A/34/PV.69 General Assembly

The positions of delegations 7. May I remind members of the decision taken by the General Assembly on 21 September 1979, to the effect that "...when the same draft resolution is considered in a Main Committee and in the plenary Assembly, a delegation should, as far as possible, explain its vote only once, that is, either in the Committee or in the pl~nary Assembly, unless that delegation's vote in the plenary Assembly is different from its vote in the Committee." [4th meeting, para. 349.] 8. We turn first to the report of the Third Committee on agenda item 73[A/34/618]. We shall now take a deci- sion on the draft resolution entitled "Implementation of the Programme for the Decade for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination", recommended by the Third Committee in paragraph 18 of its report. The report of the Fifth Committee on the administrative and financial implications of the draft resolution is con- tained in document A/34/685. A recorded vote has been requested. I The delegation of Japan subsequently informed the Secretariat that it wished its vote to be recorded as an abstention. 2 The delegations of Burma, Gabon, Guatemala, Mali and Yemen subsequently informed the Secretariat that they wished to have their vote recorded as having been in favour of [he draft resolution. 3 The delegations of Angola, Bahamas, Bahrain, Botswana, the

I wish to explain the vote of my delegation on the draft resolution and its annex con- tained in the report of the Third Committee [A/34/ 618]concerning item 73 of the agenda. 11. It is a matter of common knowledge that hostile references to Israel and zionism in previous resolutions on the Implementation of the Programme for the De- cade for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Dis- crimination have transformed this issue into a highly objectionable one and caused deep divisions among States Members of the United Nations. 12. Unfortunately, the malicious manner in which the name of Israel has again been injected into this year's debate on the programme of activities for the second half of the Decade makes this no different from recent years. The programme of activities contained in the an- nex to the resolution contained two references to the Middle East, in paragraphs 8 and 23. Those paragraphs and the call for action in them are based on false allega- tions and a complete and wilful distortion of the truth. They are the outcome of yet another attempt to rein- troduce through the back door the infamous equation of zionism with racism, which has been rejected with contempt and disgust by the enlightened world. Similar- ly, any allegation that the Israeli administration in Judaea, Samaria and the Gaza district is guilty of racial discrimination is a patent and deliberate fabrication. 13. Israel lent its whole-hearted support .to the Pro- gramme for the Decade for Action to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination adopted in General Assembly resolution 3057 (XXVIII) of 2 November 1973. We were eager to participate in those activities as a people that abhors racism and racial discrimination and as a nation that has been the victim of racism for centuries and still is its victim in some parts of the world. 14. Our Arab enemies, however, had other ideas and jumped on to the band wagon of the struggle against racism in order to introduce the equation of zionism with racism. The unity of intent and action among the Members of'the United Nations was thus shattered and has not'been re-established since. Our Arab enemies and their supporters persist in demonstrating their complete contempt for the victims of racism in the present and in the past. Resolutions that should have been adopted unanimously have become deeply controversial, and consequently the programme of activities cannot be universally accepted and implemented. 15. It was on this note of sorrow as well as anger that my delegation voted against the draft resolution recom- mended by the Third Committee. Central African Republic, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Gambia, Ghana, Honduras, India. Iraq, the Ivory Coast, Kenya, Kuwait, Lesotho, Liberia, Mauritius, Mongolia, Nicaragua, Peru, Romania, Rwanda, Singapore, Somalia, Tunisia, the United Republic of Cameroon, Upper Volta, and Zambia subsequently informed the Secretariat thal they wished to have their vote recdrded as having been in favour of the draft resolution. The delegation of Norway subsequently informed the Secretariat Ihat it wished to have its vote recorded as having been against the draft resolution.

I call on the representative of Jordan, who has asked to speak in exercise of the right of reply.

The representative of Israel is fond of distort- ing the truth and pretending that he and his Government are gentle sacrificial lambs, and that their tyrannical rule in the West Bank, Nablus, Hebron and the Gaza Strip are very humane. ,9. The citizens of those regions are suffering from racial discrimination, which is practised against them by zionism, and I should like to remind the General As- sembly of the most recent action taken by Israel, namely the arrest yesterday of the mayor of Nablus and the decision to expel him. What is the meaning of expulsion of citizens from their homes and their own countries but racial discrimination? I think this is sufficient by way of reply for the record.

The General Assembly will now consider the report of the Third Committee on agenda item 85 [A/34/646]. We shall now take a deci- sion on the draft resolution entitled "Review and co- ordination of human rights programmes of organiza- tions in the United Nations system and co-operation with other international programmes in the field of human rights", which is recommended by the Third Committee in paragraph 8 of its report. The Committee adopted that draft resolution without a vote. May I con- sider that the General Assembly wishes to do likewise?

We now turn to the report of the Third Committee on agenda item 86 [A/34/597]. We shall now take a decision on the three draft resolu- tions recommended by the Committee in paragraph 17 of its report. 22. Draft resolution I is entitled "Status of the Inter- national Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination". The Third Committee adopted draft resolution I without a vote, May I consider that the General Assembly wishes to do likewise?

Draft resolution II is entitled "Status of the International Convention on the Sup- pression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid". A separate vote has been requested on the third and fourth preambular paragraphs. We shall therefore vote first on the third preambular paragraph. A recorded vote has been requested. A recorded vole was taken. In favour: Afghanistan. Algeria. Angola, Argentina, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Burundi, Against: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Federal Republic of, Israel, Luxem- bourg, Norway, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Abstaining: Colombia, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Guatemala, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Malawi, Netherlands, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Por- tugal, Spain, Swaziland, Sweden, United States of America.

