S/PV.1814 Security Council

The Council has before it my specisl report on recent events in Cyprus [S/11624], which deals in particular tiith the talks between Mr. Clerides and Mr. Denktas on the, substance pf the Cyprus problem and with the develop- Febj-uary 1975, at p-n~ Rents ‘which led to the announcement, on 13 February 1975, by the Turkish Cypriot leadership. 4: .As members of the Council are aware, I had the opportupity to discuss the current Cyprus situation wit! Turkish and Greek leaders in Ankara and Athens on 19 February. 5 . The object of these visits was to get a first-hand impression of the views of the two Governments on the present state of affairs and to examine ways in which progress might be made out of the present impasse towards a peaceful and lasting settlement. In particular, I took the opportunity to discuss the possibility of new approaches to the negotiating process and the conditions required for such approaches to have a chance of success. Needless to say, the positions of the Government of Cyprus and of the two communities in the island were foremost in my mind during my talks in Ankara and Athens. 6, Qe leaders in both capitals gave me a comprehensive statement of their views on the current situation in Cyprus, grid their representatives here in the meetings of the Security Council have given the members a full account of these views. I shall therefqre confine Fyseif in this statement to my own general conclusions. 7. In the first place, I wi?h to emphasize the great seriousness of the risk to peace and security in the eastern Mediterranean which the Cyprus situation represents 9s long as no progress is made in resolving it along the lines laid down in the relevant United Nations resolutions, especially General Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX), which was endorsed by the S,ecurity Csuncii in its resolution 365 (1974). The suffering of the people of Cyprus can only increase the gravity of this situation. It is the duty of the Council, therefore, as well as of the parties directly conceme+I, to exert all possible efforts to ensure that real and timely progress is made towards a lasting settlement, _ ’ 8. In all fpnkness one of the main impressions I have gained in recent days is the expectation of the parties concerned and of the world in general that the United Nations can and should shoulder its responsibilities in this matter. Indeed, the Cyprus problem represents a cticial test of the effectiveness and credibility of the Organization. It is, of course, up to the Council to decide how best to deal with .themselves and of the Councfl. 9 . As members of the Council know; I have attached great importance to the talks between Mr. Cierides and Mr. Denktas, the negotiators ‘for the two communities in Cyprus. These talks began during my visit to Cyprus last August, dealing first with humanitarian questions and later’ also taking tip ,political questions. As a result of the recent developments described in my report, these talks are now suspended, The developments have created a new and tense situation, because there is now a vacuum which can all too easily be filled by renewed violence. 10. I still believe that talks between Mr. Cl&-ides and Mr. Denktag, in the presence of my Special Representative, could provide a basis, for progress; although I fully tecognize the need for a new and fresh approach to the negotiating process. The success of such a new approach inevitably depends on the creation and maintenance of conditions in which all parties are prepared to agree to participate. I discussed this problem in some detail during my talks in Ankara and Athens and suggested some new possibilities which might make the resumption of the negotiating process possible. 11. As members of the Council are well aware; there are very great differences between the parties on matters of substance, which are reflected in disagreements over procedure. It is obvious that flexibility and a willingness to make concessions and to avoid unilateral actions are of the utmost importance, if any progress is to be made. I have done my best in my recent talks to urge the necessity of such an attitude on all. sides and to suggest ways in which a better atmosphere for serious negotiation might be created. With the same end in view, I have conveyed to the leaders in each capital the main points made to me in the other, in the hope of reducing at least some of the differences between them. 12. Despite their basic differences,’ I believe that there is a desire in both capitals to find peaceful solutions to their respective difficulties, and ‘a keen realization of the dangers of a failure to do so, dangers that are not confined to Cyprus alone. I do not have’ to stress here what a further deterioration of the situation in Cyprus could mean for international peace and security. I am Sure that the desire for a peaceful solution is shared by the leaders and the people of Cyprus. It is on this basis that we must build. Peaceful settlement is an urgent necessity if we are to avoid further tragedies and disasters, and it is to that end that our best efforts must be made. $my .solution must be based on the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and non-alignment of the ~Republic of Cyprus, as stipulated ;in the General Assembly resolution. ’ 1 13: I do not .believe that .