S/PV.1730 Security Council

In accordance with the decision adopted at the 1729th meeting of the Security Council, the Committee on the Admission of New Members has held its meeting and has submitted to the Council a report [S/10957] together with the summary record of the meeting [S/C.2/SR.42], in which the views of till members of the Committee are sst forth, Provisional agenda (S/Agenda/I730) 1. Adoption of Ithe agenda. 2. Admission of new Menmers: Application ,of the German Democratic Republic for admbion to, ,membership in ,the United Nations : Letter dated 12 June 1973 from the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the German Democratic Republic to the Semetaq-Genleral (S/10945) ; Appli,cation of the Federal Republic uf Germany for admission to membership in the United Nations : Letter dated 13 June 1973 .from ‘the Minister for Foreign ARains of the Federal Republic of Germany to the Secretary-General (S/10949); Report of the Committee on the Admission of New Memblers concerning the applicaltiom of the German Democratic Republic a,nd the applicatioa of the Federal Republic of Germany folr admission to membemhip in the United Natioos (S/10957). 2. I should like to congratulate the Com,mittee on its decision to reco,mmend that the German Demoaatic Repubhc and the Federal Republic of Germany be a’dmitted to membership in the United Nations. In a,ccoFdance with the agreement we reached and if there are no objections by members d the Council, the Security Council wi;ll first take a decision on the substaace of these appli,ca,tions for admission to membership in the United Nations, and then members of the Council will make their rstatements. (b) 3. In this connexion I should like to remind the Council that it was agreed after coasuiltations among m’embers that the Council woulld take a decisiom on this question by consensus, i.e., without voting. cc> 4. Sin,ce there are no objections, I .take it we are agreed on this procedure. 5. Now I want to draw ‘the attention of members of the Security Council to paragraph 3 of the Teport of the Commit.tee ,011 the Admission of New Members, whi’ch contains a ,dsaft resolution whi,ch the Committee ‘recommends the Council to adopt. I shall read out the text. Adoption of the agenda The agenda was adopted. Admission of new Members : Application of the German Democratic Reptabhe for admission to membership in the United Nations : Letter dated 12 June I973 from the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the German Democratic Repnblio to the §ecretaq&eneral (WB0946) ; Application of the Federal Republic of Germ many for admission to membership in the United Nations : Letter dated 13 June I973 from the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Federal Republic of Germany to the Secretary-Genera1 (S/10949) ; “The Security Council, “Having considered sepmttely the app&zation of the German Democratic Republic [S/10945] and ithe application of .the Federal Republi’c of Germany [S/10949] far admission to membership in the United Natioas, “1. Recommends to the General Assembly that the German Democratic Republic be admitted to membership in the United Nations; “2. RecoInamends ,t,o the General Assembly that the Federal Republic of Germany be admitted to membership in the United Nations.” 7. Since there are no objeotions from members of the Council, I sh%$l take it that the Co’uncil decides to recommend to the Genera!l A)ssembly that the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic df Germany be admit&d to member&ip in the United Nations. It was so decided. 8. By reco,mmending that these ,two States be admitted to membership in the United Nations, ;the Council is mal&ng another sub,stantid contribation 60 the ‘cause of ensu&ng international ,peace anld seGu.rity and-some- .thhipg which is also most important-% the cause of implementing and coinsolidating the pninciple of the universality of (the United Nation’s, which is Btipdated in the Charter. .9. Permit me, on behalf of the Security CouncJl and all its memberq to congratulate tile future new Members of our Organization-the German Democratic Republic and .tie Federal Republic of Genmany-and to say that I am Isure Ithat the General Assembly will in turn adopt a decision on the admission of these two States to m’embership in the Unitted Nations in accordance with the Security Council recolmmendations and that it will comply in this ma%ter with the provisions ‘of Article 4, paragraph 2, of the Charter. 10. By adopting such a decision the United Nations will contribut’e to the strengthening of intemationa1 co-operation, the conlsolidati’on of peace and security in Europe and throughout our planet and the fur,ther development of relabionls of friendship, co-operation and mutual undemranding among States and peoples on the basis of universal recognition of the principle of peaceful ooexistence. 11. Now ,the Council w,il hear the statements of those membas who may wish to speak on (this agada item.

I;n recommendi8ng to the General Assembly that it should receive the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic into the family of the United Nations, the Counlcil has unanilm~oasly aIdopted a deoisioln #the historic nature of which is clear to everyone, an#d probably no one will be sutpx;ised to hear me ldesmibe thi’s as a historic decisioa. The representative ‘of France <must naturally congratulate’ himself on seeing thait olur Organization is co’miag closer to i& ideal of universality. The representative of France is obviously gra!tifiad at the thought that the United Nations will ‘soon have in its #midst two new Memblers with a wealth of labour and industry. First and foremost, however, the representative of France continues to be strtmk by the importance of the subj.& put before ‘us folr our consideration. 13. The geographical area which is henceforth to be represented in our midst is not just any geographical 14. You will I am sure allow me to expatiate on a ?heme which is so &&y linked ~to the history of my country and to say tist of all that France believes it has played a role in the remarkable mevo$ution which has occurred over the past 25 years. The governments that have decided on France’s policy towards Germany have all been bent on replacing ,enmity by leconciliation, mistruslt by trust, and rivalry by un~derstanding. How could one fail to mention helre the names of Robert Schuman and o,f Konrad Adenauer, and naturally we should al#so mention the lofty figure of General de Gaulle. This man went furthest in the direction, ‘or rather in the revolution, whilch profoundly tra,neformed the nature of Franco-German relat~ioss. It is sufficient here if I mention the treaty of friendship that France and the Federal Republic of Germany condumded in ‘1963, by viintue of which Mr. Ge0rge.s Pom@dou, the Pre&dent of the French Republic, finds himself this very ‘day at Bonn. The co-operation which links our two countries can be viewed ,only with favour by the rest of athe world, and this is all the more &rue since it is nlo,t confined to the political problems of the mofment but, by redoubling the ties. between French and German youth, it is helpi,ng to found the future. 15. Lastly, I should tike to recall Ithat together France and the Federal Republic, in concert with seven other countltries, have ,embarksd upon a task of great slcope. The nine covntries ,members of the Common Market wanted to inject new meaning into their concept of Europe. They decided to break witi the notion of empire which was inherited from our most remote past, and (evelryone knows how much this idea has dominated the fate of our coatinennt. They wanted once and for all to repudiate a mlirage jof their history and to replace it by the only idea consis,tent with the conditions of existence in modern Europe, namely, material integration on such a broad scale that it becomes irreve&bla and a poltilcal agreement based on the petrma,nent hmmonization lof national interests, I shall not dwell on the merits, or terms of example, of such an enterprise in a world which, in its turn, shoul1.d also give up all temptation ‘towards empkebaading. I would merely emphasize 2lhat the Germs nation, which was the last victim of the mirage that I have been discus’sing, finds in its past a we&h of evidence of a humanitarian traditiloq, and we are glad that Europe already, anld the Unnted Nations very shortly, can benefit from that tradition. 16. Accolulingly, both at #the tikttwal level as wsll as in lc&eotive tenms we have done what was within our power to kran&rm ‘the politic,al conditions of the 17. The situation which we have reached in lthe cour’se of a generation has ,deveJoped 8oonsiderably since %he four Poweir,s ,$ook control of Hitlerite Germany. 21. Mm. CISSE (Guinea) (interpret&m from French) : In adopting this mor&g by consensus the repofit of the Committee on Admission of New Members, recommending to the General Assembly the admission of the German Demo,cratic Repubfic, the Counlcil has just perPol;med an sot of justice which has long been aw&ted. That histo~ric decision, we are convinlced, wiKi maTk a new stage in the process of international dttente which has been under way for some years now. ‘EVe@Iing couns& us today to dive our support to ?be memb’ership appl.ications which have been submitted to ‘us. That at&&e is i,n acaordance with the Quadripartite Declaration of 9 November 1972, whi’ch was tralnslmitted to the Governme&s of the two candidate States and &so to the Secretary-General of our Organization land which was &-c&&d by the latter to all .Member States [S/I0952-S/.Z0955]. In ithat text the four Powers have etated ithat they would support the applications fo,r mmb8e&ip of the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic as Members of the U&ed Nations, an’d have affirmed that .that membership wouuld i,n no way affect the rights and responsibilities of the four Powers ‘or the ~o~~espondhg quadtnipaptite agreements, decisions and practices related ‘thereto. 