S/PV.1694 Security Council

Mr, President, first of atl I wish to express my gratitude to you for being so gracious as to allow me to speak in the Council, I also wish to express my feelhigs of high .egard for all the members of the Security Council, the supreme organ of the United Nations apart from the General Assembb I 5. I em addressing the Council not in order to have any disputes with anyone, but simply in order to explahl and make perfecUy clear the correct attitude of the Cnvornment of Spain in the matter of the ship Albutros, to which a representative referred yesterday. 6. In accordance with its policy of non.hiterference In the internal affairs of other countries, with many of wllich we have ties of brotherhood and with all of which my country wishes to maintahi the most cordial and friendly relae tiuns-and I am referring to the countries of the African continent-1 shall lhnit myself to reading out the official communlqub of the Government of Spahi on the case UP the ship Albutms, a communiqu8 which was made public several weeks ago. it reads as follows: “The British Embassy in Madrid communicated of&- cially to the MinIstry of Foreign Affairs of Spain thet its lnfomlution services had news that n landing In Fcrnundo PO was being prepared by a group of white mercenaries with the assistance of another coup, of African origin, for some thne after 20 January. The opcratlon would be ~.. Il. -Mr.~SEN (India): Mr. President, we offer to you OCJ~ warmcst compliments and congratulations on your be. condng the P&dent of tha Council for thh rnon+ of March. I shall reserve for a future date a full tribute to your quailtics as a man and a diplomat, for it Is right that your countrymen should hear directly from your cdkaguos what they think of the Panatnanian roprMentatlva to the United Nutions, and more partictiariy to the Security Council. Meanwhtlo we assure you of our lIdlest co-operation in your work as President and of our slncarert friendrddp to you, your delegation and your country, May I, in this conkxt, say how much wo appreciated the work of your predccossor, our friend and colleague, Ambassador O&ro- Jowl of Kenya, 7. That was the information iniUoliy received by the Spanish Govcrntncnt, The communiqud goes on to say: %I uccordancc with the policy agrcod to by the Council of Ministers of the Govcrmqent of Spain on 4 Pcbruary, which dcemcd it to be in accordance with Spa&h interests to ‘aliminatg completely any attotnpt ugulnst the tcrritorid ~itcgrity bf Equatorial Gutnea carried out from Spain’, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs wsrned the Ministrios of Govermncnt and the Navy. As a result, the A/burros was intcrccpted in the port of Arrccifc at Lanzarotc at dawn on the 17th, and its crew, as well as all other persons on board, were arrested. 12. The probletn that the Council Is db~u4ttg MW Ir relatively sitnple and straightforward. A Member State, Zambia, cotnplalncd to us that it was being subjectad to economic pressure of intolerable soverity frotn Southam Rhodesia and to frequent nlllitary harassment by Sc!Ulh Afrka and Khodcl, involving death and Injury to Zambian citizens and destruction of Zambian property. Zambia alleged that, as a result of those acUvltiw, the tansion in the area, whkh was already very great Indeed and whkh constituted a threat to international peace and security, had increased to a point whore open rmd huge-soalo hostlllties appearad hnmlttent unless the Cou.ncU took effeclfvo and immediate action. Znmbla further claimed that it was being penalized for no other mason but that it had attempted to carry out faithfully the numerous resolutions of the United Nntions imposing sanctions ugainst the tilegal racist rdginle of Ian Smith in Zimbabwe. “From.the interrogations and searches carried out on the ship, II was lenrnod that in fact u !anding in Fernando PO hnd been planned, the purpose of which was to do away with President klaclas and his main assistants, bccnuse a plan of operations was found, as wcli as photographs of the most outstandIng governmental figurcs and of public buildings on the isltuid. No cargo of weapons was found, “The Govcrnmcnt of Spain decided shnply to cxpoi from its nutionul territory the crew and passengers of the A!&rus, with the exception of the captain, the englncer and tho cook, who wore detained, and orders were given to the ship to icave the port of Arrecifc, since thoro were not sufflclcnt grounds for proceeding to legal action. The Albu~rus gave as its point of destination the port of Casablanca, so ii was deemed appropriate to escort it, with a Spnnish patrol, within our Jurisdlctiortal waters and then to follow it in free waters in order to ascertain its real destination, 13. The Caut~cli, tri order to deal with the Zamblan compldnt, followed a simple and classical procedure. It appinted a special misston which vi&ad the area and otbr countries inunedlateiy involved, inc!udhag the United Kh~k dom, the odtninistoring Power, heard optnions of a large number of leaders, saw the border are& and draw its OWII conclusions and made Its own assessment. If it could not visit Southern Rhodesiu, It was &ply because the adrnb nistering Powor stated that such a request could not be hnplemonted L’~ce the U&d Wngdom had no powar on the ground” /S/i0896 end Corr.i, prrra 431, South Africa, of course, did not coaaperata because, in its opinion, the United Nations had not satisfied the South African test of objectivity and Impartiality, “The Ministry for External Affairs of Spain has roportod all this to the Secretary-Gcnerrd of the United Nations, to Utc Government of Morocco and to the President of Equatorial Guinea, Both the Government of Morocco and President !Aacias have exprorsed their profouttd grtitiludc for thr action taken by Spain, wirich led to aborting an attampt which, if carried through, would have created a serious lhrcol Jo Spanish rclatlons and in&rests ill Equatorial Gulnoa” 14. Tho S~cci~i Mission has produced, after weeks of painstaking work, a commendable raport whkh is both detailed and anslytkal. st contail& much valuablu informam Uon und has both political and cconomk assesrmarrtr. Two days ago /16Y21rrl mering/ the Cludrman of the MIssion, Mr. Anwar !Sani of indoncsla, competently introduced tho Mission’s ropolt and asked un to read it with crime Wo have done so and we corrgra!ulrrtc the members of the Mission on a job well dono. We arc now to take action on tho report and two draft resoiutioiu wkti 1~1f1ir0 t!6. and, I should add, In the rest of Africa. 8. The note I addressed to the Secretary-S,msal, to which the text of the communiqu6 of the Guvcrnrr~~:rrt of Spain mforr. is tinted I Y January. Y. Tho I’KESIIXNT (lnterpria~iutt fiurrt Spuidslt): The Council will now conPir1u0 conslderaUort of the itctn on its ugenda. 16. Two concrete points require brief camments, The first relatas to the presence of South African troops-,or call thcrn by any other name you like-in the border areas, partMarty on the frontiers between Zambia and Soutl~cra Rhoda&. The Unt denial of the South African (lovorn. merit-although it ta noteworthy that it does not deny that armeil police are there In brdetermluato numbers-does not stand up to tho evidance UIC Special MIssion has collated Md h&ded in its report. S. shall cite but one example: Uris la from the briefing by Mr. Zulu, the hlinls~cr of Defoncc of Zambia: “‘A%a representative of the Mlnistry of Defcnco concluded by saytn&t that If a thbrg walked Iike a duck, looked liko a duck and quockcd like a duck, it muat be a duck. Those smxllsd poUcmen wore booto llko sohiicrs, carried rifles Uke soldiers, rode In military vehicles and did military fobs, eo Urey must be nnllltnry men.” /S/10896, p~tur 8Z/ That may not atinfy some obtuse brand of phllosophcr, but It Ir 0naugIl for lkl8ll ofcolnkIlon tmls3. 