A/RES/3016(XXVII) GA

48 General Assemhly-Twenty-se,·cnth Se~sion development of developing countries as defined by the United Nations; 3. Calls upon the Economic and Social Council to discharge its responsibilities under the Charter of the United Nations and section I, paragraph 3, of General Assembly resolution 2997 (XXVII), in such a way as to enhance the attainment of the goals and objectives of the International Development Strategy for the Second United Nations Development Decade and to ensure that the development priorities of the developing countries set out in the International Development Strategy are in no way adversely affected or distorted; 4. Recommends respect for the principle that re- sources for environmental programmes, both within and outside the United Nations system, be additional to the present level and projected growth of resources contemplated in the International Development Strategy, to be made available for programmes directly related to developmental assistance; 5. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its twenty-ninth session, through the Economic and Social Council, a report providing a comprehensive picture within the United Nations system of the distribution and patterns of growth of resources and programmes in various fields, including funds for special purposes, in order to permit an evalua- tion of their conformity with the over-all policies and priorities of development as established in the relevant decisions of the Council and the Assembly. 2112th plenary meeting 15 December 1972 3003 (XXVII). International prize for the most outstamlin~ <'ontrihution in the field of the environment The General Assembly, Recalling recommendation 38 of the Action Plan for the Human EnvironmentG7 adopted by the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, Recalling also that one main purpose of the Con- ference was to increase the awareness among Govern- ments and public opinion about the importance and urgency of the problems of the environment, Recognizing that effective international co-operation in the field of the environment should be firmly based on action at the national level, Welcomes the initiative of the Government of Iran in setting aside an area constituting an ecosystem of global importance to be placed in joint trust with an international agency and in establishing an annual prize by that Government for the most outstanding con- tribution in the field of the environment to be awarded through the United Nations. 2112th plenary meeting 15 December 1972 3004 (XXVII). Location of the environment secretariat68 The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 2398 (XXIII) of 3 Decem- ber 1968, 2581 (XXIV) of 15 December 1969, 2657 '"• Sec A/CONF.48/14 and Corr.1, chap. II. ,;s See resolution 2997 (XXVII), sect. II. (XXV) of 7 December 1970 and 2850 (XXVI) of 20 December 1971 on the preparations for the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, Noting with appreciation the report of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment,60 in particular the recommendation on the establishment nf the environment secretariat, Noting also the report of the Secretary-General on the location of the proposed environment secretariat,7° Considering that the headquarters of the United Nations and of the specialized agencies arc all located in the developed States in North America and Western Europe, Convinced that in order to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, in accordance with the Preamble of the Charter of the United Nations, the· activities and headquarters or secretariats of Unite! Nations bodies or agencies should be located having regard, inter alia, to equitable geographical distribution of such activities, headquarters or secretariats, 1. Decides to locate the environment secretariat in a developing country; 2. Further decides to locate the environment secre- tariat in Nairobi, Kenya. 2112th plenary meeti11g 1 5 December 1972 3015 (XXVII). United Nations Children's Fund The General Assembly, Having considered the section of the report of the Economic and Social Council dealing with the United Nations Children's Fund,71 1. Endorses Economic and Social Council resolu- tion 1709 (LIii) of 28 July 1972 on the United Nations Children's Fund; 2. Reiterates its appeal to Governments and other donors to make every effort to increase their contribu- tions to the Fund so as to enable it to reach its target figure of $100 million by 1975. 2113th plenary meeting 18 December 1972 3016 (XXVII). Permanent sovereignty over nat- ural resources of developing countries The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 626 (VII) of 21 December 1952, 1803 (XVII) of 14 December 1962, 2158 (XXI) of 25 November 1966, 2386 (XXIII) of 19 November 1968 and 2692 (XXV) of 11 December 1970 concerning permanent sovereignty over natural resources, Rcaffin11i11g the need for further examination of the~.: vital issues by the General Assembly, Emphasizing the great importance for the economic progress of all countries, especially the developing Go A/CONF.48/14 and Corr.I. ,o A/8783/ AJd.l and Corr.1 and Add.2. 71 Official Records of the General Assemhlv. Twent\'-sc,·1·111/, Session, Supp/cmeflt No. 3 (A/8703), chap. VII, sect.