22. My #delegation has always deplored, and continues .to deplore, the fact that certain Powers, including the German Democratic Republic, Viet-Nam and Korea, have been kept ‘outside the international Organization, even thou.gh they meet, mme than some other powers, al1 the conditions Iaid down by the Charter. Many concrote examples which I shall refrain from mentioning here, are alI factual evidence which prove convincin$y that th’e peoples of ‘those countries aspire only PO peace and stability in the world. -18. I have mentioned the efforts at reasoned trust which have prevailed !ti the re,conciliatilon b’etween France and the Federal Republic of Gemany and which now govelfns their $iendship. I should like once again to emphasize the wisdom which has guided the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Dem- ‘ocratic Republic on the relationships they have buZt between themselves. That wisdom has helped greatly in making possible the resolution (that we have just adopted. If the great difficulties that were encountered could be overcome, the merit for that devolves in the first place upon the GeEman negotiators themselves, Chancellor Brand,t and his Ministers on the one hand, and the leaders of the German Dem!ocrat&c Republjc on the other. Last Wednesday their efforts led to the result which had bseen sought f,or so Jong: the two Govem,ments concerned have proceeded to an ,exchange of notes which brings into operation ithe fundamental Treaty,1 which is the basis of the relations that they have ,decideld to ‘establish b’etween themselves. 23. The German Democratic Republic, whose admission we have just recommended to the General Assembly, has be,en, ever since its creation and the con&mation of its existence as an independent and savcrelgn State, a cou&ry which aspires only to peace not only with its neighbours but aho with 811 countries which share ,the salme feeling. 24. We take pleasure in stressing that that sentiment has subsequently characterized its attitude in its relations abroad. That is why it, too, has entered innto direct co-operation in all fidlds-porliticd, CCO~O~~C, oultural-with the young independent States of Africa, including my own country, the Republic of Guinea. And if today the German Demoorati’c Republic enjoys the a.dmirabion of more &an 80 countries, with which it maiSntains diplomatic relations? it is indeed because of its policy of peace, solidarity and co-opecration, based on the equa&y of States and respect for their sovereignty. 19. I should also like to express a word of ,satisfaction about the Treaty of 12 August 1970 and those lthat were coauluded or iXnitiaHed b&ween the Federal Repub- Jic of Germany on the .oae hand and Poland and Czechoslovakia on the other. Those agreements und’eniably have facilitated the relaxation of tension not only in Central Europe but ,also throughout our continent. As evldenoe of that, I need only point to the 25. My delegation also tsakes pleasure in noting with satisfaction that the Democra&tic Republic of Germany, already a member of several speoialized agencies of the United Nations, has always honourably acquitted itself of all its tasks in those agencies. Its total, anreserved assistance to the Yiberation movements cornman’& the respect and admirat<on of the Africa-n States and peoples. It is in consideration of the facts I have m’engoned, and because of our mown VditiOn We have <chosen to be brief, that my delegation announces its full sappoGt for the ‘application for admission of the D@mocrati,c Republic of Germany. success of the pr&minary discussions on the European Conserence on Security and Co-operation. 20. France, which has the fe&ng that it has constantly coat8ribute8d to the work of which it is flow noting the first positive a-es&s at the European Bevel, is naturally pdeasad to see the Federal Republic of Germany and the &rman Democratic Republic alis0 make thex entry si,multaneojl,&y onto the world scene. Perhaps other 26. Unfortunately, my Idelegatlion is not in a Position to make a similar annouacement with regard to the Federal Republic of Germany. We should therefore like to qxess the strongest reservatiom Concern@3 1 Treaty 0~ the Basis of Relations betwen the Federal RFpublit 0% Germany and the German Democratic Repubhc, slgned at Berlin on 21 December 1972. 28. For maany years the energies of my people were diivcrted from their product& activities, which did consilderable da*mage to our development. In that stupid act of aggression, in an attempt to bring ab,oat colonial reconquest, my people lost many of its sons. 29. The people of Guinea is a peaceful people which does not harbour grudges and which has faith, always faith, in the future, However, there is something else it cannot forget. It is the reality of tthe coali,tion between South Africa, Portugal, Rho,desia and the Federal Republic of Gemrany, which results in the intesnati~onal community witnessing in ailmost total impotence the strengthening of the iavest~ments ,0-f the Federal Republic of Germany in Namibia, paralysing the action of the United Nations for a peaceful settlement in order to restore to the people of Namibia iits right to selfdetermination. We are helpless witnesses to the development of military co-operation betwe,en lthe Federal Republilc of Germany and the abovementioned coantries, co-operation the consequences of whi,ch are having a dangerous effect upoa the struggle of our vahant freedom-fightem in Guinea (Bissau) ,an!d Mozambique, destroying innocent human lives land rsociaa structures in the liberated areas. 30. I repeat #that my country is a peace-loving State which aspires to respect for the principles laid down

My delegation welcomes the applications of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Ganan Demo,oratic Republic fm entry into the United Nations. We have therefore joined in the #adop.tion by consens8us of the resolution hefore the Council. 32. The phrase “a historic occasion” is overworked, but Its use today is more than justified. The Sect&y Council has adopted without dissent a resolution recommending the admission of rtwo States whi’ch were for long regarded as bjeing mutually ho&e and as members of mutually hostile military camps. Some members of the Council have had long-standing and close ties with the Federal Republic ,of Germany. Others have had equally long-standing links with the German Democratic Republic. But today the applications of both for membership of ,the United Nations have rmeived the endorsement of this Council. 33. In the case of my own countiy, fmor example, we have for long had )the closest of ties with the Federal Republic of Germany. We are fellow members of the European Economic Community and allies in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Our two countries are united in the importance we attach to these partnerships, which are the colrnerslones of ,olur ,seourity and our prosperity. I am sure that the United Nations will provide yet one more field in which we shall co-operate to out mutual beneEt, ,and we warmly welcome the application with which we have just dmealt. There can be no doubt that the Fed~era.1 Republic cof Germany will make impormnt contributions across the whole range of this Organization’s activities. 34. Thanks to recent developments we have also been able to offer a sincere welcome to the application of the German Demooradc Republic. As is lcno.wn, my Government established ldiplomabic relations with the German Democratic Republic earlier thils year and henceforth we look forward to increasing contacts here in the United Natioas and to increasi,ng btiateral exchanges in every field. 35. Thus it is that I lthink that our wdcome today to these two European States must go f’urther than the customary pdsatitudes, the polite remarks about the applicant States, the ,referensces to universality and so on, which are usual on these occasions, F,or although the Council’s action today foreshadows the accession of two States at the very heart of Europe whose populations together amount t.0 77 mniUion people, it also symbolizcIs something of the greatest conc.ern to all of us who have the peace of the wodd at heart. Not so many years ago only the most istaunchly optimistic, cqui,pped with the moist rose-tiatod of spectacles, would have foreseen the progress which we have witnessed recently towards a relaxation ‘of tension and elimination of the sotnces of conflict in Europe, Who at that time could have predicted with ,any ~conf-ldence that this Coun~cil would be able to adopt today’s draft resolution 36. This process of negotiation which included the “%otiation in 1970 of the treaties) between the Federal RWubIie of Germany and the Soviet Union and Poland, contrast with the atmosphere of confrontation which had beset central Europe si’nce the Second Would War. ’ have no need con this occasion to :describ,e s&sequent events in f&l, but in Novemb’ea: last year talks b’etween the Federal Republic ‘of Germany and the German ‘emoccratic Repubflic cuhnin~at,ed in a General Relations Treaty which provided for ithe [establishment of normal re1ations between the Itwo. As memb’ers of this Council will know, this Trea,ty is now in force as a result of an exchange of notes which totok place on Wednesday. nl e Quadripa.r$te Declaration, t’o which the representative of France has already refellred and which has bezn circuhted to all Me#mb,er State: was antier of Ihe steps in the course of events dhich led Ito the “*kg of the Security CouncP today, and I should ‘lke at this poi.nt to associate my Government with :he remarks #of ‘my French colleague concerning tha.t De&ration.