We shall now proceed to vote on the fourth preambular paragraph. A recorded vote has been requested.

I now put to the vote draft resolution II as a whole. A recorded vote has been re- quested.

The Third Committee adopted draft resolution III as a whole without a vote. May I consider that the General Assembly wishes to do likewise? S The delegation of the United States of America subsequently in- formed the Secretariat that it wished its vote to be recorded as an abstention. 6 The delegations of Burma and Nepal subsequently informed the Secretariat that they wished to have their vote recorded as having been in favour of this paragraph. 7 The delegation of Haiti subsequently informed the Secretariat that it wished to have its vote recorded as having been in favour of this paragraph.

Pursuant to the traditional position of Peru of giving support to efforts at eliminating racism and racial discrimination and, more particularly, apartheid, my delegation voted in favour of draft resolution II con- tained in document A :34/597. Nevertheless, we should like it to be put on record that we maintain the reserva- tions expressed by our delegation in Geneva! concerning some of the paragraphs of the declaration adopted by the World Conference to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination, which was held in that city. 30. Miss BOA (Ivory Coast) (interpretation from French): My delegation would like, for the future, to ask the Secretariat to be slower in proceeding to the adoption of draft resolutions, especially when we are voting on separate paragraphs of draft resolutions. I did in fact make a sign to the Secretary, by raising my coun- try's name-plate to indicate to him that the voting system was not operating fer the Ivory Coast. Now, with regard to the fourth preambular paragraph of draft resolution ILcontained in document A/34/597 [see para. 24 above], it was shown on the voting board that the Ivory Coast had voted in favour of that paragraph, whereas everybody knows full well that my delegation abstained, or at any rate expressed reservations at the time of the adoption of the Declaration and Programme of Action of the Geneva Conference. My delegation would like its vote on the fourth preambular paragraph of draft resolution II to be considered as an abstention, in spite of the fact that we joined in the consensus on draft resolution II as a whole.

This is clearly a technical defect as far as the machine is concerned, and the vote of the Ivory Coast will be reflected as an abstention in respect to the aforementioned paragraph.

The delega- tion of Guatemala voted in favour of the draft resolu- tion on the status of the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apart- heid, but we would like the record to reflect our objec- tion to certain paragraphs of the draft resolution, especially that which refers to the Geneva Conference.

The meeting records will reflect the position stated by the representative of Guatemala.

The United Na- tions has a clear obligation, in accordance with the prin- ciples of the Charter, to work for the total eradication ofthe policy of apartheid. Until that objective is achiev- ed, however, the international community is obliged to alleviate to the fullest possible extent the sufferings caused by the inhuman policy of apartheid and to assist its victims. 36. That is the principal objective of the United Na- tions Trust Fund for South Africa which was establish- ed by the General Assembly in 196~ [resolution 2054B (XX)]. As pointed out in the Secretary-General's report [A/34/661] , that Fund makes grants to voluntary organizations, to Governments -of countries receiving refugees from South Africa and to other .approprlate bodies, to provide for the following: first, legal assistance to persons persecuted under the repressive and discriminatory legislation of South Africa; secondly, relief to such persons and their d;:?endants; thirdly, the education of such persons and their dependants; four- thly, relief for refugees from South Africa; and fifthly, relief and assistance to persons persecuted under repressive and discriminatory legislation in Namibia and Southern Rhodesia and to their families. 37. In view of the South African authorities' systematic and ruthless repression of the opponents of apartheid, the assistance rendered by the Trust Fund is increasingly needed. Fortunately, the increase in the contributions to the Trust Fund in recent years shows the growing international solidarity with the victims of apartheid. The Committee of Trustees of the Fund, however, stresses in its report that still larger contribu- tions are necessary in order to meet the ever-increasing requirements. 38. It is against this background that I have the honour of introducing draft resolution A/34/L.22 on behalf of its sponsors. The great number of sponsors is another testimony to the international concern for the plight of the victims of apartheid and the need for in- creased assistance. 39. The draft resolution contains an appeal for generous contributions to the Trust Fund and to the voluntary agencies concerned. The sponsors trust that this appeal will receive a positive response. Moreover, we believe that the General Assembly will again demonstrate its solidarity with the victims of apartheid and adopt the draft resolution unanimously.

I now call on the representative of Tunisia to introduce the draft resolutions contained in documents A/34/L.30 and A/34/L.32.

-It is an honour for the Tunisian delegation, on behalf of the sponsors, to present to the General Assembly two draft resolutions on the policies of apart- heid of the Government of South Africa. 42. The first of the two drafts is contained in docu- ment A/34/L,30 and deals with the dissemination of in- formation on apartheid. In that draft, the Assembly asks, in particular, that priority be given to the 43. The second draft resolution which I am introduc- ing tc the Assembly is contained in document A/34/ L.32 and deals with the: role of the mass media in inter- national action against apartheid. In this draft, the General Assembly recognizes the vital role of the mass media in informing world opinion of the evils of aport- heid. We know that public opinion, especially in a cer- tain part of the world, knows little or nothing about the fact and the extent of the problem of apartheid. That is why, in the draft resolution, the General Assembly urges all Member States and governmental and non- governmental organizations to take all necessary measures to make effective use of all the mass media to mobilize world public opinion, with a view to eliminating the odious system that prevails in South Africa. We hope that the mass media will answer our appeal and co-operate with the United Nations by broadcasting objective, factual and truthful informa- tion on the situation prevailing in South Africa. The mass media should also, as requested in draft resolution A/34/L.32 demonstrate their solidarity with their col- leagues in South Africa who are persecuted by the in- human and racist Pretoria regime. 44. In conclusion, we shoud like to express our hope that the two draft resolutions we have just presented on behalf of the sponsors from the African and other friendly countries will be adopted unanimously by the General Assembly, since there has always been unanimi- ty in this Assembly on the serious problem of apartheid.

