S/PV.600 Security Council

The provisional agenda was drawn up in accordance with roIe 10 oi the provision2l.1 ruIes .of proced~'" and is the same as the one for our preceding meeti...,g held on 12 September 1952. We might consider it as adopted, subject to the same reserv~tions. 1 am referring to document S/Agenda 600. Adm.ission of new Members: (b) New applications for membership (8/2446, 8/2466, 8/2467, 8/2672, 8/2673 and 8/2706) (continued)

In accordance with the procedure adopted at ourpreceding meeting l suggest that the CounciI resume discussion on sub-item 2 (b), "New applications for membership (S/2446. S/2466, S/2467, S/2672, S/2673 and S/2706)". l shall summarize briefly the pr'Ûcedural sit"Jation of the Cauncil Six draft resolutions have been tabled on sub-item 2 (b). First is docuIIlentS/2483, submitted by Pakistan on the application of Libya; secondly, S/2754, submitted by the United States on the application ('lf Japan; thirdIy, S/2758, submitted by France on the application of VietnaIl1; fourt41y,S/2759, submitted by lfrat1c~on the application of Laos; fifthly, S/2760, alsosubn1Îneû by France on the application of Cambodia; and sixth1y, S/2773, submitted by the Soyiet Union on the application of the Democratie Repul)1ic of Vietnam. 4. I caU on the representative of China on a point of order. 5. Mr. TSIANG (China): My delegation maintains hs stand on the application contained in document S/2466, but l wish to avoid a protracted and profitless debate on procedure. For this reason, l withdra"l the motion to which the President has just referred.

For its :(>Srt, the French delegation cat'.11o! but maintain the pOlUt of view it expressed towards the end of our last meeting on the question of inc1uding the application contained in document S/2466 on the agenda of our meeting. Tt rtili takes the view tlla.t, as the so-called Democratie Republic of Vietnam tannot he considered to he aState, any discussion on the q,uestionQf its admissio~ tS pointless. It reserves the nght to raise this prior question and to adduce whatever arguments may be necessary whenever.. i~. detm}s it proper ta do so during the actual debate. . .. 7. Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (traftSlated jrom Russian): There is one matter to which l should lllce to draw attention. The French representative has"once again repeated his aIlegation that the Democratie Republic of Vietnam is not aState. .( l have before me, hq\vever. the text of a statement by the Vietnam Republic dated 22 November 1948. This '\-'aS the first statement which was sent to the United Nations and which, mast strange1y, has for unknown - reasons not yet been issued a.'3 an official Security Council docume..'1t. It would appear that in the United Nations Secretariat thereare officiaIs who deal with incoming documents in the same way that the United States delegation dea1s with applications for ttlembership in the United Nations, that is to say, they pursue a p3licy of favouritism towards some governments and a poJicy Of discrimination towards others. For, some applications are issued înunediately as official Secutity Col1ncil documents, while others lie in the Secretariat a.rclùves fur a number of. years. l wish to bri~g't,his matter ta the Counci1's attention and request that 'the application of the Democratie RepubIic of Vietnam be issued itmnediate1y as an officialSecurlty Council d~tx 8. In that document it is specifically stated .that . Vietnatn bas bel::na sovereign and independent State since 2 September 1945 as a result of the Allied victory OVe! Japan. to which Vietnam contributed heayily in the lives of i:ts people and in its resources. It was recognized by France under an agreement ~dated 6 March 1946. The Government of the Democratie Repub& of. Vietnamwas lega11y appointed by the . Natiooal i\ssembly which was elected at a general elec- . 9. l particularly wish ta caU t'1e attention of the Ccuncil and of the French representative ta this extract from the declaration made by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam to the effect that it had been recognized bv the French Government as a sovereign, independent S~tate. Hence, statements such as those now being made by the French representative are, ta say the least, peculiar. 10. Ml'. HOPPENOT (France) (translat 'à from French): At the conclusion of our last meeting, the representative of the Soviet Union announced that he intended to speak for thirty-five minutes on the Vietminh question. l assume that, during his statement, he will refer ta a number of points with which l shaH disagree. In the circu111stances, 1 would prefet· ta answer the question he has just put to me after he has made his statement, rather than reply ta him question by question. 11. Mr. lvIALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republies) (translated fr.ot11. Russian) : If we are proceeding to consider the application suhmitted by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, l am prepared ta speak at once. 12. The PRESIDENT: l suggest that the Security Council should proceed ta discuss the actual draft resolutions before it, starting with document S/2483, suhmitted by Pakistan, concerning the application for membership of Libya. 