was made and the resolution adopted. That is clear; it has been confirmed by the most authoritative source, the Secretary- General himself. 28 3. TO place the two parties on the same footing once again, SO as to go on sparingfeelings, is a very dangerous procedure. 1 am wholly convinced that the proposa1 was made in good faith andin a constructive spirit; I corne from that part of the Mediterranean, and 1 know the state of mind prevailing there; 1 must, with a full sense of my responsibilities, inform the representa- 285. What were those facts? The facts were that there 285. hns been no proof of thc violation of the cesse-fire part, and the resolution on the part of Cy-prus; and there cessez-le-feu was a confirmation of violation-almost admittedet, d’autre of the cesse-:Tire and of the resolution, on the part of tion - Turkey. Consecluently, the resolution to be adopted la r&solution must be directed to the guilty party; it cannot be la résolution equally directed to the innocent party, because then it coupable: becomes meaningless: and it is imporiant that a à la partie resolution of the Security Council should not be sens; meaningless and unrelated to the lacts that produced sécurite it. Therefore, 1 trust that a resolution will be adopted port that Will bring about the essence of this discussion J’espère donc que le Conseil adoptera une résolution and that will contribute to the continuance of the reflétant l’essentiel du d8bat et contribuant h assurer cesse-fire, without interruption, by the party that has le respect ininterrompu du cessez-le-feupar lapartie already broken it. qui l’a déjà viol& 286. If Cyprus at any time would break the ceasefire-and 1 cari guarantee it will not-then, of course, it should be called upon to respect it. But when it has not violated the cesse-fire, how could it be called upon to respect it? 286. Si Chypre, à un moment quelconque, venait & violer cela ne se produira pas - alors, bien entendu, mon pays devrait être rappel6 3 l’ordre. n’a pas violé le cessez-le-feu, lui demander de le re’specter? 281. We have to face the facts as they are, and act accordingly. 1 very humbly submit that the appeal should be addressed to the party who is delinquent in this respect. 287. Nous devons voir les faits tels qu’ils et agir en con&quence. Je demande respectueusement au Conseil d’adresser l’appel B la partie coupable. 288. M. la part de mon coll@ue de la Grèce, un discours extrêmement pénible pour la Côte-d’Ivoire. que sur ce probl&me la position de mon pays est bien connue et qu’elle a été clairement definie au cours des séances précédentes.

1 have heard from my Greek colleague a statement which is most distressing to the Ivory Coast.. 1 believe that my country’s position on this problem is well known and has been clearly defined in the course of previous meetings. 289. As 1 stated here on 9 August, the Ivory Coast considers that we must await the Secretary-General’s report, which 1 believe to be Ear more objective than other accounts, before taking a final position on the substance of the problem before us. 289. La Côte-d’Ivoire estime, comme je l’ai exprimé ici le 9 août, qu’il laut attendre le rapport - qui sera je crois plus objectif que nos dbbats - du Secrétaire g&néral avant de prendre quant au fond du probléme dont nous sommes saisis. 290. Pour ce qui concerne la position intgrimaire que représente la résolution que nous avons nciopt&e, la Côte-d’Ivoire inspirée surtout par le souci de sauvegarder la paix: les autres problèmes sont secondaires. Il faut donc d’abord arrêter tous les actes qui y poussent; on réglera ensuite les probl&!mes connexes - politiques ou juridiques. C’est là l’objectif Côte-d’Ivoire pris assez souvent des initiatives detendre l’atmosph&re et d’eviter passions; c’est ainsi que l’on doit comprendre la position 290. SO far as the iuterim positionrepresentedby the resolution we have adopted is concerned, the Ivory Coast has also defined its position clearly, prompted first and foremost by its concern to safeguard peace; the other problems are secondary. We must first stop the shooting and the killing, and a11 the acts leacling up to them; afterwards we Will settle related political or juridical prohlems. That is my delegation’s primary objective and that is why we have made not a few suggestions in the attempt to relax the atmosphere and avoid inflaming passions. It is thus the Ivory Coast’s position must be considered.