I now call on the representative of the Philippines to introduce draft resolution A/34/L.31.

The delegation of the Philippines has the honour of introducing, on behalf of all the sponsors, draft resolution A/34/L.31 concerning women and children under apartheid. This draft resolu- tion is in accord with developments over the past year relating to the entire international campaign against the 47. In our view, more attention should be devoted to women and children victims of apartheid in the continu- ing struggle against this crime against humanity. Women and children are the most vulnerable and helpless members of society under the South African apartheid regime. Indeed, a draft resolution such as that embodied in document A/34/L.31 is most timely and fitting at this session of the General Assembly in viewof other United Nations observances or anniversaries in connexion with the rights of the child and of the attention focused on the United Nations Decade for Women. 48. As weare all aware, the Special Committee against Apartheid is giving special attention to the plight of women and children under apartheid. In the draft resolution I am introducing the General Assembly re- quests Governments "to take all appropriate action in pursuance of the conclusions and recommendations of the International Seminar on Children under Apartheid". In the same draft resolution, the Assembly appeals to all Governments and organizations "to con- tribute generously towards assistance to the special needs of women and children oppressed by apartheid in- cluding refugees" and encourages Governments and non-governmental organizations "to promote solidarity with women and children under apartheid through con- ferences, seminars and other activities". 49. The laudable objectives of the draft resolution are clear and precise, and my delegation believes that in view of the humanitarian aspects involved there should be no controversy at all regarding them. It is ir, this spirit that my delegation, on behalf of all the sponsors, recommends this draft resolution for unanimous ap- proval by the General Assembly.

I now call on the representative of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, who will introduce draft resolution A/34/L.36.

It gives me pleasure to in- troduce, on behalf of the sponsors, draft resolution A/34/L.36 on the policies of apartheid of the regime in South Africa, under the title "Declaration on South Africa". 52. The policy of apartheid pursued by the South African racist entity is a crime against mankind and human dignity. This racist policy consists in the seizure by an adventurist minority-which has settled il- legitimately in the southern part of Africa-of all the riches of the territory of South Africa, depriving the people of South Africa, the legal and legitimate owners, of that wealth and of the right to live in their own homeland in freedom and peace, all this being under- taken in complete disregard of world public opinion and United Nations resolutions. 53. The racist South African entity, in order to con- tinue to dominate the people of the territory, exploit its 54. The policy of apartheid pursued by the South African entity through the arbitrary legislation it has enacted and the threats, terrorism and repression it is directing at the people of South Africa have deprived that people of their inalienable rights. 55. The persistence of the South African entity in ig- noring United Nations resolutions, whether of the General Assembly or the Security Council, and its con- tinued defiance of such resolutions have led to increased tension in the region, to the extent that it not only en- dangers peace and security in South Africa and Africa as a whole but also constitutes a threat to international peace and security. The intransigence of that entity in ignoring the resolutions of United Nations bodies has become an obstacle to the attainment of a just, peaceful and lasting settlement of South African issues. 56. The policy of discrimination pursued by the racist South African entity against the indigenous peoples in South Africa, depriving them of their own property by setting up bantustans with a view to fragmenting that part of South Africa into so-called mini-States, in order to perpetuate apartheid, and withdrawing the citizen- ship from the African inhabitants, has been condemned by both the General Assembly and the Security Council. 57. The General Assembly has also condemned the strengthening of the military build-up of South Africa and its repeated acts of aggression against neighbouring countries. 58. The General Assembly has recognized the struggle of the people of South Africa for the freedom and equality of which it has been so long deprived. Thus, the General Assembly has declared that all the people of South Africa, irrespective of race, colour or creed, should be enabled to exercise their right to self- determination and to establish a society in South Africa based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and free from apartheid. The establishment of such a society would be a significant contribution to the promo- tion of security and peace-a just peace, not imposed from outside - thus ensuring tranquillity and justice for all. 59. The General Assembly, expressing the views of the international community, would declare by this draft resolution that it recognizes the legitimate struggle of the people of South Africa to eliminate ppartheid, and that that people has the right to choose the means of carrying out the struggle that will guarantee its rights hl equality and justice, regardless of race, colour or creed. 60. Member States, while recognizing that right for the people of South Africa, would solemnly undertake to refrain from co-operating with the South African regime, directly or indirectly, and to take firm action to prevent the recruitment, financing, training or passage of mercenaries in support of the apartheid regime of South Africa or the bantustans created by it. 62. Since the racist South African entity has under- taken nuclear testing, by which it has demonstrated the development of its potential in that field, paragraph 6 of the proposed declaration on South Africa would stipulate that: "All States shall respee• the desire of African States for the denuclearization of the continent of Africa and refrain from any co-operation with the South African regime in its plans to become a nuclear Power." Paragraph 7 of the proposed declaration on South Africa would provide that: "All States shall demonstrate international solidarity with the oppressed people of South Africa and with the independent African States subjected to threats or acts of aggression and subversion by the South African regime." 63. The draft resolution is very clear and needs no fur- ther explanation. It can be summarized as follows: there is a racist regime, which has defied and continues to defy the international community by imposing the policy of apartheid against the people of southern Africa, using threats and terrorist acts and ignoring the relevant General Assembly and Security Council resolu- tions and the United Nations Charter. The indigenous people of South Africa are forced to choose between two courses, of which it is difficult te' say which is the easier: they can either accept the fait a compli and wait for the awakening of the conscience of the racist minori- ty, or they can fight the policy of apartheid by all possi- ble means and eliminate it. The indigenous people of South Africa have chosen the second alternative, because the racist South African entity is devoid of human conscience. It is now for the General Assembly to support the people of South Africa in their struggle to eliminate the policy of apartheid and establish a society free from fanaticism or discrimination. 64. On behalf of the sponsors, my delegation appeals to the General Assembly to adopt this draft resolution unanimously.

