S/PV.2771 Security Council

I should like to inform members of the Council that I have received letters from the representatives of Cyprus, Greece and Turkey , in which they request to be invited to participate in the discussion of the item on the Council's agenda. In conformity with the usual practice, I propose, with the consent of the Council, to invite those representatives to participate in the discussion , without the right to vote, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Charter and rule 37 of the Council's provisional rules of procedure. There being no objection, it is so decided. At the invitation of the President, Mr. Moushoutas (Cyprus), Mr. Zepos (Greece) and Mr. Turkmen (Turkey) took places at the Council table.

I should like to recall that in the course of the Council's consultations members of the Council agreed that an invitation should be extended to Mr. Ozer Koray in accordance with rule 39 of the Council's provisional rules of procedure. Unless I hear any objection, I shall take it that the Council decides to invite Mr. Koray in accordance with rule 39 of its provisional rules of procedure. There being no objection, it is so decided. 'At the appropriate moment I shall invite Mr. Koray to take a place at the Council table and to make his" statement. (The PreLident) The Security Council will now begin its consideration of the item on',its I agenda. Members of the Council have before them the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations operation in Cyprus for the period 1 June to 30 November 1987, document S/19304 and Add.1. Members of the Council also have before them a draft resolution contained in I document S/19338, which has been prepared in the course of the Council's 1 I consultations. I Members of the Council also have before them a letter dated 11 December 1987 from the Permanent Representatives of Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland addreksed to the Secretary-General, document S/19334. It is my understanding that the Council is ready to proceed to the vbte on the / draft resolution before it. Unless I hear any objection, I shall put the: draft resolution to the vote. I There being no objection, it is so decided. A vote was taken by show of hands. In favour: Argentina, Bulgaria, China, Congo, France, Germany,,Federal Republic of, Ghana, Italy, Japan, Union of Soviet Socia i ist I Republics, United Arab Emirates, 1 United Kingdom of Great Britain I I and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Venezuela, Zambia I The PRESIDENT (interpretation from Russian): There were 15 votes in favour. The draft resolution has been adopted unanimously as resolution 604 (1987). The first speaker is the representative of Cyprus, on whom I now call. / / 1 Mr. MOUSBOUTAS (Cyprus):' Allcw me warmly to congratulate you, Sir, on your assumption of the office of the presidency of the Security Council for the month of December and to commend you for the skilful manner in which you have carried out the consultations on the draft resolution just adopted unanimously, renewing the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) . '.' for another period of six months. We are happy that the presidency of the Security Council is in the talented hands of a distinguished representative of the USSR, a country with which we are united by strong bonds of friendship. We are particularly happy that Your Excellency, a seasoned diplomat should be presiding over this meeting, which is important for my country. Out warm congratulations are also extended to the President of the Security Council for the month of November, Ambassador Riyoaki Kikuchi of Japan, a distinguished representative of another friendly country, for the exemplary manner in which he conducted the Council's work. The renewal of the peace-keeping mandate of UNFICYP - to which my Government had given its prior consent - is in the circumstances imperative, awing to continuing Turkish aggression and occupation of part of Cyprus and the refusal of Ankara to withdraw its troops. Allow I@& to restate at the outset that the problem of Cyprus is a grave problii of ikvasion and occupation of a small non-&i,igned country Member of the Uniti bations by a big and powerful neigh&,&~ Turkey. It is not in essence a &f&&&6& between Greek Cypriots and Turkish tipriots , as presented by Ankara for p;, :i ; th& burpose of eclipsing itself from the &ene of the 'crime. $ k. .I ; a ing advantage of a cr minal coup &ed at the assassination of the 1 . . ._ ~res&ent of Cyprus, Archbishop Makarios: brkey invaded Cyprus under the pretext of protecting the Turkish Cypriot community - which, by the way, was in no way involved, as evidenced by the fact that not a single Turkish life was lost. Under the same pretext Ankara's troops refuse to leave the island. Over the past 13 years, a host of United Nations resolutions and decisions were adopted on the question of Cyprus. They unfailingly demand, among other I things, the withdrawal of all occupation troops and foreign military forces and personnel; respect for the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and unity of the Republic of Cyprus ; and the cessation of all foreign interference in / ' its internal affairs. Further, they call for the return of‘all refugees ko their homes in safety, as well as for respect for the human rights and fundamental I freedoms of all Cypriots. Turkey has absolutely and contemptuously disregarded all United Nations resolutions, and by its actions continues to defy the world Organization, I especially the Security Council. I ! The domes of the United Nations still echo the wise statements by ( / representatives of Member States on a number of world issues as to the need to I respect and implement United Nations resolutions, thus making our Organixation an I effective instrument for peace. It is tragically sad that, at a time when a spirit / of hope became discernible for strengthening the role of the United Nations, Turkey 1 still finds it possible to continue to disregard its resolutions. I I 1 General Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX) on Cyprus, which was unanimously / adopted and later unanimously endorsed by Security Council resolution 365 (1974), and thus rendered mandatory, is a glaring example'of such contemptuous disregard by Turkey and a provocation the magnitude of which threatens the whole edifice Of the United Nations. In fact, all subsequent resolutions of the General Assqmbly, I / including the last on this subject - 37/253 of 1983 - resolutions 541 (1983) and 550 (1984) on the question Turkey's arrogant disregard. Ankara's policy during these 13 years continues to be one of further tightening of its military stranglehold over its small victim; it ruthlessly seeks t0 implement its schemes of partition and segregation of our people, on the basis of their ethnic origin, and the "Turkification" of the occupied areas. (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) and Security Council of Cyprus are being met with ! This policy is manifested by an absolute denial of freedom of movement and settlement of our citizens forced upon the victims by the Turkish army of i ! occupation, which now well exceeds-35,000 men and 300 tanks, reflecting its recent quantitative increase and qualitative improvement , as confirmed by the last three i six-monthly reports of the Secretary-General. In particular, the Secretary-General, in his report dated 2 December 1986, stated% “General Gre.indl reported that, from open observation, UNFICP believed that there had been an increase in the strength of Turkish forces on the island and I that Turkey had brought to Cyprus tanks with greater fire power and.mobility than those’ previously there.” (S/18491, para. 22) In his report dated 29 May 1987, the Secretary-Gener’al confirmed that: I “The evidence of an increase in the Turkish forces’ strength referred t a in mv last.report.has been further supported by open observation by DNPICIP as well as by reports made public by various Governments.” (s/18880, para. 21) 1 Furthermore, the Secretary-General added that ,.. I “I raised the question of the military build-up in Cyprus on several I occasions with the Turkish authorities at all levels. I expressed my concern I over the existing situation and appealed to the Government of Turkeyi to reduce I its forces! on the island.“ .(para.. 221, I In his present report to the Security Council,. dated 30 November 1987, the Secretar,y-General stated: ,,I’ I “f have again, on several occasions , appealed to the Turkish authorities / including Prime Minister Ozal and. Foreign Minister Fialefoglu, to reduce their forces on the island.’ : (S/19304, para. 20) FurthermoteF in para. 55 of that report, the Secretary-General reiterated his I ‘appeal to Turkey to make a start by reducing its forces, (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) Added to the increase in the Turkish army, the importation of over 65;OOO Turkish settlers aimed at tihanging the demgraphic strt.&re of Cyprus, which recently took onmost alarming.proportions, makes the Turkish community's voice in the occupied areas heard less and less. It consitutes a new, grave development, casting serious doubts as to the abilfty,of, the Turkish Cypriot community to conduct a meaningful intercommunal dialogue. That the Turkish Cypriot community'is losing its identity because of the recent massive.importation of Turkish settlers from mainland Turkey is'confirmed by numerous statements, reports and newspaper articles by foreign‘.personalities and'by Turkish Cypriot leaders. It'should be... noted that the Turkish, troops ana settlers are ,now .at least equal in numbersto the t Turkish Cypriot communityy..The question is therefore,&tural: ' How. could-,a ,: : community which has been-flooded by settlers,.from Turkey be expected tb negotiate meaningfully? Row could the Turkish Cypriot"commrfnity'~discuss"is'sues such as the withdrawal of ;.Turkish,, troops lthen the community. Cts&l:f’ is’ heI& capti;‘&’ by those troops? Furthermore,~couldanyone~~acce@t W>gt&d faith 'that"Mr;'Denkthsh, then. '. leader of,the Turkish,~Cypriot;~mrounFtyi,..is in a'posftion to negotiate 'the withdrawal.of~ Turkish.troops when.:he himself,admits "whether'.it is right or wr'ong; whether I believe it or not, I do what Turkey says”? . . In.past, meetings of, the Security Councilrand..other forums-'her&and eisewhere, we have had occas$on.to,present~~irrefutable.evidence~~of the vast-tr'ansfer"of ‘. ' '*" ,-The Council,,may..re&ll the denials.by;the.Turkrish-'i;ide:'and':'their description of those settlers as "returning Turkish -Cypriots?; -aen.*t& t ~seas&&l Go&$r$" a&i '. . most recently, as a~.:work -force”;.-.any~and’ all kind5 of: f.iei & -&nceax !t&e ‘tis&b: Here..are a number:of excerpts from statemetits*Jof:Turkish i3yprbot:leadersi'-"' - ~G.. I articles of'Turkish Cypriot riew&apers and foreign press reports,.revealing the _:. ; 1, 1. colonization policy of Aukara .in Cyprusand , at the'same ti&, exposing the big . . ,. ,', '., then Turkish Vice-President of Cyprus, Dr. Rutchuk, wrote'in the,Turkish Cypriot 1 newspaper Halkin Sesi on 24 May 1978 about the Turkish settlers: ‘"They have turned i this paradise Island into an Island of Hell." ,- 1 The Guardian wrote that since .9 October 1975: / I "Migration of Turks to the northern occupied part of Cyprus is-taking place on . i a scale that will soon radically alter the racial balance on the'Island and . could seriously af.fect the chances of a political,solution." >' I _ I Le Monde reported on 19 May 1979: I 'I .A. 'The Turkish Cypriot population begins to find unbear'tible' the hr&enc& of the" I / occupants; military forces on the one hand, and settlers on the‘other'.s .'About 30,000 were transplantep from.the deprived areas of Turkey:' ' ! The Turkish newspapqr Aydinlik ,aote on 27 August:l97%. :': -):. I . .'* :' II "At this.,mment:,the number of settlers.exceeds 50.,.000.. --<The ci>loniz‘ation : ' 1 .~ ;. policy still continues and every day,new Turkish?mainland settlers ,are':$ Y I ., . beginning to settle:,in,Cyprus. It,is.evident that'such a:large number-of" -.' .I 1 / settlers will.open the way to major changes in ~e"'demji3irdphi~'structrire of, '- I Cyprus." ,. ,- 1, _.6,?. .,, _ . . ..,S,' 2,. I.(, - ." / i In.,an,article publdshed,in the:Tur kish'GunaidincSupplement;;for the occupied- I areas, (7-14,January 19861, Nr. Ozker .Ozgur,,-.Turkish:Cypr.iot:leader"of'the I 1 ' ( ,. I : ., Republican Party, expressed str&g,disapproval .ofthe influx of:seftlersZ "Th"e Turk++ Cypriot, population;is.decreasing.:+ In the &i&t2 of di ij~pie'~wh0 flee abroad~to7earn.a livinq,.people.come “from Turkey under the :name;{f',,. ,z -,' .' . 'labaur,lforce!.. F Thip 'labour force' 'is turned>into a vote‘force fbr. I" " "“I ' 1 1. \. 7 1 chauvinjst, directed politicians..'.:Ifthis situation continues in 'this wayj'it \ ‘.. --., *) - ,. I’ -‘... _’ .: i / + /.’ ,l., . ..) ,., -, _, : ,. . 