It may be of some help to the Cauncil for the President to make the following statement at this time. 293. It is my understanding that the suggestion made by the representative of the lvory Coast, and supported by the representative of Brazil, would consist of two parts: a summary of the views of the Council and the appropriate appeal to be issued as a consequence of that summary. If 1 were to make such a summary, 1 want to inform the members of the Council that it would be my intention to limit that summary to what, in my view, represents the views of the members of the Council and the parties who have spoken. Briefly, it would contain the following points. 294. First, an expression of relief because, in the assessment of the members of the Council, the situation is better now than it was when the Council last met. 295. Secondly, the statement of the facts as presented by the Secretary-General has met with approval, and there has been no opposition or no remarks made regarding the facts presented. In other words, 1 take it that the members of the Council feel that these facts as presented form an adequate basis for the Council’s further consideration of the matter. 296. Thirdly, the very important statement by the Secretary-General containcd in document S/5879, which represents both his assessment of the situation and his plan of action, has received no negative comments by any member of the Council or by any of the parties. 297. Pourthly, no member of the Council has given expression to a view whichdepartsfrom the resolution adapted by the Council on 9 August 1964 [S/5868]. 298. Lastly, the members of the Council who have spoken have made it clear that the phrase Vhe use of military force of any kind” is not subject to any limitation. It stands as it was expressed in the appeal first issued by me and later reaffirmed in the operative part of the draft resolution. 299. 1 wanted to inform thelmembers of the Council that this would form the basis upon which the President 301. au repr&entant mal entendu ou mal interprgté doutes appuy6e le représentant que l’objet parties Conseil respondait roul6$ depuis ce matin. Ayant entendules données par en terminant, un appel Chypre,

I owe the representative of the Ivory Coast an explanatien. 1 had originally misunderstoodor misinterpreted his proposa1 and my doubts were confirmed by the manner in which the representative of Brazil supported it. It had been my understanding that the abject of that proposa1 was to remind the parties of their duty to comply with the decision of the Security Council with regard to the cesse-fire, an abject not entirely consistent with the course of events since this morning. Having heard the explanation given by the representative of the Ivory Coast, who, in concluding, confirmed that his proposa1 contained an appeal for the cessation of flights over the territory of Cyprus, 1 must offer him my apologies, 302. 1 must also express my appreciation for the clarification which the representative of Brazil has just given, 302. les éclaircissements sentant du Brésil.

1 must first of a11 thank the representative of Greece, with whom we maintain very good and friendly relations, for the explanation which he bas just given. 1 must also state, Mr. President, that in the extremely clear summary which you have just given us you did not mention a point of view expressed by the majority of Council members, namely thepoint of view relating to the flights over the territory of Cyprus and the concern which those flights have aroused. 1 think that mention should be made of this matter in your summary, since I myself have referred to it, the representatives of Bolivia, the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia have also mentioned it and 1 believe it was also raised by the representative of Brazil; in fact, a11 the members of the Council who have spoken have expressed their concern in this connexion, and I feel that you should therefore mention in your summary the concern felt by certain members of the Council with regard to the flights over the territory of Cyprus. 303. remercier d’ailleurs, tres vient le résum6 PrBsident, n’avez rité de vue concernant et l’inqui&ude que, dans votre de cette j’en de l’Union Bgalement aussi, fond, parole et je crois votre membres ritoire

Let me assure the representative of the Ivory Coast that 1 shall be happy to include in my summary the information that the delegations he just mentioned have expressed their concern at the flights over Cyprus. 304. assurer serai délégations leur préoccupation