I now invite the representative of Nigeria to introduce the draft resolutions in documents A/34/L.21, A/34/L.24, A/34/L.25 and A/34/L.34.

The debate on the "Policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa", agenda item 28, has taken place this year against the background of the reported nuclear detona- tion by South Africa, the military aggression of South Africa against the front-line States, the blatant in- terference by South Africa in the ongoing constitutional talks for the independence of Zimbabwe, the influence peddling, bribery and distortion that make up the 50- called Muldergate scandal in a number of countries and the apartheid regime's brazen defiance of the will of the international community as clearly shown in its foot- dragging over the independence of Namibia. 68. In keeping with the multidimensional aspects of the problem, a number of draft resolutions have already been submitted today. On behalf of the sponsors, Nigeria has the privilege of introducing those contained in documents A/34/L.21, A/34/L.24, A/34/L.25, and A/34/L.34. 69. The draft resolution entitled "Situation in South Africa", contained in document A/34/L.21, is what has been usually called the omnibus draft resolution on apartheid. It distils the essence of the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid. It also by and large reaffirms the position of the Special Committee and stresses the importance of both sanctions and sup- port for the liberation movements. Indeed, the draft resolution dealing with the arms embargo against South Africa, contained in document A/34/L.24, and that on nuclear collaboration with South Africa, contained in document A/34/L.24, and that on nuclear collabora- tion with South Africa, contained in document A/34/ L.25, in a sense flow from certain paragraphs of this omnibus draft resolution. 70. I wish to recall that this General Assembly, reac- ting against the Sharpeville massacres, adopted a resolu- tion in 1962 [resolution 1761 (XVII)] calling for the im- position of sanctions against South Africa. In that respect, the paragraphs dealing with sanctions in draft resolution A/34/L.21 are nothing new. 71. I now wish to draw attention to certain other paragraphs of the draft resolution to which the Special Committee attaches considerable importance. The first is operative paragraph 15, which requests the United Nations and specialized agencies to set the required ex- ample for other hesitant Governments and international organizations to follow. 72. I wish also to draw attention to operative paragraph 17, which contains an appeal to the youth of South Africa to refrain from enlisting in the South African armed forces. This is a quite new element as far as these resolutions go, but it is clear that, since the armed forces are part of the machinery designed to de- fend and perpetuate the inhuman system of apartheid and to repress the legitimate struggle of the oppressed peoples, this appealto South African youthnot to enlist in the armed forces is quite timely, and, furthermore, is motivated by a desire to save the youth from the conse- quences of war and, indeed, for peace. 73. Turning to draft resolution A/34/L,24, on the arms embargo against South Africa, it will be recalled that the Security Council in turn adopted its resolution 421 (1977) on the arms embargo against South Africa. Although the adoption of the resolution was itself a step in the right direction, many problems have been en- countered concerning interpretation of that resolution. In the Committee's judgement, the aim of that resolu- tion was to seek the full implementation of the arms em- bargo. That loop-holes have been discovered in the resolution itself is distressing enough. What is even 74. With regard to draft resolution A/34/L.25, deal- ing with nuclear soIlaboration with South Africa, the re- cent developments in South Africa demand that this matter of nuclear collaboration be accorded the highest priority in the United Nations. In summary, all this draft resolution seeks is the strengthening of Security Council resolution 418 (1977), in the light of recent developments concerning South Africa's nuclear ambi- tions, with their ominous prospects for all mankind. 75. I come now to draft resolution A/34/L.34 on the programme of work of the Special Committee against Apartheid. As is well known, Nigeria has had the privilege and honour of providing the chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid for many years past. It gives the Nigerian delegation cause for much pride and satisfaction to hear the amount of praise be- ing lavished on both the Committee for its work and the Chairman for his guidance and inspiration in that respect. As apartheid spreads its tentacles and becomes more unrelenting, it is only reasonable to expect the work of the Committee to increase. However, this is dependent also on the provision of adequate resources for the Committee to prosecute its assigned tasks. There is no gainsaying that the effectiveness of the Committee depends in part on the co-operation and services rendered by the Secretariat. It is quite obvious that the work of the Committee would be paralysed if the staff servicing both the Committee and its sub-cOI;nmittees, on the one hand, and the Centre against Apartheid, on the other, were not adequately strengthened and en- couraged. 76. I wish, in this connexion, to recall that the idea reflected in operative paragraph 5 of draft resolution A/34/L.34 was introduced last year. For a number of considerations, action was deferred. It can hardly be over-emphasized that, given the number of special pro- jects, campaigns and mobilization efforts now embarked upon and envisaged by the Committee, it will need all the staff of the right calibre it can get, within reason, to prosecute its functions to a successful end and thus discharge its mandate. The amount requested in op- erative paragraph 5 of the same text is meant to take care of the special projects which the Committee would undertake to promote the International Mobilization against apartheid. 77. Before I proceed, I have the authority of the spon- sors of this draft resolution to modify orally operative paragraph 11. The new operative paragraph 11 reads as follows: "Decides further to concretize its resolution 3116 I of 9 November 1976, in which it declared that the people of South Africa and their national liberation movements are a special responsibility of the United Nations and the international community, by author- izing adequate financial provision in the budget of the United Nations for purposes of maintaining the offices in New York of the national liberation This paragraph, as has been spelled out, concerns assistance for the national liberation movements. The national liberation movements concerned are recognized by OAU. They participate as observers in the work of the Special Committee and other organs of the United Nations. The need to render them assistance with which to maintain their offices is imperative. Such assistance should by no means be considered a favour; rather, it should be regarded as a means of increasing their effec- tiveness. 78. In operative paragraph 6, the expansion of the Committee's membership is requested anew, so that it may cope with its increasing and manifold tasks. The Committee is convinced that the inclusion of new members from the front-line States would be most helpful. It is unfortunate that the Committee has not been able to achieve the measure of equitable geo- graphical distribution that is traditional in the United Nations because of the absence of Member States from one of the regional groups. I am speaking of the group of Western European and other States. It is my hope that in holding your consultations, Mr. President, you will persuade members from other groups of States to join their colleagues in the Committee in the common struggle against the evils of apartheid, which, after all, this august Assembly has characterized as a crime against humanity.