'Hee..wr&t& i' I i ; / ; -- :. ; ,, (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyp , rus) will, before long, be impossible to talk about the presence-of Turkish Cypriots . . . This time we must realize that we are faced with the danger of becoming a minority in northern Cyprus." In an article published in the Turkish Cypriot daily Yeniduzen on 19 June 1986, the same Republican Turkish Party leader asked: "Is there anyone who does not know how the population brought from Turkey under the guise of 'manpower' has been turned into a 'voting force' in favour of Denk tash?" In another recent article published in Yeniduzen on 29 JUne 1987, W. Ozgur continued: "Denktash is trying to mislead both the Turkish Cypriots and the world... His target will be realized through the annihilation of the Turkish Cypriots. The political and cultural identity of the Turkish Cypriots being negated . . . In order to please the -mainland settlers , Denktash gives approval for the massacre of his own community... This makes him happy because, as the number of settlers increases, Denktash's percentage of votes increases.* Mr. Ferdi Sabitin in an article published in theTUrkish Cypriot Yeniduzen on 16 September 1987, under the title "Emigration" says the following:. . . 'The Turkish Cypriots are at present being eradicated by their own administrators. The existence of the Turkish CypriOt,~~Unity‘iS'~~~ experiencing great difficulties. The current era is an.important periodsof time in which the Turkish Cypriots have felt.that their communal existence. is threatened. Safeguarding this existence is very important;- 3 remain.ing,alert and resisting this threat, is one of the more important tasks of'the,communal forces." . . . ^ . . I elaborated at some length on the issue of the colonist settlers fl because of our conviction that the Security Council should be fully appr. this ongoing grave development which constitutes one of the most serious against our people, so reminiscent of the dark ages, and which has place1 obstacles in the search for a solution to the Cyprus problem. It should matter of serious concern to the Security Council that notwithstanding t appeals by the Secretary-General that t I 0 . . . nothing should be done to change the demographic composition of the I island”, (S/19304s, para. 24) / Turkey, in arrogant defiance , continues with its mass importation of settlers in i the occupied areas of Cyprus.’ In this respect I wish to state emphatically that mY Government would welcome the appointment of an independent committee of legal experts in order to investigate the issue of settlers in the occupied areas. We I challenge the representative of Turkey likewise to accept .such an impartial commi t tee. . I With regard to the burning humanitarian issue of the 1,619 persond missing I since 1974, no trace of any one. has been found yet; and this despite the ample / evidence provided that & substantial number of Greek Cypriot missing persons were seen alive after the cessation of hostilities. The issue of missing persons in Cyprus , ,a purely humanitarian problem, continues today to cause:untold agony .to their families. That is why ,I 13 ,years after the Turkish invasion, the urgency for the solution of this issue, to the I satisfaction of those, directly concerned, is as great as ever. On. the &her hand, Varosha, which according to Security Council resolution 550 (1984) , should not be settled by ,other than its expelled inhabitarits and should -. have been handed over to the United Nations, still remains under the military control of Ankara, while the lawful inhabitants of the city are inhumanly and I / (Mr. Moushoutas, CyI m Turkey, ed of !r imes added be a >eated (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) cruelly barred by the Turkish troops from resettling it; The Secretary-General's representations for the evacuation of the hotels, most recently occupied after a push forward by the Turkish side, still remain unheeded. Turkey's responsibility with regard to the situation' in Varosha is confirmed by the Secretary-General himself in his report to the Security Council when he states that: 'I have reiterated on several occasions to the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot' ~~&uthorities~that 'the United Nations considers.the Government'of Turkey ' " responsible for maintaining the status quo in the fenced area of Varosha." (S/18880, para.' 28) In his-present report to the Security Council the Secr&ary-Gen.eral once again expresses his grave concern over -the situation,by stating-that:. : ., ;',."I: have again raised this matter on several-occasions with the Turkish "y ‘.authoritfes, including with'prirae Minister Ozal'and Foreign .I .I '. Minister Halefoglu,~and~have:urged-that the-‘status'quo be restored." " ' .,. : ,'- , z In the area of human rights‘and-fundamental fteedo&, notwithstanding the, "' plethora of international humanrights instruments setting uniform;.‘bindin.g st'andards, Turkey notor-iously s&nds.out as one of the, worst .vfolafors~of basic- .human rights .and norms.:' This'is evidenced by :the brutal uprooting &our people from their homes ,and lands.by the-Turkish army,‘:which corrmiitted.a seriesiof 'grave violations of human rights, fnclu'ding mass murder6 , iapes, plunder.and-loot&g&L All, these violations -weie reported by the European Commisslon‘on Human Rights)';an impar-tial judieial..tribunal, which 'constitutes' the '&ffective'machin&y Over&eing the application-of the',Eur+ean Convention-on Human Rights by'the States Parties. Cyprus invoked the jurisdiction of the European Commission on Human Rights, in September 1974 and in July 1975, as well as more recently. The European violations from 1974 onwards. In their report adopted .in July.1976, these distinguished jurists, members of the Commissjon, clearly pronounced themselves on I the gross violations of human rights in Cyprus as a result of the Turkish / fnvas ion. The same condemnation of Turkey is also expressed in a landmark I * resolution 1987/59, adopted on 10 May 1987 by the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in Geneva. Furthermore, as recently. as 2 September 1987, ,the I Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination. and .Protection of Minor’ities in another resolution - 1987/19 - pronounced itself on the continuation of grave, . 7’ gross and systematic violations of human rights in Cyprus ‘by Turkey. I 1 / / The destruction and plunder of. our cultural heritage and the desecration of I our churches, as well as the illegal change of place-names in the occupied areas of the Republic of Cyprus - the ,lattet ,.i,n flagrant vfolation.of .the resolution on i national standardisation adopted at the ,Third United ,Nations Conference on the / Standardiz,ation .of Geographica&,,.,Names -.:etill goeson, desptte. the :: : 1 ~ ,. I’ . . . ‘. ; j Secretary-General’s repeated firm’position that he attaches great importance to the .., _I ,. preservation of the ~religious and ,cultural heritage of the.:islrjnd: ._, I -” ; .- r Furthermore,.. the .ana,ch,&nistic Turkish policy of segregation, .so rl . ‘8 I hminiscen t ted ,in I.983 of: the ,policy of ,apartheid pursued.-.by the South,African:.r8gime, culminai I in ; the, purported secession of, the occupied I areas and the setting up by bkara .of ‘a I L’ ‘puppet entity $0 serve ?.its. ,interests, After recourse by .‘the Govetnmenl Republic, of Cyprus to ,ti,e Secur $.ty! Council in November’ 1983 ion this is! resolution’ 541 (19831 +?a$. adopted , which .,deplored .,the declaration of .tl SeCeSSiQn, considered i.t legally. invalid and called for its withdrawal ., also cn all States not t:o recognise the self-proclaimed puppet entity. of ;,*e . . :: c I uer ‘-: B purported .I It ‘called ,, In the subsequent year, In the subsequent year, and on the same subject of the purported secession, and on the same subject of the purported secession, Security Council resolution 550 (1984) was adopted, in response to the so-called Security Council resolution 550 (1984) was adopted, in response to the so-called exchange of Ambassadors between Turkey and,its puppet, and for other secessionist exchange of Ambassadors between Turkey and,its puppet, and for other secessionist acts. acts. The Security Council by this resolution condemned all secessionist actions, The Security Council by this resolution condemned all secessionist actions, declared them illegal and invalid, called for their immediate withdrawal and declared them illegal and invalid, called for their immediate withdrawal and reiterated the call upon all states not to recognize the aforesaid secessionist reiterated the call upon all states not to recognize the aforesaid secessionist , , entity. entity. It is therefore incongruous It is therefore incongruous , to say the least, that circulation of letters by , to say the least, that circulation of letters by this illegal entity is allowed in the United Nations, even when covering letters this illegal entity is allowed in the United Nations, even when covering letters are signed by the Permanent Representative of Turkey. are signed by the Permanent Representative of Turkey. It 'must be said, however It 'must be said, however , that as a consequence of the prohibiting provisions , that as a consequence of the prohibiting provisions of resolutions 541 (1983) and 550 (1984) .not a single self-respecting State has of resolutions 541 (1983) and 550 (1984) .not a single self-respecting State has recognized the puppet rdgime installed in the occupied areas of Cyprus. recognized the puppet rdgime installed in the occupied areas of Cyprus. ',. ',. . . It has all along been the position of.my Government that the withdrawal of .the It has all along been the position of.my Government that the withdrawal of .the Turkish occupation, troops and colonist settlers from Cyprus and the rescinding Of Turkish occupation, troops and colonist settlers from Cyprus and the rescinding Of the purported secession constitute the fundamental prerequisites for the solution the purported secession constitute the fundamental prerequisites for the solution of the problem of Cyprus. of the problem of Cyprus. On the subject of seeking a just and viable solution,. we,are grateful for the On the subject of seeking a just and viable solution,. we,are grateful for the efforts of the Secretary-General and his assistants. efforts of the Secretary-General and his assistants. We have done what we could to We have done what we could to facilitate such a solution but, as the Secretary-General points out .in his report, facilitate such a solution but, as the Secretary-General points out .in his report, the problem still remains unresolved, while tension continues. the problem still remains unresolved, while tension continues. ., ., _, _, .' .' I, - I, '1 I, - I, '1 ., ., 1' 1' ,, ', ,, ', . . i i . . .' . . .' : : In reiterating our support for the Secretary-General's mission of 'good offices ! in the search for-a just solution to the Cyprus problem based on the relevant United Nations resolutions and the high-level agreements of 1977 and 19791 we< I 1 I believe that urgent consideration of the substantive aspects of the problem of Cyprus - that is, the withdrawalof.the Turkish troops and settlers,,the question of international guarantees and the application of the three freedoms - is a I prerequisite to any meaningful dialogue. These -cardinal aspects regrettably have I not yet been given their due consideration, while the constitutional aspects of the I problem have been dealt with for ,the past 12 years. 1 / President Kyprianou has said that 1 / "There has been a tendency, in the light,of the difficulties created by the intransigence of Turkey , either to avoid or to postpone the tack, ing of !I the substance of the Cyprus problem. I believe,.,.. that no problem ,,n be solved by avoiding or postponing the tackling of its substance. The method of avoiding the real issue has not worked". (A/42/PV.32, p. 13) ! I / For, indeed, what would be the benefit if the internal constttutional aspects of our problem were agreed upon when we are told that even after such an agreement the occupation troops would remain in Cyprus? What is the use of agreeing on the I colour Of the flag, the State anthem or the number of Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot ministers when we are told that Turkey will retain "the right" to intervene militarily in Cyprus whenever it so decides? I ..a. In line with our position for priorities in the consideration of the . substantive issues, we have proposed the convening of a representative (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) international conference under the auspices of the United Nations to deal'with "the basic external aspects of the problem of Cyprus. The idea of holding an international conference on Cyprus is included in Generai Assembly r&olutiOn 34/30, adopted in A979, which was later reaffirmed by General As~eaibly resolution 37/253 - in 1983, the last time the question of Cyprus was considered lnthe.' " General Assembly. The Government of the Republic of Cyprus strongly supports the convening of such a representative conference, which we believe would'strengthen the hand of the Secretary-General and, what is mre, would be in a&&dance.with his mission of gOOd offices. :., J' We believe that the Secretary-General's mission of good offices should encompass procedures for the discussion of the withdrawal.of Turkish troops and settlers and the question of guarantees , as a matter of priority. The discussion of these questions is best dealt with in an international conference, since those two aspects form the crux of the problem of Cyprus. Can anyone seriously agree that Mr. Denktas has the pawet to decide on the withdrawal of the Turkiih'army from Cyprus? The answer is self-evident. A representative internationai Conference, however, can provide the Secretary-General with the methodology neaded for the withdrawal of the Turkish troops, in accordance with the provisions of Security Council resolutions. ; ,. . . : I; I .:; . ,, '- Faced with Turkish intransigence . '.i.' , and in order to unmask the much-invoked" pretext of the need for protection of the Turkish Cypriot community, and, what is .' more, in our earnest desire to find a just solution, thus assisting the mission 'of the Secretary-General, . President Kyprianou proposed the complete 'demilitarizat~dn“' .'