17, The second point I should like to mention Is also Included In the report. It is the view of the Secretary. General of the Comnionwealth h London, Mr. Arnold Smith, who must be credited with IUUC~I sophisUcaUo~~ and erudition. I dmuld like to quote the paragraph L question: &e SecretnlyGenero) bf the Commonwealth pohW?d ottt that the Zarrtblan Government had not taken the lnitiutlve in the new confrontation with UIO illegal ,-dnority r&tn~ ill Southern Rhode&. On the contrary, that r&me had untiateratly introduced an ccononh blockade and then had lifted the blockade. ‘rhu Zambiatl Government, very nnderstandabty, was taking the post. Uon thut it could not be expected to rely, for csscntial hnportr and exports, un a route that could bu opcncd und shut irmrponstbly and without consultation, It wished, therefore, to devotop further all alternative routes, ‘thus allowing it to comply more comj%tely with the sa~~ctloiis @Icy reached at Og meetiw of the Commonwealth Heads of Government In 1966, and whir the muntlatoiy rasolutton of tho Security Couk~ckt.” /lbkl., pam, S1.l 18. GLven UIW facts Qlld Urlo assessment, WC l:llll IIUW proceed to PCIIWL III tho poMcal Rcld, quite clearly, thoru witi be no lolutlon u~dl the principle of majority rule in S~~lham Ithoderls has becn fully accepted nod hrrplc. The coatknmd deployment of South African urmed ‘~~forCe0 In proximity to tho border with Zambia and IheIr undcaied presenec tn other ncigllbouring tarritorlos IS u very important faotor in the contlnuatioi~ of thq curKent stat0 of tcndon,“/Ib&& pm, 1674 ,. So one of our princtpsl obfcctives should be to &suw tlint those troops arG withdrawn. 19, 01 UIO long.torm sdutlon of the problem, UIO ~ou~~cit has repeatedly aftlrmed the primary responsibility of the United Kingdom, as tho admhUstGring Powor, to brhlg the rebellion III Southern Khodosia to UII ond and to sccuro for Lo people as a whole their Innlionablo rights to III&. pcndenca and self~detormination. My dcIcgation has on a mnubcr of wcasio~Is pointed out the alr of tlction and miresMy which surrounds (Ills reponslbility, which the United Khlgdom conti~~ucs to clalrn, but Uio powor to dlscharp wldch it disclaims on all posslblo mcasia~~~, However, OS 1 stated bi Addis Ababa: “as loog as the United Kingdom Cuvurnmcnt Il!~ll maintabis that It has rosponslbiiity fur Zimbubwo, wG hold it to itn conunltmor~t for carryhlg out all the reconnncndations and de&Ions of UIO United Nations, as also for mcnsures necessary for the wolfare of the p~oplc of Zimbabwo as a wholo.” / 1635th r~tcetlrrg, pm. S&j It ts in viow of this poai~o~I, which is generally accoptod by the Cotmcil, that we have in our draft resolution indicutcd speclflc responsibUItles for UIO United Ktngdom and hlicatod brlefly how Ule principles cm be bost sccrucd through Uie action of that Coveramcnt. 20. Tho resolution of the economic problems fachlg Zambia is directly related to UIO proclahned doslre of UIC Unitod Naliom to hpos full sanctions 011 Southern Rhodesia and to make UIW affective, Prom time to thno we hear complaints from this country or Urot country :hat some other country has vlolated the sanctions or circun~ ventdd them In a variety of ways. Hore then is a country which comes to us and tells us that it is dotsrminod to apply the rosolutlons of the United Nations and asks for our help 111 reduchig the dlfftculties it will fncc bccausc of its special geugraphicul pusitioi~ and ~GIXIUSC of IIS ~IIA~ ewwr~Ils Ihtwy und dcpcndcnco w southern Africa, It is nut askiuy for profits, nor quibbling about itd’initcly smull economic burdens which r:cher countries can oaslly bear. How grest the burden It will havu to face in implc~~~Gntlr~g fully tha pOtiCy of f4allcliolls is clear fixJill UIU sj*ccjad Mission’s report itself, The iauncdistc need of nourly $150 milliun ~cc~kls IU bo about a third of UIC PIIIUUII~ the Zambian Covcrmncn~. collects 11s its ycurly rcvenuc, If, ~II these circu~~kstu~~c~s, thr United Nn~ions, JIB Monrbor Covcrnrncnts alld spcciulizod up~clce sunnut, according IO their IIUXIIS, yivc rcliuf to Zambiu ~II order IO OVO~CI)IIIC itu promnt diffic~~l!ios +md cli~r~inatu its deyr~kdok~oe km south. urn tcrlilurics, our CIUIIII that wu wk-41 11, nrukc UM any way. *‘A@J~s that the stutc of tcnslon has been hclghtc

Mr. President, earlier on followbig the recent provocotlvc 4nd a~rcsslvc I you unnouncod the delegation of Indonesia’s co.sponstrr. committed by tho tilegnt rEglme In Soulhcrn Rhodl ship of the two draft rcsolutlons. I should Ilke to thank you against Zambia”. for that and to thank the delegation of lndoneste for joining with us In trying to find a solution to this very The next modltlcation affects opcr4tivc pnragruph h. I tricky and difficult problem. I also have the distblct lowing the words “rcsolutlon 320 (1972) of 29 Scplcni ptcasuro of announcing that the delegation of Peru also has 1972,” that parugroph tmw reads as follows: agrcnd to join us III sponsoring these two draft resolutions, I “ta?ting Into account nil proposals und sv~~ostiost 23. The fact that more delegations are now co.sponsoring extending the scope and improving the cffccUvcncs these two dmft resolutions is;. in a way, a small effort oti sanctions a@nst Southern Rhodesia (Zlmbubwc)“. the part of those countries-sdmo of U&n Latin American countries, somG countries on the European continent-to’ join togother in un Gffort to find a solutiot~ which hdlds the key to the rclatlonship between the people of the Afvican continent and of the continents of Europe and America. I em glad th4t the cnll for justice is so clear 4nd that so many delcg4Uous roprosentcd In this Council are bcglnnlng to respond to it. l’hey are responding to the call for justice for tha pcoplc of Zhnbabwo; they are respond@ to the call for Uie prescrvnUon of freedom and dignlt,y of the pco Ie of Z4mbla. We are happy that so many delegatiori’ P have rcsponderl to thnt cnil and that, 9s a result, WG hpve a larger sponkorshlp of these two drnft resolutions. ” 24. I;ollowhg the introduction of the two draft’ resotu. tlons yesterday, WG had consultations WIUI various delegp. tions, p4rUculnrly with the delo@tion of the United Kingdom. I must say that our consultations were very cordial and WC achieved d compromisa on a number of Isucs. But thorc are one or two aspects of the draft rcsoiutlons on which we have not found any mutual a~conrmodation. 28, Mr. HIJANG liuu (Chbiu) (lruwsluliotr ~IWI)J C/J/W The Chhlcse deiegi&on would like to s;~y n few words the aucstlon now unrlcr consldcratloll bv the Sccu 25. I draw ttw COIIIICII’S aitention first to the druft CounEll. resolulion contulned In document S/l O899, operative parugr4ph 5 of which we have agreed !o modify by deleting the 2Y. At the meeting of the Council held on 30 J:nn words “rind the Economic and Social Cuuncii” and tho [ 16fBrh mee~it~g/, the Chinese delcgatlon mdc ;I I’4 words “laclrrditrg lhe possible esttlblishrncnt of a special conqwhel~sive statcmcal 0~1 ho qllcNioll ol’ the tthotlc: fund for Zamble” irnd insertbig a small phrusG, so thut racist r&me committing crimes of provot:atio!l and ulp paragraph 5 wlil read: don against Znmbia. The t:hincsc dctcgd:atlon wlsl~cs to I this opportunity to rcafflrm that the (‘lrlricsc (;uverim “f<cyrres~s the Secretery-C;eneraI In culleboratlon with and people firmly support the %ambinn t ~c~~nmrr~t the q\pkupriutc organlzutions of the Unlted Nutions pccpls in Urcir snienu~ stand of &fiz~tli~~y, tl4tkiv nalic 26, ‘As regards tho draft resolulloa In docunront S/slrOB we have accepted thG following modlflcatlnns. The f affects operative pamgraph 2. Wo have sptlt thut pamgr, into two Yccuon6, t110 nrst of WlllCll Is llO\V cor1tnlr1cd In new fourth proambular pnragraph, It Ponds as li~llows: V?