The Moroccan delegation, which has been following events in the Republic of Cyprus since last week with very great anxiety, is extremely glad that 305. caine, 6vénements de Chypre 306. My delegation has heard withparticular interest the statements made here todayby the representatives of Greece, Turkey and the Republic of Cyprus. We have noted the generallymoderate tone of the statements the desire of one and a11 to refrain from aggravating the situation. We must, however, note that, as stated by the parties themselves and in the light of the report given to us orally by the Secretary-General, some flights over the territory of Cyprus have been recorded. We consider that even if these flights are the cansequence of the latest military operations, they must cesse SO far as possible, for flights over a troubled region which has heen the scene of distressing events might well cause panic among the population. My delegation appreciates the concern of those who wish to ensure that ihe cesse-fire is properly observed in the zones of operations, but it believes that the cessation of these overflights would help very greatly to improve the situation and the political climate. It therefore considers that it would be appropriate for the Security Council ta express the hope that they will cesse. 10’7. Having said that, 1 should like on behalf of my lelegation to repeat that we are glad that the ceaselire has been observed and that no Turther military operations are proceeding on the territory of Cyprus, either on landor in the air. That is a source of particular satisfaction and my delegation wishes to commend a11 the parties concerned for having complied withthe cesse-fire order given by the Security Council.

If there is no objection, 1 would like to draw the attention of the members of the Council to the fact that the resolution adopted on 9 August, in certain parts, addresses itself to the Government of Turkey and to the Government of Cyprus. In other parts, it addresses itself to these Governments as well as to another, unspecified, party, but one which defïnitely was identified through the debate which preceded the passage of the resolution. 1 am referring to operative paragraph 2. Similarly, paragraph 3 calls upon a11 concerned to co-operate fully with the Commander of the United Nations Force in the restoration of peace and security-again, rin undefined formulation, the content and meaning of which we know. Lastly, parngraph 4 calls on a11 States, without any reservation. 309. Now a very important point has been raised by the representative of Cyprus to the effect that the ceasefire accepted by the Government of Cyprus has been

1 must apologize for taking the floor once again, but it was 1 who proposed that an appeal should be made. It appears to me that my proposa1 was clear. In the appeal which you are to make, Mr. President, it would be appropriate to cal1 on everyone, a11 States, the Commander of the United Nations Force, and the parties concerned, to comply with the Council’s resolution; that is evident. It is equally evident, however, that we are discussing precise fa&, the subject of this evening’s meeting. We consider that in view of these precise facts, part of the Presidentls appeal should express the concern we feel thiS evening, i.e., it should cal1 for the cessation of flights over the territory of Cyprus. That was the proposai 1 made. The appeal which you, Mr. President, are proposing to make is not the one I proposed. 1 repeat, my proposa1 was that the appeal should be addressed to a11 concerned to comply with the resolution and to stop the flights over the territory of Cyprus. If the members of the Council agree to this appeal, il is on these lines that it should be made, 311. prendre fait la proposition que ma proposition lancerez, de demander Commandant parties, est évident. nous discutons l’objet raison du Pr&ident soir, les la la proposition proposez pas Btait que l’appel que tous au-dessus Si les membres c’est 312. drais Côte-d’Ivoire. point qu’il a soulev8 dans le passage d’ajouter tissement, membres suggestions. Je les ai faites dnns l’espoir que le Conseil pourrait prendre une autre mesure utile, dans le sens de ce que je crois être notre objectif, a savoir mettre fin a l’emploi de la force et s’efforcer, avec prudence et persévérance, de résoudre le différend par un moyen pacifique, par voie de négociations.