-' of the Republic, as the Secretary-General's rep&t (S/19304, pa'ra. 52) makes /' clear. Speaking from the rostrum of the General Assembly on '9 October this Year, .I' the President solemnly presented this proposal again. He said: ,.A I i ,.: l **’ I renewed' that offer yesterday during my meeting with the I 1 s Secretary-General - to dismantle our own defences and dissolve our'.own I National Guard, if all Turkish troops and other personnel,'including!the I settlers from Turkey, are-,withdrawn from Cyprus,.so that the-Greek‘cypriots <.$, . . ,_ .s I and Turk,jsh Cypriots can settle their internal problems ,in conditions of peace, without,foreign interference. Part of my proposal is also the : '. . / I establishment of an international peace force under United Nations >auspicis, I whose composition and terms,of reference would be agreed and endorsed by'the : * I Security Council, for the purpose of strengthening the sense of security internally. It goes without saying that, together with the withdrawal of the Turkish troops and settlers, the so-called Turkish Cypriot army must also be dismantled and dissolved. In fact, my proposal means the total / / demilitarization of the Republic of Cyprus , with the exception of the international peace force envisaged in my proposal and a reasonably'~mal1 :- I mixed local police force. : 1 ,i: "It is Of course obvious that in such circumstances sufficient - . international guarantees must be ensured to protect Cyprus from any outside danger or threat," (AJ42/PV.32, p. 17) I We repeat this solenm proposal by the President today, in this body,ibecause I we believe in its general acceptance and because we want to dispel any lingering I doubts as to the absence of good faith on the part of Turkey. I challenge the representative of Turkey to point to a single similar, reciprocal step ta L en by his : ./ I Government towards complying with any of the provisions of the unanimuslk adopted' General Assembly resplution 3212 (XXIX) - which Turkey itself supported ahd which I was later, unanimously endorsed in Security Council resolution 365 (1974).1 I ask him to point to the withdrawal of a single Turkish soldier in conformity with those ./ I ! I I and other United Nations resolutions. He does not have to. search hard. ~‘t@t ‘:a single soldier has been withdrawn. As a matter of fact, in a display o’f ari-o&&e”’ characteristic of i international banditry, Ankara has increased its troops, as is ’ officially documented. in the Secretary-Generalgs.:present. and ipr&io$!$~‘~~~f~~~‘f~o~ . . which I have already quoted. What is morei not a single Cypriot.refut&e~Wat beetf:~‘- allowed to return to his ancestral home. To add insult to ’ in jury; ‘we read; e’: ; “’ .I - instead, in Mr. Denktag’s letter of 21.April 1986 to the Secretary-General &” zi”-‘-e obviously dictated by the Government of Turkey - that + T ‘k- ’ ’ L *‘? “AS for the withdrawal of non-Cypriot troops , excluding t’hma ‘. ma-t !“afe .:t& -.“: ;: . remain on the island, there can be no withdrawal . ..(I (S/l8102/Add,l, antieir ti, p* 21) /,, ,. ) -+ ‘.“.’ ” / That is the reply-of Ankara ,to the Security Council, resolutions demanding, the ‘. ’ withdrawal of the- Turkish troops from Cyprus , and to the Secretary-General’s repeated appeals. to Turkey *to make a start by reducing ‘its -forces” (S/19304, ( para. 55) . ,. ” : (i, r “. ,: . > ? .‘; { . I% y, The Turkish allegation that Turkish troops invaded Cyprus and r&in.^there .:in ’ ““.” Y”’ accordance with the Treaty of Guarantee his, to say’the,least, absurd. Th& ‘lfr&ty’ never gave rights to Turkey or to anyone else to use force, as Turkey did in 19.74;” and does not provide for the presence of any .foreign troops: in’ the $&3ui&.‘“.“If corroboration of this were necessary, it suffices to quote the then Foreign “‘-Y ” Minister of the United Kingdom, Mr. James Callaghan, e. stated’, fii n:& ;in&&& : ‘, - terms, that he considered the Turkish action to have occurred outside the ‘fr&&ork of the Treaty of Guarantee. ! ,‘., .: . . ,.-* e-r- ZifL .,-.- . .., ,*._i : ,, A,- Ambassador Turkmen fS Well Versed in it, I would again'remind him of Article 2 ‘(4) of the Charter, which calls on all Member States to refrain from the use sf .fokce ! i@..+~nt$rnati?nal ,relations,.Band -that any interpretation’ to the effect that the I Treaty; gave -..tbe :rLght to .any guarantor to useforce would render that Treaty proViSiOn~C?Ontrary to:Article 2 :( 4) df the Charter and wbuld ipso fact6 6e nuil and I void, as is clearly stipulated by Article 103 of the United Nations Charter,: I The Turkish pretext that the. increase in the occupation troops is in response to the.:strengthenin,g,of our National Guard cannot’be taken seriously - not only I because Turkey is 110 times the size of Cyprus but, more so, because its /forces of ,; / I occupation on the island are already four times larger in number, excluding the ; I tremendous increase in the number of their tanks. These Turkish forces, ‘the I establishment of the .vast military airport in Lefkonico and the new military’ port I Of Kyrenia Cl~rly.Signal the malicious Turkish intentions.' The right"bf the '.;' j I Victim of aggression to defend itself cannot be disputed. Our meagre miXitary j forces, as..compare,d to those of Turkey, are for self-de'fence purposes only. 'Our sense .of self-respect dictates that we stand and face any further Turkish military adventures in our ..island. ,. I j 21,yurther~re, as we have ,,stated r@peatedly, the Government of Cyprus jis committed to a peaceful settlement. We remain determined to.seek justice! through I the ,.vnited Nations, th.e Organisation whose principles constitute the corner-stone I of our .foreign policy and the. framework within which a just and lasting settlement _ I, of our problem can be found. We believe that the people of ‘Cyprus as a whole stand to benefit from a solution which will bring an end to the 13 years of military I occupation and will allow unimpeded freedom to all our people to move and reside I all over the island, whether they are Greek Cypriots or Turkish Cypriots. (Mr. Moushoutas , Cyprus) These aspirations of our people , and their yearning for un$ty, pea-ce .and -. co-operation .in a federal republic, are fully shared by my ,Government because they:? are in-accord with the relevant. United Nations resolutions and the high-level .; agreements of 1977 and l979. , d ‘i” I-<:’ =’ .” ; ~, j I 8, * .<:,,w: -.. f In this respect I should like to express deepest, appreciation, to our .,-‘+Q: .:::., I :. ,. >, Secretary-General, Mr. Perez de Cuellar, for his untiring efforts and, to assure, him once again of our, fullest co-operation and continued support for, his +ssion .of r. . good offices. ‘: ,1 : ,) .., ‘. ,;.“‘.‘. :’ . ., We express our gratification .at the Secretary-General’s appointment.:,of ,,,?. ; .::: ‘:.:) Mr. Oscar Camilion, a seasoned Argentine diplomat , as his Special Representative in Cyprus. In wishing Mr. Camilion success, we assure him of the full,~-operat$c,n of our Government in ,his difficult mission. I would also take this. opportunity to, pay a well deserved tribute to Mr. James Holgar, the retiring Acting Special Representative of the Secretary-General, .for his most valuable services ..to the . . :.. _ cause of peace. We wish him well in his future endeavours. :. :. , I <; ._.’ We commend the significant contribution of Under-Secretary-Genqal I’ ::‘s:‘ Mr. Marrack Gaulding, and of his able colleagues Messrs. ,Gustave Feissel and /. Giandomenico Picco, and their continuous efforts to advance the United Nat.ions : objectives in Cyprus. 4.; -. ?. 1 i ” - ‘- r !:“a -; *%C?)’ L. . ,L,,’ My Government’s deep appreciation goes also to Major-General G. .Greindl, ;.,.:*.: Commander of UNIbP, and to his officers and men for the dedicated manner,: in .,wh&ch I they continue to carry out their duties in the face of many adversities. ,.Je i . express warm feelings of gratitude and appreciation to all the friendly Governments which through voluntary contributions of personnel and funds have ,:en~led.,UNPICXP- . . to.continue rendering its indispensible peace-keeping services in the island., : .I ., . .._ . ,, : (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) I Speaking on behalf of a Member State of the United Nations half freeland half I occupied, and on behalf of a people segregated against its will by force of arms j one third of whom are refugees in their own land, I wish'to express our deepest and I warmest appreciation for the continued solidarity of this body in our struggle to rid ourselves .of the shackles of occupation and forced segregation. ,/. _ 1 At the same time I wish respectfully to submit on behalf of my Government and I our mudh-tormented people that the time is long overdue for the Security Council to consider taking effective remedial action in accordance with the specific provisions of the Unfted Nations Charter designed"to bring about complianke by Turkey with the Council's repeated edicts on Cyprus. We believe that Cyprus' fate is inseparably and directly tied to the! Security I Council's effectiveness and to the world's future. I We also believe that Cyprus' I continued tragedy is no doubt mankind's tragedy.. I

I thank the representative I of Cyprus for the kind words he addressed to me. The next speaker is the representative of Greece, upon whom I now call. i Mr. ZEROS (Greece): Allow me at the outset to congratulate you, Sir; on I your assumption of the presidency of the Security Council for the current month. I Your wide experience, your diplomatic ability and tact will certainly be of enornrous benefit to this body and the task of the preservation of peace and security that are attributed to it by the Charter. I wish also to congratulate the President of the Security Council for the month of November, the Permanent Representative of Japan, Ambassador Kikuphi, for I the extremely,efficient way in'which he discharged his duties. The.Security Council has just renewed the mandate of the United Nations Force in Cyprus for a further six months on the basis of the Secretary-General's I (Mr. Zepos, Greece) recommendations contained in his report. My Government has concurred in this extension, as the Government of the Republic of Cyprus has declared,its consent on the matter. Here I should like to pay tribute to all the countries which, by prov~&g"'.'"“' military and civilian personnel, equipment and financial support throughout I" previous years have made possible the existence and the peace-keeping activities of UNFICXP. I would particularly thank the Governments of Austria and Canada for having provided additional personnel to UNFICYP in a manner which, in accordande with the assessment made by the Secretary-General , has enabled the Force to'exeoa'te the task entrusted to it. May I also express our thanks to the officers and men of UNFICYP, who, under particularly difficult conditions, have to carry out their delicate task. My Government has constantly taken a firm position in support of United Nations peace-keeping operations in every instance in which such operations have been required. We believe that this involvement of the United Nations translates into concrete action and deeds the declared attachment of all Member States to the principles of the Charter. ,_ * :, ,b. I Therefore, we greatly value contributions in the form of military personnel Or financial means, as confirmation of support for an undertaking for the maintenance I I of peace and security and the avoidance of situations which might lead to I confrontation and war. These risks should be averted at all costs, and there is no .