~#?YI&I# Ulat the shutlon ~JJ Southurn Rltodi constitutes a threat to Intorn4Uonai pcacc and sccuril The now paragraph 2 rcadr 4s follows: The other modlffcations affect opcrativc psragraph 8. ’ first Is the lnsortion of the phrase “as 4 whole” bctwccn words “Zimbabwe” 4nd “would”. A sGnU~coion should inserted after the word “Torrltory”, and the words t subnquent endorsement by the pcuple throupJl frco universal adult suffrage” should be delotcd. I’umgrilph 8 modified, reads as follows: “I&vs the United Kingdom ot Rcat Urltaln Northern Irctand, as the administcrlng Power, to conv as soon as possible a national constitutlonnl cotrl’erc where genul!ic representatives of the pcoplc of %Iruba a~ a whole would bc able to work out 4 sc1U~n relatlrlg to the future of the Tonitory”. 27. Those are the only modiflcutlons, 4nd I hope thut two draft resolutions will now ,commcnd thcn~sclvGs 10 members of the Council. ‘-‘30. In pursuance ‘of Socurlty G’ouucil : rosohitions 326 (1973) and 327 (1973), Uio Special Mlsslon, composed of the representatives of Indonosln, Austria, Peru and the Su&n, after on4he.spot IuvcsUgatlon and study, have submitted to the Council a %markable report whloh reflects the actual stat0 of affairs. The Chinese delegation approciates the arduoru, efforts made by all the members of the Special MissIon and endorses the assassmesl of the &u&on con’lalcled in the report, 31, The Chinese dolegatlou has studlod the two draft resoluUons which wU1 be put to the vote. Tho Chinese Covernnlent has consistently hold that the United Kingdom should bnmodiatoly put an ond to the colonhlist rule by the Rhodoslen whit0 racist regime so that the people of Zlmbabwo may achieve national independence free from any outside intcrferenco. This is tho universal desire and sacred right of Uie Zimbnbwe people, 32, The Chlnose dalogution conslders that, in UIO main, the two draft resolutions reflect tho legitimute desire of the Africau couutrles aud peoples to defend their national independence, support the just struggle of the Zambian Government and people and assist the Zimbubwe people’s struggle for national llberation, Based on the ubove* mentioned undorshndlng, the Chhlese delegation will vote in favour of the two draft resolutions.

I do not have much to add to my hltroductlon of the roport ou behalf of the Spockd Mission /1692trd tweti~/. My deleg~Uon would like, however, to refer partlculorly to the MIssIon’s assessmerit that a consldorable measure of tension continues to exist in the area. WC are in uo doubt whatsoever that these candiUous cf InstabilIty will conthiue to prcvall unUl the root cuuse of the dlscaae Is cradlcnted. It IS clear ta US that the root cuuse lies In the continued existence of colaniallsm, racism and illegal ntinority r&hues in soulhem Africa, consUtuting a constant threat not only to UN indepondencc and territorial hitegrity of Zambia, but dso to the independence and territorial integrity of other progressive African ~u~Uons as well, If such conditions are allowed to persist, they may sooner or later erupt into armed encourters. 34. I had the opportunity lo visit the &es of cl10 landmlne hicldeuts that had occurred hl ahox areas, causing death and 1nJury to innocoot people. One of those incidents 6ven took plnce only 20 minutes beforo the arrival of the Special Mission at Chilimanga near the Zambian border with Southern I~hodesia, thereby providing tbe members of the h!lrolon with the opportunity to observe personally the bljurizs caused to innoccni women and children. Wloto* gruphs of the vlcthla hvo been circulated; they were taken by a member of the Sccrctariat who accumpanlcd the MIsslou. One women had 10 hrve both legs amputated and a 35. My delogatlon botlevos that it is not yet too late to reverse the trend towards disastrous collision between the peoples of Afrion and the minority racist and colonialist rt?gimes in southern Africa. Thore Is tic Lusaka Manifcstos which can be used for further action. In this connoxlon, preparedness by the Government of the United Kingdom to fulN its moral. leaal and aoliticat rcsuonsfbilitv fowards tho people of Zlnibaibwe ls’called for.‘Tho U&cd KAngdom cannot fail to be aware of the serious doubts entcrtahled, not only by the peoptcs of Africa but also by muy other count&s, with regil;d to its real iutentious couwruiug Its cotonv of Southern Rhodesia. The onlv wnv to dl.,el UIOSC doubts and suspicions is for the Uniiod ~bgdol~ to take concrete actions to end UIC white minority rebclliou in Southern Rhodesia a?u!d establish majorily rule ir that Terpltoty. 36. My det$gation takes particular noto also of the considerable sums required to meat the specific needs of Zambia to maintain alternative systems of road, roll and sea communications. A tremendous olnount of tcchnlcal assistance wUI ako be needed to a& Zambin in haudllng the major ‘&k of rerouting its Imports and exports. 37. ‘;be international community owcf It to tho couragcous people of Zambia to assist them to overcome their economic Cifflcultles resulting from boarhlg tho brunt of the Imposition of sancUons under tho provisions of sevaral Security CouncU resotutlons against the illegal rdgimo III Southern Rhodes&. WC have no doubt that the pcoplc of Zambia, as well as the neighbouring progressive countries, are willing to bear the consequences of the impositlou of sanctions. ‘Il~oy dcservo the profound uppreciutiolr of lhc internationPI community, We al50 feoi, however, thiit the difficult economic situation which Zambin Is IIOW fQdllg is plainly too serious to be d&posed of with mere acknowlcdgomdnt. Zambia needa help and needs it swn. I do ;rot riced to remlnd the Council that, under the pruvislons of its resolutions 253 (I 958) and 277 (1970), the Member Stutcs of the United Nations, lhe spcciatizcd ugcnclcs end other international organizatlone are requested to cxteud asslstanco to Zambia as a matter of urgency. We share the rog~ct -xmelipw permade Member States of tie messily to ‘-~ asswiate U:.emsoIvea willr aU efforts, bUntera! and 111ul1l~ .’ ~’ ~lateral, to stren@hen Zambia’s capr.bUity of coping with the uufavourable effects on Its eemoniy of the imposltt!i of spnc~io~u~ by @.mlg+ agaJnct UI~ U&al Smith tQhuc, 38. Based upon the consideratlona which I have just expressed, my dclegaslen consldorr it an honour to.bin the Qlc~ffons of Gubiea, India, Kenya, the Sudan, Yugoslavia and Born bi sponsorbig the draft rea$~tionr in documents S/l0898 and S/H.l899, which weha so ably Introduced by the repreantatlve of Kenya. My dclegntion Ilopes that tie draft res&tl,ons, as amended, *wUl have the unanbnous support of the members of this CouucU. 