S/PV.1147 Security Council

The Council will now resume the discussion which began at the morning meeting. With your permission 1 shall speak as the representative of the UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS. 3. Au stade actuel de nos travaux, soviétique voudrait tout d’abord appeler l’attention du Conseil sur l’aspect humanitaire clu prob%me soulevé au cours de la discussion qui s’est déroulée à la derniBre séance. 3. At this stage my delegation would like to draw the Counci18s attention first and foremost to the humanitarian aspect of the problem, which was mentioned at the last meeting. 5. Regardless, however, of the extent to which pas- SiOnS are WOUSed, it is intolerable that wholly innocent orclinnry people should be made victims of the Sikt~~~iexl. In this COmeXim it is impossible to hide the ~lllfuvOur3.b~e impression made on every unbiased pCD3011 by the reports of the mass deportation Greeks from Turkey solely because they are Greek national% It is therefore quite nstural that even -Ils Times of London had the following to say on 13 August 1964: 9’hat the lists of deportees are drawn up at random i.s clear from the fact that they have included seven paralytics, three blind persons, a mari who had lest; both legs, a 74-year-old woman who had recently suffered a stroke, and a mental patient who was taken from his asylum to be put on the Rircraft.” 6. As crin be seen from a statement made by a Turkish spokesnutn on 13 August, the mass deportation of Greeks from Istanbul is a perfectly obvious uct of reprisai. On 15 August the Trench newspaper Le l\Ioncle quoted a Turkish spokesman as having said inter alia that: “If Greece does net modify its position over Cypriis, a11 the Greek nationals at Istanbul-Le. 12,000 persans-may be expelled in a body at any time after 15 September.” 7. As the Council was told at the morningmeeting the Greek representativc, more than 1,000 Greek nntionals hare alrendy been victims of these reprisals. It is noteworthy that the Turkish representative himself, in bis stntement this morning, did not deny in substance the mass deportation of Greeks from Istanbul. IIe bas provicled a number of explanations which we hüve a11 heard, but lie did not deny either the numbar of deportations or the specific facts relating them which had been stated by the Greek representativo and which showed that the point at issue is the wholly unwarranted persecution of a peaceful population. Moreover the Turkish representative bas failed to give any assurances that the reniaining Greekpopulntion of Istanbul will be left in peace at long last and will cesse to be subjected to inhuman actions. 8. My delegation also deems it necessary topointout to thc Council that, in accordnnce with the generallynccepted norms of international law, tension between two countries does not entitle one of them to take reprisnls against the otherls nationals living in its territory. TO inflict privations on a group of persons solely kecnuse they ;Lre of another nationality is to act contrary to the @rit, the purposes and the principles of the 11nited Nations Charter. 9. It is :~lso necessary to bear in mindthst the questien tlrought to the Council’s attention by the Greek 10. Having said this, I must now point out to the members of the Council that, over and above this humanitarian aspect which, from everything 1 have said, is in itself worthy of the Security Council’s attention, the problem before us also has an important political aspect. We must not forget that a11 these developments are occurring in an area where, as 1 have already indicated, the situation remains tense. In these circumstances it will be no exaggeration to say that the Council is entitled to expect that no action likely to lead to further deterioration of the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean will be taken in this area. In particular the Security Council is entitled to expect that the reprisais against Greek nationals will be ended, 10. Cela dit, nous devons Conseil mQriterait aussi un important se passe dans une région oh, comme nous l’avons déjà noté, la situation est fort tendue. Dans ces conditions, il ne serait pas exagéré de dire que le Conseil est en droit de s’attendre qu’on ne prenne, dans la MBditerranée orientale, aucune initiativepropre a aggraver encore la situation. Le Conseil de &curité notamment aux mesures de représailles dirigees contre les ressortissants grecs, 11, I should now like to explain our point of view with regard to the dispatch of a Security Council factfinding mission, inasmuch as this question was raised at the morning meeting, In our opinion the point at issue is not the dispatch of a newunited Nations mission to the area. Everybody knows the steps already taken by the Security Council as a result of which there is no shortage of UnitedNations representatives in Cyprus. In our opinion the crux of the matter is to put an end, as soon as possible, to interference by certain NATO Powers in the interna1 affairs of the Republic of Cyprus and to the threat of armed Turkish invasion of Cyprus. That is what could lead to a genuine / restoration of international peace and security in the Eastern Mediterranean. 11, Nous voudrions ensuite préciser notre point de vue sur la question de l’envoi d’une mission du Conseil de sécurit& qui serait chargée d’enqu&er sur les faits, puisque cette question a Bté soulevée B la séance de ce matin. Il ne nous semble pas qu’il y ait lieu d’envoyer ulle nouvelle mission de 1QNU dans cette région; chacun connaît les mesures que le Conseil a déjà prises et grâce auxquelles il ne manque pas de représentants del’ONU& Chypre. L’essentiel, plus rapidement possible B l’ingérence de certaines puissances de 1’OTAN dans les affaires intarieures de la Republique de Chypre et de faire cesser la menace d’invasion armire de Chypre par la Turquie. Telles sont les mesures qui aideraient réellement 8 r’etablir la paix et la sbcurité internationales dans la rhgion de la Mgditerranée orientale. 12. Le Conseil examinera cette question en tant que question spéciale de son ordre du jour - et des consultations ont cléja été entreprises à ce sujet - lorsqu’il abordera l’examen du rapport du Secrétaire général [,Y/5950 et Add.lL’]. Si nous revenons sur ce point B la présente séance, c’est uniquement parce que nous voulons appeler une fois de plus l’attention des membres du Conseil sur la nécessité de maintenir, un climat qui exclut du moins de nouveaux événements de nature B aggraver la situation. 12. The Council will be considering this question as a special item on its agenda when it takes up the report of the Secretary-General of the United Nations [S/5950 and Add.lL.‘]. Consultations on this question have already begun. The only reason why 1 have again reverted to this matter at our present meeting is that 1 should like once again to draw the attention of the members of the Council to the need for creating conditions in the Eastern Mediterranean in which, at the very least, there Will be no new unfavourable developments. 13. Lorsqu’il N. S. Khrouchtchev, président tres de l’URSS, a dit notamment ce qui Suit: 13, In his statement on 16 Aug-ust 1964 Mr. N. S. Khrushchev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, said: “We think that the Turkish people too needs calm and is yearning for peace. It needs peace in order to solve the economic and political problems of which Turkey, as everyone knows, has plenty.” I/ année, & See Officia1 Records of the Security Council, Nineteenth Year, Suwlemenrforjuly, hugust and Septemher 1964. 15. In conclusion i should like to express the hope that the other members of the Councilwlll also support a line of action which will be consistent with humanitarian interests and will promote a relaxation of tension in this part of the world, thereby contributing to the strengthening of world peace and security. 16. In my capacity as PRESIDENT, 1 would inform the Council that 1 have just received a communication from the representative of Cyprus [S/5962a] requesting that the Cyprus delegation should be allowed to participate, without vote, in the discussion of the question and to make abrief statement, onthe same footing as the other speakers not members of the Council who have already been admitted. If 1 hear no objection, 1 shall invite the representative of Cyprus to take a place at the Council table, At the invitation of the Presidenf, Mr. Spyros Kyprianou (Cyprus) Cook a place at the Council table.