*it would be appropriate for me to enter into greater detail at this stage;‘ I would merely wish to repeat that it is vitally important to, create as soon as possible conditions in which meaningful negotiations for a settlement can iproceed. I earnestly hope that the deliberations of the Council will, be ‘helpful in attaining this objective. ~ .’ .‘. :. 14. j ‘The PRESIDENT L- I now call on the representative of Greece. 13. ,Mr. ,CARAYANNIS (Greece): The Secretary- Genera! has just,returned from a very long and possibly very tiring trip, which he unfortunately had to shorten in order to be here for these discussions. $1 should like to thank. him very much, for doing that, and I wish to express the appreciation of my Government. During his trip the Secretary-General staykd for a night .in Athens. We have always been very happy to receive him in Athens and this time we had special reasons to appreciate greatly, his efforts with respect to the question of Cyprus. : !, 16. Since I have been called- on to speak and in order not to take the time of the Council on another occasion, I should like to refer to the statement made yesterday [1813th meeting] by the representa- tive of the Soviet Union. Mr., Malik referred in his statement to what the Foreign Minister of Greece had said at the twenty-ninth session of the General Assembly about the position of Greece on the question of the union of Cyprus with Greece. In referring to that, I believe that the representative of the Soviet Union implies a desire-to hear that position’again, if possible. I have no difficulty at all in reiterkting the position of my Government, .,which is against the union of Cyprus with Greece and against partition. I 17.. The PRESIDENT from Chinese): I now call on the representative. of Cyprus. / 18. Mr,. CLERIDES (Cyprus): I have found it necessary to ask to’be allowed to speak in [order to correct some inaccurate statements made by Mr., Celik;. who I believe waa,not correctly briefed on a number of facts. Before, going to that part of my s,tatement, I should like to comment upon the/remarks made by i Mr. Celik to the ‘effect. that the delegation here does not represent Cyprus that is.the’ reason why he was- allowed to 1 19. Mr. Celik immediately ,asked why,it was neces- sary to bring this matter before the Security Council. He went on to give a most inaccurate description of the intentions of the Cyprus Government in bringing this matter before the Council. ‘1 shall answer Mr. Celik’s question why it was necessary, although I did so extensively in my last statement. 3. 20. The reason why it *was necessary to bring this matter before the Council was, first, because there has been no implementation of General Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX) or of the relevant resolutions of the Security Council.. The only real fact that Mr. Celik contributed in his statement yesterday was the frank admission, for ivhich I am grateful to him, that indeed there has been no implementation of those resolutions: he gave an interpretation to the resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council to the effect that the withdrawal of the Turkish forces from Cyprus and the return of the refugees to their homes were intended to take place after a peaceful solution of the Cyprus problem had been reached. I do not agree with that interpretation, but I am sure that the Council .is in a better position than I to determine whether resolution 3212 (XXIX) and the relevant resoiutions of the Council, while speaking of respect for ‘the independence, sovereignty territorial integrity and non-alignment of the Republic of Cyprus,’ were intended to convey that foreign forces of occupation were to remain on the island until a solution of the ‘Cyprus problem was found. 21. Mr. Celik stated that if the Turkish forces were to be withdrawn from Cyprus there would be no security for the Turkish .Cypriots. In my statement of yesterday I said that, long before the’ second inva- sion of Cyprus,-after the first invasion had estab- lished a short beach-head in July-I had proposed that the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus’ (UNFICYP), enlarged .as necessary, could undertake the protection of the Turkish Cypriots, and all Govern-’ ment forces could be withdrawn from areas in which Turkish Cypriots werevliving. I am very happy’ the Secretary-General is here at thi,s meeting, because I will refer to a conversation I had with him during the second Geneva conference. Not only did I make’ the afore mentioned statement; when I was told that, because UNFICYP contained troops only from non-Moslem countries; it might be helpful if I accept the principle that contiugents from Moslem countries be included in it and’that areas inhabited by’Turkish Cypriots be placed utider the protection ,of. Moslem contingents in Cyprus, I immediately answered affirmatively, and I s&l that because we were a non- aligned country, because we believed in nonialign- ment, we would very ,much like to see contingents ‘ 3 the.Turkish Government call a peace-keeping operation to save the independence of Cyprus. 