A/RES/2466(XXIII) GA

14 General A11emhl:,-Tweaty-third Seulon Powers possessing nuclear weapons to sign and ratify delivery systems and systems of defence against ballistic as soon as possible Additional Protocol II of the Treaty missiles. for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America. e The General Asse111bly, 1750th ple·nary meeting, 20 Deccmbcr 1968. Ha,z,.¡ng considcrcd the Final Docmnent of the Con- ference of Non-Nuclear-,Veapon States,20 Observing that the use of explosive nuclear devices for peacefttl purposes will have an extraordinary im- portance in the light of the technical documents pre- pared for the Confcrence at the request of the Secretary- General of the United Nations, Recalling the statements made at the 1577th meeting of the First Committee by the representatives of the Co-Chairmen of the Conference of the Eighteen-Nation Committee on Disarmament to the effect that it will be convenient to initiate promptly the preparatory work for the determination of what appropriate principies and international procedures could be adopted in_ or~er that the potential benefits of any peaceful apphcat1on of nuclear explosions might be made availa?le, with due consideration for the needs of the developmg areas of the world, l. Requests the Secretary-General to prepare, in consultation with the States Members of the United Nations and members of the specialized agencies and of the International Atomic Energy Agency, and with the co-operation of the latter and of those specialized agencies that he may consider pertinent, a report on the establishment, within the framework of the Inter- national Atomic Energy Agency, of an international service for nuclear explosions for peaceful purposes, under appropriate international control; 2. F11rthc1· 1·cq11ests the Secretary-General to trans- mit the report to the Governments of the States men- tioned in paragraph 1 above in time to permit its con- sideration by the General Assembly at its twenty-fourth session. D The General Assembly, 1750th p!cna.ry meeting, 20 December 1968. N oting the recommendation contained in resolution D of the Conference of Non-Nuclear-Weapon States, Considering that, pursuant to the agreement reached in July 1968 by the Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America to enter into bilateral discussions on the limi- tation of both offensive strategic nuclear-weapon delivery systems and systems of defence against ballistic missiles, such discussions could lead to the cessation of the nuclear arms race and to the achievement of nuclear disarmament and relaxation of tensions, Urges the Governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America to enter at an early date into bilateral discussions on the limitation of offensive strategic nuclear-weapon ·2e /bid., Twenty-tlrird Session, agenda item 96, document A/7277 and Corr.1 and 2. 1750th plenary meeting, 20 December 1968. 2466 (XXIII). The Korean queetion Tl1e General Assembly, Ha1.:ing n.otcd the report of the United Nations Com- mission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea, signed at Seoul, Korea, on 24 August 1968,27 Rcaffinning its resolution 2269 (XXII) of 16 Novem- ber 1967 and previous resolutions on the Korean ques- tion noted therein, Recognizing that the continuecl division of Korea does not correspond to the wishes of the Korean people ancl constitutes a source of tension which pre.vents the ful! restoration of internanonal peace and security in the arca, Recalling that the United Nations, under the Charter, is fully and rightfully empowered to take collective action to maintain peace and security and to extend its good offices in seeking a peaceful settlement in Korea in accordance ,vith the purposes and principies of the Charter, An.rious that progress be made towards creating conditions which would facilitate the reunification of Korea on the basis of the freely expressed will of the Korean people, C onccrned at reports of recent events in Korea which, if continued, coulcl hamper efforts to create the peaceful conditions which are one of the prerequisites for the establishment of a unified and independent Korea. l. Reaffirms that the objectives of the United Nations in Korea are to bring about, by peaceful means, the establishment of a unified, independent and demo- cratic Korea under a representative form of govern- ment, and the full restoration of international peace and security in the area ; 2. Expresses the belief that arrangements should be made to achieve these objectives through genuinely free elections held in accordance with the relevant resolu- tions of the General Assembly ; 3. Calls for co-operation in the easing of tensions in the area and, in particular, for the avoidance of incidents and activities in violation of the Armistice Agreement of 1953; 4. No tes with approval the efforts made by the United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea, in pursuit of its mandate, to encourage the exercise of restraint and the easing of tensions in the arca and to secure maximum sup- port, assistance and co-operation in the realization of the peaceful reunification of Korea; 5. Requests the United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea to pursue these and other efforts to achieve the objectives of the United Nations in Korea, to continue to carry out the tasks previously assigned to it by the General Assembly and to keep members of the Assembly informed on the situation in the area and on the results of these efforts through regular reports submitted to the Secretary- General and to the Assembly as appropriate, the first report to be submitted to the Secretary-General no later than four months after the adoption of the present resolution ; 27 /bid., Twenty-third Session, Swpple,nent No. 12 (A/7212). Resolutions adopted on the reporta of the First Committee 15 6. Notes that the U nited N ations forces which were sent to Korea in accordance with United Nations reso- lutions have in greater part already been withdrawn, that the sole objective of the United Nations forces at present :n Korea is to preserve the peace and security of the area, and that the Governments concerned are prepared to withdraw their remaining forces from Korea whenever such action is requestcd by the Re- public of Korea or ,vhenever the conditions for a !asting settlement formulated by the General Assembly have been fulfilled. 