We have listened this morning [1146thmeeting] with great attention, but also -vith apprehension, to the statements made by the representatives of Greece and Turkey. It is true that as a result of the situation in Cyprus we have become accustomed to hearing these countries express their views with eloquence and passion, but this is the first time they have accused each other directly, indicating an increasingly serious deterioration in their relations, Thus, whatever legal justifications may legitimately be invoked in connexion with the events that have been described Co us, there is no doubt that the atmosphere in which those events have taken place cannot fail to disturb and move any objective observer. 18. Under normal conditions, a massive expulsion of men, women and children from the country where they have lived for many years, where they have settled and prospered, entails a feeling of human degradation for both victims and observers. Thisfeeling is combined with deep sorrow if the event has been caused by a conflict between two Governments, not by the actions of the victims themselves. Evenif we were to consider such an event apart from the political factors, the human aspect alone would be sufficient to justify the Council in taking action with the competent authorities. 19. The fact that the tragedy of Cyprus has repertussions on the relations between the Governments of Greece and Turkey is most unfortunate but seems normal, since each Government is the guardian of a section of the island’s population. My delegation feels that it is less dangerous for these Governments to feel the repercussions of an external situation and 20. Histoxy has shown that harmony and good relations between these two countries are essential to stability in that part of the Mediterranean. A war in that region would be a world catastrophe. Africa, Europe and Asia a11 have Mediterxanean toasts and could be described as Mediterxanean continents, and even the continent on the other side of the Atlantic could not escape the effects of an upheaval on the other continents. Of that, no further proof is requixed. 20. deux pays, conditions ranéenne. terra&@ l’Europe, peuvent terranéens. tique, des plus B faire. 21. The Council cannot, therefore, remainindifferent to any development that threatens to damage for ever the relations between these twofriendly Mediterranean nations. Perhaps we might be heeded if we advise both countries to exercise gxeat moderation, wisdom and prudence in their relations, and if we requested the competent authorities, and the Govexnment of Turkey, to suspend a11 collective measures which might aggravate the deterioration of relations already, unfortunately, deeply marked between Gxeece and Turkey. In SO doing however, my Govexnment relies gxeatly on the efforts which could be made by the common friends of Greece and Turkey to persuade and convince them that the feelings of the Council in this affair are fully justified and that it is in theix interest to suspend these collective measures. 21, tout ce qui risque entre $tre beaucoup de prudence dons de la Turquie, lectives malheureusement Gr&ce compte ployer pour des mande la suspension

22. The French delegation listened with close attention, a écouté, but also with anxiety, to the statements made this de la Grèce morning by the xepresentatives of Greece and Turkey aussi recalling the circumstnnces which have led to a conqui ont conduit B s’affronter frontation of two friendly countries whose reasons for les raisons understanding each other should be and in fact are fait, more sexious and determinative than the causes of sont distord, A large part of these statements naturally ces interventions dealt more or less directly with the Cyprus crisis plus and my delegation does not intend to take up that délégation matter today, since the Council Will be discussing it ce next week. The French delegation cannot wait howdébattre ever, to express its feelings with regard to certain française urgent human aspects of the question that have been sentiment brought before the Council. des questions 23. Fixst of all, we cannot conceal the impression made upon us by the description of the tribulations undergone by many Greek nationals in Istanbul and the xisks to which they are in general exposed. The question arises whethex the further expulsions which seem to be envisaged are in conformity with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations concerning human xights and the development of friendly relations among nations, It is truc that the legal considerations advanced by the xepresentative of Turkey carxy much 23. taire tribulations nombreux quels, La pulsions ligne Unies loppement 24. In saying this, I have not forgotten that Turkey has been cruelly and directly afflicted as a result of the ordeal suffered by the Turkish community in Cyprus and that it is itself justified in claiming respect for human rights in this connexion, Thus, the appeal which my delegation permits itself is not unilateral, 1 am sure that the Security Council, like my delegation, feels that minorities must be respected everywhere if we wish to preserve understanding among men, for otherwise peace could not be maintained.

My delegation has listened with great attention and with apprehension to the statement made by the representative of Greece concerning the measures taken against the Greek minority in Istanbul, measures that involve great human tragedies. We are also aware of the other aspects of this problem, above ail, tb.e legal and political ones outlined by the representative of Turkey. It is our conviction that measures which result in humanitarian hardships anduncertaintyfor minorities, be it expulsion, the curtailing of food and other essential supplies, or the confiscation of property, are deplorable in themselves. In tbis case, they are bound to lead to a further aggravation of an already extremely tense political situation. 26. My delegation, therefore, expresses the serious hope that the responsible authorities of the parties concerned, in respect for human dignity, will desist from such measures, both in their own interests and in the interests of general peace in the area,

Thankyou Mr. President, for inviting me to participate in this debate. It was not my intention originally to do SO. 28. Because this is the first time that the representative of Cyprus has taken the floor at a Security Council meeting after the death of the mediator, Mr. Sakari Tuomioja, 1 feel that I should pay tribute to bis memory and express the sorrow of the Government and the people of Cyprus at this tragic event. Mr. Tuomioja was a loyal servant of theunited Nations and a noble fighter for its principles. 29. 1 do not intend to take the attention of the Security Council away from the main point under discussion, but I felt that 1 should participate in order to make a very short intervention. The Cyprus situation and the problems connected with Cyprus will be discussed, as you, Ms. President, indicated earlier in your inter- 31. I should like today to refer only to one particular point which was mentioned this morning in the speech of the representative of Turkey and which was the subject of his communication circulatedto the Security Couucil [S/59543/]. This communication, whichcannot be regarded as anything other than as an ultimatum, together with the statement made by the Prime Minister of Turkey in Ankara yesterday on the same subject, creates a very serious situation, and 1 feel it is my duty to draw attention to this fact. 31. detail a fait ce matin et qui fait également de ce représentant du [5/5954$/]. derer tout comme Ministre une, situation devoir 32. The Prime Minister of Turkey said that the Turkish Government has decided to send ships in order to transport foodstuffs for the Kokkina area, for the Turks who are living in the Kokkina area and who are “starving”. This was also the content of the letter from the representative of Turkey. 32. que le Gouvernement dans la region des région du représentant ner dit la même chose. 33. 1 cannot think of a worse distortion of faot ever uttered in this Council, or perhaps ever uttered in the United Nations as a whole, The Turks in the Kokkina area have ample foodstuffs. The question is why the Turkish Government did not know of this fact, which cari be confirmed by the note which the Secretary-General addressed to the representative of Turkey’on 11 September [S/5961$]. The Turks at Kokkina have been receiving supplies for some time. May I read from paragraph 3 of the note by the Secretary-General: 33. les n’importe des Kokkina On peut se demander vernement ver confirmation genéral de la reçoivent temps paragraphe Nations concerne dans la xégion de Kokkina WAccording to information received from UNFICYP, the situation in regard to food and other essential supplies in the Kokkina area is asfollows: rees deux envois: de haricots, margarine, 6 048 livres tomate, petrole la societé “(a) Between 9 August and 8 September, two consignments were brought into the area containing the following supplies: 7,644 lb. flour, 1,988 lb. beans, 168 lb, meat, 1,596 lb. margerine, 224 lb. sugar, 140 lb. Salt, 6,048 lb. liquid milk, 40 tins of tomato paste, 471 cases of soap, 693 gallons of cooking kerosene. These supplies were furnished by the Red Crescent Society. région denrées de haricots, 120 livres de lait “@ A third consignment, which arrived in the Kokkina area on 9 September, consisted of the following: 4,500 lb. flour, 450 lb. beans, 765 lb. cooking oil . . . , 120 lb. sugar, 300 lb, Salt, 210 lb. milk powder, 64 gallons of cooking kerosene. habitants médecin qui s’est il semble autres “Ic, Moreover, villagers at Kokkina gave information to the UNFICYP senior medical officer, who visited the area on 8 September, which seemed to indicate that, in addition to food supplies and other goods coming in through regular channels, other supplies had also been entering the area. The medical 3Ibid. 4/ lbid - d/Ihid 2 “(d, The above information, of course, does not constitute an assessment of the quantity of food stocks in Kokkina, since the local leaders”-that is to say, the Turkish local leaders-“bave understandably refused to disclose that. n On top of that, we have information that there are very large supplies of foodstuffs in the Kokkina area. 34. Recently, there has been much talk about economic blookade, and about economic blockade being the policy of the Cyprus Government in order to make the Turks starve. This is, to say the least, misleadingand there are many, 1 am afraid, who are either willing or unwilling victims of this propaganda. The supplyof foodstuJfs to areas where the Turks have decided to isolate themselves, to enclave themselves, has been undertaken by the Government. The Government was and is ready, and Will always be ready, to facilitate the supplying of these areas where Turks are living in isolation by their own deoision or, to be more correct, in accordnnce with instrucüonsfrom Ankara, in the service of political and other military aims. The Government is willing, 1 say, to continue supplying reasonable quantities of essential materials to these areas, 35. We are ready to go a step further. We are ready, as a Government, to leave it to the discretion of the Secretary-General and his representatives to determine what is reasonable and what materials should be supplied in these areas where the Turks themselves have decided to isolate themselves. This does not concern only the area of Xokkina, in connexion with which we bave the ultimatum before us, but it concerns a11 the areas where the Turks have decided ta enclave themselves. 3G. With regard to the particular case of Kokkina, my Government extends to the United Nations peacekeeping force-although UNFICYP, from what 1 see, is clearly informed about the real posit’ion concerning the situation-an invitation to send a delegation to visit the area and to testify about it, We are ready to go a step further: We would agree that, together with the UNFICYP delegation, the Chargé d’affaires of Turkey in Cyprus may go along-without, of course, creating any preoedent, 37. If-and 1 have to state this-the Turkish Government plans, in spite of a11 this information, to go ahead and send ships to the Kol&&a area without the consent of the Cyprus Government, this will be regarded by my Government as another act of aggres- Sion. 1 wish to emphasize this point once more by quoting again from the “note verbale11 by the Secretary-General: 38. Of course, in this document, paragraph 1 of the memorandum addressed to the Secretary-General by the representative of Turkey [S/5954] is also dealt with, in which he tried to give an interpretation of his own to the resolution which was adopted by the Se- 38. question au Turquie d’interpréter par ainsi Je n’ai Le Secrétaire CUrity Council on 9 August [S/58683], as well as to the consensus which followed. I need therefore not deal with that, The Secretary-General states: “These texts contained no reference to anyunderstanding such as is mentioned in paragraph 1 of the memorandum of the Permanent Representative of Turkey. Implementation of the resolutions of the Security Council and of the Council consensus of 11 August cannot be macle contingent on compliance by the parties with any provisions extraneous to these texts.” SO 1 feel that the position with regard to Kokkina is clear. Je pense qui concerne 39. TO sum up, there are plenty of supplies. The United Nations is again invited to testify. The Turkish Charge d’affaires in Nicosia is invited to go together with the United Nations mission to the Kokkina area, without creating a precedent. The term neconomic blockade” is false. There is no economic blockade. There is a blockade of Turks of their own choice. Yet the Government of Cyprus is willing to continue supplying a11 the necessary materials andessentials to these areas. The term “reasonable” we leave to the discretion of the Secretary-General. 39. Les moigner. est Unies cédent. Le terme Il n’y a pas de blocus économique. pour Malgré B poursuivre fournitures Sec&taire Vaisonnable 40. Je n’ai pas Chypre. nous tous J’assure autres relatives aujourd’hui, laisser question inflighes une minorité 40. This was what 1 wanted to saytoclay. 1 do not wish to say anything more in regard to Cyprus. As 1 said earlier, 1 feel there Will be an opportunity to have much to say on a11 the other aspects of the Cyprus problem. 1 assure the representative of Turkey and a11 others that 1 shall be in the mood to discuss any point with regard to Cyprua next week. Today I feel 1 must end, SO that the Council may go back to the discussion of the substance whioh is before it-the victimization of a minority in Turkey, not of a minority in Cypms. 41. l’anglais]: gères de survenu le Ministre & un manque discute