Permit me to offer a word of explanation to the representative of the Ivory Coast. 1 thought that the point made by him was covered by the addition which 1 suggested should be made in the summary leading up to the appeal. May 1 then add that 1 am, of course, in the hands of the members of the Council, and 1 have made these suggestions in the hope that the Council could take another useful step for the purpose of something 1 understood to be what we desire, namely, an end to the use of military means and careful and determined work to achieve apeaceful solution through negotiation. 313. J’ajouterai différence de fond entre ce qu’a dit le reprhsentant de la Côte-d’Ivoire la nécessité de respecter scrupuleusement, pleinement et sans réserve les disposilions de la résolution. Il n’y a vgritablement pas de différence quant au sens et je propose de demander aux autres membres du Conseil de faire connaître leurs vues. 313. May 1 say to the representative of the Ivory Coast, in addition to that, that 1 did not consider that there was any difference in substance between what he said and what 1 said, namely, scrupulous observation in full, without reservation, of the provisions of the resolution. 1 want to emphasize that there is no difference in substance in my meaning, and 1 think that we should ask other members of the Council for their views. 314. M. MOROZOV (Union des Républiques socialistes soviétiques) [traduit successivement les quelques propositions que vous avez faites, Monsieur le Président, et qui n’étaient certainement pas de pure procédure mais avaient une portée politique, je n’ai cessé de me demander en

Mr. President, as 1 listened to several proposals, one after the other, wbich you formulated-proposals which were by no means procedural. but had a political content-I kept wondering in what capacity you were speaking here. 316. It is not my intention now to describe again what a11 this led to; enough has been said about it here, and the Secretary-General deals with it in his report, 1 should like at this time, with a11 due respect for your useful activities in your capacity as our President, to ask you to draw a distinction between the statements which you have the right and the duty to make as President and the statements you may make or the wishes you may express as representative of your country. 317. Having said this, 1 should like to observe that until you speak as representative of Norway, Mr. President, and submit proposals concerning the possible conclusion of this meeting, we have before us only one proposal-that made by the representative of the Ivory Coast. I repeat, with deep respect for your conduct of our debate and for your Presidential duties, that the Council at the moment has no other proposals before it. It would be inappropriate, for the reasons which 1 have given in detail, for us to consider the various points contained in your earlier suggestion, 1 am very sorry that 1 have had to speak at some length on this subject at SO late an heur, but 1 cannot subscribe to a proceclure which Will lead my delegation-and possibly also a number of other delegations, or even the entire Council-to some unknown destination. 318. Therefore, if no draft resolution has SO far been submitted to us-and if no such draft resolution is going to be submitted-then a11 we hnve before us is the proposa1 made by the representative of the Ivory Coast. Perhaps it would be well to conduct our further discussion on that basis, and consider to what 319. We have before us a very specific case in very specific circumstances, which we have discussed and which should now be clearly defined. Therefore 1 should like to say that, if there is not going to be a forma1 proposa1 or some draft resolution concerning this matter, 1 am prepared in principle to supportwith this reservation-the points made in the statement of the Ivory Coast representative. While they do not caver the entire problem and do not 1 think claim to do SO. they are at least very definitely oriented by comparison with what we had before uswhenwe began this meeting. It is not Cypriot aircraft which are flying over Turkish territory, but Turkish aircraft which are flying over Cypriot territory. 319. Nous définir de rgpéter formelle en principe proposition Si - ce elle a du moins a été proposé un objectif chypriotes mais de Chypre. 320. Thus if we state, even in the way suggested by the representative of the Ivory Coast, that In our opinion these activities conflict with the appeal which the Security Council has already twice sent to Turkey to cesse bombardments &nd any other military action against Cyprus-and the violation of a country’s air space by military aircraft of another country constitutes armed invation of the lormer’s territory, that is to say, the use of armed force, which is prohibited by the Charter-it Will be clear to whom a11 this is addressed. In this way 1 think that, in the light of the appeal to the Turkish Government which 1 have twice mentioned, we cari bring our meeting to a constructive conclusion. 320. la forme C&e-dIXvoire, 2 l’encontre a déja adressé mette vités l’espace d’un sur armée, disons l’identité pense, qui, je l’ai au Gouvernement 321. que a ceux tous, mise en garde qui serait 8. propos avions tension nouvelle 321. 1 am submitting a11 this for the consideration of those who are most closely concerned and, naturally, of those non-permanent members of the Council which have without exception, if 1 have understood the situation correctly, spoken in favour of issuing the necessary warning on behalf on the Council with respect to the flights by Turkish aircraft over Cypriot territoryflights which cannot faîl to have the effect of increasing tension and which could at any moment lead to a new flare-up. 322. Président, d’autres la parole B écouter nous pourrions ques Côte-d’Ivoire délégation Conseil, 322. 1 suggest that the President shouldnotpressany other formulation now; and if there are no other speakers on this question-I am, of course, ready to hear the opinions of a11 those who wish to express their views on it-perhaps it would be advisable to have a short suspension of the meeting SO that we could ask the representative of the Ivosy Coast, in consultation with the delegation of Cyprus and other delegations which are members of the Council, to submit, if he cari, the extremely short. and very simple formula 323. Without wanting to set any precedent, 1 am prepared ta dispense with consecutive interpretation of my statement into French and English.