13. Ml'. BOKHARI (Pakistan): l am very grateful ta the Preddent for givL..g priority in our preselt discussion to the draft resolution on the' admission of Libya, subinitted by my delegation. Of course, l appre;' ciate the fact that the President has given the Pakistan draft resolution priority because, among the draft resolutions we are ta discuss this afternoon, it was submitted first. l consider it fortunate that it should be so, because, in, my delegation's opinion, bur draft resolution, expressing our desire that Libya should he admitted to membership of the United Nations, should be taken right out of the dust and heat of the arena which has been built up round the question of the admission of new Members. ' 14, It was not long ago that the $ecurity Council voted [590th meeting] on a draft resolution presented by the USSR delegation set forth in document S/2664. That draftresolution expressed the USSR delegation's desire that Albania, the Mongolian People's Republic, Bulgaria, Romania, Hlmgary, Finland, I~y,Portugal, Ireland, Jordan, Austria,Ceylon, Nepal and Libya should be admitted to membership of the United Nations..The Security Cotmcil will recall that my delegation voted in favour of 'the draft resolution. We did 50 for the fol1owing reasons: First, voting for the USSR drait resolution s\'eemed to us to be the easiest and quickest wayaut of the paralysis with which the Council is.seized as regards the question of the admission of new Members. Secondly, we believe that there are a large number.of countries in the list·contained in the USSR draft resolution whose admission ta the . United 'Nation.s would he a source of great strength ta the Organization. Thirdly, we believe that, to be usefu1 and real, thf: United Nations must reflect as faithfull)'f 15. On the other hand, our oplmon is that, to he effective, the United Nations must, as I have said, reflect as faithfully and aS clearly, as possible the present state of the world. Otherw7se, the United Nations will be an enormous ostrich-like body. By making an over-meticulous selection of Memberssometimes the selection is not warranted by any clear principles - the United Nations will become an unreal body. If there are States which do command a position of authority over areas, territories and peoples, we say that, whatever view may be held as regards the internaI administration of thase Sta.tes, it is better for them to be within the purview and orbit of the United Nations than outside·iL That is why we voted in favour of the Soviet Union draft resolution. 16. Incidentally, Libya was incIJ...ded in the list of applicant$contained in the Soviet Union draft resolution. On that one country, therefore, as on the other thirteen, the Soviet Union delegation and my delegation could, on that occasion, see eye to.eye. 1/. Members· will reca1l that the type of resolution contained in documents S/2449/Rev.1 and S/2664 has stood in the name of the USSR delegation for some time,'buttt'lat resolution has not alwàys contained the names d. f01Jrteen countries. If I recall correctly, in the pastit f:'Ontained thirteen names [S/2449]. In December of last yea" Libya a?plied for membership in the United Nations. Promptly, thename ofLibya was added to the list in the USSR draft resolution. That createda little trepidation in onr minds. Frankly, at thattime we sincerely.hoped that thename of Libya would not be added to the list. But, it was added. Today, my only hope. is that.it will not be difficult to detach the name of Libya from the list. In fact, 1. think·it is·important that we should, if necessary, detach the name. 18. Why do we considcr that important? Because the case of Libya is unique in the United Nations. We know very wen tha.t Libya, a former Italian colony, has been the subject of discussion in the United Nations fora Ilumber .of· years" and that the achievement of Libyan independence was one of .the greatest and ·most important tasks performed.by our Organization. l think that the United Nationscould easily claim that the independenceof Libya .wasone ofits greatest achievements, of which it should beprow:l. 19. It is not always easy tofind that of which we have a right to be proud in this Organization. B~t in this particular case l think·that the United Nations did .represent and implement the hopes and the aspirations OW'1 decisions and admit Li.bya to membership. 20. At the fourth, fifth and sixth sessions of the General Assembly of the United Nations the question of Libyan membership in the United Nations was mentioned in very cle:;l.r terms in resolutions adopted by the General Assembly. 21. At the fourth session of the General Assembly resolutïon 289 (IV) on Libya stated: "That upon its establishment as an independent State, Libya shall he admitted to the United Nations in accordance with Article 4 of the Charter". 