~: I greater cost than that of war. Consistent with this approach, my Government supports the Secretary-General's proposal to place the financing of UNFICYP on a / 1 more equitable basis, by means of assessed contributions, and in that event mY Government would maintain our contribution at the level of its present voluntary I contrjbution. / I Peace-keeping operations may have to be supported for a long period of time, / as long as mandatory resolutions , such as those of the security Council! fail to be I respected and implemented , as has been the case of resolutions concerning‘the I problem of Cyprus, which clearly determine the responsibility of Turkey1 in Particular, because of its forces' invasion of Cyprus in 1974 and its support for / secessionist actions. I refer in particular to Security Council resolution 365 (1974), endorsing General Assembly resolution 3212 (XXIX), and resolutions , 541 (1983) and 550 (1984). It is astonishing that a Member State - Turkey - not only objects ito the ! I decision concerning the renewal of UNFICYP*s mandate but sees fit to propagate remarks attributed to others, allegedly doubting the continuing validity of the I original concept underlying the creation of the Force. Those remarks were made by I the representative of Turkey only last June, on an occasion similar to'itoday's; I indeed, they should lead to everyone's understanding the deeper intentions of the I Turkish Government, which; objecting to the decision to extend UNFICYP;s mandate, is obviously seeking a solution by force of arms, by the continuing oc&atiOn of the territory of the Republic of Cyprus and by secessionist actions which have been i (Mr. zepos, Greece) further aggravated by the continuing implantation of settlers from the Turkish. mainland. The latest report by the Secretary-General on.Cyprus (s/19304), dated 30 November 1987, presents a bleak picture of the situationon the island., *Here. I fully concur with and support the information given and the views expressed by,,the representative of Cyprus. My Government-appreciates the dedication with which the- Secretary-General, Mr. Perez de Cuellar, continues his mission of good offices, and fully recognizes the adversities and difficulties he encounters in his task of seeking a solution based on the resolutions of the Security Council and of the General' Assembly. Ne'welcome the appointment of Mr. Oscar Camilidn as Special Representative of the Secretary-General. He deserves every possible support in his own efforts to reach such a solution. The problems involved in such a task are clearly outlined In the Secretary-General's report, which refers to United Nations resolutions. In this regard, we note with satisfaction the appeal made by the Secretary-General,to the Prime Minister and the Minister for Foreign-Affairs of Turkey to,reduce their forces on the island; this is in line with the mandatory call for the withdrawal of ail foreignoccupation forces from the Republic of Cyprus. Equally, the Secretary-General urges the Turkish Government to restore the status quo at Varosha, and urges that nothing should be done to change the island's demographic composition. For any attempt to solve an international problem, such as that of Cyprus,, to be successful, or at least credible, has to rely on strict adherence to the principles of the Charter and the resolutions of the United Nations. The time factor is an important element. But far more important is the sub%tance and. legitimacy of the solution if it is to be just and viable. Therefore, the withdrawal of all military forces and settlers from hprus constitutes an absolute ..,,. -- ?‘ 'I ..,\ _ 2;;: . . (Mr. Zepos, Greece) / .:. . I priority'before there is a ‘possibility of a solution. The Security Council should alS0 consider the proposal made by President Kyprianou , which is fully supported by , the Greek Government, for the demilitarization of the Republic,of Cyprus; as' I referred to tin-paragraph 52.of.the Secretary-General's report; .If the'term I "wftidrawalof ,foreign.occupying':forces" .- totally clear and consistent with United Nations resolutions containing it-- needs further elaboration, which it should.not; I the proposal for ,the total demilitarization of the Republic provides further Clear and solemn confirmation that this is'the only road that should be follo&d to solve I this problem; which has persisted for years. 1 I By providing Cyprus, through'the presence of UNFICYP, with certain /elementary I conditions of stability and peace, under the prevailing precarious circumstances I there;we should take advantage of the determination of the great-majority of Member states to see an increase in the efficiency of the Security Council. In the / else of Cyprus; not only have we been unable to register any progress since 1974 . toward%the.main requirement of-withdrawal of the forces occupying the territory of I I a sovereign'country, .but we are also'corifronted with the inability of the United Natiotis"to impose implementation of a decision of comparably lesser grapty, but still of vital importance - the transfer of the area of Varosha to the-1 I I administration cf‘ the United Nations. '. ,. . . ,:/ p ';-'The Turkish side is contesting every resolution it does not like, /in an / extraordinary display of contempt for any form of legitimacy prescribed by the I United Nations-and international, law. The same negative.,attitude is shown in the case of resolutions of the Commission on Human Rights and the Sub-Comm ssion on 1 I ?revention of Discrimindtion and Protection of Minorities, in a vehement manner I characCeristic6f, reactions of countries responsible for violations of/human rights. Finally, I,wish to refer briefly to a matter raised by the Permanent ' .I Representative of Turkey at the end,of.the previous debate in the Security Council .’ ., (Mr. Zepos, Greece) on 12 June 1987, when he attempted to propagate allegations that Greece entertains aspirations to annex Cyprus. I very much regret that my learned .Turkish colleague, Mr. Turkmen, ‘saw. fit to:divert the attention and concern of Member States from the fundamental responsibility of his Government in continuing,, the military-&2!:cup;a~fon ii of a sovereign State. Mr. Tur kmen alluded then to -a decision. of ,a: Greek,: i=ourt;: On 21 March 1979, which allegedly .recognized that.Turkey had, in &cordance $&th: fiie Zurich and London Accords, a legal right to intervene militarily in CyprUS’i’~ ML’ colleague should tiheck his sources of information,’ because the decision ‘rendered in fact on 21 March. 1979, under No. 2658/1979, given by him, by the’Athei& CW35’ O’P’ 9 Appeal is relevant to Cyprus, follwing a petition for indemnity against the ‘Greek. State by the relatives of a Greek soldier killed in action on 22 July 1974; after ;, the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. I have available the original text with an official translation in English, from which I shall quote the follwing sentences;. “During. the first-ten days of July., the President of the Cypriot Republic, Archbishop Makarios, having reliable information that’ some of- XfiQ’ 5 ‘I.- Cyprus-serving Greek officers were plotting against Cyprus‘ and aga-iast hfs ’ -T-;,‘. personal life,’ asked the then Government of Androutsopoulos, appointed by ‘,’ ,‘I Dictator Brigadier Ioannides, that they be replaced by other officers; But in ” l,ieu of any other official -answer, there broke, at on’ aJuly ,lsth-g :I934 & 5h@ i I ~?X? universally known coup against ‘Makar $0~ staged by. Ioannides, who was ,aided <‘by ’ Mich. Georgitsis, Commander of the National Guard” L , \ i -. !, ; 1 and others. ’ ., -, ,. ,,‘, “.’ . . ‘.: * z (Mr. Zepos, Greece) ,I :.-. , ,..... .._ ,. .:‘,.: 3 _.., :They . . T . abolished the constitutional status of Cyprus and appointed I , !, Uikos .Sampson ,-as temporary President of Cyprus , who was sentenced for his said complicity in 1978 by the Criminal Court of Nicosia., The Turks, taking :: / .~:.~~adv.antage~~of~ this unique: opportunity, ,launched a military invasion ‘on Cyprus ~ r,f(Kyrenia;) ‘:on 20 July- 1974i The .Greek Cypriot military forces star.ted r I -. defending the motherland, ‘and asked for reinforcements to be sent to’ them from Athens”.. ;... I I lThough others.,Fy wish, to rewrite history, I categorically state c .,; tha: this is I not my:, intention. .The. coup of 15 July 1974 staged against the leader of a sovereign independent State was an act of high treason perpetrated by mil’itary . . conspirat0r.s against Archbishop Makarios. The conspirators, whose act served i Turkey as a pretext for invading Cyprus ,’ are serving life sentences in Greece: ! They never expressed the will or the true aspirations of Greece, and I consider. not I just totally unfounded, but ludicrous , allegations made. or statements circulated by the Turkish Mission to, the United Nations , casting doubt on the long-standing defence .by,.Greece -of the .independence , swereignty and territorial integrity of I Cyprus. * ,-. / I : -The least one would expect of a Government which is responsible for the s i 1 continuing accupation of the territory of a sovereign State is some form !of respect I for .$he [principles and rules of law it pretends to honour, rather than this revealing lack of consistency. I , I I The PRESIDENT (interpretation from Russian) : I thank the representative of Greece for the kind words he addressed to me. The next speaker is Mr. Ozer Koray, to whom the Security Council has extended I an invitation in accordance with rule 39 of its provisional rules of procedure. I I invite him to take a place at the Council table and to make his statement. ,. ,. Mr. KORAY: Mr. KORAY: First of all, Mr. President, I should like to thank you, and First of all, Mr. President, I should like to thank you, and : : __ . . i( __ . . i( through you the other members of the Security Council, for affording me this through you the other members of the Security Council, for affording me this ,, ,, opportunity to participate in the Council's present debate and express the views of opportunity to participate in the Council's present debate and express the views of , , /. /. the Turkish Cypriot Government the Turkish Cypriot Government , , -;‘ -;‘ j j as one of the two parties directly concerned, on as one of the two parties directly concerned, on .' .’ ,. ,. ,- I .'. ,- I .‘. <' ." ,,i <’ .” ,,i ,, ., : .; ,, ., : .; ., ., i;.i ;Ir i;.i ;Ir the extension of the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus. the extension of the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus. ,, ; _ .-,.Y,~':'-. ,_, ,, ; _ .-,.Y,~':'-. ,_, WNFICYP) for a further period of six months and on various other aspects of the WNFICYP) for a further period of six months and on various other aspects of the ; ,-. ; ,-. Cyprus problem. Cyprus problem. 4 4 .', : .', : :. :. In exactly one week, on 21 December, we shall be entering the twenty-fifth In exactly one week, on 21 December, we shall be entering the twenty-fifth "., "., .I .I 'year of the Cyprus problem. 'year of the Cyprus problem. It should be apparent to everybody'by now that this It should be apparent to everybody'by now that this : : 1 .- ; ',; ; 1 .- ; ',; ; T*' I x T*' I x ._ I ._. ._ I ._. problem was created by the Greek Cypriot side with the sole aim of annihilating, problem was created by the Greek Cypriot side with the sole aim of annihilating, .,' ,. .,' ,. through the use of brutal force, through the use of brutal force, the the Turkish Cypriot population and destroy-ing the Turkish Cypriot population and destroy-ing the (. -. (. -. bi-national Republic of Cyprus. bi-national Republic of Cyprus. As a result of the first premeditated armed onslaught by the Greek Cypriots As a result of the first premeditated armed onslaught by the Greek Cypriots against the Turkish Cypriot people throughout 'the island during Uecember 1963 in against the Turkish Cypriot people throughout 'the island during Uecember 1963 in accordance with the insidious Akritas plan, accordance with the insidious Akritas plan, the Turkish Cypriot component of the the Turkish Cypriot component of the / / ', ', : : Republic was forcibly ejected from all State organs and institutions Republic was forcibly ejected from all State organs and institutions - hence the - hence the -; -.,,I . . ,,,._ -; -.,,I . . ,,,._ collapse of the Cyprus Republio. collapse of the Cyprus Republio. ,'. j . . ,'. j . . Between 1963 and 1974 the Greek Cypriots continued, in their usurped capacity Between 1963 and 1974 the Greek Cypriots continued, in their usurped capacity '- '- as YGovernment of the Republic of eprus", as YGovernment of the Republic of eprus", ,’ ,’ to wage a ruthless war of terrorism and to wage a ruthless war of terrorism and ,; 1 -. ,; 1 -. : / : / ;‘...’ ‘;Z :j*$ ;‘...’ ‘;Z :j*$ oppression. against the Turkish Cypriot population, one fourth of which had become oppression. against the Turkish Cypriot population, one fourth of which had become refugees in their homeland after being driven out of 103 villages, leaving behind refugees in their homeland after being driven out of 103 villages, leaving behind ."' ."' ., ,..'. ., ,..'. all their possessions. all their possessions. Hundreds of Turkish Cypriot civilians were killed during Hundreds of Turkish Cypriot civilians were killed during 1 1 that period. that period. The.Greek Cypriot Administration then tried, but failed, to break the The.Greek Cypriot Administration then tried, but failed, to break the > .~,l : > .~,l : Turkish Cypriots' heroic resistance by imposing an inhuman all-out economic embargo Turkish Cypriots' heroic resistance by imposing an inhuman all-out economic embargo on Turkish Cypriot areas. on Turkish Cypriot areas. ,. , ,. , '. , '. , '.. '.. ,. ,. * * I‘n’spite of those historical realities, we note with displeasure that the / Greek Cypriot side, which destroyed the hi-communal independence of the $960 Republic of Cyprus, was and still is treated by the international cornunity as the only legitimate entity in the island. we believe that the time has come j for ~ : everybody to reappraise the whole situation. I * i I do not wish & dwell in greater detail on the roots of the Cyprus:question or on the tragic years between 1963 and 1974, a period when Greek Cypriot tyranny .a took it& &.