S/PV.2573 Security Council

The first speaker is the representative of Cyprus. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement.

I should like at the outset to congratulate you, Sir, on your assumption of the presidency of the Council for the month of March, and to express my appreciation to Mr. Krishnan of India for the exemplary manner in which he presided over the work PC the Council in February. 4. Let me also express the grief of the people and the Government of the Republic of Cyprus on the passing away of Mr. Konstantin Chernenko, President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic;. President Chemenko will be temembered for the reputation he gained as a tireless worker for world peace and as a leader for the progress of the Soviet peoples. 5. It is with gmve concern that the Government of Cyprus views the latest Israeli operations and practices which the representative of Lebanon has brought to the attention of the Council in his statement of 28 February at the 2t&8th meeting, and the continued occupation of southern Lebanon. We express our deepest regret at the worsening situation which threatens peace and security in the area. 6. In this connection, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international conventions, more particularly the fourth Geneva Convention,’ are recalled, as is the applicability of tbe provisions of that Convention to the Lebanese territories occupied by the State of Israel. 7. The continuing Israeli practices and measures against the civilian population in southern Lebanon, western Bekaa and the Rashaya district are in violation of the rules and principles of international law, and in particular 9. We strongly reiterate the need for Council resolutions on Lebanon, particularly resolutions 425 (1978), 508 (1982) and 509 (1982), to be urgently implemented to ensure the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of lsraeli forces from all Lebanese territories. 10. The Government and people of Cyprus reaffirm their unfailing and full solidarity with the people of friendly and neighbouring Lbanon and reiterate support for the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and unity of Leb anon and for its right to exercise its sovereignty throughout its territory. II. It is earnestly hoped that urgent Security Council action, so necessary in bringing pace and stability to Leb anon, will finally be taken. 12. The Council has befote it dmft resohrtion S/17ooO, submitted by Lebanon. Its adoption by the Council would demonstrate a clear determination by the international community to ensure respect for the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and unity of Lebanon and its profound solidarity with and sympathy for its much tormented people.

The next speaker is the representative of Indonesia. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement.

Mr. President, allow me to preface my statement by expressing the senSe of loss and deep sympathy of my Government and my delegation on the passing away of Konstantin Chemenko, General f&- retary of the Communist Party of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. We are saddened that he is no longer with us at a time when the world has reached a critical juncture 15. I should like to begin by extending to you, Sir, the warm congratulations of the Indonesian delegation on your assumption of the presidency d the Council for this mlmth. We take particular satisfaction in seeing you in the Chair. because the country you represent, a fellow member of thz Movement of Non-Aligned Countries, is Indonesia’s near neighbour to the west across a span of water which, far from dividing our two countries and peoples, has historically contributed to the nurturing of close ties of friendship and cultural and political affinity between us. Your proven diplomatic skills and vast experience give us conftdence that the Council’s deliberations on the matter before us will be conducted in a most eflicacious way. I should also like to pay high tribute to your predecessor, Mr. Krishnan of India, for the exemplary manner in which he guided the Council’s work during the month of February. 16. My delegation’s participation in the Council’s debate is to express Indonesia’s sense of outrage at what is bap pening in Lebanon at present as a consequence of the brutal acts of terror unleashed by Israel against the civilian population of southern Lebanon, the western Bekaa and the Rashaya district. Our indignation is heightened given the fact that Israel is continuing and even escalating such practices in the face of numerortP Security Council msolutions and world-wide censure, and at the very time the Council is being seized of the question. Indeed, as we are meeting today the press ltas reported yet another barbarous raid against the village of Zarariyah causing indiscriminate destruction and a death toll of at least 30. 17. The representative of Lebanon, in his statements before the Council [256&h, #IO& and 257&d meetings] and in his letters to the Secretary-General, has recorded in graphic detail the atrocities that are being perpetrated by the Israeli occupation forces, including the siege of villages and towns. killin@, mass arrests and detentions, forced exile and the demolition of schools and homes. They paint a compelling picture of the humiliation, hardships and horrors to which the people in southern Lebanon have been subjected ever since the kuaeli invasion. lg. Thus while there is no need for me to go into further details, my delegation must register its particular revulsion at the incident involving tbe large-scale attack launched on the village of M’arakah. as described in document s/16997. Israel’s utter disregard for civilian lives and the sanctity of places of worship was appallingly demonstrated when, with cold-blooded premediration, the village mosque was blown up at a time when as many as 200 people were gathered inside. We condemn this dastardly attack and deeply regret the rsultant death and injury to so many innocent civilians. mate armed struggle of the people of Lebanon against foreign aggression and occupation-with terrorism, and then to react indiscriminately with the unbridled force of its war machine, can only be described as the height 01 insolence. Clearly Israel cannot hide behind the pretext ot self-defence to justify its illegal presence in southern Lebanon, nor ran it rationalize its inhuman acts and practices. Indeed. as the occupying Power. Israel must not be allowed to evade the onus of responsibility to the international community for its gross violation of the Charter of the United Nations, of the fourth Geneva Convention’ and of other norms of civil&d behaviour. 20. In the midst of these provocations, the constructive and statesmanlike attitude of the Lebanese Government has been most praiseworthy. We commend its sincere attempts to bring about an orderly and planned withdrawal of the Israeli occupation forces and to make arrangements to achieve security and stability after the withdrawal through the coordinated deployment of the Lebanesearmy in the vacated areas. 21. However. these efforts by Lebanon at ihe military talks in Naqoura under the commendable initiative of the Secretary-General were aborted due, inter uliu, to Israel’s refusal to provide a detailed timetable for its withdrawal. Instead, Israel has now embarked on a unilateral staged withdrawal-or, rather, redeployment-of its forces, thus presenting Lebanon and the United Nations with an atbitrary /ail accompli. 22. Israel’s intransigence in this regard and its unwilling ness IO allow the Lebanese army to play any role can only be seen as part and parcel of its persistent attempts to set up illegitimate local forces in southern Lebanon as a surr+ gate authority under its total control. It is with this same sinister motive in mind that Israel has wilfully viohted the terms of Security Council resohttion 425 (1978) by denying the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) forces access to areas south of the Litani River and attempting to remove United Nations personnel already deployed in those areas, My Government regards the implications of these developments with grave concern, as they directly contravene Council resolutions 508 (1982) and 509 (l982), the latter of which calls on Israel to withdraw all its military forces forthwith and unconditionally to theinternationally recognised boundaries and reaflirms the need for respect for the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Lebanon. 23. The world has witnessed time and again the futility of the use oi lorce as an instrument of conflict resolution. indeed. Israel’s invasion and occupation of Lebanon has not achieved for It any of its stated objectives. On the contrary. it has pushed the spiral of violence, death and destruction in the region to even greater heights. while embedding Israel in a quagmire of its own making from uhich it is now frantically trying to extricate itself. 25. In the fact of Israel’s open defiance. we trust the Council will act resolutely and with a sense of urgency to reassert its authority. We hope that the Council will speak with one voice in condemning the inhuman Israeli practices and measures against the civilian population in southern Lebanon, the western Bekaa apd the Rashaya district and in demanding that Israel desist forthwith from such practices. 26. The sovereignty. independence, unity and territorial integrity of Lebanon must be respected. The legitimacy and cffectivencss of the Lebanese army must be uphrld;all further unilateral acts by Israel should be stopped; and UNIFIL should be allowed to play the indispensable role entrusted to it by the relevant Security Council resolutions. 27. As the Co-ordinating Bureau of the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries has already done in the communiquC adopted on 6 March at its urgent meeting held in New York, the international community should extend full support to the efforts of the Lebanese Government to establish its authority over all of its territory and to its determination to restore peace and order in the areas to be vacated by Israel and to ensure the safety and security of the civilian populations in those areas. including the Palestinian refugees [S/f7008 annex, para. 4. 28. It is only by pursuing this course of action that the Council and the world community at large can eflectively address the awesome dimensions ‘of the tragedy in Lebanon. 29. The Indonesian Government and people have followed the unfolding of recent developments in Lebanon with feelings of deep distress and mounting concern. At this time my delegation wishes to reiterate its full sdidarity with and support for Lebanon and its fraternal people in their quest for peace and justice in unfettered independence and sovereignty.

Thr: next speaker on my list is the representative of Nicaragua. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement.

