S/PV.1159 Security Council

In conformity with the Council’s previous decision, 1 propose to invite the representatives of Cyprus, Greece and Turkey to taJse places at the Security C ouncil table. A t fhe invifation of the President, Mr. Orhan Eralp (Turkey), Mr. Spyros Kyprianou (Cyprus) and Mr. Din?itri S. Bifsios (Greece) took places af fhe Security Council table. Sur (Turquie), S. Bit&os

The first speaker on my list is the Brazilian representative, on whom 1 now call. 2. Le PRESIDENT (traduit du russe): Le premier orateur qui je donne la parole.

In the name of the delegations of Bolivia, Ivory Coast, Morocco, Nosway and of n’y own delegation, 1 have the honour to submit for the consideration of the Security Council ,the draft resolution contained in document S/5986. u 3. M. d818gations de la Bolivie, de la C%e-d’ivoire, du Maroc, j’ai l’honneur de présenter à la consid8ration du Conseil de sécurité le projet de r&olution contenu dans le document S/5986Y* u année. lJ se Officia1 Records of che Securitv Council, Nineteentb Year, supplement for Joly, August and September 1964. 5. Despite the efforts made on both sides, it proved impossible to arrive at a compromise. While regretting this, the sponsors saw fit to submit a draft resolution to the Council which, noting the report of the Secretary-General [S/5950 and Add.1 and 2],1/ extends the period in which the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus [UNFICYP] shall be stationed there for another three months ending 26 December 1964. 6. Besides, the draft resolution reaffirms the Council’s resolutions of 4 and 13 March 1964 [S/5575 and S/5603]& 20 June [S/5778]3/ and 9 August [S/5868]Y and the consensus expressed by the President 11 August 1964 [see 1143rd meeting, para. 3581. 7. Having called upon a11 Member States to comply with the above-mentioned resolutions, the draft resolution also requests the Secretary-General to keep the Council informed regarding the compliance of the parties concerned with the provisions of this resolution. The draft resolution, worded according to the resolution of 20 June, takes a general political decision by confirming the previous decisions of the Council and extending the Force’s tour of duty. 8. The sponsors are convinced that the presence the United Nations Force, by virtue of its stabilizing influence, Will be able to play a decisive role in facilitating the achievement of our common aim, and 1 quote operative paxagraph 7 of the resolution 4 March 1964: 11 .,. a peaceful solution and an agreed settlement of the problem confronting Cyprus, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, having in mind the well-being of the people of Cyprus as a whole and the preservation of international peace and security”.

If no members of the Council or of the invited delegations wish to speak, cari 1 take it that the President may prooeed to put the draft resolution that has been submitted to a vote? 10. Mr, USHER (Ivory Coast) (translated from French): Before the Council votes on this draft resolution, my delegation would !ike to make the following statement. 11. In the course of the general debate, we recalled in our statement [1155th meeting] that the problem of Cyprus had been continuing for nine months and that this was the second time we had been called upon to renew the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus. 21 Ibid., Supplement for Januaxy, February and March 1964. 3/ Ibid., Supplement for April, May and June 1964. 4/ Ibid., Supplement for July, Augusr and September 1964. 13. 1 admit that in this form the resolution is in many respects seriously inadequate. After nine months, in the course of which we have witnessed the troubled situations and the sudden turns for the worse which often have shown that the peace of the world could be imperilled by one sash act, my delegation considers that the Security Council ought to have gone even further in defining principles admitting of new approaches to the affair. The United Nations experts and the Peace-keeping li’orce considered, as we note in the Secretary-General’s report, that in order to make the Foxcets mission more effective, the Council ought: to define it more clearly and grant the Force new technical means, indispensable to the maintenance of order. Obviously, we think that the situation is in a state of flux and that the Council should adapt itself to this extremely unstable situation. 13, J’avoue que, sous cette forme, le projet p&che par de graves insuffisances. Ma d!Zlegation, pour sa. part, pense qu’apri% ces neuf mois au cours clesquels nous ayons étt! les temoins de sihlations troubles et de brusques aggravations qui nous ont dgmontré, souvent, qu’elles 8taient susceptibles de mettre la paix du monde & la merci d’une simple imprudence, le Conseil de sécurite aurait do aller plus avant et définir des principes permettant de nouvelles approches du probl&me. Les experts des Nations Unies et de la Force chargee du maintien de la paix ont estimé - on le constate dans le rapport du Sec&taire g&dral - que le Conseil devrait, mission soit efficace, et leur reconnaitre de nouveaux moyens techniques indispensables au maintien de l’ordre. NOUS pensons Evidemment que la situation est Evolutive et que le Conseil devrait s’adapter & cette situation extrêmement mouvante. 14. The Cyprus Government has made proposals considered very important by the United Nations experts, whose opinion is given in the report. Some of these proposais are acceptable; olhers certainly could be the subject of negotiation; but in anycase, the proposals as a whole defined at least one subject of negotiation concerning some of the not unimportant causes which, from time to time, have troubled and continue to trouble peace on the island. 14. De son côté, le Gouvernement de Chypre a fait des propositions jugees tr&s importantes par les mê- mes experts des Nations Unies dont l’opinion nous est expos8e dans le rapport, Certaines de ces propositions sont acceptables; d’autres auraient certes pu fiire l’ensemble fixait sur certaines des causes non négligeables qui, pgriodiquement, ont trouble et troublent l’ordre dans l’ile. 15. Unfortunately, despite difficult and complex negotiations with the parties and also with members of the Council, we have been constrained to submit to you a draft resolution suffering from omissions whioh my delegation considers grave. 15, Malheureusement, en clepit de négociations difficiles et complexes avec les parties et aussi avec les membres du Conseil, nous avons étB contraints de vous soumettre un projet de r&olution omissions, de l’avis de ma dGlégation, sont graves. 16. 1 wished to make this statement, though I hope that this resolution Will not discourage the United Nations Secretariat, and that the Force will retain a11 its confidence in the Security Council and be able ta take the action desired. I hope that the Governments concerned and the Government of Cyprus, too, Will know how to go ahead and take measures that Will lead to a relaxation of tension on the island, and to a solution before the end of the new three-month mandate which the Council, no doubt, Will grant to the United Nations Force on Cyprus. 16. J’ai tenu a faire cette declaration; j’espare toutefois pas le SecrBtarlat Unies, que la Force gardera toute sa Confiance au Conseil de sdcuritt5 et saura prendre les initiatives voulues, et que les gouvernements intbresses et le Gouvernement de Chypre sauront, eux aussi, aller toujours de l’avant et prendre des initiatives amenant une détente dans l’fle et, partant, permettant à une solution du problame de se dessiner avant la fin du nouveau mandat de trois mois que le Conseil va sans doute confier à la Force des Nations Udes 2 Chypre.

