A/RES/2131(XX) GA

Re110Jqtiom1 adopted on the reports of the First Committee 11 reviews on the activities and resources of various inter- national organizations and bodies relating to the peaceful uses of outer space, on national and co operative in- ternational space activities, on bibliographies and ab- stracting services, and on education and training; 3. Notes v.n"th appreciation that a number of Member States have, on a voluntary basis, co-operated ex- tensively with the programme of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space by providing information on their space activities, and 1m~es other Member States to do so; 4. Supports the request of the Committee on th<:' Peaceful Uses of Outer Space that the Secretary- General disseminak on a continuing l::1sis information received from Member States on the needs and facilities for education and training in space-related subjects: 5. N ates also with appreciation that certain Member States have contributed to the goals of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, as laid down in its reports, by establishing educational and training programmes, and urges other Member States to do so; 6. Notes the decision of the Committee on the Pe;ice- tul Uses of Outer Space to convene. on 18 January 1966, the Working Group established to examine the desirability, organization and objectives of an inter- national conference or meeting to he helrl in 1967 on the exploration and peaceful uses of outer space, as well as to make recommendations on the question relating to the participation in that meeting nf the appropriate international organizations; 7. Accords United Nations sponsorship to India for the continuing operation of the Thumba interna- tional equatorial sounding rocket launching facility, which is eligible for such sponsorship and such as- sistance as may he requester! in :ircordance with the basic principles endorsed hy tlw c;enera 1 Assembly in its resolution 1802 (XVTT) of H OecnnhPr 1962: 8. Takes note of the resoltition adopted by the Com- mittee on Space Researc-h at its seventh session, held in May 1964, on the basis of the report of its Consultative Group on Potentially H::i.rmfol Effects nf Space Ex- periments; 9. N ates with appreciation that, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 1721 (XVI) of 20 De cember 1961, the Secretary-General continues to main- tain a public registry of objects launched into orbit or beyond on the basis of information being furnished hy Member States; 10. Notes with satisfaction the growing measure of co-operation among many Member States in the pf'ace - ful exploration and use of outer space; 11. Urges that space activities be carried out in such a manner that States may share in the adventure and the practical benefits of space exploration irrespective of the stage of their economic or scientific development: 12. Noles with appreciation the progress reports submitted by the World Meteorological Organization17 and the International Telecommunication Union18 on their _activities in the field of outer space and invites these organizations to make progress reports to the Committee on the Pearefol Use~ of Outer Sp;ice in 1966; 17 Transmitted under the symbol A/AC.105/L.lQ l8 Transmitted under the ,ymbol E/41H7/<\rld. L III I. Requests the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, in co-operation with the Secretary-General and making use of the available resources of the Secre- tariat, and in consultation with the specialized agencies and in co-operation with the Committee on Space Research, to prepare and consider during its next session suggestions for programmes of education and training 0{ specialists in the peaceful uses of outer space to assist the developing countries, and to report to the General Assembly at its twenty-first session ; 2. Requests the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space to continue its work as set forth in this and previous General Assembly resolutions and to report to the i\ssemhlv at its twenty first session. 1408th plenary meeting, 21 December 1965. 2131 (XX). Declaration on the Inadmissibility of Intervention in the Domestic Affairs of States and the Protection of Their Inde- pendence and Sov.-reignty The General Assembly, Deeply concerned at the gravity of the international situation and the increasing threat to universal peace due to armed inh•rventinn and other direct or indirect forms of interference threatening the sovereign person- alitv and the political independence of States, Considering that the United Nations, in accordance with their aim to elirr;inate war, threats to the peace and acts of aggression, created an Organization, based on the sovereign e<juality of States. whose friendly relations would he hased on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples and on the obligation of its Members to refrain from the threat or 11se of force against the territorial integritv nr political inrlependence of any State, · Recognizing that, in fulfilment of the principle of self- determination, the General Assembly, in the Declara- tion on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Coun- tries and Peoples contained in resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960. stated its conviction that all peoples have an inalienable right to complete freedom, the exercise of their sovereignty and the integrity of their national territnry, and that, hy virtue of that right, they freely determine their political status and freelv pursue their economic. social and cultural development, Recalling that in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights the General Assembly proclaimed that recogni- tion of the inherent dignity and of the equal anrl inalienable rights of all members of the h11man fomilv is tht> foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, without distinction of any kind, Reaffirming the principle of non-intervention, pro- claimed in the charters of the Organization of American States, the League of Arab States and the Organiza- tion of African Unitv and affirmed at the conferences held 'at Montevideo: Buenos Aires. Chapultepec and 'Rogota, as well as in the decisions of the Asian-African Conference at Bandung. the First Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries at Belgrade, in the Programme for Peace and International Co-operation adopted at the end of the Second Con- ference of Heads of State or Government of Non- Aligned Countries at Cairo, and in the declaration on subversion adopter! at Accra by the Heads of State and \Tovernrnent of the Afriem States. 