At the outset I should like on behalf of my delegation, Government and people to convey to the Soviet Government and people our sorrow atrd condolences on the death of Konstantin Cherncnko. the General Secretary of the Cen:ral Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and President of the Presidium of the Suprcmc Soviet. WC are convinced that his successor in such lofty responsibiiitics will pursue efforts to ensure international peace. coexistence and the dcvelopmcnt of peoples. as did Mr. Chcrnenko in his activities. the principles cl’ non-alignment in our international conduct. This, together with the special affection and admiration we feel for you, which can be explained by your wellknown devotion to justice and your great experience in the diplomatic world, assures us that the Council is indeed in good hands. 33. Similarly. I should like to express our thanks IO Mr. Natarajan Krishnan of India for the way in which hc guided the proceedings of the Council last month. 34. As this is the lint time we have spoken before the Council this year, after having completed our two-ye?r term as a non-permanent member, 1 should like to thank all delegations with which we have worked. We should like to extend to them equal co-operation on the basis of friendship and respect in all areas of the United Nations. Our congratulations go to the new members of the Council, convinced that they will discharge their responsibilities and help this body discharge the functions entrusted to it by the Charter of the United Nations. 35. Approximately six months ago, when we were still members of the Council, it considered Israeli practices in occupied Arab territories [2552nd to 2556th meetings]. At that time-and not because of our position nor the position of the non-aligned countries, which have always had a clear position on the situation in the Middle East-the Council was unable to adopt a draft resolution that basically emphasized humanitarian considerations [S/167323. 36. The current situation that we are considering, involving Israeli practices perpetrated against the population of southern Lebanon, western Rekaa and the R&aya district. regarding which the representative of L&anon has on three occasions in the course of this debate [256&h, 2570th and 2572nd meetings] given us a great number of facts, proves that the Council’s silence is invariably interpreted by Israel as constituting a blank cheque for it to pursue its policy of expansionism and illegal occupation of Arab territories, extermination of the Palestinian people and terrorism against the Arab population in general. 37. Today’s newspapers carry new articles on events transpiring in southern Lebanon that are linked to other events perpetrated by the Israeli occupation forces in M’arakah and Beirut last week. Many innocent lives have been lost. Reference has been made to the existence of a “spiral of violence”. a “vicious circle” of violence. However. if we do not look further than that assertion, which is designed to define an apparent reality. we see simply an attempt-often unintentional, but sometimes wtth ill intent-to hide the real causes of the violence. Here we have an illegal occupation of part of the territory of a sovereign country;. an illegal occupation that has lasted several years. flying tn the face of clearly expressed resolutions of the Council-in particular, resolution 509 (1982), which demands “that Israel withdraw all its military forces forthlations in the illegally occupied territories, involves a constant and systematic disrespect for the most fundamental rights of those populations. The occupying Power itself does not hesitate to describe it as an “iron list” policy. 38. I shall not repeat here the endless chain of examples that make a realitv of this “iron fist” policy. I need only mention the inva;on of M’arakah. south of the Litani. The barbaric acts committed by the occupyiug forces. culminating in the blowing up of the mosque in which 200 innocent people had sought refuge, are a clear example of the “spiral of violence” many representatives have mentioned here. 39. How many times will it be necessary to repeat and recall these deeds and concepts? There is an increasingly clear deliberate tendency to subvert language and falsify facts. Therefore. we could not but show our perplexity when we heard a permanent member of the Council state at one of the recent meetings: “The Charter of the United Nations tells us that its central tenet must be freedom from fear, freedom from threats against the territorial integrity or political independence of a State, freedom from threats against any Member of the United Nations-certainly against any member of the Security Council” [257Oth meeting, pro. 127) We could not help showing our perplexit. when we heard that same member say: “No process of discussion, debate, compromise and rational decision-making can possibly take place under the threat of violence” [ibid. pra. 1311. Said by any other Member of the United Nations of the Security Council, that would be no more than the reafftrmation of a principle that we all believe in and jointly defend, and on which our international conduct is based. In view of who said it, we have only two alternatives: either we should congratulate that representative on what seems to be an intention by her country to conduct its policy in accordance with an unalterable principle of the Charterin which case we should ask her to advise its President to conduct himself similarly-or we should interpret those words as a mere statement totally lacking in seriousness. 40. Our position with regard to the situation in Lebanon has been clear from the very outset. and it became even clearer during the two vears we served as a non-permanent member of the Council. That position is fully .in accordance with the position frequently stated by the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries-most recently. in its communique of 6 March [S/17&%, OMPX]. It can be summed up as follows: full support for the relevant resolutions of the Council, in particular resolutions 425 (1978). 50R (19X2) and 509 (1982). the latter of which calls for the immediate nese territory, practices and measures in flagrant contravention of the provisions of the fourth Geneva Convention.’ Finally. our position is one of unconditional and unreserved support for the sovereignty, independence, non-alignment and territorial unity and integrity of Lebanon. and for the people at,.’ the Government of Lebanon in their just struggle against ttie occupying forces. 41, WC hope that on this occasion the Council will measure up to its responsibilities in voting for the draft resolution before it [S/17ooO], whose provisions entirely accord with my Government’s position on this matter.

The next speaker is the representative of Poland. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement. 43, Mr. NOWAK (Poland): The delegation of Poland wishes to express its sorrow at the passing away of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, Konstantin Ustinovich Chemenko. Together with the fraternal Soviet people, we mourn the passing of their leader, who devoted his life to selfless and tireless creative labour to benefit his own people and country and to setve the cause of peace in the world at large. Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko won sincere respect in my country and contributed to deepening relations between Poland and the Union of Soviet Socialist . Republics, Permit me to convey to the delegations of the Soviet Union and the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. and through them to Comrade Chemenko’s family and the people of the Soviet Unron, our condolences and expression of profound sympathy and great sorrow. .44. Allow me at the outset to congratulate you, Sir, on your accession to the ptesidency for this month. May I express our confidence that your diplomatic skills,experience and wisdom will contribute to the dliciency and fruitfulness of the Council’s deliberations. 45. At the same time. I wish to express the sincere appreciation of my delegation to Mr. Krishnan, the representative of India. for the way in which be guided the Council’s proceedings in February. 46. The delegation of Poland asked to be invited to speak before the Council in order to express the Polish Govemment*s concern and indignation over the Israeli acts of repression in southern Lebanon and to s~f~pport the demands of Lebanon. namely, to stop Israel! measutts against the civilian population and to withdraw its military forces forthwith and unconditionally to the internationally rccopnized boundaries of Lebanon. 47. Every day brings new reports of widespread Israeli repressiic measures which are exacerbating tensions. deeppolicy, poses I serious threat to peace and security not only in the region but also in the world at large. 48. The delegation of Poland fully shares the opinion repeated by the majority of delegations speaking before the Council that the actions of the Israeli occupation authorities are in clear violation of the principles cf the Charter of the United Nations, the provisions of the fourth Geneva Convention’ and other norms of international law. The Israelis’ attempts to vindicate the actions of their occupying forces boil down to trying to justify a policy based on the use of force and claim the legitimacy of a threat to the territorial integrity, independence and sovereignty of another State. That reasoning cannot be accepted by the international community and should be rejected. Furthermore. whatever may be the claims of the Israeli authorities. it is the aspirations of the Lebanese people to sovereignly and full control of its internal affairs that are legitimate and based on principles of international law. 49. It is the invasion by Israel of Lebanon in June 1982 and its repeated acts of repression that initiated the circle of violence. The general policy of the Israeli authorities. supported by their strategic ally, the United States. can lead only to the deepening of the crisis and the intensification on a broader scale of the threat of conflagration in this very sensitive region. 50. The solution of the Lebanese problem lies in the speedy implementation of Council resolutions 508 ( 1982) and 509 (1982), in whose drafting and unanimous vote the delegation of Poland had the honour to participate in 1982 as a non-permanent member of the Council. Israel should be made to abide by its obligations under the fourth Geneva Convention and the norms of international law. The Israeli inhuman practices must be stopped and the Israeli forces must withdraw forthwith. The safety and security of the civilian population, including that of the Palestinian refugees, should be safeguarded. 51. ‘Ihere is another point to which my delegation wishes to draw the attention of the Council. This is the situation of UNIFIL. Speaking before the Council on 7 March (2570//t meef@]. the representative of Lebanon pointed out that Israel had no respect for UNIFIL. a Force which continues to be the agent of Security Council decisions. There were distressing reports of disrespect towards UNIFIL and obstruction of its carrying out its mandate. 52. Let me recall that since October 1973 Polish soldiers have been serving in the Middle East under the United Na!inrtr flgg. fin! ifi !k I_l~+j +tin- Em.=+---*, IL*,.- . . . . ...*.. .A..-,~-“C, . Y.-- and then, until this day. in the United Nations Di.sengagement Observer Force. With their dedicated service. Poland is doing more than giving merely verbal support to the cause of peace in the region. Therefore. as a country deeply interested in strengthening United Nations peace-keeping functions in conlormity with provisions of the Charter and decisions of the Council. Poland follows IlNIFll.‘s situaromplctc withdrawal and in safeguarding peace in the region in the future. 53. To conclude, my delegation wishes to add its voice to the voices of other delegations which have appealed to the Security Council to implement the provisions of its resolutions on Lebanon urgently and unanimously. 54. Tbc PRESIDENT (inrerprerotion from French): I should like to inform members of the Council that 1 have received a letter from the representative of Nigeria in which hc requests IO be invited to participate in the discussion of the item on the agenda. In conformity with the usual practice. I propose, with the consent of the Council, to invite him to participate in the discussion, without the right to vole. in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Charter and rule 37 of the provisional rules 01 prwcdurc. AI the invitation of the Resident, Mr. Garba (Nigeria) took the place resewed for him at the side of the Cototcil chamber.

I invite the representative of Nigeria to take a place at the Council :able and 10 make his statement.