The speech of the Foreign Minister of Cyprus to which we have just listened dealt in some detail with one specific incident in one particular area, and 1 hope the Foreign Minister Will not think me in any way discourteous if 1 do not comment on it, at any rate at this stage, but speak more generally about the matters which were under discussion earlier during our meeting. s/ 51’ Ibid 4 43. Today 1 do not wish to deal with or to add to any of the problems and difficulties which confront the Governments in the Eastern Mediterranean. Al1 that 1 want to do is to join these members of the Council who have already expressed their profound regret at the efEect on the inhabitants of the Eastern Mediterranean area of the differences and difficulties which are dividing their Governments. It is indeed tragic that so much human suffering shculd now be taking place in that area. My Government deeply deplores a11 forms of pressure, physical, psycholcgical or economic, with a11 their terrible consequences on the lives and fortunes of individuals, whatever their nationality, whatever their station in life, and we believe that such pressure is inconsistent with the repeated aalls by this Council on a11 parties tc refrain from actions which may exacerbate the situation. Everyone conoerned in this matter has an overriding responsibility to act with moderation, with restraint and with an understanding of the difficulties of cnch of the parties involved. 1 nm sure that none of the parties would wish to forget the effect, or the possible effect, of their own actions on the well-being of families and individuals. 1 should therefore like to associate myself with the appeals made to the Governments and parties concerned to act with the fUlleSt regard to humanitarian principles. 44, Mr. SIDI BABA (Morocco) (translated from French): After having listened tc the representatives of Greece and Turkey this morning, and this afternoon to the Mini&er for Fcreign Affairs of CYF’W mY delegaHon oannot help deploring the fact that the CYPRES orisis bas had such ominous repercussicns and Claimed furt,her victims among the civilian Population. MY comtry, which maintains friendly relations with bath Greece &nd Turkey, is greatly concerned aboUt the deterioration of relations between these tWQ countries, which ha8 become even more serious during the last few days. 45. ~y delegauon feels that in the caus@ of international peace nnd security in that region it is essen- 47. The purpose of this brief statement is toexpress my delegation’s hope that every effort Will bemade to give due consideration to the humanitarian aspect of the question and to ensure that the competent authorities will not allow the administrative measures to take the form of a massive, undiscriminatingexpulsion which could prove prejudicial to the good reputation of Turkey, whose traditions of hospitality and tolerance are well known throughout the Mediterranean area and have always been in conformity with thejus gentium and with international law. 47. mer soit la question, fassent prennent sans B des commentaires talion d’un pays comme la Turquie, d’hospitalité le bassin conformes international.