1751st plenary meeting, 20 December 1968. 2467 (XXIII). Examination of the question of the reservation exclusively for peaceful pur- poses of the sea-hed and the ocean ftoor, and the suhsoil thereof, underlying the high seas heyond the limits of present national jurisdiction, and the use of their resources in the interests of mankind A The General Assembly, Reca!ling the item entitled "Examination of the question of the reservation exclusively for peaceful purposes of the sea-bed and the ocean floor, and the subsoil thereof, underlying the high seas beyond the limits of present national jurisdiction, and the use of their resources in the interests of mankind", Having in mind its resolution 2340 (XXII) of 18 December 1967 concerned with the problems arising in the area to which the title of the item refers, Reaffirming the objectives set forth in that resolution, Taking note with appreciation of the report prepared by the Ad Hoc Committee to Study the Peaceful Uses of the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor bevond the Limits of National Jurisdiction,28 keeping in mind the views expressed in the course of its work and drawing upon its experience, Recognizing that it is in the interest of mankind as a whole to favour the exploration and use of the sea- bed ami the ocean floor, and the subsoil thereof, beyond the liinits of national jurisdiction, for peaceful purposes, Cu1isldering that it is important to promote inter- national co-operation for the exploration and exploita- tion of the resources of this area, Con'vinced that such exploitation should be carried out for the benefit of mankinrl as a whole, irrespective of the geographic:il location of States. taking into account the special interc,b anrl neecls of the develop- ing countries, C onsiderin_r¡ that it is essential to provide, within the United ::-,:ations system, a focal point for the elabora- tion of desirable measures of international co-operation, taking into account altcrmtiYe actual and potential uses of this are:1, and for the co-ordination of the ac- tiYities of international organizations in this regard. l. Establishes a Committee on the Peaceful ·eses of the Sea-Ded and the Ocean Floor bevond the Limits of N ationa! J misdiction, composed of forty-two Sta tes; 2. lnstructs the Committee: (a) To study the elaboration of the legal principles and norms which would promote international co-opera- 28 Jbid., Twenty-tl,ird Srssion. agenda ítem 26, rlorument A/7230. tion in the exploration and use of the sea-bed and the ocean floor, and the subsoil thereof, beyond the limits of national jurisdiction and ensure the exploita- tion of their resources for the benefit of mankind, and the economic and otl1Pr requirements which such a régime should satisfy in arder to meet the interests of humanity as a whole; ( b) To study the ways and means of promoting the exploitation and use of the resources of this area, and of international co-operation to that end, taking into account the foreseeable development of technology and the economic implications of such exploitation and bear- ing in mind the fact that such exploitation should benefit mankind as a whole; (e) To review the studies carried out in the field of exploration and research in this area and aimed at intensifying international co-operation and stimulating the exchange and the widest possible dissemination of scientific knowledge on the subject; (d) To examine proposed measures of co-operation to be adopted by the international community in order to prevent the marine pollution which may result from the exploration and exploitation of the resources of this area ; 3. A/so calls upon the Committee to study further, within the context of the title of the item, and taking into account the studies and international negotiations being undertaken in the field of disarmament, the reser- vation exclusively for peacefnl purposes of the sea-hed and the ocean floor without prejudice to the limits which may be agreed upon in this respect; 4. Requests the Committee: (a) To work in el ose co-operation with the specialized agencies, the International Atomic Energy Agency and the intergovernmental bodies dealing with the problems referred to in the present resolution, so as to avoid any duplication or overlapping of activities; ( b) To make recommendations to the General As- sem bly on thc questions mentioned in paragraphs 2 and 3 above; (e) In co-operation with the Secretary-General, to submit to the General Assembly reports on its activities at each subsequent session; 5. Invites the specialized agencies, the International Atomic Energy Agency and other intergovernmental bodies including the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of the United Nations Educational, Scien- tific and Cultural Organization to co-operate fully with the Committee in the implementation of the present resolution. B The General Assembly, 17 52nd plenary meeting, .:1 necember 1968. Rccogni:::iny that it is in the common interest of ali nations that the exploration and exploitation of the resources of the sea-bed and the ocean floor, and the suhsoi] thereof, should be conductecl in such a manner as to ayoi<l infringement of the other interests ami established rights of nations with respect to the uses of the sea, M indful of the thrcat to the marine environment presented by pollution and other hazardous and harmful effects which might result from exploration and ex- ploitation of the areas under consideration,

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