On behalf of the Nigerian delega!ation. I wish first of all to join the delegations which have preceded ours in expressing our deepest condolences to the people and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialis Republics on the passing away of Mr. Konstantin Cherncnko. General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. Mr. Chemenko’s death is a 1~ not only to his great country but to the whole world. The world has indeed lost a great leader in the fight for peace and the struggle against imperialism and neo-colonialism. I should like to request my colleague, Mr. Troyanovsky. to convey the sympathy of the Nigerian delegation LO the bereaved family and to the people and the Government of the Union of Soviet So&list Republics. 57. May 1 extend our heartiest welcome to you, Sir, on your assumption of the ofVice of President for this month. WC arc delighted with your presidency at this particular time. WC arc mindful of the importance of your position. and WC arc thus pleased with the circumstance of your stecrinp these deliberations. 5X. I would like also to place on record our deep appreciation of the stewardship of your immediate predecnwr. our rcspcctcd colleague Mr. Krishnan of India. 50. M\ dclcgation has liscened with interest 10 the statemcnts c;n the important subject before the Council. We haw all followed closely the events that have been unloltfing in Ixhanon over the past few years. WC have territory by Israel has crcatcd a vcrv dangerous situation inimical to peace and security in the entire arca. The circumstances alone are repugnant, hut even worse, the Israeli occupation armed forces have rcsorled to scvcral practices and mcasurcs against the unarmed population in the areas under their occupation. These practices not only constitute a gross violation of the norms and principles of international law upon which the relationships bcrwcm States are founded but in fact dircctlv violate the provisions of the fourth Geneva Convention.’ This situation should not be allowed to continue. 60. It is also disturbing and sad to note that 111~ crisis in Lebanon has continued in spite of the action of lhe Council in the past. On scvcral occasions. the Council considered developments in Lebanon. cspccially those with serious implications for the international community, and adopted resolutions urging the parties to crcatc conditions for peace and negotiations. The resolutions have gone unheeded. and quite unfortunately and regrettably. the Council itself has not been able to implement its own resolutions. 61. It will be recalled, for instance, that in 1978 the Council adopted resolution 425( 1978), whichduly recognised the deteriorating situation in the region and its consequences for the maintenance of international peace and called for strict respect for the territorial integrity. sovereignly and political independence of Lebanon within its internationally recognized boundaries. It further called on Israel immediately to cease its military action against Lebanon and withdraw forthwith its forces from Lebanese territory. 62. Again, in 1982, the Council noted the continuing and unabated dtiwioration in the situation in Lebanon and adopted two resolutions: resolution 508 (1982) and resolution 509 (1982). There is no better testimony to the seriousness of the situation and the resolute commitment of the Council to arrest or repair an unacceptable situation. 63. In resolution 509 (1982). the Council demanded that Israel should withdraw, forthwith and unconditionally, all its military forces to the internationally recognised boundaries of Lebanon. That call was ignored, and the international community again stood by helplessly while national obduracy prevailed over international good oflices and admonition. 64. We are unhappy and disturbed by the persistent hallmark of total disregard of the Council’s resolutions in mattrc rnaining to the Middle East and Lebanon. The situation whereby resolutions are adopted but their provisions remain unimplemented and deliberately ignored can continue only with prospcts of severe consequences for the role envisaged for the Security Council as the principal organ charged with the maintenance of international pcacc and security. In the present circumstances. it will not suffice for the Council merely to adopt another rrsolution 65. Nigeria for its part reaflirms its support for the efforts of the Government of Lebanon to extend its authority over all its territory and its determination to restore peace and order and to ensure the safety and security of its civilian population. including the Palestinian rcfugcecs in the various camps.

The next speaker is the representative of Saudi Arabia. 1 invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statcmcnt.

On behalf of the delegation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, I express our sincere condolences on the death of President Chcrnenko to Mr. Troyanovsky and the Soviet Union delegation and, through them, to the bereaved family and the people and Government of the Soviet Union. The world-wide echo of the Soviet Union’s great loss is evidence of the high esteem in which the President was held. The world has lost a great leader at a time when it needs his wisdom in the efl’orts and endeavours being made to solve complicated international problems. 68. Mr. President. in addressing the Council for the second time in two weeks. it gives me pleasure to reiterate the expression of my conlidence that your wisdom and experience will lead us to the results that will give the Charter of the United Nations its due and satisfy the expectations of peoples which look to the United Nations to uphold their Charter-enshrined rights and to adopt a resolution that c.vill express the message of truth on behalf of us all. 69. RepKsentatives are all aware of what is now going on in Lebanon: Israeli troops of occupation and destruction have invaded Lebanon, an independent State and a Member of the United Nations. Israel, supported by an overwhelming war machine and a sense of immunity from punishment, attempted to take over all of Lebanon. But right was stronger than Israel and punishment awaited it. It is now leaving Lebanon. hating been defeated in every objective except the criminal aim of killing the innocent and destroying the country. 70. The Israeli authorities, emboldened by all the military assistance and political support that they are getting, think they will be able to crush the will of peoples. But we know. and big Powers know very well from experience-a . ._. ulttcl eqklielti hi IiiuS ca.x%---iiiai a jX@ d&i&fig kj land. religion and honour. whether that land be Lebanon or Palestine. will never be defeated. This is now known to the Zionist war machine from experience. no matter how it or the Powers which support it try to ignore this basic human reality. The same fate that has befallen those who have pursued .ruch a course awaits anyone who would li)ll~w in their path. It is inevitable that those who have human nature and know that time is working againt them. Throughout the last 38 years of battles, invasion campaigns, individual and collective attacks and crimes ol every type and dimension, this reckless force has failed to subjugate peoples wilich reject this tyranny and cling to their rights to the end. 72. Although Hitler’s Nazi war machinery set the pattern of collective and individual brutality and murder. tbc Israeli authorities have now surpassed him. And just like Hitler’s, their end will be inevitable if the world dots not stop them before it is too late. 73. What is the Israeli army of invasion doing on the soil of Lebanon, an independent country? What crimes it is committing: encircling villages, subjecting the people to the ugliest terrorist operations. attacking schools, holy places and medical clinics, kidnapping patients from hospitalseven from operating rooms. firing recklessly on the population-men, women, the elderly and children-using all the instruments of murder and destruction, from ritles and cluster bombs to tanks and aeroplanes. 74. Those crimes began against the Arab people of Palestine, and are continuing, with the same ugliness and criminality, against the Arab people of Lebanon. Rights arc being stolen and trampled upon in Lebanon. in Palestine and in the Golan. The invasions, &rimes and excesses which are being brazenly committed day and night are well known to United Nations observers and are confirmed by all independent observers. 75. From previous speakers the Council has heard in sutlicient derail about the crimes committed by the retreating Israeli army of invasion, which failed when confronted by the will of the Lebanese b -3pfe. As members of the Council, we cannot fail to adrpt a resolution in keeping with at least our minimum responsibilities under the Charter. The members of the Council bear a grave responsibility regarding global and regional peace and security, and an even graver responsibility regarding their commitment to the Charter and to the norms of international conduct. I must note that certain current attempts to make it difftcult for the Council IO adopt a resolution constitute a serious attempt to divert the Council from its most important basic responsibilities. 76. What, then, is Lebanon. along with every unbiased and fair-minded person, asking of the Council? It is asking for a resolution in which the Council reaftirms its principles and upholds the Charter. in which it reinforces the stand it took in its resolutions 508 (1982) and 509 (1982). Them is before the Council a draft resolution [S/f7ouo] --Ad-L -a- AA rrL4nmm *hot elan Pcrtmc-il pca~ qr(nnl -,,I&*, rcpc*c,rw Y,. w . . . . *I**“... .I._. a..- -......e.. -,. in keeping with its Ieve. of international credibility. On behalf of my country, I express the hope that the Council will respond positively to the Lebanese complaint. in accordance with the spirit and the ktter of the Charter. and I call on all Council members to fullil their responsibility to adopt a resolution by which the (‘IZNCII can thscharge its duty. have tried to displace from their own homes. The failure to make Israel comply with resolutions SO8 (1982) and 509 (19X2) is one of the tBctors that have encouraged it to commit the crimtzz of which Lebanon is complaining now. 7X. Among the absurdities put forward in this chamber in an attempt to justify the Israeli crimes was the talk about Lebanon’s relations with its neighbours and about relations among the various factions of the Lebanese people itself. Is that Israel’s concern? Is Israel Lebanon’s guardian? Will Israel continue to fabricate pretexts for committing its expansionist crimes whenever it wants to. first in Palestine and then-who knows where? 79. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia supports Lebanon and supports the people of Lebanon. It supports the rights and territorial integrity of Lebanon. and it condemns in the fullest sense of that word the crime of the invasion of Lebanon. We condemn what Israel has perpetrated during its mad invasion and what, having failed, it is perpetrating during its retreat. We condemn the crimes committed by the Zionist forces, forces which were tyrannical because of their presence in Lebanon in the tint place and which are now utterly tyrannical in their individual and collective attacks against a free people which is trying to secure the freedom of its country from the yoke of injustice. colonialism and oppression. The Zionist forces of invasion do not differentiate between women and children, young men and old men: they murder them all collectively. 80. Many members of the Council glorified acts of national resistance during invasions of their countries by foreign forces, and they must understand those who are dying in defence of their religion, their honour and their country against a terrorist invasion whose sole objective is domination and colonisation. 81. If the Israeli authorities want peace and security for their people, the road they must follow is known and clearly marked. That road has already been demarcated by the Arabs and has been rejected by Israel. The road taken by the Israeli authorities, the road which they have been following since 1948. has not only increased their fears and vulnerability, but has heightened their sense of foreboding about an uncertain future, which is like the future of any criminal who is pursued by the law wherever be turns. 82. I am fully confident that the members of the Council will not hesitate once again to express what is right. 1 would add that the friends of the Israeli authorities could h.. ‘-J mnr* c‘awicc ,,a tkcm ho ,*u;.a‘a ll.eH . ..L.r L A-La -- _. _..-._ ..-. ..-- .” . ..-*a* Y, .‘.““,$, L l.... . “‘MA. w rrp,, than by pretending that what they are perpetrating is right while knowing full well that it is an evil which will turn against the perpetrator. X3. On hcl~ll’ of my country. I express the hope that the Council wili %cditc the adoption of the draft resolution .iddrrssinp thr: problems of I&anon and constituting an of the Charter, then it will not be Lebanon, or the hbanese people, or the heroic inhabitants of southern Lebanon who will have failed: they are victors in any cvcnt, while Israeli methods will prove self-defeating and. in the long run, will turn against those who support them. 84. 1 have no doubt that we all appreciate the gravity 01 the issue before the Council and the importance of the Council’s taking a correct stand that will enhance the credibility of the United Nations, impressing its respectability upon everyone. 85. The PRESIDENT (inrerpretution from Fred& The next speaker is the representative of Senegal. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement.