22. I now state that I am willing and propose, if the Turkish forces withdraw from Cyprus, to dismantle the National Guard, to hand over its arms to an enlarged peace-keeping force, agreeing also to the expansion of that force by the addition of non- aligned contingents, Moslem and others. At the same time I also propose to begin serious negotiations in Cyprus or to continue the intercommunal negotiations in Cyprus for the purpose of arriving at a solution freely-but not at gun-point. 23. Mr. Celik alleged that in 1963, we had expelled the Turkish members from the Government. That is far from the true situation. In 1963 there was regrettable intercommunal violence. As a result of that violence, the Turkish members of the Government, including the then Vice-President, Mr. Kii@k, left the Govern- ment. Mr. Kii$k himself publicly proclaimed that he was no longer Vice-President of the Republic of Cyprus but the President of the Turkish Cypriot community and its administration. Therefore it is quite clear that .Mr. KiiQik, the Vice-President, and his. ministers were not expelled by the Cyprus Government. 24. Furthermore, it has been alleged that the Greek Cypriot members of the House of Representatives expelled the Turkish members and that they had laid down conditions for their return that were unacceptable because the Turkish members were in fact expected to ignore the 1960 Constitution. The fact is that the Turkish members of the House of Representatives left it of their own free will. As soon as the fighting ceased and a peace-keeping force was established, one of the first things I did as President of the House of Representatives was to invite the Turkish members to a meeting in the presence of the Commander of the Force, the late General Thimayya, and ‘at that meeting the following arrangement was arrived at. First, the Turkish members would for safety reasons be escorted to the House of Representatives by UNFICYP. Secondly, while they were within the precincts of the House of Representatives, I and the Greek members of the House of Representatives would accept full responsibility and take the necessary measures for their protection. Thirdly, I explained to the Turkish members that as long as Mr. KiiGiik, the then Vice-President of the Republic, maintained the position that he was not the Vice-President of the Republic, I would not send him any laws enacted by the House for promulgation by him, as provided in 25. Those were the facts, and to show, that they were the facts I wish to state now, and have it noted, that since 1963, despite repeated elections in the House of Representatives, we have kept the places of the Turkish Cypriots vacant and have not taken unilateral action to fill those vacancies by electing Greek Cypriots. That is the reality of the situation. -__-_-_ ._--. 26. Mr. Celik objected also that even now,. at this moment, there are no Turkish Cypriots in the Govem- ment of Cyprus. Again I am happy the Special Repre- sentative of the Secretary-General, Mr. Weckmann- Muiioz, is in this chamber; he can correct me if what I say does not correspond to the truth. 27. As soon as the Sampson Government was forced to resign I asked Mr. Weckmann-Muiioz, together with General Prem Chand, to accompany me to the house of Mr. Denktas, which they very kindly did, while firing was still continuing in the Nicosia area. 28. What was the object of my visit? Inthe presence of Mr, Weckmann-Muiioz and of General Prem Chand, I saw Mr. Denktas-at that time I was the Acting President of the Republic-and made the following offer to him: that, together, we should form a Govern-’ ment, consisting of Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots, to occupy ministries in accordance with the provisions of the 1960 Constitution. Mr. Denktag, I must confess, showed interest in my proposal, but he informed me then and there that this was a matter on which he would have to consult with Turkey. He told me that he was flying to Turkey by helicopter next morning and that I would have the reply on his return. And indeed I got the reply on his return, which was that what I was proposing was not possible for the time being. 29. So why does Mr. Ceiik complain that there,are no Turkish members in the Government of Cyprus, when the fact is that the offer was made but was not accepted and we were told that it was not the time to do what we were proposing? 