My delegation wishes $0 associate i&elf with ‘the statte men& made this morning by the Permanent Representatives of France and the United Kingdom. We too are pleased that tie Fedora1 Republic of Germany and .the German Demolcratic Republic have lsubmitted applica- .tions for membership in the United Nations. My Government will continue to support (those applications. 41. The United Safes views (the spirit of codoperation displayed by the consensus in the Security Cou,nd today as a h&her indicat,ion that patience and good will can help dleveIop tiew rdatioastips in areas long characterized by frictions. Thee new relationships can serve not only the cause of peace but also #the day-today well-being of millions of people. This has a positive ilmpalot on the Unibed Nations, the two German Stantes, and the cause of &ternationaI peace. 37. Burt today’s meeting is not the lend of the story, Fcause it is symbc& of something else. The relaxa- !on of tension i,n the very heart ,of Europ is cIosely Inked with the wider search for de’tente. On 3 July he Euroipean Conference on Semity and C&operation pill open in HeIsinki. This would not have been posible without the improvement in the relations between $St and West whilch I have desoribed. And in the lrcumstances ,now created, ‘this confer,ence will give s the opportunity, which we must surely seize, to lake further propress, ,to the benefit of all, witth zalistic measures to improve security, and to increase le mutual confidence which is essential ito it, to seek ractical ways to develop good neighbour co-operation; nd to lower the barriers which have for too long ivided ,the peoples of Europe. As my Secretary of late said in the General Assembly on 27 September 972 “. . , we must, if life Is to be tolerable, replace le negative conception ,of co-existence with a fabric f trus t”-2 42. The United States has sought {to bring about iunprovements in international relations through careful negotiations to replace hostility wilth multual understanding. Today’s action by the Security Counci.1 is evi#denc.e that we all m mak!ing significant progress towards accomplishi,ng these goals. Obviously this is not .and (cannot be the work of one countiy or one group of Icoun&ias. IIn ,the present -case we have sought to co-operate with the Soviet Union as well as with the Federal Republic of Germany and OIX other Western allies who ahare with us-and with the intematqonal community in general-a common interest in elimmating the causes of &nsion iIn central Emope. 8. Simil~ly, and as part ,of the same prooess, we &orne the proepeot of negotiations on mutual and alanced foroe reductions which we hope will begin L the autumn. No one pretends that this will be an Isy matter to deal with. But if it is possible to reach rreement on measures ‘d&grmd to create confidence, &se negtiations offor the oppotiunity of finding some a~ of lowtrring the Bevel of armed foroes and armalemts in centr&l Europe while at the game time aintainin.g undiminished security for aill at each and Iem stage of the process. 43. The Federal RepuMic of Germany has earned in this process our particular admtiation. Its leadership has sought-we believe, successfully-to deafi con-’ stn~ctively with national proble,ms while taking into account the responsibiliti’es which it and others bear for the ntdatenance of peace, stability and security in Europe. We can, I believe, count son this same conseructive attitulde on the part of the Federal Republic of Germany in the work of the United Nations. 44. We al,so welcome ithe declared intention of the German Democratic Republic to wmk unreservedly in fulfil&ing the United Nations ~missilon of peace and in promoting the economic and social advancement of aal peoples. Each German Stat.e hbas great resources in scientific capacity, a skilled population md a strong economy. Both States have indica+ed a desire ito be of assistance in bringing about eoonomb and &ocial 9. Let me conclude by repeatifng that we look ,Ma.rd $0 continuing in this Organization as elsewhere Ic co-operation with the Federal RepubXc of Gmmany. re look forward equally to inoreadng contacts with - 2 &&~ial Records of the General Assembly, Twenty-seventh ,ion, Plenary.Meetings, 2042nd meetmg, para. 108. 46. The Soviet delegation has been very happy to suppoit the application o.f the German Demoitrratic Republic for admission Co membaship in the United Nations and %he application of the Federal Republic of Germany for admi~ssion to membership iln the United Nations. We cannot fail to note the unanimity with which the Security Council today adopted a decision on the admission of ithese two German Sta’tes to the United Nations. 47. This decision may be boldly &scribed as a truly historic landmark in thle development of post-war international ~relat$ons in Europe and the world and in the histo’ry of the United Nations its&, which was born in the fire and travail of the Second World War, in the hash years of the struggle against aggression and fas’cism, as <the hope of all mankind and as a guarantee that ppaaee could be won and consolidated, that the horrors of war would never Ixeturn, that the “policy to#f force” and its use in international r&t&% would be endled for ever and that peace would triumph everywhere on (earth. 48. Today the Securi#ty Council has unanimously supported ,the applicatioas for admission to membership in the United Nations of ithe Gmman Democratic Republic anld the Federal R.epublic of Germany, two sovereign States which have recognized the United Nations Charter and have undertaken to carry out all the ,oblingations of Unlited Nations membership. This Security Coancil action is a true reflection ,of the enormous and irreversible changes which have taken place in the coatemporaq world as ,a result of the unceasing efforts of all peac&oving and progressive foirce!s, prim&y of the counttries lof the socialist commu.nity, thcroaghout th,e post-war period, It is a direct consequence of the easing of international tension, which has m&e particular progress in recent years. 49. By &opting this ,decdsion ‘the United Nations is drawing the final line on the bsalance-sheet of that great world’ tragedy which began a third of a century ago in Europe and has caused immeasurable suffering tb the peo;ple!s of the worlsd. In the United Nations system the policy and practice of di~soriminatioa against mdividual State’s have been endled. A new eca’is dawning in the hi,stov d ithe activities of the United Nations ;-the loag-awaited (era of universality. 50. ‘The adnission of the~German De~m~ocratic Republic. to membership in the *.United Nations mmt be 51. The German Democratic Republic maintains that the favourable changes which have been achieved in the international situation should be m&e irreversible, Mr. Honecker, First Secretary of the Central Committee of ithe Sodalisit Unity Party of Germany, stated: “This L Itile goal of olur policy tolo. We advolcate compliance w’ith the latter and spirit of the treaties which have been concluded; in accordance with their purport, they should be the anost e&xtive means of guaranteeing peace and thle easing of tension.” 52. The broad international recognition ‘of the German DemocratJc Republic has also been reflected in the faot that today the Germaa Demmcrati~c Republic has diplomatic relations with more than 80 States on all continents of the worl:d. This inlternational recognition of the Gmman Democratic Republic is clear evidence of the irreversibility of the social and political change,s of historic i’mportance which have taken place in &rope and of the complete failure of the policy of ,seeking to achieve diplomatic isolation of this socialist German State in i’n&ernational relations and political discrimination against 3t in the United Nations system. 53. This accomplishment required enormou:s efforts and a consitant struggle on the part of the so&list a’nd many ‘o’ther peace-loving States friendly (towards the German Democratic Republic-States whi’ch strove pe,rsistently fo!r ,the x-eatization of Ithe principles of the equality of rights of all States and peoples and respect for (their sovereignty, an,d for observance of the principle of the universality of the Unitted Nations, which is sltipulated in the Chatier and has been reafhrmed by decisions of the General Assembly. 54. The S,oviet Union has long been linked by the firm’est bonds of close, sincere and selfless friendship with the German Denzoorati’c Republic, a so~oialist German State, the ally and friend of the counttnies of the so,cid:ist conmnmity. We were always among those who pendered alp1 possible support, to (that oonntry in the matter of its admission to membership in the Uniited Nations. Today we lcaln state proudly and with a feeling of deep satisfaction and of duty done that the efforts of those who consistently and constantly advocated the just and equal treatment of all States and wh,o defended and affirmed the principle of the universality of the United Nations were not in vain. They have been xx-owned. with sucoess. Thepe can be no doubt that the.admission of the German Democratic Republic to membership in the United Natioms will serve, the “cause of strengthening universal peace. T&is is an impoi+ta;it step ,of ,grdat; his.t~~d?l:dgnificance and it 58. The delegation of the USSR considers that the adlmission to the United Nations of the Federal Repub- J.