S/PV.423 Security Council

I have no iIlore speakers on my list for item 2 of our agenda. I therefore propose to -consider the debate on this item closed. . Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'anglais): It ~'y ,a plus d'orateur inscrit pour 1epQint 2 de 1'0r4re du jour. Je proposedonc de considererque la discussion de ce point est close. Mr. MALIl{ (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from R~ssian): I ask for the floor in order to malrea few short remarks on. the United States representative's speech. . M. MALIK (Union, des Republiques socialistes sovietiqties) (traduit flu .russe) : Je demande'la parole pour faire quelques breves remarques .au sujet de Jadeclaratibn du representant 4es Et!its- Unis. . Je voudmis faire observer que, que] que s9it le nombre de voix.dont a beneficie a'l'Assemblee generale la resol(r.tion presentee, par la delegation des Etats-Unis d',Amerique; ce1aAe~hange r~~n au caractere,fantocpe du Gouv~rnement de ',la Coree du ,Sud. Atwime majorite nepourramQi;li- ,fier la na~re de ce Gouvernement. En ce qui concerne cette majorite, on a l'impression que le representant des Etats-Unis tend a. etablir' un paral1ele entre l'Organisation des Nat,ion,s Unies et le C;onseil·de. securite, ,d'une ,part, et le Senat,de l'autre.Au Sena,t, les.dedsions de la ma-jod.te font 101. Ati con4";:tirel 'a' r~cl.u­ ,slonde: jecis~on:>ayanttraitadesactes ,const!- tmint une menace a.la paix, une violation de la !>ab<: ouurieagressi~n, les recommaqdations :de la majoritede l'OrganisationdesNations Unies ne Peuvent, etre consid6rees C01l1111e une loi s'iniposant a. de:>. 9:ouyernements sotiverains. I wish to state that no matter how many votes, might have been castin the General Assembly in • favour of the resolution submitted by the United States delegation, that will not change the, puppet nature of the South· Korean Government. No' majority can' change the essential character of that GOV(lrnment. With r(~gard to the majority, I have the impres- . sion that the United States representative is inclined to draw a. parallel between the United' Nations and the Security Council, on the one , hand, and the Senate, on tl1e others. In the. S~nate a, majority decision is law. In the United Nati.ons ,recolll1llendations of the majority cannot be considered law .for sovereign Statesl , t>.xcept for decisions in connexion with acti.ons which are a threat to the peace, a violation' of the peace or acts of aggression. . Mr.Austin do~sl1.otJikel.1'lyiepeatedreferences. ~ M. Atistin4"l~aimepasquejetraitecbnstamment le regime 'de la Coreedu Sud de regime fari- .. The plan submitted.bytlIe United States delegation ~ompletely failed to provide for the establishment ofa national government in Korea. According to the United States.· pl~n,the. government of Korea was to be carried on at first by a joint USSR-United States military administration, and later an administrative organ of the four Powets--theUnited States,theUSSR,the United King$iom and China-wa,s to be established tb set de~. Etats-Unis; on, envisageait de creer par la suite· un. organe d'administrationcompose des' ·representants de quatre Puissances, it savoir les Etats-Unis,.1'URSS, leRoyaume~Uni et la Chine, organe qui auraiteu P?urtache d'etablir un fie- .gm... de,!nldle7 ijuret~':'OUDJ&J s .~.~.~up.~a+rus.tee~lU'pS'ystetl1..which .was -to.