I call on the representative of Peru to introduce draft resolution A/34/L.29.

It is a great honour and satisfaction for my delegation to introduce in this Assembly draft resolu- tion A/34/L.29, entitled "Assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement". This draft resolution has been sponsored by 49 countries, and in it we consider the unjust situa- tion of the Sout!). African people subjected to the apart- heid regime, which has been condemned by the interna- tional community. 81. In its preambular part it reaffirms the legitimacy of the South African people's struggle for self-de- termination and equality. It recognizes the need for in- creased assistance in various fields by the international community to the South African people, to the refugees fleeing from that country and to the national liberation movement in its efforts to establish a non'-racial society. It also considers that the international community has the duty to assist those African States which are con- stantly victims of acts or threats of aggression because they help the South African people in pursuance of the relevant resolutions of our Organization and of OAU. 82. In its operative part, it appeals to States to increase the assistance they give to the national liberation movements, with a view to placing the South African people in a position to exercise their right to self- determination; it indicates the need to grant support to the educational projects of the national liberation 83. In this connexion, we wish'to add an operative paragraph 4 in which, taking into account the special responsibility of the United Nations and the interna- tional community towards the South African people and its liberation movements, would authorize the necessary financial provision in the United Nations budget for maintaining the New York offices of the African National Congress of South Africa and the Pan-Africanist Congress of Azania, which have been recognized by OAU. . R4. In view of the aims of this important draft resolu- tion. my delegation is convinced that it will receive the overwhelming sLlpport of the members of the international comlllunity.

I call on the representative of Sweden to introduce draft resolution A/34/L.39.

On behalf of the sponsors, my delegation has the honour of introducing the draft resolution contained in document A/34/L.39 concerning investment in South Africa. 87. During its previous three sessions, the General Assembly adopted, by an overwhelming majority, resolutions 31/6 K, 32/105 0 and 33/183 0, respectively, in which it urged the Security Council to consider steps to achieve the cessation of further foreign investments in South Africa. The last-mentioned resolution also in- cluded an element concerning the cessation of financial loans to South Africa. We regretfully note, however, that the Security Council, while seized of the question of South Africa, has so far been unable to reach agreement on steps to achieve the cessation of further foreign in- vestments in and financial loans to South Africa. 88. Since the adoption of that resolution last year by the Assembly, the motives for taking steps in that direc- tion have remained equally pressing. A diminishing in- flow of capital for investments and other purposes into South Africa would be an effective means of putting pressure on the South African regime la change its racial and aggressive policies. Among other things, it would make it more difficult for that country to fulfil the ambitious and costly build-up of its military and nuclear capacity and its energy reserves for the purpose of withstanding internal and international pressures. The sponsors therefore find it urgent to strengthen ef- forts to stem the flow of resources io South Africa for the purpose of investments. 89. Some countries m~y find the scope of the draft resolu- tion too limited. Jlowever. as was rhe case in previous years, the sponsors have formulated the oper~tive element of the draft resolution in such a way as to make it possible for the widest range of countries to vote for it. The broadest possi- ble support for this kind of action would be a clear signal to Sou th Africa that the world community as a whole is strong- ly reacting against its apartheid policies.

I call on the representative of Haiti, who will introduce draft resolution A/34/L.27.