The Czechoslovak delegation has listened with careful attention to the statements made by the representatives of Greece and Turkey, and also by the speakers who have preceded me in this discussion. 48. tchécoslovaque les Grece qui m’ont précédé 49. The Security Council is indeed confronted by a serious situation, brought about by the deterioration in the relations between two countries due to the increasing tension and even the threat of armedconflict between two Member States of our Organization, two neighbouring oountries whose peoples have muoh in common. 49. face d’une situation des organisation, d’une voisines, tuelles, 50. This deterioration is to be deplored, the more SO since one of the parties considers it to be the result of occurrences in anot’her country, namely, the Republic of Cyprus, and gives us to understand that certain measures tending to aggravate this situation still further are in fact only reprisals for certain events which have taken place in Cyprus. 50. d’autant la conséquence autre fait aggraver que des représailles nus a Chypre. 51. The purpose of the measures under consideration 51. is to improve the situation in Cyprus and solve the sur issu+6 submitted to the Security Council which are of le Conseil concern to the United Nations, This is a11 the more l’organisation serious since we are dealing with measures whioh est affect a large number of persons and their families affectent who are remote both from the territory of Cyprus and familles, from the issues raised there. Chypre 52. There cari be no doubt that such measuses cause 52. suffering and humiliation to a great many persons tout en causant and at the same time aggravate the tension and tend 3. bien des gens, aggravent to increase the danger. My delegation cannot fail to et risquent make one comment: in the course of the debate on délégation Cyprus, we have had occasion to point out the evil observation: influence exercised in this affair and also in the lives débat of the peoples of the whole of the eastern Mediqu’a terranean, by the fact that the existence and interests des peuples Of these peoples are subosdinated by certain Powers fait to the aims of a militaxy alliance which has nothing sont .l 53, Next week we shall be discussing the substance of the Cyprus affair. I should like to point out now that this issue would have been solved already if the CYpriOt people had really been able to decide for itSelf its own fate and future and if the efforts to maintain the relies of colonial domination and military bases on Cypriot territory had ceased. We believe that the present debate demonstrates once again that it is necessary, indeed essential, to replace the outmoded ideas and notions of oold war strategy and ideological crusades which obsess the leaders of the Atlantic Alliance, by the fündamental principles of the Charter and of the United Nations with regard to the lives of ail peoples. The sooner this is done, the more the CyPriot, Greek and Turkishpeoples will benefit as also the cause of world peace. 54. As 1 have said, we shall shortly have the opportunity to discuss the substance of the Cyprus question. 1 wish, however, to point out at once that this question ancl a11 the consequences it may entai1 for other peoples must be weighed from the point of view of the resolutions and the conclusions arrived at in this affair by the Council and it must be recognized that this principle and these ideas would be completely variante with any action designed to influence the course of the CYpriot problem and the situation in Cyprus by means of outside pressures; the more SO if such attempts to bring pressure to bear affected a large number of Individuals and families by subjecting them to painful and degrading orcleals for they would at the same time constitute a threat of armed conflict for a11 peoples and a11 nations. it is therefore the duty of our Organization to prevent such attempts and eliminate these outside pressures and it is on these lines that the Council should work. 55, Mr, STEVENSON (United States of AmeriCa): MY Government deeply regrets what we have heard here today about the expulsion of Greeks fr0n-i Istanbul, about military deployment on the frontiers and other eddenm of further deterioration of the relations between two nations in the eastern Mediterranean, w~~h in remnt years have demonstrated a remarkable ability to overcome a turbulent history and IiVe together in peace. 56. Tlle close relationship between the United States ancl Greece and Turkey causes us to view With Partialar regret the rising tide of bitterness and mis- 58. Therefore, we too would urge the Government of Turkey to give very careful consideration not only to the effect of its actions on its neighbour, but to the human hardships visited on those individuals who are innocent of any hostile intention toward the country in which they have chosen to reside. 58. Nous aussi, par conséquent, prions instamment le Gouvernement turc d’examiner trés attentivement non seulement les consequences de son comportement envers son voisin, mais aussi les souffrances imposees CI des individus dQnués de toute intention hostile envers le pays oh ils ont choisi de resider. 59. 1 cannot, of course, ignore the circumstances which have brought about the present unhappy and explosive state of relations between Greece and Turkey. The cause and effect are apparent to all. The recent actions toward the Greek nationals 13 Istanbul are the consequence, or one of them, of the treatment of Cypriots of Turkish origin in recent months in Cyprus. This Council is already familiar with the earlier reports of hostage taking, the destruction of Turkish homes, stores and villages, and the Secretary-General’s report released yesterday refers to Yhe hardship experienced by many Turkish communi- Mes in Cyprus because of the economic restrictions which have been imposed by the Government of Cyprusl’, And again, it further states that the economic restrictions in some instances “bave been SO severe as to amount to a veritable siege” [S/5950, paras, 221 and 2221. 59. Je ne puis, bien sas, ignorer les circonstances qui ont rendu les relations entre la Gr&ce et la Turquie aussi difficiles B présent. Les causes et les effets sont évidents pour tout le monde, Les récentes mesures prises envers les citoyens grecs d’Istanbul sont la consé- quence, ou l’une des con&quences, du traitement inflige ces mois derniers à Chypre aux Chypriotes d’origine turque. Le Conseil connafi dejà les pr& cédents rapports faisant état de prises d’otages, de destruction d’habitations, de magasins et de villages turcs, hier parle des “épreuves que connaissent de nombreuses collectivités restrictions nement chypriote”. tains cas, les restrictions rigoureuses au point de constituer un veritable si’ege” [S/5950, par, 221 et 2221. 60. Les droits de l’homme ne sont pas une route à sens unique et sont applicables B tous les &res humains ot~ qu’ils se trouvent - en Turquie, enGr&ce ou B Chypre. Le Gouvernement grec clbplore, j’en suis snr, cette situation autant que nous, et j’ai le ferme espoir qu’il fera tout ce qui est en son pouvoir pour ameliorer le sort des Chypriotes lutta. 60. Human rights, Mr. President, are a two-way street and apply to human beings wherever they arein Turkey, in Greece or in Cyprus, The Government of Greece, I am sure, deplores this situation as much as we do, and 1 earnestly hope it Will do everything in its power to ameliorate the plight of the Turkish Cypriots. 61. Perhaps it is not possible for the parties to equate the concern of Greece for Greek nationals in Istanbul with the concern of Turkey for ethnie Turks in Cyprus. But the fact is, Ms. President, that only by mutual concern for each other’s citizens or ethnie brethren, as indeed for each other’s interests, that the Governments of Greece and Turkey Wi SUCCeed in settling the Sharp differences which have arisen between them-the principal one, of course, being the question of Cyprus. 61. Peut-être n’est-il pas possible pour les parties de mettre sw le même pied la sollicitude Gréce pour les citoyens grecs d%:anbul de la Turquie pour les Chypriotes d’origine turque. Mais ce n’est que par une sollicitude mutuelle envers leurs concitoyens ou leurs freres ethniques, comme envers leurs intW%s réciproques, que les Gouvernements grec et turc r&ssiront les conflits aigus qui les opposent - dont le principal est, bien sar, la question de Chypre. 62. Aussi, je ne puis que faire Acho B ce que les orateurs 31 ce Conseil, B savoir que mon gouvernement a le ferme espoir que ni la Turquie ni la Grbce, dans le cadre de leurs relations r&iproques rement B l’égard des populations innocentes, ne feront rien qui puisse aggraver une situation dont la solu- 62. SO 1 cari but echo what has been SO well said by the preceding speakers in the Council today, that my Government earnestly hopes that neither Turkey nor Greece in their bilateral relations, especially as to innocent people, Will do anything further to aggravate a situation for the solution of which they have such a heavy responsibility to themselves and to the world 64. Mr. CASTRILLO JUSTINIANO (Bolivia) tsanslated from Spanish): This morning we have heard the statements made by the representatives of Gseece and Turkey, which show the deplorable course that the Cyprus situation is taking and the growing danger it sntails for world peace. 65. There is no question here of judging the substance of the claims advanced by each countrynor the reasons and valid arguments each side has to offer. There is still a hope that good sense will prevail and there are also a number of positive factors SO that the crisis between Greece and Turkey may be overcorne by reoiprocal effort and renunciation. 66. My delegation considers there cari be no doubt that the measures taken at Istanbul against innocent Greek citizens, although adopted for reasons of interna1 policy and however muoh theywere supported by the security laws, are authentic cases of reprfsal, in a cruel and abusive form, against a population that is far removed from the confliot existing between the two Governments. We oonsider that the deportation of Greek oitizens from Istanbul is in no way favourable to the Tnrkish Government. The narration of these events is in itself enough to cause deep consternation. It seems to me that if here, in the Security Council, we ask the Turkish representative with a11 due respect to convey to bis Government the unanimous opinion that the violent measures again& Greek CitiZenS at Istanbul should be repealed immediately, then we must trust that that Government will listen to us, because it knowa that our one aimis to ensure respect for the elementary principles of human coexistence.