&Z of Germany, like the admission of the German Demoaratilc Republic, is oae of the mo!st important events in the history of ,&he life and work of the United Nations; it is equally a long ,ovedue, essential international political action capable of .exerfiing a favoutrable influence both on .the general state of international relatioas and on <the activities of ache United Nations.’ 59. Speaking at a reception on 21 May 1973 during his stay in the Federal Republic of Germany, Leoni’d &lich Brezhnev, General Secretary ,of the Central Committee of the @ommunist P&Q of ,the Soviet Union, stalted: “The hour is at hand when tie German Democratic Republic anLnd the Federal Republic of Germany wil1 take their places in the United Nations an’d will be able to make a worthy contribution to the work of that world OFganization. A11 this substantially alters b’oth the int~e,nationaJ situation of your country and, to a considerable degree, the general climate of I-elations between Western and Eastern Europe.” 60. In this cobnnexion we cannot fail ~to express our satisfaction and our certainty that the trend towards the easing bf intscnational tension and the co8nsolidation of the policy of pesuce$ul coexistence wihll <prevail ovei the negative trends of the glolomy years of the “toad war” in world pc&cs. And in this sense the admission of the Gerlman Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany to the United Nations is an, eloquent testimony of this positive and irreversible process which inspires i,n peoples (the certainty ‘that the cause of peace and international co-operation, towards which Members of the United Nations must strive-in accordance with the obligation imposed’ by the purposes and Charter of ‘the United Nations-will inevitably triumph. The stifiin,g atnmsphere of the “cold war” years is gradually being replaced, although not without dtificulty, by the invigorating climate generated by the easing and wlaxation of international tcnsaon. The p&cy of reaslov, peaceful coexidtence and non-use of force in international relations is replacing the policy of “negotiation from a position of strength”. Confroatatibn and hro&ile allienation are giving way to commuriication ,aad discussion, new evidence of which is provi,ded by Leonid l&h Brezhnlev’s visits to Fran%, the Federal Republic of Germany and #the United States of America and his fruitf!uI talks with the leadas of thosle States. 56. For more than. 20 years the USSR and the counfxies of the socialist co~mmunity have stniven ceaselessly stnd purposefully to restore iInternational justi,ce and end the disoriminatio’n against the German Demoorat~c Republilc in the United Nation4 and in all other international organizatioas. I must tell yofu that I am pelreonally very happy thait it fe$l to my lot a.5 Permanent Representative of the USSR to the United Nations to enjoy the great honour of presiding ovecr thpe Security, Council whein it adophed. this historic clacision ,on the a’d’mission of ithe two German States to membership in the United Nations. 57. Today we are loudly acclaiming the major political advances which have: been achieved ,and are being achieved in Europe 8throngh the efforts of all peace-loving cou8nt8ries sctiing on the initiative of the S ta% ~of the socialist commu~nity, That Europe’ which nlo’re than once has b’een a ,dangoroas hotbed of aggressive wars (causing ,enormoas Idestruction and the deaths of millions of people must recede a’nd is receding into the past forever. It is our :sincese wish-and we are doing .eve,rything we can to bring Ithis aboiut-that? Europe sh&d be.co,me ,a new conti’nent, a continent of peace, mutual trust and mutual co-operation among alJ S,tates and peoples oln tie basis of the principles of peaceful oo.existence. As ptrevious speakers have already nc,t&, we must count ammg the political advances, $ Europe, tist and foremost, the ,co,nsoZdatiog ,in treqty form of ahe prillciple of the i@iolability of the frontias of European States,. i,n&ding ,the frontier between the German Democratic Republic ,+nd the Psderal Republic elf ~qm,~y, #as <hey wqre. e@blished afterthe Sword 6i. As a ftiily fledged Member of (the United’Nations, the l%deral Republic of Germany-which is econoti’cally, scientifically, Fechnically a@ &lhira$ly one of the highly developed, Scales of Europe and the world-wil’l .$ind broad’ opportunities to make its ow11 wc&hy,contribiutioin to interntiltiona1 co-operation among $1: $tates;..tfi$he’ multifaceted activities of the United 63. The Soviet Union is pursuing a Icon&tent and purposeful policy designed to bring ab’out d&ente and the strengthening of peace and the s~ectity ‘of peoples, with #the support of and in co-operatioa with al’1 States of the sol&list colmmunity and ‘all peace-lloving coun,tries ,of the world. The process of normalization of relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic and between the F&era1 Republic of Germany and the Pmolish People’s Republic, the Czecholslovak Socialist Republic and olther social& States, the admission of the two German States to the United Nations, the construotive and flomishing co-operation between the Soviet Union and France, the ~measnres for the development and strengthening of good-neighbourly relations between the USSR and Japan, lthe mutual rmd.erstandinlg reached with the Government of the United States of America on a number of very important questioas of international politics and (the present visit to the United States of L. I. Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Co~mmudst Party #of the Soviet Union, and the further development and strengthening of relations of friendship anld co-operation b1etweer-r ,the USSR and India and other countries of Asia and with the coantries of Africa and Latin America mare all vital links in ,the noble efforts of our people, Party and Government to achieve &i&e, the strengthening of security, the renuaoiation of the us’e of force in internati’onal relations and #the establishmenjt of lasting peace on earth. 64. In this Iconnexion it is appropriate to quote from L. I. Brezhnev% speech at the dirmer which he gave yesmrday in the Soviet Embassy in Washington in honour of President Richard Nixon. Mr. Kunt Wald. heim, ,th.e Secretary-General of the United Nations, was also preslent. Mr. Brezhnev said: “I shall not be mistaken if I say that the spirit of our talks and the basic direction of our j&t efEorts have been determined by aecognition of one CILIT joint egorts CO the achievement of this goal.”

The unanimous adoptier by the S’ecurity Cou’ncil ,of the resolution to recommed to the General Assembly #the admission of the German Democrati Republic and the Federal Republic ol G’ermany ~to membership of the United Nations h& marks, and in itself constitutes, an event and a de velopment of very great importance. 66. As a European country that suffered terribly, ati fought and liberated itself in the Second World \F”ar, as a founding Member of the United Nations, as a socidist and mm-aligned nation long engaged in naive efforts .to overcolme the cold war and its, or any other, divisions in Europe and elsewhere, Yugoslavia is raw deeply gratified by the major dmecision that we have been able to take today. Indeed, fm the reasans mentioned, we find ou~rselves vle,ry fortunate ,in having this opportunity to participate, as members of th’i: Council, in this historic act. 67. Having experien’ced fthe ravages of the two world wars in the life span of one generation and conscious of the new requirements of the contemporary world of the Charter, of thre end of colonialism, of the nniverral and essential demand anld need for (the demooratlzaliw of internarioad relations, and, particula’rly, of t!~ necessity to settle international issues and problnE by peaceful means, Yugoslavia exerted, very early aftct the war, special ,efforts aimed at nornmlizing relaticcm in Europe and transcending i’ts divisions by recognizins the realities on its so,il. We racognized and establbhti m&ions with the Fecleral Republic of Germanv in 1952. We recognised anld established relations ;viLII the German Dlemocrati,c RepubMc in 1957, Simulta~ neously, together with our non-aligned partners rtod, particularly, in the call addressed to the great Powys by #the Belgrade Su,mmit Conference of Non-Aligacd Count&s in 1961, we made an nrgent appeal fc: moving away from ltbe dangerous and sterile. confrorm tions ,dividing Europe and the worlid and ti embark2 upon the path of negotiations and coexistence. Somt of these early efforts an!d contsributions d,id not nIwqs meet with instant recognition and the immediate w&-i& acoeptance then, bult we are ,glad to note that Euwp has ave%r since been .mfoving towards an era of c+ operatilon. 68. The important network of agreements betwtia the Federal Republic of Gmmany and the Soviet Union, Poland anld now Czechoslovakia, a’nd, of course, tie impolrtant agreements between *two German Stana, With all the concomi~tant instrumenta.&i&+s, constitute a balssic and most essential sltsuoture, the foundadon up whJch it was possible to build subsequent deveIopmentj that made today’s meeting and decision a reality. 69. The positive and timely initiabives of #the Govzmmerit of the Soviet Union, of lthe Federal Republic of Germany and other direct participants on both sides were instrumental ia opening lthe way for these agfe+ ments. Let us also be aware and appreoiative of all those untiring and imaginative efforts of all thcsa