22. At the fifth session of the General Assembly this was reiterated in resolution 387 (V), and the Assembly reaffirmed "its recomm~ndationsthat, upon its establishtnent as an independent State, Libya be admitted to the United Nations in accordance with Article 4 of the Charter". 23. At the sixth session of the General Assembly, by which time Libya's case had been settled, the recom~ mendation of the General Assembly in resolution 515 (VI) reads as follows: "Çonsiders, since the United Kingdom of Libya has been established as·an ind.ependent and sovereign State and has applied for membership in United Nations, that it should now b.~ admitted to the United Nations in accordance of Artk~e 4 of the Charter and the General Assembly's previous recommendations on this subject." 24. In other words, if we admit Libya to membership now, as l hope we shaH, it wouid only be one organ of the United Nations carrying out the decision of another organ which is much larger anrl which reflects a .greater part of world opinion. 25. l find from the records that the last resolution on Libya adopted by the General Assembly was voted for by fifty delegations. 1s there a de1egation sitting . around this table that was· not among ~hose fifty? If so, l should very much like that delegation to declare itself. The records do not show wmch delegations voted in favour of this resolution. So far as l: can see, there was no roll r.all on that occasion. Therefore, if there are any de1egations here that voted against that resolution,. l think they should declare themse1ves now, If not, l thin1< it is their moral durJ to vote for the admission of Libya. 26. Our cbnduct with regard to the application of Libya on this occàsion is a supreme test of whether we, ~s Members of .the United Nations, consistently carry ?utour own moral (bligations. Apartfrom that, l think .If \Yould be a wonderful spectacle for the world of today thaï in three years' time a subjeot people should be helped by the United Nations first to achieve inde-

l request al 1 the speakers ta confine their statements ta the draft resolution under consideration on the question of Libya's admission to membership in the United Nations.

There is hardly need for me to say that l shaU vote in favour of the proposai of Pakistan ta admit Lih,ya to the United Nations. This newcÜ.ner ta the community.of nations, barn as we aU knowunder the regis of t.~e United Nations, fulfils aU the qualifications for me:..'llbership set forth in Article 4 of the Charter. 29. 'Libya is, as it has been unequivocably made clear, a peace-Ioving State which accepts the obligations contained in the Charter and which, in the judgment of the Organization, is. able and ,villing ta carry out these obligations. This judgment of our Organization is embodied in paragraph 7 of resolution 515 (VI) adopted by the General Assembly on1 February 1952. Moreover, it is to be noted that this resolution was passed on the recommendation of the Ad Hoc Political C01ll1IÙttee - by the way,Greece w-as one of the sponsors of the draft proposai on this.questiqn - which recommendation' was adopted at its 54th meeting on 28 January 1952 bl 48 votes to none. The same unanimity was registered when the General Assembly, at its 374th plehary meeting, was caUed to acE upon this recommendation. Fiftv-thTee States vated in favour of thedraft resolution as·a \<l'hole and, as the represe:'1tative oi Pakistan has reminded us, fifty States voted in favour of paragraph 7 whkh ,deals more particularly with the question' of Libya's admission to membership in the United Nations~ Not a single dissenting vote was registered in either instance. 30. Thus, in the Case of Libya as in the case of Italy, the Organization, through its most represent?tive organ, has already rendered i,ts v~rdict in this maLter. It did so by reversing to some extent the established sequence in which the two competent organS of the United Nations -that is, the Security Council and the General Assemb!yare called top.t'Dnounce themselves under paragraph Z of Article 4 of the Charter.. 31. The clear and categorical ~.xpression ot the GeneraL Assembly's will occurring under such conditions cardes with it special weight. Indeed, under paragraph 1. of Article 24 of the Charter, the Members of.the United Nations .agree ·that in carryir~ out its duties, the Security Council· acts on thetr hehalf. Accordingly".a special responsibility is comerred on and a trust is placedin the Council ta which it has to live up under. penalty of forfeiting it. As an organ of the United Nations, the. Security Council acts on behalf of the UI;I#edNations and not on hehalf of its members. ines~'l.pableresponsibility for the future of that country". 1 added that we were dealing with·a country which "has many social and economic problems which the United Nations must help to solve in view of the origin oL thaLcountry~ independence"; Final1y, 1 said that "50 long as Libya is not present at our discussions, ii can only ask indirectly for the fulfilment of the moral commitmer.ts entered into by the United Nations". 1 should like to emphasize those views. 