It is with very careful attention that the delegation of Brazil contemplates the humanitarîan problem now facing the Security Council. My delegation considers that this problem falls within the jurisdiction of the Council in tiew of its close relationshfp with another problem which is essentially political one and with whioh the Council is dealing: the question of Cyprus. 68. My delegation thus considers that the Council is empowered to denl with the plans submittedbyGreeoe and Turkey, Greece has complained that Turkey, among other measures consiclered to be hostile by the Athens Government, has oarried out the large-scale expulsion of Greek citizens residing on Turkish soil. We are told that among the people affected by the expulsion order there are many old men, sick persons and invalids. My delegation cannot deny the right of any State to regulate the status of any foreign citizens resident within its territory. 1 must point out however, thut these measures must not be of a discriminatory nature. In the present case, the measures taken by the Turkish Government do not contribute to reducing the serious political tension existing between the tWo 70. There is therefore only one course which is dictated by wisdom and prudence: Greece, Cyprus and Turkey, in registering their determination to find a peaceful solution to the whole question, must refrain from taking any measures likely to postpone such a peaceful solution and render it more difficult to attain. 70. Il n’y a donc qu’un chemin indiqué par la sagesse et par la prudence: la Grece, Chypre et la Turquie, en indiquant leur détermination de trouver une solution pacifique pour l’ensemble du probleme, doivent s’abstenir de rendre plus difficile et plus lointaine cette solution pacifique, 71. The Brazilian delegation reserves its right to speak again on the plans of Greece and Turkey when the question of Cyprus as a whole is discussed. 71. La délégation du Brésil de revenir sur les plans de la Grèce et de la Turquie lors de l’examendel’ensemble duproblème dechypre.

Since certain members of the Council have expressed the desire to consult among themselves briefly Ipropose, if the Council agrees, to suspend the meeting for five minutes before calling upon the next speaker, who for the time being is the last on my list. 72. Le PRESIDENT (traduit du russe): Etant donné qu’un certain exprimé le désir de procéder a de breves consultations, dernier orateur inscrit l’assentiment des membres du Conseil, une suspension de seance de cinq minutes. 73, Mr. ERALP (Turkey): The brief consultation which is about to take place no doubt will turn on the outcome, in one way or another, of this meeting. 1 venture to hope that what 1 have to say may have some bearing on that outcome. Therefore, 1 would like permission to speak before the recess. 73. M. ERALP (Turquie) [traduit de l’anglais]: La breve consultation qui va avoir lieu influencera sans doute, d’une façon à l’issue de cette séanoe. Je me permets d’espérer que ce que j’ai a dire pourrait affecter cette d&ision. Je demande donc l’autorisation avant la suspension de séance. 74, Le PRESIDENT (traduit du russe): Je voudrais donner au représentant de la Turquie l’assurance que, bien qu’il ait soulevé une question de procédure, je n’ai pas moins, j’aimerais lui donner également l’assurance que cette courte, qu’il aura de toute façon la possibilité de prendre encore la parole à la presente séance du Conseil. ‘74. The PRESIDENT (translated from Russian): 1 should like to assure the representative of Turkey that, out of courtesy, 1 did not want to interrupt him although he spoke on a procedural matter. None the less, 1 should also like to assure him that the suspension, if the members of the Council agree, Will indeed be brief and that in any event he will have the opportunity to speak at this meeting, ‘75. Mr. STEVENSON (United States of America): 1 do not know what the purpose of the recess is, and 1 certainly have no objection to it. But if it does have to do with the conclusion of this discussion on the complaints, 1 would think it would be entirely appropriate to hear what the representative of Turkey has to say, if’ he chooses to speak at this time. 1 would imagine that, having invlted him to the Council table, we would offer him that privilege and courtesy. 75. M. STEVENSON (Etats-Unis d’Amerique) [traduit de l’anglais]: Je ne vois pas quel est le but de la suspension de séance, et je ne mty opposerai oertainement pas; mais s’il s’agit de la conclusion de notre discussion sur les plaintes qui ont Bté pré- sentees, je pense qu’il conviendrait d%couter ce qu’a a dire le représentant de la Turquie, s’il a l’intention de prendre la parole. Je pense que, l’ayant invité B la table du Conseil, nous lui devons ce geste de courtoisie, 76. Le PRESIDENT (traduit du russe): Si j’ai bien compris, le représentant des Etats-Unis ne s’oppose pas a une suspension de &ance de cinq minutes; je trois heures que nous siégeons et je veux lui donner l’assurance Conseil qu’il n’est pas dans l’intention du PrBsident de décider s’il convient de poursuivre ou non cette discussion. En effet, il appartient aux membres du Conseil de regler

1 thank the United States representative for not objecting-if 1 have understood him correctly-to a fiveminute suspension of the meeting, especially as we have been sitting for nearly three hours. 1 should like to assure him and the other members of the Council that it is not the intention of the President to decide the question of the closure of the debate, inasmuch as he is at the service of themembers of the Council. Similarly, 1 repeat, it is not the intention of the Presi- 78. SO, I repeat, if 1 hear no forma1 objection suspending the meeting for exactly five minutes, we shah proceed in that mannes, and shall resume tbe meeting by hearing the statement of the representative of Turkey. 79. 1 see that Mr. Liu wishes to take part in this interesting discussion. 1 give him the floor.

It sppears that the Council is about to bring to a close its discussfon of tbis matter, and 1 find it necessary that 1 should make known my position as a representative or. this Council, a fact of which 1 believe the President must tnke cognizance, 81. Al1 the members of the Council who have spoken have addressed themselves prfncipally to the humanitarian angle of the situation. In this respect, 1 want to make it quite clear Chat my delegationfeels no less concerned than a11 the other delegations, and if it helps the Council to reach a unanimous decision, want to say that my delegation joins in the general appeal that a11 parties should refrain from taking further action to aggravate the grave situation now obtnining in the eastern part of the Mediterranean.

As I see that tbere is no formal objection to the President’s suggestion that the meeting shouldbe suspended for five minutes, this will be done. The meeting was suspended at 5.40 p.m. and resumed at 6.25’p.m.