12 General AHembly-Twentieth Session Recognizing that full observance of the principle of the non-intervention of States in the internal and ex- ternal affairs of other States is essential to the fulfil- ment of the purposes an~ principles of the United Nations, Considering that armed intervention is synonymous with agg:i;ession and, as such, is contrary to the basic principles on which peaceful international co-operation between States should be built, Considering further that direct intervention, subver- sion and all forms of indirect intervention are contrary to these principles and, consequently, constitute a violation of the Charter of the United Nations, Mindful that violation of the principle of non-inter- vention poses a threat to the independence, freedom and normal political, economic, social and cultural development of countries, particularly those which have freed themselves from colonialism, and can pose a serious threat to the maintenance of peace, Fully aware of the imperative need to create appro- priate conditions which would enable all States, and in particular the developing countries, to choose without duress or coercion their own political, economic and social institutions, In the light of the forepoin.r, rnnsiderations, solemnly declares: 1. No State has the right to intervene, directly or indirectly, for any reason whatever, in the internal or external affairs of any other State. Consequently, armed intervention and all other forms of interference or attempted threats against the personality of the State or against its political, economic and cultural elements. are condemned. 2. No State may use or encourage the use of eco- nomic, political or any other type of measures to coerce another State in order to obtain from it the subordina- tion of the exercise of its sovereign rights or to secure from it advantages of any kind. Also, no State shall organize, assist. foment, finance, incite or tolerate sub- versive, terrorist or armed activities directed towards the violent overthrow of the regime of another State, or interfere in civil strife in another State. 3. The use of force to deprive peoples of their national identity constitutes a violation of their in- aliernible rights and of the principle of non-intervention. 4. The strict observance of these obligations is an essential condition to ensure that nations live together in peace with one another, since the practice of any form of intervention not only violates the spirit and letter of the Charter of the United Nations but also leads to the creation of situations which threaten in- ternationa 1 peace and security. 5. Every State has an inalienable right to choose its political. economic, social and cultural systems, with- out interference in any form by another State. 6. All States shall respect the right of self-determina- tion an·d independence of peoples and nations, to be freely exercised without any foreign pressure, and with absolute respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. Consequently, all States shall contribute to the complete elimination of racial discrimination and colonialism in all its forms and manifestations. 7. For the purpose of the present Declaration, the term "State" covers both individual States and groups of States. 8. Nothing in this Declaration shall be construed as affecting in any manner the relevant provisions of the Charter of the United Nations relating to the main- tenance of international peace and security, in particular those contained in Chapters VI. VII and VIII. 1408th plenary rneeting, 21 December 1965. 2132 (XX). The Kort>an qut>stion The General Assembly, I-I aving noted the reports of the United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea, signed at Seoul, Korea, on 26 August 196419 and 3 September 1965,20 Reaffirming its resolutions 112 (II) of 14 November 1947, 195 (III) of 12 December 1948, 293 (IV) of 21 October 1949, 376 (V) of 7 October 1950, 811 (IX) of 11 December 1954, 910 A (X) of 29 November 1955, 1010 (XI) of 11 January 1957, 1180 (XII) of 29 November 1957, 1264 (XIII) of 14 November 1958, 1455 (XIV) of 9 December 1959, 1740 (XVI) of 20 December 1961, 1855 (XVII) of 19 December 1962 and 1964 (XVITT) of 13 December 1963, Noting that the United Nations forces which were sent to Korea in accordance with United Nations resolutions have in greater part already been withdrawn, and that the Governments concerned are prepared to withdraw their remaining forces from Korea when the conditions for a lasting settlement laid down hy the General Assembly have been fulfilled. Recalling that the United Nations, under the Charter, is fully and rightfully empowered to take collective action to repel aggression, to restore peace and security, and to extend its good offices to set>king a peaceful settlement in Korea, 1. Reaffirms that the objectives of the United Nations in Korea are to bring about, by peaceful means, the establishment of a unified, independent and democratic Korea under a representative form of government, and the full restoration of international peace and security in the area; 2. Calls upon the North Korean authorities to accept those established United Nations objectives which have het>n repeatedly affirmed by the General Assembly: 3. Urges that continuing efforts be made to achieve thos~ objectives; 4. Requests the United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea to continue its work in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly. 1408th plenary muting, 21 DPCember 1965. 19 Official Records of the General .4ssrm/,/y, Ninetcrnt/1 S!'-<'- sion. S11pp[e111ent No. 12 (A/5812). 20 !bid .. Twentieth Sessinn, S11ppln11ent No. 12 (Aj(,012)

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