40. The fact of the matter is that the responsibility of the United Nations towards Libya is enormous. It is incumbent upon the United Na.qons to help to maintain the lndependenèe of a country born under the au:;pices of the United Nations. The latter is therefore obliged to create the economic and social conditions which would serve to maintain that independence. In short, it is the bounden duty of the United Nations to guide Libyain its first steps along the road of independence. The United Nations gave Libya. its independence at a time wilen social and economic conditions in the country were deplorable. In fact, in his latest report to the United Nations puhlished a few months ago, ..•the "Supplementary report to the second annual report of the United Nations Cornrnissioner in Libya" 1 the United Nations Cornmissioner in Libya writes that: "Libya is one of the pobrest independent countries in the wodd, with one of the 10wesÎ: per capita national incomes, which reflects the. basic poverty of the nation's· natural resources ... The principal 41. Eisewhere, with referenœ ta health conditions, he says that the number of blind persons is estimated at at least 10 per cent of the total population. 42. In view of this situation, provision was made in General Assembly resolution 515 (VI) for a number of measures concerning United Nations economic and technical assistance to Libya. In the first place, the General Assembly decided that Libya should continue ta receive rechnical assistance pending its admission ta the> United Nations. It then requested the Economie and Social Council to study, in consultation with the Government of the United Kingdom of Libya, ways and means whereby the United Nations, with the cooperat:ion of all goverrunents and the competent specittlized agencies, could furnish additional assistance to the United Kingdom of Libya with a view to financing its fundamental and urgent progranlmes of economie and social development. 43. We may consider, from the most recent iï1Îormation in our p;:::;session, that the United Nations has continu-:-d to provide Libya with some mear.:ure of technical assistance. However, as for the financial aid decided on by the General Assembly, after it had consulted the representatives of the Libyan Government who were present, not much has been done. In fact, the Economie and Social Council, at its last session, postponed dis,:ussion of the question because the Libyan Government 1 .d stated that it was not in a position, for the time being, to make known its financial requirements. J must state qU'ite frank1y that, in view of the objections raised by some great Powers in the General Assembly to the proposaI that the United Nations should organize financial aid to Libya, l have the most serious doubts regarding the considerations which moved the Libyan Government not to press for financial assistance from the United Nations. l am convinced that if Libyan representatives were sitting among us they could not fail at least to express the hope that the General Assembly's recommendations would be carried out in full. 44. l have referred to these faets in order tû stress how urgent is Libya's admi1ssion to the United Nations for the we1fare of its inhabitants. l feel that they must be given the right to speal<: and to vote in demanding that the United Nations shoulO meet the responsibility it unc1ert{)ok towards them. . 45. During the debate in the General Assembly, opposition was expressed ta the recommendation that Libya should be admitted to the United Nations, it being stated that the Libyan Government was taking orders from other governments and had granted them certain·bases. l do not believe t..l1at it is taking orders. But l do maintain that Libya's isolation in no way serves ta 46. In short. we consider that Libva's absence from the United Nations would merely Î11crease its dependence upon other Powers, sup~osing it is actl.1aHy dependent upon them today; and lof it is not, its absencè: would cause it to become dependeilt. 47. Therefore, l associate myself \Vith the representative of Pakistan in appealing to a11 members o~ the Council to vote in favour of Libya's admission to the United Nations. RefusaI to admit Libya w~ald prove a great dil)app 'intment to a great majority of the States Membern of th{: United Nations which have repeatedly urged that Libya should be admitted, and an even greater disappointment to those Asian and African countries which were instrumental in bringing about Libya's independenœ. 48. Mr. TSIANG (China): My delegation has no doubt whatsoeve'r about Libya's qualifications for membership in the United Nations, as stipulated in the Charter. l think ther~ can be no doubt in regard to this matter. The admission of Libya to the United Nations is but the completion of the poliey which Members of the United Nations have hitherto pursued in regard to Libya. China worked hard in the General Assembly to satisfy the aspirations Qi the Libyan people, 50 today l regard it as both a dutY and an honour to vote for the draft resolution submitted by the delegation of Pakistan.