The Security Council has just unanimously approved the dcraft resolution submitted !to us by the Comm&tee ,on the A,d~misdon of New Members. Indec’d, that unanimity expressed by members of the Cou,nc+l is the most eloquent proof Ithat Iour decision is not only of rare importance but also in keeping with a wish we have all long had. 77. The Council has been asked to consider the applications for admission presented by two States whose absence had bleen Felt as a grav,e anomaly. The letters sent by the Foreign Ministers of the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany to the Secretary-General were therefore more than a mere formality. The appli,cations for admission of the ltwo German States are in fact the visible and spectacular sign of a process of de’tente and normalization which has steadily gained ground in Europe, particularly in mid.dle Europe. Th,e stages in that process of d&elate, the consequences of wh3ch have benlefited the whde of Europe, are well k,nown and I think it unnecessary to remind the members of the Council of them. 78. The whole world will Irecall, however, lthe profound and favourable response to the agreements conclud,ed three years ago by <the Federal Republic of Germany on the one hand and with the Union of Soviet Socialist 79. That work of peace and recom%ialtlion is wo&hiJy asso’ciated with that men,tioned this morning, in very impressive terms, by the representative of France, the purpose of which was the goconciliation of the German people with Ithe people of We,stern Europe, primarily with the people of France. 80. Many speakem have II?ighitly stiessed the pisofomd significance of the new agraements, particularly those between the Federal Republic of G’ermany and the German Democratic RepubEc, agreementa which form the basis for the normalizatioa not only of their bdathms bl&ween th,emseIve:s but also of their rehtiions b’etwaen Eastern anld W,esltern Europe. The importance of these agreements in themselves, the us&lness of these juridical instruments, is, however, 1argdy surpasseId by the new spitit of truslt and co-oparatimon which has been established in a part of Europe so often war-torn and crisis-ridden. In expressing our lgratification at this new spirit, we sh’oiulld like to pay tiibute to $&he s’tntas:men wh’o are responsible for this profound change in the political clirnti~e of Europe. 81. I would be straying outiide the framework of this bri,ef statement if I were to enumerate all ithe efforts which have been mad’e and were I to congratulate individutiy all those who contributed Ito the success of that task. However, in awarding the Nobel Peace P&e to the Chance&r of the Federal Republic of Germany, Mr. WiJly Bran&, the international community intended thereby Ito pay singular tribute to a man whose contiribu,tion to the work of peace in Centratl Europe was ,of thre highest impo~&an~oc. This Nobel Peace Prize of 1971 reminlds us of ithat of 1926 which was awcwcled, i,n recognition ‘of their effo& at recon’oiliation bletween the German people and their enemies in the First World War, to A&tide Briand and Gustav Stresemann. Si. 1.n stressing the relaxation of tension which haa so felicitously come about in Europe and which marks present relations between European States-whose representative will be meleting in a few days in I%- sinki for the European Conference on Security and Coqeratioa-we shouild like to expre.ss the hope that ithe peace which has f&&y been won by ELKO~ will benefit other continents, and I should like, in this context, to quote what the Federal Minitieir of Foreign Affairs of’ Austria; Mr. Kirahschlaeger, said to the General. Assembly on’5 October 1972: .., “ . I fully realize that the solulbion~ of the problems ‘existing in Eurube woulfd sot by &~~lf eliminate tension, warf(are and ~jnsti~ce in b&her par@ of the wodd. It may, howsever, .be justified .to %sume that a solution of Eufopean pocobllems in the ,spiti of the United Nations Charter w@d not fail 40 have its 1 dinpact dn other con&e& %o. The whole world ,’ has suffered ill $he course of this, century fain the .. consequ&nc& pf two ti$ars which spread from Europe. ‘, Why, then, should tlii whole world not bentif% from 84. I;n rsupponting their appUcat,ions for admission we shoald like to express our conviction and certainty that #they will, as f&y fledged Memblers of the United Nations, make a valuable ‘and necessary contribution to the work lof the Organization. Thtir membemhip of the United Nattions will coatitutie not only a considerable strengthening of tour Organizaticm, but al.so a ,de&ive step towards its universality. 85. When the time comes, my country will of course b’e expresesshg through a moire authorised spokesmm all its feelings with regard tie the admission of fhese two new Members, and our great sa&falction oln t&s his,tolri’c occasion. 86. In greetilng the two future MembleTs we should like 40 bid welcome to two European countries ti,nked to our own ~coun&y, Austria, by Ithe history of our continent and by a common cultural and Linguistic heritage. The co-operattion which will be established between us in the United Nations will once again be symbolic of the new good-neighbourly relations establishled b’etween Aus’tria, ton tie lone hand, and the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Demmocratic Republic, on the other. The relations which have &eady existe.d for more than 20 years between Austria and the Federal Republic of Germany and to whi,ch are now added the recentiydestablished Telatiofis with the German Democr,tiic Republic, are based on mutual respect fos i,nependence and sovereistlrcy. 87. It is on that barsis that we ‘see the future of our il’elations. It is in this European and world spirif, a spirit ,of firm devotion to tie prinoi:ples of th’e United Nations, that we take pleasure in noting ifhe wa%m wolcomle given by the Council this morning to’ the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Re@ic. 88. Sir Laurence McINTYRE (Austrralia) : The Council has had befme it tolday the oepoti of its Clolmmittee on the Adm&sion of New Members, which has recommended to the Council that k &opt a resolution recommending in tipn to the General Assembly that the G&man Demo,cratic R,epublic and the Federal Republrc ‘of Germ.any be admitted rto membership of th#e United’ Nations. In lthe course of ithe Committee’s oonsideratioh of the applications folr memb,ership subm’ilt.ted by b,oth Governm!ennlts, <my ddegaltion #said that it had eximii&d them carefully and was satisfied that b’otth coun&ies Were eminenfily qualified for membership d Ibid., 265&i meeting, para. 58. W8 he overwhelmingly accepted by ‘the General Assembly at its twenty-eighth session. 89. Let me ‘say ithat Australia greatly values the close and frisendly relations that it has enjoyed with tie Federal Republic of G’ermany in receti years. We are confident that a wcarm and co-operative association b’etween our two ‘countries as feilow Members of the United Nations wi’l!l serve only to consolidate and further strengthen those relations. 90. As to the German Democratic Republic, I should like to recall that one ‘of the first acts of ,tl-re Australian Governmlent which tiook office last December was to enter intio dipl~olmatic rdatio’ns with its Government. In the subsequent joinIt communiquC it was stated that in reaching their decision to eotab&h diplomatic relations, bo;th Governments were prompted by a desire to pro’mote friendly relations to the mutud advantage of both countries; and my Govermnent announced last week the &sign&on of Australia% first Ambassador to the German Demo~cratic Republic. 91. What we have dofne totday represents the first step towards what can indeed only be described as a historic decision by the United Nations. The second and find step has to ble taken by the General Assembly, and we can lolok forw,ard to it with co#nfidenoe as well as hope. Even so, we must wait for *that final decision beforte we can extend in full measure the welcome that ,th,e ‘occasion’ will Call for; and my #delegation, as a member of &is Council, which has ,ththe ‘duty under the Charter of examining and endoltlsing the qualifications of new apph~cants for memb,ership, will expeot to j,oin whole-heartedly in that welcome, 92. In the meantime, let mc oIllly say again that a historic decision is in the making, a ld,ecision which is baound to afE&ot signlificantly and beneficially the whole texture of the United Nations, its operations and its influ~ence. 93. For the United Nations, aidmission of the two Germanys would represent a giant stride towards universality of’ membership, which all of us have held as an ideal, but which we have arot always bjeen able to apply in practice. Here we have the prospect of Urnbed Nations memblership for two States, with. a total population of some 77 million people, both dedicated, under the terms of their Treaty of 21 December 1972, to the purposes and ptincipl,es ~embo~died in the Charter and to the settlement of their disputes by peaceful means, without reslort to the threat or use of foroe. It must be obvious that in &ma of population and also of rthe energy, creati&y and versatile talents of th)e German people, the full participatim of the two German States in tie aotivities of the United Nations ,coul#d represent a substantial ,atccretion of its strength and influence throughout the intermutional tpnm.lity. 94! Th,e very fact of attaiament of membershi? of &e Uni~ted Nations by b&h Germanys coul’d scarcely .l 102. The hopes for peace of the peoples of Eulrorope in parti,cular, an.d of t&e world as a whole, will be greatly strengthened by ithe accession of #the two Ger,man Stabes to our world Organizatioa. Furtherm’ore, their accession means a notewo&hy advance towards nealization lof the princi,ple of universality which my delegation regards as fundamentbal to the search for bternational peace and understanding. 