1 had hoped, Mr. President, to avoid the necessity of speaking at a11 this evening. First, 1 wantto thank you for what appears to me a diligent, conscientious and resourceful effort to enable this Council to decide what to do about the complaint, and to conclude this meeting, Secondly, 1 should like to take the liberty of pointing out to the members that we have now sat here for three hours discussing an observation overflight in the first few hours of a cesse-fire in one of the most bitter and dangerous cases ever suhmitted to this Council. If nothing worse than that happens in this embittered situation, it Will be a triumph of reason and of restraint for which we and the world cari be thankful. 325. 1 think that the most useful and important thing that we cari do is to express gratification to the parties for having accepted this cesse-fire and to renew OUF cal1 for full oo-operation with the Commander of the United Nations Force to enable him to make the ceasefire effective and to observe its oompliance. Turkey Will have no excuse for any overflights if the parties comply with the cesse-fire in good faith. 326. 1 had not thought that we were going to get into a11 these details, but as long as we are, 1 repeat that we should seize the opportunity to cal1 specifically for assistance to the Commander of the Force to enable him to deploy his forces in the Mansoura-Kokkina area in order to administer the cesse-fire. That is where the recent trouble is centred and that is where the peace must be kept. 32’7. The PRESIDENT: May 1 inform the representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics that I have not spoken as the representative of Norway. May 1 further be permitted to inform him that, since it was suggested to me by two members of the Council in the hope that my views could be useful as a basis for discussion of their proposals, 1 ventured to outline what would be my views on the summary and the appeal. 1 have made no proposals. 1 would have felt ft to go beyond the purview of the office of the President were 1 to make proposals, not to speak of issuing such an appeal without having fully informed the members of the Council what the appeal would contain.