Yesterday, in this chamber, there was a very moving rribute to an illustrious Soviet leader, Mr. Konstantin Chcrnenko, PnGdent of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. His many qualities were described-above all, the initiatives he took in the context of d&ente among nations. I am sure that those initiatives will be pursued, to the benefit of the world and in keeping with the Charter of the United Nations. My delegation would ask Mt. Troyanovsky to be good enough to transmit the condolences of the Senegales delegation on the occasion of this great loss. 87. Like many previous speakers, I should like. Sir, at the outset to extend to you my congratulations and best wishes for success in your term as President of the Council. You are the dean of the African diplomatic corps in New York-not because of your age but because of your lengthy se&e here. We know that your great experience. your diplomatic skills and the confidence you enjoy within the Organization provide the best guarantee of the success of our deliberations. 88. Your predecessor, Mr. Krishnan. the represcntativc of India, also deserves a tribute for the authority and competence with which be led the Council’s work in February. 89. As this is the first time that I have addressed the Council this year, I take this opportunity to congratulalc all the countries that became members of the Council at the beginning of’ 1985. ! wish also to thank members of the Council for having been good enough to allow me to partip--e iii [hi5 &bie* 90. nK Council’s present discussion, which began on 2X February [256&h meeting]. demonstrates. if that were still necessary. the deep concern that the situation in L&anon continues to evoke in the international community. A direct outgrowth of the wider conflict that has beset the Middle East for some four decades. the tragedy that rhc in occupied Lebanon. 91. We have said in previous statements before the Council, and we can never repeat enough, that the magnitude of the stakes involved in Lebanon requires that all the States Members of the Organisation-particularly the members of the Security Council, and above all Israelseriously commit themselves to enabling the Council to discharge its essential task: the promotion of peace and stability in a Lebanon which through ourjoint efforts shall have regained its identity. This brotherly country has the right to recover its territorial integrity so that it can continue to make its positive contribution to the attainment of the purposes of the Charter of the United Nations. This country which has always set an example of communal life, regardless of religious or ethnic considerations, should be given the necessary encouragement and assistance so that its example may be followed by others. 92. In this connection, we believe that the draft resolution now before the Council [s/17ooo] contains all the elements that could restore peace to Lebanon and enable it to regain its independence and its territorial integrity. By demanding that Israel put an end to its occupation of Lebanese territory and commit itself to full respect for the provisions of the Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the fourth Geneva Convention.’ this draft resolution, if adopted, would be a decisive element for the restoration of peace in Lebanon and, above and beyond that, for the settlement of the wider problem of the Middle East. of which the Lebanese tragedy is only one aspect. 93. My country, Senegal, whose commitment and dedication to the cause of peace in the Middle East in general and in Lebanon in particular have never faltered-and eloquent testimony to this is provided by the recent joint communique issued at Cairo after the official visit by the Senegalese head of State, Mr. Abdou Diouf. IO Egypt from I to 5 March-takes this opportunity to draw the international community’s attention once again to the urgent need to redouble its efforts by taking a fresh look at the question of the Middle East. 94. As I have said. the present situation in Lebanon is but a reflection of a much wider situation-that is, the situation in the Middle East in all its aspects, and in particular the Palestine question, to which a just and lasting solution must be found. As everyone knows, until an L----...-I-,- --l... :-- ._ .L-. __...... :-.. I.,- La c ^.._ A ,.I.. ,,“,,““,fJ”,‘ .W,“,I”,‘ L” OUI, LpCJII”,, a1oJ -**I a”“..“, UL’, initiative. no ma!:er how praiseworthy, may well meet with failure. On the basis of that objective international fact, my delegation believes that the Council, because of its responsibilities and in the light of the appeals by the General Assembly. should undertake a study of the best ways and means for convening an international peace conference on the Middle Fast. political will, we have available now all the elements that should enable us to achieve, with honour and dignity and in an atmosphere of restored conlidencc. a just and thercfore lasting peace in the Middle East. We shall thereby make a great contribution, on the eve of the commemoration of the fortieth anniversary of the United Nations. to giving concrete form to the theme of that anniversary: “The United Nations for a better world”.

The next speaker is the representative of Pakistan. 1 invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement. 97. Mr. Shah NAWAZ (Pakistan): I should like to begin my settlement by expressing our deep sympathy and profound condolences to Mr. Troyanovsky and the entire Soviet delegation and to the bereaved family on the passing away of Konstantin Chemenko, President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, We share the grief and sorrr)w of the Government and the people of the Soviet Union at the loss of their great leader and outstanding statesman. whose absence from the international scene will be felt throughout the world. 98. Your assumption of the presidency of the Council for the month of March. Sir, is a source of great satisfaction to my delegation. The admirable manner in which you have guided the important deliberations of the Council during this very active month has won you our profound respect and testifies to your diplomatic skills and vast experience of international affairs. I am confident that your leadership will prove to be a great asset to the Council in carrying out its heavy responsibilities. I also wish to convey our sincere congratulations and pay a high tribute to Mr. Krishnan, of India. for the success with which he conducted the work of the Council last month. 99. Pakistan is deeply anguished by the intolerable situation prevailing in southern Lebanon. where the withdrawing Israeli troops are wreaking vengeance on the Lebanese civilian population and subjecting innocent men, women and children to indescribable acts of brutality. It is the innocent who suffer most from the terror unleashed in callous disregard of its consequences. In his statements of 28 February. 7 March and yesterday [2568/h. 2570th und 2572ndmeefingsJ, as well as in the several communications he addressed to the Council. the representative of Lebanon has given details of the atrocities being committed by the L-.x .--- :.. --,, L... , Aw...,.~ -l-ha *eoFcl,;,,n aDlrl .J,UCII rrwpo 2.1 .N”,.IC..I U”“,,“,,. .*.- Y-.*-h.-.*“.. -1.w destruction of Husseynjah Mosque in M’arakah. at a time when it was filled with worshippers. caused the death of I6 and injuries to 45 innocent persons. This violent action reflects Ismel’s callous disregard for the sanctity of Islamic religious places in the occupied territories. Israeli rcpression is continuous and omniprcscnt. One wndrn u-hrrc this gory H’J\C of so-called reprisals will end. ‘l’hrcc da!s 100. The latest phase of violent Israeli actions in southcm Lebanon is well chronicled in the international press. In the 7 March Issue of’ 77~ Times of London Robert Fisk, a celebrated observer oV the Middle East scene, reported from Tyre that this ichanese city had been turned into a place of terror and violence as a result of indiscriminate shootings. arrests, repeated curlews and house-to-house scarchrs by the lsraeli forces. Similar circumstances were reported from M’arakah, in the 8 March issue of ?‘?re New York Times, by John Kifner, who managed to slip into southern Lebanon before it had been cordoned off by the Israeli army for foreign journalists. Giving an eye-witness account of the ruthless measures and practices adopted by the occupation troops in pursuit of the so-called iron-fist policy, Kifner reported growing resistance on the part of the local population against Israeli occupation. He observed that the anger and the increasing militancy of the population in southern L&,.an were entirely attributable to prolonged occupation and repressive measures by Israel. 101. Since the Israeli invasion of 1982. Lebanon has seen much bloodshed and violence and remains a dangerously inflamed area, threatening international peace and security. The continuation of the Israeli occupation has deepened the resentment of the local people and intensified resistance against it. The grim events of the past few days show that the chain of violence will not break as long as the Israeli presence lingers in southern Lebanon. Every new wave of terror will only serve to sow seeds of greater bitterness and hatred. Such violence will never succeed in breaking the spirit of the dauntless people of southern Lebanon. whose heroic sacrifices in the cause of freeing their homeland from Israeli occupation deserve our respect and admiration. 102. It is ironic that Israel should engage in terrorism in southern Lebanon at a time when many Arab leaders have taken initiatives reviving prospects of negotiations for peace in the Middle East. Israel has responded to these new initiatives not only by rejecting them out of hand but also by intensifying its repression in the lands it occupies. Israeli actions serve to diminish the hope that a negotiated peace settlement is achievable. Israel’s refusal to provide a definitive time frame for its complete withdrawal from southern Lebanon has caused a deadlmk in the Naqoura talks. making its pronouncement of withdrawals suspect and betraying a design on its part to maintain its stranglehold over parts of Lebanese territory. 103. There is no denying the fact that the alternative to a negotiated settlement is an increasing spiral of violence and bloodshed in which the aggressor will not escape rctribution and suffering. It is also clear that the indispensable condition for a negotiated settlement is a speedy Israeli withdrawal from the occupied territorieh. Israel has the choice of .securing PCC by returning the occupied territories to their lawful Arab and Palestinian owners. Thih is IO 104. The campaign of terror unleashed in southern Lebanon damages the credibility of the assumption that Israel could he made to terminate its occupation through a negotiated settlement. Israel has paid little heed to the repeated demands of the international community, including those of the Council, for the withdrawal of its troops from Lebanon. Its behaviour shows no sensitivity to world opinion or norms of international law. Hitherto the determined struggle of the Lebanese population alone has been responsible for frustrating Israel’s expansionist ambitions. which were barely concealed at the time of its invasion. 105. In response to the complaint made by Lebanon, the least the Council can do is to remind Israel of the Council’s demand for its immediate and unconditional withdrawal from Lebanese territory to the international border and strict compliance with the 1949 Geneva Conventions.! The adoption of the draft resolution which has been presented by Lebanon [S/17ooa] would serve this purpose. It would also send a clear message to Israel of the illegality of its occupation of southern Lebanon and of the censu’ nf its repression by the international community. Obstructron of this dmft resolution will not protect Israel from the rising militancy against its occupation, nor will it becalm the accompanying violence. It will only df3l a blow to the current peace efTort, which needs to be sustained by all those desirous of seeking a peaceful solution of the Middle East conllict. 106. I take this opportunity to express the solidarity of the Government and the people of Pakistan with the Government and the people of Lebanon in their struggle to free their country from foreign occupation, and to express also the conftience that their heroic struggle will be crowned with BUCCCIIB,