39. Sir Laurence MclNTYKt3 (AusMIa): Sir, I should lU@ tlrst of all to welcome you, aa pmviour rpeaker8 have done, to the presidential Chair of ‘UIC Council and to ssy that I look forward to the occasion next week when I shall, as I hope, be ublo to pay II proper tribute to you aa our presiding offlcar in your own country, 40. Let me also express my admiration for the mannor In which your predecessor, AmboDondor Odero~Jowl of Kenya, Uka me a now member of the Cotmcll, emulated the highly efficient performance of his predecessor, BUU another new member, Ambassador Anwar Sani of Indot~eah. 41. Turning to th subject that is before ua, ICI im be@n by commending the Chahman, Ambassador Anwar Sani, and the other members of the Special Mission on the speed with whkh they and thair team of experts have prepared and presented their very helpful uld comprehensive assess. mcnt of tho situation in the border area between Zambia and Southern Rhodesia, and of Zambia’r economk needs arisIng from that situstlon. My dde#ion haa been very CO~UC~OUS Of the pressure of 1i1110 under Whkh the hll&~Ilon has had to work and we can only say that the result does It great credit. Its report, topthcr with the anncxcs, cmtabu a peat deal of important and detailed information which all our Governments will need more Umc to study before they can decide how best to contribute individually or Jointly towards he)plng Zumbia to overcome the, grave diftkulties it face% 42. Aa I said in my earlier statement on 31 January /1689th meerlngl, WQ have goat sympathy Weed for Zambia in thf ,ntorerablc sirurrtlon In which It finda itself. We cat8 fully understand the de&Ion of the ZLwb:an Government not to allow the greater part of 11s export and Import trade to remah uubJcct soy longer to the unpredktable ~hhis of Its hortlla nei&bour, but to develop Plternstivc routes for Itr cxbarnd commerce, My Govern. merit will tRke corefu! note of the assessment of the critical border sltualion made by the Spclal MIsslon in chapter VII of itr report and will certainly share III view that a key to the s&iUon of the problem de& with in resolution 326 (1973) Ike bn the t:rlct implementation of the iimii- 44. Aar P ‘said a’moment ago, the Spoolal Mission’s report and annexes together make up ‘a Iengthy and complicated document which my Govcrnmcnt will need to study wltb great care before all its h~iplic~tlons con be dc.fincd. Thus, as regarda the draft resolution In dooumont S/10898, my dclegntlon finda some dlfflculty ot this stage over Ulc word “&dones” hi operative paragraph 1 and would have preferred the words “Tuke$ Note’! We should also have had some reservations about certain other paragraphs, notabl, operatlve paragraph 6, but these have been removed as a rcn~lt of tho changes lntrodnccd tills morning by the tipmseutatlve of Keg R. 45, Aa regards the draft resolution CI document S/10899, its general thrust is unaxccptionablc and it, too, has been lmprovad this morning, we believe. But, agoin, Its full Implications wUI need to bo carefully consldarod. 46. Having said this, my dclcgntloa finds Itself able to vote in fuvour of both drnft ~cr.olulions. 47, Mrs. Jeanne Murti~i C’ISSB (Guinen) (Irirerpreturiot~ &~vn ktch): At lhls stugc of our dcbato, my delcgetlon would not wish to enter into polemics-as the represent. ative of Spaln put it so wcii carher-becnuse, belnfi co~apoiiuom of draft resolutions S/e0898 and S/10899, we are rather impatient to see thcsc two drnft resolutions aaoptod, since U~ey reiute to the intcrests of n sister country which confrol;ts problems slmllor to those con. fronted by tho Republic of Guinca, .~. 48, With your permission, Mr. President, I want to thank the representutlve of Spain for the very lmportnnt Informa. Uon that ho has conveyed to the CouucU. Indeed, the fact that this rcpresentativo,has provided more InformatIon on a continuous aggression which is .bolng perpetrated against independent African States does not rcqulre any comment 011 our part. 49, 1 have no wish to delay tbo Couricil, but I wanted once again to draw the altention of this nugust assembly to UIO criminal insistence of lmperiailsm in its actlom against the nationals and leaders of the indcpcndent States of Africa, and especially against the leaders of the progrcssivo countries. 50. What the reprcsentrttfive of Spain said was perfeectly clear. Certain Independent States of Afrlclr we t&g particularly victimized because they IIIW made tholr cholco and have refused IO play the role of horse to someone &C’S horseman, as It were, Tho tlmo has come for the African Stales to joln together, us they dld in the Organlzatlon of African Unity, and to confront imperialism; and the opinion of thlr Council has now been enil&toned ugnlns~ uli the manoeuvres and slal?ments of those States which wmt to obollsh both the Hepublic of Guinea amI the Republic of 52, On 9 Jnnuary of this year, the IlioN r&hne of Ian ‘Smith decreed an ccononda blockade against Zambia on the prutext that thut country was serving as a refuge for wresslvo forces. The white minority In Rhode&, through Its Government, thus trlcd to strangle Zambia and so deai a hard blow to UIC anti-coionlnilst forces which are fighthlg for the ilbcratlon of Zimbabwe. 53, Tiic Govcrnmcnt In SaIlsbury did not mo8Buro the consequcnccs of its actlon snd this was Its grave error, It underrated UIC spirit of solldarlty of the African peoples who urc today united together with Zambia. Ail Africn rises to as&l a country which Is deprived of Its most vitni supply routes III order to strengthen the fiat against foreign domination, S4# III the fucc of nggresslon Zambia had recourse to the Security Cound. The reprcsentatlve of Zambia, Ambas. sador Paul Lusaka, formally and firmly complained of the aggrcsslon [5’/ll?865/. The representntlves of Guinea, Kenya and the Sudan requcstcd an urgent meeting of the Council iii order “to consider the cxpioslve dtuution along the Zamblan border which throatens the peace and security of the whole arca” [S/10866/. The representative of Yugoslavia drow attcntlon tl,, the grave situation that had been creatcd(S/10869/. 55. The Council consldcred the questIon. ‘After a very compiotc dabatu, it was dccldcd to send irrmlcdiately to Zambia a spcclai mlsslon medo up of four mombera of the C~uncii to study the situation and report tack to the Councii. At the boglnnlng of February, Ambassador Odero- Jowi of Kenya, as Presldunt of the Councli, appqlnted the members of tiu Misslon: Ambassadors Anwar Sanl of Indonesia, who presided, Voter Jankovritsch of Austria, Javlor PErez dc Cudilar of Peru and Raiunataiia AbduUa of UlC sudm 56, This misslo~~ and a qualified group of advlsors and cxpcrts dld very cffcctlve and responslbie work in the discharge of thclr dutlos, The report submhted to us contains the most minute details of the record of the dlsqulcthlg sltuatlon rind mntics rccoiluncndations which wo should approve. My deicgatbn wlshcs to express Its shicrre grutltudu to the Spcclui Misslou and to aunounce that It will lend full support to the rccommcndatlons contained in the report for the her&t of Zambia, 57. As regards the two draft rcsoiutlons ‘before us, my dciegutluu IIOI only supports Lcm but also wishes to announce that i’auama Is jolnh~g the sponsors of those draft rcsoiullous us proof of my cour~lry’s dcrlrc to &o Its c~~thurlusllc support to the just dembllds of Zambia and Zimbabwe. of friendsiilp as a tribute ta my country, ~which is constanUy tryln~ to reach reasonable arranIpcmentr that wUi .=-I bdng to mankind. the peace and security to which we all &q&c. . . . ,.~,, ‘. .,! ___L- .-_+i. :I- _.. ;...~.-.-.i -- .:--l~.-.LL-‘..LL ” ~- 59. As PRESIDENT, I would say that the Councii must now take a deoislon on whether we should now proceed to the vote on the draft resolutions, with the modifications so briillantiy expialned by Ambassador Odero-Jowl of Keuya, or should wait untAl I.30 p.m. whel! the revised texts of the draft resolutions wlli be avaUabie.