Once again the voice of the United States has been heard in this debate. 1 note the fact because it is a voice that carries great weight in my country and be- 330. You will perhaps recall, Mr. President, that during our conversation this morning 1 clearly expressed my opinion. 1 said that if Turkey really intended to provoke a conflict, no one coulddo anything; however, 1 prefer to hope that that is not Turkey’s wish. 330. le Président, matin, j’ai ai dkclaré de provoquer j’aime de la Turquie, 331. If that is not Turkey’s intention, the wise, indeed the necessary, course would be to tel1 Turkey that acts such as an observation Elight, which, at first sight have no particular significance, may, without anyone-including Turkey-desiring it, lead to a conflict, in view of the psychological climate now prevailing in that part of the Mediterranean. 331. Or, sens, que des actes de prime ordinaire, - ni même la Turquie logique de la Méditerranée, 332. 1 am surprised and distressed to note that these deeply rooted psychological factors have escaped.the attention of the United States representative, whose wisdom and persona1 qualities are, for the rest, highly esteemed by us. When 1 sat down here the day before yesterday, watched the course of the debate and took note of the original text submitted by the United States delegation, 1 said to myself “This is it. A very solemn appeal is being addressed by the Council to the two parties. Justice is being done to each”. However, the text of the appeal, which is contained in paragraph 1 of the resolution of 9 August and which called on Turkey to cesse its air attacks against Cyprus immediately and to take no further military measures of that kind, was completely absent from the draft submitted to us by the United States representative. What was the abject of that omission? Was it to strengthen the draft, as he would have us believe this evening, or to weaken it, or once again to reduce the weight of the argument and the support of the Council which, 1 must say, is at odds with the last three days’ toll of 100 or SO dead and more than 400 wounded? But the United States representative has repeated this tonight: he tells us that Turkey would have had no excuse for acting in this way but for the attacks and provocations taking place in Cyprus. 332. remarque ont cependant la sagesse estimées en voyant connaissance d616gation des Etats-Unis, sommes, la part du Conseil, d&n Mais le texte de l’appel au paragraphe tant la Turquie akriennes mesures tement absent sentant forcer l’affaiblir, force pas 100 morts trois Unis nous le rép&e n’aurait des attaques 333. But, 1 would remind the representative of the United States that, if Turkey does have an excuse, it was you who gave Turkey that excuse on 23 February 333. Mais Unis, donnge 334. 1 have considered it my duty, my very painful duty, to make this statement, but, as 1 see it, 1 am under an obligation to safeguard in Greece the prestige of our dear friend ancl ally, the United States,

1 spent some time this afternoon trying to explain the reasons for the flights over Cyprus. 1 pointed out the gravity of the situation, and 1 tried to make the impression quite clear that there is a relation of cause and effect between the situation now existing in the battle-torn area of Kokkina and Mansoura and the overflights which have been effected since then. I cari understand that at this stage the Council may be reluctant to go into the substance of the issue and pindownthe aggressor. That, 1 hope, will be done when the time cornes, and by now it is quite clear that worldpublic opinion knows who the aggxessor is. 336. But if we are to leave that aside and try to be realistic and practical and bring about a release of the tension in the area and a speedy return to normal conditions, then whatever action this Council takes this evening Will also have to be realistic. 337. 1 have said that the Turks on the narrow beach in that area are completely surrounded and at the moment are at the mercy of a far superior number of Greeks w@o have surrounded them. It is a11 very well to say: “1 have ceased firing and 1 shall not fire”; but does the Council not believe that it also constitutes a danger to hold a cocked pistol in the hand? Such is the situation there now. 338. We woulcl have hoped that the United Nations Force would speedily arrive on the scene and take the necessary measures SO that the criminal onslaught on the Turks could not be repeated. We are still hoping for this, but any recommendation, action or appeal that this Council Will make this evening, in order to be fair and realistic, Will have to take account not only of the effects, which are the overflights, but also of the cause, which is the situation there. Therefore, 1 believe it would be very useful, if any appeal is to be made, that it should also include a cal1 upon the parties to give the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus every possibility to establish security in the war-torn area.