My delegation, which is one of the sponsors of the draft resolution before the Council, would have preferred a text suited eo the demands ofthe situation as it now exists in Cyprus. We appreciate the con- 17. M, SIDI BABA (Maroc): Ma delggation, qui est l’une de celles qui parrainent le projet de r8solution dont le Conseil est saisi, aurait prBf&rB un texte qui reponde mieux aux exigences de la situation telle qu’elle se presente & l’heure 18. Rut on bath sides, we ran into a certain number of difficulties, which 1 would term insurmountable; and finally we were obliged to resignourselves to this deadlock, SO as to bring at Ieast some stability the Cyprus situation even though we are unable to proceed toward more effective action or a solution better adapted to the problem. 19. This is the spirit in which my delegation, on the instructions of its Government, decided to become a sponsor of the draft resolution nowbefore the Council.

The Bolivian delegation wishes to state that it is one of the sponsors of the draft resolution submitted to the Security Council by the representative of Brazil because it is convinced that any step, even the smallest, should be taken to alleviate the crisis in Cyprus. 21. The Bolivian delegation, like others, would have liked this draft resolution to include some substantive aspects which have been constantly deferred, to the detriment of a solution of the problem. As has been said, the draft is vaguely worded and gives the impression that it is meant to be non-controversial. actual fact, however, it is a11 that cari be done at the moment and the only way to reach an understanding and SO facilitate an extension of the mandate of the United Nations Force in Cyprus for a further period of three months, as the Secretary-General suggested. 22. There are two points on which the Bolivian delegation wishes to lay emphasis. The first is connected with the fine report of the Secretary-General, who, as 1 said at a previous meeting of the Security Council, deserves everyone’s heartiest congratulations. would have been better if the draft resolution on which we are abcut to vote had been more explicitly worded in its reference to the report; nevertheless 1 say again that we should acknowledge the remarkable task accomplished by the Secretary-General. 23. The second point on which my delegation wishes to lay emphasis, as has been done nlready and possibly Will be done by other delegations, is the essentially constructive value, in our opinion, of the latest measures announced by the Government of Cyprus in the message of its President, Archbishop IvIakarios. In our opinion, the Cypriot Government by loyally A vote was taken by show of hards. The draft resolution was adopted unanimously.

1 now cal1 upon the Secretary-General. 25. Le PRESIDENT (traduit du russe): parole au Secrl?taire g&&ral,