It has been a long five minutes and I hope that nothing has been definitely agreed upon in the meantime because 1 still venture to hope that what 1 have to saymay have some bearing on anything that may result from this meeting of the Council. 134. We axe here to examine comPlaints bevween Greece and Turkey. That is the subject of our discussion. BU~ another note has just been injected by the Fore@ Minister of the Greek Cypriot Government, and I shoulcl like to deal with that very briefly. 85. In the first place, 1 must say that as far as distorti.ons go in this Council or anywhere else, respectfully maintain that the record is still beld by the Foreign Minister of the Greek CyWot GovemmA After ail, saying that there is no economic blockade in Cypn~s 1s a little bit thfck. He maintains that tbese ~urks have closed themselves up in enclaves. 1 was very much surprised that he did not add that they bad gone on a hunger Strike. $36. The real situation in Cy-prus cari be ascertained by ~1 con~bination of the reports of the Secretary- “It will be observed from the aforementionedfacts that the economic blockade imposedupon the Turkish community by the Greek Cypriots in violation of the resolutions of the Security Council constitutes an undeclared, barbarie and inhuman civil war. It would be of interest to note that according to a statement made by Mr. Boissier, the representative of the International Red Cross in Cy-prus, the rations allotted to the Turkish Cypriots are lower in calories than those assigned to inmates of prisons.” que le blocus turque résolutions constitue et inhumaine, une déclaration à Chypre rations pauvres les d&enus 87. Of course, Mr. Kyprianou said that the rations were quite adequate. 1 understand that the rations are 1,650 calories per person. That may be adequate for Mr. Kyprianou, but’ it is not adequate for a man who is labouring under very difficult circumstances. I continue with the last paragraph of the letter: 87. Bien rations que ces rations sonne. C’est mais non pour un homme qui travaille tions paragraphe “Furthermore, assessments are made on the basis of the original populations of restricted areas, not taking into account the refugees.” de la population sans que les rGfugiés That is another problem. Assessments are made: The inhabitants of this village were 600, therefore rations for 600, No account is taken of the faot that in the meantime 1,000 refugees may have gone into that village. Cela pose un autre problbme. cède au calcul: lage; par On ne tient 1 000 refugi&s “In addition, in the apportionment of rations no account is taken of the fact that due to lack of fuel, certain of the foodstuffs cannot be cooked and hence cannot be consumed.n des rations, il est impossible rées mer.ti 88. That is the situation which compelled my Government to take the Me&sures which are outlined in our memorandum of 10 September [S/5954], Nobody could expect Turkey to be indifferent when the people in the Kokkina area were in danger of starvation. 88. nement à prendre mémorandum penser alors en danger de mourir 89. In the meantime, we have received reports very recently from the Secretary-General to the effect that certain shipments of food have gone into the area. This is cheering news indeed, but only slightlyso. We have no reason to believe that this will continue. Arrangements have been made before, and relief has been sent in and then stopped. Consequently, we would like to be certain. 89. des rapports vivres des nouvelles mais penser pas et que se manifeste clisparafi avoir une certitude. 90. Therefore, we have suggested that a committee made up of either General Thimayya, the Commander of the United Nations Force in Cyprus, or his representative, plus the Turkish Charge d’affaires in Nicosia, a representative of the Greek Embassy in Nicosia and a representative of the British High Commissioner, should go to the Kokkina area, ascer- 90. soit du gBn&al des Nations ainsi que du chargé d’un représentant et d’un représentant aille 91. We have in the meantime heard another statement by Mr. Kyprianou, in whîch he was kind enough to invite General Thimayya and the Turkish Chargé d’affaires to visit the Kokkina area. The Kokkina area is not under the control of the insurgent Greek- Cypriot Government. He has no right to invite anyone to go, or to dissuade anyone from going there. In the meantime, as 1 saicl, we are awaiting the reply to our proposal. 92. 1 do not want to speak at greater length on the subject of Cyprus, which Will corne up for discussion early next week. At that time 1 shall have a lot more to say. 93. Coming back to the problem at hand, 1 would like to say that a great deal of discussion has gone on about the humanitarian aspects of these complaints made by the Greek delegation and our own. The representative of Greece has paintedaheart-rendingpicture of the aged and the infirm being driven out of their homes. In the first place, this is a grossly exaggerated picture. There have been a few hundred subversive agents of the Greek Government establishedin Turkey who have been expelled, The aged, the Young and even the deceased among those names to which Mr. Bitsios SO rhetorically referred, belong to the families of those subversive agents, 1 have made it quite clear by quoting from the relevant treaty the provision that, when a wrongdoer is expelled, the Government has the right to ask his entire family to leave with him. Would it have been better to separate the members of families? 94. As for the deceased whose names may have appeared by error on the list of those who were asked to leave, if in fact there were any such cases, it could only mean that the Greek citizens of Istanbul have been careless in reporting vital statistics to the local authorities. 95. 1 notice with regret that a number of the members of the Council have spoken about the humanitarian aspect of what they referred to as “mass deportations”. I said this morning, and 1 repeat for the record, that there is no question of mass deportations, After the expiration, on 16 September 1964 of the Convention on Establishment, Commerce and Navigation of 1930, the Greek citizens living in Istanbul will be subject to the same regulations which apply to a11 foreign citizens. They Will enjoy the same privileges and Will have the same obligations as the citizens of any other country. 1 am sure that the Council has no intention of asking the Turkish Government to discriminate in favour of the citizens of Greece because that country has behaved soloyally and SO nobly in the question of Cyprus. 96. Thés dramatic appeal to the Council on this question of expulsions is no more than a divessionary tactic on the part of the Greek Government to draw attention away from the truly tragic events of Cyprus for which they are disectly andprimarily responsible. Ever since the termination of the aggressive war waged 9’7, But now the situation is entirely different. Greece has seized upon this exercise of undeniable treaty rights by Turkey, rights pertaining to the establishment of foreign nationals residing on its soil, for the purpose of making it a smoke-soreenfor the atrocities which are now, this very moment, going onin Cyprus. Can the Council in a11 seriousness devote its attention to this matter at a time when immediate and drastic action is called for to save the thousands of Turks in Cyprus who are in danger, not of being flown to another country, but of being annihilated by starvation? 97. différente. par les ressortissants pour dissimuler lement, peut-il au énergique pour sauver des millions de Turcs h Chypre qui sont en danger non pas d%tre emmenés en avion vers un autre pays, mais de mourir de faim? 98. On a employé le mot Vepr&ailles” Rien n’est plus inexact. la Turquie B l%gard des citoyens grecs vivant à Istanbul ne sont pas des mesures de vengeance. Il s’agit seulement de retirer a un ancien pays ami auquel on ne peut plus faire confiance, soit en raison de sa politique ext&rieure, soit en raison du comportement de ses citoyens ré- sidant B l’int6rieur 98. The word “reprisais” has been used in this connexion. It could not have been more out of place, The measures taken by Turkey in connexion with the Greek citizens living in Istanbul are not vindictive measures. They merely constitute the withdrawal of privileges from an erstwhile friend who cannolongerbe trusted, either in its foreign policy or in the behaviour of its citfzens living within the borders of Turkey. 99. The representative of Greece once again denied that Greece has invaded the island of Cyprus. He went back to the original prevarications, according to which these men were merely students who were going back home, They must be getting quite a military education. 1 would suggest that Mr. Bitsios get in touch with his own Foreign Minister who, as 1 said this morning, has admitted to the Turkish Ambassador in Athens that there are some 10,000 Greek troops in Cyprus. The reports of the Secretary-General, including the most recent one [S/5950 and Add.11, categorically confirm the presence of Greek troops in the island. 99. Le repr6sentant de la Grèce a ni6 encoreune fois que la GrBce ait envahi lITle de Chypre, Il a repris les allégations mensonggres selon lesquelles il S’agissait uniquement d’étudiants qui rentraient chez eux. Ces Etudiants-là doivent recevoir une formation des plus militaire. contact de son gouvernement qui, comme je l’ai dit ce matin, a reconnu en présence de l’ambassadeur de Turquie B Athènes qu’il y avait quelque 10 000 soldats grecs & Chypre. Les rapports du Secrétaire général, y compris le plus récent [5/5950 et Add.lj, catbgoriquement la présence de troupes grecques sur l’fle. 100. En ce qui concerne la mission d’information que j’ai proposée, M. Bitsios a étendu la portee de ma proposition de façon disproportionn6e. Le Gouvernement turc n’a nul besoin de recourir commission internationale pour vérifier tifs de guerre de la Gréce B ses fronti&es les fies du Dodécanése. Nous connaissons déja les faits. Quant anos agissements, nous en rendons compte en totalith, La mission d’informationdoit sur l’île de Chypre, oh se situel’origine des troubles, pour constater qu’il y a eu une invasion grecque de lYle, de manière qu’on ne puisse plus parler cl’etudiants d&sireux de recevoir une formation militaire dans cette malheureuse fie. 101. M. BITSIOS (Grèce): Je ne me propose pas, tout au moins durant cette seance du Conseil de &curit6 relative sur le discours que vient de prononcer le repré- 100. As for the fact-finding mission which 1 have proposed, Mr. Bitsios has pushed the scope of my proposa1 out of a11 proportion. The Turkish Government has no need to rely on an international commission to ascertain the warlike preparations of Greece on its borders and on the Dodecanese islands. We already have the facts in our hands. As to our actions, they are a11 aocounted for. The fact-finding mission should be dispatched to the island of Cyprus, where the root of the trouble lies, in order to establish the fa& of the Greek invasion of the island, SO that there cari be no more talk of students seeking a military education in the troubled country.