103. The in&ernatioaal community has come more md mo,re to support the vilew Ithat catch of i,ts Members without exception should ‘shoulder a portion of the responsibility f,or the fate of humanity anld that in o,rder to discharge that grave responsibility leach and every nation ,must be allowed to play its appropriate role in the world Orgarrization. We shoul’d also not overlook the importance of the significant assistance b’oth German States have given to the ~eoonomi~c development of many devdopinlg countries. My #delegation hopes thjat their adtmission to the world Organization will furth’er stremgthen the ‘efforts for the auccess,ful achievem’ent of the objlectives and goals of the Second Development Decade. 104. We live ,in ,an ‘era lof universal interdependence. It is an era ,in which, if I may quote from Ithe. inaugural a,ddress of Mr. Adam Malik, Foreign Minister ,of Iadonesia, as President of the twenty-sixth session of the Eenerd Assembly, ‘(the Idiversity of nations is set in the essential unity of mankind”.4 Such an understanding of the present wodd order requires us $0 forge an Organization whose membership enoolmpassas all the nations of the world, including the divided nations, without prejuldSce as ito political ideology or social system. 105. The admission of ithe two German States to <the United Nations will tset a preoedent for #other divided cotmtries whenever they wish and agree to undertake a si’milar step. 106. Mr, HUANG (China) (tronslu2ed from Chinese) : The German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany appli,ed for membership i,n the United Nations on 12 and 13 June 1973 respectively. Th’e Chhese ,delegation is ‘of Ime opinion that, in accordance with th’e rel’evati prov&ns of Ithle United Nations Charter, both the German Democratic Republic am(d the Federal Republilc of Germany are qualified for m,embership in the Unibed Nationis, ,and we therefore support their application and agree (that the Security Counjcil shoul,d recommend to the General Assembly 4 Ibid., Twenty-sixth Session, Plenary Meetings, 1934th meeting, para. 64. 107. After ,the Second World War, for reasons known I. - _. to a& tiermany was ,divided into ‘tw’o States. Nearly 28 pears have ‘elapsed ,since the ,end of tie Second Woxld War, but tie peace tireaty with Germany has not yet belen colncluded and the two German States are still living under abnlormad oolnditioins. We maintain that a j,ust ,anld reasonable se’etiem~ent (of the German question should be achieved at an early date cm condition that the interests and w+sh,es lof the people of th,e two German Sltates shodd ble respected and that the affairs ,of th’e German people should be settled by the German people themslelves through consultations. 108. The Chinese people have long had friendly relations wi,th the Gelrman pco’ple, China has established diplomatic relations with both the German Democratic Republic aald the Federal Republic of Germany. China is ready to sd8evelop its rela~tions ,fufunther with the German Demo,crati,c Republi$c and th.e Fedlerd Republic of Germany 0.n thle basis ,of ;th#e Five Principlea of Peaceful Coexistence. Wle bldieve that with th(e further development <of ‘our State Irelatiloas an(d people’s contacts wilth tbe German Dlem!ocratic Republic anId the F&ral Republic of Germany, the friendship between the Chin’ese aeopb and the Gerunan pleoplle will certainly Eurth8er devel’op and grow atronge~r.

It is with pax%icular pleasure that the Sudan delegation as,sociates itself with the resolution the Ccnmcf has iust adopted by consensus recommending to the General Assembly imat the German Denmcretic Republic aed th,e Fedferal Republic of Germany be aldmibted tie membfeaslrip i,n the United Nations. 110. My delegation finds itself in the happy position of havmg enjoyed cordial relations with each of &em for (some years. In the case of Ithe Federal Republic of Germany, dipl’olmatio, aconomic and cultural relations date back to the trme of the independlence of the Su’dan in 1956. It is gratifying that thes,e relations con&me to grow and develop in a (spirit of mutual confidlence and undersbalnding, Similarly, bmy coumry enjoyed commercial and cultural relations with the German Democratic Republic for some itime, and they ultimately ldlevdoped into a fu~ll-fledged IdipIomatic relationship. 111. My delegation will ~fi~erefore look forward to refle’cting that r&tionship in closer and fuller co-operation with the delegations ,of those Itwo counes ~ilthin the United Nations in ;the very nlear future. 112. My delegation is also pleased tiat *the reasons which made it impossible for Ifiose count&s Co become Members of lthe United Nations have been removed, It is, however, quite opportuoe ,and appropnlabe to thei,r Isbrabegic positions in Central Europe that they jain the international community at a lti’rne when athe movement for p&aoe and co-operat&t is in process in 12 1. The Government of India has attempted to make the rqwe,w&at,ion at ithe Uniti Nabi~ns rno= aazd mno~e unims& Admission to Itie United N&QJX of the two G~erxn~ States with a population 0.f neaa;ly 78 million people marks aa inqmntarnt step towards a more eff&ive world Organizatioa. We hope, ;therefore, that wha thte Council takes iup ,the que&ion of admksion of othe(r Stab, it will ldenmstrste lthe same sense of urgency and ‘give the same degree of ensoarapmat to milJioas of pjeople who afre sltill outside but who wish ufrgentiy and &mo+nstrably to dive in peace and prospcrtiy md in oo-operation with the resit of thtir f&lowbeings in the world. 114. In Africa and in the Arab world in particular, where the new candidates entertain or sue likely to elntertati good relationIs with the coa&ries of rcbose Iregions, hope will htinge on the role and contrib~ution of the two countrias towards inbrnational peace and s’eciurity in ithosre parts. For nowhere in the world is peace mcM?e thneartened (than in the Middle East, where Zionism occupies and oppresses, md i’n sou~them Africa, where racism, apartheid and c&n&is,m domlnati and explo& in the Portugnes~e-occupied &&odes, in Zimbabwe, in Namibia anid in South Africa. 122. Several speakers blefore ,rnte have emphasized how the present applications of the two Gapman States calme about as a r&u&t of the d&ente in mpe and dactibti, do&less btiefly, the steps leading to such a de’teltte. Wee w&come ,&ose devdopmants and co&me to’ b,elieve that European securilty is not only vital in itself but oontribwttzs in a large measure b in&rnatioaal peace and s’ecutity. We furthzr b&eve that a very ‘large mlrnber of the newly indepen;dent cou&ies, particularly h Asia and Africa, by hee@ng Iout of the old pdicy of confrontation and by EojJlowing (the path of non-al&nmsnt, did help the procas oP d&enle not only in Europe but dslewhe’re ia the world ‘~1s well. With lthis added strength of success, it is oulr h.ope that it ~81 cetitiy be ourr endeavow to mahe Ithe policy of non-alignment work towards greruter goals of peace and secutity throughout the wo& and to sjttive tow~azds a world not torn by conflioti.ng economic infierests, by hegemony and spheres of hflu%nence, by a balaaoe of terror and power, but towards a world where we can alJ live and work tog&her as goNod neighbours and share the achievemen& of mankind im a jnslt, honourable and friendly m~anine~r. 123. In ithis task the Geaman Demolor&c Republlic and ,the Federal Republic of Germany have a&ready made icmportanlt contributiaas bloti b%aterally and mziltilatera~ly. Their admission to rthe United Nations would! Y)D the one hand, give fomlbal recognirtioa of their lmpo@tant oonitributloa aad, on the other hand, enswe that the kes~oillil;Ces, vigour and wisdom, as well as ;the rich historical and oultural traditions of these two great countries, woiuld support, sustain and coordinate losur c&e.ctnve ,effomrtls in the years to come, 115. We fare (confident that the two new candidates can play a polsitive role in proportion ibo Itheir great piolitical, economic and mo& capaci,ties and !t~~~~sces, whether in tie Middle East, in Southern Aftica, or eIsewh,elre, t,owards the promotion of pacre and the advancement of mankind. 116. Once more my delegation exbenb a warm welcome to the German D.emooratic Republic and to tile F&era1 R’epublic of Germany, md to the in,&ernatioaai comrmmity. 117. Finally, Mr. President, you dleseave our profound appreciation aad congratulations for the skilfd and &&catted manner in which you have guided the Comd durring all &e various stages of these ~two applications for memblership, to this su~coastsfuu8 and happy con&sion.