On behalf of the sponsors, my delegation has the honour and the privilege of introducing to the Assembly draft resolution A/34/L.27 concerning ban- tustans. More than 50 States have sponsored this draft resolution. 93. One of the most abhorrent and most despicable aspects of the racial policy of the South African regime is the establishment of bantustans which, on the pretext of preserving the specific characteristics of the different South African ethnic groups, allow 4 million whites to keep more than 16 million South African blacks in con- ditions verging on slavery. 94. While apartheid is, first of all, a system of domination and economic exploitation, bantustaniza- tion, which may be rightly considered to be the biggest hoax in the history of decolonization, is the most dread- ful and merciless weapon used by Pretoria to con- solidate and perpetuate that system of domination. 95. With the creation of these bantustans, the Africans find themselves banished from the urban areas, which they can visit only if they have the ap- propriate documents. They remain confined to tribal reservations, providing a cheap source of labour to be exploited unscrupulously for the benefit of the. white racists and of foreign economic interests. 96. This is not the time to describe the wretched condi- tions in these bantustans, where the black man suffers from all forms of destitution and deprivation. None the less, it is well to remember that daily life there is characterized by poverty, malnutrition, unemployment, lack of schools, and of medical care, in brief, by the lack of those opportunities which are necessary for a human being to develop. 97. The black man, each time he is admitted into the white zones, which represent 85 per cent of South African territory, has no rights, not even the most elementary ones. In return for his labour he receives merely a subsistence-level salary and enjoys no form of social protection whatsoever. 98. The true magnitude of this unprecedented crime of the creation of bantustans can only be measured in the light of the fact that the African is thereby rendered a stateless person in his own country, in violation of the principles of international law, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and of the generally ac- cepted standards of civilized societies. 99. Bantustanization is an attack upon the territorial integrity of South Africa and threatens to break down the unity of the South African people, a unity which is essential for the continuation of the liberation struggle. 100. Draft resolution A/34/L.27, which members have before them, reflects the concern of the General Assembly over the worsening of the situation in the 101. By denouncing, in operative paragraphs 1 and 2, the establishment of bantustans and by declaring, in operative paragraph 4, its firm support to any State which may be subjected to threats and pressures by the racist regime in the pursuit of its bantustan policy, which is the key element in the oppression of the Africans through apartheid, the General' Assembly would be acting in conformity with the responsibilities of the United Nations with regard to the total elimina- tion of apartheid. 102. The last two operative paragraphs, which call upon all Governments to continue to deny any form of recognition to the so-called "independent" bantustans and to take effective measures to prohibit all in- dividuals, corporations and other institutions under their jurisdiction from having any dealings with those bantustans, simply reiterate recommendations already adopted by the General Assembly in order to bring about the complete isolation of the South African regime and to force it to end its racist policy of apart- heid. 103. The other sponsors and I hope that this draft resolution will gain the unanimous support of the members of the Assembly, who would thereby show proof of their solidarity with and their commitment to the cause of the liberation of the oppressed people of South Africa.

I call on the representative of Algeria, who will introduce draft resolution A/34/L.26.

On behalf of the 42 sponsors, I have the honour of introducing draft resolution A/34/L.26 on the oil embargo against South Africa. 106. I should like to recall here the merit and foresightedness of the liberation movements of southern Africa whose efforts and activities within the interna- tional community have made possible first the applica- tion of an arms embargo measure against South Africa, and then the preparation of equally mandatory meas- ures with regard to supplies of oil and oil by-products to that stronghold of racism and apartheid. 107. The draft resolution before the General Assembly today is quite clear. Moreover, it makes a very ap- preciable contribution to the universal effort to eradicate apartheid, which is a scourge of mankind. Therefore I shall refrain from commenting on each of the paragraphs comprising this important document. I do wish, however, to mention the second paragraph of the preamble, noting the great contribution of the new regime of Iran, which has taken the historic decision to halt all oil deliveries to South Africa and also to break off all relationships with Pretoria. That action comes within the context of the general measures advocated by the authors of draft resolution A/34/L.26, who appeal to the Security Council to consider an embargo on the supply of petroleum to South Africa under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. The sponsors also ap- peal to all Member States to take a certain number of elementary measures to contribute to the combined ef- fort of the international community as a whole to bring 108. Moreover, the draft resolution suggests that the Secretary-General should appoint a group of experts to prepare a report with proposals on means to impose an effective embargo against South Africa, and finally, it encourages the Special Committee against Apartheid to continue its activities within the framework of its impor- tant programme. 109. On behalf of the sponsors, the Algerian delega- tion requests members of the General Assembly to adopt draft resolution A/34/L.26 unanimously. In that way, the United Nations would express its complete solidarity with the oppressed South African people and contribute to bringing justice to the entire African conti- nent, which is threatened by the racist minority regimes of southern Africa.

I now call on the represen- tative of the United Republic of Tanzania, who will in- troduce draft resolution A/34/L.35.

Before introducing the draft resolution contained in document A/34/L.35, entitled "Apartheid in sports", I should like, as one of the members in the Ad Hoc Com- mittee on the Drafting of an International Convention against Apartheid in Sports, to inform the General Assembly of the progress that we have made so far in the drafting of that convention. 112. Representativ.es may recall that the AdHoc Com- mittee was established by the General Assembly under resolution 31/6F of 9 November 1976, with the specific mandate of preparing ;]4 draft declaration on apartheid in sports and undertaking preparatory steps towards the drafting of an international convention against apart- heid in sports In 1977, the General Assembly, by resolution 321105 M, adopted and proclaimed the Inter- national Declaration against Apartheid in Sports and re- quested the AdHoc Committee to draft an international convention against apartheid in sports. 113. At the preceding session of the General Assem- bly, the Ad Hoc Committee submitted a progress report and appended a draft convention consisting of 9 pream- bular paragraphs and 23 articles. 9 114. At that time, it reportedthat the Ad Hoc Com- mittee had reached agreement on. all the preambular paragraphs and on 18 of the articles. On the other 5 ar- ticles, however, no consensus was reached. It was then that the General Assembly, in resolution 33/183 N of 24 January 1979, decided to request the Ad Hoc Commit- tee to continue its work with a view to completing the draft international convention for submission to the General Assembly at this session. As representatives will recall, this request has been complied with. 115. As I pointed out when introducing the report of the Ad Hoc Committee, that body has made significant progress in reaching an agreement on the preamble and on all the articles, with the exception of one. Agreement was also reached on revisions to the draft international 116. The draft resolution consists ofJour preambular r-aragraphs and four operative paragraphs. The first ~ nbular paragraph recalls and reaffirms the resolu- tion" ,)0 far adopted by the General Assembly, and in particular the International Declaration against Apart- heid in Sports annexed to resolution 321105 M of 14 December 1977. 117. The second preambular paragraph takes note of the reports of the Special Committee against Apartheid and that of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Drafting of an International Convention against Apartheid in Sports. The other two preambular paragraphs reaffirm the importance of a complete cessation of all sports ex- changes with South Africa, while rejecting South Africa's manoeuvres to deceive world opinion into believing that sports in that country are practiced in a proper manner. 118. Operative paragraph 1 of the draft resolution is based on the recommendation of the Ad Hoc Commit- tee in which it asked for the extension of its mandate in the light of the progress it has made, so that it can con- tinue its work with a view to submitting a draft conven- tion to the General Assembly at its thirty-fifth session. 119. Operative paragraph 2 authorizes the Ad Hoc Committee to consult with representatives of organiza- tions concerned and experts on apartheid in sports. In this connexion, I must point out, as Chairman of the Ad Hoc Committee, that in the course of our work this year we have benefited significantly from the consultations w~~ have had with those organizations, particularly the Supreme Council for Sport in Africa, and the Tripartite Commission of the International Olympic Committee. We hope that the General Assembly will, once again, authorize the continuance of those consultations. 120. Operative paragraph 3 is a mere expression of ap- preciation and commendation of those Governments, sports bodies and sportsmen and other organizations that, with self-sacrifice, have taken action to end sports exchanges with South Africa. 121. The last operative paragraph invites the Special Committee against Apartheid to continue its activities to promote the implementation of United Nations resolutions concerning sports exchanges with South Africa. 122. It is the hope of the sponsors that this resolution will meet with the full support of the General Assembly.