I do not intend, at least during this meeting of the Securfty Council concerning the complaint of Greece, to speak at length on the speech just made by the 103. Mr, Eralp admitted nevertheless that dead persons were shown on the expulsion lis&; hs blamed this on those families that had failed to report the deaths to the Turkish authorities. But the admission is there: there were dead persons on the list. When deportation lists contain the names of dead persans, these are certainly net lists drawn up on the basis of individus1 cases, after careful scrutiny of eachperson concerned and of his doings; they are rather llsts which are only drawn up to meet the needs of a mass expulsion and in which the living and the dead are listed side by side, 104. Mr. Eralp, as I say, contradicted the Vice- Frcsident of the Council of Ministers, Mr. Kemal Satir, when he told us a moment ago: “We do not anticipate any mass deportation of Greek citizens alter 16 September 1964; after that date, Greek citjzens wtil merely have the stntus of a11 other foreigners.li But Mr. Kemal Satir statecl on 1 September, just a few days ago: “As has been stated repeatedly by the Turkish Government, Greek citizens will be deported alter 16 September. The declsion of the Turkish Government in this nintter is irrevocable.” 105. It therefore seems to me thatinstead of reîerring me to my Foreign Minister to obtain certain infosmation, Mr. Eralp would bave done better to consult the Vice-President of bis Council of Ministers in order to ascertain which stntement is the most reliable: that of the Vice-President of the Council of Ministers at Ankara or that of the representative of Turkey in Cyprus. We ourselves have based our case on a statement which is officia1 and bears the date of 16 September. 106. I said in the thircl place that Mr. Eralp had contradicted himself, In fact, he said that I had greatly expanded the scope of his proposa1 to send a committee of investigation and that, as far as he was concerne& he was referring to a comlnittee of investigation to be sent to Cyprus. But in his letter of 6 Septemher 1964 [S/59357/] to the SeCUrity Council, the representative of Turkey uses the following exllression: “to dispatch without delay a fact-finding mission to the area concerned”.Y In this case, “the area concerned” is Thrace, the Dodecanese and Cyprus, because il: is in these three places that Greece is accused of having built up troop Concentrations, Therefore, it is Mr. Eralp, and net I, who bas expanded the scope of the prOPOSale 108. In registering my name on your list of speakers, Mr. President, 1 intended, especially at this stage of the debate, to discharge two duties. 108. votre du debat, à remplir 109. The first one is a sad and most painful duty; the duty of the Greek delegation to pay homage to the memory of Mr. Sakari Tuomioja, a Finn animated by high hutianitarian principles, who rendered an invaluable service to the cause of peace by accepting the very difficult task of mediation in the Cyprus affair. Greece appreciated and supported the efforts of Mr. Tuomioja; we consider his death to be a great loss which affects us directly. In paying tribute to his memory, we solemnly declare that we shall give our full support to the continuation of the work begun by Mr. Tuomio ja and we fully support the speedy nomination of his successor. 109, c’est hommage de principes ultime de médiateur a appr6ci6 elle considére directement. clare & M. Tuomioja mination 110. My second duty is a pleasant one: it is that of thanking a11 the delegations who, around this table, after having heard the statement made this morning regarding the measures taken against a large number of innocent persons at Istanbul, who have nothing to do with the Cyprus question discussed at such great length by the representative of Turkey, have wished to express their feelings in this matter and to stress the humanitarian aspect-beoause it is above a11 a humanitarian matter-of this sad story, this drama which is taking place in Istanbul and who have seen fit to make a direct appeal to the Turkish Government to put an end to these measures, for they offend a11 feelings of humanity, hurt innocent persons, render the relations between the two countries still more delicate and difficult and complicate the Cyprus question which the representative of Turkey, in common with the rest of us, has SO much in mind. 1 thank the delegations for having already at this stage of the debate performed a vesy great service to the cause of peace and especially to the cause of humanitarian principles. 110, il consiste autour de ce matin sur les mesures un nombre personnes Chypre sentant sentiment c’est triste bul; turc mesures rendent relations probléme comme de resoudre. rendu, grand principes 111, Mr. KYPRIANOU (Cyprus): 1 repeat what 1 said earlier, that 1 have indeed a lot to say on the Cyprus question, and 1 shall do SO in the course of the forthcoming meetings on the matter. But 1 feel it is my duty to make one or two comments after listening to the speeches of the various representatives. 111. Je r6ppéte que j’aurai de Chypre, sexont tions qu’il certaines 112. The representative of the United States did not wish his speech to be interpseted consecutively into French. Indeed, one felt at one point that some interpretation was necessary, when he spoke of solving the Cyprus problem between Greece and Turkey, since when he spoke of the solution of the Cyprus problem, Cyprus was completely ignored. 112. l’interpr&ation cours. saire de Chypre donné qu’il n’a pas fait mention 113. Then, of course, the United States representative quoted one aspect of the last report of the Secretary-General and which, as 1 understand it, Will he the subject of our discussion, ox at least one of 113. a ensuite SecrBtaire l’objet 116. The representative of Turkey tried, by some quotations, to say that, of course, some food is going into these areas, but not of the necessary calorie value. He tried to ind.icate in, if 1 may say SO, an unsuccessful attempt to make a joke, what would be necôssary for me to live on in terms of calorie values. 1 am not a chemist or an expert, but here is a statement by the United Nations spokesman in Nicosia of 9 September 1964, which is quite recent. Dealing with the amounts which have gone in, it is stated: “These amounts were established by the Government and the International Red Cross consider their calorie value as reasonable.t’ 116. Irrespective, however, of the dispute over the calorie value of the supplies which are sent in, he tried also to indicate that the amount is based on the population of that area, without taking the refugees into account. 1 cari assure him that we do take account of the refugees, but what we do not take into account are the Turks from Turkey who came and who are now in that area, and who were responsible for the recent fighting. 11’7. May 1 repeat again that my Government is ready to leave it to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and bis representatives to determine what are reasonable quantities of supplies for those areas. 118. 1 would refer to the statement of the sepresentative of Turkey-and 1 feel that 1 should cal1 him that in spite of the names he tries to find to describe the Cyprus Government, which, after ail, he knows quite well is the Government which 1s acceptedin the United Nations and is the Government to which his own country has a representative-accredited unless it has changed its mind, in which case we ought to know about it-he suggested that it is not for me to invite or dissuade anyone from going into the Kokkina area, because this area is not under the control of the Cyprus Government. When one reads between the lines, the whole policy of Turkey is clear to everybody. They are not interested in the supplies: what they are interested in is that certain areas should not bs under the control of the Cyprus Government. 119. Then he went on to szly that the Turkish Government had made a proposa1 that a committee should go there, consisting perhaps of General Thimayya, representative of the Greek Government in Nicosia, 120. The representative of Turkey said that Turkey had made a proposa1 and was waiting for a favourable reply. A favourable reply from where? If it is to be frorn the United Nations, it is quite clear that the Cyprus Government must be oonsulted. Therefore, if he is waiting for a reply to his own proposal, that proposai, whether he likes it or not, is addressed to the Cyprus Government. However, we made our own proposal, on our own initiative and of our own free Will. We invited the Charg6 d’affaires of Turkey, who whenever he has something to say remembers the Cyprus Government, to participate in this group of the United Nations without, as 1 said earlier, creating my precedent. 120. son gouvernement de laquelle de qui attend-il une r6ponse favorable? Si celle-ci doit venir l’organisation priote. sa propre proposition, cette proposition Chypre. Toutefois, nous avons formulé nous-m&mes une proposition, et ce de notre propre initiative de notre plein gré. d’affaires claration chypriote - & se joindre au groupe des Nations Unies sans que cela ne cr6e, comme je l’ai dit plus haut, aucun préc6dent. 121. But the representative of Turkey made no comment on our own position. Does he, or does he not, trust the Secretary-General and his representatives, when we have proposecl that they should, fromnow on, determine what is reasonable? 1s the idea of having other committees, to go behind the back of the Secretary-General and the United Nations in Cyprus? 1 shall go into detail on this question, as well as on a11 other questions, in the course of next week’s debate. 121. Cependant, le représentant de la Turquie n’a fait aucune observation concernant notre proposition. A-t-il et ses reprgsentants, qui, comme nous l’avons propos&, devraient d6sormais déterminer ce qui est raisonnable et ce qui ne l’est pas? Aurait-il d’agir Nations Unies à Chypre pour envisager d’autres comités? Je parlerai comme de toutes les autres questions, au cours du debat qui aura lieu la semaine prochaine. 122. 1 shall not follow the Turkish representative, as 1 have not done in the past, in lowering the standard of the debate. 1 shall do my best, as always, to be constructive. For a long time, I have clecided to give up trying to correct every distortion uttered by the Turkish representative in the Council, because the wo??lcl has begun to realize how the Turkish Government, through its propaganda machinery, attempts to distort the situation. 1 cannot compete with the Turkish representative in that regard-no one around this table or in the Wnited Nations cari compete with him-and 1 shall not attempt to emulate him. My conscience does not allow me to distort facts ox ta try to make jokes out of a serious situation, and1 shall continue to act as 1 have acted in the past. 122. Je n’imiterai pas le representant de la Turquie - je ne l’ai pas fait en abaissant le niveau des discussions. Je ferai de mon mieux, comme toujours, pour que ma participation soit constructive. Depuis longtemps, j’ai d6cidé de ne allégations avancées devant le Conseil parce que le monde commence a se rendre compte que le Gouvernement turc, par le truchement de ses organes de propagande, cherche B pr&senter la situation sous un faux jour, A cet égard, je ne saurais rivaliser sentant de la Turquie - personne autour de cette table au sein des Nations Unies ne peut lui faire concurrence - et je ne tenterai pas de l’imiter. conscience ne me permet pas de déformer les faits ou d’essayer de plaisanter B propos d’une situation grave; je continuerai d’agir comme par le passé, 123. Le PRESIDENT (traduit du russe}: Je n’ai plus d’orateur inscrit sur ma liste pour la séance d’aujourd’hui. Cependant, le représentant de la Turquie désire participer