With regard to the resolution which has just been adoptedunanimously by the Council, 1 deem it necessary to make the following comments. Before doing SO, however, Ishouldlike to say that 1 am very much awareof the complexity of the Cyprus situation and the difficulties involved in finding a consensus in the Security Council which could be formulated into a resolution. 26. Le SECRETAIRE GENERAL (traduit de lfanglais): Au sujet de la &Solution qui vient d’être &Opt&e a l’unanimité par le Conseil, j’estime nécessaire de faire les formuler, je tiens à dire que je suis tr&s conscient de la complexit8 de la situation à Chypre ainsi que des difficultés de S%urit& sous forme de résolution. 27. The Security Council has extended the Wnited Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus [UNFICYP] for a further period of three months on the basis of its resolution of 4 March 1964. It has also reaffirmed its subsequent resolutions on this matter and theconsensus arrived at on 11 August 1964. The functions of the Force, in accordance with the resolution of 4 March, are, in the interest of preserving international peace and security, to use its best efforts to prevent a recurrence of fighting and, as necessaxy, to contribute .to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and a return to normal conditions. 27. Le Conseil de s6curitb a prolong de trois mois, sur la base de sa resolution du 4 mars 1964, le stationnement & Chypre. de la Force des Nations Unies. Il a Bgalement r&ffirmt5 ses autres r8solutions SUT la question, ainsi que le oonsensus exprime le 11 aofit 1964. Conformément B la r&olution du 4 mars, la Force préservation tionales, pour prevenir qu’il conviendra, de contribuer au maintien et au r&ablissement a une situation normale. 28. Moi-mBme et la Force continuerons anOUS acquitter du mandat que le Conseil nous a confie. Ce faisant, j’ai pleinement respecter la liberte de mouvement de la Force, l’execution du mandat, mais est pr8vue dans l’accord sur le statut de la Force signe le 31 mars 1964 [voir les Nations Unies, Je projette également de Continuer de prendre toutes les mesures qui seraient né- cessaires, dans I’exBoution du mandat, pour Prévenir une reprise des combats et contribuer au r&ablissement et au maintien de l’ordre public ainsi qu’au retour compter sur la coop8ration du Gouvernement chypriote et de toutes les autres parties interessges etje tiens, à cette occasion, a leur demander une fois de Plus d’unir retablissement de la paix dans l’fle. 28. Both 1 myself and the Force will continue to discharge this mandate which we have received from the Council. In doing SO, it is my intention to continue to seek full respect for the freedom of movement for the Force which not only is indispensable to the implementation of the mandate but also is provided for in the agreement concerning the status of the Force signed on 31 March 1964 [see S/5634]v by the Government of Cyprus and the UnitedNations. It Will also, of course, be my intention to continue to initiate any actions which would prove necessary for the implementation of the mandate to prevent a recurrence of fighting and contribute to the maintenance and restoratioa of law and order and a return to normal conditions. 1 shall continue to rely on the co-operation of the Government of Cyprus and a11 the other parties concerned and 1 wish, on this occasion, once again to appeal to them to join their efforts with those of IJNFICYP in endeavouring to re-establish peace on the island. 29. As the members of the Council are aware, Archbishop Makarios, President of Cyprus, has sent me a communication, dated 15 September 1964 [S/5950/ Acld.2, annex], outlining certain measures designed to e?ase tensiclrr and to promote a return tonormal conditioas in Cyprc~s. I am already in touch with the Com- 29. Les membres du Conseil n’ignorent pas que Mgr une communication en date du 15 septembre 1964 [S/5950/Add.2, sait certaines mesures de nature & réduire la tension et & favoriser w Ibid., Supplemel,t for Ja,iuary, February and March 1964. --._- s! Ibid., 30. In this respect, 1 wish once again to state that I welcome President Makarios’ suggestions as an important step towards reducing tensions in Cyprus enabling TJNFICYP to carry out its mandate effectively. 31. In my report of 29 August 1964 to the Security Council [S/592O],b/ and again in my report 10 September [S/5950], I brought to the Council’s attention the situation arising from the intention the Turkish Government to proceed with the normal rotation of one third of its contingent and the refusai of the Government of Cyprus to allow it, 32. While questions pertaining to the stationing Cyprus of the Turkish ancl Greek national contingents do not strictly fa11 within the mandate conferred upon me and the Force by the Security Council, 1 indicated to the Council that it was my intention to continue to search for a satisfactory solution of the problem concerning the rotation of the Turkish contingent. These efforts have continued, and 1 am now in a position to inform the Council that the parties concerned have agreed to the proposa1 which I submitted to them, whereby the Kyrenia Road, now under the control of Turkish and Turkish Cypriot armed personnel, Will be placed under the exclusive control of UNFICYP; no armed personnel or armed posts other than those of the United Nations Force Will be allowed on the road; traffic on the road will be free for a11 civilians. The proposa1 also provides for the withdrawal of any positions of the Turkish national contingent which would be within 100 yards of the Kyrenia Road, with the exception of a limited number of houses in Geunyeli which are required by the contingent for offices, accommodations for officers, and for the maintenance and repair of vehicles, The detailed implementation of this arrangement Will be entrusted, naturally, General Thimayya, the Commander of UNFICYP. 33. The Government of Cyprus, without prejudice to its position on the question of the Turkishcontingent’s presence in Cyprus, Will net interfere with the rotation of the contingent. The United Nations Force will observe in the usual manner the movement of the outgoing and incoming elements involved in the rotation. 34. 1 wish to express my appreciation to theGovernment of Turkey for having withheld the intended rotation of its contingent in order to allow time for discussions to take place on tbe basis of my proposais, and to the Government of Cyprus for its co-operation o/ Ibid., Supplement For July, August and September 1964. 36. In view of the Council’s decision to extend the period during which the Force is to be stationed in Cyprus for an additional period of three months, and in view of its decision that a11 costs pertaining to the Force should be met in accordance with the provisions of operative paragraph 6 of the Council’s resolution of .4 March 1964, 1 shall, of course, continue my efforts to obtain further voluntary contributions to caver the costs of the Force while at the same time endeavouring, with the co-operation of the Governments providing contingents, goods and services to the Force, to ensure that the costs chargeable to the Special Account for UNFICYP are held to the absolute minimum required for its effective operation. je poursuivrai, nir de nouvelles contributions volontaires, tout en m’efforçant en même temps, avec la coop8ration des gouvernements qui fournissent & la Force des contingents, des biens ou des services, de faire en sorte que les dépenses imputables sur le compte special de la Force soient maintenues au minimum strictement n8cessaire B son bon fonctionnement, 37. 1 must, nevertheless, reiterate the view 1 expressed in my report to the Council of 15 June 1964 [S/5764]3 that this method of financing the Force is most unsatisfactory, and to repeat my statement in that report that 1 have no assurance that the funds xequired to extend the stationing of the Force in Cyprus by a further three-month period cari be raised through voluntary contributions. 37. Je dois, cependant, exprimer B nouveau l’opinion que j’ai émise dans mon rapport du 15 juin 1964 au Conseil [S/5764g], financement de la Force n’est absolument pas satisfaisante, et rgpgter, rapport, que je n’ai aucune assurance que les fonds necessaires pour prolonger la Force d’une nouvelle periode de trois mois pourront être recueillis au moyen de contributions volontaires. 38. Tout en ordonnant la prolongation du mandat de la Force, le Conseil a maintenu les dispositions selon lesquelles le financement de la Force est assure par des contributions volontaires. De plus, une opposition expresse a Bté formulee au Conseil contre l’emploi de tous autres fonds de 1’ONU B cette fin. 38. Although the Council has directed that the Force be extended, it has maintained the financing of the l?orce on the basis of voluntary contributions. Moreover, express opposition has been stated in the Council to the use for this purpose of any other United Nations finances, 39. If, therefore, after the endeavours 1 have referred to, it should appear to me that the total voluntary contributions in support of UNFICYP are likely to be insufficient to caver a11 the costs for which the Organization might be responsible if the Force were to remain in Cyprus until 26 December 1964, 1 shall have no alternative but to inform the Council of the situation, and, whenever the financial situation makes it necessary, to withdraw the Force before the end of the chree-month period. 39. Si donc, apr&s avoir fait les efforts dont j’ai parle, il devait m’apparartre que le monbant total des contributions suffirait incomberaient 8. l’Organisation si la Force demeurait a Chypre jusqu’au 26 decembre 1964, il ne me resterait plus qu’a informer le Conseil de lasituation et, lorsque celle-ci l’exigerait, avant l’expiration de la période de trois mois. 40. La charge financière de la Force stationnee B Chypre a pu, jusqu’ici, être assumée grâce 8. l’esprit de coop&ation et & la g&&rosité d’un petit nombre d’Etats Membres. Je crois donc devoir adresser un nouvel appel & tous les Etats Membres de l’organisation buent de la paix et temoignent ainsi de leur appui reel des activit& en ex8cution de sa principale obligation, à savoir le maintien de la paix et de la sécuritÉ: internationales. 41. En ce qui concerne la prolongation du mandat de la Force pour une nouvelle période de trois mois, 40. The financial burden of stationing the Force in Cyprus has been carried until now by the supporting spirit and generosity of a limited number of Member States. 1 feel, therefore, that 1 must address a fresh appeal to a11 Rates Members of the United Nations to contribute towards meeting the costs of this peacekeeping operation and thus to demonstrate their effective support of the activities which this Organization has Lo undertake in the fulfilment of its paramount obligation towards the maintenance of international peace and security. 41. As regards the extension of UNFICYP for another period of three months, 1 wish to inform the Council 7/ Ibid., Supplement for April, May and June 1964. 42. 1 am able to inform the Council that I have designated Ambassador Carlos Bernardes, the representative of Brazil, as my Special Representative C@rus to replace Mr. Galo Plaza who has now taken up his functions as United Nations Mediator in Cyprus. 1 wish to express my deep gratitude to the Foreign Minister of Brazil, and through him to his Government, for having responded promptly and favourably to my request for the services of Mr. Bernardes this delicate position. 43. Mr. Bernardes needs no introduction to the members of this Council, in whose midst he sat until recently. His distinguished record of service is well known. In his capacity as Permanent Representative of Brazil to the United Nations, a post that he relinquished a short time ago, he represented Brazil in the Security Council and indeed played an important part in the deliberations of this body at the time when the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus was established on 4 March 1964. 1 feel that we are fortunate in his willingness to serve as my Special Representative, and 1 am sure that the members of the Council share my feelings in this respect. Mr. Bernardes Will arrive in New York on 27 September, and 1 am confident that he Will be able to depart for Nicosia soon thereafter, 44. Finally, 1 wish to refer briefly to the account of the fighting in Tylliria in early August which was presented by the representative of Cyprus during the recent debate in the Security Council. Since there seems to be a certain discrepancy between that ac- COUnt and the information recorded by UNFICYP those distressing days, 1 intend shortly to make available to the members of the Council a more detailed account of the events in question as compiled from UNFICYP sources of information. s/