30. Mr. Celik attempted to convince us that the Turkish Cypriots were the co-founders of the inde- pendence of Cyprus and that in fact they are the defenders of that independence now. Let me refresh his memory. 31. It is a fact-and I shall not deny it, because I do not wish to state anything before the Security Council that is not accurate-that the struggle of the Cypriot people in 1955, which is known as the EOKA struggle, was waged for the purpose of obtaining independence and the union of Cyprus with Greece. It is a fact also-and Mr. Celik cannot deny it-that the Turkish .position .regarding union with Greece jand their position regarding partition or, as t e best alternative, remaining under colonial rule.. P .I 32:: It has been said that the Turkish side is defending the independence and the non-alignment. of the Republic. I do not think I shall be misstating’ the facts if I say that the Turkish side has never been ?in favour of non-alignemeni. Indeed,.! can establish that that is ‘the position by referring to the i concre’ e action taken by’ the then Vice-President of the Republic, Mr. KiiQik, when the Archbishop Idecided, b Presi- dent of the Republic of Cyprus, to participate in the First Conference of Heads of States or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, which took “place at Belgrade. Mr. Kiisiik threatened to use, and he actually did use, his right of veto on foreign policy td prevent the participation 6f Cyprus ‘in the non-aligned group. 33. With regard to Mr. Celik’s allegation that the Turkish side has been the defender of the r ndepen- dence and territorial integrity ef the Republit, let me refer to certain statements made by important Turkish politicians while they were ” in o&e as, \ Foreign Ministers or Prime Ministers ofthe Republic of;rurkey. : 34. As long ago as 1955 the then Foreign ‘Minister of Turkey, the late Mr. Zorlulunfortunately he was executed, for crimes ,he had not committed-made no secret, at the Tripartite Conference on the Eastern Mediterranean and Cyprus held in London in August and September 1955, of the fact that Turkey had claims on Cyprus. Mr. KemalSatii; a former Minis- ter of Turkey, said in a public statement “Cyprus will be divided into two sections n 1964: one of which will join Turkey’*. In June 1964, i Mrr Erkin, then Foreign Minister of Turkey, spelled it out clearly when he said during an interview with a newspaper: “The radical solution would be to cede one” part of Cyprus to Greece and the other, closest to the Turkish Asiatic coast, to Turkey”. Hardly three months later, on 8 September 1964, the ,former Prime Minister of Turkey, the late Ismet Iniinii; addressing !no less august a body than the Turkish National Assembly, said the following with reference to the Geneva talks of that year: “Officially we promoted the federation concept rather than the partition thesis so as td remain within the provisions of the Treaty”. On 18 April 1964, a secret document was issued by the then Prime Minister, the same Mr. InGnii, in which the pattitionist plan of Turkey, the well-known Attila Plan which we know has now been applied; was set out. ) 35, It w&Id be strange if eithk;Turkey or them burkish Cypriots, who have been committed to a policy of partition-which means that one tiart of Cyp.ru$ would become. Greek territory and another part of Cyprus I would ,become Turkish territory-were to j be the defenders of either the independence of Cyprus or the no&aligned policy. ‘,‘i 4 4 ..by Turkey of resolution 3212 {XXIX). I stated yesterday that I would not be sidetracked from that issue. Despite Mr. Celik’s attempts to sidetrack me, I shall stick to my original statement that, if necessary,L I would reply briefly to Mr: Ceiik and that I would be brief not because of lack’of proven facts or because of lack of convincing arguments but because I intend to try to maintain the crucial issue before the Council -that is, whether resolution 3212 (XXIX) has been implemented or whether ‘new procedures are needed. 37. I’ would add at this point that my statement yesterday that the situation in Cyprus has been aggravated, that there has been no implementation of resolution 3212 (XXIX);and that new procedures are needed has been borne, out by the statement made today by the Secretary-General. -38. Mr. Celik, referring ‘to a recent statement- by Archbishop Makarios, said,that the latter had publicly stated that he would not lower the standards of the struggle. It is the easiest thing in the world to take statements out of context and pretend to make something out of them. He omitted the first part of the statement in which. Archbishop Makarios said that we would not accept faits accomplis nor agree to solutions at gun-point, and that we would not lower the standards but would continue to fight until it was possible freely to reach a solution. 