·contin.ue· for ten years,and longer if necessary. Thus the Etats~Unis est restee la me.me en depit de cer~ taines manreuvres tactiques. Ce sont eu,'C qui ont ilIegalement saisi l'Organisation des Nations Unies de la question coreenne, qui lui ont impose des resolutions, qui ont fait creer la Commission interimaire et lui ont fait confier la tache de sanctionner des elections separees en Coree du Sud..Toutes ces meSUres etaient uniquement destinees a donner le change, mais, en fait, l'attitude des Etats-Unis n'a pas change. Elle est restl~e celle qu~ils avaient exposee dans leur projet initW, a savoir que la Core~e doit etre gouvernee pa!' une administration militaire. TelIe est precisement la situation actuelle en Coree du Sud ou l'adminis~ tration est toujours assuree par les troup(,'S des Etats-Unis.· .' La raison pour laquelle cette qu~stion a ete soulevee a deja ete exposee par mon collegue,. le representant .:le la RSS d'Ukraine. Je ne peux qUe repeter brievement que la deIegationdes Etats-Unis et les delegations de certains autres pays poursuivent un but poIitique, un but de prOpagande precis; il s'agit de soulever cette ques~ tion en sachant d'avance qtJ.e l'Union sovietique votera contre l'admission dans l'Organisation des Nations Unies de l'Etat fantoche de la Coree du The reason the question has been raised has already been explained by my colleague, the Ukrainian SSR representative. I can only repc>at briefly that the delegations of the United States and. of certain other countries are pursuing a clearly defined political propaganda aim; they are raising this question'although they know in advance that the Soviet Union will vote against the admission of the South Korean puppet to the United Nations. Sud~ Le but.de la delegation des Etats-Unis est la chasse an veto. Cette question a ete soulevee a desseiti au momentou les travaux de la deuxieme partie de ·la troisieme session de l'Assemblee generalebattent leur plein; on l'a fait dans l'1.ntention de forcer rUnion sovietiquea voter encore une fois "contre" et'pour pouvoir utiliser ensuite son veto dans des buts de propagande au sein des Commissions et a. l'Assemblee generate. Je crois que les evenements ulterieurs confirmeront mon' diagnostic et mon analyse. Si l'on a demande l'inscription' de cette question a. .1'ordre du jour du Conseil, c'estuniquement pour pouvoir se livrer a la cha.sse au veto. La delegation p.es Etats-Unis n'apas et n'a jamais eu reellement l'intention de resoudre le probleme de la Coree dans l'interet du peuple coreen. Je regrette que ma declaration ait de<;u le representant du Canada, mais ma propr~deceptionn'a pas ete inferieure a lasienne lorsque j'aiappris. qu'it attet0ait de moi ~ne declaration differente. The purpose of the United States delegation is to hunt vetoes. The discussion of this question was timed to come at tJIe climax of the work of the second part of the third session of the General Assembly so that, in the premeditated hunt for vetoes,. one more USSR vote "against" could be obtained and then used for propaganda purposes in the Cominittees and in the General Assembly. I am sure that future developments will uphold . my forecast and analysis. The sole reason for raising this question is the pursuit of the veto. There is not and never has been any real intention on the part of the United States delegation to solve t:.G Korean problem in the interests of the Korean people. I regret that my statement disHlusioned the representative of Canada but·I was no less disillusioned when I learned that he expected,any other statement from me. . . Mr. ARCE {ArgeritimO (translated from Spanish): I had intended to vote 011 the draft resolution submitted by the representative of China without making any.. comments, in conformity with the attitUde maintained by-the Argentin.e delegation in the Committee on the , M. ARCE (Argentine) (tradult de ]'espagnol): Conformement a l'attitude adoptee par la delegation de l'Argentine au'sein, de la Commission pour l'admissiondenouveatix Membres, je me proposais de voter, sans. commentaires, en faveur de l'adoption du projet de resolutionpresente par le· representant de. la Chine. Toutefois .