A/RES/3018(XXVII) GA

50 General Aasembly-Twenty-1eventh Se1aion concerned and taking due note of the report on the subject being prepared by the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Devel- opment and of the work done by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research, the Advisory Com- mittee on the Application of Science and Technology to Development and other interested bodies in the United Nations system, and in consultation with the Member States concerned: (a) To prepare a study on the outflow of trained personnel from the developing countries which affects their technological development, bringing out the ne- gative consequences in the developing countries and the advantages reaped by the industrialized countries, and pin-pointing the mechanics of that outflow and identifying the cuuntries to which it is directed; (b) In assessing the negative consequences of this phenomenon in the developing countries, to give special attention to the way in which this outflow hinders the creation of suitable technical infrastructures and pre- judices the capacity to utilize imported technology and the creation of national technologies and to the policy measures which the developing countries themselves may have to take to stem this outflow; 2. Invites the Secretary-General, in collaboration with the organizations of the United Nations system and bearing in mind the study referred to in paragraph 1 above, to draft, in consultation with the Member States concerned, the necessary guidelines for a pro- gramme of action to be elaborated by the Committee on Science and Technology for Development, indicat- ing viable measures that can be taken to deal with the problem and, above all, practical and effective guidance to be followed, mainly by the Governments of indus- trialized countries, to put an end to, and to reverse, that process without prejudice to existing international agreements and in conformity with the Universal Dec- laration of Human Rights; 3. Requests the Secretary-General to take urgent measures to make widely known to the appropriate authorities in developing countries the proposals con- tained in the World Plan of Action for the Application of Science and Technology to Development as one of the means to counterbalance the outflow of trained personnel from developing to developed countries; 4. Requests the, Secretary-General to submit the study referred to in paragraph 1 above to the General Assembly at its twenty-eighth session, through the Economic and Social Council, and the guidelines for a programme of action to the Committee on Science and Tecl1nology for Development at its second session. 2113th plenary meeting 18 December 1972 3018 (XXVII). The problem of mass poverty and unemployment in developing countries The General Assembly, Having considered the report of the Economic and Social Council on its fifty-second and fifty-third ses- sions,77 77 Official Records of the General Assembly, Twenty-seventh Session, Supplement No. 3 ( A!i1701) and Supplement No. JA (A/8703/ Add.I). Inspired by the solemn determination of the peoples of the United Nations, as embodied in the Charter, to promote their economic and social progress and bet- ter standards of life in larger freedom, Reiterating paragraph 7 of the preamble of the In- ternational Development Strategy for the Second United Nations Development Decade,78 which states that the ultimate objective of development must be to bring about sustained improvement in the well-being of the individual and bestow benefits on all and that devel- opment fails in its essential purpose if undue privileges, extremes of wealth and social injustices persist, Noting the report of the Committee for Develop- ment Planning on its eighth session,79 which considered in depth the nature and urgency of the problem of mass poverty and unemployment in developing coun- tries and the inequalities in the distribution of wealth and income in those countries, Recalling Economic and Social Council resolution 1727 (Lill) of 28 July 1972 on mass poverty and un- employment, Deeply concerned that at this stage of the Second United Nations Development Decade there is no mani- fest improvement in the individual lives of the great masses of people in the developing countries, Recalling resolution 62 (III) of 19 May 1972, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development at its third session, 80 on special measures in favour of the least developed among the developing countries, Aware that a grave problem in developing countries is the critical relationship of social equity to economic growth, Noting the urgent need for more and better quanti- tative data on past and current trends in employment and income distribution in developing countries, Noting further the statement of the President of the World Bank Group81 that, in some ten countries with per capita income averaging $145, the poorest 40 per cent of the population receive inc(')ffles of only $50, and that, in another ten countries with per capita in- comes averaging $275, the poorest 40 per cent of the population receive incomes of only $80, Convinced that these desperately poor people should not be left outside the mainstream of development and that their condition of abject poverty should be im- proved if the danger of widespread social and econo- mic upheaval is to be averted, 1. Endorses Economic and Social Council resolu- tion 1727 (Lill); 2. Invites developing countries where large segments of the population have per capita incomes significantly lower than the national average to continue their pro- grammes and to take such further steps as may be nec- essary to achieve a better income distribution and to create new employment opportunities as a means of improving the livelihood of the poorest sections of their populations within their national plans and priorities. 78 Resolution 2626 (XXV). 79 Official Recordr of the Economic and Social Co1111cil. Fifty-third Session, Supplement No. 7 (E/5126). 