The next speaker is the representative of the Sudan. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement. IO& Mr. OMER (Sudan) (hmprehWrt from Arubic): My delegation has learned with deep sorrow of the passing away of the Soviet leader, Konstantin Chernenko. General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. While sharing the sorrow of the members of the Soviet delegation at the passing away of Mr. Gernrnko, we wish. through Ihem. to convey our sincere condolences to the Soviet people on their great loss. 109. I wish at the outset to express my delegation’s congratulations to you, Sir, on your assumption of the presidcncy for this month. Your wzll-known capability and skill will be of great help to the Council in di.schargmg its .serious and important tasks in the best possible manner. I II. I wish to thank the members of the Council for having allowed me to participate in the Council’s discussion of an issue that is of importance to all States that cherish peace based on justice for all. This issue is of particular importance to my country and the other Arab countries, because it is directly linked to the rights of Lebanon, a fraternal Arab country. Since 1982, that country has been sufrering from the consequences of the reckless Israeli invasion and from the continued aggressive occupation of a large portion of its national territory in utter disregard of the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, international law and the international conventions prohibiting the use of force against the territorial integrity and national independence of any State. 112. My delegation finds no more graphic and vivid picture of the inhuman Israeli practices against the civilian population in southern Lebanon. the western Bekaa and the Rashaya district than that contained in the statement of the representative of Lebanon at the outset of the Council’s deliberations on this item [2568rh mee&8]. He gave a detailed account of those violations, which include the siege and invasion of villages. the ransacking of houses, the detention of innocent people and the humiliation of the civilian population, to name but a few. I 13. There is no doubt that all those practices constitute a flagrant violation of all international rules and conventions. in particular the fourth Geneva Convention.’ Furthermore, they constitute a continued violation of the sovereignty and independence of Lebanon. We do not believe that the Council and the international community need further explanation to be co&ted. Israel’s record in Lebanon and in the occupied Arab and Palestinian territoties has been well-known to the world for more than 3O pl% 114. We have heard the representative of Israel enumerating repeated pretexts in an attempt to defend indefensible practices. Israel. which is an occupying Power, has put itself voluntarily in a situation where it necessarily faces the natural reaction of a people whose land has been invaded and whose national sovereignty has been violated. The heroic struggle of the people of Lebanon is a holy duty that all peoples have taken up to combat aggression, invasion and the ensuing arbitrary and inhuman practices. IIS. The inhuman Israeli practices against the civilian population in Lebanon. which have in recent days increased in their barbarism and ferocity, are not new, They are an issue to which this body and the international community cannel turn a deaf ear, if we want justice and right to prevail. 116. In view of what I have said. and in order to reaflirm the Council’s authority in maintaining internaticnral peace and security and to compel Israel to re5pct the Chatter and rhu principles of international law and the interna- 117. My delegation unreservedly supports Lebanon’s legitimate demands which have been put before it by its representative when he called upon the Council to implement its previous resolutions concerning the full and unconditional withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanese territories, the immediate cessation of the Israeli practices against the civilian population of the region under Israeli occupation and the reaftirmation of strict respect for the independence, national sovereignty and territorial integrity of Lebanon. 118. We are confident that the Council will heed those legitimate demands and will take measures to protect the international principles that made this body the guardian of peace and security throughout the world.

The next speaker is the representative of Czechoslovakia. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement. 120. Mr. &AR (Czechoslovakia): The Soviet people and all those who are aware of the value of peace have suffered a great loss in the death of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko. Allow me to extend our profound conc%t~~~z to the delegations of the Soviet Union, the Ukraine and Byelorussia. Konstantin Ustinovich Chemenko was an outstanding politician and statesman. The historic successes achieved by Soviet society are inseparably connected with his work. He ConsiJtcntly pursued the peace policy of the Soviet Union, striving for the reduction of international tension and for the establishment of confidence and understanding in nlations among States. I wish to recall in this connection the words in which he called for the peaceful coexistence of States with different social systems: “It is our opinion that it is imperative fully to use for thm goals ail available instruments, of course including the United Nations, which was founded for the very purpose of maintaining and strengthening peace.” 121. Allow me to congratulate you, Sir, on the assumption of the presidency. As regards the activities of the Council, the month during which you are fulfilling the duties of this offtce has been very demanding from the beginning. I should like to express our conviction that your experience, professional abilities and political wisdom will be of great help to the Council in successtuily achievingsoiutiona to the serious and extraordinarily dangerous international political problems. 122. I also wish to express appreciation for the constructive and responsible work of Mr. Krishnan, the representative of India. as President of the Council during the month of February. non. the western Rekaa and the Rashaya district. 124. Statements that have been heard here havecontained facts testifying to the increase in scope and degree of the dangerousness of the violence perpetrated by Israel against the Lebanese population since the beginning of the illegal occupation of Lebanon. The ever-growing toll of human lives gives an extraordinarily strong warning signal to the United Nations. and primarily to the Security Council. 125. The Czechoslovak people, which follows with concern the destiny of the people of Lebanon, on 7 March issued. through thetr Committee of Solidarity. a statement on the latest developments in Lebanon, mzolutely condemning the racialist practices of the Zionist circles of Israel used by the occupying troops against the Arab population in southern Lebanon. The statement also condemns the Israeli Government for its prospectless policy of brutal violence and attacks against the population of the territories occupied during the barbaric aggression against Lebanon in 1982. The Czechoslovak people also expressed their admiration for the extensive and successful movement of resistance of the Arab people against the aggressor. 126. The developments in southern Lebanon require that the international community adopt effective measums which would provide for the speedy liberation of Lebanon and the restoration of its State sovereignty and territorial integrity. In the United Nations, an end should be put to the cynical and malicious demagoguery of the representatives of Israel. whose Government is responsible for, among other things, the atrocious massacres at Sabra and Shatila, the murder and torture of the population in the south of Lebanon and other flagrant violations of the fundamental rights of the population of southern Lebanon. Nor should the attacks of the Israeli soldiery on the United Nations units rent to Lebanon on a peace-keeping mission and the depreciation of the authority of the United Nations and its agencies be allowed to take place with impunity. 127. It is necessary that each State member of the Security Council be guided in the search for suitable measures by the fact that Israel is an aggressor within the terms of the Delinition of Aggression of I4 December 1974 [Geta& Assembly resolution 3314 (XXIX), utuwx] and that it Ragrantly violates the norms of international law, inf&!ing the fourth Geneva Convention’ and, primarily, the Charter of the United Nations. It must be recogniad that such a state of aftairs poses a threat not only to Lebanon but also to peace and .security in the Middle Fast and all over the world. To turn aside from the struggle against this aggressiveness and hostility. or even to support it. would L ,- ,,.l,, .L” -:A- -c :-! ..__! “. .\> LOllL L,,C J‘“C t,, ,,,,“““LC. 12X. 1 should like in this connection to recall the unfortunate consequences. so well known to all of us. of the failure of the Council to adopt the humanitarian measures requested by Lebanon a half-year ago [255&A mppring], I2 129. We resolutely demand that the Govcrnmcnt ot Israel, a State Member of the Organization, refrain from acts of State terrorism and violations of the duties of an occupying Power as stipulated in the fourth Geneva Convention, that it responsibly co-operate with the Lebanese Government in the organization of the withdrawal of the occupying forces and give up right now speculations about future interference in the internal affairs of Lebanon. 130. We appreciate the fact that the stutcment of the representative of Lebanon contained an unamibiguous expression of willingness to engage in construelive cooperation with Israel in the organization of the evacuation of the Israeli troops. Such an approach constitutes the only way to achieve the much needed implementation of Security Council resolutions 508 (1982) and 509 t 1982). which demand that Israel immediately and unconditionally bring its armed forces back across the internationally recognizcd boundaries of Lebanon. This is the only way for termination of the illegal occupation of Lebanon.

The next speaker is the representative of Israel. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement.