~. comme d'habitUde d'aiEeurs - certainesallusions ont ete faites id a' des questions qui n'ont pas de ffl.J?port direct avec laquestionactuellement.a ·l'etu(ie. L'une d'entre elIes a traitau respect dit a la majorite .de l'Assemblee generale. .·.·.CoI111t1eies.····memD1';::s-du C:otiseil'lesavent, delegation de l'Argen1:1ne n;acceptep~!)que le AQm.j§~ioJloLNew Members. But,' as,usual, reference has been made here to questions which have no immediate relation with the subject under 4iscussion, and one of these questions concerns the respect due to the majority of the General Assem~ly. . ,= .~..The.represelltativeskno'W·· thatthe~Argentine 'delegation does not accept the view that the In the particular I,::ase of Korea, the General . Assembly makes use of the powers granted to it under .the Charter, ,and eyen 1£ it had exceeded those powers, it alone .could be the judge; nobody can veto its resolutions. The. General Assembly deci<ied that the "Little As~e,lI1bly" should be set up and the. latter adopted reso1.utions which have resulted in the cre'ation of the n(.w State of Korea. To speak otthe possibility of ~tending the veto to the resolutions of the Assembly, a sovereign body whose decisions should be respected by all Members of i:he United Nations; is simply to 'Work for the dissolution of the Organization. I merely. ask that these. remarks should. ~e. incorporate.d in the records. of the CounCil because the Argentine delegation·· has no ..intention of! becomi.rig involved in tb£ d..ifl;erences between the . USSR and the United States. .. Countries like Argentina, which do not. havei permanent Sceats qnthe. ~oul:).cil, feel. that the! great" Pow~rs s~em,tobe strivit~g more to und~r­ mine.the .Vnited Nations; than to strengthen. it. ; Sillce I havefelt.itmyduty to speak, I must; add that, whatever may .be the attitude of the: USSR .in this matter, the Argentine. delegation will continue to consider that the application for admissionofa new Member which receives any 'seven votes' in the Security Couneil has been 'approved. .The. Se~urity Coullcil. cannot' cancel" or ignore, "<>r .Hblock", the special powers of the General Assembly. . san~es tend~nt pltlt6ta desintegrer I'Organisation Aes Nations Dnies qu'a 1ui donner plus devigueur. ,Puisque je me suis vu dans l'obligationde prendr71a,pa;ole, j'aj6~teraien,passan!que,queUe qJ;1e SOlt 1attltudede I URSS a ce sUJet, la. delegation de l'Argentine continuera a consideret que 'la denia.nde d'admissiond'un nouveau Membre qui a'rec;ul'app,robatioJi'de sept mertibresdu Conseil,quelsqu:iIs ~o~ent, esta.cceptee. En effet, le Consell de secunte ne peut ili annuler tii ,meconnaitre, ni "bloquer" les. prerogative; de I'AssembIeegenera.le. . The PRlt:;!DI!.NT: Ther'e,being no other speaker, I snaIl'ask the'Assistant Secretary-General'to read the dt~ft.resolution:.submitted by the: repres'entitive of China [S/1305]. Mr. KERNO (Assistant Secr~tary:-~"~~al.,jn charge of the Legal Department):· THe' draft re~~lution submitted by the representative of Cliin~ reads ~s follows: "F!':IVing ,receive,4. th~ aRPV~!!?~: Q( the ~e- pubbc of Korea for memoerslhp -m tlie Untted Nations; "lIq,'V{ng.receiv~fiantI' cottsiddied!the report.oi the Coihhiittee- on: the AdmiSSion or New.. Mem- bers;.cotieerningl the application of the Republic of Korea, ' "Decides. thatiu its jtidgme.nf tli~ R~puolicof Kore'~' is aJH~a~e-16v'ingState' aIld' i~' aDle arid Willing. to carry out' oBligationS: c6ntamed' in tH~ Charter; and . '~f?,~c()m11tf!~~S:,t.o ,f4e G~n~ral. Asseql1>Jy that it "Re.comm.ande al'AS,sem,b.l.ee general'e d.'a.d- ~¥it tli~· RetJUolW of Kbrea to.! memoership" in J:i?