My dele gation agrees withevery word spoken by the repr ~sentative,of Pakistan at the opening of this discussivn as regards Lib; id its ~~is'S:i)nto this Organization. 50. vver 350 million people in the world - among them, the people of Turkeyare following with deep interest the question of Libya's admission to the United Nations. 1 shall not repeat what has already been said 50 eloquently by other representatives as to why, in accordanct: with the spirit of the Charter, as well as with resolutions adopted by the General Assembly, Libya'sadmission should be recommended by the Security Council. 1 shall only stress the fact that the Government and the people of Libya are peace-loving and sincerely attached to the 10fty principles of the United Nations. 51. 1 said that over 350 million people were tensely watching every step we take as regards this matter. The effect will he more depressing than we perhaps :realize if the Security Council fails to accompHsh an obvious duty and thwarts the will and destroys the hopes of millions of people - indeed, of world public opinion as a whole. ... -_ .. 52. COIl5'equently, the TUI'kish de1egation will of cOurse give its whole-hearted support to the Pakistan , - 54. Lastly, the admission of· Ubya was again èebated in the Security Council in the very recent past, during the discussion on the USSR proposai for the admission of the fourteen States to the United Nations. 55. The Security Council therefore had no practical or le~l justification for inc1uding Libyâ's application in the agenda under the heading "New applications", or in the group of applications recenrtly submitted. However, since Libya's application was inc1uded· in the agenda as a new application, despite the USSR delegation's justified cbjection that it was not a new application, the USSR delegation considers it necessary to state the following: 56. Attempts have been made in the past in the General Assembly and in the Security Council, and are being made at the present time,·to distort and present incorrectly the USSR's position on the question of the admission of new Members and, in particular, on the question of the admission of Libya. Yet the attitude of the USSR on the question of Libya's admission is perfectly dear. It is only by disregarding.the facts that it can. be alleged that the USSR is opposed to Libya's admission to the United Nations. 57. The USSR has never opposed in the past and does not now oppose the admission of Libya to member" ship in the United Nations on the same basis as other, equally eligible, Stafes. The USSR is in favour of the simultaneous admission to membership of the fourteen States, including Libya, whose applications have already been co!1sidered in the United Natiolls on several occasions, and categorically oppose,!; the admission of certain selected States and the rejection of the others. 58. What then is preventing the solution of the question of Libya's admission to memibership in the United Nations? By now it is perfectly dear to. aIl that Libya has not yet been admitted to the United ..N<\tiQ~SQ1ely-b~.tse of the attitude adopted by the UIJ.ited States Government and the members of the Anglo-American bloc in the United Nations whièh follow its lead on this question i their position on the 62. Bence, the United States Government and its representative on the Security Counci1 not ouIy failed ta avail themselves of the fust and second opportunity ta permit Libya ta becomè a Member of the United Nations but. on the contraTy, voted against the proposa! on bath occasions. That is the rea1 reason why Libya bas not as yet heenrecommended by the Security ConnciI for admission to the United Nations. It is actmilly due tri the policy of the United States which, on the question of the admission of new Members, îs Dot guided hy the .pro:visio.115 of the C:h:n·t..er but hy its own sclfish considerations, using one yardstick for some countTÏes and quite a different one for other countries. 67. The policy of the United States on the question of the admission of new Members - as if it was not obviollS - is doomed tofailure and its continuation cannat lead ta positive results. That policy should have been abandQned long aga. 68. In discussing the question of Libya's admission ta membel"ship in the United Nations we cannot lose sight of the fad that, at the present moment and in present circumstances, it forms part of the general question of the admission of new Members to the United Nations. It must therefore be borne in mind that Libya's application is not the only application before the Security Council and no theory of exclusiveness in favour of Liibya, to whi'ch some members of the Anglo-American bloc keep trying to refer, !Ï.s applicable in this chamber. 69. Applications have been received froma number of ôther StateH, some of whom submitted them considerably earlier than Libya. It may be recalled that Albania submiLted its application'on 25 January 1946, the MongQlian People's Republic on 24 June 1946, Transjordan (Jordan) on 8 July 1946, Ireland and Portugal on 2 August 1946 and Hungary on 22 April 1947, whereasLibya submitted its application only on 24 December 1951. 70. The USSR ddegation a1so considers it necessary to draw the COUf .:i1's attention tothe folIowing matter. 