-on the Turkish Cypriot people. The misdeeds and atrocities committed I _I by the Greek Cypriot Administration during those 11 turbulent years are &ell documented and may be easily traced in the reports of the United Nations Secretaries-General of the period. Neither do I wish to elaborate on the events of .I 1974, which constituted final links in the chain of Greek and Greek Cypriot / agitation for enosis, leading. to the eventual total separation of the two peoples I and the creation of two States in the island. Today the two’separate and independent States in Cyprus exercise j and.contrdl ‘only over their own respective territories. The territory a Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is under the full control of the TI If Cypriot authorities and is administered under the Constitution and the 1 . thereunder by democratically elected institutions. The authority Of ti and unconstitutional Greek Cypriot Administration in South Cyprus has I extended to North Cyprus, which the Turkish Cypriots inhabit and contra I W. Given that state of affairs, the Ky;?rianou Administration knows or that the perpetuation of its image as the “Government of Cyprus” depend number of one-sided resolutions it can obtain from international forunu made abundantly clear in Mr. Kyprianou’s own .words, taken from a speech made abundantly clear in Mr. Kyprianou’s own .words, taken from a speech in Limassol on 27 September 1987: in Limassol on 27 September 1987: (Mr. Kora+j i II: isdiction If the ,kish .aws made le ! illegal !ver y too well on the That is de1 ivered L . . (Mr. ROray) I . . . United Nations resolutions may not have provided a solution to-the Cyprus issue up to new. But if such resolutions did not exist; then Cyprus would not have aoquired the international identity which it holds today, ..." The latest attempts by the Greek Cypriot Administration to have 'the Cyprus !r issue debated at the forty-second session of the General Assembly demonstrated 'Once again that the Greek Cypriot side is not genuinely interested in reaching a final solution of the issue with the Turkish Cypriots on agreed principles of a ~ hi-communal, bi-zonal federal Republic composed of two equal par&er peoples, as :I envisaged in the 1977 and 1979 high-level agreements and as incorporated into the 29 March 1986 draft framework agreement presented by the Secretary-General to the two sides as the agreed foundation for a final negotiated settlement. The negotiating process , conducted within the framework of the Secretary-General's mission of good offices, has not yet produced any result awing to the impasse created and perpetuated by the Greek Cypriot side's intransigence and its campaign for the internationalization of the Cyprus issue in complete contravention of the spirit of the whole process of negotiations and outside the framework of the mission of good offices of. the Secretary-General. We hope end trust that in the very near future the world will put an end to this injustice. ! I In this connection, it is with great encouragement that we take note of the recent developments with regard to the Greek Cypriot recourse to the forty-second / session.of the United Nations General Assembly. We view these developments as a I clear indication that the majority of the membership of the United Nations strongly I favours bilateral negotiations, under the auspices of the Secretary-General, as the Only venue through which the Cyprus issue can be solved. By not supporting the I Greek Cypriot side in their recourser Member States have chosen not to be a party I to theGreek Cypriot side's futile manoeuvres aimed at undermining the / Secretary-General's efforts in search of a negotiated settlement in Cyprus. / ! The'Minister for Foreign Affairs and Defence of the Turkish Republic of / Northern Cyprus, Dr. Kenan Atakol, in a statement delivered to the presq 18 November 1987 at United Nations Headquarters, expressly summed up t the Turkish Cypriot side in this connection in the following manner: 'We hope that this clear and constructive message of the ini community will not be lost on the Greek Cypriot side. We also hc Greek Cypriot side will finally grasp that the problem of Cyprus a debate at or another resolution of the General dssembly, but a lasting settlement which can be arrived at only through meaningfr negotiations to be conducted in good faith between the two people island, within the right framework that the Secretary-General's ( '4; provides." Contrary to the Greek Cypriot's repeated allegations, the Turkish political parties , re-presenting the free will of the Turkibh Cypriot E undivided on the basic and most important issues pertaining to a futur solution of the Cyprus question. The united St&d of the Turkish CypI (Mr.,Koray) i :hi 3 feeling of rnational teJ / ? that the 3es not need ast and *pr iot )ple, remain federal at side was (Mr. Kor ay) recently confirmed by a joint resolution adopted unanimously by the Legislative Assembly of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus on 30 October 1987 calling upon the States Members of the United Nations not to give any credence to the Greek Cypriot side ‘6 efforts to use the Uni.ted Nations as, a medium for its futile propaganda and also, among other things, emphasiz ing the imperative nature of ,-the effective guarantee of Turkey for the security of life of the Turkish Cypriot people. .I shall quote the following paragraphs of the said resolution: “4. It is because of the bitter experiences of the past that .the i ‘effective guarantee of Turkey is a sine qua non. for the security of life ,of the Turkish Cypriot people. =5. The Turkish Cypriot people have always approached the efforts of the United Nations Secretary-General aimed at finding a negotiated SOlutiOn to the Cyprus question, within the framework of his mission of good offices, in a constructive spirit and in good will: In line with this positive attitude, the Turkish Cypriot side has reiterated, at every opportunity, its support for a solution on the basis of an. independent , non-aligned, bi-national, bi-zonal federal republic based on the equal political status of the two peoples, as envisaged in the summit agreements of 1977 and 1979, and has accepted the -^ United Nations Secretary-General’s Draft Framework Agteement of 29 March 1986, which envisages such a solution. “6. As also envisaged in the said document of the’united Nations Secretary-General, -the Cyprus question is an integrated whole, the different . aspects of which cannot be taken up in isolation from, one another. “7. In order to find‘s just and lasting solution to the. question, we , call on the Greek Cypriot side to accept the document of 29 March 1986 without. further delay. ‘. \ i *4 'I.8 ._. .,, . IMr. Koray) ~.-,/ . “8.’ We hereby declare .that an administration elected solely by the Greek / i , Cypriots'and to which only Greek Cypriots can be elected, whose legislative, I executive and judiciary organs as well as administrative structure-and / security"fotces"~re-'dons-ccl-sblely.df':Greek Cypriots, does not ha&the I,. + ," ' I 'auth6rity'ta.rep~esent, or speak'on behalf of, the Turkish Cypriot people." The fuil text of'the'said resolution can be found in United Nations document A/42/721-S/19256 of 9 November 1987. I should nti like to touch.upon a matter which , unfortunately, has once againfound its way in the'report of the Secretary-General, namely, the statuS:Of I Varosha. In view of the Greek Cypriot side's incessant misinformation campaign on I the subject, it has become imperative'that I restate the Turkish Cypriot' position on Varosha in order to dispel, once.and for all, any possible confusion.on the / issue. \ I i At the outset; let me restate -and make it perfectly clear - as I have already : 1 done'in'my 'previousstate-ment tg the Security Council and as my President.stated in hts letter addressed to the Secretary-General on 11'May 1987 and reiterated at his I meeting with the Secretary-General on 1 October 1987 - that Varosha is part and 1 parcel of the territory of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The status of I Varosha'is 'not 'dZfferent' from'any other area oi our Republic. It is only the i ._ Government of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus that has full and ;exclusive I / jurisidction and sovereignty over Varosha. And I should also remind the Greek I -' Cypriot side and'others that causing false confusion over irrelevant matters will not"tiarrant any aiteration'in the status of Varosha. 1 Another focal point of the.Greek Cypriot propaganda machine is the {alleged "influx of settlers ftom'Turkey*. Such propaganda terms employed by the Greek i Cypkiots are but formulations designed to cover up the long-standing attempts of I / I (Mr. Koray) Greece and the Greek Cypriots themselves to occupy the whole islandG cOmpletely~ltO ,.' ', alter its demographic structure I and to have it colonized under Greece by mean;s of,,, armed violence and suppression. .'. ": /, ,~.I . . : '. ? Since 1974 there exist in Cyprus two entities; _ -PozitLc~SlY~ a?.$! 9,qw?capMc~~&~’ ; separate - each exercising control and jurisdiction over its own people in its respective zone. It goes without saying that migration of labour and immigration in general and the entry and exit procedures for everyone are within the competence and jurisdiction of the Government of the.Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and are administered according to the relevant laws and regulations currently in force in our Republic. The Greek Cypriots are not, as they claim to be, entitled to decide &o should travel to, from or< within the territory of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, or who should settle or even live in the part of the island which is outside their jurisdiction and.control. It should be recalled in this connection that annex D of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment contains detailed provisions on the question of citizenship- Section 4, paragraph 2, of tha6 annex defines ‘a person of Cypriot origin” as a person who was, on 5 November 1914, an Ottoman subject ordinarily resident in the island of Cyprus or.who is descended in the male line from such a person and reserves the right to acquire citizenship. The Constitution of the- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus , under article 67, also reserves the right to citizenship of those who possessed., the right to acquire citizenship of the Republic .‘ , . of Cyprus under annex D of the Treaty of Establishment of the Republic of Cyprus but who are not ordinarily resident in Northern Cyprus, ,.. I believe similar laws and regulations .apply in the south also. 5 ; . . . Turkish’ RepUblic 02’ Northern Cyprus does not do business in secrecy. The! names of all persons who acquire Turkish Cypriot citizenship under our r&ev&nt la? are puJSi”&she’d:Yn ‘th& bffi&l ,Gah&te of our &public for everyone to see. :. : (Mr. Koray) We should also not forget that the Greek Cypriots'who take such 6, keen ," -"I " interest in demographics today are the same people who refused to.g<ve birth " .certificates to Turkish Cypriot children between 1963 and 1974, who willingly issued one-way passports to Turkish Cyprii& but of'i& i~l&&~&"r&&&d &t#& ail those who'wished to return, including Pres.ident Denktash hi&elf:, thO~v?aS ,L barred from Cyprus and had to live in exile for 'five years. That is why evar:p .' ". Turkish Cypriot household has one or more members of its family outside the',is'lad today - in Turkey, the United Kingdom, Australia,' Canada, the United'States and' ' elsewhere. Therefore, if anyone has tried to change &e de&ra$hic's'tru&ure of Cyprus, it was none other than the Greek Cypriot side; While they did everything to dislocate the Turkish Cypriots, the Greek Cypriot population wa& augmented bY the importation of large numbers of people from Greece and by settling in the island discharged mainland Greek soldiers who were in Cyprus clandestinely- Another issue which is frequently being exploited by the Greek Cypriot Side for political propaganda purposes is the missing'persons issue. This huinanit~~~E@’ issue would have been settled long ago had it not been for the' pclitfcally~ " '^ motivated foot-dragging tactics of the Greek Cypriot side. We sincerely hope that the Greek Cypriot side will stop its ill-motivated campaign and allow the‘Missing Persons Commfttee to continue'with'its weij-defineh.'huniani~r;;ridn. task'in accorh&n&e with the agreed terms of reference. ,f 1. The Turkish Cypriot side is closely monitoring the military build-up iti SbOth Cyprus. Added to what has already been purchased since 1982, huge amounts 0f'NOtieY have been spent in recent months to purchase sophisticated weaponry, and much more' ., is being allocated for the same purpose. Those weapons ar& not ,-as implied, for'. '. .'