~tW~, I~' l{fpii~!i~~e de Coree: a' l'Organisation l.1le Uriited Natioris~" des Natujns' Ume's~Jl, . A 'Vote was taken by:sho.w of hands.tisf~lidWs: " It( fa~'Q1~r:" Axii~lJtina;." Ca"riada, ,(:;hini~ .Cuba, Egypt.:. Ftam;e, NOl'way, United~Kingdom, United EgJ.:pte;,:F~~p.~e".Noiv~e~ RoYaume:'Uiii;. Etats-' Ums d'Amerique. State~~ of America. ;.Vo~~';i:,contre: Republlque socil:Histe sQvietiqu~' d'Ukraine, Union des: Republiques socialistes,sO~ vietiques; "t~. r~~s1nE~T:, (rta.tt~i{ d,il;r,nilldfs) :,pe, tQu!~" . Against: Ukrainian' Soviet Socialist Republic, Union Of Soviet SoCialist Republics. .,'the P~IriENT: Clear.1Y,Jli.ere ar~ np ;lJ:isteri~ t~~n.~; Tli~re were 9 memDerS voting for and 2' ~y14inr:e, .iI·,A'i~ pas' d'ab?t~Jl.tiqh. II' ya9" y6Qt: p6tfr ef2" cbiitre. Villi des:de¥;~eIiip~~s,ett.ii s~, sont opposes a l'adoption- du' projef etan.t" membte permanent du ConseiI de securite, la resolution n'est pas adoptee. ~~~Jp.s~..;r ~01.l~~ .like,, t~siiy tnat,~,q[t4e'. two. memoers oppos~ng. the draft resoluhon~ one is·.;l permanent' member of tht:.,Securi1:y, tpunCiI: the resolution therefore was not: adopted: ~ .-, Rest 18;he!ir~'$;Jepense.,- c~est peut etre,faite preuved'optimisme''-- qu'il,seraif possibled'exa- miner les de~ points qui restent: irtsc:rits'aroidte du jour en vingt minutes ott une demi-heure. Cela rendrait inutHe de nous teunir,specialement pour et'udiet'ces de:tl~ points. Je suis toutdispose arite c6rtfor.menU'a'Vis drt" CdnseiI.:r ce' sujet. . It is now 6 o'clock; Perhaps I am optimistic, but I think we ~ight b,e ~ble to dispose of' the remaining two items Cin the' agenda' in '3, matter of twenty minutes or hal£an' hour. This' might obviat~the necessity of <;Iur having a special 1l1~eting for those' iWCi remajqingitems: 1 am quire williilg to follow the Se.lSe of th'e Security Cotilicil in this matter. , , , Ptiisqti~iI; rt1y~ •.p-as· d'o~j~Gtibns,' JjbtiS. aIloIfs' pourstiivre l~eXameti; des points, de nb-xre ordte' du jour. .'.A:s t4ere is nO o~je2ti(jn" We' sn:ilJ: proceed' wlt1i th± remaining items' Cif aut agendli. Le PR~SI~EN'l" (~rCuluit de l'wnglais) : lln'y,a. a.pa~d'autr~~prate~rs; je' ~~~der~i donq a1i' SeCfe,taire ~~n&aJ ~d1.oirit. de' dotin~r lec~~~ '. d~l prole~ d~. resolution ~OumlS par le' representant de la Chine; [S/1S05]~ , M: ltERNo; (Secreiliire g~neral adji:>ihi, <1larg~ du departement juridique) (traduit.di l'tingliiisj': Void,le t~~te duproj~t.de.resolution soumis par le- reptesenHlht de; la: Chine: .' t~~!y~?Zt: tf~~~1~i~g~a114~ ~'~~i~sio1J..~eJ~~Re­ puohque de Coree a I'Qrgamsation des Nahons Uniei;-";' , ~tA'Jtyttr/ef;i'.e~e*a~in(le ra;ppoft dii Ccimite cnarge de' l'adfrllsslon' des nouveaux' M'etnbres relatif a la candidatute'de la' Re~tio1iqite de Coree, , "lUci'de <id'a sari' avis; hi' Repu1:liiqtie.' de, Cbi'~~f est: un: Etat" p~~i~qiie qpable, de Fetiiplit les: ooh.. gations di'f Hr Ghai'te et' dispose a le raire; It esl! pfoclJ:;' au'15(j~k: (filiaiij'leve'd.·' :']7otentpour; AT;~ritine, Ut~a~aJ" Clliqe; c;ti~a~, .The PRESIDENT: Our normal procedure, accord- ing to rule 59 of our rules of procedure, is to refer such applications to the Committee on the Admission of New Members. Unless there is some objection, I propose that this course be followed.. As there is no objection, I shall proceed according~y. 5~ Letter dated 24 March 1949, from 5. the Swiss Office for· Liaison with the United Nations to the' Secretary- General, transmitting a letter lrom the, Head of the Government of the PIincipality of Liechtenstein concern- ning the latter's request to· beeome a party 10 the .Statute of the Inter- national Court of Justice (S/1298 and S/1298jCorr.ll