It will be a great honour for the Brazilian mission and for myself to transmit to the Minister for External Relations of my country the words which the Secretary-General has just addressed to the Brazilian Government nnd Mr. Carlos Alfredo Bernardes, in announcing his appointment as Special Representative in Cyprus.

My delegation welcomes the resolution which this Council has just passed. We believe that the parties principally concerned and the members of the Council have adopted a wise course in agreeing to extend the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force C@rus [UNFICYP] in order to establish conditions in which a solution may be reached. 81 Subsequently circulated as document S/5992 .I 48. Mr. Stevenson also said that we would inform the Council about our contribution for the Force when the resolution was adopted. The United States has alreacly contributed $4.3 million of the estimated $12.5 million cost of the first six months of the operation of UNFICYP. In addition we have, in view of the shortfall resulting from lack of other contributions, furnished without charge to the United Nations about $1 million worth of air transport. 43. M. Stevenson a dit egalement que nous informerions le Conseil du montant de notre contribution au budget de la Force lorsque la r&solution serait adoptée. Les Etats-Unis ont d6ja pris a leur 4 300 000 dollars sur les depenses, evaluges a 12 500 000 dollars, des six premiers mois d’op6- ration raison du deficit r6sultant de l’absence d’autres contributions, des services de transport a6rien qui representent environ 1 million de dollars. 49. Now that the mandate of the Force has been extended for three months at a cost estimated by the Secretary-General at $7,050,000, 1 am authorized to state that my Government Will contribute up to $2,300,000 for the forthcoming three-month period. 49. Maintenant que le mandat de la Force a &e prolongé de trois mois, ce qui entrafhera, d*apr&s l’évaluation de depenses, je suis autorisé & d6clarer que mon gouvernement participera au financement de cette nouvelle p6riode de trois mois a concurrence de 2 300 000 dollars. 50. Le Sec&taire veau qu’il ne peut pas poursuivre l’operation sans disposer des fonds n6cessaires. Nous voudrions donc insister aupres des Etats qui ontg&éreusementfourni des troupes, des B1Bment.s de police, des medetins, fonds, pour qu’ils continuent de le faire au moins dans la meme mesure. Nous insistons particulierement pour que les Etats qui, jusqu’ici, n’ont pas cru devoir verser de contributions volontaires pour cette op6ration de 1’ONU se d6cident & le faire. L’opBration ayant êté approuvee & l’unanimitf3 par le Conseil de &curitb, principe verser de l’Organisation appui financier, qui ne soulévent aucune objection de principe’ les aotivit& rêter et l’organisation faillira honteusement a l’une des taches essentielles qui lui Ont ét6 asSign6es. 50. The Secretary-General has just a moment ago re-emphasized the fact that he cannot carry on this operation unless the necessary funds are provided. We would strongly urge that other States which have generously contributed their troops, theirpolice, their doctors, their facilities or equipment and their funds, continue to do SO in proportions at least equal to their past efforts. We particularly urge that States which have not hitherto seen fit to make voluntary contributions to this United Nations operation now do SO, Since the operation has been unanimously approved by the Security Council, it would not appear that any Member State could have any objection of principle to making SUC~ a contribution. Yet if Members of this Organization are not prepared ta provide financial support, even for United Nations operations to which there cari be no objection of principle, United Nations peacekeeping Will a11 too soon grind to a halt and one of the great and essential abjects for which the Organization was created Will ignominiously lapse, 51. Enfin, je voudrais dire quelques mots des deux bonnes nouvelles que le Secretaire gOn6ral vient de nous annoncer. Tout d’abord, il nous a dit qu’un accord d’une partie du contingent turc a Chypre. Il s’agissait 18 d’une affaire particuli8rement c%licate, qui pouvait felioiter et de la moderation dont ils ont fait Preuve en la &glant aussi &,re félicité du SUC~~S 51. Finally, 1 should like to refer to the two pieces of welcome news which the Secretary-General has just conveyed to us. First, he told us that an agreement has been reachod in regard to the rotation of a part of the Turkish contingent in Cyprus. This was a particularly delicate and potentially hazardous issue, and the Governments concerned are to be congratulated for the wisdom and restraint they have shown in settling it in an amicable manner. The Secretary-General is also to be congratulated for the mediatory role which ho has SO successfully played. I 52, En second lieu, le Secrétaire gfingral nous a fait ie plaisir de nous apprendre que notre ancien col- L&ue, M, Bernardes, representant du Brgsil, allait ?tre son representant personnel a Chypre. Comme i’a rappel6 3. joue un raie important dans l’adoption de la reso- 52. Secondly, the Secretary-General has given us the pleasure of learning that our former colleague, Ambassador Bernardes, the representative of Brazil, is to serve as his persona1 representative in Cyprus. As the Secretary-General pointed out, Mr. Bernardes played an important role in the adoption of the resol ; 1 t 1 <