39. Mr. Celik also complained that-a national council had been set up! and he thought that was another piece of Greek Cypriot i chauvi&tic patriotism. The council which has been-set up, and of which I am an ex officio member, is a council on which all the leaders of political parties in Cyprus are represented. And I must say that all thosewho were invited ‘and have agreed to participate were,given the terms of reference for the solution of the:Cyprus problem, which are these: we accept independence, we accept non-align- ment, we accept a federal solution of the problem of Cyprus, and we accept a bicommunal federation. And that is another answer to Mr. C&k’s allegation that all we intend to do is ytreat the Turkish community as a mere minority: :;. y I 40. Offering 18 per cent of the population of Cyprus a national community, offering them participation in the Government in a tfederal system, offering them a substantial area in.‘the north which would be predominantly Turkish,i:to be governed by them, offering them other areas-1 ask you, is that the way in which minorities have been treated? Or have we gone beyond that and ‘reached the point where we are no longer taking into consideration the actual -.- 41. Mr. Celik complained that I have not been honest in not disclosing that I had contacts with Athens. Every time I have contacts with Athens a public statement is made, and I have no objection if Mr. Denktas has contacts with Ankara. I consider it natural, just as I consider it natural for me to have contacts with the Greek Government. What I consider unnatural, what I would never permit, is Greece dictating the solution to me or dictating what I am to do on each item-something that is happening on the Turkish side. I could give examples here that can be borne out not only by my own statements but by statements of other independent personalities. 42. An agreement was reached between Mr. Denktag and myself on the release of all prisoners of war; the agreement was concluded, it was being imple- mented, when, suddenly, the implementation of the agreement stopped. Mr. Denktas was very embar- rassed, because when I asked him about it during the Cyprus talks in the presence of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, he said that he wanted to stick by the agreement he made with me, that he had difficulties, with Ankara and that he was trying to clear the matter with Ankara. It took him one whole month before he could clear that matter. 43. Mr. Celik referred to another inaccuracy: to the “fact” that since we started the intercommunal talks in Cyprus on the substance of the Cyprus problem .the following priorities had been on the agenda: first, airport; secondly, seaports; thirdly, discussion of the powers and functions of the federal Government in a federated State. I did not prepare the agenda; the agendas were always prepared by the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, Mr. Weckmann-Mufioz. -There are many copies of those agendas. The agendas were agreed to by Mr. Denktas and me, and the order of discussion was: first, powers and functions of the central Govern- ment; secondly, airport; and at a later stage seaports were also added. So his statement is completely inaccurate. The reason why powers and functions were not discussed was Mr. Denktas’s repeated refusal to discuss them, on the ground that- he was not ready for such discussion. Because of that we dealt with such other problems as the airport, and at this 7-. - - - _ _ _ _ - point I wish to state what the Turkish position was with regard to even the temporary reopening of the airport. -44. The Turkish position was this: first, it did not -.-.-___ want the airport to operate under United-Nations control or supervision. Why? Because, in their opinion, the airport should be controlled and supervised by the three guarantor Powers, or at* least-as Mr. Denktas -the two managers, one Greek Cypriot and one Turkish Cypriot, and in case of disagreement the matter had ,to be referred to the guarantors to be decided.‘. Furthermore, they demanded that the entrance to the terminal building be controlled by the guarantor ,powers. Two separate entrances would have. to be made, one .from the Greek area and one from the Turkish area, to be controlled separately by’the Greek Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots. And, as .ifl that were not ‘enough, there was the most peculiar proposal regarding the FIR (Flight Information Region) system, by. which aircraft are guided to the airport, helped,to land and to take off. . . ,’ 45.