. /.' '. ; ';' : : defensive purposes because, from past experience, the Turkish Cypriots a familiar,with Greek Cypriot intentions. If, though not desired, those I lead to undesirable consequences, all those assisting the Greek Cypriots m$.litary build-up will bear heavy responsibilities. I should now like briefly to reiterate the position of the Turkish Northern Cyprus regarding the resolution just adopted by the Security Cc in the case of similar previous resolutions of the Council, my Covernmer this, resolution in toto as a basis for the extension of UNFICYP's mandal same established and fundamental reasons. Those reasons are well documc therefore need not be repeated here again. Even the mere reference in 1 resolution to the Greek Cypriot Administration as the "Government Of Cyl renders it totally unacceptable to the Turkish Cypriot side. An entity violated even the most fundamental principles of human rights and freed< fOrtXfully and illicitly occupied the seat of Government in total infril constitutional.provisions and subjected the Turkish Cypriot people to u1 and ill-treatment can only be called a 'despotic", Qsurper" and "impos No&thstanding its unavoidable rejection, in toto, of the present for the reasons outlined above, the Government of the Turkish Republic 4 Cyprus is nevertheless favourably disposed to accept the presence of UN1 territory of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, on the same basis stated in June 1987. Thus, our position continues to be that the print: scope, the modalities and the procedures of co-oper.ation between the au the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and DNFICYP shall be based Only decisions taken solely by the Government of the Turkish Republic of Nor Before concluding, I should like to take this opportunity to reite support of my Government for the good offices mission of the Secretary- ', which reaffirm its commitment to the 29 March 1986 'Draft Framework Agreement' ! I (Mr. Koray) e all too eparations in their I I epublic of ncil. As iil i rejects , for the ted and sn hich has 1s. ,ement of .old misery #ta re'gfme. 'r esolution, t Northern CYP on the ?I /a 1s that ble, the lorities of n C lern Cyprus. lte the be neral, and (Mt. Koray) still remains on the table, as the Secretary-General has reassured the Turkish CYPr iot side during the course of our recent meetings held in New York. We believe that this is the best framework for a negotiated final settlement of &e issue and, as such, should be continued to be conceived as an integrated whole, I. + ' ; . > I should also like to convey our deep-appreciation to all .the military staff' of the outgoing Swedish contingent of UWPICYP for their untiring efforts exerted '. within the context of their peace-keeping mission in Cyprus since 1964, and for. the ). competent manner in which they have conducted their task. Our heartfelt congratulations go .to or. Oscar Camilidn on his recent appointment as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus. We wish him every success in his all-important new undertaking and assure him of Our full co-operation in his efforts in this capacity. Lastly, I would like to convey our.profound thanks and appreciation to Mr. ,James Rolger who, in his long years of invaluable service in Cyprus, has discharged his duties in a most responsible and impartial manner and has, by this Virtue, S earned the respect of all concerned. We wish him continued success and happiness in the future. Mr. TURKMEN (Turkey): I thank you, Sir, and the other members of the Security for. this opportunity to participate once more in the discussion of the situation in Cyprus. f wish to extend to you my warm congratulations on your assumption of the presidency of the Council for the month of December, a month'in which we have witnessed an historic event in Washington of tremendous significance for world peace and security. day I add that, in presenting to you my best wishes for success, I have very much in mind the good-neighbourly relations our two countries enjoy and the expanding co-operation in several fields between Turkey and the Soviet Union. I am confident that the Security Council will benefit from your wisdom and experience in dealing with sensitive international questions. (Mr. Turkmen, Turkei) I I wish'also to -pay a tribute to Ambassador Kikuchi of Japan, who guided the I Counbil with great skill and diligence during the month of November. I ( I shall first refer briefly to the resolution just.adopted by the~C&ncil. We I I have fundamental objections to's number of elements it contains and we'ctnnot, therefore, consent to an extension of UWFICYP*s mandate on this basis. rirr. Koray I has just explained the position of his Government on the modalities of UNFICYPts I presence in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. That position enjoys our support. We continue fully to support the good offices mission of the Secretary-General I and,wish to express our appreciation for his untiring efforts in the search for a negotiated settlement between the two sides in Cyprus. We trust his wisdom and his / I commitment to a just solution .and respect his profound knowledge of the political realities underlying the Cyprus problem. I shall refrain from entering into a detailed discussion on the substance of the Cyprus question. We have all been spared a torrential debate on this topic in / the General Assembly, and it would be unjust to use this meeting as a substitute I forum. But I wish nevertheless to remind the members of the Council of our stand I regarding a settlement. .The essence of the matter is identified by the Secretary-General in!1 I nis annual report to the General Assembly where he states that: report to the General Assembly where he states that: “What is at stake is the goal of a federal republic of Cyprus, “What is at stake is the goal of a federal republic of Cyprus, non-z non-z Ligned and enjoying sovereignty, enjoying sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity as def: independence and territorial integrity as def: led in the 'High-level Agreements of 1977 and 1979." 'High-level Agreements of 1977 and 1979." (A/42/1, p.7) (A/42/1, p.7) (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) This goal can be achieved only through a negotiated settlement between’the tW0 ” .Peoples in Cyprus, and until then the Republic of Cyprus cannot be represented exclusively by one side. The posturing of the Greek Cypriot administration as the ’ custodian of the Republic of Cyprus and its presumption’ and illusion ‘to speak. al%%F on behalf of the Turkish Cypriots is per se an obstacle to a peaceful settlements; The Secretary-General and his staff have worked for mOre than two years in order to bring the parties to .the negotiating table within a framework based on. the points of convergence between them. The result of these efforts is the draft’ framework agreement contained in the proposals of 29 March 1986. It ‘is.becaus’e- Of their.commitment to a political partnership in a federal State that the Turkish Cypriots -have accepted this document. The Greek Cypriots have not, This is where we stand now as far as the negotiating process is concerned, and no anw>unt of rhetoric can obscure this fact; The choice faced in Cyprus today is between the establishment of a federation or the continued existence of two Republics in the Island. The Turkish Cypriots have made their choice by accepting the .Secretary-General’s proposal. They are patiently awaiting the choice of the Greek Cypr io ts . We all know, of course, that the aim, at least of the present Greek Cypriot administration under Eir. Kyprianou, is to discard the proposals of the .‘.Z’ .‘. Secretary-General. To this end, they have tried to divide the issues and lobbied extensively for an international conference which would discuss only an agenda of their own choice. They have requested a debate on Cyprus in the General Assembly.. The main idea behind this attempt was to promote the concept Of an international conference on Cyprus. But the debate did not take place in view of the generally negative reaction the Greek Cypriot demands provoked. This shows that the majority of United Nations Members are not willing to ‘jeopardise the mission of good offices of the Secretary-General. Cn the contrary, there is strong ;: ! .., ,. ;l“ I i" -' . . ‘ ..: (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) I support for this.mission, If there is one conclusion to be drawn from this. developnent,..it is the confirmation of the Secretary-General's previous finding I that the idea of an international conference on,Cyprus does not,enjoy sufficient" I supq;t., _ :$yeryone knows that what is.lacking,in the case of Cyprus is 'neither a I negotiating-mechanism nor a comprehensive framework for such negotiations. What is / needed,is a positive orientation, towards negotiations and a mutually sattsfactory political settlement. Perhaps.the experience of the past few mon-ths will induce I the Greek Cypriot side to accept -finally the draft framework agreement p the Secretary-Generalon 29 March 1986: It may be difficult for them, i of the.electi.oncampaign going on at present in South Cyprus, to take an substantive steps, but we hope that the Secretary-General will find it p urge the Greek Cypriot side, after these.elections - especially if they results in favour of moderation and'realism - to agree to negotiate with Turkish Cypriot.side within the framework'he has proposed. ', While the Greek Cypriot recourse to the General Assembly was not pu see. that various.propaganda activities previously timed to coincide with have gone on. I wish merely to say that all of this activity is just as as it is.counter-productive. It only serves to*deepen the mistrust betw sides. : : I.should like to bring into sharper focus some of the Greek Cypriot contentions. For example, ho&justified is their outcry over the presen Turkish forces in- Northern Cyprus?' It is crystal clear that the Turkish cannot be attributed aggressive designs when there has not even been a s Cyprus.for the past 13,years. Everyone knows very well that the sole re the continuatton of this presence is to assure;in the absence of a camp settlement,~the-security of the Turkish Cypriot people. 1 ~1* ,,. oposed by the heat ssible to ssible to ,ield ,ield the the sued,,we sued,,we the debate the debate redundant redundant ken the two ken the two !e of !e of forces forces / ;k irmish in irmish in !a son for ehensive (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) There has not been in the past, and there is not now , any intention on the;: i ,::, Turkish side ,of engaging in a military build-up .in the island. , In. the latest ., : report of the Secretary-General to the Security Council the sequence of events : ,.. ..: “. regarding the military build-up in the, island .has,. beenL.reaxranged.,in, a~d$~turbQg,,~ and unfortunate manner. .The Secretary-General himself ..reported exactly fivg;.y$.arsl.. ago, in December 1982, that there had been some increase. or moderniza.t$on, of.. Greek. Cypriot National Guard weaponry.. In the same report, the SecretaryTGeneral stated I.. that “no apparent build-up of forces in northern .Cyprus has been detected?” -, .,,: .:.L (S/15502, para. 22) The latest report now astonishingly portrays the Greek Cyaraot military build-up, which has been going on for five years, as a result of a Turkish build-up. The concern in the Secretariat to strike a balance between the WQ. slides should not be taken to such extremes that defy logic and misrepresent, the factual situation. The level of Turkish forces has naturally fluctuated from time fo time. It is : ._. ,, .: known that Turkey, on numerous occasions, has withdrawn both military .personnel *an,d ’ -.. equipment ,from the island. Obviously, the level and composition of these, fcvpq. ,,.i have to be in correlation to the military threat directed from the South against the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. We are reading almost daily in the Greek Cypriot press that the military capabilities in the South. are be~ng.;const~~l~.I,~~r, dramatically augmented with purchases of advanced weapon systems, that increasing. financial resources are being allocated to military spending. Thes? activities,i, ., used to be concealed, but nw they are being announced in bombast&c terms. ..fn our ,. . opinion, this is a grave mistake. The military build-up in South Cyprus, cambin+ with the paranoia and irresponsibility of Greek Cypriot. leaders,.-can lead to, a,very risky situation. Indeed, during the general debate, Mr. .UyprLanou said: ,:. ,: : ” -. . nor should anyone be misled by the .fact that there has. been no blo&shed for some time.” (A/42/PV. 32, pp. 14-15) I. .*,*i .. I Cypriot side are, in our view., committing a serious orrbr',Md.a69Umidg'rj'heavy 1 ceSpodHbTI4ty.'