· D. Resolutions adopt<'d on the repo1·ts of the Second Committee 49 countries, of their fully exercising their rights so as to secure the maximum yield from their natural resources, both on land and in their coastal waters, Taking into account principles II and XI of resolu- tion 46 (III) of 18 May 1972 adopted by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development at its third session, 72 A Isa taking into account resolution 45 ( III) of 18 May 1972, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development at its third session,'~ en- titled "Charter of the economic rights and duties of States", and having regard to the relevant principles of the Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment,73 1. Reaffirms the right of States to permanent sovereignty over all their natural resources, on land within their international boundaries as well as those found in the sea-bed and the subsoil thereof within their national jurisdiction and in the supcrjacent waters; 2. Further reaffirms its resolution 2625 (XXV) of 24 October 1970, containing the Declaration on Prin- ciples of International Law concerning Friendly Rela- tions and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, which pro- claims that no State may use or encourage the use of economic, political or any other type of measures to coerce another State in order to obtain from it the subordination of the exercise of its sovereign rights and to secure from it advantages of any kind; 3. Declares that actions, measures or legislative regulations by States aimed at coercing, directly or indirectly, other States engaged in the change of their internal structure or in the exercise of their sover- eign rights over their natural resources, both on land and in their coastal waters, are in violation of the Charter and of the Declaration contained in resolution 2625 (XXV) and contradict the targets, objectives and policy measures of the International Development Strategy for the Second United Nations Development Decade;74 4. Calls upon Governments to continue their efforts aimed at the implementation of the principles and rec- ommendations contained in the aforementioned resolu- tions of the General Assembly and, in particular, of the principles enunciated in paragraphs 1 to 3 above; 5. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General on permanent sovereignty over natural resources75 and requests him to supplement it with a further detailed study on recent developments, taking into account the right of States to exercise permanent sovereignty over their natural resources, as well as the factors impeding States from exercising this right; 6. Requests the Economic and Social Council to ac- cord high priority, at its fifty-fourth session, to the item entitled ''Permanent sovereignty over natural resources of developing countries", together with the report of the Secretary-General and the present resolu- tion, and to report to the General Assembly at its twenty-eighth session. 2113th plenary meeting 18 December 1972 ,2 See Proceedings of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Third Sessinn. vol. I. Report and Annexes (United Nations publication, Sales No.: E.73.II.D.4), annex I.A. 73 See A/CONF.48/14 and Corr.I, chap. I. 74 Resolution 2626 (XXV). 75 E/5170. 3017 (XXVII). Outflow of trained personnel from developing to developed countries The General Assembly, Recalling its resolutions 2083 (XX) of 20 December 1965, relating to the development and utilization of human resources, 2090 (XX) of 20 December 1965 and 2259 (XXII) of 3 November 1967, relating to the training of national technical personnel for the ac- celerated industrialization of the developing countries, and 2320 (XXII) of 15 December 1967 and 2417 (XXIII) of 17 December 1968, relating to the outflow of trained personnel from the developing countries, and Economic and Social Council resolution 1573 (L) of 19 May 1971, Bearing in mind that an acceleration of the rate of economic growth of the developing countries and a rapid improvement of their social structures through the eradication of mass poverty, inequality and illiteracy require, inter alia, an over-all strategy for technological development, Conscious that the technological development of de- veloping countries, even though concentrated on research and its practical applications with a view to the promotion of local and adapted technologies, should, in the most favourable conditions, benefit from a large-scale transfer of appropriate technological knowledge accumulated mainly in the developed coun- tries, Considering how decisively important it is for the developing countries to have technically and scientifi- cally trained local personnel in order to: (a) Take advantage of the facilities offered by ac- cess to the technology of the developed countries, ( b) Use that technology by adapting it to national conditions, ( c) Develop techniques suited to their production structures, ( cl) Create their own national technologies, Considering further that the objectives mentioned in the preceding paragraph have been adequately enun- ciated in the World Plan of Action for the Application o.f Science and Technology to Development prepared by the Advisory Committee on the Application of Sci- ence and Technology to Development,76 Taking into account that not only has this large- scale transfer of the store of technological knowledge not taken place, but that what has in fact been wit- nessed in recent years is the opposite phenomenon, namely, a constant diminution of the store of techno- logical knowledge in the developing countries through the outflow of trained national personnel who emi- grate chieily to some of the market-economy countries, thus obviously affecting the capacity of the developing countries to cope with the tasks of development through the utilization of trained national personnel, Rl'Cognizing that the outflow of trained personnel from the developing countries has its roots in the phenomenon of under-development itself and that any measures to overcome it must take into consideration that fall. as well as an understanding of the reasons for the outllow. I. lnvitrs the Secretary-General, in co-operation with 1hc organizations of the United Nations system 711 Unitcci Nation~ publication, Sales No.: E.71.II.A.18.

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