We have precedents in regard t~ this matter. The usual procedure of theSecurity Council is to .refer such applications to. the Security Council's Committee of Experts. Unless there is some objection, I shall.proceed to do so. Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (translated from R~tssian): In the USSR delegatic:m's opinion, inasmuch as Liechtenstein cannotbe considered a free and mdependent State, there is no ground for accepting it as a party to the International Court, since under Article 93 oithe Charter all Members oitheUnited Nations are ipso facto parties to the Statute of the International Court. Thus the meaning of that Article . in spirit and in letter is that the parties to the International Court. are the sovereigri" States Members of the United Nations. As'Liechtenstein is not a free and· independent· State·there·are no grounds for admitting it to be a party to the Statute of the.International Court. Iti this connexion there is no need.to manufacture cofiditiOlis on which Liechtenstein could become amember of the International Court•. Mr. ARCE (Argentina) (translated from . M. ARCE (Argentine) (traduitde I'espagnol) : Spanish) :1 suggest that this applica.tiQnshou!d Je me· permej:s de suggerer de renv~yer cette be sent to the Committee of Experts, who could -" demandt: au Comite d'experts qui pourra etudier consider the legal aspect· and explain: it to us. rasp~ct juridique de la questionetnous renseigner a son'tour. ThePlU. .;ENT: Naturally, I have taken note Le PRESIDENT (traduit de l'angla.is): rai natu- .of tihat the US~Rrepresentative has justtold rellement pris note de ce qUe vient de dire le us~ .However, it.seems to me that the sense of representant. del'URSS.. Je pense, cependant, the. Security Council i~ to refer this matter to que le Conseil de securite est d'avis de renvoyer th .... e.• Co .. mm ... ittee. 0.£ Experts. I.f. therepreseIl.,tati.ve....1·. cette<. question.. all. i COI;I1ite d'e.,xp. ert.s. Si le repre-. o~ ,the USSR insists, I ~ willing to .submit this sent~mt de l'URSS insiste, jesuistout dispose·a to the vote. . . mettre la question aux voix. Le PRESIDENT (t-raduit de l'anglais) : En applicatiQn de l'article 59 du reglement interieur, la procedure normale est de renvoyer les demandes de ce genre au Comite d'admission des nouveaux Membres. S'il n'y a pas d'objections, je propose qu'il soit ainsi procede. I1 .n'y a pas d'objection; j'agirai done en consequence. Lettre en date du 24 mars 1949 adressee au Secretaire general par le Bureau suisse de liaison avec l'Organisation des Nations Unies, lui. transmettanl une lettre du chef du Gouvernement de la Principaute de Liechtenstein concernantla demande de cette·aerniere a·devenir partie au Staml 'de la Cour internationale·de Justice (S/1298 et S/1298/Corr.l) Le PRESIDENT (traduit de I'angTais) : Il existe des precedents en la matiere. La procedure ordinaire est, pour le Conseil de securite, de renvoyer des demandesde ce genre ason Comite d'experts. S'il n'y a pas d'objections, j'agirai t.n ce seD,S. M. MALIK(Union des Republiques socialistes sovietiques) (traduit du russe) : La delegation de l'URSS est d'avis qu.e, puisque le Liechtenste.in ne peut etre consiaere comme un Etat libre et independant; il·n'y a pas de raison de l'admeftre comme partie au Statut de la Cour.internationale de Justice, car, auxtermes de l'Article 93 de la Chatte, .tous les Membres des Nati.ons Unies sont ipso facto partie'! a ce Statuto Par consequent, d'apres le sens, l'esprit et la lettre de cet Articlej les partiesau Statut de la Com internationale de Justice sont des Etats independants, Membres de l'Organisation des Nations Unies. Etant donne qae le Liechtenstein n'est pas un" Etat libre et independant, il n'y a,aucune raison pour l'admettre en qualite de partie aU Statut de.la Cour interna,. tionale de. Justice. Il.est done inutile. d'elabore1" les conditions dans lesquelles le Uechtenstein pourrait devenir partie au Statut de la COUI' internationale de Justice.