71. From the earli'est days of the United Nations' up ta and including 1950 the USSR supported applications for memhershipin the United Nations which were submitted to the Secur1ty Cpuncil and approved by the other members of rlle Council. During that period nine States were admitted to th~ United Nations, four 73. We cannot accept such a state .of affairs. Hence) if we adopt an objective) just an dispassionate approach to this question) it will be quite apparent that the Security Council has no justification whatever for selecting Libya)s application for membership in the United Nations and taking a decision on it separately from the other applications of thirteen States whose 2pplications were submitted. appreciably earlier. The peoples of these States contributed to the common caUse of civilization) to the struggle against fascism and aggression and to the effort to strengthen peace and goodwill among peoples) and these States daim) and are fully entitled ta claim, ,: place in theUnited Nations. Eotliveor sLx years) however) as a result of the arbitrary policy pursued by the United States) these States have remained outside the United Nations) solely because their social structure is not ta the lilcing of the United States. 740 If the United. States adopts a just and objective attitude on the question of the admission of new rv.remb~rs) without discrimination against some States and in. faVOtll' of others) it will be possible for Libya) together with the ether States which have applied for membership) to be admitted to the United Nation~ without delay. Such is the position of the USSR. . 75. Ml'. AUSTIN (United States of America): The repetition of the unrealistic condition laid down in the case of the application of Libya is apparently the only obstruction in the pathof the admission of that country, which is a creation of the United Nations. There is no realism in a position such as that to ",hichwe have lisfened tDday) when we viewat the same time document S/2773, a draft resolution concerning the application of .the Democratic Republic of Vietnam for admission to membership in the United Nations w'hich was submitted by the representative of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on 15 September 1952. Apparently there is no logicin such a position. 77. Today the mem!bers of the Security Council have the opportunity ta consider the Libyan application in the light of the Charter. Membership in the United Nations is no more than Libya deserves from this Organization, which is so intimately connected with Libya's creation. The, United Statesmost warmly suppcrts the application of Libya and will vote in favour of it. 78. Mr. HOPPENOT (France) (transJated from French): My delegation has always considered the universality of the Organization as an Ideal towards which aIl our efforts should be directed, and has always affirmed its Irespect for the provisions of Article 4 of the Charter which state by what means this ideal cau be progressive1y attained. Called upon to consider a candidate such as Libya, a State barn under the auspices and protection of the United Nations, aState which undoU!btedly fulfils aIl the conditions laid down by the Charter, my de1egation cannot, for those reasons of principle, hesitate as to the way it will vote; l have already had occasion to indicate that its vote would he favourable. 79. For several ye~rs my-~ountry administered one of the great. sU!b-divisions of the terlfitory of Libya; it is still lending its disinterested collaboration to the technical and economic development of that a'l"ea. As a member of the Council for Libya, it has taken part in the drafting of the new State's Constitution. 80. These CÎlrcumstances, together with the existence of common frontiers between Ubya and vast regions placed under the sovereignty· or protectorate of the French Republic, have naturally ereated friendly and good neighbourly relations 'between Franceand Hbya, which are an additional reason for our earnest desire that the Security Council, by a unammous vote, will recommend to the next session of the General Assembly that Libya be admitted to membership in the United Nations. 81. The PRESIDENT: In my capacity as representative of BRAZIL, l wisn to state the reasons which prompt my delegation to vote in favour of the Pakistan draft resolution recommending the.admission of.Libya , to the United Nations. , .82. The Brazilian delegation .has stated on several occasions fuat the requi!rements of Article 4 of the Charter should he our oniy guide whentheCouncil is called on ta decide a particulàr application for mem': bership. That Li!bya is a peace-Ioving State has already 83. The United Nations sponsored and fostered and promoted the esta!blishment of Libya as an independent State. Let us not now, Iby a vote or by a veto, undo the work we accomplished with earnest conviction and patient effort. 84. l was very much impressed by the statenlent made by the representative of the Soviet Union a few minutes ago. He does not contend that Ubya lacks any of the requirements of Article 4 of the Charter. More than that, he expressed the desire of his Government· to see a new country established under the regis of the United Nations and admitted into the Organization. 85. Today's meeting has thus made it quite clea'T that there is unanimous feeling in the Security Council to the effeet that Libya should now be admitted to, the United Nations. This is a11 the more significant since we must acknowledge that it is very seldom we are able to reach-unanimity on an important international problem. Yet, in spite of this consensus of opinion, the . indications are that Libya may not be admitted now because of Soviet Union adherence to the method of simultaneity in dealing with applications for membership in the Organization. We earnestly appeal to the Soviet delegation to reconsider its position in -the specific case of Libya. It does not seem fair and reasonable that such a cOtirse should be followed in a case where a11 of us are in agreement, including our Soviet Union co11eague, l do not see why, aswas done in the case of Indonesia, the Soviet Union should not forego . its so-called right of veto under the present circumstances. 