I am afraid that the statement of the representative of the United States has raised issues that would destroy the very meaning of the Charter of the United Nations; and 1 am sure the United States does not want to destroy the 340. In regard to the overflights, such as those that have been made over Cyprus and that have been described by the Secretary-General-and from that description it appears that they were flights at low altitudes, which is still worse, because that is not merely violating the air space but also terrorizing the population. In order to stop these flights, Turkey must be convinced that they are no longer necessary, and that they constitute a negation of the Charter, a negàtion of paragraph 4 of Article 2, a negation of the prinoiple of the abolition of force, a return to the conditions before the United Nations presence, and a negation of Article 103. And 1 am perfectly certain that the record of the United States has not been, thus far, one of trying to destroy the United Nations-& least, that has been my impression, SO far. But it is a matter of very grave importance to the United Nations and to the world, if we start attackingbecause we think it suits one or another of our friends-the Charter of the United ‘Nations and the very structure of the Organization. 341. We now have to turn our attention to the problem as a whole. This meeting was called because of the flights over Cyprus, because of the terror and tension caused by these overflights, and because tension and terror are very bad counsel for the preservation of peace. 342. The representative of the Ivory Coast has advanced a proposa1 which is logical, which is the essence of what has been said by everybody here, with hardly one exception; and it appears to be the consensus of the Council, that is, the sum of what has been said; and what has been said has been clearly related to the danger arising from the flights at low altitude over Cyprus. Therefore, if there is a resolution or an expression of consensus, or whatever form the action of this Council may take, the very essence of the matter that has brought the Council here today, namely, the overflights, Will have to be mentioned, because otherwise, such a resolution would be meaningless in itself. We know very well that the resolution of 9 August, by prohibiting the use of force of any kind, provided that there should be no violation of the air space of Cyprus by overflights. But since that air space has been violated, we must specify now that the flights over Cyprus must cesse. 342. senté sence tous; Conseil, et ce qui avec le danger tude au-dessus du Conseil, expression ner réunion survols; signification. lution de force, aérien lution ciser 343. Therefore, on behalf of my country, 1 would fully accept the proposa1 of the Ivory Coast in the 343. ment

I am sorry that my colleague from Greece has been so aroused by my further plea for peace in Cyprus and for prompt and practical means of keeping it. Has anyone around this table tried barder, tried more consistently to stop the communal fighting in Cyprus for the past six months than my delegation-and for the benefit Greece, as much as for anyone else, because Greece is a peace-loving country, as eager, I believe, anyone here to see a just and a peaceful solution this peril to the peace? 1 am grateful to him for his efforts to preserve the goodwill and respect of the United States in his country. As aconsequence of what 1 had said a moment ago, 1 thoughtthe sustained effort of us all-myself included-to assist the parties, including Greece, to resolve this situation peacefully, was sufficient evidence of my country’s concern the security, for the well-being, and for the peace of the Greek people.

Tonight we have heard many statements the possible form of the appeal which you, Mr. President, might make on behalf of the Council as a whole. 346. At this late hour, I wonder whether it would not be preferable, instead of continuing our debate, interesting as it fs, to suspend our meeting for fifteen twenty minutes-and 1 make thisproposalunder rule 35 of our provisional rules of procedure-so that those of our colleagues who have taken a particularly active part in this debate might be asked to prepare a draft text. In this way we would be able to give due consideration to the proposa1 which would be placed before us, to discuss it and to adopt il with full knowledge of the facts. If, as 1 hope, this text could be adopted unanimously, or at any rate by a very large majority, it would then, of course, be for you, Mr. President, transmit it, on behalf of the Council, to all the parties concerned.

I have Iistened very carefully to a11 the statements which have been made this evening; and in view of the lateness of the hour, and of the suggestion which has just bcen made by my Trench colleague, I shall be as short as 1 cari. 348. I would like to say, to begin with, that my delegation noted with great satisfaction the replies Archbishop Makarios and the Prime Minister Turkey to the appeal dispatched by you on behalf this Council on 9 August. We have every reason believe. Irom what we have heard as to the situation in Cyprus itself that those concerned are doing a11 in their power to carry out the declarations that have been made to us. 350. The representative of Cyprus has also complained of further, more recent, overflights of the island. And it must be our hope that anything which cari be in any way provocative or oan interfere with the development of an atmosphere in which the searoh for a longer-term settlement may proceed, whichmay exacerbate tensions in the island, Will be avoided by a11 the Governments and parties concerned. But at the same time we must face the fa&, and we cannot be blind to the pressures which rest onthese Governments and parties in the tragic circumstances in Cyprus. And we must realize in particular that in Ankara there is indeed bound to be grave anxiety as 350, d’autres tous ressees provocation atmosphere B long terme, passions devons voir sible sur constances devons en particulier inevitablement munaute turque villages la situation. to the situation in the Turkish community in the island, especially in certain villages in the Mansoura area, and a desire for information as to the situation. 351. In these circumstances, if we are to follow suggestions which have been made of appealing for the cessation of overflights, we must, 1 think, ensure that there is no need for anxiety on the part of the inhabitants in the Mansours-Kokkina area. And 1 suggest that we should add a further point to the proposa1 which has been made by the representative of the Ivory Coast, that the Commander of the United Nations Force should take steps to reinforce its units in the Mansoura area in order to ensure that a11 the inhabitants may be free from any anxiety about their future and their safety, and that we should also request that a11 concerned should co-operate fully with the Force Commander to that end. 351. suite cessation veiller Mansoura que nous représentant prévoyant Unies renforcer de Mansoura craindre egalement de collaborer la Force 352. et les propositions d*Ivoire de la dont le monde de securite. 352. 1 believe that by adopting a course of this sort and that by adopting the proposals which were put to us by the representative of the Ivory Coast, which were later explained by him, we should do our best and make the most progress toward maintaining the peace which has at the moment been established on the island and which the world in general, and the inhabitants of Cyprus in particular, look to the Security Council to maintain and to reinforce. 353. m’excuse donné la parole