1 have only a few words to say. First, 1 should like to thank the five members of this Council-the representatives Bolivia, Brazil,thelvoryCoast, Morocco andNorwayfor their long, patient and successful efforts to obtain the agreement of a11 delegations here assembled the resclution upon which we have just vote& Government is most grateful to them for their labours and we regard the result as very satisfactory. 54. Secondly, my delegation has carefully noted the statement just made by the Secretary-General on the situation in Cyprus and on his intentions connected therewith and with other related matters. My delegation welcomes this statement, which Will meet with the full support of my Government. My delegation and my Government particularly welcome the appointment of Ms. Carlos Bernardes, who was until lately our colleague in this Council, to replace Mr. Galo Plaza as the persona1 representative of the Secretary- General in Cyprus, and we should like to wish him a11 success in his most important task. 55. Thirdly, 1 should like to say a few words about finance. When 1 addressedthe Council on 1’7 September, 1 expressed the earnest hope of..my Government voluntary financial contributions are made by Member States promptly and in sufficient amount tc enable the Secretary-General to ensure that the Force is fully maintained and that its operations ,are carried efficiently”. [ 1153rd meeting, para. 26.1 Itis therefore with great satisfaction that 1 have just heard the announcement of the representative of the United States that his Government Will make a further contribution of $2.3 million towards the upkeep of the United Nations Force in Cyprus during the third period of its mandate. 56. 1 cari also now announce the intention of my Government to contribute the further sum of $1 million for this purpose. This is in addition to the $2.4 million already contributed or guaranteed by my Government to this operation and, of course, in addition to the further large contributions which we have made in the shape of men and services. 5’7. 1 really do wish to emphasize once again in this Council the view, very strongly held by my Government, that the heavy financial burden of maintaining the Force for this further period should now be more widely shared among Member Stntes. There is in these times much discussion of the importance peace-keeping and of the valuable part which Council bath cari and should play in this field. The maintenance of peace is of pre-eminent importance to a11 Members of the United Nations and the primary responsibility of the Security Council. But peacekeeping costs money; and my Government has instructed me to take this opportunity to follow Secretary-General in making a most urgent appeal

Since no Council member wishes to take the floor at this time, 1 shall take this opportunity to make a brief statement as the representative of the UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS on the vote just taken. 53. The position of principle adopted by the Soviet Union on the Cyprus question, and more particularly on the dispatch to Cyprus of United Nations armed forces, was stated by the Soviet delegation at the 1102nd meeting of the Security Council, on 4 March 1964. It was reaffirmed in statements by the Soviet delegation at the 1138th meeting of the Council on 19 June, and at the 1153rd meeting on 17 September. 60. We observed at the meeting of 17 September -and 1 should like to repeat it in explaining our vote on the resolution which the Council has adopted-that our position on the question of the use of United Nations forces in general to prevent or put an end to acts of aggression or to protect the sovereignty of a State victim of aggression was also stated in the well-known “Memorandum of the Govexnment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics regarding certain measures to strengthen the effectiveness of the United Nations in the safeguarding of international peace and securityt’, of 10 July 1964 [see S/5811].91 We observed that the indispensable condition for the application of SO extreme a measure as the use of United ‘Nations armed forces must at a11 times and in a11 circumstances be scrupulous compliance with a11 the provisions of the Charter dealing with the use of force for the maintenance or restoration of international peace. 61. The memorandum of 10 July states in detail the conditions which should, in the Soviet Govesnment’s view, he observed in a11 cases where armed force is applied by the Security Council in accordanoe with Chapter VII of the Charter; and it expresses our attitude towards the question when and in what ciscumstances the Soviet Union is prepared, given the strict and full observance of a11 Charter provisions, to participate with other States in the financing of such operations. 62. However, in the case of the United Nations military operation in Cyprus not a11 the provisions of the Charter, as we explained in detail at the Council meeting of 4 March 1964, were observed when the relevant decision, which the Council has reaffirmed 9/ se Officia1 Records of the Sacurity Council, Nineteenth Year, Supplement for July, August and Septemher 1964. 63. Since the Government of Cyprus considered it essential for the protection of the country’s security and territorial integrity, the Soviet Union again refrained from impeding the extension of the United Nations forces’ stay in Cyprus to a second period, ending 26 Septembes 1964, on the same conditions and in strict compliance with the Council resolution of 4 March. 64. It should be pointed out particularly thatintaking that course the Soviet Union also presumed that the Security Council resolutions did net impose any financial obligations on Members of the United Nations whose contingents do not form part of the United Nations force. 65. Today we voted in faveur of a further extension of the stay of United Nations troops in Cyprus for another three-month period, having due regard to the same considerations and the wishes expressed by the Government of Cyprus. However, our position of principle on the questions which have been dealt with in detail and explained by us in the three discussions on this problem held in the Security Council, and particularly on 4 March and 1’7 Septembes, based notably on the memorandum of the USSR Government of 10 July, remains unchanged. We wished to reiterate that position today. 66. In order to save time, and if there are no objections, X shall not insist on the consecutive interpretation of my statement into English and French,