I should ilke to propose that the meetlng be suspended untU 1.30 p,nl,, because there are just one or two p&ta on which I should Uke to make a telephone caU to London. Qi . The PRESIDENT (Interpretation )hn #an&h): The representative of UIC Unltcd Khigdom haa praposcd that the meet@ be suspended luttii I ,30 p.m. An I hear no objectlon, It Is so dccldcd.

I shaJi now caU on thosr! delegations that have expressed the wish to expiuln thclr votes before the vote,

Pirat of all, Mr. Pres- Ident, I wish to conuratuiate you on the ouumption of your functions as President of this Council aud I am particularly pleased to know that I shail have a moat wcicome opporturdty to extend our congratulations and pay a tribute to you and to your country more fully when the Council meets at Pmma City next week. 64. May I also pay a trlbutc to the efflclent, skilful and competent stewardship of Ambassador Odaro-Jowl as the President of the CouncU who guided our work during the month of February? 65. As our debate draws to a close may I, as a member of the Special Mlsslon, express my gratitude to ail those here in the CouncU who have commented favourably on the way ln which the MissIon discharged its mandate and on the report which we had the honour to subml to the Councli? I personally conddered It a prlvllege to serve on this important assignment and to be under the ciralrnianshlp of such a dlstinl(uished and accompilshed diplomatic reprosentallve as Ambassador Anwar San1 of Indonesia. tib. As to the matter which Zambia has brought to the Councli, I had the occuslon to put forward my Governmeat’s vlcw at a prcvlous meeting df the CouncU, on 31 January /168Yth rneetirtgl, It is as a cowequence of this posltior of bymputhy, understunding and support fur the difficult situation In which a smail country finds Itself, rtilr~ my dcie@lou will fully support the two draft resolutluna 67, kxdnly, In vlow ol’ the &g&y of the problem and, consequently, ‘of th! tilatlvely short Ume avai!abla ‘to dclcptlons and to the Council to study our raport U~oroughly, P number of dotnils, copccjally In the economic report and its am~excs rmd the economic draft resolution, wUI aequlrc tLrthcr study, My GovermnOnt, for its part, is ready to glvo Its fnvourable attcntlon to the flndi8g and rccommandations of the report, 68, May I Just say tlut we are plea@ it the economic draft resolution bcfoie us-which seeks to provide the 11icms Zambia will need in Qrdor to assure Itu ecolomic lndcpondcnco and dcveiopmcnt, ,‘and will enable it to reinforce condderhbly UIQ policy of sa~~ctiona adapted by UIC Cou~~cll against tlic r&imc of Southern Rhodesia-also provides most valuable guidelines for organizhrg the vast lntcrnutlonal effort facing us? 69. Tile respunsiblllty placed on the Lcretary.Cencral points to Ulc 111oat valuable services which this Organlzatlon can provide, and undoubtedly Uic report itself contains INIII~ useful clues to the kind of technlcal assista~~cc and services It can offer. May I say that such a United Nations ’ offort will respond greatly to the hmnerrse hopes placed by the peoplu of the At&m countries concerned, and espc& ially the people of Zambia, in the role the Organizntlon can play for them? The Mission was greatly Impressed by this cxprcssion of hope* cspccially by the people of Zambia, in UIC UnIted Nations effort in their fnvour. 70. ~Fimdly let me say that my delegation is gratlflcd to noto that the needs of a small country, n faithful Member of the Unlted Nations, have received speedy and prompt consideration and that the draft resolutlo~~s on which the CouncU wUI now vote provide the necessary fmrnowork for internatIonal r&ion tind a&stance. ‘:“a, 71. Mi. PEREZ DE CUELLAR (Peru) (~n?erprefot&n &in Spmkh): Mr. President, I do not beUsve thas it is necessary to dwell on IIOW pleased I am to see you as our P&dent because of the very cfosc com~cxlon between our count& and the friendship between our delegatlonr. I would also congrtitulate the Ambassador of Kenya, Mr, QderoeJowi, who presided over our deliberations during the month of February with so ~auch dlstlnctlon. 72. The Chulrtnun of the Special Mlsslon has asked mc to cxprass, on behalf of the Misslo~~, our gratitude for the words of appreclution of our wo’rk spoken by many delugi~tlons. The four members of the Mission wlio arc prcscnt this afternoon in UIO Councli regard thb a5 m cxplession of tho fact that we purely and simply did our duty. ‘13. Although 1 was a Incmbcr of the Spcclal hllsrlon, I lnve rcl’ralncd from particlpatlng 111 thu dcbntc because the (::a; dnd sober Iritroductlun of Ute report by the Chaltnl@i 01’ the Special MIssion, Anibruudur Auwvr !&III, had our 75, Mr. MALIK (Unlon of So&t Soclnllst Republics) (tmshttlon &,,I Rurriu~~J: I should liko to say at tho outset that the delegation of UIO USSR will VO!P in favour of the two draft resolutloaa sutm~lttcd by a number of sponsors. In this conncxlon, we should Uko to drnw a:rentlon to the provislon In draft rcsolutlon S/10899/ Rev.1 coricemhg the economic conscquenccs for Zambia of the aggrasslve p&y and acts of the ruclst r6glme in Southorn Rhodcsla. 76. Wo futiy understand the humnnltarlan motives thut guldcd the sponsonc in subtnittlng the draft msolutlon for the consldarutlon of the Sccurlty Council. It is II wall. known fact that t.ho Sovlot Union conslstintly suppurls developing States and actively purtlclpatcs In provldlnp aaolstance and hcfp to them. It co.oporates extensively with a large number of developing countries, l~~cluding Zambia, in the economic, sclentlflc and tcchnologlcul tlcld~ by providing therm with help and assistance for economic und sclentlfic development. ‘Co&peration bctwcc~r the USSK rind Zambia is also developing in aticordanco WIUI the f9G7 agrcemcnt between the USSR and Znmblo on economic and tcchnlcaf cospemtlon, 77. The aforementioned draft rcsolutlon and the report of the Special Ml&on, however, do not dcal witI UIO qucstlo~~ of providing aid and asalstenco to Zembla In dcvelophrg Its economy; they deal with the quostlon of compensating It for fossos incurred us a result of acts of uggrcsslon ur~d the poiky of uggression of thc Iilcgal rnclst r&huc III Southern Rhodesia. Yet evsryone knows who h:lpa that rd&i~o und thereby encourages It to lndulgo Ii1 such uctq of aylrrcsslon agalnrt Zambia and other African States. II Is the I&S: coionlallst rCgimes of South Africa and I’ortuguuJ, rmb also the United Kingdom Itsclf, as the metropolitan country, and ccrtaln other Western countries, as well UY the Pup internwtlonaf nio~~opolias. . 