. Thi~,'~ekm'~~ftjrget'that;a'buiid-up in the' South wiil“not,only i en~~~~a~~'Greeii~~pr-lgt,cc;;ifronrcitiondl bolitiies but equally tremendously ceim~~~cate-the,$ecur~~~ aspectof a negotiated settlement. / I I '-.""'Xi is'aga&t thfs background that the Greek Cypr&t side insists'$n the withdraw& 6fTurlcish forces. even'before a settlement is reached. We can oniy I ! I su&& that'they hive up weaving this tale. Since 1975 all negotiations between tbk Turkish Cypriots and the Greek Cypriots have been held on the very clear understanding that the withdrawal of'non-Cypriot forces could only be contemplated I within.the framework of a comprehensive bolution. A withdrawal by the Grkish I forces before or without a comprehensive settlement would mean an impose,d : _. -. unilateral solution by the Greek Cypriots. ; The'Greek Cypriot side should not I dedeive'ifself~" The only deveio'bment which'will permit the withdrawal of nOnL&kiOt forces in Cyprus is a negotiated solution. j / ‘in eefleciing on the situation preva‘iling in Cyprus , one should beqr in mind thatiin two other‘islands equally afflicted by intercommunal conflict, n/on-island I &fee2 .! & :‘ &a: &fl;Jr a&&i4 tc; ,,l&,dy intercommunal figiting. We c&n ask ourselves what would be the situation in Northern Ireland if suddenly the 9,000 or 10,06ui3ritish troops were withdrawn? what would be the situation in Sr:i Lanka if th'e'l~;OOO or 2o';OOO Indian forces were recalled precipitously? In the llight of I " ,.,.. I.. their bitter p&t experience the Turkish Cypriots knowonly too well wha,t would be i ,. their' fate if,the Turki'sh'fo&es were withdrawn before a negotiated sol&ion is reached. They.woukd suffocate under the warm embrace of the present Greek Cypriot 1 S‘e~&%&ip, wh'ose pasionate love.for.'them has been made so abundantly clbar, even / today by Ambassador Moushoutas. / 1 (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) Cyprus is not the only case of a divided country. There are: other examples of: religious or ideological differences having separated even homogeneous: nations. - In. Cyprus, in addition to the religious and cultural .differences, the two communities belong to two different nations. The mistrust is even Igreater’ than in other* ‘::- :’ f “ similar situations. It is therefore allthe more remarkable #at. the. Turkish:.:,:: Cypriots, despite the ordeal they have suffered because of their sizeable numer Wal inferiority, are still willing to be reunited with the Greek Cypr&ots.undera .:c / federal State, provided the new arrangement secures an equal partnership-.and a”.:, effective security. No one should be surprised if they are asking,,for .guarantees for their security and recoil .at the idea of being deprived of the. pr.otection Of. Turkish forces before a settlement is in place. , The so-called question of settlers is a totally artificial issue based on preposterous exaggerations. This is a perfect example of the Greek Cypriot obsession about dealing with the Turkish Cypriots from a .positionof. numerical strength, -,... Ambassador Moushoutas, who today surpassed even himself in insulting. rhetorid and intemperate language, has dealt at length with this subject. Hay I remind him, :’ that for many years the Greek Cypriots had forgotten this issue. Theyhad not raised it during the two years of discuss ions with the Se.cre,tary&eneral that+led~:- :j:_ to the draft agreement of -29 March 1986. Since then, nothing has happened to :‘..I sharpen the Greek Cypriot concern. Therefore, this lamentation over sodcalled ,” settlers is totally artificial., i ,,,. I. ’ . But there is one fact which should not be forgotten. Turkey ,‘has a populatfbn’ of approximately 55 million. If the Turkish side had indeed wanted to change the demographic structure in Cyprus, it could have easily done that Long ago. It’ is’.‘, clear from the population figures in Northern and Southern Cyprus that. the Turkish ., (Mr. Turkinen, Turkey) I side has not pursued'such a policy.' Indeed, we do not need such a policy, because / ' 1 the political approach of the Turkish side to the Cyprus problem has never been I based on numerical considerations but on the concept of the political equality of I the two sides; regardless of the population ratio. ) The Greek Cyprio.ts know very well that throughout the past years im+gration I to Northern Cyprus has temained at an insignificant-number. The fact th$t the , population ratio between the Greek‘Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots has inOt , changed during all these years testifies to the falsity of Greek Cypriot Ipropaganda. "ToLconclnde my remarks on this issue, / I have to emphasize that the acceptance by the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus of immigrants or labour from ibroad is not subject to any restriction but, rather, to its 'own laws and regulatidns in this ! regard. Pending a settlement which will ensure a shared sovereignty, the Turkish / part of the island is as sovereign as the Greek side. / / We were surprised to see in the report of the Secretary-General that "the / I persisting problem in Varosha" (S/19304, para. 55) is mentioned as one of the two I factors which are responsible for the continuation of tension between the' two I sides. What is meant by *the persisting problem' is the temporary use of two I hotels to accommodate students of the Eastern Mediterranean University in; Famagusta.: To.put it moderately, it.is an exaggeration to establish a link between i student hostels and tensions in Cyprus. I / We also note from.the report that Mr. I Kyprianou has once again asked;the I I assistance of the Secretary-General. for the transfer o'f Varosha to United Nations administration. 'This is a strange request to put to the Secretary-Generai, since ) . the Secretary-General's own proposals of 29 March 1986 treat Varosha as pgrt of the I territorial arrangement for a bizonal federation. ( This is of course not an I innovation by the Secretary-General. Since the comprehensive Turkish Cypriot 1 I (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) proposals of 5 August 1981, presented and discussed in the course of the intercommunal negotiations, the Varosha issue has become, and has been treated as, .- an integral part of a comprehensive , overall settlement in Cyprus. Before 1981, the Turkish Cypriot side had on various occasions made constructive proposals regarding the resettlement of Varosha under United Nations auspices. .All these.. proposals were rejected by the Greek Cypriot side and became lost opportunities. After 1981 the Varosha issue was consistently looked upon as part of an integrat.ed whole. Throughout the Secretary-General’s latest initiative, which started in 1984 1 and culminated in the 29 March 1986 draft framework agreement, the Varosha iSSUe has kept its position as an, integral part of an -overall solution. As President De&as aptly emphasized in his letter of 22 October 1987 addressed to the Secretary-General, “Like all other issues, Varosha too is an integral, inseparable part of a comprehensive package deal and it is impossible to decouple it from the rest” l I should now like to welcome the appointment of Mr. Oscar Camilidn as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Cyprus and wish him well in. this undoubtedly challenging assignment. We are confident that, as a very distinguished diplomat, he will en joy the confidence of both sides and will contribute to the sea.rch for a negotiated solution ‘in Cyprus. I take thisopportun,ity also to pay a tribute to the former Special Representative, Ambassador Hugo Gobbi, another Argentine diplomat, for his services. Since hjs departure, Mr. James Holger has done a splendid job as the Acting Special Representative. As he is about to retire from United Nations service, we wish to convey to him our thanks and our best wishes. (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) I ask the Council’s indulgence in order to reply briefly to the two speakers who preceded me. : / / f reply first to the Permanent F&presentative of Greece. I must say that I was perplexed by h-is statement. He quoted from a decision .by a court in’ Athens. During the last Security Council meeting on this’item, I referred to this d&cision but quoted another paragraph from it. Ambassador Zepos did not say whether this paragraph was missing from the decision. I Ambassador Zepos agrees that there was an attempt against the independence and I sovereignty of Cyprus by Greece, but says that this was a treasonable act by the dicta tot ship then governing Greece. He is right to regard this as treasbn. But, for us and for the Turkish Cypriots, the fact that Greece was then under’ a dictatorship was irrelevant. What mattered was that the coup engineered by Greece was directed against the independence of Cyprus , as guaranteed by the Treaty of Guarantee, and endangered the sur’vival of ‘the Turkish Cypriot people. That is why / Turkey had to intervene. . fn the process, the shock’of the Turkish intervention against the treasonable.act of the dictatorship enabled Greece to return to a democratic sys tern. So much the better. Mr. Moushoutas directed many questions to me and said he was awaiting answers from me. That brought to my mind something that was said recently, and 1 wish to repeat it: Ee is not the prosecutor , and I am not theaccused. I I Ambassador Moushoutas said, among other things, that Turkish Cypriots were losing. their identity, that the Turkish community was held captive by Turkish I troops. He wants us. to believe that even President Denktas, is almost a’settler. He quoted again froin a certain Turkish Cypriot politician, who seems to provide him with material. for every Security Council meeting. I am sure that at the: next I (Mr. Turkmen,.Turkey) parlian!entary elections in Northern Cyprus, his popularity will be, consid,emblY enhanced. But there is one point that Ambassador Moushoutas forgets: If this Turkish palitician can speak so freeJ.y.and re&in a member of Parjliament - and enjoy parliamentary immunity - this means that,all Turkish Cypriots are free to speak.their.mind, 'why, then, is the overwhelming majority still supporting / President Denktas? I . .-. .I' . . 1'. ;, '.. ; .:.. . . 1. . :, : .' '. ' ,.-.. -I _. ,. , . '., i - : ,:‘ . . . . . .: ,,' -, ..'. ,: -'ye.'... “, 1 ,<.I, ,. ; .; ,i . 1) ', ‘ ..' ,, : ,",;, . . _, . :-‘. : t T ‘ '. , / I ‘ . . '. .: . . :,; - ..: /,. )I.. . .z. , ) . . ,.: .* _. _. .), ._ ,. ': -1 <s 1 ,- .I : ; +, ,:. I z.: I .. : .' , I( : ':-, ,-'. ., ‘ .,‘) i ,_ '_ ;:. i " .I I s.. i_ I'_ _ , ,L ; :. ,'. : .'i :; ,,._., 1 : :; *- ,, .: . .: ;, _-_ ., J .";. . ;,, 8 : ;: , I : ; . ,, :' , I/ ._ ,;, : '.'. .; .; -, : .' ; . ,'I .'_ ,: .: + ',.'S, I ; =e,: ;. "_ I 'L ,'_ . : .I.,. _ -i _- . .._ .<-.-I .: i.' L", ,_ - : L ; .,. , : .,. __: _. :/ _.' * (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) Ambassador Moushoutas also referred to recourse of the Greek Cypriot administration to the Council of Europe. But he chose to omit the fact that the report of the European Commission of Human Eights has not been adopted. by the Council of Ministers of the Council of Europe. The Council ‘of Minister& deemed ‘it ! / more approporiate to call on the two parties ‘on the island to engage in’ ‘meaningful negotiations to .arrive at a mutually acceptable settlement. The Council of Ministers also decided to place Mr. Denktaa W voluminous memorandum on the violation of the human rights of the Turkish Cypriots on the relevant file. Finally I wish briefly to mention the question of missing persons.! Mr. Koray has replied to this, but I have a few words to add. As was pointed out’ by Mr. Koray, the missing persons question interests not only the Greek C&riotst the Turkish Cypriot missing persons date back to 1963, when innocent civilians were either abducted or arrested, mostly by Greek Cypriot police. The same pattern was repeated in 1974 in a number of Turkish Cypriot villages overrun by Greek Cypriot * forces. The question of missing persons arose ‘for the Greek Cypriots with the coup d’etat staged by Greece in Cyprus on 15 July 1974, which led to violent inter-Greek fighting in the island. There are many accounts of the grave nature of that fighting in Greek Cypriot sources in particular - for example, Peter misis, a Greek Cypriot writer, refers to the coup as a civil war between the Greeks' in Cyprus tiich would have led to torture and executions for many months afterwards had it not been -stopped by the intervention of Turkey. Of course, Turkey did not ! intervene in Cyprus to prevent a civil war between the Greeks. Turkey kntervened to enosis, which was the objective of the coup , and to prevent the Tur kdsh Cypriots from becoming the predestined victims of this inter-Greek war. The same Greek Cypriot auger vividly conveys the mood of the Greek Cypriot coupists towards their (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) Turkish Cypriot neighbours and compatriots during those days. For example, he tells about the case of a Greek Cypriot called Hajis, a keen supporter of the SXXA-B terrorist organization, who boasts of having shot a Turk&h shepherd - -and I quote - “as proudly as an English schoolboy might’have done about scoring a goal in an away match”.. This SXA-B militant goes. off to join the attack on the Turkish village of Ghaziveran on 20 July 1974 - nowhere near the Kyrenia operations area, as the author notes. And this is what he does in his own words, after the village has surrendered: *I burst into a house. There were six or seven People inside, and a child . I swung the machine-gun and mawed them down - all s-even.. Afterwards I noticed the child. What harm has he done, you ask. He was Turkish,” There was a similar atrocity in the~same Turkish village; when indiscriminate shooting ,into a s,chool compound where women had gathered killed six, of them. Later , the’ same Greek Cypriot is in Limassol when he ,hears that his village is in Turkish control. His immediate iesponse is to go and shoot an elderly Turkish woman, and he tells the author z ‘@I’d have got another of their hojas, a Turkish Muslim Cleric . , too, if a UN bugger hadn#t.stopped me.” _ ‘. I , . ” : The author concludes, c :. ‘Hajis and his actions were ‘exceptional, but even cne..Hajis, in every. village .., ~ could clearly do a’ great deal of damage to Turkish-Greek relations?. I can only add $hat indeed the Greek Cypriot militants and. the, Greek Cypriots .i, . who condone them did ir,reparable damage in ,yprus, That. is.how many quptions i-n .