1 ~eI!!erge from its state of poverty and depen~ence, through the observance of fundamental human nghts, with the decisive help of the United Nations and through effective participation in the Organization's aetivities. 89. Mr. MALIK (Union of Soviet Socialist Republies) (translated from Russian) : l shall endeavour to explain to the President, if he cannot see· it, the difference between the respective positions of Indonesia and Ubya. You have criticized me and asked why the USSR delegation took one position on the question of the admission of Indonesia to the United Nations and another position with respect to the admission of Libya. The reason is elementary and should he understood by al! of us. Indonesia was never an Italian colony. It was not a colonial Stare fighting against the Allied Powers. No mention of Indonesia was ever made in the peac.e t·reaties but, as the United States represeni'ative reminded us, reference was made to Libya and not only to Libya but also to Italy, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and Finland. 90. In aU these peace treaties the great Powers - the USSR, the United States and the United Kingdomjointly undertook ta support the applications of those States for membership in the United Nations. The necessary agreement was worked out in the Italian Peace Treaty in connexion with Libya. The USSR delegation maintains that all these obligations should he carried out. That is the difference in the positions taken in this matter by the United States representative and that adopted by the delegation of the USSR. The USSR delegation maintains that the three Powers whieh signed the peace .treaties should fulfil their obligations undér those treaties towards aU the above.,.mentioned countries and should facilitate their admission to the United Nations without discrimination, without favouritism and regaTdless of the social structure of those countries. In this matter, however, the United. States representàtive takes a completely different view. He likes ltaly and he vores for the admission of Italy. Be likes Ubya and is for Ubya. But he do'es not like Bulgaria, Hurrgary and Romania and V'otes against their admission. 91. That is the chief difference. Tt is just that the USSR stands for and '1'espects the peace treaties and the United States violates them. And as long as the United States continues ,ta violate ·those treaties the Secw:ity Council will not be in a position to take adecision on the question of the admission of new Members, inc1uding Libya. . 92. The President hàs referred to Article 4 of the ::::.:::.:, '93. If, therefore, Mr. President, you had persuaded the United States representative, first, to fulfil the United States obligations under the peace treaties, and secondly, not to intervene in the domestic. affairs of other States, that is to say, not to violate Article 2, paragraph 7, of the Charter and ta observe the provisions of Article 4 of the Charter in con~idering applications for membership in the United Nations, the problem of admission to m"en1bership, or at any rate that of the admission of the fourteen States, would have been settled long ago and youa'l1d l would not: be arguing on this question in the Council. 94. An opportunity to influence the United States representative is open to you. The United States representative made a'solemn promise in the Council that he would '!lot oppose the view of the majority in the Council andin the Assembly. If the members of the Cot111cil so wish, such a situation can be brought about. If the majority of the Council votes in favour of the admission of the fourteen States, the United States representative has assured. us .that he will not oppose their admiss1,on. It is therefore in your power to do this, 1:0 give the. United States representative such an opportunity. It also dependson you, Mr. President. If you vote with the other representatives in favour of adniittillg thefourteen States, the United States representative will find himself obliged to respect the wish of the majority. .out he. is not speaking the truth. It is common knowledge that at the General Assembly in Paris he disregarded the opinion of the. majority, although the majority in the Assembly spoke in ·favour of admitting the fourteen States. 95. Let us bring about a situati:m in the. Security CounciLin vihich the United States representative will have an opportunity to fulfil his promise to respect the will of the majority. Let us collect seven votes in favour ofadmitting the fourteen States, let us sertIe this question once and for aIl and add at one and the same time fourteen States to the roster of the United Nations. This would be a just and sensible solution, wholly in accord with the United Nations Charter, with the provisions .of Article 4 and Article 2 concerningnonintervention in domestic affairs and also withthe dbligations~ in this regard, assumed by the three great Powers, under the ~3ce treaties, towards ltaly, Libya, 96. Thus, MI'. President, grave decisions are in your hands and much depends on you, on how you decide this question. You prefer, however, to decide it, sa to speak, in favour of the United States. Pray continue.