May 1 apologize to the representative of France for having called upon the representative of the United Kingdom, who 1 thought would

In the course of this debate, my delegation had the honour to put forward a suggestion to the effect that you, Mr. President, should be asked to make an appeal to the parties concerned. The French delegation moved the suspension of the meeting in order to enable us ta formulate in muchmore precise terms the appeal we wanted to ask you to make. 355. My delegation considers that having heard the report of the Secretary-General and the statements of the representatives of Cyprus, Turkey and Greece and of the members of the Council, you, Mr. President, should make an appeal in which you would, for example, take note of the declaration by the members of the Council, of their satisfaction that the cesse-fire is being observed in Cyprus. In that appeal you would request the parties concerned to comply strictly with the resolution of 9 August 1964; you would ask a11 Governments to stop a11 flights over the territory of Cyprus in violation of its sovereignty; you would also request the Commander of the United Nations Force to supervise the cesse-fire, and to reinforce his units in the zone of recent operations, SO as to ensure the safety of the inhabitants of that zone; and lastly, you would, of course, request a11 concerned to co-operate in good faith and thus assist the Commander of the Force in achieving his aims. 356. Those, Mr. President, are the suggestions which my delegation would like to see you embody in an appeal to the parties concerne& 35’7. The PRESIDENT: Are there any comments on the suggested consensus of the Council as outlinee by the representative of the Ivory Coast, which has been the subject of consultations during the suspension of the meeting? 358. There being no observations, I shall therefore sum up the consensus of the views of the members of the Council as follows: “After hearing the report of the Secretary-General and the statements of the representatives of Cyprus, Greece and Turkey and of the members of the Security Council, the Council notes with satisfaction that the cesse-fire is being observed throughout Cyprus; requests the parties to comply withresolution S/SSSS of 9 August 1964 in itsentirety; asks a11 Governments to stop a11 flights over the territoryof Cyprus in violation of its sovereignty; requests the Commander of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus to supervise the cesse-fire and to reinforce its units in the zones which were the sphere of the recent miiitary operations SO as to ensure the safety of the inhabitants; and requests a11 concerned to co-operate with and to assist the Commander of the Force in achieving this purpose. n Xhe meeting rose on Tuesday, 11 August, at 10.5 p.m. HOW TO OBTAIN United Nations publications distributors throughout the Write to: United Nations, COMMENT SE PROCURER LES les publications des Nations Unies agences dépositaires du monde ou adressez-vous à: Nations Unies, COMO CONSEGUIR PUBLICACIONES Las publicaciones de las Naciones casas distribuidoras en todas dirijase a: Naciones Unidas, Seccian Litho in UN. Price: $U.S. 0.50 (or equivalent in other currencies)