My Government, as I indicated before the Council on 16 September [1151st meeting], has accepted the extension of the presence of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus [UNFICYP] on the terms under which it was established in accordance with the resolution of 4 March 1964. 68. It is with great satisfaction that 1 note that the extension of the United Nations Porte in Cyprustakes place in accordance with the terms of the resolution of 4 March 1964 as laid downinoperative paragraph 3 of the resolution adopted today. 69. In this connexion, 1 wish once again to stress the importance we attach to the co-operation between the Government of Cyprus and the UNFICYP inimplementing the common objectives laid down by the United Nations resolution of 4 March 1964 and reiterated in the resolution today. 1 indicated in my speech before the Council on 16 September that my Government is prepared to do its utmost to co-operate fully with the United Nations in implementing those objectives without prejudice to the sovereign rights of the Government. 1 see with satisfaction that this line has been taken and adopted by the Council, The Secretary- General, in his statement before the Council today, referred to the question of the freedom of movement Unies. Cependant, en raison des incidents qui se produisent de temps à autre, nous estimons que les droits être mis en p&il prejudice dont nous ne pouvons nous departir, suite d’incidents comme ceux que j’ai aujourd’hui et en d’autres occasions pr6cédentes. ‘70. We intend, in spite of a11 these questions, to continue co-operating fully with the United Nations. However, in the light of the incidents which from time to time occur, we feel that the rights of the Government of Cyprus must not be jeopardized and must not be prejudiced in any way. This is a principle from which we cannot depart, particularly in view of certain incidents such as 1 have referred to today and on previous occasions. 71. A great source of satisfaction for us has been 71. the fact that, throughout the Council’s deliberations, des délib&ations du Conseil, presque tous ses memthe proposals and the statements, the intentions and bres ont accueilli favorablement les propositions et the decisions of the Government of Cyprus, contained les déclarations, in the message of 15 September from the President Gouvernement chypriote, of Cyprus to the Secretary-General have been wela exposees dans son message du 15 septembre au comed by almost a11 members of this Council. I am Secr&aire grateful for this recognition. hommage aux efforts de mon gouvernement. 72. 1 wish once more to express my gratitude to the representatives of the Ivory Coast and l3olivia, who have again raised this question today and have expressed their own satisfaction and their welcome to those measures of the Government of Cyprus. 72, Je tiens I nouveau a exprimer ma gratitude aux representants de la Côte-d’Ivoire et de la Bolivie qui ont encore &?oquti cette question aujourd’hui et ont exprim6 leur satisfaction au sujet de cesmesures du Gouvernement chypriote, 73. Mais plus importante encore est la déclaration - je me dois de la mentionner - que le SecrBtaire gt%n&al a faite aujourd’hui au Conseil, dans laquelle il a r6pét6 de nouveau qu’il accueille avec satisfaction Chypre en tant que progrés important vers la r6- duction de la tension 8. Chypre et moyen de permettre B la Force de s’acquitter efficacement de son mandat. Il est tr??s encourageant d’apprendre que le SecrBtaire géneral, comme il l’a dit aujourd’hui au Conseil, a dejà. pris contact avec le Commandant de la Force au sujet de l’application de ces mesures. 73. But more important-and 1 feel 1 must refer to it-is the statement made today by the Secretary- General before the Council, in which he repeats, once again, that he welcomes the suggestions and the plan of the President of Cyprus as an important step toward reducing tensions in Cyprus, and enabling UNFICYP to carry out its mandate effectively. Bven more gratifying is the fact that the Seoretary-General, as he stated today before the Council, has already been in touch with the Commander of UNFICYP in connexion with the implementation of those measures. 74. Nous sommes profondgment desireux, il nous tarde beaucoup en V&ite, de voir la paixet une situation nous allons faire le pas&, tout notre possible. C’est dans Cet esprit que, en r6ponse 2 l’appel adressé au Gouvernement chypriote 74. We are deeply interested, indeed, we are very anxious , to see peace and normality restored to Cyprus; and in this direction we are going to do as we have done in the past: our utmost. It is in this spirit that, in response to an appeal made to the Cyprus Government by the Secretary-General, we decided not to interfere with the rotation of a part ‘75, I wish to state in this connexion also that we welcome the opening of the main road between Nicosia and Kyrenia, which the Secretary-General has been able to secure. He noted in his report that that road Will be exclusively under UNFICYP control. In this connexion, 1 have to state that we aocept this arrangement, without prejudioe to the sovereign rights of the Government to exexcise control over the whole country. 76. In regasd to the Secsetary-General% statement before the Council today, I wish to refer to the appointment, as he announced, of Mr. Bernardes to replace Mr, Plaza as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus. Mr. Bernardes has been known to us for some time, and it was in the course of his presidency in the Seourity Council that the first resolution on Cyprus was adopted, through his own initiative, on 4 March 1964. We wish to welcome this appointment, and we wish to assure the Secretary-General that our Government Will co-operate with him fully, as we did in the past with Mx. Plaza when he was acting as the Secretary-Genexal’s Special Representative in Cyprus. 77. May 1 join in whathas been said by the Secretary- General and other representatives, in expressing appreciation to the Government of Brazil fox agreeing to Mr. Bernardes rendering his services in Cyprus as representative of the Secretary-General. 78. Having dealt with the question of the measures chat my Government has taken and announced that it Will take, 1 wish to stress that it is its intention to explore a11 possibilities for the pacification of Cyprus and for the restoration of normality in the country, in Go-operation with the United Nations and with the United Nations Force stationed in Cyprus. Oux polioy is peace, and we are going ta pursue this line. As I said on other occasions, we do not want war. But if we are attacked, we shall defend ourselves to the last. In purauing our efforts fox the restoration of peace and normality in the country, we shall do our utmost to co-operate with the new Mediator in Cyprus, Plaza; and in this connexion, 1 wish most emphatically to reject statements ‘that have been uttered in the Council in the course of this debate, that my Government has undermined the task and the mission of the previous Mediator, the late S&ari Tuomibja. If it were only possible for the Council to know the views we have expressed to the late Mediator, as well as of the views that other parties have expressed him, I am sure the Council would bemore enlightened as to who has really undermined the mission of the late Mediator. 79. We shall work with the new, Mediator for the purpose of finding a solution in accordance with the principles of the United Nations Charter, taking into sccount the phraseology of the 4 March 1964 xesolution with respect to the interests of the people of Cyprus as a whole. 81. 1 am particularly pleased to note that thesecurity Council in its latest resolution reaffirms its earlier resolutions, which called upon a11 parties to respect the territorial integrity and independence of Cyprus. 1 sincerely hope that we shall not again be faced with disavowal of the Council’s wishes or withnewviolations of its resolutions or of the Charter of the United Nations, particularly Article 2, paragraph 4, which is specifically mentioned in the resolution of 4 March 1964. 81. dans a de nouveau qui gritt5 J’esp??re ter Conseil Charte de 1lArticle r&olution 82. 1 wish once more to state before the Council 82. that my Government, while striving for peace, is que mon gouvernement, determined to defend itself in case of aggression. est Our policy on the political aspect is quite simple: attitude we shall do our best with regard to the safeguarding ferons of the minority rights, but we feel that, once this is minorite, done, the United Nations Charter and its principles garantis, should be fully applied to Cyprus, as is the case with devront a11 the other countries in the world, ils le sont B l’égard 83. Chypre cours en 82 p. 100 de la population. démocratie, qui doit déterminer chypriote tions minorit&, 83. 1 wish to state that the Greek majority in Cyprus-whioh, in the course of earlier debates in the Council, some members put on the same level as the minority, simply talking about two communitiesrepresents 82 per cent of thepopulation, The majority, in accordance with the principles of democracy, must rule, and the majority must determine the future of the country. The Government of Cyprus is fully aware of its obligations to the minorities-1 repeat, minorities, because there is more than one. 84. Unies de la mani?.?re qui convient, ni$re tr&s Solution de sommes 84. I am quite convinced that if the United Nations decides to approach the Cypriot problem in the right way, that is, in an orthodox way, justly, logically and realistically, a solution to the Cypriot problem cari very easily be found, because it is, and must be, within the framework of the Charter of the United Nations, which we are a11 dedicated to serve. 85, pouvait, priote a tirer d’armes Nations Chypre, La liberté