I thank the representative d tie Sudan fmor the kind words he ad!dlEssed to ,me.

The Security Co,uncil melerting today to appro’ve the applicatio,ns from the G:erman Democratic Republic and tie Federal Republic of ciermany for admis&n tie membership ‘of the United Nations is of unusual significan$ce. The Utited Nations, which wals formled lo pcl’event ‘%uccaedinlg generations iTr0.m the scourge of war, which twice in our lif&me has brought untold sorrow to mankitnd”, has ta&n today the first Formal and civilised sztep Do remove the diff,erenoe bletween the victors and ,the vcanquished. I say “civilize~d” belcause we cannot and must not Bive in Ithe past, but move forwud BO build together a bletter fl&ure. This inldoeld Is the spi!rit of our Charter. 124. W&h a ,population of 17 mi&n people and an area of 41,635 square m&s, the Ge;rman Democratic Republic is totday one jolf &he leading tidustriria;l nations of Europa. It has wo&ed hard for frienldly !r&ttions with o&or oouatri~es and has erstab&hed diploma,& relations with 84 States in all parts of the world. The German Dlcmocratic Republic is ‘a membear of several s~peciarlizlsd agencies and other international organizations and i’t is expected to join the International Ato#m,ic F!u~~rgy Agency sho,tiy. 120. ILt ghm us padcular phx~sure thmfolre SKI find that the Committee on admbasions has reco~mlrmejnded speedily and unanimously the aooeptance of both the appliiahms, that lthe simultaneous declarations by the Gove~rnm~tis of Francle, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and tithe United States of America have underw&te;n ;the appl.k&nm IanId that the LWO German Stabs have solennnly ~declamd their willimgtlieas to canry out thle &digatiotx contained in the Charter. In approving tie applicat:ions, the Secua?ity Counci~l has judged Ithat both the Sftates are able and willing to carry out these 125. Friendly ties betwem the Gserman Democratic Republic aaud India have grown ~stea&ily. P ds now one 1:26. The Federal Republic of Germany with a population of nealnly 62 miHion <anId an (area of approximtiely 75,000 square miJes is a member of all the specialised agemies land has baeen an observer member (of the United Na)tioas since 1952. Its ~efie~ctive participation in these organizations is well known. As one of the leading intdustrial and trading natmns of the world, the Federal Republic of Germany has pursued a developmental policy which envisages promotion of .economic ,and social pro,gress in Ithe developibllg oountries in a system of world-wide partnership. The total foreign aid given by #the Federal Republic of Germany from 1952 to 1972 oomes to 56,600 mi&n D.eutschmarks of wh3ch 6,600 million Deatschmarks were given during 1971 allolne. The fmeign aid was 0.87 per cent of the gross national produ’ct in 1971; Asia received 509.8 million Deutschmarks and Incdia 270 million Deutschmarks im 3 97 1, India’s ldevdo~pmental ,effonts have bsen considerably fecilitakeld wilth the timely ~assistance from thle F&ml R’epubBc ,of Germany. 127. Indlia has maintained frien~dly ~-e&ions with the German Fedleral Republic lever since the end of the war and the fsuture offers promising prospects of further growth anId co-operadon in m~any fields. At the end of ou;r Foreign Minister’s visit to the Federal Republic of G,ermany in May this year, a joint Istatement was .issued. I rrhall qutie two sentences from that state merit. The first is: “The Indian side referred to the continuing support of the Indian Government for the Federal Government’s peace efforts and indicated their interest in a further positive development in Europe,” The second sentence I should like ,to quote is: “In the bilateral talks it was noted that Indo-Federa1 Republic relations in the poli8tical, economic and cultural fields had developed satisfactorily. The two sides discussed possibilities of expanding their cooperation further on the basis of partnership already existing in many fields.” 128. Ever since we achieved our own independence we have steadily developed political and economic ties with the two German States. Fur,ther, German scholars artists, musicians and scientists have for several decade; had special appeal to our own men and women of intellect and sensitivity. For years now there has been a profound cuhural interaction between the Indian and German peoples. In welcoming the ChancelIor of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1967, the Prime Minister of India, Shrirnati Indira Gandhi, said: “It would not be an exaggeration to say that no European nation made a greater attempt to discover and understand the ancient wisdom of India than Germany did. The reason is obvious. Philosophical inquiry is the fundamental basis of the genius of the German people, which those famous last words of Goethe: ‘Light more light’, sum up so completely, Goethe’s sensitive spirit responded instinctively to Sanskrit literature. It was the work of German scholars, notably Max Mueller, that enabled us in our ,turn to rediscover ourselves.” 129. The people of India have great admiration for the people of the two Germ<an States, for the vitality, perseverance and ability. The world has seen how since the end of the war in 1945 they have been mainly responsible for the astounding recovery and the great progress in comm,erce, industry and technology. With their presence and participation in the United Nations they can and will, we are sure, make most effective contributions towards the great goals to which we are all commi,tted through our Charter.

My country is most gratified that the Security Council has given a favourabIe reception to ‘the requests for admission to *the United Nations of the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany and that it has decided to recommend these to the General Assembly. 131. My delegation has no doubt that the forthcoming Assembly session will fully endorse the entry of both countries to our Organization and believes that it would be proper to extend to them our congratulations and our welcome at that time, but I cannot refrain from stating now that Peru has supported by its vote the entry of the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany into the Organization, not only because it is aware that both fully sa,tisfy the requirements laid down in the Charter but also because their presence will make a valuable contribution to the attainment of the purposes and objectives of this Organization. The entry of the two German Republics would also be a ,tremendous step towards that unshakable goal, which is to ensure that the United Nations is the reflection of the international community without exception. 132. We also wish to emphasize that this fact will be evidence of the utmost significance and impact as 139. But while it is (true tbnut the entry of the two German States into memb~ership of the L&bed Nations is of greti impor-tarme for tie development plans and programmes, it is ‘eqtually obvious that ~this faot creates a series of political ramifications which are of even greater magmtude. I would say that the approval of these apphcations that we have given today is am event of trrue practical significance in the attainment of a relaxation of tensions within the European Community. It is undoubtedly one of the mast .significant st,eps towards leaving aside once and for all the steriIe and very often dangerous confrontations of the cold war. Indeed, the G,ermans themselves take this to ‘inlean that the Uniaid Nations is ope$ng the .door wide to them to ienter into arrangements that will permilt of oloser communiction and (effective understmding for the settaement of ~diffenencerr and disagreemoms which lm the past have had such sombre consequences. Perhaps, for those samle very weighty reasons, we will soon see comtmunications between the two Germanys normalizeld and Itie walls and regulations removed which heretof’ore have madIe the peaceful setilement of disputes so difficult. 134. We are also gratified to emphasize the excellent relationships of friendship and broad economic co-operation that my country maintains and has maintained for more than 20 years with <the Federal Republic of Germany. In the field of international cooperation, the presence of the Federal Republic of Germany has been a highly positive .elemcnt which has had its impact not only in Peru and in Latin America ‘in general but also in all parts of the third world. Its ‘assistance to development has been characterized by its fidelity to the principles and practices recommended by the Organization. 135. The decision taken by the Security Council and ‘that which we have no doubt will be adopted by -the forthcoming session of ,the General Assembly will ‘inevitably have clearly beneficial effects for the United Nations and the international community as a whole. 