I have no other speakers on my list for today’s meeting of the Council. 1 see, however, that the representative of Turkey wishes to take part in the discussion. 1 cal1 upon him.

1 shall be very brief; the 124. M. ERALP (Turquie) [traduit Council need not worry about a lengthy speech, 1 am serai trés bref; le Conseil n’a pas B craindre un long net going to attempt to throw this lldistortion” bal1 discours. Je ne chercherai pas à relancer, d’un c6té frOm one side of the table to the other; 1 think we have & l’autre 126. There are one or two miner’ corrections which I would like to make to the observations of my colleague from Greece. 127. In the case of the deceased persons who happen to appear on these lists, he will see, if he reads the record carefully, that 1 said: “if in fact there are any such cases”. This was merely an explanation in regard to an allegation made by him. 128. As for the area to whichthefact-findingmissicn would be despatched, 1 spoke of “the area concerned”- and in this case the area concerned is Cyprus, and nothing else. 129. He said that 1 hadmerely made vague statements about these warlike preparations, whereas he had given facts and figures, Well, I had refrained from giving such facts and figures in order net to take the tirne of the Council, but I am afraid that 1 shall have to go through this now, This is the information that we have. 130. The Greek Government, parallel with their military activities and political manœuvring in Cyprus and the Aegean Islands, has embarked upon intense military moves since the spring of 1964 and has taken the follcwing measures: The 10th and 11th Infantry Divisions, together with the greater part of the 20th Armored Division and the units of the 31st Military Garrison, have been moved forward and deployed in the proximity of the Turkish border; Armed reconnaissance, artillery and engineering units belonging to the Third Corps and the First Army have been moved forward for support duties while large stocks of ammunition and other military equipment have been built in forward areas to be used for aggressive purposes; 9/ Sec Officia1 Records of the Security Council, Nineteenth Year, Supplementfor July, August and Septemher 1964. The naval and air forces have been placed on a war footing; Les forces sur le pied de guerre, Dix villages proches de Dix villages proches de la frontiere turque ont 6% BvacuBs. Ten villages near the Turkish border have been evacuated; The Greek Government is in the prooess of converting the islands of Samothrace, Limnos, Mytilene, Chios (Sakie), Samos, Nikaria and the Dodecanese into military bases, in violation of the Treaty of Lausanne and the Italian Peace Treaty, which expressly stipulate that these islands should be demilitarizecl. In particular, military concentrations have been effected in the following ,islands: (&) a military force of 500 to 600, equipped with heavy arms and under the guise of “gendarmerie”, has been sent to Mytilene, Chios and Samos-this force is supported by commandos in oivilian clothes and militia units formed from the localpopulation; (b) on Stampalia, 3,000 fully equipped troops, fieid and anti-aircraft artillery. (2) on Rhodes, a force of approximately 6,000, supported by armoured cars, anti-aircraft guns, planes and militia. Le Gouvernement grec est en train de convertir en bases militaires les iles de Samothraq., de L@OS, de MytilîWe, et du Dodécanbse en violation du Traité de Lausanne et du Trait& expressément que ces territoires militarisés., On a effectué notamment des conoentrations a) Une force militaire pes d’armes lourdes et se présentant une unit8 de gendarmerie, a étB envoyée B Mytiléne, B Chios et B Samos. Cette troupe est appuyée de commal,dos en vêtements civils et d’unités de la milice 6) On a installé à Stampaolia 3 000 hommes de troupe entièrement équipés ainsi qu’une artillerie de campagne et de d&fense aérienne; c) A Rhodes, on a mis en place une force d’environ 6 000 hommes, appuyée par des véhicules blindés, des canons antiagriens, milice. These must have been the recruiting offices, to which the representative of Greece was referring. Ce sont l& sans doute les bureaux de recrutement auxquels le representant de la Grèce a fait allusion. 131. I am sorry to bave taken up the time of the Council, but I had to show that we have facts and figures and that we do not need a faot-finding mission in order to ascertain these fa&. 131. Je regrette d’avoir pris le temps du Conseil, mais je devais montres que nous disposons de renseignements concrets et de chiffres et que nous n’avons pas besoin d’une mission d’enquête pour constater les faits. 132. J’estime que nous nous sommes beaucoup gnes de l’objectif Cet organe est charge de maintenir la paix. La Grèce et la Turquie ont lance des appels, dont l’un concerne les P&endues expulsions massives d’Istanbul. J’ai établi qu’il n’y a pas eu et qu’il n’y aura pas d’expulsion massive. Les d8clarations faites au Conseil &taient’ objectives car elles prenaient en considé- ration non seulement les observations du representant de la Grtice, mais aussi les ramifications dela situation en ce qui concerne le sort de la minorité turque à Chypre. Ces observations ont 6th consignées, 132. 1 think we have corne a long way from the original purpose of this Council meeting. The Council is concerned,with keeping the peace. There have been appeals from Greece and from Turkey. One of them has concerned so-called mass expulsions from Istanbul, 1 have proved that there have not been and there Will not be mass expulsions. The statements made in this Council have been objective and they have taken into consideration not only the remarks made by the represontative of Greece but also the ramifications of the situation as it ooncerns the plight of the Turkish minority in Cyprus-and that has gone into the record,

In order to avoid any unwarranted reproach that the President has expressed any concern over the last speaker’s intention to address the Council again, Iam now putting this question for a11 to hear: Does anyone else wish to speak at this meeting? 133. Le PRESIDENT (traduit du russe) : Afin d’bviter que l’on me reproche, ?t tort, quelque appséhension au sujet de l’intention l’orateur aurait pu avoir demander, B haute et intelligible dlautse désire intervenir encore aujourd’hui. 134. 11 semble que personne ne souhaite prendre la parole, Dans ce cas, et a moins qu’il n’y ait d’autres propositions, la prochaine séance du Conseil sur la question a l’ordre du jour sera Convoqu&e apr8s consultation entre le Président et les membres du Conseil. 134. 1 see no other speakers. This being SO, the next meeting of the Security Council on the question under oonsideration will be convened after consultation between the President and the members of the Council, unless a different proposa1 is made now. il en est ainsi d&id& It was SO decided. The meeting rose at 7.10 p.m. HOW TO OBTAIN ,.UNITED United Nations publications distributors throughout the Write to: United Nations, I COMMENT SE PROCURER LES Les publications des Nations Unies agences dépositaires du monde entier. ou adressez-vous b: Nations Unies, COMO CONSEGUIR PUBLICACIONES Las publicaciones de las Naciones casas distribuidoras en todas dirijase a: Naciones Unidas, Section Litho in U.N. Price: $US. 0.35 (or equivalent in other currencies)