1 suppose it was only to be expected that the Greek Cypriot delegation would atternpt to make capital out of the incident concernîng the transportation of arms by certain personnel of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus [ WNFICYP] for the purpose of further trying to limit the freedom of action of the Force. The incident bas been blown up out of a11 proportion, After all, such irregularities occur in any armed force of that size. If these members of the Force have committed any irseg-ularity or showed a lack of discipline, they Will answer to the court martial in their own country. ;0nfl6. sent .mportance. :ommis lline, le leur propre 86. On the other hand, ît cannot be said that they bave broken any Cypriot law, since the Greek Cypriot 36. On si018 me 87, If there is any guilt attached to the deeds of these men of UNFICYP, it is certainly infinitesimal in oomparison with the guilt of the Greek Government and others who continue to supply arms to the Greek Cypriots which have been used in the past and may well be used again in the future for the purpose of massacring innocent Turks. The action of these members of the Force must have been prompted by a feeling of sympathy for the oppressed, the underdog, whereas arms supplied ta the Greek Cypriots strengthen the oppressor. 88. The major ground for concexn in this minor incident 1s the fact that the arms which were being transported, instead of being impounded byUNFICYP, have been handed over to the Greek Cypriots SO that they may conceivably be used in aggressive operations against the Turkish community, such as the attaoks in the areas of St, Hilarion and Tylliria. If it is wrong fox the Foroe and its personnel to transport arms from one sector to the other on the same side in the civil war, is it not even a greater wrong to talce the arms presumably intended for one side and deliver them to the other? 89. The Secretary-General in his latest reportposes the question as to whether the build-up of arms by the Greek Cypriot Government is in oonformity with the resolution of the Security Council. My delegation would have thought that at least it would be out of the question for UNFICYP itself to add on the ground of formality, to the arms build-up of either side. In this connexion, 1 have no doubt that the Council has taken good note of the eloquent remarks of the xepresentatiVe of Bolivia ooncerning the dangers and the inadmissibility of the arms build-up. 90. 1 have asked to speak mainly in order to express briefly my delegation’s appreciation to the sponsors of the resolution which has just been adoptedfor their tiXeleSS efforts in trying to find oommon ground for the seemingly irreconcilable positions of the parties. 11: is the view of my delegation that the present resolution, while not going SO far as we would have wlshed in the direction of extending the authority of UNFICYP, still provides sufficient authority fox the Secxetaxy- General to proceed effectively and energetically with the job of keeping. the peace in the island. 91. By noting the report of the Secretary-General and reaffirming its previous resolutions, the Council has in effect allowed the Secretary-General, who is after a11 the best judge of the conduct to be followed in 92. During the preparatory work on the drafting of the resolution, the members of the Council witnessed a determined attempt on the part of the Greek Cypriot delegation to insert in the resolution a binding reference to the notorious proposals of the Makarios Government. Its aim was too obvious to be disguised. In view of the generally admitted necessity to extend the authority of UNFICYP Force, the Greek Cypriot regime attempted to have the Council indicate the direction in whioh such extension should take place. Briefly, it was an attempt to direct the UNFICYP Force to serve the inadmissible purposes of the Greek Cypriot régime. It was an attempt to exploit a seemingly conciliatory move for the purpose of imposing a political stranglehold. 1 say seemingly conciliatory, because, if you Will observe the document circulated this afternoon as S/5985,-/ which contains a m.essage from the Vice-President of Cyprus, Mr. Fazil Kiiçtik, to the Secretary-General, you Will see that the notorious blockade is in fact still being applied in part on the island. 93. 1 have heard with great pleasure from the Secretary-General that his attempts to mediate in the thorny question of the rotation of the Turkishregiment on the island have borne fruit. That is a step in the right direction, The right to rotate the contingent based on the island under the Treaty of Alliance of 1960, which is still valid, is beyond dispute and cannot be made the subject of any bargaining or anyconcession. une fois de plus combien mon gouvernement aPPr8cie 94. The opening of the Kyrenia Road to unarmed civilians is also a step in the right direction which was taken by the Turkish Government for the sake of bringing peaceful conditions to the island. It is not connected with the rotation of the Turkish contingent. Once again, 1 should like to express on behalf of my Government our appreciation for the efforts of the Secretary-General in ridding this question of its thorns. 95. Coming back to the resolution, we believe that it offers no hindrance to the extension of the powers of UNFICYP, as suggested in the report of the Secretary-General. Nevertheless, since certain of the sponsors have expressed the view that they would have preferred a more distinct wording for the question of the granting of wider powers, the failure to do SO oan clearly be laid at the door of the Greek Cypriot delegation which insisted on connecting the question of such wider powers with its tendentious schemes. la Force Sec&taire Comme certains pr8f8r8, nettement que, incombe qui a insisté tendancieux. 96. ment chypriote nement question generale. craindre 96. 1 have just heard from the Foreign Minister of the Greek Cypriot Government that that Government intends to request the inscription of the question of Cyprus on the agenda of the General Assembly. 1 am glad to hear this news. We have nothing to fear from the deliberation of this question by the General AsgLo/ ibid. 98. Finally, 1 should ltie to sayawordof gratification at the appointment of Ambassador Carlos Bernardes as the Secretary-General’s Speoial Representative in C@rus, in seplacement of Mr. Galo Plaza. My delegation had the pleasure and the honour of meeting that distinguished diplomat here in the Seourity Council, when the question of Cyprus came up for the first time. We have greatly admired his ability, bis candour, his great forwardness, his honesty, his impartiality and his constructive approach to a11 issues, My Government whole-heartedly rejoices at his appointment, and 1 am sure that he Will receive a11 the co-operation that he may desire from the Turkish Government, from the Turkish contingent on the island, and from a11 authorities of Turkey connected with the Cyprus dispute.