136. Mr. RIOS (Panama) (interpretation from $pcmish): My delegation has carefully considered the requests for admission to membership of the United Nations submitted by the German Democratic Re- ‘public and the Federal Republic of Germany. We have no objections or arguments to raise against them. On the contrary, we gave them our favourable and enthusiastic support this morning, certain that they will properly complv with the requirements laid down in Article 4 of the Charter. We have before us documents S/ 10949 and S/10945 which prove to us that the two political entities quite clearly have fulfilled the formality required under rule 58 of <the provisional rules of procedure of the Security Council 140. I should point out most emphatically that by permitting entry ‘of the two German States into the United Nations we are also paving ahe way for making the proposted European Cor&rence on Secudty and Co-operation anld the sbengthening of international seleurity more viable ‘anId enszlring Ithat it produces posiQive results. This will uadoubtedlv have a bavourabIle i,mpact on rthle reduotioa of mili~tary forces and the limitation oif strategic and other weapons. 141. I s6ould like to emphasise another equally dgn&ant factor: [the admission ‘of <the Federa;l Repub%c of Germany anld the German Demooratic Reoublic to mernb~einshin of the United Nations is specifically in accordance with the objective ,of utivers&y, which has uoasisteatly bleen Id’efmdmed with such zeal within this Counicil. 137. We are participants in and witnesses to a decision which marks a high point in the life of the United Nations. 138. The German nation, which is today divided by different political and social systems, in the course of its history has been a trail blazer in science and technology. The German genius has been pre-eminent in various areas of cultural activity. The German people is an example of devotion to work, discipline and tenacity. Over a relatively short period of trme, on the ruins left by a war waged without let or hindrance, there were built two German States whose progress and development today have reached amazing levels. And in this context it is appropriate to point out for the purposes of the work of the United Nations that the economic prosperity and the industrial development achieved by these #two German States have been reflected in the developing countries through a series 142. Folr thle reasonis that I have given and on the instructions of my Government. we have supported the rersohtion in do~ouunent S/10957. 143. On b’ehalf SoC the Gavernment ,amd ,peopIe of Panama anId on mv own behalf, I w&come the plenipoaenbiaries Iof (the German States who are present here and I exnresis my si,ncere hone thatt thle entry into the United Nati8oo.s of tha ~count~i~es they %represjent will signifv a nos&ive step forward in the sielarch for peace and n~o~sple&v for mankind. I request them .to convey the exupession ‘of thewe sincere d,es$res ‘of Pan,ama to their respective Governments and peoples. 144.. In conolusioln, I !shonlsd like on &is occasion to offer loilllr sincere co-operation to the future ,delegations 146. Anticipating positive a&on by tie .&nerd Assembly, my d&g&on w&~omes both countries to Ithe United Nations famZy and cmgrat&tes ti for their willingnes!s bo co-ogerate ti the coliecitive wXi and wisdom of humanity .im rthe pu!rsuit of peace laud order and [tile promotion of the fundamental pdnciples of the United Nations Chao%er. 147. Et is tie hope of #my delegation &at those counbrim s~bill plagued with titife and divldled by ideo;lolgies and mutual hoetifity wild emulate the lexampl,e <of tie twfo German Repubks. We also h,opple t&at nations Pke those of $&the Milddllle East which olre still s;o f,urions$y at odds will Iliearn from tie two Bermam Republics lthe effkacy 08 s~ebtting disputes ,and diffegenm by peaceful means. 148. My &legation &oolks forward to the mlost fruitful and fratelrnti co-opmation wirth tie delegations of the German Deunacratic Rcepubli’c and tie Federal Repubtilc of Geumany *In ‘our oolmmon endaavour ~to give effect to t&e purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter a& the various &ci,sions, resolutions and declarations of rthis Oounci1 an’d rthte olther ‘organs, agencies and b,ol&es w,ithin the Untied Na&i~on,s sy&m. 149. The admission $0 membe&$ #of tixe TJnw Nations of the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of German will give all our delegations the opportunity to co-operate in accordance wi’th the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations in order to work for a new world order, progress for our peoples and international peace and security.’ We are confident that in this endeavour ‘the German Democratic Republic and lthe Fade& Republic of Gfepmany will make theiT ‘lomg-awaited ,po.siltive oonnltribnttions. My de- Segatioa will co-opmtte wi’th both their delegations in harmony and in equity and with full respect for thezir sovereignty and national id’en,tirty. 150. The admission of the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany to membership of the United Nations will now bring the two Republics face to face with some of.the burning issues with which the United Nations is seized. As a representative of an Afri,can coiunltry I cannot hesitate to point out that, in olur judgement, the situation in southern Africa is olne of the mo’st intractable and sedorus intepnatanal issues that the Unibeld N&ions faces Cotday. In s,outhern Africa 151. In welcoming the two new Members $0 the family of the United Nations, and as we applaud this event as a significant step cowards the achieve#m’ent of universality of United Nations m,embersh,ip, we also hope th’at this move towmds universality of membership of ,the United N&ions will1 be matched by a determination to uphold the universality of ithe application of the p&ciples ,and purposes of the Utited Nations Charter. We sirncorrdy hope tiat lthe Federal Republic of Germany and the German Delmocrattic Republic will join hands wi*th all foroes working ito &m.inate tithe ev& of apcrrtheid in South Africa and lto bcring about the restoration of the r&hits of the peioples o,f Namibia and Southlern Rlmdesia and the giquicdatiou of Portuguae coloniailism in Angola, Mozambique a,nd Gu,inea (Bissau). 152. Thle PRESIDENT (translated from Rclssian): There are no mote speakms on the list. The Security Coancill has comple,bad i,ts ccmsid@ration of athe question of the admission of new Members ito the United Nations -thse German D,emo’cratilc Republi’c and ifhe Federal Republic of Genmaay. 153. In accordance with the second paagraph of rule 60 of the provisional ties of procedure of #the Security Council, I request Mr. Kurt Waldheim, the Setret,a!ry-General, to forward to the General Assembly the tex,t <of the resolution adopted today by the Security Council1 togethler w.ith the verbabim reoords of tie Conacil’s meetings of 21 and 22 June. 154. I think that it is the genera!. opinion and hope of ~IU members ‘09 &he Council tth& the General Assembly will take a favourable view of the Security Co,ulncil recommendation concerning the admlission of the German Democratic Republic and the Federal Republic lof Germany to ,memble&ip in the Unibad Nations and thti Jt will in *urn support these two major European States in the mattes of tie adoption of a positive decision on thelir aIdmission to thle United Nat.ions aa;d will Ith’elleby ensure their pa&ipation in the noble cause .of ,strengthening peace and international security anfd developin,g co-o#peratIon blatween States in the community of Stades Mambers #of the U&tod Nations. 155. Befmolre adjourning th’e meeting I should like to make ;the foldowiag ~~mouncecn~ent: at the #request of Ambassador Bdero-Jowi, Paermanent Representtiive of Kenya to the United Nations, *th,e PresideOnt of the Secu~- ity Council intends to hold informal consultations in the officie of (the Praide,ti of the Security Council, with all membms of she Council in coanexion with Ithe ite,m otn ,the Cour&s agenda relating bo consideration of !thle siltu&i’oa i’n ithe MisddBe East. If ithere are no othe’r r,equ&s ‘or .commenrbs, I sha8l take ilt that the Council agrees w,ith #this proposal. The meeting rose at 1.25 pm. HOW TO OBTAIN UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATIONS United Notions publications may be obtained from bookstores and distributors throughout the world. Consult your bookstore or write to: Uniled Nations, Sales Section, New York or Geneva. COMMENT SE PROCURER LES PUBLICATIONS DES NATIONS UNIES Les publications des Nalions Unier sent en vente dans les librairies et les agences diporitaircs du monde entier. Informer-vous q upr&s de votre librairie ou adressez-vous 6: Nations Unies, Section des ventes, New York ou Genbve. KAK IlOIlYYMTb M3AAHMFl OPrAHM3A~MM 06bEAMHEHHblX WAl.(Mfi COMO CONSEGUIR PUBLICACIONES DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS Los publicaciones de 10s Naciones Unidas erttrn en venta en librerior y casas distribuidoras en todcrs partes del mundo. Conrulte a su librero o dirijase a: Naciones Unidas, Secci6n de Ventas, Nuevo York o Ginebro. Printed in U.S.A. Price: $U.S. 0.50 (or equivalent in Other currencies) 82226-August 1973-2,050