I call now on the represen- tative of Liberia to introduce draft resolution A/34/L.23.

Mr. President, may I, through you, crave the indulgence of the Assembly while I introduce yet another resolution on the policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa? 125. My delegation and the other sponsors of draft resolution A/34/L.23 regarding an international con- 126. My delegation and the other sponsors of draft resolution A/34/L.23, together with all members of OAU, seek the total destruction of apartheid: nothing less, nothing more. We appreciate the support given by the overwhelming majority of States Members of the United Nations from year to year to resolutions against apartheid, but we feel that the time for resolutions alone has passed. Concrete action must now be taken, and that il; why we have proposed the draft resolution which I am introducing calling for an international conference on sanctions against the racist regime in Pretoria. 127. The GeneraI Assembly at its resumed thirty-third session earlier this year envisaged the adoption of en- forcement measures under Chapter VII of the Charter by the Security Council against South Africa, but this has yet to occur The Assembly of Heads of State and Government of OAU, when it met at Monrovia in July this year and the Sixth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, when it met at Havana in September, both supported the imposition of mandatory sanctions against South Africa. Those two important conferences went further and endorsed the proposal of the Special Committee against Apartheid for the organization of an international conference on sanctions against South Africa. 128. Against the background of such impressive and broad support from the overwhelming majority of the States Members of the United Nations, the sponsors of draft resolution A/34/L.23 are confident that the General Assembly will have no difficulty in deciding to organize in 1980, in co-operation with OAU, an interna- tional conference on 'sanctions against South Africa. The Assembly is also being asked to authorize the Special Committee against Apartheid to take all necessary steps for the organization of the conference and preparatory meetings. Our draft resolution con- cludes by requesting the Secretary-General to provide all necessary assistance to the Special Committee in the organization of the conference and to appoint a secretary-general of the conference; and it invites all ap- propriate United Nations bodies, specialized agencies and other intergovernmental organizations and non- governmental organizations to co-operate with the Special Committee in the implementation of the resolu- tion.

I now call on the represen- tative of India to introduce draft resoiution A/34/L.28.

My delegation con- siders it a great privilege to be able to introduce draft resolution A/34/L.28 on political prisoners in South Africa, which has been sponsored by my country, along with a large number of States Members of the United Nations. 132. It was over three decades ago that the late Mr. Jawaharlal Nehru first brought the issue of racism in South Africa before the United Nations. Over those years, the racist regime of South Africa, with the assistance of certain affluent and industrialized coun- tries, has been trying to perpetuate its uncivilized policy of apartheid. A reign of terror and suppression has been let loose by that regime on the black majority of South Africa, some of whose revered leaders have been given life sentences and have been even subjected to torture leading to their death. 133. My delegation has just received the shocking news that, in the trial being held at Pietermaritzburg in connexion with charges of "high treason" and accusa- tions under the notorious Terrorism Act, 12 freedom fighters of the African National Congress of South Africa have today been given savage sentences. Mr. James Mange, 24 years old, was sentenced to death. The other 11 were sentenced to between 13 and 18 years imprisonment. Immediately after the sentence, the 12 men sang freedom songs and held up placards reading: "Apartheid is a crime against humanity", "Apartheid is treason" and "Never on our knees". The judge then sentenced them to an additional 12 months. This latest news underlines the urgency of international action to ensure an end to repression and the release of political prisoners. 134. The Special Committee against Apartheid has repeatedly stressed that executions of patriots will have grave consequences. The apartheid regime, however, defied urgent. appeals by the Security Council and by many. Heads of State or' Government, and executed Mr. Solomon Mahlangu on 6 April 1979. 135. The United Nations and States Members must immediately take action to save the life of James Mange, for the United Nations has recognized that the struggle of the South African people for liberation is a legitimate struggle and, in fact, a significant contribu- tion to the fulfilment of the purposes and principles of the United Nations. 136. My delegation would like to reiterate India's sup- port for and solidarity with the black majority of South Africa in their struggle against this oppression. 137. Dratt resolution A/34/L.28, which is before us today, recalls past resolutions of the United Nations concerning political prisoners in South Africa. It notes with grave concern the executions, torture and killings by the illegal regime of South Africa of the opponents 139. In its operative paragraphs, the draft resolution, expressing solidarity with the national liberation move- ment of South Africa and all those struggling for the elimination of apartheid and racial discrimination, once again demands that the racist regime of South Africa end violence and repression against the black people and release all persons detained, imprisoned, restricted or charged under arbitrary repressive laws. 140. The draft resolution specifically condemns the racist regime of South Africa for its execution of Solomon Mahlangu and declares that freedom fighters captured during the struggle for liberation must be en- titled to prisoner-of-war status and treatment in accord- ance with the relevant Geneva Conventions. It also urges the Secretary-Oeneral and Member States to take appropriate measures to save the lives of all prisoners threatened with execution in trials staged by the illegal racist regime of South Afnca under the obnoxious Ter- rorism Act. 141. My delegation is aware that the States Members of the United Nations fully recognize the gravity of the situation in South Africa, which not only affects the black majority of that unfortunate country but also en- dangers world peace and security. My delegation therefore sincerely hopes that the States Members of the United Nations will adopt this important draft resolu- tion by consensus, as they have done in similar cases in past years.