For students of the international situation. one might even say of the human condition. this has been a most instructive session. A number of speakers have outdone each other in anti-Israeli rhetoric for our alleged misdeeds in south Lebanon. 133. We have heard, for example, from the representative of South Yemen. I suppose it was probahly too much to hope that the representative of that amiable regime at Aden, a haven and training-ground for terrorists from a dozen countries, would refrain from speakirg. 134. We have heard from the Ukrainian Soviet tiialist Republic, which, while denouncing us, at least spared us a lecture on the need to respect the independence of nations. 135. Then there was Cuba, that island of tranquillity. whose troops are now busily minding their own business in East and West Africa-not to mention their well-armed emissaries of goodwill in this hemisphere. 136. And then we heard from Viet Nam. a country that occupied Cambodia with 2OO.ooO troops and Laos with ~,OOO, and is currently crushin~both countries underfoot. It chose to lecture Israel about the evils of occupation. 137. And then there iS Nicaragua, who%! bcncvoient campaign against the defenceless Mesquite Indians no doubt qualities it to talk of atrocities. 138. And then there is Fast Germany, whose soldiers arc obediently goose-stepping to the Soviet tune in foreign no light to dcfcnd itself, even when withdrawing from L&anon. It should not defend its soldiers, it should not defend its civilians. When ambushed and bombed, it is to do nothing. It is not permitted to track terrorists back to their lairs. It is not even permitted to prevent car bombs from crossing the border and blowing up women and children. 140. For just two day ago, the IslamicJihad of Lebanon, a front group for various extremist Shiite organizations, made an announcement. They said that the car bomb used against an Israeli convoy-a convoy. mind you. leaving Lebanon-was actually intended for use against the Israeli town of Metulla. a few hundred yards across the border. 141. These people have made it clear that their ultimate targets. besides Lebanese from other groups, are the men, women and children of Israel. If the declared intention to use car bombs against civilians is not terrorism, then nothing is. 142. We will never accept the principle that we cannot defend ourselves against such attacks. We will continue to track our attackers back to their havens, confiscate their weapons and thwart their plans to murder us. 143. This was exactly our action yesterday in Zarariyah. What we heard from the representative of Lebanon about that action was flatly, completely false. This village was the target neither of a reprisal nor of a random sweep+ precisely the opposite. The Israel Defence Forces had received reliable intelligence that a large group of armed terrorists was preparing to launch further attacks against us from that village. This. incidentally, corroborated other information that traced to that village many recent attacks. 144. Indeed, when our forces entered Zarariyah they were met with a hail of gunfire and even RPG rockets. They responded with fire and pursued several dozen fleeing terrorists. some of whom were in vehicles loaded with weapons and explosives. In the ensuing battle, over 30 terrorists were killed and several dozen were captured. Seven were wounded and treated by Israeli medics-not exactly titting, to put it mildly, the colourful language of atrocity used so glibly by some speakers yesterday. 145. In addition, we uncovered an enormous amount of weapons. explosives and mines-caches unusually large even for southern Lebanon, So much for an attack on a “peaceful and defenceless” village, 146. This is a good illustration of the way in which lsrael’s actions agaisst its attackers are exaggerated and distorted beyond belief. I do not have the time here to rebut the whole stream of falsehoods that have been uttered in the course of this debate. But, beyond mere distortion, there is outright fabrication. Groups in Lebanon have been killing each other with abandon for many accusation that we were responsible for the bomb at M’arakah. Let me tak: a moment to address an cvcn more ludicrous charge. A few days ago a bomb went otf outside a mosque at Beirut, as such bombs have been doing for the last decade. Israel and the United States were immediately accused, without the slightest evidence, of setting it off. 148. But we do know, for example, that Sheikh Fadlallah, a major Shiite leader atiiliated with Iran, was summoned to Damascus recently. He was apparently told to stop agitating for a Khomeini-style Islamic republic in Lebanon, which is not exactly agreeable to the present r6gime in Damascus. But Fadlallah ignored Syria’s demands. A few days ago a ca. .omb exploded next to the Mosque, just yards away from his home, wounding some of his bodyguards. Now, no one here has even bothered to mention the most likely prpetrator of that bombing- Syria, which having imported into Lebanon the Khomeini fanatics, now worries that it will lose control over them. 149. So it makes no difference whether Israel’s forces are in the area, have recently left the area, or are far away from an area of Lebanon. Whatever happens, no matter where it happens, Israel, it seems, is going to be accused. 150. While the various Lebanese factions--and, behind them, f)emascus and Teheran-can agree on nothing else, they all lend their voices to a harmony of hate against Israel. And Beirut, which is vassatized by Syria and frightened by Iran’s surrogates, has decided to join this chorus. It repeats the false accusations against Israel and brings them even to this chamber. 151, By now no one expects heroic defiance of Syria from Beirut. But it might at least refmin from outbidding others in inching fanaticism and terrorism. The Government of Lebanon will soon face the domestic consequences of fanning such extremism. 152. As for attacks on Israel and its citizens. we shall hoki Lebanon responsible for failing to live up to its international obligations, the obligations of that very sovereignty which it so noisily invoked yesterday. 153. What would the adoption of this draft resolution [g/f 7tXXIl do? Firs& let me tell you what it woukl not do: it would not stop Israel from defending its men, women and children against attack. But what it would do is to encourage the forces of fanaticism and extremism in southern Lebanon. It would cost lives. including those of Lebanese-lives lost to an emboldened terrorism. And it would br a truly historic surrender to blackmail by members of dhe Sccuriiy *Cuuncii. Su iii&c! e&j ZiC ii%+ concerned with peace must not take part in this exercise. It can only embolden the men of terror in Lebanon. 154. But, of cou~sc, most of those who support this draft resolution detiberately seek precisely that outcome. A few, I3

The representative of the Syrian Arab Republic has asked to speak. I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement.

1 had not intended to take part in this debate. and should not have sought to do so but for the fact that the Israeli representative intervened in order to mislead trcmbers of the Council and to insult those who have here defended Lebanon and the right of the Lebanese people to defend itself. 1%. Allow me. Mr. President. to express to the Soviet delegation our sorrow and grief on the passing away of Mr. Konstantin Chemenko. Genera) Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. We knew Comrade Chemenko as a faithful leader and supporter of peoples’ liberation movements and as a prominent statesman. He contributed to fostering friendly relations between our countries in various fields. We knew him as a fighter for socialism and for the liberation of countries, and we hail his services to his country, his Government, the 1917 Revolution and the alliance of all peoples against imperialism, colonialism and aggression. 159. Allow me, Sir, to express to you at the outset our appreciation for your assumption of the presidency for this month. We arc confident that your long experience in diplomacy here at the United Nations, in addition to your country’s constructive role in international affairs, will help the Council to do justice to the suffering peoples of many countries, in the first place the Arab peoples in Lebanon. Palestine and the occupied Arab territories. as well as the African peoples of southern Africa. 160. On this occasion we should like to express our sincere congratulations to the representative of India on his presidency of the Council in February and on the exernplsry manner of energy, wisdom and objectivity with which he guided the Council’s work during that month. 161. I wish to make some preliminary remarks on the subject of this debate The statements of the Israeli representative and of a permanent member of the Council have compelled us once more to intervene out of concern that the Council act justly as the body bearing responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. This Council is the first resort of those countries whose independence and territorial integrity are threatened. In accordance with its mandate. the Council can employ the machinery of collective security as a means of removing 162. The question of Palestine. which has been discussed since 1948, proves what I have just said, because Israel and its allies, primarily the United States, have succeeded. through the exploitation of the Council, in rewarding the aggressor and undermining peoples’ right to selfdetermination and brilliantly-i repeat, brilliantly-tipped the scale in favour of the aggressor. Thus the right to resist is the natural and only proper means open to peoples in the circumstances prevailing in the Council; the ideal means to put an end to aggression and to regain usurped rights. According to thr pertinent principles of international law and under Article 51 of the Charter, this is the right of peoples. 163. We hope that this time the United States will not hamper the work of the Council and that it will co-operate with all the members that have spoken here out of their concern for international peace and security. 164. ‘f?te magnificent struggle waged and the sacrifices endured by the heroic Lebanese people are the direct result of the fact that the United States has not enabled the Security Council to implement its resolutions 508 (1982) and SO9 (1982). for if the United States had been faithful to its declared intentions when it voted in favour of those tesolutiotts, the Council would have been able to implement them immediately and unconditionally. But it has become clear that the United States vote in favour of both resolutions, and in particular resolution 509 (1982). was misleading and was aimed only at gaining time to help Israel in blackmailing Lebanon in the attempt to obliterate its identity and place it at the service of Israel’s ambitions in the region. 