1 do not wish to start a new debate. There is, at least, one point upon which we agree with the representative of Turkey: that we shall have the chance to debate the wholeissue before the General Assembly of the United Nations if by then the efforts of the Mediator have not borne fruit. 100. However, 1 wish to draw the Council% attention to one particular point, The representative of Turkey referred to my delegation’s insistence on including in the resolution the proposais of PresidentMakarios. This, 1 may say, is an unusualaffair: to &y to present to the Counoil what has been going on in the course of oonsultations about a resolution. But, of course, this should be expected of the representative of Turkey . However, 1 wish to inform him and the Council-as most of the Council members may already know-that the inclusion of President Makarios’ proposals in the resolution was not suggested by our delegation. Furthermore, 1 was hoping that the representative of Turkey, having just heard the newandmostfavourable comments by the representatives of the Ivory Coast and Bolivia, and having just heard the Secretary- General’s statement about the proposals of Archbishop Makarios, would at least have kept silent. BU~, again, it might bave been expected of him not to remain silent. 101. There is another point which 1 would like to mention. The Secretary-General has just announced -and this has already been welcomed-that an arrangement has been reached, through his untiring efforts, with regard to thequestionof the openingof the Kyrenia Road and the rotation of the Turkish contingent. The representative of Turkey has just heard this statement of the Secretary-General, but he chose to distort it. He said that the question of the openingof the Kyrenia Road and the question of rotation have nothing to do

We have before us the text of the resolution which the Counoil, following the proposa1 of the delegations of Bolivia, Brazil, Ivory Coast, Morocco and Norway, has just adopted. My delegation has already had occasion to speak in favour of the extension of the mandate of the United Nations Force stationed in Cyprus. In the opinion of my Government, this Force has rendered great service to the cause of peaoe, and 103. le texte de la r&olution sition la C%e-d’ivoire, d’adopter. prononcer Force l’avis services son 8ventuel actuelles, itS withdrawal would have, in the present circumstances, extremely serious oonsequences. 104. It is therefore with satisfaction that we note that the Council notes that the Secretary-General considers this extension to be necessary and that the Government of Cyprus has signified its wish to have the Force maintained in Cyprus beyond 26 September, provides for the extension of its stay there for a further priod of three months. We also note that the Council reaffirms its resolution of 4 March 1964, and alto those it has adopted subsequently, and that it once more appeals to a11 Member States to comply with these resolutions. We hope that the weight of this appeal Will impress itself on those who, by their actions or by threats, bave infringed on the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus. 104. constatons gen&al et que le Gouvernement de voir 26 septembre, stationnement Nous sa résolution a adoptees appel conforment, sera menaces, Republique 105, aux hommages de la resolution, l’accomplissement et de mediation 105. Finally, my delegation whole-heartedly joins in the tribute SO justly rendered in the preamble of the resolution, to a11 those who have contributed to the accomplishment of the difficult task of pacification and mediation in the Cyprus affair. 106. As 1 had oocasion to state on 17 September [ 1153rd meeting], the most positive, solid, and oonstructive element emerging from this debate is the plan concerning measures of pacifioation offered by the President of the Republic of Cyprus. 1 added at that time that this plan, if applied promptly with the assistance of the United Nations and the goodwill of the Turkish minority, might rapidly change the situation which prevailed in Cyprus until a few days ago, and might thus meet the wishes of a11 those who are working towards pacification, The faot that the measures offered by the President of Cyprus have been welcomed by a11 the members of the Security Council is proof of their importance. It is thereforewith much regret that we have noted the negative reaction of the Turkish delegation. 106. tembre le plus débat est le plan concernant cation que le PrBsident a offert. ment avec l’assistance volont dement changer il y a quelques jours, ainsi pacification. le Président membres leur importance, le regret ;ive de la d818gation turque. 108. The Greek Government was the first to welcorne and encourage the action of the President of the Republic of Cyprus towards the restoration of peaceful living conditions; it is hopeful that, in spite of the negative seactions and the obstruction which have been evident, the Government of Cyprus Will continue in the course which it has set for itself. The measures already detailed and those which the Government of Cypsus may subsequently take, derive from the exeroise of its rights as the Government of a sovereign country; they are not subjeot to the approval, or indeed to the disapproval, of anyone. In adopting measures of pacification to facilitate the return to normal conditions, the Government of Cyprus not only is quite within its rights but also, which is equally important, is acting in accordance with the wish of the international community. 109. The Turkish Government and those-fortunately very few in number-who support it in its negative attitude Will assume a heavy responsibility if they endoavour to psevent the return of peace in Cyprus; in the final analysis, it is this return to peaceful conditions which constitutes the aim of the United Nations operation, as this has been SO fully defined in the resolution of 4 March 1964. 110. Before concluding, 1 should like to welcome the nomination of Mr. Carlos Bernardes as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus. Al1 those who had the privilege of co-operating with Mr. Bernardes when he was with us were able to appreciate his high moral character and his great tact; such qualities guarantee the suocess of his new mission.

It Will be for me, Mr. President, a great honour to transmit to my Government the statements made in the Security Council by the Foreign Minister of Cyprus and by the representatives of the United States, the United Kingdom, Turkey andGreece on the appointment of Mr. Bernardes as the Speoial Representative of the Secsetary-General in Cyprus. The meeting rose at $.!Y$ p.m. HOW TO OBTAIN UNITED United Nations publications distributors throughout the Write to: United Nations, Sales COMMENT SE PROCURER LES Les publications des Nations Unies agences dépositaires du monde entier. ou adressez-vous 9: Nations Unies, COMO CONSEGUIR PUBLICACIONES Las publicaciones de las Naciones casas distribuidoras en todas partes dirijase a: Naciones Unidas, Seccion - Litho in U.N. Price: $US 0.35 (or equivalent in other currencies)