I now call on the represen- tative of Ghana to introduce draft resolutiun A/34/L.33.

I appreciate the op- portunity offered me to introduce, on behalf of its spon- sors draft resolution A/34/L.33 relating to the role of non-governmental organizations in international action against apartheid. 144. In paragraph 329 of its report to this Assembly, the Special Committee against Apartheid drew attention to the important role played by anti-apartheid and solidarity movements, and by numerous trade unions, religious bodies, and student and youth organizations, in co-operation with the Special Committee, in support of United Nations efforts for the eradication of apart- heid. It made particular mention of the invaluable co- operation of the NGO Sub-Committee on Racism, Racial Discrimination, Apartheid and Decolonization, the World Campaign against Military and Nuclear Co- operation with South Africa, the International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa, the International 145. The declaration on the role of transnational cor- porations, adopted by the International Seminar organized by the British Anti-Apartheid Movement in co-operation with the Special Committee and held in London early this month, is before this Assembly [A/34/655, annex]. 146. The role of non-governmental organizations in our common effort to find ways and means of pro- moting concerted international action to, eliminate the criminal policies of apartheid cannot be over- emphasized. They have been a major pillar of support to the Special Committee and to the, libertion movements. The Chairman of the NGO Sub-Committee on Racism, Racial Discrimination, Apartheid and Decolonization is here in New York to consult with the Special Committee on future programmes and ac- tivities, and particularly the proposals on holding an in- ternational action conference of non-governmental organizations on sanctions against South Africa from 30 June to 3 July 1980. The action conference of non- governmental organizations on sanctions against South Africa would provide a very useful preparatory ground for or contribution to the United Nations-OAU interna- tional conference proposed in draft resolution A/34/L.23 which was just introduced by the represen- tative of Liberia. 147. The draft resolution on the role of non-govern- mental organizations in international action against apartheid gives recognition to the very important role played by non-governmental organizations in moulding world public opinion on international action for the eradication of apartheid. The second preambular paragraph relates to the commendable activities of non- governmental organizations in support of the resolu- tions and decisions of the United Nations and in co- operation with the Special Committee and the Centre against Apartheid. The last preambular paragraph acknowledges that the success of the international mobilization against apartheid requires concerted action by non-governmental organizations. 148. The operative section of the resolution has three paragraphs. In the first, the General Assembly "Requestsuse Special Committee against Apart- heid, the Centre against Apartheid of the Secretariat and other United Nations bodies concerned, as well as the specialized agencies, to continue and further develop co-operation with all non-governmental organizations active in opposition to apartheid". In ope Hive paragraph 2, the Assembly "Invites all Governments to take appropriate steps to encourage and assist such non-governmental organizations" . In the third and last operative paragraph, the Assembly "Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Special Committee, to ensure closest contact by all United Nations offices with such non-govern- mental organizations." ISO. The PRESIDENT: I now call on the represen- tative of the Sudan to introduce draft resolution A/34/L.37.

My dlelegation has the honour of submitting. on behalf of the sponsors, draft resolution A/34/L.37 on the relations and co-operation between Israel and South Africa.. 152. The report of the Special Committee against Apartheid has confirmed the increasmg military nuclear and economic relations betwen Israel and South Africa. We have all heard the news of the nuclear explosions which were recently carried out by South Africa and of the technical assistance given by the Israelis in that respect. 153. There are three operative paragraphs in the draft resolution. The first would condemn Israel's relations with South Africa, and the second would demand that Israel desist from and terminate all forms of collabora- tion. 154. The General Assembly has adopted similar resolutions by an overwhelming majority. We are sure that this resolution will also be supported by the Assembly because relations between the two entities are constantly increasing. in spite of the many resolutions 156. Given the difficulties in concluding our voting ex- peditiously today. in that several delegations were late for the voting, I should like all delegations to be aware of the manner in which I intend to conduct the business of the plenary meetings. This is particularly important since. during the remainder of the session. we shall be receiving a large number of committee reports and shall be required to take a large number ofvotes. 157. I should like to restate that it is my intention to begin plenary meetings punctually. Secondly, it is my in- tention to proceed to the vote when such is required whenever-and I repeat: "whenever't-c-the necessary quorum exists. For those who arrive late or wish to change any inaccurately recorded vote. a system exists whereby representatives may proceed to the voting table on the floor of the hall to my left and fill in a special form designed for this purpose. 158. I appeal for the co-operation of all delegations in expediting the business of the plenary meetings. since. as I have indicated previously. we have an especially large number of items this year requiring consideration by the plenary Assembly. The meeting rose at 5.35 p.m.