165. But the Lebanese people has risen against the 17 May 1983 accord, concluded under military pressure. and caused it to be abrogated. Even now Washington is sceking gains for Israel, as it did in the last meeting. Israel’s refusal to submit a plan and a timetable for its withdrawal during the Naqoura talks-talks which the United States Administration pretended to support-was but a means to gain time and ultimately to create conditions in and outside Lebanon that. according to its miscalculations. could somehow exact a pound of tlesh from Lebanon. Since the last I :ting of the Security Council, Israel has expanded dents, all of which are meant to hamper the efforts of the Lebanese factions that seek to restore stability and security in the north, south, east and west of Lebanon. 166. Israel is interested only in undermining those efforts and in diverting attention from its defeat in its war against Lebanon. It is in Israel’s interest to impede Lebanese endeavours to reconstruct its security. economy and society. Israel is reacting to its military and political defeat through operations that aim at aggravating the situatiott. but we are certain that it will not succeed in its purpose because the Lebanon of I985 is not the Lebanon of 1975. The Lebanon of 1985 is the Lebanon of conciliation; it is the Lebanon of solidarity against the common enemy, which is Israel. The recent participation of the Lebanese army in resisting the barbaric operations against civilians in southern Lebanon clearly reflects the change in the quality of the national resistance aimed at the unconditional evacuation of Israeli troops. 167. Despite all this, the representative of Israel today tried. as he has tried in the past on more than one occasion, to give the impression that the Syrian presence in Lebanon is a kind of occupation imposed upon Lebanon. But the Israeli representative, the United States and every country in the world recognize that the Syrian presence in Lebanon came about at the request of the legitimate Lebanese authority to help it achieve its noble aims, primarily that of maintaining Lebanon’s territorial integrity, security and stability. The Syrian-Lebanese co-operation in the rescue process, in conciliation and in the implementation of the security plan, which today covers most of Lebanese territory, is under way with the consent of all Lebanese parties. 168. The Israeli representative alleged at the last meeting that, despite all this, Syria occupies 60 ppr cent of Lebanese territory. If Israel’s statement3 deceive some, the Lebanese know who is the true enemy and which Arab country is first to do its utmost to restore security and stability through a constructive and fruitful dialogue and concrete actions IO help it. The Israeli representative knows that truth, which is painful to him. If he does not know that truth, it is because political i%teraey is prevalent in the imported Zionist entity. Ihat entity has been provided by the United States with all kinds of tespimtory machinery to keep its blood circulation going. 169. The United States delegation is fervently trying to abort the draft resolution contained in document S/17000. which is in conformity with and along the same lines as recnltrtinnr 568 (1982) and 509 (1982). which were adopted unanimously. I hope that 1 am wrong in my analysis. I sincerely hope that the United States will not exercise its right of veto against this humanitarian draft resolution, 170. Those efforts are being made at a time when Israel implements with unlimited feracity-stemming from its inherent aggressive instittets as a colonial entity-its bar- IS policies legalized by United States jurisdiction that have been a principle of United States relations with indcpcndent countries. 171. The United States rides roughshod over its responsibilities under the Charter as a permanent member of the Council, It now imposes indtvidual sanctions against any entity in the world which does not support American positions, whether in the United Nations or in the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries. At the same time, WC arc aware that the United States-as is its practice-obstructs any attempt to impose collective sanctions against the uparrheid regime in accordance with the provisions of the Charter. despite universal support of that step to protect millions of black Africans against slavery, detention, arrests, thr crcation of bantustans and Forced exile, imposed on them by the minority regime of Pretoria. 172. At the 2570th meeting, we listened to the representative of the United States say that, according to sources in Beirut, there are threats “specifically linked to our actions in the Security Council . . . to influence the participation and vote of the United States in this body” and that “the United States therefore calls on all members of the Council to repudiate the threats against the deliberative profess of the Council”. 173. All these allegations. true or false, have nothing to do with the crux of the Lebanese complaint which is before us. They are aimed at giving the impression that the Council is under coercion while discussing Lebanon’s complaint. But we all know that the Council adopted very important resolutions while the Zionist leaders here in the United States-American nationals-with the participation of the United States, have been exerting all kinds of ptessure and threats to deny the Palestinian people its unity, independence and international identity which were recogniaed under the British Mandate. 174. If we believe the American argument that coercion is exerted in the Council, then resolution 69 (IW9), in which the Council described Israel as a peace-loving State. was wrested by coercion, in as much as it had been preceded by Israeli massacres against the Palestinian civilian population and by the assassination of United Nations Mediator Count Folke Bemadotte and his French assistant. Was not the attack against the spy ship L&efty and the killing of hundreds of Americans an Israeli intimidation of the United States while the Security Council met day and night to achieve a cease-tire in that year’! 175. If we accept that United States “logic”, does it not mean that the Council has considered the question oi Nicaragua under pressure of the United States Central Intclligence Agency (CIA). which is operating in Nicaraguan territory to topple the legitimate Government and rob the Sandinist revolution of its national gains? Does all that not mean that the economic intimidation practised by the United States Administration a@nst some States which 176. Let us be frank: the American statement was intended to justify possible American opposition-which we hope will not materialize-to a humanitarian draft resolution and to label as heroic a position inconsistent with the humanitarian principles called for by the Washington Administration. It is also a pretext to move its fleets in the Mediterranean from west to east. 177. I should like to add that those who suffer from continued threat and intimidation live temporarily in New York in the service of their country, not the other way round. 178. As usual, the representative of the Zionist entity has tried to mislead the Council. He said that the Israeli Army is withdrawing from Lebanon, not entering Lebanon, and that that Army therefore has the right to defend itself using all means. But the representative of Israel ignores the fact that the occupation itself is an act of aggression and that the resistance is thus exercising its natural right of driving the invaders out, whether they are withdrawing from or storming the country. The European resistance to the Nazis fought the invaders, whether they were coming into or leaving their countries. The criterion is the foreign pre+ ence on Lebanese territory, not the intentions of the Israeli strategies and tactics. 179. The Israeli representative forgot that the Lebanese resistance to the Israeli invaders did not start with the withdrawal of the invasion: its seeds were sown on the ftrst day of Israel’s sweep across Lebanon, on 6 June 1982 180. The Israeli Prime Minister stated. through the Hebrew-language radii llervice in its new6 broadcast of 26 February 1985, that: Thf2 withdrawal will be decided upon according to variousfactorsr,amongt12ttttheePtablishmmtofa security zone in the north, the prorectian of troops of the Jsrael Defence Forces and the battle ageittst the terrorism of the Shines.” 181. Can any Council member see in this withdrawal anything but the building of a road on which Bra4 wig mum to Lebanon? 182. According to what we have read out. the IsraeJi withdrawal is being catried out on conditions set by Israel alone, in keeping with its aggressive intentions. The poputations of the occupied territories, the term of the inhuman practices of the Israeli forces, know very well that Israel is strengthening its strongholds and positions in southern iebanon, ismei, tberetore, cannot expect the resistance to cease just becawe it has de&red its intention to withdraw. it is impossible to believe that this withdrawal could not be orried out without the inhuman pm&es perpetrated by Israel: the laying siege to villages, the kilfj of children. women and the elderly, the blowing up 0f places of worship and social institutions, deportation, the “We are absolutely determined to teach them that Israel will put an end to their activities by every possible means, including means we have hitherto not used.“+ 184. Does that statement mean that the blowing up of the mosque in Beirut and the events of yesterday and the day before in southern Lebanon have been carried out through means not before used by Israel? We know that such means as the demolition of houses of worship, including the mosque in Beirut, and the killing of civilians have ken traditionally employed by Israel since its inception, out of hatred for the Arabs and everything that is Arabic. 185. There is another statement by Shamir I should not like to see reproduced in the records of this Council, for it ~ntaitts an attack against a State which is a permanent member of the Council. Syria cannot put on record those diny words uttered by Shamir and mported by French radio in Rtris. 186. I apologize for taking up so much of the Council’s time; I know that the hour is late. The aim of this statement is to dot the 2s. There have been manoeuvres here to mislead the Council, and I wish to maBum Syria’s support for the popk and the Government of Lebanon and to state that we shall continue to support Lebanon until it regains its strength, to enable that country to live in peace within ia internationally recognised boundaries.

