A/RES/2668(XXV) GA

18 General A■aembl:,-Twenty-S.ftb Senion crete progress towards disarmament, f Ving the highest priority to nuclear disarmament, military expenditure IS likely to increase at an even greater rate during the 1970s, Deeply concerned that the arms race, nuclear and conventional, constitutes one of the heaviest burdens which peoples everywhere have to bear and that it absorbs immense material wealth, human energy and intellectual resources, Deeply convinced that the elimination of the enor- mous waste of wealth and talent on the arms race, which is detrimental to the economic and social life of all States, would have a positive impact, especially on the developing countries, where the need for skilled personnel and the lack of material and financial re .. sources are most keenly felt, Convinced that a halt in the arms race, a reduction of military expenditures and concrete progress towards disarmament would greatly facilitate the achievement by nations of their economic and social goals and would contribute effectively to the improvement of in- ternational relations and the maintenance of world peace and security, Conscious that it is the fundamental task of the United Nations to promote, in accordance with the Charter, the establishment and maintenance of interna- tional peace and security with the least diversion for armaments of the world's human and economic re- sources, Determined to take appropriate steps to bring the arms race to a halt and to make progress towards rneral and complete disarmament, which is the most tmportant question facing the world today, Wishing to promote the elaboration and implemen- tation of a comprehensive programme for disarmament, which would also facilitate the United Nations de- velopment programmes during the 1970s, Believing that thorough consideration of the main aspects of the arms race would facilitate a better under- standing and evaluation of its negative consequences and of the great dangers with which it is fraught, 1. Calls upon all States to take effective steps for the cessation and reversal of the arms race and for the achievement of steady progress in the field of dis- armament; 2. Requests the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament to continue to pay urgent attention to all questions meant to put an end to the arms race, par- ticularly in the nuclear field; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to prepare, with the assistance of qualified consultant experts appointed by him, 26 a report on the economic and social conse- quences of the arms race and of military expenditures; 4. Calls upon all Governments to extend their full co-operation to the Secretary-General to ensure that the study is carried out in the most effective way; 5. Calls upon non-governmental organizations and international institutions and organizations to co-op- erate with the Secretary-General in the preparation of the report; 2e The Group of Consultant Experts on the Economic and Social Consequences of the Arms Race and Military Expendi- tures is composed of the following persons: Mr. Gheorahe Dolgu, Mr. William F. Duisenberg, Mr. Vasily S. Bmelyanov, Mr. Placido Garcfa Reynoso, Mr. Vojin Guzina, Mr. Douglas Le Pan, Mr. Ladislav Matejka, Mr. Akira Matsui, Mr. Jacques Mayer, Mr. Maciej Perczynski, Mr. Mullath A. Vetlodi, Mr. Henry Wallich, Mr. Kiffe Wodajo and Sir Solly Zuckerman. 6. Requests that the report be transmitted to the General Assembly in time to permit its consideration at the twenty-sixth session. 1919th plenary meeting, 7 December 1970. 2668 (XXV). Question of Korea The General Assembly, Having noted the report of the United Nations Com- mission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea, signed at Seoul, Korea, on 13 August 1970,2-,; Reaffirming its resolution 2516 (XXIV) of 25 November 1969 and its previous resolutions on the question of Korea, Recognizing that the continued division of Korea does not correspond to the wishes of the Korean people and constitutes a source of tension which/revents the full restoration of international peace an security in the area, Recalling that the United Nations, under the Charter, is fully and rightfully empowered to take collective action to maintain peace and security and to extend its good offices in seeking a peaceful settlement in Korea in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter, Anxious that progress be made towards creating con- ditions which would facilitate the reunification of Korea on the basis of the freely expressed will of the Korean people, Concerned at reports of further events in Korea which, if continued, could hamper efforts to create the peaceful conditions which are one of the prerequisites of the establishment of a unified and independent Korea, 1. Reaffirms that the objectives of the United Na- tions in Korea are to bring about, by peaceful means, the establishment of a unified, independent and democratic Korea under a representative form of gov- emmem; and the full restoration of international peace and security in the area; 2. Expresses the belief that arrangements should be made· to achieve these objectives through genuinely free elections held in accordance with the relevant resol"ittldns of the General Assembly; 3. Calls for co-operation in the easing of tensions in the- area and, in particular, for the avoidance of incidenft and activities in vioL n of the Armistice Agreemi,nt of 1953; 4. Notes with approval the efforts made by the United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea, in pursuit of its mandate, to encourage the exercise of restraint and the easing of tensions in the area and to secure maximum support, assistance and co-operation in the realization of the peaceful reunification of Korea; 5. Requests the United Nations Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea to pursue these and other efforts to achieve the objectives of the United Nations in Korea, to continue to carry out the tasks previously assigned to it by the General Assembly and to keep members of the Assembly informed on the situation in the area and on the results of these efforts through regular reports submitted to the Secretary- General, and to the General Assembly as appropriate; 21 Official Records of the General Assembly, Twenty-fifth Session, Supplement No. 26 (A/8026 and Corr.l ). Re1olutlon11 adopted on the reports of the First Committee 19 6. Notes that the United Nations forces which were sent to Korea in accordance with United Nations resolutions have in greater part already been with- drawn, that the sole objective of the United Nations forces at present in Korea is to preserve the peace and security of the area, and that the Governments con- cerned are prepared to withdraw their remaining forces from Korea whenever such action is requested by the Republic of Korea or whenever the conditions for a lasting settlement formulated by the General Assembly have been fulfilled. 