Since there are no ot.1}~r speakers, l put to the vote the draft resolutiot1 on the admission of LiJbya ta membership of the United Nations. This dmft resolution was submitted bj the delegation of Pakistan aiid is contained in document S/2483. A vote was taken by show .of hands, as follows: In favour: BraziI, Chile, China, France, Greece, the Netherlands, Pakistan, Turkey, United K!ngdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America. Against: Union 'Of Soviet Socialist Repuolics. The result of the vote was 10 in favour and 1 against. The draft resolution w~' not adopted, the vote against being tltat of a permanent member of the Council. 98. The PRESIDENT: l, suggest that, owing to the late hour; the meeting should now be adjourned and that $e C'Ouncil should resume its discussion at 3 p.rn. tomorrow. Itwas so decidfld. The meeting rose at 5.50 p.m. SALES AGENTS FOR UNITED DEPOSITAIRES DES PUBUCArlONS llIEEŒ-.ECI "Elefthoroud.Us," tion, Athanos. MHJmNA-AHEtlTIllI Edltori.1 Sud.merlc.n. S.A.. A1dn. 500. Buenos Ai"... AUS1U1IA-AUS1IlUE H. A. Gadd.rd. 255. 6'0<9' St~ Sydnoy. InIIUM-IUIlQUE "'gonco et Mlss.gonos do 1.l'tesse S.A.. 14-22 ru. du P~rsil. Brllxolles. , W. H. Smith 8< Son. 71.75 Boulover<! Ac!ol"he.MOll; Druxoll.... IOllYII";"IOU'flE Librerl. S~lecciono.. Cosill. ~~. La 1'0:. IIIlll-llES.l livrori•. Allir. koo Mexico 9ll-B. Rio do J.noire. WIIIlI Ryerson Press. 299 Qu". St. West. Toronto. l.. Prossos U~iv.rsitoitllS lov.I. Ou.bec. anoN-CETWI Thé .....oci.tod NewsPOpers of Covlon. IUAnMAll Souboud & cr~. Guotemel•• NAin libr.irie "A 1. III·R. Porf.ou.Prin«. HONDUUS librerr. Pon.meric.... Fùen\o, teguclg.lpo. INbIA-11II1 (h.f.;;J Book & St.lion.ry House. New Oelhl. P. V.r.d.ch.ry St. Modr.s i. IIIIIOIlESIA-IIlDOIUSIE Jei.s.n Pemb.ngun.n. 6unung Sah.ri Di.karto. IUJI Kot.b·Kh.noh O.n",h; nue. Tehron.. Ltd~ l.ke House. Colombo. OIIU-OIIU libr.rl.. Iv..ns. Moneà.. 822. S..nli.go. IUQ-IUI M.ck.nzi..•• Boobhep, a1INA-OIINE Comme",i.1 Press. ltd~ 211 Hon..n Rd.. Shcnglillr.-· ......-.- ... lIEWll1';';'IILlNDI Hiberni.n Generel merciol Buildings. CllOMlIA-COtmlllE librerl. Lotin. Ltd..~ Correro ~ 13-05. Bogot6. (05TA 1IC1-COSTA·!UCA Tretos Herm.nos. /\part.do 1313. Son JosS. _A Lo. Casa Belg... O'Roillv '155. Lo Habona. GlCIIClSlOYAIUA-TCIlECOSlOYAQUII &aloslovlnsky Spisov.tel. Naroclni Tride 9. Pt.h~ 1. Isun Blumstein'. Boohtores. Ro.d. Tel Aviv. ITItY-ITIUE Colibri SA. Vi. nllNON-UIAH libreirie univ.rselle. UI"JA' J. Momole Kom.ro. DIIIMIIK-DIN~ lin.r Munbg••rd. ltc/.. Nlfrreg.d. 6. ltllbenhllVft. K. IOMiNICIH IEI'UlUC-1UllI. IIlIIllNlClI~ lib...l.. O..miniCllna. Me",ed.. 49. elu'· ded Truilllo. ECUDOI- IIUltEUI librerr. CientrÏice. Bor 362. GueyaquiL IGrn-llmE Libreirie "l. Reneissonee d'Egypto.N 9 Sh. Adlv !l.she. Coiro. Il WYIDOI-WYIIIOII M..n...1N.v.s y cr••• 1.. Avenido IUr~7. Son Selv.dor. muorlA-SHIOPlE Agence. &Ihiopienne de .f'ublicitS.. t!ox 128, Addis-Al:ebo. lUXEMIOUH "libr..irieJ. Schumme MUICO-IlWQUE Editoriel Hermes 41, Millico. 0.1'. NnHElUNDS-.AYS·US N.V. M.rtinu. Niiholt, ·.-6rew~h.g ... NEW ZUlAND-lIOlMUE.ZELlHDI U. N. Aun. of New Wellingfl>n. NlClllIUA Dr. R<lmiro Romlrez IlOIWAY-HOIYEII Joh.n Grundt gustsgt. 711. Oslo. f1111.1Jl\1_f1111.1Jl\11 'AKIS1'A11 . Thomas 8< Thomas, Re.d, Korechi. 3. Publishcrs United ho.... "l~teeminèn Kirjolouppo. 2, lC..luJ"otu, Helsinki. . . .~ fIAIlŒ Editionill.l'edone. 13 rue SOumot.l';risV. Onfers and inquiries hom ~uillries where soles avenls hove not)'et beén 9Ppointca moy be sent fo: Soles and . . eirculotlon Sedion, United Notions, New York, U.S.A.; or Soles Section, •United Nàtions Office, Palais des NotiollS, Geneva, Switzerlànd. Printed in Canada Priee: 25 (or pnuivalf'.nt