‘; -That proposal really shows the true facts of the situation. The FIR was to be under two managers,. one Greek and one Turkish. If planes came to land at the Lamaca airport, which was under the control of the Greek Cypriots, the Greek staff of the FIR would deal with them. If aircraft came to the Turkish ,. airport, which the military had established in the area c:ontrolled by the. Turkish forces, the Turkish members would deal with such aircraft. If there was an interria- tional aircraft landing at the airport, there would be a’joint staff, and in the event of disagreement, while the aircraft was flying around the airfield we would have to ask the guara tor Powers to tell us what to do. ..,, ,i 46, .that..lwas the proposal which I had to how reject. But., furthermore, there was this point-a very interesting point. If there were not sufficient Turkish Cypriots ‘expert in the work of the FIR, we could not use Greemriots but should allow a number of _ .._. - .__~ __. experts from Turkey to come and work’at%sox That was. the proposal which was put before me in all seriousness, and I was expected to accept it. 47. Bout that Proposal was not the original four pr%rciples,which Mr. Weckmann-Muiioz had submitted to .us, and which both-and I say it in front df him- Mr.. Denktas and I accepted as a basis for negotiation. It .was ‘a completely new situation after Mr. Denktas had’asked for an adjournment- to discuss the matter further because, as he informed us, he was.expecting an *expert from Turkey to advise him on this issue. ‘;, 48. At the second meeting, after his exnert arrived. he put before us the propos%ls which I habe explained to the Council. It is true that subsequently Mr. Denktas said that.though he would not accept United Nations supervision of the airport, he was prepared to agree that a manager from .abroad-neither Greek nor .Tuikish nor British--could be brought in, but that, again,:he would have to, work under the supervision of the guarantor Powers.1 again rejected that proposal. Denktag 1 said: .“I cannot answer. I must get ‘instructions”. hnd after getting instructions, whether from ‘Mr.. {Celik or somebody else, he came back and said: “No, I cannot agree to this”. It is not’my purpose. to answer every point that Mr. Celik made, but there is one point which, despite my. desire to .be brief, I cannot resist replying to. And that is his statement; in the: presence of so many experts from the United Nations in this hall, that 13,000 Greek Cypriot refugees have- been allowed to return to their+homes: ! 50. That is a figment: bf,:his imagination. What actually happened is this. The small town of Athienou was abandoned by the Greek:Cypriots as the Turkish forces were approaching. a de facto cease-fire. The United Nations had There was then plackd posts between the small town or&-village and the Turkish forces. And the inhabitants-encouraged, they return. Athienou is in the area under the control of the Government. ,’ . ! , / 51. The Turkish generosity’& this: They say: “Yes they are in your area, tiut they4are within range of ou; guns. And because we are not :tiring our-/guns we have allowed you to go ,back, to your homes”. That is the fact of the’matter on the’question of the so called return of 13,000 Greek Cypriots .to their homes. In fact it is not 13,000; .it is simply 5,000 inhabitants of a town which has been spared the catastrophe of being looted because of a de facto cease-fire; because of the generosity of UNFICYPfn placing posts between the Turkish line and this village. And if we .are back -and I must ‘say that I am grateful-it ,is because the Turks are not firing their guns. If, on the basis of that philosophy, anything which is within irange of their guns is really under their’c&trol, then we should evacuate the whole town of Nicasia. Indeed, we should evacuate the’whole of Cyprus, because Cyprus is a small island and heavy <calibre artillery could easily hit targets from one- side almos,t to the other: // Now 1 come to what I 52. h&e to say with regard to Mr. Celik’s questioning why we speak of Greek Cypriot missing persons, and-how we ‘know that they- were not killed during the coup: My answer is this. We know the persons who were kiIIed in the coup; because they were killed fighting. There were other people near them. We have statements.from them. Those we want are the people who have not been killed in the colap and about whom there’&’ positive evidence that- y-- they have been arrested or ,takeniner$ by the. Turkish side and have never81$n found since. .-.I:_- ---- --. --.-- - - - -1_. 53. _- ,I Shall give only three examples. The first example is the following. One hundred,and forty people from arh after; this is the kind of missing persons. concerning whom I want freedom of movement for ,forces and brought to the Nicosia garage of Pavhdes, which was the centre where all prisoners were brought..This fact can ‘be established by indis- putable evidence. They ‘were seen there. In some cases, the International Committee of the Red Cross even has their names. ‘.‘: 60. Now. Mr. Celik has told us that we want’ to internationalize the Cyprus problem,, that we want ‘a committee of the Security : \ .i 54. Then one good morning Turkish lorries came. Forty names were called out. Those ,there to establish the realities, the true facts.’ He says that we are campaigning-as if we. were committing a crime-to internationalize the Cyprus problem. Mr. Celik’s statement suggested that the Turkish side are the angels and that we are the devils. If we’ are the devils, why does he object to ‘so named were taken to an unknown destination, and the Turkish side has not been able to:give an account of where they are or where they’can be found. I , i 55. I shall give another small example. In the village of fact-fin&Q commission of the Council go there and establish the facts and report to the Council? What Yidoussa, ‘13 people. were arrested. The fact that they were arrested has been admitted by Mr. Denktag, and there is other independent evidence. Amongst them there was a do- they have to hide that they do not permit the Red Cross to move freely, as we have allowed it to move freely on our side? Why do they not permit UNFICYP to have the same freedom of movement as that which we have given on our side? Greek’.Cypriot judge who was holidaying in that area. “From there they were moved, under escort of Turkish police; to a nearby Turkish village. Up to that point‘there is ample evidence that they were in the hands;of the Turks., But now, when I ask for them, I am told: “We do not have them”. 61. These are questions that can only lead ,,to ‘one conclusion-that those who fear not the light-of day, that those who are in favour of a fact-finding commission,, have nothing to hide, or very little to hide, and that those who try to oppose it have a lot to hide. 1,,, 56. And then let me refer to ,one most pathetic and regrettable incident-if incident is the right word for it. A family of Greek”Cypriots-that is to say, a father, a mother and three daughters, one of whom was married and had ., 62. I should like now to deal briefly with. another contention of Mr: Celik’s. He complains that we want to internationalize the Cyprus problem., Do we -a. 12-month-old baby in her arms-were shot in cold,,blood.‘The child was killed; the mother is now. an: invalid for life because her spine was injured. Althuugh the girl and one of the others who was wounded were in a Turkish military hospitalfor months, .not believe in the United Nations? Do we not believe in the Security Council? Why is internationalizing the Cyprus problem by bringing it to the theirnames were never given to us. I must say here frankly that I am grateful to Mr. DenktaS, who found them &nd returned at’ least the crippled is’ there such objection to coming before the Security Council and informing ydunglady, *ho is now in hospital abroad undergoing treatment. .~... : f, 57. Finally, one more incident, that of a young boy who has been missin$,’ like many young boys, and who we were told recently is in a Turkish hospital. ,. 58. Whether the Turkishside has honestly declared all the prisoners it hab’and not only those it freed -because between the, number of those they took and those they freed there is a ‘very wide gap-can be established by another fact. On one occasion I received information that in a police station near Mr. Denktas’s office there ‘were five undeclared prisoners of :war- Greek Cypriots. I immediately telephone+ the Secretary-General’s Special Representative and, accompanied by him, I went to Mr. Denktag’s offIce. I gave him the ‘inforr&tion and he went, to the Turkish police station, Although the Red Cross had repeatedly visited the pojice station, no trace had ever been found of the per&s concerned-because the Red Cross cannot move.freely. It has to give 48 hours’ notice in advance, and sduring those 48 hours the UNFICYP.‘.~’ : ‘, ,; :.: Cotmcil to go having a ._ .I ,world Organization such a crime that it annoys Mr. Celik or offends Turkey? Why ,it that General Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX) has not been implemented, that it will be necessary for a fact- finding commission to go there and see “for itself whether it has been implemented or. not&who ‘has implemented it and who has not? I ; ‘: / 63. And then, finally, why -does Mr. Celik want the talks in Cyprus to continue without the resolutions of the Security Council and the General: Assemblji being implemented? The reason to me is obviousl It is because with the presence’ of the ;Turkish forces in Cyprus holding 40 per cent &the territory of the Republic, he and the Turkish side have the ability to create faits accomplis which would prejudge the final outcome of the solution of the Cyprus problem: And, again, could the Turkish side afford to’permit a fact-finding mission to visit Cyprus? I say no, it could not afford it, because the’picture which it is prese’nting to the world-a picture of Turkey having undertaken a peace-keeping operation-would be destroyed immediately when, it was. established ,beyopd rea- sonable doubt by an independent inquiry from, this 64. I am a man who has committed himself to the independence of Cyprus, to its territorial integrity, to its non-alignment and to the principle of peaceful coexistence on the island of Cyprus. Not only because that is the only way that Cyprus can survive but also because, bearing in mind the tremendous risks of further tension in Cyprus for the peace of the eastern Mediterranean and in fact for the whole Mediterranean, I believe that there is an urgent need for the Security Council to take steps so that a reasonably early solution of the Cyprus problem may be found, a solution freely negotiated and freely accepted. I do not consider that our responsibilities concern Cyprus only; they also concern the peace of the world. 