1919th plenary meeting, 7 December 1970. 2733 (XXV). International co-operation in the peaceful uses of outer space A The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 2453 B (XXIII) of 20 December 1968 whereby it established a Working Group of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space to study and report on the technical feasibility of communication by direct broadcast from satellites and the current and foreseeable developments in this field, as well as the implications of such developments in the social, cultural, legal and other areas, Taking note with appreciation of the reports pre- pared by the Working Group on Direct Broadcast Satellites during its three sessions, 28 Noting that the first satellite-borne instructional tele- vision experiment for direct reception into community receivers will be undertaken in India as early as 1973/1974, thereby making it possible to enrich life in isolated communities, Noting that the potential benefits of satellite broad- casting have particular significance with regard to better understanding among peoples, the expansion of the flow of information and the wider dissemination of knowledge in the world, and the promotion of cultural exchanges, Recognizing that the use of satellite-home television for educational and training purposes, particularly in developing countries, can in many instances contribute towards national programmes of integration and com- munity development and economic, social and cultural development in such areas as formal and adult educa- tion, agriculture, health and family planning, Taking note of the concern of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in considering the practical interests of all States, in particular the in- terests of the developing countries, regarding the efficient use of the geostationary orbit and the fre- quency spectrum, Recognizing that the effective deployment and use of direct satellite broadcasting requires large-scale in- ternational and regional co-operation and that further consideration may have to be given to the legal prin- ciples applicable in this field, Endorsing the Working Group's conclusions on the applicability to such broadcasting of certain existing in- ternational legal instruments, including the Charter of the United Nations, the Treaty on Principles Govem- 28 /bid., Twenty-fourth Session, Supplement No. 21A (Al 7621/ Add.1), annexes III and IV; and ibid., Twenty-fifth Session, Supplement No. 20 (A/8020), paras. 48-59. ing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies and the applicable provisions of the International Telecommunication Convention29 and Radio Regulations, 1. Recommends, on the basis of the probable pat- terns of use of satellite broadcasting systems outlined by the Working Group on Direct Broadcast Satellites of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Sface, that Member States, regional and internationa or- ganizations, including broadcasting associations, should promote and encourage international co-operation at regional and other levels in order, inter alia, to allow all participating parties to share in the establishment and operation of regional satellite broadcasting services and/or in programme planning and production; 2. Draws the attention of Member States, special- ized a,$Cncies and other interested international or-- ganizattons to the potential benefits to be derived from direct broadcast satellite services, especially in de- veloping countries, for improving their telecommunica- tions infrastructure, thereby contributing to general economic and social development; 3. Recommends, with a view to makin~ available the benefits of this new technology to countries, regard- less of the degree of their social and economic develop- ment, that Member States, the United Nations De- velopment Programme and other international a$encies should promote international co-operation in this field in order to assist interested countries to develop the skills and techniques that may be necessary for its application; 4. Requests the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space to keep under review the question of reconvening the Working Group on Direct Broadcast Satellites at such time as additional material of sub- stance on which further useful studies might be based may have become available; 5. Recommends that the Committee on the Peace- ful Uses of Outer Space should study through its Legal Sub-Committee, giving priority to the convention on liability, the work carried out by the Working Group on Direct Broadcast Satellites, under the item on the implications of space communications; 6. Invites the International Telecommunication Union to continue to take the necessary steps to pro- mote the use of satellite broadcasting services by Member States and to consider at the 1971 World Administrative Radio Conference for Space Telecom- munications the appropriate provisions under which satellite broadcasting services may be established; 7. Requests the International Telecommunication Union to transmit, when available, to the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space all information about the use of the geostationary orbit and the fre- ::iuency spectrum; 8. Invites the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to continue to promote the use of satellite broadcasting for the advancement of education and training, science and culture and, in con- sultation with appropriate intergovernmental and non- governmental organizations and broadcasting associa- tions, to direct its efforts towards the solution of problems falling within its mandate. 1932nd plenary meeting, 16 December 1970. 20 Signed at Montreux on 12 November 1965.

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