78. The Sovle! delcgatlon has already stated. ,PII~ WC should llke to ytrc5y U~iy once t&n that Uds Is whvt politIcal and moral rosponsibflity for the acts of aggression commlttod by the Southorn Wodtiolan rdglme against ~Zmbln which cause material and economic damage, and the who10 ~politlcal and moral responsibility for other antl4frican acts, should be placed squarely on those who A We w taken by siww of hat& nro rosponslblo for tho omcrgonco, su~vlval and contInulng oxistciicc of the rOnbile In SOUthOr Rhodosi# For it la 111 bso forces that G.0 continuing to support the illegal tt:l:iuio and to Boll) it to su~vlve, and are maintaining contacts and dovoloping broad cconomio, trade and other ruletlons with it, It would be logical and Just for the Soculity Council to adopt a resolution contabling a provlslon to tlro offoct thnt compoiisatloii for Uio losses Incurred 111 Zambia should bo provided by all those States und ~r~opollos. That approach ts fully justinod In the case of lb0 l~~ollolIol;irs, too, SlllNl it Is UIC lllollopolics which IIUVC dcrivod und uro still deriving vast proftts from the cxploltatlon of the nntural rosourccs in Southern Rhodesia, HO, In co~i~ioxio~i with Uio provlsion in the aforc. montionod draft rcsolutlon opprovlng the assessment and concluslo~~s contained in the report of the Spcclul MIssion, we sholald liko to mako UIO following statement. Tho Churtcr of the Unitod Nations, as we all know, contains no provlslon for Uic Council to carry out such activities as usscssing cconomlc needs or the cco~~omic losses Inflicted on any particular State, OVOII if such losses result from the iolplomolltatloll of a Security Council dccislon on sancttons. TIIC lnvolvomcnt of the Council in such problems would incvltably divert Its attention from the pollticai tasks ontrustcd to it under the Chartcr, and from fulfilling its muin function In rosolvlng the mattors under its consider. atlon, nnmcly, to ropulso aggression snd UIC aggressor, to take measures to restore peace and onsure, security for (ho vlcthns of the aggression and, h this case, to take cffcctivc steps towards olimlnatlng tho racist r&lme in Southcm I~hodcsln”i~~ viow of UIC official stcltcmcnt by tho Unlted Kingdom thnt It is u~~wllli~lg to do this Itself lo implo. mcntatloo of the Council doclslons, g!,’ Thoro are, as WC all know, special organs for the consldcrution of cco~lomic probioms in the United Nations systcni. It is purtlcuturly Important to bear this in mind at the proscnt time when economic problems and prpbicms rclatlng to dcvclopmcnt take up so much space and ultcutlon In the work of the Unlted Nations. According to the calculations of the former Secratary-General, U ?&ant, United Nations activitlos III the economic field constituted ayproxlmatcly 80 per cent of its total activltles, althuugh, 01’ C~NW, tbo IMcd Nations was established as R polltical orgoulzatloii witii the principal ol~jcctlvc of muintuinlng Intornatioual pcilcc und security. 8?. lhsc ore our comments on the substunco of druft rl4utloll S/I OWY/Rcv.l , SIIILC this draft msolutluri, uud , ; ,.), ,~1 ,‘:.,, , ,_-.: ,:- . .,- -- 84, I dew put ‘to the vota Ule draftL resolution sponSored by Gulnoa, Ma, lndoncsla, Kenya, Panama, K’cru, $10 Sudan and Yugoslavia ia document S/10898/Rev,I. Bt fivov: Australia, Au&la, China, France, Guinea, India, lndoncsla, Kenya, Panama, Perip, the Sudan, Union of SWot Socialist Republics, Yugoslavia. Agabut: None, Abstabting: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northorn Iroland, United States of America. Se dmfr resolut!otr ws adopted by 13 votes to twtre, with 2 absmtlons) 95. The PRESIIIBNT (buerpretatlort fmn Spa&h): I now put to the voto the rev&d draft resolution sponsored by ‘Guinea, Indla, Indonesia, Kenya, Panama, Peru, the Su,dan and Y ugoslvaia in document S/ I0899/Rev. I, h vote was takar by rlww of ha& The drafit resolutiola wan&opted umtrhwusly,~ 86. Tho ~RESIDBNT (buerpretatlotr firn Stm&h): I shall now call upon representatives wishing to speak in explanation of their votes. 87. Mr: PHlLLlPS (United Suites of America): Permit me first to cssoclatc my delegation with the words of apprccia- Uon which have beon expresred by many other delegations on I the report proparcd by the Spcclal Mission under UIC dlstin~uishcd badcrshlo of Ambassador Anwar Sard. This is au iniportant documoiit which contahls much useful IIIformation and, as such, it deserves our cnreful consldcratlon. Members of the Mission and of the Secretariat aro to bc csmmendod for thls report, especially contidering the short tlmo they bud to prepare it, BL(. In its political section, the report notes tho existence of tenrion in the region. This we were well awore of before da Mission was dispatchad, but it t-jkes on grcntor reality as (he result of the discussions held by the Mission with oMcials of the Zamblan Government and ot!!er Intorested parties. R9. The economic scztlon of tho report is comprchcnsivo und detatlcd in its analysis of the probkmis facing Zambiu. It provides an cxtcnsive asscssmcnt of the sltuatlon ..nd of 3 rke rawlultun 328 (1973). 4 SW nsoluuoll329 (1973), IQ tills Couucll, ” 91, Although wo understnud the uccd for onrly consider. ation of thls matter, WC do bc~~ovo that n iiii~Umim~ thllo Is rcqulrod to pcrmlt GQvoriiiucuts to study such n con~plox mport, It contnlun, yn I hnvo enid, much mate&d which enn as&t Goverumonts hi studylug UIC cconomlo problems now faced by Zambia, but it la unrealistic to expect most Covenmlonts to bo able to dl,tcriiUue tholr spcclflo V~IWS on such short llotlce. !E. I wish brlofly to oxphdu the votes of my delegation or! tho two drnft rcsolueions which hove just been adopted. In VQthlg In favour of the revised draft rosolutlon hi document S/ 1 Og9Y/Rov,I , we dld so wlU1 certain serious rosorvatlous, aud I should bo loss thnu cnudld wore I uot to placa thorn on record. First, ns I hnvo nhcady pohltcd out, WC do not bcliovo thnt tho Sccurlty Council has had a rcasoaablc Qpportunlty to study and dlgcst the vohmtitsous ii~atcrlal proseutcd to us by the team of cxperts. Certainly my Covcrumcut has not, Wo Uicrcfore do uot believe it was nppropdnto, iu the third prcambulnr paragraph, to suggest thnt the Council hnd truly cvnaldored tho report of the Special MIssion. WC hnd hoped thnt the sponsors might have unieudcd this sentqnco to reflect more nccuratcly the actual situation, unmcly, thnt the Council had recoivod the report of UlO Speciul MIssloll. 