‘ : the island, including the question of missing, Persons, were: .cr,ea.ted.. .. .j I .’ The agreement reached by the two sides in establishing the Committee on Missing Persons continues to be the only valid baqis for. resolving;th.is , .*. ., _.,, ’ humanitar fan problem. The consent of both parties is the only Procedural principle __. (Mr. Turkmen, Turkey) according to which the Committee can function, and its agreed’terms of reference COnStitUte the only valid machinery enabling the two sides to approach this problem exclusively within a humanitartan context. .Therefore special care needs to be taken not to prejudge in any-way the substance of the agreement reached between the two sides and to refrain from any political approach to this humanitarian issue. The PRESIDENT> (interpretation from Russian) ; I thank the representative of Turkey for the kind words he addressed to me. The representative of Cyprus wishes to exercise the .right of reply. / Before calling on him, I would remind all present that today we agreed to hold another i P meeting of the Security Council this evening, on the situation in the occupied Arab territories. I see that there arr n& present in the Chamber many representatives who are present for our 6econd meeting. 1”tiould therefore ,hope that those viho ndJ wish to exercise ‘their right of reply ‘will’ be respectfnl of the interests ‘of other delegations and be brief .“ ,.( _ ,-’ _ ~ ,.. : I call on the’represen&tive,of Cyprus.’ ‘I r- “’ ’ _ ’ ” “-1 Mr. MOUSBXJTAS (Cyprus) :’ . First let me say that I berscn6lly do’ not think of the representative of Turkey as the accused, but definite& his Government is not O'hly accused bttt has been convicted in the forums of this”‘Crganfzation and by this very body.’ : I ; ‘I .., ._. , , .: ’ I ‘am Very &X$&ant of the, circumstances under &i&h Mr’.“,Koray calleo t& ! appear here and give %nform&on in”a’ desperate attempt &ecli$se’ Ank&a Ifrom the scene of its crimi .&jai&t Cyprus; ‘< E%r that reason I will not direct ‘my remarks to him. ~ -, ,. ./ ~ 1 can only say that he is becoming a master in disguise. ’ He comes here ‘as “a person’ to give informatibn to the Council, as provided for in rule’ 3b of .therules ^ I (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) so. Hcwever, through some met&crphosis, as of procedure, and he is entitled to do soon as he is given the floor he lifts himself - or, to be mOre accurate, he lowers himself - to be the spokesman of a some so-called entity. And, what is worser he Casts aspersions on the legal and political status of Member States of the United ., Nations. I must admit this takes audacity, and I leave it to the members of, the Council to measure the degree and the dimensions. Ambassador Turkmen said that our posit&n .during the recourse. met with negative r,eactions.,, I should like to remind Ambassador Turkmen .that this very year Turkey has been condemned by the United Nations Commission on Human. Rights and by the Sub-Commission on the Prevention of Discriminationfor Protection of Minorities. In October of this year, the Commonwealth summit, meeting .in . Vancouver, Canada, issued its strongest conde~mnatory declaration ever against Turkey. : And, on 3. Opober this. year, the NonyAligned Ministerial Meet.ing held here...? ‘,. in New York adopted, a declaragion .that was. devastating for Turkey, ._. .’ ‘s. .__ . . Why the boasting on, ,the part pf (Turkey?,,,: One. must be obl’iviOUS of those. . . : “::: developments to make statements such as the .one. we have heard from. the Turkish sidei .,.L Ambassador Turkmen. said that. there .are . no:. settlers. They. try to’deny the undeniable? ; ,,;- the importation of -65,000, of them. -;*..Y . . *’ 1 .“:.% : ,We had a proposal 1 forth.e,. estab1ishmen.t of a committee ,of independent, legal,.,experts: to ,inve.sfigate’ this.;. :*: >. ; .‘I ; matter. ., All,% they. have,.!? do, .is to! accept.. this proposal ,,.. As for: us, .‘we,. will $JO. ,I. .I ,. j . along with the most descriptive statement of the Turkish Cypriot leader Mr,-Czgur:’ ,*-t:r to Mr. Curler, a,. pseudo-minister of the illegal enfity,:when’the ‘latter was ‘,. s.\..;“” .I .’ ,j ’ “.i attempting.. to present .the settlers as returning,.Cypriots. ..:.a’:‘ __ .,.. aj .,. 8 :ct’ r. ,.“. I ..,.,.._ ..; ,I C,.” . ..’ ; ,2 ‘. rd:., .‘. .d I . .‘,.,.v ..,_ ,‘_ ” . . I I ‘I . I.’ . . ,.,. ‘2 ; 7. , 17. (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) “‘MT. Gurler’ Mr. Ozgur asked angrily, ‘do you think we come from the moon? You say they have gone . -. now you say they have come back / etc. . . . Will you try to deceive us too, by saying things you say to the foreigners? Be a little serious, Mr. Gurler. In (Halkin Sesi, 31 Naveher 1979) I take seriously the threat expressed by the ‘representative of Ankara. 1: imagine it means that it will be .used against Mr. O;‘gur. / The Turkish side made. a big issue out of its accepianoe of the 29 March 1986 / document, one Of several euggestions and ideas of the Secretary-General; as he describes them. They disregard, however, and fail to mention, I’that they rejected the very last - I emphasize that .-‘proposal of the Serr&ary~&neral; of ’ ’ January 1987, for parallel talks,. while ,our.side accepted it.‘- ‘, . They conveniently forgot to mentian the$r rejection of the’ &il .lg86 ” document - they are ‘fixed on the ‘1985 ‘do&i&t . - of .the’ C&‘&e tar&General !for an ’ ’ ’ OVeU¶ll SOlUtiOn of the’groblem of.Cjrprus;';‘Btits, ~~O~e:in&r&~,' they ' ' ' ' ' systematically te ject mandatory United ,.Nati’on& resolutions upon’ whiti’ the / ’ . Secretary-General’s mission of,good offices is based.’ ‘. :.’ ’ ‘. ’ ” .. -’ You are alltoo “familiar, Mr;’ Pr&sident; with’ the’ S&retary-&neralUs: efforts to get togethera. high-develmeeting~;i.n 1983; and. how ‘deedeitfully ‘the Turkish -side’,’ ’ “’ instead Of *giving. a @osi%ival reply; whi&h ‘$a& ‘promised, declared ’ the attempted 't1~1: ' " " The Secr.wry-&neral h.imself a&&& ib& : o;$“;e$l~' a&' f&i& .L: ;;kd I;-' sa+- thi;'-" '.'* for me ,recor& , :, ,; .A:... .:,';'.'2 :':' . ,. '. 'I.: .-::. ';.f, : ~ / I .': ,', .,: '- -.I , -,,,.I . ,_,, , I, *..,,. . ;, ,; ., r :'...';. : _ .; : '; _ _ 9. ,) i .- ,: ; “The Greek Cypriot:@id&said &Ii&t befor& it wouia dxptebs i& ‘~vi&& on”&e -’ ’ contents of that document ~er~-niust.:,i-fr~t.‘be agreement,‘on”what’ it.“de~~ril;e’;l”‘~” as the basic issues of the Cyprus problem.” (S/18880, para. 65) 1 The Secretary-General has also stated: 1 (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) *as a person entrusted with a mission of good offices, my function was to produce ideas and suggestions to help the two sides find a solution, but . . . I could not impose anything on either side. Progress could be. made only when both sides werein agree&t. It followed that, bs long as the Security Council maintained my mandate, I couid’ not allow my mission of good offic-es to be frozen’ either because one ‘side found a particular suggestion unacceptable, or because the other side, having accepted a suggestion, insisted that my effort could not proceed until the other side had done the same. * (S/18491, para. 54) The representative of Turkey said that the Turkish troops were in Cyprus to ‘protect the Turkish Cypriot community. Some important people in his country disagree. Mr. Gunes, the then Foreign Minister of Turkey, said in 1980, as to the real reason for the invasion% _’ “Cyprus i ; i is as precious as the right arm of a country which cares for her defence or for her ,expansion#t ‘aims . . . . Many, States, to a certain : extent, ‘because it suits their .inteY.est, want to see the Cypeus problem merely- .’ .) as our desire to protect the Turkish community on the island” - , ., ./_ I emphasize those wofds - I~ “Whereas -the actual problem is the -security of the 45 mi,llion Turks in the motherland . ..” 1,’ ..*.. They are worrying about the army of little Cyprus. ,. ~ Mr. Ozal, Prime Minister of Turkey, said ,in. 1983: ,. .‘.” 4 ,.. i “Cyprus is an island which pierces the middle of Turkey like a dagger. : It is extremely vital from the viewpoint,of our security.” I’ The late Mr. Galo Plaza, the’united Nations mediator, wrote in h.is report d&t@ ' ‘26 March 1965, regarding the Turkish.position during his mediation: *The dividing line was in fact suggested* -~ he meant by the Turkish side - "to run from the village of Yalia on the northwestern coast through of Nicosia in the centre and Famagusta in the east." Nine years later, by a not so strange coincidence,'the Turkish troops, ha invaded Cyprus, occupied exactly that area - irrefutable evidence that th military action was planned many years before 1974. The reasons for the invasion of Cyprus were expansionist - clear and simple. I Indulging in myths and alleging provisions for the protection of the Turkish Cypriot community will not help. Like all countries in the world, Cyprus contains people of different ethnic backgrounds, Greeks, Turks, Armenians, Maronites, all forming part - a Precious part, if Ambassador Turkmen will allow me to repeat certain feelings I have for the Turkish Cypriot community - of one indivisible country. The separation of our people, geographical, political, economical and social, is artificial. When Ambassador Turkmen spoke of regrouping, he meant to say Wuprooting". As to the standard allegation to justify the aggression by Turkey - the allegation that the Turkish Cypriot community was persecuted - I must admit that there were intercommunal clashes. Yes, lives were lost, some Turkish Cypriots and some Greek Cypriots. But to say that there was discrimination against the Turkish Gypriot community, which, being only 18 per cent of the population, enjoyed 30 per cent of the civil service posts and 40 per cent of the police and military . posts, with a Turkish Cypriot Vice-President having veto powers on questions of foreign affairs, defence and economic matters, is the epitome of the absurd. If there was discrimination, it was directed against the majority. The majority has rights too. ! (Mr. Moushoutas, Cyprus) the towns :- ving e Turkish . .- . : ., :. : The PRESIDENT (interpretation from Russian): I call on the representative of Greece to exercise the right of reply. Mr. ZEFOS (Greece): With your permission, Mr. .President, I have circulated the text of the decision of the Court of Appeal of Athens to which I referred in my intervention. Every member of the Council can check that the passage quoted by Ambassador Turkmen in June is not there. I am sorry to repeat that his information was wrong. A reading of the text will prove that the quotations he gave in June were not correct* I wish to express regret that Ambassador Turkmen , obviously versed in modern history, tends to interpret certain events in his own manner. He cites a historical notion of Greek nationhood - enosis, a policy pursued at the time when self-determination was the objective of the Greek nation. That goes back to the mid-1950s. Greece has consistently defended the independence, unity and.territorial integrity of Cyprus against any aggression. That has been the fate of that small island, which our colleague Mr. Turkmen even refrains from referring to by its full title. I cannot but express regret that in his intervention Ambassador Turkmen manifested the deeper intention of his Government - to partition - when he referred expressis ver.bis to the sovereign part , saying that pending settlement the Tufltish part of the island is as sovereign as the Greek side , and referred earlier to the concept of political equality of the two sides regardless of the population ratio. Obviously - and I regret to note this - for his country the principle of self-determination is secondary , and he is insisting on reminding us of the true intention of his Government, which is partition. representative of Turkey, who has asked to speak in exercise of the right of reply. Mr. TURKMEN (Turkey): I see the representatives of many Arab States in the Chamber; I am not so presumptuous as to think they have come to listen to me, so I shall be very brief. To reply to Ambassador Zepos: yes, I spoke of the equal sovereignty of the two sides in Cyprus, the North and the South, but I was careful to'say "until there is a settlement' , when there would be a partnership and a sharing of sovereignty. The Turkish policy has never been one of partition , and it will not be in the future. I am not going to reply to Ambassador Moushoutas, ,-. because he made a very long .-o statement, but I want to dispel one of his concerns: nothing will happenit Mr. Ozgur. I can assure Ambassador Moushoutas that at the next Security Council ** meeting on this question he will be able to quote him.

We have thus concluded the _- present stage of our consideration of the situation in Cyprus and our discussion of the renewal Of the mandate of the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus. As the Council agreed to hold its next meeting, on the question of the Situation in the occupied Arab territories, immediately after the conclusion of the , present meeting, I request that members not leave the Chamber. The meeting rose at 6.30 p.m. __