80 See Proceedings of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Third Session, vol. I, Report and Annexes (United Nations publication, Sales No.: E. 73.II. 0.4), annex I.A. 81 Statement made to the annual meeting of the Board of Governors of the World Bank Group on 25 September 1972. Resolutions adopted on the reports of the Second Committ.-e SI including the structural reforms that may be neces- sary; 3. Invites developed countries to consider ways of enlarging the volume of their concessionary assistance and thus enhance the capacity of developing countries to eradicate mass poverty and unemployment among the poorest sections of their communities; 4. Urges organizations within the United Nations system, in co-operation with the Secretary-General, to give due consideration to the development and im- plementation of measures to assist the developing coun- tries in raising the level of living of their low-income groups; 5. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its twenty-eighth session, through the Economic and Social Council, on the progress of the implementation of the present resolution. 2113th plenary meeting 18 December 1972 3019 (XXVII). United Nations Fund for Population Activities The General Assembly, Recalling its invitation and the requests set forth in its resolution 2815 (XXVI) of 14 December 1971, W elcomin.g the Secretary-General's note82 with in- terim recommendations requiring urgent action to achieve improvements in the administrative machinery of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities aimed at the efficient and expeditious delivery of pop- ulation programmes, Expressing its appreciation to the fifty-two Member States which, to date, have responded to that invitation and have pledged financial support to the United Na- tions Fund for Population Activities, Noting from the information given by the Secretary- General that the administration of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities has been reorganized over the past year in order to make even more effective use of its staff and resources, Noting further that the resources of the United Na- tions Fund for Population Activities and its scope of operations have now grown to a size which makes its supervision by an intergovernmental body desir- able, Expressing further its appreciation to the Adminis- trator of the United Nations Development Programme and to the Executive Director of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities for their efforts, which have achieved the significant results of the past year, Noting also the recommendation of the Secretary- General to change the character of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities from a trust fund of the Secretary-General into a fund established under the authority of the General Assembly, 1. Decides to place the United Nations Fund for Population Activities under the authority of the Gen- eral Assembly; 2. Decides further, without prejudice to the over- all responsibilities and policy functions of the Economic and Social Council, that the Governing Council of s2 A/8899. the United Nations Development Programme, subject to conditions to be established by the Economic and Social Council, shall be the governing body of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities and invites the Governing Council to concern itself with the financial and administrative policies relating to the work programme, the fund-raising methods and the annual budget of the Fund; 3. Invites the Governing Council to organize itself in such a way that it can exercise effectively these func- tions, taking into account the separate identity of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities and its need to operate under the guidance of the Economic and Social Council, in close relationship with inter- ested Governments and with appropriate international and national bodies, governmental and non-govern- mental, interested in population activities; 4. Authorizes the Governing Council, at its fifteenth session, to apply to the United Nations Fund for Pop- ulation Activities funding principles similar to those of the United Nations Development Programme and to establish the necessary financial rules and regula- tions, subject to consideration by the Governing Coun- cil of a report, prepared by the Executive Director of the Fund in consultation with the Administrator of the Programme, and of the full implications thereof; 5. Requests the Governing Council to consider further steps necessary to achieve improvements in the administrative and operational machinery of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities, to inform the Economic and Social Council in its annual report of those further steps taken to implement General As- sembly resolution 2815 (XXVI) and the present resolution and to submit annually a report on the activi- ties of the Fund to the Economic and Social Council; 6. Renews its invitation to interested Governments to make voluntary contributions to the United Nations Fund for Population Activities without prejudice to the agreed level of growth of contributions to the United Nations Development Programme and devel- opment assistance in general. 2113th plenary meeting 18 December 1972 3035 (XXVII). Code of conduct for linn conferences The General Assembly, Welcoming the unanimous agreement reached by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development at its third session, held at Santiago, Chile, from 13 April to 21 May 1972, that there was an urgent need for adopting and implementing a universally acceptable code of conduct to regulate the activities of liner con- ferences, which fully takes into account the special needs and problems of the developing countries, Recalling resolution 66 (III) of 19 May 1972 en- titled "Draft code of conduct for liner conferences" adopted by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development/3 83 See Proceedings of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Third Session, vol. I, Report and Annexes (United Nations publication, Sales No.: E.73.11.D.4), annex I.A.

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