93. In view of t110 luadcqunto tlmo my Government has hod to stual the extonsivo lu~pllcutlons of this report, we arc of course IIO~ 111 n posltlon to undortnko auy commitments mgnrdklg the oxtcr~slon of nsslstnnco It calls for. 94. With roapcct to pnrngrnplis 4 aud 5, we am seriously concoriicd about tho posslblo hnplicntioiis of this language for tl~o role and actlvitlcs of tho spcchdizod agenc!es. WO do not intcrprot thcsc paragraphs as implying a demand by the Security CouiicU Uiut the spcclal~~od agencies mtdortnke IIOW commitments for projects turd progrninmes without regard to the ouyoing cQnunltmonts of these Qrganizatlons or the resources avnilablo !Q them, Any other intar. protntJQu, WC feel, could establish scrlous proccdcnts for the long+arm activities of the agcncios, nnich to tho’detrhilcut Qf IllilUy bCllCl’iCiai~ (;OVerlllllClltS. ’ 05. We tried ui~rucccssfully to polsuadc tho sponsors to ncccyt cortnin umcmhn~utu which, III our judgciaent, would havo clariflcd the sltuatlo~~. l’hls could have been UCcompllslled, WC bnliovo, by striklug out pnrugraph 4 and rcylaclug the text of paragraph 5 by the folIowIng: “ReyueHs Uio Secrcluly-Geucral to lnltlate close contacts with the Gove~umeut of Zumbia and nppropriate United Nations bodlcs conceh-acd III order to fucllltate the IO -, ,I~ , 96, With regard to the draft resolutlorl hl docmncut 9/10898/Rov.l, the memboro of the CouucIl will racall that my delegation abstahied hi the vote ou rosolutlon X26(1973), because we felt that Uic rcsolutiou was not Ukoly tu achieve UIO de&ad rcsuits rmd could have the effect of hicraashig confroutatkm, We fiiid, uilfortunately, the sanla to bc true of the draft rCsOhitlOi1 in qUCStlQl1; It contahls cortnhl elements whld the U&cd Stntos has been uuabla to accept ia the past, partlculorly the ldoa that UJO scope of .sa~~tlo~~s against Southem Rhodeslo might be e&tended, an dhtlnct from strengthouhlg cxisthg mctloiva, 97. But we do agreec with the asshsn~nt by rho Spoolal MIssion, that the sltuatlou hi southcru Africa, and partlcularly in Southoril Rhodcsla, is in lnlgc pnrt n result of the denial of the right of solf~dctermh~ntlQr1 to the majority of the African ~Qp~Q, 98. Mr. LBCOMW (Fruuce) (ittterprefatimr JW~I Fremh]: We voted ill favour of the political draft rcsolutlou because we can lrr goneral subscribe to the conclusloiis of the Slpechd Mission as they uppcnr hi the report. Wc were also able to vote In favour of It because of the anieudnicnt mado In paragraph 6, wl~lch imgiles no obligntiou oil. our part ns far a3 thC Work of thC &m!ffOil~ CQ~llilllttCC iii conconred. Wo obsrve that the text of the resolution refers IQ a resolution foa which tho Frouch delegutiou did not vute nt the time; it goes without saying that our voto of today dots not iniply any chnngo in our attitude In regard to that resolution, 97. As far as the economic draft resohtiQn is concerned, we also vated In favour of it as P result of the chauges which wero introduced, Tho Prcuch delegation simply wishes to mako It clear that wo hltorprct the words “Takes ,lore” in their exact seusc aud 011 the bash of the statomcnts we made yustorday In the general dcbnte [1693rd methg~, We mcntloued that the short tlmc allowed for conslderatlon of the report of the Special Wcn did not enabla us to take a posltlon hnmcdlatcly, In so saying, I wish to omphaslzc thnt, 111 our statemeut ycstorday, we also uunouuced that a study of the coucludous of the report would be undcrtnkcn by the Frcuch authoritlos In the besl spirit of uridcrstuudlng. 100. Sir Colh~ CROWE (Uiilted Klugdoni): My delegatlou voted In favour of Uic druft refiolutiou hi d(h:umerit S/ 9 OfKW/Rcv. 1 bccausc, as I sold ycstordny / IlriJ. / ) WC havo the grcntast sympathy for Zambia In ttic ecouoinlc dlfficultles which It faces aud, of CQ~CFC, It hod uvery rlght under Article 50 of tho Chnrter to brhrg the ma(tcr to the CouacU. Wo welcomed the cstublishnicnt of the Spcclul h4i6rd~11, wo applnud the way 111 WI~CII Et II~Y aecQii@hdicd Its task and we support tho gcneml sense of the resolution 102, ‘In tho vlcw of my dclcgatlon, the draft resolution in documcat S/10898/Rcv.l, howcvcr, which has Just bm adopted, is lo a different category, In that it addresses itself to the long-term politIcal problem of Southern Rhodesia, as opposed to the events of January and their aftermath, Whothcr wch a rcsolutlon is necessary or dcsirabla is, in the view of my dclcgatlon, very doubtful; and, in any case, this rcwlutlai~ does not tackle tho need to reduce tension and promote a settlement In Southern Rhodesia ia th0 saillo constructive and realistic manner as the cconomk resolution tackles the economic problom facing Zambia. 103, My delegation is thercforc very doubtful whether this rcsolutlon is likely to produce posltivc results. However, we respect the position of the cponsors, who tako a different view, and 1 rooiprocatc the rcmarks of the rcprescntativc of Kenya about the friendly spirit In which our cousultations were conductod. My delegation Is grateful to the sponsors for agreeing to make changas hi the draft in zcrtain passages whti gave us particular difficulty. At the same time, the resolulion still contains paragraphs addressed to my Government whleh call upon us to take action of various Wads which, as 1 have previously explained, it is unrealistic to suppse we could pcrfonn. In these clrcumstanccs, I believe it will be rcadlly understood that my delegation could not support this text nor regard itself as committed by it. 104, Mr. ODERO-IOWI (Kenya): My delegation voted for the draft resoh~ttan in document S/10898/Rcv.l because it is our de&c to contribute to a peaceful settlement of the situation In southern Africa. As I lndlcatcd wlcn introduclng the two draft resolutions, we should like 40 ensure that South African intervention in the affairs of Southern Rhodesia Is brought to an end; we should like to Bnsuro that the people of Zlmbabwc arc accorded their full right to self-determination; and, lastly, we should Ukc to oee an end to threats of sggrcssion against the Kepublic of Zambia, We voted for this draft resolution III solidarity with the Republic of Zambia and its people and L accordance with tho wishes and asptrations of the AMcan people. 105. We votod for the draft resolution contained In document S/l0899/Rev.l for the following reasons. As I said before, we should like to see an ond to this economk aggmssion against the Rcpubllc of Zambia. We should lika to help Zombla regain its txxmtnlc posture. Above all, we voted for this draft rcsolutlon beceuso it supports the sphit and purposes of tho Churtor of tho United Nations. OII Zambia. It has dlsloeatcd tha economy of Zambia and it h% heightened political and maitaly tonsion between the two countries. It Is UIC view of my dclegntlon thnt tho Security Council has a yorfect ri@t to pronounce itself and take a dcclsion on P matter like this 111 nccordancc with the Chartor. 107. Doubt has been cxprosscd also rcgardlng paragraph 4 of the resolution, and it has beon implled that the Security Council has no right to request spectalizcd agonclcs to rcepond in matters such as tho one wo are dlscussing. My dclcgatlon is of the view that that interpretation of the relationship between speclallzod ngcnclcs and the Council is wrong. In the agrcoments reached between the Economk and Sac&l Council and varlour spccialized agencies, it is very clearly stated that these agencies cm rospond to dlrcctivcs or requests by t11c Eco~~omic and Social Council, Par e~amplc, UIO agreomcnt between tho United Nations and the Univcrsai Postal Union states in article VI: “The Lhion agrcos to co-opcrato with and to givo a&stance to the Unifcd Nations, its principal and subsidiary orgarrs, so far as is consistent witI? the provlsions of tho Universal Postal Convention”, The agrecmont bctwecn the Unitod Nations and tho International Telecommunication Uniou States in art]- CleVI: “The U~lion agrees to co-operntc with and to tender all possible assistance to the United Nations, its principal und subsidiary organs, III accordance with the United Nations Charter and Ulc lntornationnl Telecommunic~tlon Con. vention, taking fully into account the particular position of the lndivldual members of the Union who are not Membeg of the United Nntions.” 