65. Even at this tragic period through which my country is going-and my country includes Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots-I am willing to stretch out my hand and take the hand of Mr. Celik and say: “Let us, without gun-point diplomacy and without armies of occupation, place our Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots under the protection of a peace- keeping force-remove the national contingents, remove the armies, remove the foreign interference, and let us, as true Cypriots, find that solution to the Cyprus problem that will bring about harmony, prosperity, peace and co-operation between my compatriots the Turkish Cypriots and my compatriots the Greek Cypriots’“. 66. The PRESIDENT Jionr Chitww): The next speaker is --the representative of Turkey, on whom I now call. (tr-trmlntion

I asked to speak after I had seen the representative of Greece ask to speak in order to make a statement that would not be longer than the one he made. It will be only slightly longer now as a result of the fact that one more Greek statement has been made. The representative of the 1ust now, called his compatriots. So much for that double talk. 68. On the other hand, I should like to adhere to the policy of my delegation of answering only representatives of Governments whose legitimacy we recognize. It gives me pleasure to be able to say that 1 could repeat word for word what my co!league of Greece said a few moments ago, even those remarks made in response to the representative of the Soviet Union. But that is a matterthat I shall deal with when I have the opportunity to make my statement on matters of substance. I 69. I should Iike it to be recorded that m Government attaches the greatest importance to the nvaluable efforts undertaken once more by the Secretary-General in the course of this week to r hJp the parties &oncerned on the Cyprus issue. His visit to Ankara is donsidered most fruitful by my Government and I wish to thank him publicly for it. i 70. Many revelations of off-the-record, on-therecord, secret, confidential, private and public conversations regarding many issues made by Mr. Clerides in reply to what the representative of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus, Mr. Celik, said,yesterday will no doubt have to be answered by Mr. Celik, When the time comes, Mr. President, I hope that you will kindly give him an opportunity to do so. 1 71. I had hoped that the Security Council would deal with matters of a loftier nature than gossip-type statements. Unfortunately, Mr. Clerides’ appearance here has not changed, as I had hoped it would, the form in which the Greek Cypriot side conducts the debates in the Council, and.1 am the first to regret it. 72. Despite all provocations, which unfortunately these days extend also to an unbelievably &rude anti- Turkish publicity campaign that I am tolb is going on in the’press in Greece, my delegation wi I continue all its efforts to maintain a dignified level o 1 debate in this chamber. I hope to be able to maintain! this stand up to the end of this series of meetings of th!e Council. 1 73. The, PRESIDENT Chirwse): I call on the representative of Cyprus. 1 Mr. CLERIDES (Cyprus): It was 74. not$my inten- tion, and it is not my intention now, to reply to the comments made by Mr. Olcay. However I should like to inform him that if his difficulty in ans 1ering me stems from the fact that he does not wish t$ recognize United Nations publications may be obtained from bookstores and distributors throughout the world. Consult your bookstore or write to: United Nations, Sales Section, New York or Geneva. COMMENT SE PROCURER LES PUBLICATIONS DES NATIONS Les publications des Nations Unies sont en vente dans depositaires du monde entier. Informez-vous auprk de votre g : Nations Unies, Section des ventes, New York ou Genive. KAK lIO.IY’IZITh ZI3AAHFifI OPI-AHH3A4BfW -COMO CONSEGUIR PUBLICACIONES DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS Las publicaciones de las Naciones Unidas casas distribuidoras en todas partes del mundo. Cons&e a su librero o Ventas, Nueva York o Ginebra. Litho in United Nations, New York 00300 UNIES les Iibrairies et les agences libraire ou adressez-vous OG%EAHHEHHhIX HAIWH estan en venta en librerias y dirijase a: Naciones Unidas, &cc&n de 82-61202-September I 3-2,200