We were shocked to ieam yesterday morning the sad news of the death of Konstantin Chernenko. President of the Pres~urn of the sqmw evil ti the us? and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, His death comes at a time when international peace and security-the w and security to which he dedicated his life-are more than ever thread. In recent weeks, thii has been borne out by the *Quoted by the speaker in English. 18X. My delegation wishes to speak at this stage of our deliberations for the following reason. In her statement bcforc the Council [257&h meeriHg], the representative of the United States drew the attention of us all to a fact whose importance and gravity have not escaped us. This uncomfortable situation in which a State Member of the Organimtion-indeed, a member of the Security Councillinds itself because of the opinions it holds should be of concern to the Council, first, because we firmly believe that matters before the Council should be debated with no pressure brought to bear from any quarter on any member. Further we believe that in all matters the Council should show moderation and avoid extremism, lest it become more and more difficult for the Council to put an end. through adequate and universally acceptable SOIUtions. to hotbeds of tension throughout the world. Finally, we believe in the vinues of persuasion by force of argument. Our word should in no way cast doubt on or call into question our commitment to defend the just cause of the fraternal people of Lebanon. We merely felt that it would be appropriate and useful to share these ideas with the other members of the Council along with our concern about our chances of finding solutions to problems which are made thornier by certain activities.

There are no other names on the list of speakers, 1 now have the intention to put to the vote the draft resolution in document !Vl7tXlO. 190. I shall first call on those members of the Council who wish to make statements before Ibe voting. I9 I. Mr. MOHAMMED (Trinidad and Tobago): first, f should like on behalf of the Government and people of Trinidad and Tobago to convey our deepest sympathy and condolences IO the Government and people of the Soviet Union on the untimely death of Konstantin C’bernenko. General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist hrty of the Soviet Union and Presidmt of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. Our condolenrrs go also to the bereaved family. 192. We haw been following the refent tragic events in Lebanon with utmost concern. We welcome thedecision by the Government of Israel to withdraw all its forces from Lebanon to the internationally recognized boundaries. -We have al-so noted that the Isracfi Government has approved the second phase of its withdrawal. We are, however, very concerned by reports of the increased vioknce accompanying its withdmwal-report5 of the death of innocent civiiians. imposition of restrktii, imprisonment, human degradation and general devastation. The Government of 193. I turn now to the draft resolution bcforc the Council. My delegation would have liked to see one or two more constructive, one or two more forward-looking, &moms incorporated in the draft resolution. F,.r example. WC‘ should have liked to see an appeal made to all parties involved to exercise restraint during the process of withdrawal, an appeal made IO all parties to refrain from the use of vioknce. as in our view this would facilitate and expcditc the process of withdrawal. And we should have liked to see an appeal made to all parties tc: demonstrate some mutual forbearance. 194. WC feel that both lsraci and Lebanon could usefully engage in consultations and discussions aimed at working out the modalities that would ensure a peaceful withdrawal. We feel that these consultations might also pmvide a forum and an opportunity to draw up a programme and timetable for tne totar and complete withdrawal. WC feel that such consultations might yield insight? into the subsequent requirements for the maintenance of law and order in the evacuated areas. Such consultations might also indicate possibilities for an enhanced role for United Nations peace-keeping operations. 195. My delegation will vote in favour of the draft resolution before the Council, but we should like to place ir on record that we have interpreted the purport of the draft resolution in the manner I ha\= just outlined. We are also appealing 10 both Israel and Lebanon to pay due regard to our suggestions. 1%. Mrs. KIRKPATRICK (United States of America): On behalf of the United States delegation and of the United States in its role as host Government IO the United Nations, I should like to convey to the Soviet delegation the dncere condolences of my Government on the occasion of the death of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme !!kwiet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Konstantin Ustinovich Chemenko. We should also like our condoknces to be extended to his family. 197. At a time when representatives of our two Govemmerits are about to begin discussions in Geneva on ways to reduce and finally eliminate the danger of nuclear war. this solemn occasiolt reminds us of the grave responsibilities which we bear for the maintenance and strengthening of world prace. The decision of the Soviet and United States dekgations in Geneva to begin their discusions on .schcdule despite the passing of Chairman Chemenko demonstrates. I think. the commitment of both our count& to this process. _^^ IYU. i shouid aiso iike to enirnd ihe forldoirr~~~ (Hc iii< United States dekgation and of I& United States in hs role as host country to the family and the Ciovcrnmcnt of Prime Minister Tom Adams of Barbados. who has died only today. Prime Minister Adams pa\-e distinguistid. C0UmgeoW and detlmwatk leadership 10 Barbados. and we greatly regret his loss. 200. Indeed, the United States is still ready :o join in a statement that reflects the dismay of the Council at the scalation of violence in Lebanon; expresses our deepest sympathy to the victims of that violence; urges restraint on all partics; calls on all parties to implement the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s reprt; affirms the application of the fourth Geneva ConventIon’ to the occupied areas of Lebanon; reaffirms our commitment and that of all membe*, IO the full restoration of Lebanon’s sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and unity. We also should be happy to join in an action by the Council which took some account of the threats of violence aimed at these deliberative processes, 201. Unfortunately, the Government of Lebanon was uninterested in an approach which would have had the support of all members of the Council and, instead, came to the Council with a draft resolution it declined to modify in any way. We Egret that the Government of Lebanon declined to discuss the text. We regret that the Govemment of Lebanon presented an unbalanced draft resolution in the first place. 202. The United States Government has worked long and hard and very sincerely to assist in securing the withdrawal of all foreign forces from Lebanon. We supporl the Secretary-General’s report. We suppwl the Naqoura talks for an orderly withdrawal of Israeli forces. 203. The United Stp.tes Government worked hard and in good faith to create conditions that WOUM restore full sovereignty to the Government of J&anon and the control of all of Lebanon’s territory to the peopk of Lebanon. Our efforts, alas, have met with no success so far. The tragic cycle of violence in Lebanon continues. Peace has no4 been brought to Lebanon because too many parties in and around Lebanon have preferred conquest to pcacc. Foreign troop and foreign group0 are still in Lebanon and join warring indigenous factions in drenching that tragic land in blood. There is a cycle of vioknce in Lebanon, and that fact is not altered by its denial in the Council. 234. Tk Ciiiku’ didirs beiirves t-hat this drait resolution does not accord Jsrael fair treatment. We believe this debate has not accorded Jsrael fair treatment. We believe it has not respected the realities of Lebanon. We are disturbcd that the lack of fairness apparently does not embarrass many meinks d the council. -k fact b, Members of the United Nations have a habit. in ~JIC Council, of 205. The draft resolution before us today is. J think, such an unbalanced draft resolution. We believe that it applies double standards; indeed, we believe that double standards have dominated the deliberations, as we believe that “double-speak” was the lingua frunca of much of this debate. We note that the representative of Viet Nam. whose 200,000 troops wreak war on the people of Cambodia, is concerned about the presence of foreign troops in Lebanon. We note that Cuba, which has foreign troops stationed in a dozen countries in the world. is concerned about the violation of the sovereignty of Lebanon. We note that the PLO condemns violence here-Israeli violence, of course. We note that it was Syria which assured us of how happy Lebanon is to have Syrian troops in Lebanon. XJ6. The United States supports-ardently supportsthe withdrawal of all Israeli troops from Lebanon. We have worked to that end; we will do so in the future. The United States sincerely supported resolutions XJ8 (1982) and 509 (1982), and we sincerely supported, then and now, the withdrawal of all foreign troops from Lebanon and the enjoyment of full sovereignty by Lebanon. The United States o& Israel’s entering Lebanon in the beginning. We fulJy suppoti the applicability to Lebanon’s occupied territories of the fourth Geneva Convention.’ 207. But we cannot acquiesce in this draft resolution becaw we do not believe an unbalanced resolution will end the agony of Lebanon. The United States believes it is not too late for the Council to reaJlirm its commitment to peace in Lebanon. We believe it is not too late for the Council to engage in a serious search for constructive means to that end. In the mcanwhiie, the United States will vote agairrst the draft resolution. 208. T%e PRESIDENT ~inrerpretafion /ram fienck): J shall now put to the vote the draft resolution contained in document S/17ooO. A vole was taken by show of km&. In favour: Burkina Faso, China. Egypt, France. India, &jagsscar, Peru, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago. Ukrainian Soviet 8ociali~r RepuMic. Union d !%&t Socialist Republics. l%e restdt of the vote wos II injhour, one against and 3 abstentions. The dqft resolution was not adopted, the negative vote being that of a permanent member of the Council.

I wish first to convey to our Soviet colleagues, to their Government, to the family and to the people of the USSR my d ‘-gation’s sincere condolences on the death of Mr. Konsta,.;.n Chernenko. the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. 210. In my speech to the Council last Thursday [2570rk meeting]. I emphasized the need for the Council to promote a diplomatic solution to the growing violence in southern Lebanon and to do nothing which could further inflame that violence. This approach has been a guiding factor in our attitude to the draft resolution. 21 I. Befom turning to the details of the draft, I should like to associate my delegation with those who have stressed the unacceptability of threats to United Nations prmonnel. This is a matter of great signifto the United Nations as a whole and cannot be passed over in siknee. 212. Then? are a number of elements in the draft resolution which m support, in pa&ular its operative paragtaphe 2.3.4 and 7. We strongly support the Council’scalls for the complete withdrawal of all fsraeli forra, from l&anon and for strict respect for the soverei8nty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Lebanon within its intemationaUy rewgnlzed boundaries. We eodder that Israel,as the occupying Power, and the Israeli military autborfties, areduty&utttdtorespectandupholdtbeprovisionsofthe fourth Geneva Con~tiot+ and of other nomm ofintematimmllaw.WewishtosseaUtbe~eoconomKdeooprate with the !kcremry-otntial in promotingorderiy am3ngmwntefortheearlywitbdriswaloffsraetifomesfrom Lebanon. 213. We regret, however. that the draft rusol~, dgpile the positive aspects 1 have methntd,mka~ cientaccountoftheneedtodampenthecyckofvioknce, whiehhasbsengivenanewandg&tUfytwistowrtbe weekend, and to promote the peaceful diplomatie iwhtth lourgmtlyneedcd.InpsrticJarthcrrisnommtioninthe drsftnsdutfondIhcrdcofUN]FlLorobthcnssdto assist the Semtnry-Geneml’s effort8 in punuonct of Council resohnion 555 (1984) and to encouregc an immediiiti. IEGii to rJii ?-kJotii tizk. WC b&es= that in the present circumstances it would ha= been better not to put it to a vote. 214. My Government therefore felt obli@ to abstain. 215. Mr. TROYANOVSKY (Union of Soviet Socilist RepubJies) vmrpreat&pan RIf#iun): since I apoke ym- I9

1 call on the representative of Lebanon.

The result of the vote on the draft resolution did not surprise us, because when we called for the Council to be convened, we knew the different positions thut would be taken, whether in favour,against or abstaining. We are not amateurs in the collection of resolutions. The Council has adopted numerous resolutions. but they have remained dead letters. 218. We have rights, and they need no consecration through the adoption of a tesolution. Here we act as independent sovereign States. 219. ‘The representative of the United States has recognixed that the Government of Lebanon did not intimidate; on tbc contrary, it was trying to abort intimidation. The ml threat is against Lebanon and againat its People in the south, in western Bekaa and the Rashaya district. That was the crux of our complaint. 220. If some members had been true to themselves they would have condemned the arbitrary and inhumane praetica of the occupyin army, as they have already condemned the Israeli invasion. Those pmctkes are inevitable results of that im&on, part and parcel of it. Today those members have opposed condemnation of the come- -of* inv&m.TbeC!ouncilhasfaikdtomeetits obligationsbecauseoftheAmericanveto,andhaskftthe popuJatiotm of soutbem Lebanon, the Rashaya diirict and western Bekaa victims of the Israeli army. That veto has encouraged Israel to proceed with its brutal policies and its defiincc of the Ccruncil and the international community. 221. ntisstandwillnot~ourwiff;itwiJlnotafIect our it-brew on JIbrating southem Lebanon, Bekaa and Rashaya from the yoke of the Israeli occupation. We shall liberate those regions of Lebanon, which OH cherish, by all means, and in the first place through kgitimate national res&nce,whiiisinaccordwitbthemsolutionsoftbe United NnLiam. 222. Thtoughthousandsofyeanofbistory,Lebanon has witnasul intenmtiom by numerous armies of occupatloil. -nose amks are gone, but l.ehmlm mnains. 223. Tbefalsesmtementsdtberrpracntotivcoffsraei deservenoreply,andthereforeweshallignomtbem. COMMENT SE PKOCUREN LES PUUUCAI‘IONS DES NATIONS UNIES Lcs plblicutiunr dtc Natiaas U&J SOIU en WI& don, kr librairies Ed lee agcnar d@osicrrim du monde entier. lnkmna-vau ruprkn de vdre libralre ou udrcuez-vou A : NUGUIN Unk. Section des venm. New York w Ocnbve. KAK IlOJlYYHTb HfPAHHR OPI-AHWAUCIH OSbE~HEHHMX HAUH6l H3n1nrr 0prPWRMlllln o63MrHwHux HW#R YOYHO rynnrb a *nn*Hblx uarP3HHaX w areHtcTma Do ncex pamlax MUpa. HawnuT8 cnplern OB *3nlnllnx a WIneM aHllrYOU buwww sun4 nuum no anpav: npomrc ommwrll. Hb#o-tiopr @-III Y WY3nlIlln 06 -ux HalAw ceKul4a no mesa. COMO CONSECUllI PUUUCAClONEs DE LAS WACIONF.8 UNIDAS Las pbliiionc~ de la8 Nrimte~ Unipsr tin Fn venta en librerks y cows dirtribuidorur en ~~-u~e&~l ~ydo. Consul~c a WI Ihero o hijj L: Naciom Unt4a.s. Scsiba de Ventas. - ..YC.- . u.1 Y Y*..e”Ia. Litho in United Nations. New York cwm . !W61439-June 1994-1925