108, I do not wish to burden the Council with quotations, but S think it must be made clear that the Security Council has a constituti~nai right to tail upon these spcr.Ialized agencies to perfotm certain functions allotted to thorn by the Security Cou~~cil. I should like to quote only two more agreements. Tho first Is tho agrccmem between the United Nations and tho tnternatlonal Bank for Rcconstructlon and Development, which slates In article VI: “The Bank takes note of the obligation assumed, under paragraph 2 of Artlclc 48 of the United Natluns Charter, by such of its members as nro also Members of tho United Natlons, to carry out the decisions of the Security Council through their action in tho appropriate spcclut- ,’ “Tile, World Haalth Organization agrees tb co-operate with the Council in fumishlng such information and rcnderhlg such assistance for the mahitonanco or restore tion of lntornational peace Qnd security as the Security Council may request.” 109. Theroforo I repeat that UIO doubt being cad on the action of the Councii at this timo has hu foundation in the constitution nf the United NaUons. 110. Tho PRESIDENT (inrerpuet&lofr fi’otrr Spln&j: The representative of Zambia has asked to be allowed to Irake a brief statement and I now crnll upon him. I 11. Mr. LUSAKA (Zambia): It was with a senp of distress and serious concom that my delegntion listoned to tho statements of the United Kingdom reprosontativo both yesterday and today. As I poiated out in my statement to tho Council on 8 March /1692rd nreer/rrg/, the United Kingdom appears to pursue a po!ioy deliberately calvulatod to hoodwink and confuse the intornatlonai communily as regards London’s real intentions towards Southern Rho. dcsia. Ono seas a catalogue of contradictions in British poUoy with regard to Southern Rhodesia. On the one hand, the British Government continues to claim responsibility for Southern Rhodesia. On tho other, It is labouring to persuade the international community to accept London’s professed hnpotence to hlfluence any positive change in Southern Rhodesis. At th!s point 1 wish to aSk this question. Why does the Unitod Kingdom Governmont oontinuo to claim responsibility for Southern Rhodosial The logical answer, I Eubmit, Is that Britain is deliberately bent on hlhibiting posltivo and effective action TV tho lntornatlonai community against the Uieg5ti r&n0 in Southorn Rhodesia in the interest of the status guo. Indeed, if this were not so and if Britain were pnuinely interested ‘in a progressive change, the United Kingdom Government would have long renounced its claim of responsibility ovor Rhodesla,~and would therefore have handed it over alto. gothor to the United NaUons, In that way th.3 British Government would not find itself in two w&s-it would not have its cake and eat it at tho same time. I 12. Tho refusal of the United Kingdom Govornmcnt to take effeotive measures, which my dplsgation is convinced London would do only if it had the wU1 to quell tho rubelllon in So?lthcrn Rhodesia, confirms the intores! of the Uuitcd Klugdom in the status quo. The presence of South African armed and military forces in Southern Rhodesia :~nd the liosy foreign h.veetnants hi tho rel,el colony ccrtulniy cannot be &&bed aa being conducive to the solurion of the problem. These are reditlas thut tha United Kingdom has tolerated in order to perpetuute the atutus I/~v. If South Africtin troops were removed from Southern f<hodcsla and if the Uni!ed Kingdom emured, as it can, that 114. I should now Iiko, on bchnlf of my dclogntlon, to thank those delegations that havo glvon thclr uncquivocnl support tQ fho case of Zamblo, und indeed to tho CPUSO of Justice in southern Africn, Wo thank tho 13 dologatlons fur their posltivo votes on the political draft resolution. 115. May I end my brlof co~wno~~ts in this dobuto by stressing my dolegatIon deop apprccintlon to tho olght sponsors of the two draft resolutions7 That is a plousant record, where more than half the Security Council mcmbcrs were co~sponsors. Thoy and those that votod offirmativoly on both draft resolutions hnvc clearly idontiflod thomsoivcs with thecause of peace and ]ustico in southern Africu. We look forward to tho urgent implementation of today’s &&Ions of the Council,

Aftor listening carefully to the concludhlg statement mado by UIO roprcsontutivo 01 Zambia, the delegation of the USSR Is CVOII more convinced of the correctness of its position that it is osscntial to seek redress for tho consequences of t?conomlc lassos lnfllcted on the victims’of aggression by an aggressor from the aggressor and from those who helm and co.oporate with Mm. I should like to place particular stress on this, for in the future it seam that we will bo returning, in tho Security Cou11ci1, to consideration of the question of Zambia rnd will also bc considering acts of aggression commlttod in other ph~ccs and in other regions. With all due respect to the provisions of the Charter of the Unitod Nations and tho agreomcnts concluded between the United Nations and the spcclalizod agonclos, the Security CouncU has even more right and authoidty to place the politlcoi end morul rcsponslbility I’IH the consequcncos of oggrcsslon w the aggressor ml OII ihow who cosperato with him and help him. 117. I am deeply convinced that, if the druft rcsolutio~~ the Council iw adopted today on the ccononlic conseqrlencas for Zambln of the alrosslou by the Southern Rhodesian racists had included a provlslon on the matcrlni respondbUity of tho real, tho actual rr8grossora i’or tlt(! consequences of the aggre&on, the rcsolutiou would iwe err&d far mote weight and would havs bctm far more vnluabio; it would be good if in fuiurc spo~~sors ol’ shih draft reaolutlons would bear this in mind. .tiOW To ORTAIN UNWED NATIONS PURLXCATXONS Unitad PlatLona publlutkm mmy be obbhmd from bmkrtorea l nd dirtributom th~bout the wotld. &xuu!t your booWore or writa b: United Natioua, tialer S&Jon, New York or Gewm. .~ COMMENT SE PROCURER X&S RtJlUJCATlONS DES NATXONS UNIES Z.a pubhrtha dw Nationa Wniu #ant tin venb dana lsr librritic9 et lea PKeWU ddpaltalrea du mondo sntka, Infotnw-vow aup& de vo(ru, Ilbralra au adrewsvow A : Ndiotu U&m, Section dw v&‘(Y, New York au Cenhe. Lltho In Utdtod Nmttar, Now York Frkr~ SU.8, 1.00 (or rqulvllrnt In othw cumnckl) -“- - 73.82081-Dacrtnbrr IY’S-I,925